Compressed air supply system and pneumatic system for a vehicle as well as operating procedures
The integration of a second regeneration path and pneumatic switching element in the compressed air supply system optimizes air dryer regeneration in vehicles, enhancing efficiency and reducing downtime by leveraging higher temperature compressed air for faster drying.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- DE · DE
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZF CV SYST EURO BV
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-11
Smart Images
Figure 00000000_0000_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a pneumatic system for a vehicle, in particular a passenger car, comprising a compressed air supply system for providing dry compressed air at a compressed air supply port and a pneumatic system, in particular a level control system, connected to the compressed air supply port. This pneumatic system is configured to receive dry compressed air at the compressed air supply port and to vent dry compressed air back into the compressed air supply system via the compressed air supply port. The dry compressed air supplied at the compressed air supply port has a filling temperature, and the dry compressed air vented from the pneumatic system has a venting temperature, both of which are within an operating temperature range. The pneumatic system further comprises a control device configured to control the compressed air supply system.The compressed air supply system of a corresponding pneumatic system comprises a compressor for providing compressed air with a compressor outlet temperature, and a compressed air supply system with a compressed air connection for connection to the compressor, the compressed air supply connection, a pneumatic main line extending from the compressed air connection to the compressed air supply connection, and an air dryer arranged in the pneumatic main line with an inlet opening and an outlet opening.The compressed air supply system comprises a filling path configured to connect the compressed air connection to the inlet opening for filling the pneumatic system during a filling operation, and a first regeneration path configured to connect the compressed air supply connection to the outlet opening for receiving a first regeneration airflow containing dried compressed air from the pneumatic system during a first regeneration operation for regenerating the air dryer. The invention further relates to a compressed air supply system, a vehicle, and an operating method.
[0002] In vehicles, compressed air supply systems serve to supply pneumatic systems with dried compressed air within a pneumatic system.
[0003] The compressed air supply system of such a system typically receives compressed air for filling the pneumatic system via a compressed air connection from a compressed air source, such as a compressor. Compressors and compressors are used synonymously in this description and refer to units that compress air. Such a compressor, together with the compressed air supply system, forms a compressed air supply system.
[0004] Such a compressed air supply system is preferably controlled by an electronic control unit. These systems are particularly useful for supplying compressed air to pneumatic systems, specifically level control systems.
[0005] Common to all compressed air supply systems is that the compressed air supplied to the pneumatic system is always provided with a maximum defined residual moisture content. The compressed air can, for example, flow through one or more dryers. Regenerative air dryers are preferred, as they reduce the moisture content of the compressed air through adsorption. The continuous drying of the compressed air by the air dryer results in the progressive saturation of the drying granules within the dryer. Rapid filling of the pneumatic system via the compressed air supply system is thus achieved by the volume flow supplied by the compressor and dehumidified by the dryer.To regenerate a suitable air dryer, in closed pneumatic systems dried compressed air from the pneumatic system is vented into the compressed air supply system, passed through the air dryer and released to the environment via a vent line and a vent connection.
[0006] DE 3919438 A1 describes, in principle, a pressure-medium-operated device with an air dryer located between a pressure medium source and the consumers. An expansion tank is provided, which serves to receive air from the emptying consumers and to supply air to the air dryer during regeneration. The device is suitable for pneumatically operated systems with an air dryer.
[0007] DE 10 2004 056 883 A1 describes a closed air supply system for an air-operated work device, wherein the air supply system consists of a compressor, a storage unit, one or more dryers and pneumatic control elements, wherein the dryers are arranged and can be switched using the pneumatic control elements in such a way that a volume flow of moist air conveyed from the outside into the air supply system by the compressor fills a minimum of the internal volume of the work device before reaching a first dryer.
[0008] Existing pneumatic systems offer a sufficient means of regenerating the air dryer. However, further optimization is needed to increase regeneration efficiency, thereby reducing regeneration time and, in particular, compressor runtime, as well as increasing system availability. Specifically, there is a need to create a method for regenerating the air dryer that is decoupled from the pneumatic system's venting process.
[0009] The task is to design and operate a pneumatic system equipped with an air dryer in a manner that is improved for both filling and regeneration processes.
[0010] The solution is achieved with the pneumatic system of claim 1 or a compressed air supply system according to claim 10 and a vehicle according to claim 11 as well as a corresponding method of claim 12 for operating the pneumatic system of claim 1.
[0011] The problem relating to a pneumatic system is solved in a first aspect of the invention by a device according to claim 1.
[0012] According to the invention, to solve the problem, it is proposed, starting from the pneumatic system mentioned above, that the compressed air supply system has a second regeneration path. This path is configured to connect the compressed air connection to the outlet opening for receiving a second regeneration airflow with a regeneration temperature above the operating temperature range, in order to regenerate the air dryer in a second regeneration cycle. The invention further proposes that the compressed air supply system has a pneumatic switching element connected to the control unit via a signal conductor, which is configured at least for selectively blocking or enabling the filling path and the second regeneration path.The invention utilizes the fact that, if the compressed air supplied as a regeneration air stream is at a sufficiently high temperature, prior drying by an air dryer, such as a condensation dryer or an air dryer with a drying granule filling, is unnecessary. With a polytropic exponent of approximately 1.2, as is the case with conventional compressors for compressed air supply systems, the compression-induced temperature increase of compressed air, which has been compressed to operating pressures of 5 bar to 10 bar, leads to a significant increase in its water absorption capacity. Compressed air vented from a pneumatic system, such as a level control system, has a temperature in the range of approximately -20°C to 60°C and a humidity level in the range of approximately 2 g / m³. 3(At a pressure of 10 bar) If the vehicle has not been moved, the venting temperature is identical to the ambient temperature. Depending on the specific temperature, this results in a water absorption capacity of the first regeneration airflow of 5 g / m³. 3 up to 50 g / m² 3 The temperature of the vented compressed air, however, depends on ambient conditions and the dynamic movements of the vehicle and is therefore not precisely adjustable. In comparison, compressed air that is drawn in at approximately 10°C and a relative humidity of 95% and compressed to 10 bar by a suitable compressor experiences a temperature increase to a compressor outlet temperature of approximately 148°C and an increase in its humidity to approximately 98 g / m³. 3This compressed air cools from the compressor outlet temperature due to heat losses in the ducting to the compressor outlet opening to a regeneration temperature typically ranging from about 70°C to 100°C. A further temperature drop occurs above the regeneration throttle. Depending on the specific temperature, this results in an increased water absorption capacity of the second regeneration airflow of 70 g / m³. 3 up to 500 g / m² 3 .
[0013] The temperature increase achieved through compression is calculated using the following formula: Compressor outlet temperature(T1)=Ambient temperature(T2)⋅(p2p1)κ−1κ
[0014] Here, p1 denotes the ambient pressure and p2 the compressor pressure, i.e., the pressure of the compressed air supplied at the compressor outlet, and κ the polytropic exponent of the compressor, which is specifically 1.2. Thus, an additional regeneration airflow is provided independently of the pneumatic system's venting, enabling faster regeneration of the air dryer and further increasing the flexibility of the compressed air supply system and its operational readiness.
[0015] Further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims, which further develop the concept of the invention with regard to advantageous features within the scope of the problem statement and with regard to further advantages.
[0016] Preferably, the second regeneration path includes a bypass line that branches off from the main pneumatic line at a junction between the compressed air connection and the air dryer and reconnects to the main pneumatic line downstream of the air dryer. The junction where the bypass line branches off from the main pneumatic line is strategically positioned between the compressed air connection and the air dryer to ensure that the compressed air flowing through the bypass line comes directly from the compressor and thus has the necessary higher temperature for regeneration. This arrangement ensures that the air dryer can be regenerated via the second regeneration path independently of the normal operation of the pneumatic system.Furthermore, the signal-conducting connection between the pneumatic switching element and the control unit enables precise control of the airflow through the bypass line by selectively blocking or opening the filling path and the second regeneration path. This ensures that the airflow is only directed through the bypass line when the second regeneration process is active, thus guaranteeing efficient use of compressed air and optimal regeneration of the air dryer.
[0017] Preferably, the pneumatic switching element comprises a distribution valve arranged at the branch point. The distribution valve enables more precise control and distribution of the compressed air flows within the pneumatic system. The distribution valve is preferably designed as a 3 / 2-way valve, meaning it has three ports and two switching positions. This type of valve is particularly advantageous because it is able to divert the air flow either to the filling path or the second regeneration path, depending on the system requirements. In the first switching position, the valve can open the filling path, thereby directing the compressed air from the compressed air port to the inlet of the air dryer to fill the pneumatic system with dried compressed air.In the second switching position, the valve can open the second regeneration path, directing compressed air from the compressed air port to the air dryer's outlet to regenerate the air dryer in the second regeneration mode. This switching function is controlled by the control unit, which sends signals to the distribution valve to activate the desired switching position.
[0018] Preferably, the bypass line connects to the main pneumatic line at a connection point between the air dryer and the compressed air supply connection. Thus, the second regeneration path is formed, at least partially, by a section of the main pneumatic line between the connection point and the air dryer's outlet. This results in a more compact compressed air supply system overall.
[0019] Preferably, the compressed air supply system has a vent line leading to a vent connection, with the vent line branching off from the main pneumatic line between the pneumatic switching element and the air dryer. The first and second regeneration air streams are vented to the environment via this vent line. Branching the vent line between the pneumatic switching element and the air dryer ensures that the regeneration air streams can be discharged directly to the environment without any detours, thus optimizing system performance and minimizing pressure loss. This is particularly important because the regeneration air streams have different temperatures, with the second regeneration air stream having a regeneration temperature above the operating temperature range. Direct venting to the environment prevents or...This reduces the cooling of the air leaving the air dryer – which is already saturated – and thus largely prevents condensation of water from the exhaust airflow. Furthermore, the exhaust duct contributes to extending the service life of the air dryer, as the efficient discharge of the regeneration airflows optimizes the regeneration of the drying granules.
[0020] Preferably, the compressed air supply system includes a first regeneration throttle located in the first regeneration path, with a first throttle cross-section. This first regeneration throttle serves to regulate the flow of the dried compressed air from the pneumatic system during the first regeneration operation by expanding the airflow through a specific cross-sectional area, thereby reducing its relative humidity. This increases the water absorption capacity of the first regeneration airflow. Furthermore, the compressed air supply system includes a second regeneration throttle located in the second regeneration path, with a second throttle cross-section. This second regeneration throttle is designed to have a smaller cross-section than the first regeneration throttle.The larger throttle cross-section in the first regeneration path allows for a higher airflow and faster regeneration of the air dryer, ensuring a sufficiently fast venting time for the pneumatic system with adequate regeneration. The smaller cross-sectional area of the second regeneration throttle, on the other hand, allows for greater expansion of the compressed air flowing through it, resulting in a greater reduction in relative humidity, thus optimizing the regeneration effect during the second regeneration cycle. In other words, the first regeneration throttle represents a compromise between the venting time of the pneumatic system and regeneration capability, while the second regeneration throttle can be optimized solely for regeneration properties.
[0021] According to another embodiment, the filling path has a first pipe length, while the second regeneration path has a second pipe length, the second pipe length being shorter than the first. The longer first pipe length in the first regeneration path allows sufficient time to cool the compressed air to the operating temperature range, thus preventing damage to the compressed air supply system, such as plastic pipes. Furthermore, the air dryer operates in a very inefficient range due to the high temperature of the incoming compressed air, as the relative humidity of the incoming compressed air is low and the water retention capacity of the granules is significantly reduced. This leads to insufficient drying, causing moisture to accumulate in the pneumatic system. The resulting corrosion then leads to corrosion damage to the valves and / or malfunctions due to freezing.The shorter second pipe length and / or insulation are crucial to ensure the highest possible regeneration temperature of the second regeneration airflow and to guarantee effective regeneration of the air dryer. Alternatively, the second regeneration path is insulated, resulting in lower heat losses compared to the filling path. In other words, the filling path forms a cooling section which, during filling operation, is designed to cool the compressed air supplied at the compressed air connection, with a compressor outlet temperature, to a drying temperature within the operating temperature range before proceeding to the inlet. This cooling section plays a vital role in preparing the compressed air for filling operation by reducing its temperature to the operating temperature range optimized for the compressed air supply system – particularly the air dryer.Additionally, the second regeneration path forms a temperature maintenance section, which, during the second regeneration cycle, is designed to guide the compressed air supplied at the compressed air connection to the outlet opening while maintaining at least the regeneration temperature. This temperature maintenance section ensures that the compressed air maintains the necessary high temperature throughout the entire regeneration process to enable effective regeneration of the air dryer. Preferably, the length of the first line is at least twice the length of the second line. The specific length distribution of the lines also contributes to optimizing temperature control.
[0022] Preferably, the air dryer comprises a first side surface facing the compressor, on which the outlet opening is located, and a second side surface facing away from the compressor, on which the inlet opening is located. This specific arrangement of the inlet and outlet openings of the air dryer enables more efficient drying of the compressed air supplied to the pneumatic system. By arranging the inlet opening on the side surface facing away from the compressor, the inlet temperature of the compressed air to be dried is reduced, thereby optimizing its drying process due to the lower temperature of the drying granules.
[0023] The invention solves the aforementioned problem in a second aspect by means of a compressed air supply system according to claim 10 for a pneumatic system, in particular for a pneumatic system according to the first aspect of the invention. Due to the provision of a second regeneration path that can be switched on as needed, the pneumatic system benefits from the advantages mentioned at the outset with regard to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and preferred embodiments according to the first aspect of the invention are also advantages and preferred embodiments according to the second aspect of the invention, and vice versa.
[0024] The invention solves the aforementioned problem in a third aspect by means of a vehicle, in particular a passenger car, according to claim 11. The vehicle comprises a pneumatic system according to the first aspect of the invention. By means of a corresponding pneumatic system with a compressed air supply system according to the first aspect of the invention, the vehicle, according to the third aspect of the invention, benefits from the advantages mentioned at the outset with regard to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and preferred embodiments of the compressed air supply system according to the first aspect of the invention are also advantages and preferred embodiments of the vehicle according to the third aspect of the invention.
[0025] The invention solves the aforementioned problem by means of a method according to claim 12 for operating a pneumatic system, in particular a pneumatic system according to the first aspect of the invention. The method comprises the following steps: - Operating the compressed air supply system in a first regeneration mode to regenerate the air dryer, in which a first regeneration path connects the compressed air supply connection with the outlet opening to receive a first regeneration airflow with dried compressed air from the pneumatic system, - Controlling a pneumatic switching element for selective operation of the compressed air supply system in a second regeneration mode or a filling mode with the following sub-steps: - Operating the compressed air supply system in filling mode, in which the filling path connects the compressed air connection to the air dryer for filling the pneumatic system with compressed air, - Operating the compressed air supply system in the second regeneration mode for the regenerating air dryer, in which a second regeneration path connects the compressed air connection with the outlet opening to receive a second regeneration airflow with a regeneration temperature that is above the operating temperature range.
[0026] By operating in the second regeneration mode, the method takes advantage of the benefits described above with regard to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and preferred embodiments according to the first aspect of the invention are likewise advantages and preferred embodiments of the method according to the fourth aspect of the invention, and vice versa.
[0027] Preferably, the filling path has a first pipe length and the second regeneration path has a second pipe length that is longer than the first pipe length, or the second regeneration path has pipe insulation such that the filling path forms a cooling section, wherein operation during filling includes cooling the compressed air supplied at the compressed air connection at the compressor outlet temperature to a drying temperature that is within the operating temperature range. More preferably, the second regeneration path forms a temperature maintenance section, and operation during regeneration includes directing the compressed air supplied at the compressed air connection to the outlet opening while maintaining at least the regeneration temperature.
[0028] Preferably, the regeneration temperature is at least 60°C, particularly at least 65°C, and most preferably between 70°C and 100°C. More preferably, the compressor outlet temperature, particularly after a minimum operating time of 1 minute, is at least 100°C, preferably at least 150°C. Furthermore, the operating temperature range extends to a maximum of 80°C.
[0029] Embodiments of the invention are now described below with reference to the drawings and comparison with the prior art, some of which is also shown. These drawings are not necessarily to scale; rather, where explanatory, they are presented in a schematic and / or slightly distorted form. For further details regarding the teachings directly apparent from the drawings, reference is made to the relevant prior art. It should be noted that numerous modifications and changes concerning the form and details of an embodiment can be made without deviating from the general idea of the invention. The features of the invention disclosed in the description, the drawings, and the claims can be essential for the further development of the invention, both individually and in any combination.Furthermore, the invention encompasses all combinations of at least two of the features disclosed in the description, the drawing, and / or the claims. The general idea of the invention is not limited to the exact shape or detail of the preferred embodiment shown and described below, nor is it limited to an object that would be restricted compared to the object claimed in the claims. Where specified dimensioning ranges are given, values lying within the stated limits are also disclosed as limit values and may be used and claimed as desired.
[0030] Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments and from the drawing; this shows in: Fig. 1: a pneumatic system with a compressed air supply system according to a first preferred embodiment, schematically; Fig. 2: a pneumatic system with a compressed air supply system according to a second preferred embodiment, schematically; Fig. 3: a pneumatic system with a compressed air supply system according to a third preferred embodiment schematically; Fig. 4: a pneumatic system with a compressed air supply system according to a fourth preferred embodiment, schematically; Fig. 5: a vehicle schematically according to a preferred embodiment; Fig. 6: a method for operating the pneumatic system according to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 to Fig. 4 according to a preferred embodiment.
[0031] Fig. Figure 1 shows a pneumatic PS with a compressed air supply system 1000 and a pneumatic system 300 connected to the compressed air supply system 1000.
[0032] The compressed air supply system 200 has a compressed air connection 1 for connection to a compressor 100 and also a compressed air supply connection 2, to which the pneumatic system 300 is connected for receiving dried compressed air DL'. The compressed air supply system 200 and the compressor 100 form the compressed air supply system 1000.
[0033] The compressor 100 comprises a reciprocating piston unit 110 and a motor 120 for driving the reciprocating pistons 110. The compressor 100 is connected via a suction line 10 to a combined suction and vent port 0 / 3 for drawing in compressed air DL from the environment A and compressing it to an operating pressure pB. The compressor 100 is configured to supply the compressed air DL, compressed by the reciprocating piston unit 110, to the compressed air port 1. The compressed air supply system 200 is connected to the compressed air port 1 to receive the compressed compressed air DL.
[0034] The compressed air supply system 200 comprises a pneumatic main line 21, which extends from the compressed air connection 1 to the compressed air supply connection 2, and an air dryer 5 arranged in the pneumatic main line 21. The air dryer 5 is in particular a regenerative absorption air dryer.
[0035] The air dryer 5 has an inlet opening 51 and an outlet opening 52 and is filled with drying granules 53. A regeneration throttle D, which in this case is a main line throttle 7, is also arranged between the air dryer 5 and the compressed air supply connection 2.
[0036] The main pneumatic line 21 is connected via a vent line 13 with a combined intake and vent port 0 / 3. The vent line 13 branches off from the main pneumatic line 21 between a pneumatic switching element 230 and the air dryer 5. A vent valve EV is arranged in the vent line 13. The vent valve EV is preferably a pneumatic switching valve that is controlled by a pilot valve SEV.
[0037] The intake line 10 and the vent line 13 terminate in a common line section 11, in which an air filter 0.1 is arranged. However, separate intake and exhaust venting is also possible within the scope of the invention.
[0038] To vent the pneumatic system 300, RB1 is used in the first regeneration cycle (see below). Fig. 6) Dried compressed air DL' is directed in a venting direction, i.e., counterflow G against the filling direction B, from the compressed air supply connection 2 into the pneumatic main line 21 and first flows through the throttle assembly D. The throttle assembly D expands the counterflowing dry compressed air DL' and thus reduces its relative humidity before the dry compressed air DL' flows into the air dryer 5. In the air dryer 5, the dry compressed air DL' absorbs some of the moisture bound in a drying granulate 53 and is then released to the environment A via the vent line 13.
[0039] The compressed air supply system 200 further comprises a first regeneration path 211.1, which connects the compressed air supply connection 2 to the outlet opening 52 of the air dryer 5, and a second regeneration path 211.2, which connects the compressed air connection 1 to the outlet opening 52 of the air dryer 5. The compressed air supply system 200 also comprises a filling path 210, which connects the compressed air connection 1 to the inlet opening 51 and in which the air dryer 5 is arranged.
[0040] The filling path 210 is set up to operate in filling mode BB (see below). Fig. 6) To route compressed air DL through the air dryer 5 and to provide it as dried compressed air DL' at the compressed air supply connection 2 for pneumatic system 300.
[0041] The first regeneration path 211.1 is designed to connect the compressed air supply connection 2 with the outlet opening 52 of the air dryer 5 during the first regeneration operation RB1 in order to generate a first regeneration airflow RL1 (see Fig. 6) to receive dried compressed air DL' from the pneumatic system 300.
[0042] The second regeneration path 211.2 is set up to operate in the second regeneration mode RB2 (see below). Fig. 6) to connect the compressed air connection 1 to the outlet opening 52 in order to create a second regeneration air flow RL2 (see Fig. 6) with a regeneration temperature T R to receive temperatures above the operating temperature range T BThe second regeneration path 211.2 comprises a bypass line 20, which branches off from the main pneumatic line 21 at a junction Z1 between the compressed air connection 1 and the air dryer 5. The bypass line 20 connects to the main pneumatic line 21 at a connection point AN1 between the air dryer 5 and the compressed air supply connection 2.
[0043] The air dryer 5 has a first side surface 5.1 facing the compressor 100, on which the inlet opening 51 is arranged, and a second side surface 5.2 facing away from the compressor 100, on which the outlet opening 52 is arranged.
[0044] A pneumatic switching element 230, which is connected to the control unit ECU via a signal conductor, is configured at least for the selective blocking or enabling of the filling path 210 and the second regeneration path 211.2. The switching element 230 comprises a distribution valve 231 arranged at the branch point Z1, which is preferably designed as a 3 / 2-way valve 232. Alternatively, the use of other solenoid valves, such as 2 / 2-way valves, is also possible.
[0045] The vent line 13 to the vent connection 3 branches off from the main pneumatic line 21 between the pneumatic switching element 230 and the air dryer 5, so that the first regeneration air flow RL1 and the second regeneration air flow RL2 can be vented into the environment A via the vent line 13.
[0046] The pneumatic system 300 is configured as an air spring system 303. The pneumatic system 300 has a gallery 301 from which several pneumatic lines 331, 332, 333, and 334 extend, each of which can be selectively shut off by a line valve 311, 312, 313, and 314. Air spring bellows FL, FR, RL, and RR are connected to each of the pneumatic lines 331, 332, 333, and 334, respectively, to be filled with dried compressed air DL' via the compressed air supply system 200. A pressure sensor 320 is also connected to the gallery 301, which monitors the pressure in the gallery 301.
[0047] The pneumatic system 300 also includes a reservoir 410 for the intermediate storage of dried compressed air DL' from the compressed air supply system 200. The reservoir 410 is connected to the gallery 301 via a storage line 401 with a storage switching valve 440 arranged therein.
[0048] The valves 311, 312, 313, 314, 440, and the pressure sensor 320 are combined here in a valve block 310 as part of the pneumatic system 300.
[0049] Fig. 2, Fig. 3 to Fig. Figure 4 shows variations of the PS pneumatic system. Identical or similar components have identical reference numerals, and only differences regarding the depicted embodiments are discussed.
[0050] Fig. Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of the pneumatic system PS. Identical or similar components have identical reference numerals, and only differences between the embodiments are discussed.
[0051] Fig. Figure 2 shows a different configuration of the bypass line and an offset arrangement of connection point AN1. In this case, bypass line 20 connects to the main pneumatic line 21 at connection point AN1 between the main line throttle 7 and the air dryer 5. Thus, bypass line 20 connects to the main pneumatic line at connection point AN1 adjacent to the outlet opening 52 of the air dryer 5, so that the compressed air DL, which is routed from the compressed air connection 1 to the air dryer 5 via the second regeneration path 211.2, is not routed through the main line throttle 7. To depressurize the second regeneration airflow RL2 (see Figure 2), the bypass line 20 connects to the main pneumatic line 21. Fig. 6) A regeneration throttle 8 is therefore arranged in the bypass line 20. Alternatively, the throttle can also be arranged between the connection point AN1 and the outlet opening 52 of the air dryer 5.
[0052] Preferably, the second regeneration path 211.2 has a conductor insulation 211.2a.
[0053] Fig. Figure 3 shows a third embodiment of the pneumatic system PS. Identical or similar components have identical reference numerals, and only differences between the embodiments are discussed.
[0054] Fig. Figure 3 shows a different arrangement of the air dryer 5 and, consequently, a different routing of the pneumatic main line 21.
[0055] The air dryer 5 features in Fig. 3 the first side surface 5.1 facing the compressor 100, on which the outlet opening 52 is located, and the second side surface 5.2 facing away from the compressor 100, on which the inlet opening 51 is located. Thus, the regeneration of the air dryer benefits from the waste heat from the compressor on the side 52 of the air dryer 5 facing the compressor 100, on which the first regeneration airflow RL1 or the second regeneration airflow RG2 (see Figure 3) is located. Fig. 6) is guided through the outlet opening 52 in counterflow G through the air dryer 5.
[0056] Furthermore, the filling path 210 indicates Fig. 3 Advantageously, a first line length L1 and the second regeneration path 211.2 a second line length L2, which is shorter than the first line length L1, such that the filling path 210 forms a cooling section 210a, which in filling operation BB is configured to cool the compressed air DL supplied at the compressed air connection 1 with a compressor outlet temperature Tv to a drying temperature T T within the operating temperature range T B to the inlet opening 51. The second regeneration path 211.2 forms a temperature holding section 211a, which in the second regeneration operation BR2 is configured to maintain at least the regeneration temperature T supplied at the compressed air connection 1. Rto the outlet opening 52. The regeneration temperature T R lies above the drying temperature T T .
[0057] A first main line section 21A connects the distribution valve 231 to connection point AN1. The main line throttle 7 is arranged in a second main line section 21B, which extends between the outlet opening 52 of the air dryer 5 and connection point A1.
[0058] Fig. Figure 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the pneumatic system PS. Identical or similar components have identical reference numerals, and only differences between the embodiments are discussed.
[0059] Fig. Figure 4 shows a different configuration of the regeneration throttle arrangement D. In this case, it comprises the main line throttle 7 in the second main line section 21B and a regeneration throttle 8, which is arranged in the bypass line 20.
[0060] The regeneration throttle arrangement D of the compressed air supply system 200 comprises a first regeneration throttle 7 with a first throttle cross-section Q1, located in the first regeneration path 211.1, in this case in the second main line section 21B, and a second regeneration throttle 8 with a second throttle cross-section Q2, located in the second regeneration path 211.2, in this case the bypass line 20, wherein the second throttle cross-section Q2 is preferably smaller than the first throttle cross-section Q1. Nominal diameters for Q2 of 0.6 mm to 0.8 mm would be optimal for regeneration. Q1 can be in the range of 1.2 to 2 mm.
[0061] Fig. Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of a vehicle FZ. The vehicle FZ is specifically a passenger car P, which includes a pneumatic system PS and a control unit ECU. The control unit ECU is configured to control the pneumatic system PS.
[0062] Fig. Figure 6 shows a flowchart of a procedure 2000, which describes the operation of a pneumatic system PS according to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 to Fig. 4 illustrates.
[0063] The process 2000 begins in a first step 2100 by operating the compressed air supply system 1000 in the first regeneration mode RB1, providing the first regeneration air stream RL1. In this step, the compressed air supply system 1000 is operated to regenerate the air dryer 5 with dry compressed air DL, which is vented from the pneumatic system 300 via the compressed air supply connection. The first regeneration path 211.1 connects the compressed air supply connection 2 to the outlet opening 52 to receive the dried compressed air DL' from the pneumatic system 300.
[0064] In one step, the system is transferred to the second step 2200, which includes controlling a pneumatic switching element 230 for the selective operation of the compressed air supply system 1000 in a second regeneration mode RB2 or a filling mode BB. A temporal sequence of the first and second steps is not required.
[0065] In the first selectively controllable step 2210, the compressed air supply system 1000 is operated in filling mode BB. Here, the filling path 210 connects the compressed air connection 1 to the air dryer 5 to fill the pneumatic system 300 with dried compressed air DL'. A first sub-step 2211 within this step involves cooling 2211 the compressed air DL supplied at the compressed air connection 1 with the compressor outlet temperature Tv to a drying temperature T. T , which are within the operating temperature range T B lies. The following applies: T T < TV.
[0066] In the second selectively controllable step 2220, the compressed air supply system 1000 is operated in the second regeneration mode RB2. In this operating mode, the second regeneration path 211.2 connects the compressed air connection 1 to the outlet opening 52 to provide a second regeneration airflow RL2 with a regeneration temperature T R , which are above the operating temperature range T B is to receive. A sub-step 2221 within this step comprises directing 2221 the compressed air DL supplied at the compressed air connection 1 to the outlet opening 52 while maintaining at least the regeneration temperature T. R .
[0067] In summary, the invention relates to a pneumatic system for a vehicle, comprising a compressed air supply system with a compressor (100) and a compressed air supply unit, an attached pneumatic system, and a control device. The compressed air supply unit is equipped with a filling path for filling the pneumatic system during a filling operation, a first regeneration path for regenerating the air dryer during a first regeneration operation with a first regeneration airflow that is vented from the pneumatic system, and a second regeneration path for regenerating the air dryer during a second regeneration operation with a second regeneration airflow directly from a compressor of the compressed air supply system, which has a regeneration temperature above the operating temperature range.The compressed air supply system comprises a pneumatic switching element connected to the control unit for selectively blocking / enabling the filling path and the second regeneration path. The invention further relates to a compressed air supply system, a vehicle, and an operating method.
[0068] Other variations of the disclosed embodiments can be understood and carried out by a person skilled in the art when carrying out the claimed invention with reference to the drawings, the disclosure and the accompanying claims.
[0069] In the claims, the word "comprehensive" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality.
[0070] A single unit or device can perform the functions of several elements listed in the claims. The fact that certain measures are listed in different interdependent claims does not mean that a combination of these measures cannot be advantageous.
[0071] Any reference numerals in the claims are not to be understood as limiting the scope of application. Reference symbol list (part of the description) 0 / 3 combined intake and exhaust port 0.1 Air filter 1 compressed air connection 2 compressed air supply connections 5 air dryers 5.1 First side surface, facing the compressor 5.2 second side surface, facing away from the compressor 7 first regeneration throttle 8 second regeneration throttle 10 Intake pipe 11 common conductor section 13 Vent line 20 Bypass lines 21 Pneumatic main line 21A first main line section 21B second main line section 21C third main line section 53 Drying granule filling 51 Entrance opening 52 Outlet opening 100 compressors 110 piston units 110.1 first compressor stage 110.2 second compressor stage 120 engine 200 compressed air supply system 210 Filling path 210a Cooling section 211.1 First regeneration pathway 211a Temperature holding section 211.2 second regeneration pathway 211.2a Cable insulation 230 pneumatic switching element 231 Distribution valve 232 3 / 2-way valve 300 pneumatic systems 303 Level control system 1000 compressed air supply system ECU control unit Vehicle P Passenger cars PS Pneumatic System EV vent valve SEV control valve G Countercurrent B Filling direction BB Filling Plant RB1 first regeneration operation RB2 second regeneration cycle RL1 first regeneration airflow RL2 second regeneration airflow DL compressed air DL' dried compressed air TV compressor outlet temperature T B Operating temperature range T Ein Filling temperature T Aus Venting temperature T T Drying temperature T R Regeneration temperature A surroundings Z1 Junction AN1 junction Q1 first throttle cross-section Q2 second throttle cross-section QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION
[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature
[0000] DE 3919438 A1
[0006] DE 10 2004 056 883 A1
[0007]
Claims
Pneumatic system (PS) for a vehicle (FZ), in particular a passenger car (P), comprising: - a compressed air supply system (1000) for providing dry compressed air (DL') at a compressed air supply port (2), - a pneumatic system (300), in particular a level control system (303), connected to the compressed air supply port (2), which is configured to receive dry compressed air (DL') at the compressed air supply port (2) and to vent dry compressed air (DL') via the compressed air supply port (2) into the compressed air supply system (1000), wherein the dry compressed air (DL') provided at the compressed air supply port (2) has a filling temperature (Tein) and the dry compressed air (DL') vented from the pneumatic system (300) has a venting temperature (Taus) that are within an operating temperature range (TB), and - a control unit (ECU) for controlling the compressed air supply system (1000) is set up,wherein the compressed air supply system (1000) comprises: - a compressor (100) for supplying compressed air (DL) with a compressor outlet temperature (Tv), - a compressed air supply system (200) with a compressed air connection (1) for connection to the compressor (100), the compressed air supply connection (2), a pneumatic main line (21) extending from compressed air connection (1) to compressed air supply connection (2), and an air dryer (5) arranged in the pneumatic main line (21) with an inlet opening (51) and an outlet opening (52), wherein the compressed air supply system (200) comprises a filling path (210) configured to connect the compressed air connection (1) to the inlet opening (51) for filling the pneumatic system (300) in a filling operation (BB), and a first regeneration path (211.1) configured toto regenerate the air dryer (5) in a first regeneration operation (BR1) the compressed air supply connection (2) to the outlet opening (52) to receive a first regeneration airflow (RL1) with dried compressed air (DL') from the pneumatic system (300), characterized in that the compressed air supply system (200) has a second regeneration path (211.2) which is configured to connect the compressed air connection (1) to the outlet opening (52) to receive a second regeneration airflow (RL2) with a regeneration temperature (TR) that is above the operating temperature range (TB) for the regenerating air dryer (5) in a second regeneration operation (BR2), and that the compressed air supply system (200) has a pneumatic switching element (230) connected to the control unit (ECU) via a signal conductor.which is equipped at least for the selective blocking or enabling of the filling path (210) and the second regeneration path (211.2). Pneumatic system (PS) according to claim 1, wherein the second regeneration path (211.2) comprises a bypass line (20) branching off from the pneumatic main line (21) at a junction (Z1) between the compressed air connection (1) and the air dryer (5). Pneumatic system (PS) according to claim 2, wherein the pneumatic switching element (230) comprises a distribution valve (231) arranged at the branch point (Z1), which is preferably designed as a 3 / 2-way valve (232). Pneumatic system (PS) at least according to claim 3, wherein the bypass line (20) connects to the pneumatic main line (21) at a connection point (AN1) between the air dryer (5) and the compressed air supply connection (2). Pneumatic system (PS) at least according to claim 3, wherein the compressed air supply system (200) has a vent line (13) to a vent connection (3) which branches off from the main pneumatic line (21) between the pneumatic switching element (230) and the air dryer (5) and through which the first regeneration air flow (RL1) and the second regeneration air flow (RL2) are vented into the environment (A). Pneumatic system (PS) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the compressed air supply system (200) has a first regeneration throttle (7) arranged in the first regeneration path (211.1) with a first throttle cross-section (Q1) and a second regeneration throttle (8) arranged in the second regeneration path (211.2) with a second throttle cross-section (Q2), wherein the second throttle cross-section (Q2) is smaller than the first throttle cross-section (Q1). Pneumatic system (PS) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the filling path (210) has a first line length (L1) and the second regeneration path (211.2) has a second line length (L2) that is shorter than the first line length (L1), such that the filling path (210) forms a cooling section (210a) which, in filling mode (BB), is configured to direct compressed air (DL) supplied at the compressed air connection (1) with a compressor outlet temperature (Tv) to the inlet opening (51) while cooling it to a drying temperature (TT) within the operating temperature range (TB), and the second regeneration path (211.2) forms a temperature maintenance section (211a) which, in the second regeneration mode (BR2), is configured to direct compressed air (DL) supplied at the compressed air connection (1) to the outlet opening (52) while maintaining at least the regeneration temperature (TR). lead, or wherein the second regeneration path (211.2) has a conductor insulation (211.2a). Pneumatic system (PS) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first line length (L1) is at least twice the second line length (L2). Pneumatic system (PS) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the air dryer (5) has a first side surface (5.1) facing the compressor (100) on which the outlet opening (52) is arranged and a second side surface (5.2) facing away from the compressor (100) on which the inlet opening (51) is arranged. Compressed air supply system for a pneumatic system (PS) of a vehicle (FZ), in particular for a pneumatic system (PS) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the compressed air supply system (1000) is configured to provide dried compressed air (DL') for a pneumatic system (300), in particular a level control system (303), which can be connected via a compressed air supply port (2), and to receive dried compressed air (DL') vented from the pneumatic system (300) via the compressed air supply port (2), and wherein the dried compressed air (DL') provided at the compressed air supply port (2) has a filling temperature (Tein) and the dry compressed air (DL') vented from the pneumatic system (300) has a venting temperature (Taus) which are within an operating temperature range (TB), wherein the compressed air supply system (1000) comprises: - a compressor (100) for providing compressed air (DL) with a Compressor outlet temperature (Tv),- a compressed air supply system (200) with a compressed air connection (1) for connection to the compressor (100), the compressed air supply connection (2), a pneumatic main line (21) extending from the compressed air connection (1) to the compressed air supply connection (2), and an air dryer (5) arranged in the pneumatic main line (21) with an inlet opening (51) and an outlet opening (52), wherein the compressed air supply system (200) has a filling path (210) configured to connect the compressed air connection (1) to the inlet opening (51) for filling the pneumatic system (300) in a filling operation (BB), and a first regeneration path (211.1) configured to connect the compressed air supply connection (2) to the outlet opening (52) for receiving a first regeneration of the air dryer (5) in a first regeneration operation (BR1). to connect the regeneration airflow (RL1) with dried compressed air (DL') from the pneumatic system (300),characterized in that the compressed air supply system (200) has a second regeneration path (211.2) which is configured to connect the compressed air connection (1) to the outlet opening (52) for receiving a second regeneration air flow (RL2) with a regeneration temperature (TR) above the operating temperature range (TB) to the regenerating air dryer (5) in a second regeneration operation (BR2), and that the compressed air supply system (200) has a pneumatic switching element (230) which can be connected to a control unit (ECU) via a signal transmission and which is configured at least for selectively blocking or enabling the filling path (210) and the second regeneration path (211.2). Vehicle (FZ), in particular passenger car (P), with a pneumatic system (PS) according to one of claims 1 to 9 . Method (2000) for operating a pneumatic system (PS), in particular a pneumatic system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method (2000) comprises the steps: - operating (2100) the compressed air supply system (1000) in a first regeneration operation (RB1) for regenerating the air dryer (5), in which a first regeneration path (211.1) connects the compressed air supply connection (2) with the outlet opening (52) to receive a first regeneration airflow (RL1) with dried compressed air (DL') from the pneumatic system (300), - actuating (2200) a pneumatic switching element (230) for selective operation of the compressed air supply system (1000) in a second regeneration mode (RB2) or a filling mode (BB) with the following sub-steps: - operating (2210) the compressed air supply system (1000) in filling mode (BB), in which the filling path (210) connects the compressed air connection (1) to the air dryer (5) to fill the pneumatic system (300) with compressed air (DL), - operating (2220) the compressed air supply system (1000) in the second regeneration mode (RB2) to regenerate the air dryer (5), in which a second Regeneration pathway (211.2) connects the compressed air connection (1) to the outlet opening (52) to receive a second regeneration air flow (RL2) with a regeneration temperature (TR) that is above the operating temperature range (TB). Method (2000) according to claim 12, wherein the filling path (210) has a first line length (L1) and the second regeneration path (211.2) has a second line length (L2) which is longer than the first line length (L1), such that the filling path (210) forms a cooling section (210a), wherein the operation (2210) in filling mode (BB) comprises cooling (2211) the compressed air (DL) supplied at the compressed air connection (1) with the compressor outlet temperature (Tv) to a drying temperature (TT) which is within the operating temperature range (TB). Method (2000) according to claim 13 wherein the second regeneration path (211.2) forms a temperature holding section (211a), and the operation (2220) in regeneration mode (BR) comprises guiding (2221) the compressed air (DL) provided at the compressed air connection (1) to the outlet opening (52) while maintaining at least the regeneration temperature (TR). Method (2000) according to claim 14, wherein the regeneration temperature (TR) is at least 60°C, in particular at least 65°C, particularly preferably 70°C to 100°C, and / or wherein the compressor outlet temperature (TV) is at least 100°C, preferably at least 150°C, and / or wherein the operating temperature range (TB) extends to a maximum of 80°C.