DISPLAYS WITH LOW MOTION BLURR AND VARIABLE REFRESH FREQUENCIES

Abstract

Systems and methods for low-motion blur displays with variable refresh rates are disclosed. The methods include generating a predicted frame duration for a first frame, determining an actual frame duration for the first frame, and causing the first frame to be displayed by operating a backlight of the display in a first mode. Operating the backlight of the display in the first mode includes pulsing the backlight of the display for the first frame at a first time point for a fraction of the predicted frame duration and pulsing the backlight of the display for the first frame at a second time point based on a difference between the predicted frame duration and the actual frame duration.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

[0001] At least one embodiment relates to a hold indicator and, in particular, to pulsing a backlight of a hold indicator to achieve low motion blur. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hold-type displays can retain an image for its entire duration until it is overwritten. A moving object can be displayed, and the human eye can begin to track the movement. Because the moving object is "held" in the same position on the display for the duration of the frame, the difference between the position where the object should be at a given moment and the position where it is displayed at that moment can be perceived as blurring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. Figure 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary system for low motion blur and variable refresh rate displays according to at least one embodiment. Fig. Figure 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary system for low motion blur and variable refresh rate displays according to at least one embodiment. Fig. 3 includes exemplary voltage diagrams representing a voltage supplied to a backlight of a hold indicator for low motion blur with variable refresh rates, according to at least one embodiment. Fig. Section 4 includes exemplary voltage diagrams representing a voltage supplied to a backlight of a hold indicator when switching from a low motion blur mode to a constant backlight mode and back, according to at least one embodiment. Fig. 5 includes exemplary voltage diagrams representing a voltage supplied to a hold indicator backlight when switching from a low motion blur mode to a pulse width modulation backlight mode and back, according to at least one embodiment. Fig. Figure 6 is a flowchart of an exemplary method for low motion blur and variable refresh rates displays according to at least one embodiment. Fig. Figure 7 is a block diagram representing an exemplary computer system according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0003] Unlike hold displays, which maintain an image for its entire duration, a pulsed display, such as a cathode ray tube (CRT) display, can briefly "flash" an image and then briefly "flash" the next image when it is ready. Each time the image flashes, the moving object is in the correct position. If the flashing occurs quickly enough, the human eye can perceive smooth motion without blurring.

[0004] To reduce the perceived motion blur of a hold display, the hold display's backlight can be pulsed to mimic a pulsed display (e.g., a CRT display). In some cases, the backlight can be pulsed for a fraction of the frame duration. However, if the frame duration varies, the perceived brightness of each frame can vary, resulting in undesirable flicker. In some cases, the backlight can be pulsed twice for a given frame to reduce the perceived flicker. The first pulse can occur for a fraction of a frame duration at a target frame rate (e.g., 144 Hz). For example, the first pulse can occur for a fixed duration for each frame based on the fixed target frame rate.The second pulse can be a pulse with a lower amplitude and can have a duration based on the difference between the frame duration at the target frame rate and the actual frame duration of a given frame. However, if the actual frame rate is not close to the target frame rate, one or more visual artifacts may be observed (e.g., the long-duration, low-amplitude pulse may cause the image to appear blurred).

[0005] Aspects of the present disclosure address the aforementioned and other shortcomings by providing low motion blur for variable refresh rate displays. To achieve low motion blur at variable frame rates, a display backlight can be pulsed twice for each frame. The duration of the first pulse (e.g., "main pulse") can be based on a predicted frame duration for a given frame. For example, the duration of the main pulse can be a fraction (e.g., 25%, 10%, 50%, etc.) of the predicted frame duration for a given frame. The duration of the second pulse (e.g., "run pulse") can be based on a difference between the predicted frame duration for a given frame and the actual frame duration of the frame.

[0006] For example, a display control circuit might receive a first image at time T1. The display control circuit might predict that the second image will be received at time Tp. The display control circuit might actually receive the second image at time Ta. The predicted image duration (Dp) might be equal to Tp - T1. The actual image duration (Da) might be equal to Ta - T1. In such a case, the duration of the main pulse might be equal to Fm(Dp), where Fm is a fractional main pulse coefficient between 0 and 1. For example, the duration of the main pulse might be equal to 25% of the predicted duration (e.g., 0.25·Dp).

[0007] If the actual frame duration Da is greater than the predicted frame duration Dp, the runt pulse duration can be equal to Fr(Da-Dp), where Fr is a fractional runt pulse coefficient between 0 and 1. For example, the runt pulse duration can be equal to 25% of the difference between the predicted duration and the actual duration (e.g., 0.25·(Da-Dp)). In some embodiments, the fractional principal pulse coefficient Fm is equal to the fractional runt pulse coefficient Fr.

[0008] If the actual frame duration Da is less than the predicted frame duration Dp, one or more subsequent pulses (e.g., main pulses, runt pulses, etc.) can be modified to reduce visual artifacts (e.g., smearing, tearing, flickering, stuttering, motion blur, etc.).

[0009] The predicted frame duration can be an estimate of the time between receiving a first frame and receiving the next frame. In some embodiments, the predicted frame duration is calculated using a prediction algorithm. In some embodiments, the predicted frame duration can be calculated based on one or more previous actual frame durations (e.g., the actual time between a first frame and the next frame). For example, the predicted frame duration can be a weighted average of previous actual frame durations. In some embodiments, if the predicted frame duration for a particular frame is shorter than the actual frame duration for that frame, one or more subsequent frame duration predictions can be modified.For example, one or more subsequent frame durations can be reduced to increase the probability that the predicted frame duration is somewhat shorter than the actual frame duration. It can be advantageous to have a predicted frame duration that is close to the actual frame duration (e.g., within 50%, within 25%, within 10%, etc.) and shorter than the actual frame duration.

[0010] In some embodiments, the display of an image is delayed by one or more frames to enable image prediction. For example, an initial predicted image duration can be determined (e.g., predicted), and an initial image can be received. The initial image may not be displayed immediately. Based on the predicted duration of an initial image and / or the predicted and / or actual duration of one or more previous images, a predicted image duration for a second image can be calculated. The second image can be received, and the actual image duration of the first image can be calculated based on the time at which the second image is received. The first image can then be displayed (e.g., after receiving the second image) with a master pulse based on the predicted duration of the first image (e.g.,a fraction of the predicted duration of the first frame) and with a runt pulse based on a difference between the predicted duration of the first frame and the actual duration of the first frame. This process can be repeated for subsequent frames.

[0011] In some embodiments, if the frame rate falls below a low motion blur threshold, a particular frame can be displayed twice before the next frame is displayed. For example, the low motion blur threshold might be 80 frames per second (e.g., 80 Hz). If the frame rate falls below 80 Hz, each frame can be displayed twice (e.g., doubled). The first frame can be displayed for an initial frame duration with a main pulse and a runt pulse. Then, the first frame can be displayed again for the same initial frame duration with a second main pulse and a runt pulse. Then, a second frame can be displayed for a second frame duration with yet another main pulse and a runt pulse. The resulting frame rate can be twice the original frame rate (e.g., if the original frame rate was 75 Hz, it can be doubled to 150 Hz).However, in some embodiments, displaying the same image twice can cause a visual “double image” artifact.

[0012] In some embodiments, when the frame rate falls below a low motion blur threshold, a display control circuit can switch from a first operating mode (e.g., a pulsed backlight mode) to a second operating mode (e.g., a constant backlight mode or a pulse-width modulated (PWM) backlight mode). For example, the low motion blur threshold might be 80 Hz. When the frame rate falls below 80 Hz, instead of pulsing the backlight, the display control circuit can supply a constant (or pulse-width modulated) voltage to the backlight for each frame. Operating the backlight in the second mode can prevent the double-image problem discussed above. When switching from the pulsed backlight mode to the constant-voltage mode, one or more pulse durations (e.g.,Main pulse durations, runt pulse durations, etc., can be modified before switching to maintain the perceived display brightness between the first and second modes and to reduce any display flicker. Similarly, if the frame rate exceeds the low motion blur threshold and the display control circuit switches from the second to the first mode, one or more pulse durations can be modified immediately after the switch.

[0013] In some embodiments, a display may include more than one backlight. For example, a display may have multiple (e.g., 8, 10, etc.) backlight strips arranged side by side to fill the display. In such a case, pixel values ​​of the image to be displayed can be modified based on the predicted duration of the image.

[0014] If a display has only a backlight, pixel values ​​of the displayed image can be modified based on the predicted duration of the image and the pixel's position within the image. For example, if pixel values ​​are set (e.g., scanned) from top to bottom of the display, pixels at the bottom of the display may have less time to "stabilize" before the backlight is turned on than pixels at the top. Therefore, pixel values ​​at the bottom of the display may change more significantly than pixel values ​​at the top.

[0015] Pixel value modifications can be based on one or more lookup tables. For example, a set of lookup tables can be stored for specific predicted frame durations and screen positions. When determining the pixel value for a particular pixel in an image, a lookup table can be used that most closely matches the predicted frame duration and the pixel's screen position. In some embodiments, multiple values ​​from lookup tables can be accessed, and a modification value can be obtained by interpolating between the values ​​from the lookup tables.

[0016] Advantages of the disclosed embodiments over existing technology include, but are not limited to, low-motion blur and variable refresh rate displays. In other words, images can be displayed at variable refresh rates with few (or no) human-perceivable visual artifacts, such as tearing, double images, smearing, stuttering, or flickering.

[0017] Fig. Figure 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary system 100 for low-motion blur, variable refresh rate displays according to at least one embodiment. The system 100 may include an image generator subsystem 102 and a hold display 110. The image generator subsystem 102 may generate one or more images (e.g., image frames) to be displayed by the hold display 110. In some embodiments, the one or more images are images from a video game, a digital medium, a virtual reality application, an augmented reality application, and / or the like. The one or more images may be displayed on the hold display 110 with low motion blur and variable refresh rates using the methods described herein.

[0018] The image generator subsystem 102 can include one or more processing units (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU) 104, a graphics processing unit (GPU) 108, etc.) and one or more storage devices (e.g., a memory 106) for generating images to be displayed on the hold indicator 110. For example, the CPU 104 can execute instructions from an application (e.g., a video game application, a media player application, a virtual reality application, an augmented reality application, etc.). The CPU 104 can provide one or more instructions and / or data (e.g., image data) to a specific processor (e.g., the GPU 108) for processing. For example, the GPU 108 can perform one or more graphics operations, such as shading, ray tracing, and / or the like. The GPU 108 can communicate with the hold indicator 110 (e.g.,(via the display control circuit 112) and can provide one or more images for the hold indicator 110, which are to be displayed with low motion blur.

[0019] The hold indicator 110 can include the display control circuit 112 and one or more backlights 114. The hold indicator 110 can include a display panel 116, which is illuminated by the one or more backlights 114. The display panel 116 can include one or more pixels for displaying the one or more images from the image generator subsystem 102. In some embodiments, the display panel 116 can include a liquid crystal display (LCD).

[0020] In some embodiments, the display panel 116 can include one or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and / or organic LEDs (OLEDs). In such a case, each pixel can be "self-illuminating" and does not require backlighting. Thus, each LED pixel and / or OLED pixel can be "pulsed" as described herein to achieve low motion blur with variable refresh rates.

[0021] The hold indicator 110 can receive images from the image generator subsystem 102 via the display control circuit 112. The display control circuit 112 can include a processing circuit for receiving image frames and can predict the duration of a subsequent image based on one or more previously received images. The predicted image duration can be an estimate of the time between receiving a first image and receiving the next image. In some embodiments, the predicted image duration is calculated using a prediction algorithm. In some embodiments, the predicted image duration can be calculated based on one or more previous actual image durations (e.g., the actual time between a first image and the next image). For example, the predicted image duration can be a weighted average of previous actual image durations.In some embodiments, if the predicted frame duration for a particular frame is shorter than the actual frame duration for that frame, one or more subsequent frame duration predictions, or frame duration predictions for one or more subsequent frames, can be modified. For example, one or more subsequent frame durations, or frame durations for one or more subsequent frames, can be reduced to increase the probability that the predicted frame duration is somewhat shorter than the actual frame duration. It can be advantageous to have a predicted frame duration that is close to the actual frame duration (e.g., within 50%, within 25%, within 10%, etc.) and shorter than the actual frame duration.

[0022] The display control circuit 112 can pulse the backlight 114 based on the timing of the received images and / or the image duration predictions. Pulsating the backlight 114 can involve applying a voltage to it. For example, pulsing the backlight 114 can involve applying a constant voltage (e.g., 100%, 50%, 200%, 400%, etc.) to the backlight 114 for a specific duration. In some embodiments, the display control circuit 112 pulses the backlight 114 during a first operating mode.

[0023] In the first operating mode, the display control circuit 112 can cause the backlight 114 to pulse twice for a specific image from the image generator subsystem 102. The duration of the first pulse (e.g., "main pulse") can be based on a predicted image duration. For example, the duration of the main pulse can be a fraction (e.g., 25%) of the predicted image duration. The duration of the second pulse (e.g., "run pulse") can be based on a difference between the predicted image duration and the actual image duration.

[0024] For example, the display control circuit 112 can receive a first image at time T1. The display control circuit 112 can predict that the second image will be received at time Tp. The display control circuit 112 can receive the second image at time Ta. The predicted image duration (Dp) can be equal to Tp - T1. The actual image duration (Da) can be equal to Ta - T1. In such a case, the duration of the main pulse can be equal to Fm(Dp), where Fm is a fractional main pulse coefficient between 0 and 1 inclusive. For example, the duration of the main pulse can be equal to 25% of the predicted duration (e.g., 0.25·Dp).

[0025] If the actual frame duration Da is greater than the predicted frame duration Dp, the runt pulse duration can be equal to Fr(Da-Dp), where Fr is a fractional runt pulse coefficient between 0 and 1 inclusive. For example, the runt pulse duration can be equal to 25% of the difference between the predicted duration and the actual duration (e.g., 0.25·(Da-Dp)). In some embodiments, the fractional principal pulse coefficient Fm is equal to the fractional runt pulse coefficient Fr.

[0026] If the actual frame duration Da is less than the predicted frame duration Dp, one or more subsequent pulses (e.g., main pulses, runt pulses, etc.) can be modified to reduce visual artifacts (e.g., smearing, tearing, flickering, stuttering, motion blur, etc.). For example, one or more main pulses can be shortened and / or one or more runt pulses can be lengthened. In some embodiments, if the actual frame duration Da is less than the predicted frame duration Dp, the image can be illuminated with a main pulse without a corresponding runt pulse. In some embodiments, if the actual frame duration Da is less than the predicted frame duration Dp, the image can be illuminated with a main pulse and a "zero" runt pulse.The "zero" run pulse can have a duration of zero seconds or can apply a voltage of zero to the backlight for a duration of more than zero seconds.

[0027] In some embodiments, the display control circuit 112 can delay the display of a particular image to enable image prediction. In some embodiments, the delay between the display control circuit 112 receiving an image and initiating the display of the image is equal to a fraction of an image duration (e.g., predicted image duration, actual image duration, average image duration, etc.). In some embodiments, the delay is based on a current frame rate. In some embodiments, the delay is a predetermined value (e.g., 1 millisecond, 3 milliseconds, 10 milliseconds, etc.).

[0028] In some embodiments, the display control circuit 112 can delay the display of a particular image by one or more images. For example, a first predicted image duration can be determined (e.g., predicted), and a first image can be received. The first image may not be displayed immediately. Based on the predicted duration of the first image and / or the predicted and / or actual duration of one or more previous images, a predicted image duration for a second image can be calculated. The second image can be received, and the actual image duration of the first image can be calculated based on the time at which the second image is received. The first image can then be delayed (e.g., after receiving the second image) with a main pulse based on the predicted duration of the first image (e.g.,a fraction of the predicted duration of the first frame) and with a runt pulse based on a difference between the predicted duration of the first frame and the actual duration of the first frame, as described above. This process can be repeated for subsequent frames.

[0029] In some embodiments, instead of pulsing the backlight 114 twice for a given image, the display control circuit 112 can modify the length of a single pulse based on the actual image duration. For example, the display control circuit 112 can pulse the backlight 114 once for each image, with the pulse duration being a fraction (e.g., 25%, 50%, 40%, 30%, etc.) of the actual image duration.

[0030] In some embodiments, a user can configure a low motion blur threshold. If the frame rate of the image generator subsystem 102 falls below the user-configured low motion blur threshold, the display control circuit 112 cannot operate the backlight 114 as described above. For example, the display control circuit 112 can switch from a first operating mode (e.g., a pulsed backlight mode) to a second operating mode (e.g., a constant backlight mode or a PWM backlight mode).

[0031] For example, a first user can configure the low motion blur threshold of a first display to 80 Hz, while a second user can configure the low motion blur threshold of a second display to 60 Hz. If the frame rate of an image generator subsystem connected to the first display was 70 Hz (e.g., lower than the first user's low motion blur threshold), the display control circuitry of the first display can operate the first display in the second operating mode. If the frame rate of an image generator subsystem connected to the second display was 70 Hz (e.g., higher than the second user's low motion blur threshold), the display control circuitry of the second display can operate the second display in the first operating mode discussed above.

[0032] In some embodiments, if the frame rate falls below the low motion blur threshold, a particular frame can be displayed twice before the next frame is shown. For example, the low motion blur threshold might be 80 frames per second (e.g., 80 Hz). If the frame rate falls below 80 Hz, each frame can be displayed twice (e.g., doubled). The first frame can be displayed for an initial frame duration with a main pulse and a runt pulse. Then, the first frame can be displayed again for the same initial frame duration with a second main pulse and a runt pulse. Then, a second frame can be displayed for a second frame duration with another main pulse and a runt pulse. The resulting frame rate can be twice the original frame rate (e.g., if the original frame rate was 75 Hz, it can be doubled to 150 Hz).However, in some embodiments, displaying the same image twice can cause a visual “double image” artifact.

[0033] In some embodiments, one or more processing units (e.g., the GPU 108) of the image generator subsystem 102 may be configured to provide a given image twice if the frame rate falls below the low motion blur threshold. In such a case, the display control circuit 112 may not be aware that images are being duplicated and may simply display each image as received, as discussed above. In some embodiments, the GPU 108 may be configured to provide each image once, regardless of the frame rate and the low motion blur threshold. In such a case, the display control circuit 112 may display an image twice before displaying the next received image if the frame rate falls below the low motion blur threshold.

[0034] In some embodiments, the hold indicator 110 may have a lower refresh rate threshold beyond which the display panel 116 begins to flicker. If the GPU 108 provides frames at a rate lower than the lower refresh rate threshold of the display panel 116, the display control circuit 112 may cause a frame to be displayed twice before the next received frame is displayed. To avoid a visual “duplicate” artifact, the display control circuit 112 may illuminate only the first of each set of frames (e.g., cause the backlight to pulse with a main pulse and a runt pulse).

[0035] For example, the GPU 108 can provide images at a rate of 25 frames per second. The display panel 116 can have a lower refresh rate threshold of 30 frames per second. Because the GPU 108 provides images at a rate lower than the lower refresh rate threshold, the display control circuit 112 can cause an image to be displayed twice before the next received image is displayed, artificially increasing the frame rate to 50 frames per second and avoiding the flickering of the display panel 116 at the lower frame rate. The display control circuit 112 can receive an initial image from the GPU 108, set the pixel values ​​of the display panel 116 based on the initial image, as discussed below, and pulse the backlight 114 (e.g., with a main pulse and a runt pulse), as described herein, to display the initial image.The display control circuit 112 can receive a second image from the GPU 108, but before displaying the second image, the display control circuit 112 can wait for the duration of the first image. Thus, each image can be displayed for two durations, but can only be illuminated during the first duration (e.g., the backlight can be pulsed).

[0036] In some embodiments, the second operating mode may involve applying a constant voltage to the backlight 114. For example, instead of pulsing the backlight 114 twice as in the first operating mode, the backlight 114 may be continuously illuminated with a specific voltage. This specific voltage may be chosen such that the average voltage applied to the backlight 114 in the first operating mode corresponds to the constant voltage applied in the second operating mode.

[0037] In some embodiments, the second operating mode may involve applying a pulse-width modulated (PWM) voltage to the backlight 114. For example, instead of pulsed the backlight 114 twice as in the first operating mode, the backlight 114 may be pulsed extremely rapidly (e.g., at a rate of 1 kHz, 2 kHz, etc.) such that an average voltage supplied to the backlight 114 in the first operating mode is the same as the average voltage supplied using the PWM voltage.

[0038] Operating the backlight with constant voltage or PWM backlighting can prevent the double-image problem discussed above. When switching from pulsed backlight mode to constant voltage or PWM backlight mode, the display control circuit 112 can modify one or more pulse durations (e.g., main pulse durations, runt pulse durations, etc.) prior to the switch to maintain the perceived display brightness between the first and second operating modes and to reduce any display flicker or other visual artifacts. Similarly, if the frame rate exceeds the low motion blur threshold and the display control circuit 112 switches from the second to the first operating mode, one or more pulse durations can be modified immediately after the switch.

[0039] In some embodiments, the hold indicator 110 can include more than one backlight 114. For example, the hold indicator 110 can include several (e.g., 8, 10, etc.) backlight strips arranged side by side to fill the display panel 116 of the hold indicator 110. In such a case, pixel values ​​of the image to be displayed can be modified based on the predicted duration of the image (e.g., by the display control circuit 112). For example, each image received by the image generator subsystem 102 can contain a plurality of pixel values. The display control circuit 112 can modify one or more pixel values ​​of an image based on the predicted duration of the image. In some embodiments, if the predicted duration is long (e.g., longer than average, longer than the previous duration, etc.), the display control circuit 112 can modify the pixel values.), the pixel values ​​can be modified less than if the predicted image duration is short.

[0040] In some embodiments, the pixel modification value is determined using one or more lookup tables. For example, the display control circuit 112 may have one or more lookup tables 118 that can store pixel modification values. In some embodiments, a first lookup table may store pixel modification values ​​for a first frame duration or frame rate, and a second lookup table may store pixel modification values ​​for a second frame duration or frame rate. If the predicted frame duration for a given frame lies between the frame duration of the first lookup table and the frame duration of the second lookup table, a pixel modification value can be determined by interpolating between the two lookup tables.

[0041] If the hold indicator 110 has only one backlight 114, pixel values ​​of the image to be displayed can be modified based on the predicted duration of the image and based on the pixel's position within the image. For example, if the pixel values ​​are set (e.g., scanned) from top to bottom on the hold indicator 110 (or the top of the display panel 116), the pixels at the bottom may have less time to "stabilize" before the backlight 114 is turned on than the pixels at the top of the hold indicator 110 (or the display panel 116). Thus, the values ​​of pixels at the bottom of the hold indicator 110 may change more than the values ​​of pixels at the top of the hold indicator 110.

[0042] In some embodiments, the pixel modification values ​​for a backlit display are determined using one or more lookup tables based on the predicted frame duration of the image to be displayed and based on the pixel's position within the image. For example, a first lookup table can be used for the initial frame duration or frame rate and for pixels at the top of the display. A second lookup table can be used for the initial frame duration or frame rate and for pixels at the bottom of the display.

[0043] In some embodiments, the display control circuit 112 can include 4 different sets of 18 lookup tables 118 (for a total of 72 lookup tables 118). Each set of lookup tables can be for a different predicted frame duration. Each table within a set can be for a different screen position. For example, for a display with a 2K resolution, the 18 tables in a set can have pixel modification values ​​for lines 0 to 2176 with a step size of 128 lines. For a display with a 4K resolution, the 18 tables in a set can have pixel modification values ​​for lines 0 to 4352 with a larger step size (e.g., 256 lines, 512 lines, etc.).

[0044] When determining the pixel value for a specific pixel in an image, a lookup table can be used that most closely matches the predicted frame duration of the image and the pixel's screen position. In some embodiments, multiple values ​​from lookup tables can be accessed, and a modification value can be obtained by interpolating between the values ​​from the lookup tables.

[0045] Fig. Figure 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary system 200 for low-motion blur displays with variable refresh rates according to at least one embodiment. The system 200 can include an image generator subsystem 202 and a hold display 212. The image generator subsystem 202 can include one or more processing units (e.g., the CPU 204, the GPU 208, etc.) and one or more storage devices (e.g., the memory 206) for generating images to be displayed on the hold display 212.

[0046] The hold indicator 212 can include a display panel 216 illuminated by one or more backlights 214. The display panel 216 can include one or more pixels for displaying one or more images from the image generator subsystem 202. In some embodiments, the display panel 216 can include an LCD. In some embodiments, the display panel 216 can include one or more LEDs and / or OLEDs.

[0047] Various components made of Fig. 2. Similar operations can be performed by corresponding components from Fig. 1. For example, the display control circuit 210 can control the backlight 214 of the hold indicator 212 to display one or more images from the GPU 208. In a first operating mode, the display control circuit 210 can pulse the backlight 214 twice for each image: once with a main pulse and again with a runt pulse. The duration of the main pulse and the runt pulse can be determined based on predicted and actual image durations, as discussed above.

[0048] If the frame rate falls below a low motion blur threshold, the display control circuit 210 can control the backlight 214 in a second operating mode, which may involve supplying a constant voltage to the backlight 214 or supplying a PWM voltage to the backlight 214. The display control circuit 210 can also modify pixel values ​​within a given image using pixel modification values ​​from the lookup tables 218, as discussed above.

[0049] While the stop indicator 110 of Fig. 1. If the display control circuit 112, which is present in the stop indicator 110, is controlled by the stop indicator 212, then the stop indicator 212 can be controlled by Fig. 2 are controlled by the display control circuit 210, which is present in the GPU 208. The System 100 can represent a desktop computer system with a detachable display connected to the image generator subsystem 102, whereas the System 200 can represent a laptop computer system with a display attached to the image generator subsystem 202.

[0050] Fig. Figure 3 includes exemplary voltage diagrams 300 and 320, which represent a voltage supplied to a backlight of a hold indicator for low motion blur with variable refresh rates, according to at least one embodiment. For example, voltage diagram 300 can represent a voltage supplied to the backlight 114 of the hold indicator 110 of Fig. 1 is supplied while it is operating in a first mode (e.g., a pulsed backlight mode). The voltage diagram 300 can include several main pulses, such as main pulse 302, main pulse 304, and main pulse 306. The voltage diagram 300 can also include one or more runt pulses, such as runt pulse 308.

[0051] The main pulse 302 can correspond to a first frame. The first frame can have an actual frame duration equal to the frame duration 310 (e.g., the time between receiving the first frame and receiving a second frame). The length of the main pulse 302 can be a fraction of a predicted frame duration corresponding to the first frame. For example, the length of the main pulse 302 can be 25% of a predicted frame duration for the first frame. In other words, a constant voltage (e.g., 100% voltage) can be provided to a display backlight for 25% of a predicted frame duration, and 0 voltage can be provided to the display backlight for the remaining 75% of the predicted frame duration. If the predicted frame duration for the first frame was equal to the actual frame duration of the first frame, the main pulse 302 can have no corresponding runt pulse.

[0052] The main pulse 304 can correspond to a second image. The second image can have a corresponding actual image duration. The length of the main pulse 304 can be a fraction of a predicted image duration corresponding to the second image. For example, the length of the main pulse 304 can be 25% of the predicted image duration for the second image. If the predicted image duration for the second image was equal to the actual image duration of the second image, the main pulse 304 cannot have a corresponding runt pulse.

[0053] The main pulse 306 can correspond to a third image. The third image can have a corresponding actual image duration. The length of the main pulse 306 can be a fraction of a predicted image duration corresponding to the third image. For example, the length of the main pulse 306 can be 25% of the predicted image duration for the third image. The main pulse 306 has a corresponding runt pulse 308, which indicates that the predicted image duration was shorter than the actual image duration. The length of the runt pulse 308 can be a fraction of the difference between the predicted image duration and the actual image duration of the third image. For example, the length of the runt pulse 308 can be 25% of the difference between the longer actual image duration and the shorter predicted image duration. In some embodiments, the runt pulse 308 can be midway between (e.g.,in the middle of) the main pulse 306 and the following main pulse.

[0054] The voltage diagram 320 can represent a voltage that powers the backlight 114 of the hold indicator 110. Fig. 1 is supplied while it operates in an alternative first mode. In the alternative first mode, a display's backlight can be pulsed only once for each image, with the pulse length determined based on the actual duration of the image corresponding to the pulse. For example, the main pulse 322 can correspond to a first image and can have a length equal to a fraction of the actual duration of the first image. The extended pulse 324 can correspond to a second image. The extended pulse 324 can have a length longer than the main pulse 322 because the actual duration of the second image is longer than the actual duration of the first image. The length of each pulse can be a fixed fraction of the actual duration of the image corresponding to the pulse.For example, the length of the main pulse 322 can be 25% of the actual image duration of the first image, and the length of the extended pulse 324 can be 25% of the actual image duration of the second image.

[0055] Fig. Section 4 includes exemplary voltage diagrams 400 and 410, which represent a voltage supplied to a backlight of a hold indicator when switching from a low-motion blur mode to a constant-backlight mode and back, according to at least one embodiment. For example, voltage diagram 400 can represent a voltage supplied to the backlight 114 of the hold indicator 110. Fig. Voltage diagram 400 is supplied during the switch from a first operating mode (e.g., a pulsed backlight mode) to a second operating mode (e.g., a constant backlight mode). Voltage diagram 400 may include one or more main pulses, such as main pulse 402 and main pulse 406. Voltage diagram 400 may also include one or more runt pulses, such as runt pulse 404.

[0056] The main pulse 402 and the runt pulse 404 can correspond to a first image and can have lengths as above in relation to Fig. As described in section 3, the main pulse 406 can correspond to a second image and can have a length equal to a fraction of the predicted duration of the second image. After receiving the second image, the display control circuit can switch to a second operating mode (e.g., a constant backlight mode). For example, the display control circuit can switch to the second operating mode after a frame rate falls below a low motion blur threshold.

[0057] The constant voltage 408 can specify the voltage supplied to the backlight during the second operating mode. The constant voltage 408 can be chosen such that an average voltage supplied to the backlight during the first operating mode (or during a subset of the first operating mode) is equal to the constant voltage 408. In some embodiments, a master pulse (e.g., the master pulse 406) may not have a corresponding runt pulse when transitioning from the first to the second operating mode. In some embodiments, the length of one or more master pulses and / or runt pulses is modified prior to the transition (e.g., lengthened, shortened, etc.) to reduce visual artifacts around the transition.

[0058] The voltage diagram 410 can represent a voltage that powers the backlight 114 of the hold indicator 110. Fig. 1 is supplied while switching from a second operating mode (e.g., a constant backlight mode) to a first operating mode (e.g., a pulsed backlight mode). The voltage diagram 410 may include one or more main pulses, such as the main pulse 414. The voltage diagram 410 may also include one or more runt pulses, such as the runt pulse 416.

[0059] The constant voltage 412 can specify the voltage supplied to the backlight during the second operating mode. After receiving one or more images during the second operating mode, the display control circuitry can switch to the first operating mode (e.g., the pulsed backlight mode). For example, the display control circuitry can switch to the first operating mode after a frame rate exceeds a low motion blur threshold.

[0060] The main pulse 414 and the runt pulse 416 can correspond to a first image received after switching back to the initial operating mode. The length of the main pulse 414 can be based on a fraction of the predicted duration of the first image. The length of the runt pulse 416 can be based on a fraction of the difference between the actual duration of the first image and the predicted duration of the first image. In some embodiments, the length of one or more main pulses and / or runt pulses is modified after the switch (e.g., lengthened, shortened, etc.) to reduce visual artifacts around the switch.

[0061] Fig. Reference 5 includes exemplary voltage diagrams 500 and 510, which represent a voltage supplied to a backlight of a hold indicator when switching from a low-motion blur mode to a pulse-width modulation backlight mode and back, according to at least one embodiment. For example, voltage diagram 500 may represent a voltage supplied to the backlight 114 of the hold indicator 110. Fig. Voltage diagram 500 is supplied during the switch from a first operating mode (e.g., a pulsed backlight mode) to a second operating mode (e.g., a PWM backlight mode). Voltage diagram 500 can include one or more main pulses, such as main pulse 502 and main pulse 506. Voltage diagram 500 can also include one or more runt pulses, such as runt pulse 504.

[0062] The main pulse 502 and the runt pulse 504 can correspond to a first image and can have lengths as above in relation to Fig. As described in section 3, the main pulse 506 can correspond to a second image and can have a length equal to a fraction of the predicted duration of the second image. After receiving the second image, the display control circuit can switch to a second operating mode (e.g., a PWM backlight mode). For example, the display control circuit can switch to the second operating mode after the frame rate falls below a low motion blur threshold.

[0063] The PWM voltage 508 can specify the voltage supplied to the backlight during the second operating mode. During the second operating mode, a high-frequency voltage (e.g., 1 kHz, 2 kHz, etc.) can be supplied to the backlight, such that the average voltage supplied to the backlight during the second operating mode will match the average voltage supplied to the backlight during the first operating mode. In some embodiments, a master pulse (e.g., the master pulse 506) may not have a corresponding runt pulse when transitioning from the first to the second operating mode. In some embodiments, the length of one or more master pulses and / or runt pulses is modified prior to the transition (e.g., lengthened, shortened, etc.) to reduce visual artifacts around the transition.

[0064] The voltage diagram 510 can represent a voltage that powers the backlight 114 of the hold indicator 110. Fig. 1 is supplied while switching from a second operating mode (e.g., a PWM backlight mode) to a first operating mode (e.g., a pulsed backlight mode). The voltage diagram 510 can include one or more main pulses, such as the main pulse 514. The voltage diagram 510 can also include one or more runt pulses, such as the runt pulse 516.

[0065] The PWM voltage 512 can specify the voltage supplied to the backlight during the second operating mode. After receiving one or more frames during the second operating mode, the display control circuitry can switch to the first operating mode (e.g., the pulsed backlight mode). For example, the display control circuitry can switch to the first operating mode after the frame rate exceeds a low motion blur threshold.

[0066] The main pulse 514 and the runt pulse 516 can correspond to a first image received after switching back to the initial operating mode. The length of the main pulse 514 can be based on a fraction of the predicted duration of the first image. The length of the runt pulse 516 can be based on a fraction of the difference between the actual duration of the first image and the predicted duration of the first image. In some embodiments, the length of one or more main pulses and / or runt pulses is modified after the switch (e.g., lengthened, shortened, etc.) to reduce visual artifacts around the switch.

[0067] Fig. Figure 6 is a flowchart of an exemplary method for low motion blur and variable refresh rates displays according to at least one embodiment.

[0068] Method 600 can be performed using one or more processing units (e.g., CPUs, GPUs, accelerators, physical processing units (PPUs), data processing units (DPUs), etc.) that include (or can communicate with) one or more storage devices. In at least one embodiment, Method 600 can be performed using one or more processing devices. In at least one embodiment, Method 600 can be performed by the display control circuit 112 of Fig. 1. In at least one embodiment, the method 600 can be carried out by the display control circuit 210 of Fig. 2. In at least one embodiment, processing units performing any part of Method 600 can execute instructions stored on a non-volatile, computer-readable storage medium. In at least one embodiment, Method 600 can be performed using multiple processing threads (e.g., CPU threads and / or GPU threads), with individual threads performing one or more individual functions, routines, subroutines, or operations of the Method. In at least one embodiment, processing threads implementing Method 600 can be synchronized (e.g., using semaphores, critical sections, and / or other thread synchronization mechanisms). Alternatively, processing threads implementing Method 600 can be executed asynchronously. Various operations of Method 600 can be performed in comparison to those described in Fig. The sequence shown in Figure 6 can be performed in a different order. Some operations of Method 600 can be performed simultaneously with other operations. In at least one embodiment, one or more operations that are shown in Figure 600 can be performed simultaneously with other operations. Fig. The steps shown in 6 are not always carried out.

[0069] In Block 602, processing units executing Procedure 600 can generate a predicted frame duration for a first frame. In Block 604, processing units can determine an actual frame duration for the first frame. In Block 606, processing units can cause the first frame to be displayed by operating a display backlight in a first mode.

[0070] To cause the first image to be displayed by operating the display backlight in the first mode, processing units at block 610 can pulse the display backlight for the first image at a first time for a fraction of the predicted image duration. Alternatively, processing units can apply a voltage to the display backlight for a fraction of the predicted image duration.

[0071] In block 612, processing units can pulse the display backlight for the first frame at a second time based on a difference between the predicted frame duration and the actual frame duration. In some embodiments, to pulse the display backlight for the first frame at the second time based on the difference between the predicted frame duration and the actual frame duration, processing units can cause a voltage to be applied to the display backlight for a fraction of the difference between the predicted frame duration and the actual frame duration.In some embodiments, if the actual image duration is less than the predicted image duration, processing units can cause a voltage to be applied to the display's backlight for a duration of zero seconds in order to pulse the display's backlight for the first image at the second time point based on the difference between the predicted and actual image durations. In some embodiments, if the actual image duration is less than the predicted image duration, processing units can cause a zero voltage to be applied to the display's backlight for a duration greater than zero seconds in order to pulse the display's backlight for the first image at the second time point based on the difference between the predicted and actual image durations.

[0072] In some embodiments, the actual image duration is longer than the predicted image duration, and the second time point is in the middle of the actual image duration.

[0073] In some embodiments, the actual image duration is shorter than the predicted image duration, and processing units can further generate a shorter predicted image duration for a second image.

[0074] In some embodiments, processing units can, in response to a frame rate falling below a predetermined threshold, cause a second image to be displayed twice by operating the display's backlight in the first mode before initiating the display of a third image.

[0075] In some embodiments, processing units at block 608 can cause a second image to be displayed by operating the display backlight in a second mode. In some embodiments, the average brightness of the display backlight in the second mode is the same as the average brightness of the display backlight in the first mode. In some embodiments, the display of the second image is performed by operating the display backlight in the second mode in response to a frame rate falling below a predetermined threshold.

[0076] In some embodiments, in order to cause the second image to be displayed by operating the backlight of the display in the second mode, processing units at block 610 can cause a pulse-width modulated voltage to be applied to the backlight of the display for the duration of the second image.

[0077] In some embodiments, in order to cause the second image to be displayed by operating the display's backlight in the second mode, processing units can cause a constant voltage to be applied to the display's backlight for the duration of the second image.

[0078] In some embodiments, before causing the second image to be displayed by operating the display's backlight in the second mode, processing units can modify one or more pulses of one or more previous images displayed in the first mode.

[0079] In some embodiments, the display includes a single backlight, and the value of a pixel in the first image is modified based on the predicted duration of the first image and the pixel's position within the first image. In some embodiments, the display includes more than one backlight, and the value of a pixel in the first image is modified based on the predicted duration of the first image.

[0080] Fig. Figure 7 is a block diagram representing an exemplary computer system according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The computer system 700 may correspond to the system 100, which, with respect to Fig. 1 is described. The Computer System 700 can also correspond to the System 200, which in relation to Fig.2 is described. The Computer System 700 can operate as a server or endpoint in an endpoint-server network environment, or as a peer computer in a peer-to-peer (or distributed) network environment. The endpoint can be a television, a personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, a set-top box (STB), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile phone, a web application, a server, a network router, a switch or bridge, or any device capable of executing a set of instructions (sequentially or otherwise) that specify actions to be performed by that device. Furthermore, although only a single device is depicted, the term "device" is also to be understood as including any collection of devices that, individually or collectively, execute a set (or multiple sets) of instructions to perform one or more of the procedures discussed herein.

[0081] The exemplary computer system 700 includes a processing device (a processor) 702, a main memory 704 (e.g., a read-only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), such as a synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), a dual data rate (DDR-SDRAM) or DRAM (RDRAM), etc.), a static memory 706 (e.g., a flash memory, a static random-access memory (SRAM), etc.), and a data storage device 716, which communicate with each other via a bus 728.

[0082] The processor (processing device) 702 represents one or more general-purpose processing devices, such as a microprocessor, a central processing unit, or the like, and may include processing logic 722. In particular, the processor 702 may be a complex instruction set (CISC) microprocessor, a reduced instruction set (RISC) microprocessor, a very long instruction word (VLIW) microprocessor, a processor implementing other instruction sets, or a processor implementing a combination of instruction sets. The processor 702 may also be one or more special-purpose processing devices, such as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a digital signal processor (DSP), a network processor, or the like. The processor 702 is designed to execute instructions 726 (e.g.,(to generate threat indicator alerts) to perform the operations discussed here.

[0083] The computer system 700 may further include a network interface device 708. The computer system 700 may also include a video display unit 710 (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a cathode ray tube (CRT)), an input device 712 (e.g., a keyboard and an alphanumeric keypad, a motion-sensing input device, a touchscreen), a cursor control device 714 (e.g., a mouse), and a signal generation device 718 (e.g., a loudspeaker). In some embodiments, the computer system 700 may not include a video display unit 710, an input device 712, and / or a cursor control device 714 (e.g., in a headless configuration).

[0084] The data storage device 716 can include a non-volatile, machine-readable storage medium 724 (also called a computer-readable storage medium) on which one or more sets of instructions 726 (e.g., for low motion blur for variable refresh rate displays) are stored, embodying one or more of the methods or functions described herein. The instructions 726 can also be located wholly or at least partially within the main memory 704 and / or within the processor 702 during their execution by the computer system 700, the main memory 704 and the processor 702 also forming machine-readable storage media. Furthermore, the instructions can be transmitted or received over a network 720 via the network interface device 708.

[0085] In one implementation, instructions 726 include instructions for low motion blur for variable refresh rate displays. Although the computer-readable storage medium 724 (machine-readable storage medium) is shown as a single medium in an exemplary implementation, the terms "computer-readable storage medium" and "machine-readable storage medium" should be understood to include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database and / or associated caches and servers) that store the one or more sets of instructions.The terms “computer-readable storage medium” and “machine-readable storage medium” shall also be understood to include any medium capable of storing, encoding, or carrying a set of instructions for execution by the device, causing the device to perform one or more of the methods disclosed herein. Accordingly, the terms “computer-readable storage medium” and “machine-readable storage medium” shall be understood to include, but are not limited to, solid-state storage media, optical media, and magnetic media.

[0086] Other variations are within the spirit of the present disclosure. Thus, while various modifications and alternative constructions can be made with respect to the disclosed methods, certain illustrated embodiments are shown in the drawings and have been described in detail above. However, it is understood that the intention is not to limit the disclosure to the specific disclosed form or forms, but rather, on the contrary, to cover all modifications, alternative constructions, and equivalents that fall within the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined in the attached claims.

[0087] The use of the terms "a," "an," "the," and similar referents in the context of describing disclosed embodiments (particularly in the context of the following claims) is to be interpreted as covering both the singular and the plural unless otherwise specified herein or the context clearly contradicts this, and not as defining an expression. The terms "comprising," "having," "including," and "containing" are to be interpreted as open expressions (i.e., in the sense of "including without being limited to") unless otherwise specified. "Connected" is to be interpreted as partially or completely contained within, attached to, or joined to one another when it is used unmodified and refers to physical connections, even if an element is inserted between them.The mention of value ranges herein is intended merely as a quick method of individually referring to each separate value falling within the range, unless otherwise stated herein, and each separate value is included in the description as if it were individually reproduced herein. In at least one embodiment, the use of the expression "set" (e.g., "a set of objects") or "subset" is to be understood as a non-empty compilation comprising one or more elements, unless otherwise noted or the context contradicts it. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated or the context contradicts it, the term "subset" of a corresponding set does not necessarily mean a proper subset of the corresponding set, but the subset and the corresponding set may be the same.

[0088] Unless specifically stated otherwise or the context clearly contradicts it, connective language, such as phrases of the form "at least one of A, B, and C" or "at least one of A, B, and C," is otherwise to be understood in the context in which it is generally used to indicate that an object, expression, etc., can be either A, B, or C, or any non-empty subset of the sentence consisting of A, B, and C. For example, in the illustrated example of a sentence containing three elements, the connective phrases "at least one of A, B, and C" and "at least one of A, B, and C" refer to any one of the following: {A}, {B}, {C}, {A, B}, {A, C}, {B, C}, {A, B, C}.Thus, such connecting expressions are generally not intended to express that certain embodiments require the presence of at least one of A, at least one of B, and at least one of C. Additionally, unless otherwise stated or contradicted by the context, the term "plurality" also denotes a state of plurality (e.g., "a plurality of elements" denotes multiple elements). In at least one embodiment, a number of elements in a plurality is at least two, but may be more if either explicitly stated or indicated by the context. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated or evident from the context, the phrase "based on" means "at least partially based on" or "at least based on," and not "exclusively based on."

[0089] The operations of processes described herein may be performed in any suitable order, unless otherwise specified herein or the context clearly precludes it. In at least one embodiment, a process, such as the processes described herein (or variations and / or combinations thereof), is carried out under the control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions, and is implemented as code (e.g., executable instructions, one or more computer programs, or one or more applications) that is executed together on one or more processors, by hardware or combinations thereof. In at least one embodiment, code is stored on a computer-readable storage medium, for example, in the form of a computer program comprising a plurality of instructions that can be executed by one or more processors.In at least one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that excludes transitory signals (e.g., a propagating transient electrical or electromagnetic transmission) but includes non-transitory data storage circuits (e.g., buffers, caches, and queues) within transient signal senders / receivers. In at least one embodiment, the code (e.g., executable code or source code) is stored on a set of one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media containing executable instructions (or other storage for executable instructions) which, when executed (i.e., as a result of execution) by one or more processors of a computer system, cause the computer system to perform the operations described herein.In at least one embodiment, a set of nontransitory computer-readable storage media comprises multiple nontransitory computer-readable storage media. One or more of the individual nontransitory storage media do not contain the entire code, while multiple nontransitory computer-readable storage media collectively store the entire code. In at least one embodiment, the executable instructions are executed such that different instructions are executed by different processors—for example, a nontransitory computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, and a central processing unit (CPU) executes some of the instructions, while a graphics processing unit (GPU) executes other instructions.In at least one embodiment, different components of a computer system have separate processors, and different processors execute different subsets of instructions.

[0090] Accordingly, computer systems in at least one embodiment are configured to implement one or more services that, individually or collectively, perform operations of the processes described herein, and such computer systems are configured with applicable hardware and / or software that enables the execution of operations. Furthermore, a computer system implementing at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is a single device, and in another embodiment, a distributed computer system comprising several devices that operate differently, such that the distributed computer system performs the operations described herein and such that a single device does not perform all operations.

[0091] The use of any and all examples or illustrative language (e.g., "such as") provided in this document is intended solely to better clarify the embodiments of the disclosure and does not constitute a limitation of the scope of the disclosure unless claimed otherwise. No wording in the description should be interpreted as indicating any unclaimed element as essential to the implementation of the disclosure.

[0092] Any references, including publications, patent applications and patents mentioned in this document, are hereby incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each reference had been individually and specifically indicated as being included by reference and set forth in this document in its entirety.

[0093] In the description and claims, the terms "coupled" and "connected," along with their derivatives, may be used. It is understood that these terms are not intended to be synonymous. Rather, in specific examples, "connected" or "coupled" can be used to indicate that two or more elements are in direct or indirect physical or electrical contact with each other. "Coupled" can also mean that two or more elements are not in direct contact with each other, but nevertheless interact or work together.

[0094] Unless expressly stated otherwise, in at least one embodiment, terms such as "processing", "calculating", "calculating", "determining" or the like in the entire description are understood to refer to actions and / or processes of a computer or computing system or similar electronic computing device that manipulate and / or convert data represented as physical, e.g. electronic, quantities in the registers and / or memories of the computing system into other data represented in a similar manner as physical quantities in the memories, registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices of the computing system.

[0095] Similarly, the term "processor" can refer to any device or section of a device that processes electronic data from registers and / or memories and converts that electronic data into other electronic data that can be stored in registers and / or memories. As non-restrictive examples, the "processor" can be a CPU or a GPU. A "computing platform" can include one or more processors. As used herein, "software" processes can include, for example, software and / or hardware entities that perform work over time, such as tasks, threads, and intelligent agents. Furthermore, each process can refer to multiple processes for executing instructions sequentially or in parallel, continuously or intermittently.The terms “system” and “method” are used interchangeably in at least one embodiment of this document insofar as a system can embody one or more methods and the methods can be considered as a system.

[0096] This document may refer to the acquisition, capture, reception, or input of analog or digital data into a subsystem, computer system, or computer-implemented machine. In at least one embodiment, a method such as acquiring, capturing, receiving, or inputting analog and digital data can be accomplished in various ways, such as receiving data as a parameter of a function call or a call to an application programming interface. In at least one embodiment, the methods of acquiring, capturing, receiving, or inputting analog or digital data can be achieved by transmitting data over a serial or parallel interface.In at least one embodiment, a method for obtaining, acquiring, receiving, or inputting analog or digital data can be achieved by transmitting data over a computer network from the providing entity to the acquiring entity. In at least one embodiment, reference can also be made to providing, outputting, transmitting, sending, or displaying analog or digital data. In various examples, methods for providing, outputting, transmitting, sending, or displaying analog or digital data can be achieved by transmitting data as input or output parameters of a function call, a parameter of an application programming interface, or an interprocess communication mechanism.

[0097] Although the descriptions herein present exemplary embodiments of the described techniques, other architectures may also be used to implement the described functionality, and they are intended to be within the scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, although specific distributions of responsibilities may be defined above for the purpose of description, various functions and responsibilities may be distributed and divided differently depending on the circumstances.

[0098] Although the subject matter has been further described in language specific to structural features and / or process steps, it is understood that the subject matter claimed in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or steps described. Rather, specific features and steps are disclosed as exemplary ways of implementing the claims.

Claims

Method comprising: generating a predicted frame duration for a first frame; determining an actual frame duration for the first frame; and causing the first frame to be displayed by operating a backlight of a display in a first mode, wherein operating the backlight of the display in the first mode comprises: pulsing the backlight of the display for the first frame at a first time point for a fraction of the predicted frame duration; and pulsing the backlight of the display for the first frame at a second time point based on a difference between the predicted frame duration and the actual frame duration. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulsing of the backlight of the display for the first image comprises at the first time point causing a voltage to be applied to the backlight of the display for a fraction of the predicted image duration. Method according to claim 1, wherein the actual image duration is longer than the predicted image duration, and wherein the second time point is in the middle of the actual image duration. The method of claim 3, wherein the pulsing of the backlight of the display for the first image at the second time comprises causing a voltage to be applied to the backlight of the display for a fraction of the difference between the predicted image duration and the actual image duration. Method according to claim 1, wherein the actual image duration is shorter than the predicted image duration, the method further comprising generating a shorter predicted image duration for a second image. The method of claim 1, further comprising, in response to a frame rate falling below a predetermined threshold, causing a second image to be displayed twice by operating the backlight of the display in the first mode before causing the display of a third image. The method of claim 1, further comprising, in response to a frame rate falling below a predetermined threshold, causing a second image to be displayed by operating the backlight of the display in a second mode, wherein the average brightness of the backlight of the display in the second mode is the same as the average brightness of the backlight of the display in the first mode. The method of claim 7, wherein causing the second image to be displayed by operating the backlight of the display in the second mode comprises at least one of: causing a constant voltage to be applied to the backlight of the display for the duration of the second image; or causing a pulse-width modulated voltage to be applied to the backlight of the display for the duration of the second image. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises: prior to causing the second image to be displayed by operating the backlight of the display in the second mode, modifying one or more pulses of one or more previous images displayed in the first mode. Method according to claim 1, wherein the display comprises a single backlight, and wherein a value of a pixel of the first image is modified based on the predicted image duration for the first image and a position of the pixel within the first image. Method according to claim 1, wherein the display comprises more than one backlight, and wherein a value of a pixel of the first image is modified based on the predicted image duration for the first image. System comprising: a processing unit for generating a first image; a display; and a display control circuit coupled between the processing unit and the display, wherein the display control circuit is configured to: generate a predicted image duration for the first image; determine an actual image duration for the first image; and cause the first image to be displayed by operating a backlight of the display in a first mode, wherein, for operating the backlight of the display in the first mode, the display control circuit is configured to: pulse the backlight of the display for the first image at a first time point for a fraction of the predicted image duration; and pulse the backlight of the display for the first image at a second time point based on a difference between the predicted image duration and the actual image duration. System according to claim 12, wherein the pulsing of the backlight of the display for the first image comprises at the first time point causing a voltage to be applied to the backlight of the display for a fraction of the predicted image duration. System according to claim 12, wherein the actual image duration is longer than the predicted image duration, and wherein the second time point is in the middle of the actual image duration. System according to claim 14, wherein the pulsing of the backlight of the display for the first image at the second time comprises causing a voltage to be applied to the backlight of the display for a fraction of the difference between the predicted image duration and the actual image duration. System according to claim 12, wherein the actual image duration is shorter than the predicted image duration, wherein the display control circuit further generates a shorter predicted image duration for a second image. System according to claim 12, wherein the display control circuit is further configured to cause a second image to be displayed twice in response to a frame rate falling below a predetermined threshold by operating the display backlight in the first mode before causing a third image to be displayed. System according to claim 12, wherein the display control circuit is further configured to cause a second image to be displayed in response to a frame rate falling below a predetermined threshold by operating the backlight of the display in a second mode, wherein an average brightness of the backlight of the display in the second mode is the same as an average brightness of the backlight of the display in the first mode. System according to claim 18, wherein, in order to cause the second image to be displayed by operating the backlight of the display in the second mode, the display control circuit is further configured at least to: cause a constant voltage to be applied to the backlight of the display for the duration of the second image; or cause a pulse-width modulated voltage to be applied to the backlight of the display for the duration of the second image. System comprising: one or more processors; and a display coupled to the one or more processors, wherein the one or more processors are configured to: generate a predicted frame duration for a first frame of a particular processor of the one or more processors; determine an actual frame duration for the first frame; and cause the first frame to be displayed by operating a backlight of the display in a first mode, wherein, for operating the backlight of the display in the first mode, the one or more processors are configured to: pulse the backlight of the display for the first frame at a first time point for a fraction of the predicted frame duration; and pulse the backlight of the display for the first frame at a second time point based on a difference between the predicted frame duration and the actual frame duration.

Images