Sacrificial plate, fastening device with such a sacrificial plate and method for fastening by means of such a fastening device

Abstract

According to the invention, a sacrificial plate for plastic welding, in particular for a fastening device for attaching a first component to a second component, in particular a line to a support component of a motor vehicle, is provided. This plate comprises a plate-shaped base body with a sacrificial side and at least one or more energy direction sensors arranged on the sacrificial side, wherein the energy direction sensor is designed approximately as a four-sided prism with a three-sided prism integrally formed on it.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a sacrificial plate for plastic welding and a fastening device for attaching a first component to a second component, in particular a conduit to a support component, and a method for assembling such a fastening device.

[0002] Such fastening devices are designed as cable holders and have one or more receptacles for connecting one or more cables to a support component, in particular a motor vehicle.

[0003] The cable holders are designed in two parts, comprising the cable holder itself and one or more sacrificial plates that can be inserted into the cable holder. To mount such cable holders, the sacrificial plates must be inserted manually or automatically into corresponding recesses in the cable holder before use.

[0004] The sacrificial plates are flat. One or more energy direction transmitters are arranged on one side of the sacrificial plate. These energy direction transmitters have the cross-sectional shape of an isosceles or equilateral triangle.

[0005] The number of corners on the base of a prism determines its name.

[0006] The base and the top surface are parallel to each other and are polygons.

[0007] If the base is a triangle, it is called a triangular prism (A prism with a triangle as its base has 3 rectangles as its lateral surface).

[0008] If the base is a quadrilateral, it is called a four-sided Pr (A Pr with a quadrilateral as its base has 4 rectangles as its lateral surface).

[0009] If the base is a pentagon, it is called a five-sided Pr (A Pr with a pentagon as its base has 5 rectangles as its lateral surface), etc.

[0010] It is therefore named after its base area (cross-sectional area).

[0011] Two identical surfaces are not automatically the base and top surfaces.

[0012] The distance between the base and top surfaces (= body height) is the same at every point of the prism.

[0013] The given polygon is called the base, and the other congruent and parallel boundary surface is called the top surface. The sum of all other boundary surfaces is called the lateral surface. This consists of parallelograms, or, in the special case of a right prism, rectangles.

[0014] The object of the present invention is to provide a sacrificial plate for plastic welding and a fastening device for attaching a first component to a second component, in particular a line to a support component of a motor vehicle, which enable easier handling and use.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to design a sacrificial plate and a fastening device with such a sacrificial plate that enables a more secure and reliable connection of the fastening device, in particular the sacrificial plate, with a corresponding component or a line.

[0016] Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a sacrificial plate for plastic welding and a fastening device with such a sacrificial plate, which represents an alternative to devices known from the prior art.

[0017] One or more of these problems are solved by the features of independent claims 1, 5 and 10. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

[0018] According to the invention, a sacrificial plate for plastic welding, in particular for a fastening device for attaching a first component to a second component, in particular a line to a support component of a motor vehicle, is provided. This plate comprises a plate-shaped base body with a sacrificial side and at least one or more energy direction sensors arranged on the sacrificial side, wherein the energy direction sensor is designed approximately as a four-sided prism with a three-sided prism integrally formed on it. a base surface of the four-sided prism is designed as an isosceles trapezoid and forms a first section of a first end wall of the energy direction transmitter, wherein the other, congruent and parallel boundary surface is a top surface that forms a first section of a second end wall of the energy direction transmitter, and wherein the remaining boundary surfaces form a rectangular first bottom wall in the area of ​​the base body, a rectangular top wall parallel to it, and two rectangular first sections of a first and a second side wall of the energy direction transmitter inclined relative to the base body, and wherein a base surface of the triangular prism is formed as an isosceles triangle and forms a second section of the first end wall of the energy direction transmitter, wherein the other, then congruent and parallel boundary surface is a top surface that forms a second section of the second end wall of the energy direction transmitter, and wherein the remaining boundary surfaces form a rectangular second bottom wall in the area of ​​the top wall of the quadrilateral prism and two rectangular second sections of a first and a second side wall inclined to the base body.

[0019] In the context of the present invention, a line is understood to be one or more cables or a wiring harness or one or more fluid lines, particularly in a motor vehicle.

[0020] In the fastening devices or cable holders known from the prior art (2K routing clip), the corresponding sacrificial plates are designed to be flat. Furthermore, the energy direction transmitters of the sacrificial plates have a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles or an equilateral triangle.

[0021] The inventors of the present invention have recognized that such flat or straight sacrificial plates and / or energy direction transmitters designed in cross-section in the form of an isosceles or equilateral triangle require high accuracy during assembly in order to connect a conductor securely and reliably to the fastening device, which often leads to inadequate connections because the corresponding tolerances are insufficient.

[0022] Sacrificial plates are melted by plastic welding, particularly ultrasonic welding, to connect the energy direction transmitter and the sacrificial plate to a conductor or a corresponding section of such a conductor. Because such energy direction transmitters are designed in the form of an isosceles or equilateral triangle in the prior art, their cross-section has a melting section that requires a relatively high energy input due to its large volume in order to melt completely and thus form a secure connection between a conductor holder and a conductor.

[0023] In the sacrificial plate according to the invention, the energy direction transmitter(s) is designed approximately as a four-sided prism, onto which a three-sided prism is formed.

[0024] In this way, the energy direction transmitter has two distinct melting sections in cross-section, which, however, have a smaller volume or a lower accumulation of material. This makes it easier to melt a sacrificial plate according to the invention, and in particular its energy direction transmitter.

[0025] Furthermore, exact parallelism between the body to be fastened and the sacrificial plate is no longer necessary, since the simpler energy input into the smaller volume of the two melt sections, compared to a single such melt section with energy direction transmitters known from the prior art, allows for greater parallelism and thus a safer and more reliable connection.

[0026] This means that with known energy direction transmitters, they are melted until the area of ​​greatest volume is reached. It frequently happens that the energy direction transmitter is only partially melted, leaving unmelted or incompletely melted material that cannot then be used to connect the mounting device to a suitable conductor.

[0027] Furthermore, the cable to be received and the corresponding energy direction transmitter must be arranged extremely parallel to each other.

[0028] According to the invention, however, it is provided that the energy direction transmitter deviates in its shape from an isosceles or equilateral triangle, or does not have such a shape in cross-section, so that by providing a four-sided and a three-sided prism in cross-section, two areas with less material accumulation are formed, which can be melted much more easily.

[0029] The energy direction transmitter can thus be completely melted in both melting areas in a simple, safe, and reliable manner, resulting in a more uniformly formed connection area for joining a conductor. This also eliminates the need to align the sacrificial plate and the receiving conductor with exceptional parallelism, as the sacrificial plate and, in particular, the energy direction transmitter compensate for such inaccuracies or non-parallelisms.

[0030] In particular, the sacrificial plate is a component of a fastening device manufactured using a two-component injection molding process. The energy direction transmitter according to the invention (first component) compensates for the unevenness of the entire fastening device (second component), so that tight manufacturing tolerances are no longer necessary.

[0031] Furthermore, a sacrificial plate according to the invention can be easily replaced in order to adapt the fastening device or the adhesion of the sacrificial plate to different conductor materials (e.g. PA12, PA6, TPE, etc.).

[0032] The one or more energy direction transmitters can have one or more interruptions in the longitudinal direction, so that the energy direction transmitter(s) are segmented.

[0033] Several advantages are achieved through the optimization or modification of the volume or shape of the energy direction transmitter according to the invention. Due to the modified volume, welding the energy direction transmitter to a conductor or pipe results in the same or lower energy input compared to the prior art. Nevertheless, more molten metal is generated or formed, resulting in a better weld.

[0034] This is because the interruption, or rather the segmented energy direction transmitter, prevents over-welding in the interrupted area. This means that excessive energy input or melting power in the center of the energy direction transmitter, which would otherwise melt and damage the pipe itself, is reliably prevented.

[0035] One interruption can preferably be located in the middle of the energy direction transmitter(s).

[0036] Two, three, four, five, six, or more energy direction transmitters can be provided, arranged parallel to each other.

[0037] The sacrificial side of the energy direction transmitter is preferably curved, the curvature corresponding approximately to the curvature of a cross-section of a component to be recorded, so that the tip(s) of the energy direction transmitter(s) point towards the center of the cross-section of a conductor to be recorded.

[0038] Alternatively, it can also be provided that the sacrificial plates are flat.

[0039] The two rectangular first sections of the first and second side walls of the energy direction transmitter, inclined relative to the base body, can be inclined at a shallower angle relative to the plate-shaped base body, or vice versa, compared to the two rectangular second sections of the first and second side walls inclined relative to the base body.

[0040] The sacrificial plate can preferably be made of PA12, PA6 or TPE. In particular, it is provided that the material of the sacrificial plate is adapted to the material of the pipe or component to be mounted in such a way that a secure and reliable connection by welding, especially by ultrasonic welding, is possible.

[0041] Furthermore, at least on one edge area of ​​the sacrificial plate, a retaining contour for undercut-like reception in a correspondingly designed exception of a fastening device can be formed.

[0042] By providing such a retaining contour, the sacrificial plate can be permanently connected to a suitable fastening device during or after manufacturing.

[0043] In this way, a suitable fastening device can be used immediately in a pre-assembled position, without the need for further work cuts such as inserting the sacrificial plate into the fastening device before assembly.

[0044] Therefore, due to the technical features shown above, the sacrificial plate according to the invention represents an alternative to the sacrificial plates known from the prior art.

[0045] Furthermore, the sacrificial plate can also be easily replaced to adapt it to other materials used in the pipes.

[0046] Furthermore, according to the invention, a fastening device, in particular a cable holder, is provided for fastening a first component to a second component, in particular a cable to a support component of a motor vehicle, preferably with a sacrificial plate as shown above. This comprises a fastening body with a recess for receiving a sacrificial plate for plastic welding, and a sacrificial plate arranged in the recess and weldable by means of plastic welding, in particular by means of ultrasound, wherein The sacrificial plate is permanently connected to the fastening body in a pre-assembly position by means of a form-fit and / or force-fit and / or friction-fit connection.

[0047] The fastening device according to the invention thus has the advantage that the sacrificial plate is permanently connected to the fastening body of the fastening device, particularly already in a pre-assembly position during manufacturing.

[0048] The advantages of the fastening device according to the invention correspond analogously to the advantages shown above with reference to the sacrificial plate according to the invention.

[0049] The sacrificial plate can have a retaining contour along at least one lateral edge area, which can be positively engaged in a correspondingly designed undercut-like area of ​​the recess.

[0050] This ensures a permanent, captive connection between the mounting body and the sacrificial plate. Additionally and / or alternatively, the sacrificial plate can be connected to the mounting body by means of a force-fit and / or friction-fit connection.

[0051] The fastening body can preferably be made of PA66

[0052] The following are some advantageous designs of the fastening device.

[0053] The mounting body of the fastening device can be made of standard PA6 or PA6.6, and the sacrificial plate can be made of PA12. Thus, according to one embodiment, it is preferably provided that the sacrificial plate is made of a higher-grade material than the other components. Furthermore, the sacrificial plate can preferably be made of the same material as a pipe to be accommodated in the fastening device. Such a design of the fastening device is particularly suitable for accommodating a conduit or a pipe made of PA12. This means that the material of the sacrificial plate can be designed to match the material of the conduit or pipe to be accommodated in such a way that a secure and reliable connection between the mounting body and the conduit or pipe is ensured.

[0054] The fastening device can alternatively be designed as a single-component component.

[0055] The mounting body, comprising the mounting element and the sacrificial plate, can then be formed in one piece from PP including glass fiber content, e.g., PPGF30. Such a design of the mounting device is particularly suitable for accommodating a cable or a pipe made of TPV.

[0056] The mounting body, comprising the mounting element and the sacrificial plate, can then be formed in one piece from PE. Such a design of the mounting device is particularly suitable for accommodating a cable or a pipe made of PE.

[0057] In case of adhesion problems and / or stability problems with a PE pipe, the fastening device can also be designed as a 2-component component, whereby the fastening body can then be made of PP or PA6 and the sacrificial plate made of PP, possibly with glass fibers, e.g. PPGF30.

[0058] The mounting body, comprising the mounting element and the sacrificial plate, can then be formed in one piece from PA6. Such a design of the mounting device is particularly suitable for accommodating a cable or a pipe made of PA6.

[0059] The mounting body, comprising the mounting element and the sacrificial plate, can then be formed in one piece from POM. Such a design of the mounting device is particularly suitable for accommodating a cable or a pipe made of POM.

[0060] In case of adhesion problems and / or stability problems with a POM tube, the fastening device can also be designed as a 2-component component, whereby the fastening body can then be made of POM or PA6 and the sacrificial plate of TPU.

[0061] The fastening body can have at least one fastening section for connecting to a second component, in particular a line, and a receiving section for connecting to a first component, in particular a support component of a motor vehicle.

[0062] Furthermore, two or more fastening sections can be provided on the fastening body, wherein a section of the sacrificial plate is arranged in the area of ​​each fastening section, and wherein the at least two sections of the sacrificial plate can be connected to each other via a sacrificial plate connecting section.

[0063] In this way, the fastening device is easy to manufacture and enables a non-removable connection of one or more sacrificial plates with a corresponding fastening body of the fastening device.

[0064] The fastening device can be manufactured in a particularly advantageous way using a 2-component injection molding process from two different plastics.

[0065] In this way, the fastening device, comprising the fastening body and the sacrificial plate, can easily be manufactured in such a way that the sacrificial plate is permanently connected to the fastening body.

[0066] Furthermore, according to the invention, a method for fastening by means of a fastening device as described above, in particular a cable holder, is provided for fastening a first component to a second component, in particular a cable to a support component of a motor vehicle. This comprises the present steps.

[0067] Providing the fastening device with at least one sacrificial plate which is permanently connected to the fastening device in a pre-assembly position,

[0068] Inserting a conductor into a mounting section of the mounting device, and connecting the conductor to the mounting section via the sacrificial plate by means of plastic welding, in particular by means of ultrasound.

[0069] The advantages of the method according to the invention correspond analogously to the advantages shown above with reference to the sacrificial plate and the fastening device according to the invention.

[0070] The sacrificial plate, the fastening device, and the corresponding method are described in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the figures. These show in Fig. 1 A schematic perspective view of a fastening device according to the invention with two fastening sections for receiving corresponding cables, Fig. 2 a schematic perspective detail view of a sacrificial plate and a fastening section according to a first embodiment, Fig. 3 a schematic perspective detail view of the sacrificial plate and a fastening section according to a second embodiment, Fig. 4 a schematic perspective detail view of the sacrificial plate and a fastening section according to a third embodiment, Fig. 5 a schematic perspective view of the fastening device according to the invention with two fastening sections for receiving corresponding cables according to the third embodiment, Fig. 6 a further schematic perspective view of the fastening device according to the invention with two fastening sections for receiving corresponding cables according to the third embodiment, Fig. 7 a further schematic perspective view of the fastening device according to the invention with two fastening sections for receiving corresponding cables according to a fourth embodiment, Fig. 8 A schematic side view in detail showing the fastening device according to the invention with a fastening section for receiving corresponding cables according to the exemplary embodiments, Fig. 9 a schematic representation of an energy direction transmitter of a sacrificial plate known from the prior art, Fig. 10 a schematic perspective representation of an energy direction transmitter according to the present invention, and Fig. 11 a comparison between sacrificial plates known from the prior art, a sacrificial plate known from the prior art and a sacrificial plate according to the present invention.

[0071] In the following, a fastening device 1 according to the invention with a sacrificial plate 2 according to the invention is described in more detail according to a first embodiment ( Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).

[0072] The fastening device 1 is designed as a cable holder for fastening a first component to a second component, in particular a cable to a support component of a motor vehicle.

[0073] The fastening device 1 comprises a fastening body 3, which, according to the present embodiment, is approximately T-shaped.

[0074] Furthermore, the fastening body 3 has a receiving section 4 via which the fastening body 3 can be connected to a support component. According to the present embodiment, the receiving section 4 is designed as a bolt receptacle. However, the receiving section 4 can also be designed in the form of any other fastener, such as a snap-fit, screw, or other type of connection.

[0075] According to the present embodiment, the fastening device 1 is designed to accommodate two cables and accordingly has two semi-shell-shaped or ring-shaped fastening sections 5.

[0076] Each of the fastening sections 5 has a recess 6 for receiving a sacrificial plate 2.

[0077] The two recesses 6 are connected to each other via a melt channel 7, so that they can be manufactured or formed in a single step when producing the fastening device 1 using a 2-component injection molding process.

[0078] The fastening body 3 is preferably made of PA 66.

[0079] The sacrificial plates 2 and sacrificial plate 2 are described in more detail below ( Fig. 1-5).

[0080] The sacrificial plate 2 comprises an approximately plate-shaped base body 8 with a sacrificial side 9.

[0081] The sacrificial side 9 is curved in the direction of a conduit to be received, the curvature of the sacrificial side 9 corresponding approximately to the curvature of a component or conduit to be received.

[0082] Several energy direction transmitters 10 are arranged on the victim side 9.

[0083] Each of these energy direction transmitters 10 is designed approximately as a four-sided prism 11 to which a three-sided prism 12 is attached.

[0084] One base surface of the four-sided prism 11 is designed as an isosceles trapezoid and forms a first section 13 of a first end wall 27 of the energy direction transmitter 10.

[0085] The other congruent and parallel boundary surface is a cover surface that forms a first section 14 of a second end wall 28 of the energy direction transmitter 10.

[0086] The remaining boundary surfaces form a rectangular first floor wall 15 in the area of ​​the base body 8, a rectangular ceiling wall 16 parallel to it and two rectangular first sections 17, 18 of a first and a second side wall 29, 30 of the energy direction transmitter inclined relative to the base body 8.

[0087] One base surface of the triangular prism 12 is designed as an isosceles triangle and forms a second section 19 of the first end wall 27 of the energy direction transmitter 10, wherein the other, congruent and parallel boundary surface is a top surface that forms a second section 20 of the second end wall 28 of the energy direction transmitter 10.

[0088] The remaining boundary surfaces form a rectangular second bottom wall 21 in the area of ​​the top wall 16 of the four-sided prism 11 and two rectangular second sections 22, 23 of one of the first and second side walls 29, 30 inclined relative to the base body 8.

[0089] The two rectangular first sections 17, 18 of the first and second side walls 29, 30 of the energy direction transmitter 10, inclined relative to the base body 8, are inclined at a shallower angle relative to the plate-shaped base body 8 than the two rectangular second sections 22, 23 of the first and second side walls 29, 30, inclined relative to the base body 8.

[0090] A retaining contour 24, which has an approximately triangular cross-section, is provided at an edge region of the sacrificial plate 2. This retaining contour 24 is designed for a positive-locking connection with a correspondingly shaped recess 25 of the fastening device 1.

[0091] Furthermore, the fastening body 3 has a melt channel recess 26, through which the two recesses 6 for receiving the sacrificial plates 2 are connected to each other.

[0092] The energy direction transmitters known from the prior art have a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles or equilateral triangle ( Fig. 3).

[0093] These types of energy direction transmitters have a section or area with a high volume or material accumulation, which consequently requires a significantly higher energy input to melt it completely. In practice, however, this is not always achieved reliably, leading to unreliable connections between cables and fastening devices.

[0094] The energy direction transmitter 10 according to the invention, or a sacrificial plate 2 with corresponding energy direction transmitters 10, is designed in the form of a four-sided prism 11 and a three-sided prism 12 integrally formed thereon, so that two melting zones with lower material accumulation are created. These can be melted completely and reliably much more easily and, in particular, with lower energy input. This accordingly leads to a safer and more reliable connection.

[0095] In known energy direction transmitters, these are usually melted until the melting zone with the high volume is reached. However, the energy direction transmitter is usually only partially melted, so that unmelted material of the energy direction transmitter remains. Consequently, this means that a base body 8 of the energy direction transmitter 10, the sacrificial plate 2, and the component to be received must be arranged extremely flat and parallel to each other.

[0096] In contrast, the invention provides that the energy direction transmitter 10 can be melted much more easily due to the two different melting zones in the region of the four-sided and three-sided prisms 11, 12, resulting in less material accumulation. The welding energy can thus be used more efficiently to melt the entire material of the energy direction transmitter 10, which also leads to a more uniform weld surface.

[0097] The base body 8 of the sacrificial plate 2 and the energy direction transmitters 10 compensate for corresponding unevenness in this way.

[0098] Alternative embodiments of the sacrificial plate 2 according to the invention, namely a second, a third, and a fourth embodiment, are described below. Unless otherwise described, these embodiments have the same technical features as the sacrificial plate according to the first embodiment ( Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 to Fig. 8).

[0099] The one or more energy direction transmitters 10 can have one or more interruptions in the longitudinal direction, so that the energy direction transmitter(s) 10 are segmented.

[0100] One interruption can preferably be located in the middle of the energy direction transmitter(s) ( Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 to Fig. 7).

[0101] There can be two or three ( Fig. 2 and Fig. 7) or four or five ( Fig. 3, Fig. 4 to Fig. 5 and Fig. 8) or six or more energy direction transmitters arranged parallel to each other.

[0102] In Fig. Figure 9 shows an energy direction transmitter according to the state of the art. Fig. Figure 10 shows an energy direction sensor 10 according to the invention. The energy direction sensor according to the invention can, in principle, have the same volume as an energy direction sensor known from the prior art.

[0103] In the area of ​​the tip (below the third dashed line), both energy direction indicators have a first area with a small volume that requires only a little energy to melt.

[0104] The energy direction transmitter known from the prior art ( Fig. 9) has a second area (between the second and third dashed lines) which has a large volume and therefore requires a high energy input to melt.

[0105] In contrast to this second area, the energy direction transmitter according to the invention has a second area (between the second and third dashed lines) and a third area (above the first dashed line). The second and third areas of the energy direction transmitter 10 according to the invention have a smaller volume and a medium volume, respectively, compared to the second area of ​​the prior art energy direction transmitter, and therefore require less energy to melt.

[0106] This relationship in welding is also schematically represented in Fig.Figure 11 illustrates an energy direction sensor known from the prior art. It melts until it reaches the second high-volume region. In this second region, the energy direction sensor only partially or not completely melts. Therefore, unmelted material remains. This necessitates that energy direction sensors known from the prior art must be flat.

[0107] The energy direction transmitter 10 according to the invention is lighter due to its smaller volume. The applied welding energy melts more material. This results in a more uniform weld area. Furthermore, it offers the advantage that irregularities between the sacrificial plate and the object being welded can be compensated for.

[0108] Furthermore, according to the invention, a method for fastening by means of a fastening device as described above, in particular a cable holder, is provided for fastening a first component to a second component, in particular a cable to a support component of a motor vehicle. This comprises the present steps.

[0109] Providing the fastening device with at least one sacrificial plate which is permanently connected to the fastening device in a pre-assembly position, inserting a conductor into a fastening section of the fastening device, and connecting the conductor to the fastening section via the sacrificial plate by means of plastic welding, in particular by means of ultrasound. Reference symbol list 1 fastening device 2 sacrificial plate 3 Fastening bodies 4 Recording section 5 Mounting section 6 Exclusion 7 Melt channel 8 basic bodies 9 Victim's side 10 Energy Direction Generators 11 four-sided prism 12 triangular prism 13 first section first end wall 14 first section second end wall 15 first floor wall 16 Ceiling wall 17 first section first side wall 18 first section second side wall 19 second section first end wall 20 second section second end wall 21 second floor wall 22 second section first side wall 23 second section second side wall 24 Holding contour 25 Exception 26 Melt duct recess 27 first front wall 28 second front wall 29 first side wall 30 second side wall

Claims

[1] Sacrificial plate for plastic welding, in particular for a fastening device for attaching a first component to a second component, in particular a conduit to a support component, comprising a plate-shaped base body with a sacrificial side, and at least one or more energy direction transmitters arranged on the victim side, wherein the energy direction transmitter is designed approximately as a four-sided prism to which a three-sided prism is formed, wherein a base of the four-sided prism is formed as an isosceles trapezoid and forms a first section of a first end wall of the energy direction transmitter, wherein the other congruent and parallel boundary surface is a top surface that forms a first section of a second end wall of the energy direction transmitter, and wherein the remaining boundary surfaces form a rectangular first bottom wall in the region of the base body, a rectangular top wall parallel to it, and two rectangular first sections of a first and second side wall of the energy direction transmitter inclined relative to the base body, and wherein a base of the three-sided prism is formed as an isosceles triangle and forms a second section of the first end wall of the energy direction transmitter, wherein the other congruent and parallel boundary surface is a top surface.which forms a second section of the second end wall of the energy direction transmitter, and wherein the remaining boundary surfaces form a rectangular second bottom wall in the area of ​​the top wall of the four-sided prism and two rectangular second sections of a first and second side wall inclined relative to the base body. [2] Sacrificial plate according to claim 1, characterized by , that the two rectangular first sections of the first and second side walls of the energy direction transmitter, inclined relative to the base body, are inclined at a shallower angle relative to the plate-shaped base body than the two rectangular second sections of the first and second side walls, inclined relative to the base body. [3] Sacrificial plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized bythat one or more energy direction transmitters have one or more interruptions in the longitudinal direction, so that the energy direction transmitter(s) are segmented. [4] Sacrificial plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by , that the base body is curved, the curvature corresponding approximately to the curvature of a cross-section of a component to be recorded, so that the tip(s) of the energy direction transmitter(s) point towards the center of the cross-section of a conductor to be recorded. [5] Sacrificial plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by , that at least on an edge area of ​​the sacrificial plate a retaining contour for undercut-like reception in a corresponding designed exception of a fastening device is formed. [6] Fastening device, in particular a cable holder, for fastening a first component to a second component, in particular a cable to a support component of a motor vehicle, preferably comprising a sacrificial plate according to one of claims 1 to 4 a mounting body with a recess for receiving a sacrificial plate for plastic welding, and a sacrificial plate arranged in the recess and weldable by means of plastic welding, in particular by means of ultrasound, wherein The sacrificial plate is permanently connected to the fastening body in a pre-assembly position by means of a form-fit and / or force-fit and / or friction-fit connection. [7] Fastening device according to claim 6, characterized bythat the sacrificial plate has a retaining contour along at least one lateral edge area, which is positively engaged in a correspondingly designed undercut-like area of ​​the recess. [8] Fastening device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by that the fastening body has at least one fastening section for connecting to a second component, in particular a conduit, and a receiving section for connecting to a first component, in particular a support component. [9] Fastening device according to one of claim 8, characterized by that two or more fastening sections are provided, wherein a section of the sacrificial plate is arranged in the area of ​​each fastening section, wherein the at least two sections of the sacrificial plate are connected to each other via a melt channel (sacrificial plate connection section). [10] Method for fastening by means of a fastening device, in particular a cable holder, according to one of claims 5 to 9, for fastening a first component to a second component, in particular a cable to a support component of a motor vehicle, comprising the following steps: providing the fastening device with at least one sacrificial plate which is non-detachably connected to the fastening device in a pre-assembly position, inserting a cable into a fastening section of the fastening device, and connecting the cable to the fastening section via the sacrificial plate by means of plastic welding, in particular by means of ultrasound.

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