System for monitoring the activity of animals, especially for livestock farming, with wireless communication

Abstract

A system for monitoring the activity of farm animals, comprising a central core or uniform geometric shape, which is either attached to a chain, rope or pole from an elevated position in the barn or enclosure or lies freely on the ground, and is equipped with one or more motion sensors and a microcontroller which provides the possibility of wireless data transmission and can be used to control or regulate the system.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a system for activity monitoring in livestock farming, in particular a freely suspended or freely lying on the ground monitoring system for continuously recording and analyzing the movement and interaction behavior of livestock. The system is equipped with integrated sensors and is designed to exploit the animals' natural play instinct to draw conclusions about their health and well-being. It can be installed in stables or enclosures and transmits the recorded data wirelessly to a central monitoring unit. This enables effective herd management by allowing early detection of signs of stress or health problems in the animals. [State of the art]

[0002] In modern livestock farming, technological solutions are increasingly being used to monitor and improve animal welfare and health. Traditionally, these technologies focus on monitoring environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, lighting, and air quality within barns or enclosures. Sensor-based systems continuously measure these parameters to ensure that animals are kept in optimal conditions. Through the automated control of ventilation, heating, and cooling systems, farmers can regulate the barn climate and adapt it to the animals' needs.

[0003] In addition to environmental monitoring, there are established methods for recording the general activity of farm animals. For example, pedometers attached to the animals' legs or necks are used, as described in US10898136B2, JP6925638B2, or US7350481B2. These devices count the number of steps or movements and provide basic information about the animals' activity. Although they can provide information about general well-being, they do not allow for detailed analysis of specific behaviors or interactions.

[0004] Collar sensors with integrated accelerometers and GPS modules are also common. They record movement patterns and location data, which are used to detect behaviors such as feeding times, resting periods, or estrus. However, these systems focus primarily on individual physiological states and less on social interactions or the animals' play behavior.

[0005] Video-based monitoring systems are another technology used in livestock farming. Cameras continuously record animal behavior, and image processing algorithms can identify specific behavioral patterns. However, these systems are often expensive and require significant computing resources for data processing. Furthermore, interpreting the data is complex and requires specialized expertise, which limits their widespread application.

[0006] Group-based monitoring systems capture the behavior of the herd as a whole to detect collective changes. Such systems are useful for identifying general trends or stressors, but often miss subtle behavioral changes in individual animals. This can lead to early signs of illness or discomfort not being detected in a timely manner.

[0007] One example of existing technology is the use of automated milking systems in dairy farming. These systems are equipped with sensors that measure parameters such as milk yield, milk conductivity, and body temperature to obtain indications of diseases such as mastitis. Although such systems provide valuable data, they are limited to specific applications and do not capture the animals' general movement or play behavior.

[0008] The patent literature contains various approaches to monitoring farm animals, but there is a lack of systems that specifically utilize the natural instinct to play to assess the animals' well-being. Some patents describe technologies for recording eating and drinking behavior or monitoring vital parameters such as heart rate and respiration. Others relate to the localization of animals within an enclosure using RFID technology or the recognition of movement patterns to predict birth times.

[0009] Despite these advances, there are currently no known systems that use an interactive object to encourage animals to interact naturally while simultaneously collecting detailed movement and behavioral data. Most existing sensors are either permanently installed or attached directly to the animal, which can restrict natural movement or influence behavior. Furthermore, they are not designed to actively motivate animals to interact, but primarily serve as passive data collection.

[0010] The natural play instinct of farm animals is an important indicator of their well-being and health. Reduced play behavior can indicate stress, discomfort, or the onset of disease. However, current technologies do not specifically record the animals' interactions with their environment or with playful objects. Systems that specifically utilize this aspect to alert to potential problems early on are lacking. [Problem statement]

[0011] Continuous monitoring of livestock movement and play behavior is crucial for effective herd management and the early detection of health problems. Active and natural play behavior serves as an indicator of animal well-being and vitality. Changes in this behavior can indicate stress, illness, or other health impairments. Despite this importance, there is a lack of suitable systems that reliably record and analyze these aspects.

[0012] Developing a system that encourages animal interaction while being robust enough to withstand physical stress presents significant mechanical challenges. Animals can exert considerable force on the system by pulling, pushing, biting, or striking it. The system must therefore be made of durable materials that are both resistant to mechanical stress and safe for the animals. It is important to develop a design that minimizes the risk of injury, for example, by avoiding sharp edges or jamming mechanisms.

[0013] Whether the system is placed freely suspended or lying on the ground, each poses specific requirements. For a suspended system, the suspension must be both stable and flexible. It should allow for movement to encourage play, but also be designed so that it won't tear or come loose. For a free-standing system, the structure must be designed so that it won't easily slip or be dragged away by the animals unless desired. Furthermore, the system must be dimensioned and weighted to withstand the interactions without endangering the animals.

[0014] Integrating sensors into such an interactive system presents further technical challenges. The sensors must be precise and sensitive enough to capture relevant movement data without being affected by the harsh conditions in the barn. They must be protected from dirt, moisture, and mechanical damage. This requires robust sealing and possibly the use of shock-absorbing materials.

[0015] The placement of the sensors is critical: They must be positioned to optimally capture the animals' interactions without becoming the target of damage. At the same time, the sensors must not disturb the animals or influence their natural behavior.

[0016] The collected data must be transmitted reliably and in real time to a central monitoring system. However, in stable environments, structural conditions and electromagnetic interference can impair wireless communication. Therefore, a robust communication solution is required, for example, by using wireless technologies suitable for such environments (e.g., ZigBee, LoRaWAN, or Bluetooth Low Energy).

[0017] Another consideration is the system's power supply. Since a wired power supply is impractical in freely suspended or freely moving systems, the system must be energy-efficient and possibly rely on batteries or energy harvesting from the movement itself. Maintenance intervals for battery replacement or power supply changes should be minimized to keep operating costs low. [Intention]

[0018] The objective of this utility model is to provide a freely suspended or freely lying system specifically designed to measure the activity and play instinct of farm animals. By integrating advanced sensor technology and energy-efficient wireless communication, the system is intended to enable continuous and precise monitoring of animal behavior, enabling early response to changes in health status.

[0019] The system uses a three-axis accelerometer to measure movements. The sensor records acceleration values ​​in three spatial directions, enabling detailed analysis of interactions. The system can also be equipped with a gyroscope sensor to capture rotational movements and increase data quality. The sensor sampling rate can be adjusted to specific requirements to achieve an optimal compromise between data quality and energy consumption.

[0020] Energy-efficient wireless protocols such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) are used for data transmission. The use of BLE and the sending of data via so-called advertisements contribute significantly to reducing energy consumption. Alternatively, other wireless transmission protocols that enable energy-efficient data transmission, such as ZigBee, LoRaWAN, or proprietary low-power radio protocols, can also be used.

[0021] The system can be powered by replaceable batteries or by energy harvesting from the system's movements. Piezoelectric sensors can be used to harvest energy from the movements or vibrations, thus ensuring cable-independent operation.

[0022] The signals sent by the data transmission hardware can be used to switch peripheral hardware such as relays. This allows the animals' interaction with the system to trigger certain actions, such as activating feeders, lighting, or other barn equipment.

[0023] The system can also be configured to enable localization. By evaluating the signals, the exact position of the system in the stable or enclosure can be determined, which is useful for data analysis or maintenance. [Invention]

[0024] The invention relates to a freely suspended or freely lying system for activity monitoring in livestock farming. The system can be attached to a chain or rope from an elevated position in the stable or enclosure, or it can be placed freely on the ground so that it is easily accessible to the animals. It contains one or more motion or acceleration sensors that record the animals' interactions. Geometric design:

[0025] The geometric design of the system is flexible and can take various shapes to encourage interaction with the animals. Possible shapes include: • Star-shaped geometry with outriggers: This shape is a three-dimensional geometry in which the outriggers extend from the central core at different spatial angles. The outriggers are arranged to extend into space at different angles and directions, allowing for easier and more diverse interaction with the system. The number of outriggers and their angles can be varied to adapt the interaction options to the specific needs of the animals. • Spherical (ball-shaped) geometry: A sphere provides a symmetrical shape that can be easily moved and is interesting to animals. • Cuboid geometry: A cuboid offers flat surfaces and edges that provide different haptic stimuli. • Three-dimensional polygons: Shapes such as tetrahedrons, octahedrons or dodecahedrons with different corners and edges can further stimulate the animals’ play instinct.

[0026] The system can be designed in multiple colors, with polygonal shapes having each side or surface a different color to increase visual appeal for the animals. The surface can be patterned or textured to provide additional tactile stimulation. Different surface textures, such as rough, smooth, or textured, can convey different tactile sensations and promote interaction. Structure and materials:

[0027] The electronics and sensors are housed inside the system and can be protected by a protective shell made of a hard material such as metal or hard plastic. A soft outer shell made of rubber, silicone, or similar materials ensures safe and injury-free contact with the animals. The outer shell can also be designed in different colors or with visual elements. Integration of a protected charging interface:

[0028] The system may include a charging interface that is fully protected from external influences such as moisture, dust, and mechanical damage. This ensures a safe and long-lasting power supply to the system without compromising the integrity of the protective casing. Design examples for the protected interface: • Hermetically sealed cover: The charging port can be placed under a hermetically sealed cover. This cover can be opened using a screw or click mechanism and contains rubber or silicone seals to prevent the ingress of water and dirt. • Inductive charging: By integrating inductive coils, the system can be charged wirelessly without the need for physical connection points. The inductive charging unit can be concealed beneath the system's outer shell, eliminating the need for openings in the casing. • Magnetic charging ports: Use of magnetic connectors that automatically seal when not connected to the charger. These can sit flush with the case surface, protecting it from external influences. Self-moving elements:

[0029] To increase the attractiveness for the animals and promote their interaction with the system, the system can be equipped with internally installed flywheels and vibration modules These electronically controlled internal components allow the system to move or vibrate on its own, regardless of whether it is positioned hanging or lying down. • Flywheel systems: Flywheels are installed inside the system, which can be briefly accelerated by electric motors. The resulting inertial forces set the entire system in motion or cause fluctuations. • Vibration modules: Vibration motors can also be integrated to cause the system to vibrate. These vibrations generate tactile and acoustic stimuli that attract the animals' attention. • Motion control: The flywheels and vibration modules can be programmed to activate at specific intervals or in response to external stimuli such as the approach of an animal. • Power supply: The energy required to operate the flywheels and vibration modules is provided by the system’s internal power supply. Additional features:

[0030] The system can be equipped with light elements that can emit different colors to encourage interaction with the animals. The light elements can be configured to activate in response to the animals' movements or touches. Additionally, acoustic elements can be integrated that can generate sounds or noises to attract the animals' attention.

[0031] Power is supplied by replaceable batteries, rechargeable batteries, or energy harvesting from the system's movements, for example, through piezoelectric sensors. Wireless data transmission is achieved via energy-efficient protocols such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), ZigBee, LoRaWAN, or proprietary low-power wireless protocols.

[0032] The system may be hermetically sealed to make it more secure against external influences such as moisture and dirt, which increases longevity but can make maintainability more difficult.

[0033] By integrating functions for switching peripheral hardware and localization, the system expands its application possibilities. It can be designed modularly, allowing the addition or removal of various elements and thus adapting its functionality. A device for adjusting the suspension height allows adaptation to different animal sizes. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] US 10898136B2

[0003] JP 6925638B2

[0003] US 7350481B2

[0003]

Claims

[1] A system for monitoring the activity of farm animals, comprising a central core or a uniform geometric shape, which is either attached to a chain, a rope or a rod from an elevated position in the stable or enclosure or lies freely on the ground, and is equipped with one or more movement sensors and a microcontroller which offers the possibility of wireless data transmission and can be used to control or regulate the system. [2] A system according to claim 1, wherein the central core or the uniform geometric shape is either attached to a chain, rope or rod at a height accessible to the animals or is placed freely movable on the ground, the rod, chain or rope being optional and not having to be part of the system. [3] System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the geometric shape of the system must be selected from one of the following groups: ◯ a three-dimensional star-shaped geometry with outriggers, where the outriggers can extend from the central core at different spatial angles to allow easier interaction with the system, and where the number of outriggers and the angles can vary, ◯ a spherical (ball-shaped) geometry, ◯ a cuboid geometry, ◯ a three-dimensional polyhedron with any number of vertices and edges or faces, such as a tetrahedron, octahedron, dodecahedron or other polyhedra. [4] System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the system can be designed in multiple colours and, in the case of a star-shaped or polyhedral shape, each side, surface or cantilever of the system can have a different colour. [5] A system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of the system may be provided with patterns, textures or materials that can convey different tactile sensations, such as rough, smooth or textured, in order to increase the visual and haptic attractiveness to the animals. [6] System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the system can be modular in function or form, by means of a replaceable element which is embedded in one of the said geometries and can be replaced non-destructively, wherein all features can apply to this element. [7] System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the electronics and sensors are housed inside the system or the replaceable element and are protected by a protective casing made of hard material such as metal or hard plastic. [8] System according to claim 7, wherein the protective sheath is additionally provided with an outer layer of soft material such as rubber or silicone to ensure injury-free, hygienic and direct contact with the animals. [9] System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the motion sensor is an at least two-axis acceleration sensor which detects movements in at least two spatial directions. [10] A system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the system may additionally include a gyroscope sensor. [11] System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the system includes a data transmission unit which may be bidirectional and uses, for example, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) to send and receive data via advertisements while minimizing energy consumption. [12] The system of claim 11, wherein the wireless data transmission unit can alternatively support other energy-efficient wireless transmission protocols such as ZigBee, LoRaWAN or proprietary low-power radio protocols. [13] System according to one of the preceding claims, with a power supply unit which necessarily comprises a battery and can be supplemented by energy harvesting from the movements of the system in order to ensure longer cable-independent operation. [14] The system of claim 13, wherein the energy harvesting may be performed by piezoelectric sensors that harvest energy from the movements or vibrations of the system. [15] A system according to any preceding claim, wherein the system may be hermetically sealed to make it more secure against external influences. [16] System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensors can be arranged in the system or the replaceable element in such a way that they optimally detect the interactions of the animals and at the same time are protected from damage. [17] A system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the system may include a charging interface which may be incorporated so as to be completely protected from external influences. [18] The system of claim 17, wherein the charging interface may be protected by design measures such as hermetically sealed covers, inductive charging, magnetic charging ports, or waterproof and dustproof connectors. [19] A system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the system may include internal electronically operated flywheels and / or vibration modules that can be momentarily accelerated or activated to produce movements or vibrations of the system or the replaceable element, whether positioned suspended or lying down. [20] A system according to claim 19, wherein the flywheels and vibration modules can be powered by the internal power supply of the system and the movements or vibrations of the system can be controlled by pre-programmed patterns or sensors that respond to the environment or the interactions of the animals. [21] A system according to any one of the preceding claims, which may be designed to be easy to install and maintain or may be interchangeable to enable use in different types of stables and housing systems. [22] A system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the system may be provided with interchangeable or adaptable outer shells which may vary in shape, colour or texture. [23] A system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the system may include luminous elements capable of emitting different colours to promote interaction with the animals. [24] A system according to claim 23, wherein the lighting elements can be arranged to be activated in response to the movements or touches of the animals. [25] A system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the system may comprise acoustic elements capable of generating sounds or noises to attract the attention of the animals. [26] A system according to claim 25, wherein the acoustic elements can be triggered by interaction of the animals. [27] A system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the system may be designed such that the entire configuration is interchangeable to enable different functions or forms, all features being applicable to said interchangeable configuration. [28] A system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the system may be provided with a device for adjusting the suspension height to adapt it to different animal sizes. [29] System according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the geometric shape of the system can be varied by the manufacturer or by special adaptation modules provided by the manufacturer in order to meet the needs of different animal species or individual animals. [30] System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the system can be equipped with additional sensors that can detect environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity or light intensity. [31] System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the signals emitted by the hardware for data transmission can switch peripheral hardware such as relays for control or regulation. [32] A system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the system may be arranged to enable localisation of the system by the given hardware.

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