Method for determining a switching state of a parking lock, method for operating a vehicle, device for data processing, computer program, computer-readable data carrier and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a method (26) for determining a switching state of a parking lock (2) having the features of claim 1, a method (27) for operating a vehicle (1) having the features of claim 8, a device (3) for data processing having the features of claim 9, a computer program (5) having the features of claim 10, a computer-readable data carrier (4) having the features of claim 11 and a vehicle (1) having the features of claim 12.

Description

Technical FieldThe invention relates to a method for determining a switching state of a parking lock, to a method for operating a vehicle, to a device for data processing, to a computer program, to a computer-readable data carrier and to a vehicle.Prior ArtDE 10 2018 006 098 A1 relates to a parking lock module with a position sensor, wherein the position sensor is provided to determine a switching state of a parking lock of the parking lock module.The document DE 10 2022 206 205 A1 relates to a method for monitoring the movement of an actuating piston for engaging or disengaging a parking lock of a vehicle.The disadvantage of the devices in the prior art is in particular that alternatives are missing.Presentation of the Invention, Object, Solution, AdvantagesIt is the object of the present invention to provide a solution which at least partially overcomes the disadvantages mentioned at the beginning.The object is achieved by the subject matters of the independent claims. Embodiments disclosed for the method for establishing a switching state of a parking lock can of course also be transferred to the method for operating a vehicle, the device for data processing, the computer program and the computer-readable data carrier, and vice versa.An exemplary embodiment of the invention relates to a method having the features of claim 1. the method according to the invention is in particular a method for establishing a switching state of a parking lock, comprising:receiving measurement data, wherein the measurement data is acoustic data and / or acceleration data,determining a switching state of the parking lock on the basis of the measurement data.This at least partially overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned at the beginning. In other words, the switching state of the parking lock can be determined without a position signal or without a position sensor or can be determined without a position sensor. The switching state of the parking lock can also be determined independently of a position signal or a position sensor, even if such a position sensor should be present in order to determine the switching state.It is particularly advantageous if the method serves to prevent component damage, in particular component damage on the parking lock and / or on components which interact with the parking lock.It is also advantageous if the parking lock comprises a parking lock mechanism and / or an actuator. The parking lock mechanism can preferably be transferred by means of the actuator from one switching state into a further switching state and back again. The actuator is preferably an electric actuator which in particular comprises an electric motor which is particularly preferably designed as a permanently excited synchronous machine or as stepper motors or as a mechanically commutated DC motor.Furthermore, it is preferred if the parking lock, in particular the parking lock mechanism and / or the actuator, comprises a position sensor, by means of which the switching state of the parking lock can be determined. Such a position sensor or the position sensor will be discussed in more detail elsewhere. However, such a position sensor is not absolutely necessary due to the method according to the invention and the devices according to the invention.In principle, it is preferred if, within the scope of the disclosure of the invention, the term parking lock, in particular the parking lock mechanism and / or the actuator, can be meant.The parking lock is preferably designed in such a way that a locked state is present in a first switching state and / or an unlocked state is present in a second switching state by means of the parking lock. Preferably, by means of the locked state, a state is meant in which a drive, in particular of a vehicle, is blocked. Preferably, by means of the unlocked state, a state is meant in which a drive, in particular of a vehicle, is free of blocking. The locked state may also mean a parking state of the vehicle. Preferably, the locked state can be understood to mean a state in which a vehicle is prevented from rolling away unintentionally. Blocking or blocking preferably means mechanical blocking or blocking.However, the switching state to be determined by the method can preferably be an irregular switching state which preferably differs from the first and from the second switching state.Preferably, the determination of the switching state comprises a determination of the switching state. The switching state is preferably established if the values of the measurement data are below or above a threshold value. The switching state is preferably established if the values of the measurement data are above a first threshold value and below a second threshold value.The switching state is preferably established if the values of the measurement data correspond or at least resemble values of comparison data which are characteristic of the switching state. These comparison data can have been determined experimentally beforehand and in particular stored on a storage medium.A preferred exemplary embodiment is characterized in that the switching state is a switching state which corresponds to an incomplete locking state of the parking lock.It is also preferable for the irregular switching state to be the incomplete blocking state.In other words, it is a method for ascertaining a switching state of a parking lock that corresponds to an incomplete locking state of the parking lock, or for ascertaining an irregular switching state.In addition, it is advantageous if the incomplete locking state corresponds to a state of the parking lock in which a drive which can be locked or blocked by means of the parking lock is not locked or blocked, but the parking lock is in mechanical contact with the drive, so that damage to the drive or the parking lock can be caused by operation of the drive in the incomplete locking state of the parking lock.In other words, a switching state of the parking lock that can cause damage can be determined by means of the method according to the invention.It is furthermore advantageous if the drive is a component or a subassembly of a drive train or of a drive train of a vehicle. The drive can preferably be a transmission or an electric traction motor.A further preferred exemplary embodiment is characterized in that the measurement data are determined by means of an acceleration sensor and / or an acoustic sensor.It is also preferable if vibrations and / or structure-borne sound, in particular of components or assemblies of the parking lock and / or of the drive, can be measured or are measured by means of the acceleration sensor, in order preferably to determine the measurement data. For this purpose, it is preferred if the acceleration sensor is arranged, in particular directly, on the components or assemblies. Independently of this, a plurality of acceleration sensors can be provided.In addition, it is advantageous if sound, in particular emitted by components or assemblies of the parking lock and / or of the drive, can be measured or are measured by means of the acoustic sensor in order preferably to determine the measurement data. For this purpose, it is preferred if the acoustic sensor is arranged in the vicinity, in particular in the immediate vicinity, of the components or assemblies. Independently of this, a plurality of acoustic sensors can be provided.Furthermore, it is advantageous if both acceleration sensor and acoustic sensor are used to ascertain the measurement data. More accurate measurement data can be determined as a result, and the functional reliability of the method is thereby increased.The acoustic sensor is preferably a microphone.The acceleration sensor is preferably a sensor with piezo elements or a capacitive acceleration sensor.A further preferred exemplary embodiment is characterized in that the method is operated redundantly with respect to a further method, in that the further method determines the switching state of the parking lock on the basis of further measurement data, in that the further measurement data are position data which are determined in particular by means of a position sensor.It is also preferable if such a position sensor is part of the parking lock and is in particular designed to determine the position of the parking lock, whereby it is possible in particular to infer the switching state of the parking lock.In addition, it is advantageous if the method according to the invention is used when the position sensor is defective or provides implausible or erroneous position data. The method according to the invention is preferably used only if the position sensor is defective or provides implausible or erroneous position data.Furthermore, it is advantageous if the method according to the invention is used in parallel with the further method in order to increase the functional reliability and / or to check the switching states determined by means of the two methods for plausibility.A further preferred exemplary embodiment is characterized in that the acoustic data are representative of sound which arises through the parking lock and / or is characteristic of the switching state of the parking lock, and / or in that the acceleration data are representative of vibrations and / or accelerations which arise through the parking lock and / or is characteristic of the switching state of the parking lock.It is also preferable if the acoustic data is representative of a sound level and / or a temporal profile of a sound level and / or a sound frequency and / or a sound pattern. In other words, the sound can mean a sound level and / or a temporal profile of a sound level and / or a switching frequency and / or a sound pattern. The sound level and / or the temporal profile of the sound level and / or the sound frequency and / or the sound pattern can be present as values of the measurement data.In addition, it is advantageous if the acceleration data is representative of a vibration amplitude and / or a temporal profile of a vibration amplitude and / or a vibration pattern and / or a vibration frequency. The vibration amplitude and / or the temporal profile of the vibration amplitude and / or the vibration pattern and / or the vibration frequency can be present as values of the measurement data.A further preferred exemplary embodiment is characterized in that the position data is representative of a position of the parking lock which arises through the parking lock and / or is characteristic of the switching state of the parking lock.In principle, it is preferred that the terms "based" can also be understood to mean "based" and / or "dependent" and / or "in response to", and vice versa.A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the method further comprises:generating safety data on the basis of the detected switching state, wherein the safety data are in particular characteristic of an initialization of a stop of a vehicle and / or an initialization of a warning signal.This increases functional reliability and significantly reduces the risk of damage.It is also preferable if the safety data initializes a stop of the vehicle by initiating a braking process of the vehicle and / or disabling the drive of the vehicle. In addition, the vehicle may be steered to a safe location of a roadway on which the vehicle is located.Furthermore, it is advantageous if the warning signal is an acoustic and / or optical warning signal in order to warn the passengers of the vehicle and / or other vehicles, in particular drivers or passengers of other vehicles. In addition, the warning signal can also be sent to other vehicles for warning by wireless transmission in order to prevent accidents.In principle, it is preferred if the data are analog or digital.A further solution to the object is provided by the subject matter having the features of claim 8. This is preferably a method for operating a vehicle, comprising a method according to the invention for establishing a switching state of a parking lock and in particular further comprising:stopping the vehicle based on the safety data.The method for operating a vehicle thus brings the same advantages as the method for establishing a switching state of the parking lock.A further solution to the object is provided by the subject matter having the features of claim 9. It is preferably a data processing device comprising a processor configured to perform any of the methods according to the invention. Thus, the data processing apparatus has the same advantages as the method according to the invention.It is also preferable for the device for data processing to be a computer or a control device of a vehicle.A further solution to the object is provided by the subject matter having the features of claim 10. It is preferably a computer program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to execute the method according to the invention. Thus, the computer program has the same advantages as the method according to the invention.A further solution to the object is provided by the subject matter having the features of claim 11. It is preferably a computer-readable data carrier on which the computer program according to the invention is stored. Thus, the computer-readable data carrier has the same advantages as the method according to the invention.It is also preferable for the data carrier to be a non-volatile memory or a non-volatile storage medium.A further solution to the object is provided by the subject matter having the features of claim 12. It is preferably a vehicle, in particular an autonomously operable vehicle, comprising a device according to the invention for data processing and / or a computer program according to the invention and / or a computer readable data carrier according to the invention. The vehicle thus has the same advantages as the method according to the invention. In addition, a vehicle is provided which is distinguished in particular by its high functional safety and its low risk of accident.It is also preferable for the vehicle to be an electric drive vehicle. In particular, by means of autonomously operable means that the vehicle can be operated autonomously or at least parts can be operated autonomously.In principle, it is preferred if the method according to the invention for establishing a switching state of a parking lock and / or the method according to the invention for operating a vehicle are one or computer-implemented methods.Advantageous refinements of the present invention are described in the dependent claims and in the following description of the figures.Brief Description of the DrawingsThe invention is explained in detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, there are shown: FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a vehicle according to the invention, and FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a method according to the invention.Preferred Embodiment of the InventionFIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a vehicle 1 according to the invention. the vehicle 1 is an autonomously operable vehicle which comprises an electric drive. The vehicle 1 further comprises a parking lock 2 comprising a parking lock mechanism 2 boperable by means of an electric actuator 2 aof the parking lock 2. In addition, the vehicle 1 comprises a preferred embodiment of a device 3 according to the invention for data processing. The device 3 for data processing is a control device of the vehicle 1.the device 3 for data processing further comprises a preferred embodiment of a data carrier 4 according to the invention, which is designed as a non-volatile storage medium and on which a preferred embodiment of a computer program 5 according to the invention is stored. In addition, a sensor 6, which is designed as an acoustic sensor 6 or as an acceleration sensor 6, is connected in a data-transmitting manner to the device 3 for data processing in order to forward ascertained measurement data. The parking lock mechanism 2 bis designed such that it is able to mechanically block the drive train of the vehicle 1 when it is transferred into a corresponding switching state by the actuator 2 a.FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of a method 27 according to the invention for operating a vehicle. The vehicle is the vehicle from FIG. 1. method 27 for operating a vehicle comprises a preferred embodiment of a method 26 according to the invention for establishing a switching state of a parking lock. The parking lock is the parking lock from FIG. 1 ; first, a start 20 of method 26 for establishing a switching state of a parking lock takes place. In a first method step 21, measurement data is received, wherein the measurement data are acoustic data and / or acceleration data that have been determined by the sensor from FIG. 1. A second method step 22 then takes place, which comprises determining a switching state of the parking lock on the basis of the measurement data. The switching state which is determined is a switching state which corresponds to an incomplete locking state of the parking lock and thus generates vibrations or noises which are characteristic of this switching state and can be identified by means of the measurement data. As a third method step 23, the reception of measurement data is repeated if said switching state has not been determined. If the said switching state, which can cause damage to the parking lock or to the drive, has been determined, a fourth method step 24 takes place, which comprises initializing an acoustic and visual warning signal and stopping the vehicle by means of a braking process of the vehicle. After the vehicle is stationary, the method 26 for establishing a switching state of a parking lock is ended 25.The exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 have in particular no limiting character and serve merely to clarify the concept of the invention.List of reference characters1 Vehicle 2 Parking lock 2 a Aktuator 2 b Parking lock mechanism 3 Device 4 Data carrier 5 Computer program 6 Sensor, acoustic sensor, acceleration sensor 20 Start 21 First method step 22 Second method step 23 Third method step 24 Fourth method step 25 End 26 Method 27 Method

Claims

Method (26) for establishing a switching state of a parking lock (2), comprising: - receiving measurement data, wherein the measurement data is acoustic data and / or acceleration data, - determining a switching state of the parking lock (2) on the basis of the measurement data.Method (26) according to Claim 1, wherein the switching state is a switching state which corresponds to an incomplete locking state of the parking lock (2).Method (26) according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the measurement data are determined by means of an acceleration sensor (6) and / or an acoustic sensor (6).Method (26) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the method is operated redundantly with respect to a further method, wherein the further method determines the switching state of the parking lock (2) on the basis of further measurement data, wherein the further measurement data are position data which are determined in particular by means of a position sensor.Method (26) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the acoustic data are representative of sound which arises through the parking lock (2) and / or is characteristic of the switching state of the parking lock (2), and / or wherein the acceleration data are representative of vibrations and / or accelerations which arise through the parking lock (2) and / or is characteristic of the switching state of the parking lock (2).Method (26) according to Claim 4 or 5, wherein the position data is representative of a position of the parking lock (2) which arises through the parking lock (2) and / or is characteristic of the switching state of the parking lock (2).Method (26) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising: - generating safety data on the basis of the detected switching state, wherein the safety data are in particular characteristic of an initialization of a stop of a vehicle (1) and / or an initialization of a warning signal.Method (27) for operating a vehicle (1) comprising a method (26) according to claim 7, in particular further comprising: - stopping the vehicle (1) on the basis of the safety data.A data processing apparatus (3) comprising a processor configured to perform the method (26, 27) of any preceding claim.A computer program (5) comprising instructions which, when the program (5) is executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method (26, 27) according to any one of claims 1 to 8.Computer-readable data medium (4) on which the computer program (5) according to claim 10 is stored.Vehicle (1), in particular an autonomously operable vehicle (1), comprising at least one device (3, 4, 5) according to one of claims 9 to 11.

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