Laboratory device with chamber heating

Abstract

Laboratory equipment (1) for incubating liquid laboratory samples contained in sample containers (130), in particular an incubator or incubation shaker, comprising: • a chamber (2) having at least one chamber wall (38) and a chamber opening (2a) for placing and removing the sample containers (130) into an interior (3) of the chamber, wherein the chamber opening can be closed by a door (120), • a heating device (190) for heating the chamber and / or the door, wherein the heating device has at least one heating coil arranged on the outside of at least one chamber wall (38) and / or a door wall (121) of the door (120), characterized in that • the at least one chamber wall (38) and / or the door wall (121) has at least one first surface area in which the heating power emitted by the at least one heating coil is greater than in a second surface area.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a laboratory device with a heating unit for heating a chamber, in particular an incubator or laboratory shaker for incubating microorganisms and cells, especially eukaryotic cells.

[0002] Incubation-capable laboratory equipment, such as incubators or incubated shakers, is used in biological and medical laboratories to maintain samples under controlled environmental conditions. The temperature, gas composition, and humidity of the atmosphere inside an incubator chamber, which is isolated from the surrounding environment, are maintained at the desired levels by the incubator's internal components. Controlling the humidity within the incubator is crucial, as it influences the growth and development of embryos, cells, or microorganisms. Different types of organisms require different humidity levels; therefore, precise humidity control is essential to ensure optimal incubation conditions. Incubators for cell culture enable the growth of living cells in vitro under defined atmospheric conditions.Eukaryotic cells require CO2 incubators. The atmosphere is created using air with a specific CO2 and O2 content and a specific humidity; a suitable temperature is often 37 °C.

[0003] The interior of an incubator or incubated shaker is typically maintained at high humidity, with relative humidity levels around 95% being typical. High and reproducible humidity is crucial to prevent evaporation of the medium from incubated cell cultures, which would concentrate their components. Reproducibility is a core requirement for cell culture experiments, so conditions within the incubation space must always be consistently controlled. Another important aspect is ensuring condensation-free surfaces within the incubation space to prevent contamination.

[0004] Furthermore, the entire surface of the chamber interior must be able to be temperature-controlled so that the temperature never falls below the dew point and condensation is prevented, while the air temperature must be very homogeneous to ensure optimal cell cultivation throughout the chamber. This is particularly challenging at chamber openings, such as the door. Additionally, various interfaces, especially sensors and inlets, must be incorporated into the chamber to guarantee the optimal climate for the cells. This applies to temperature and humidity, as well as gas supply and chamber lighting. At the same time, the number of interfaces must be minimized, as they are increasingly difficult to clean and also introduce atmospheric losses (gas, humidity, and temperature) through them.

[0005] The objective of this invention is to heat such a complexly designed chamber in such a way as to achieve a homogeneous temperature distribution on the surfaces of the interior.

[0006] The invention solves the problem by means of the laboratory device according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments of these items are specified in the dependent claims and can also be found in the description of the invention and the drawings.

[0007] The laboratory device according to the invention for incubating liquid laboratory samples contained in sample containers (130), in particular an incubator or incubation shaker, has: • a chamber (2) having at least one chamber wall (38) and a chamber opening (2a) for placing and removing the sample containers (130) into an interior (3) of the chamber, wherein the chamber opening can be closed by a door (120), • a heating device (190) for heating the chamber and / or the door, wherein the heating device has at least one heating coil arranged on the outside of at least one chamber wall (38) and / or a door wall (121) of the door (120), characterized in that • the at least one chamber wall (38) and / or the door wall (121) has at least one first surface area in which the heating power emitted by the at least one heating coil is greater than in a second surface area.

[0008] The heat flux density, expressed in watts per square meter, is a measure of the heat output per unit area. This heating output per area is suitable for quantifying the different heat outputs in various areas of the chamber walls.

[0009] In areas of the chamber walls, such as the edges, corners, or near openings (first surface area), higher heat losses occur due to the larger surface area exposed to the environment and potential thermal bridges. To compensate for these losses and achieve a homogeneous temperature distribution within the chamber, the heating power is increased in these areas. This is achieved by using a higher surface density heating coil, which results in a higher heat flux density.

[0010] By considering the heat flux density, one can directly compare how much heat is released per unit area in different regions of the chamber walls. A higher heat flux density in the first region means that more heat per square meter is supplied there to compensate for the increased heat losses. In the second region, where the heat losses are lower, a lower heat flux density is sufficient.

[0011] By using the heat flux density as a parameter, it is therefore possible to effectively quantify the different heat output in the various areas of the chamber and to ensure that the temperature within the chamber remains homogeneous and that condensation is avoided.

[0012] The different heat flux density in the first and second surface areas is preferably achieved by varying the surface density of the at least one heating wire or heating coil. Alternatively or additionally to this measure, at least one of the following preferred measures is preferably provided: Preferably, at least one heating wire is used which has materials with different specific resistances along its length in order to vary the heating power in specific areas along its length. A wire with higher resistance generates more heat for the same current.

[0013] Preferably, at least one heating wire has a cross-section that varies along its length. This allows the electrical resistance, and thus the heat output, to be influenced along its length. Thinner wires have a higher resistance and generate more heat per unit length.

[0014] Preferably, the heating device has several independently controllable heating circuits, each of which independently controls at least one heating wire or heating coil located in different areas. This allows the heating output in the various areas to be individually regulated by adjusting the current and voltage.

[0015] In particular, the electrical control unit of the heating system can be configured, and especially programmed, to vary the average heating output by rapidly switching the current on and off in specific areas. Areas with higher heating requirements receive longer operating times.

[0016] Contrary to its usual meaning, the term heating coil also refers to a heating mat or heating film. In particular, flexible heating mats or films can be used instead of heating wires, with varying power output depending on the area. This allows for uniform surface coverage with differentiated heating power. However, it is also preferred that the term heating coil be understood according to its usual meaning and specifically refer to a heating wire, especially one laid in a defined manner.

[0017] By varying the insulation layer or thermal insulation on the chamber walls, heat loss in specific areas can be reduced or increased. Areas with higher heat loss can be better insulated to reduce the required heating output.

[0018] In critical areas, additional heating elements such as heating wires, but also ceramic heaters or infrared radiators can be installed to provide more heat in a targeted manner.

[0019] By incorporating materials with high thermal conductivity in specific areas of the chamber walls or the heating coil, heat distribution and emission can be optimized without directly increasing the heating power. Heat emission can also be influenced by changing the emissivity or reflective properties of the chamber wall surfaces.

[0020] A temperature balance can be achieved by using cooling devices, especially Peltier elements, in areas that require less heat.

[0021] The chamber, particularly an incubator chamber, allows for the control of the chamber atmosphere, especially the temperature inside the chamber, the humidity, and / or the gas composition, in order to create optimal conditions for biological growth processes. Typically, the chamber has a cuboid geometry to ensure efficient use of space, although cylindrical or other geometric shapes may also occur depending on the specific application.

[0022] The chamber consists of various walls, which can be manufactured individually or as an integral unit. The bottom wall forms the lower boundary of the chamber and often bears the weight of the samples and any internal equipment. The top wall forms the upper boundary. The side walls define the lateral boundaries of the chamber and are usually parallel to each other and perpendicular to the bottom and top walls. The rear wall forms the back boundary of the chamber. One or both side walls and / or the rear wall are preferably designed for the installation of at least one technical component, in particular a sensor, at least one (gas) connection, or a mounting device, especially for a shelf insert. The front wall contains the chamber opening and provides access to the interior; it is generally located opposite the rear wall. A chamber wall may also include a mounting for a lighting device or at least one sensor.

[0023] The transition areas between the walls can be either angular or rounded. Angular transitions mean the walls meet at a right angle, which is easier to construct but creates corners where contaminants can accumulate. Rounded transitions are easier to clean and more hygienic because the corners between the walls are rounded. This is particularly important for maintaining sterility.

[0024] The chamber opening is typically located in the front wall of the chamber for easy access. It may be surrounded by a flanged front panel that acts as a frame and enhances the structural integrity of the chamber. This flange also provides an effective seal between the chamber and the door. The chamber door itself can be designed in various configurations. A single-leaf door covers the entire chamber opening, is preferably hinged, and opens preferably outwards or to the side. A double-leaf door consists of two doors that open towards the center, which is advantageous for larger chambers and provides wider access. A sliding door slides laterally along the front wall, saving space by preventing the door from obstructing the work area.

[0025] The doors can be made of various materials, such as metal or glass. Metal doors are often made of stainless steel to ensure durability and easy cleaning. Doors with glass or transparent material allow for observation of the samples without opening the door, minimizing temperature and humidity loss. The door is preferably equipped with seals to prevent uncontrolled air and heat exchange with the environment.

[0026] Typical incubator chamber volumes vary depending on the application. Small chambers have a volume of approximately 20 to 50 liters and are compact, suitable for limited sample quantities or cramped laboratory spaces. Medium chambers, with a volume of approximately 50 to 150 liters, are widely used and suitable for most standard laboratory applications. Large chambers have a volume of over 150 liters up to 450 liters, provide space for larger sample quantities or equipment, and are common in specialized applications.

[0027] The incubator chamber preferably has insulated outer walls to minimize heat loss and ensure a stable internal environment. Heating and preferably also cooling systems are provided to precisely control the temperature within the chamber. Humidity control systems are important for certain biological processes. Sensors such as temperature, humidity, and CO2 sensors can be integrated into the chamber to monitor and control the environmental conditions. The interior fittings can include adaptable shelving systems for the efficient placement of sample vessels or shaking platforms in incubator shakers that keep sample vessels in controlled motion. Preferably, a chamber has a ventilation system to facilitate gas exchange, in particular air filtration, or to improve air circulation.Preferably, a chamber wall has a cable passage, which can be closed, to guide cables or hoses into the chamber, particularly without impairing the seal.

[0028] The heating power emitted over a surface area is preferably specified in watts. It can be measured in a section of heating wire using an electrical measurement. In practice, the surface area used for these specifications is typically between 1 and 50 square decimeters.

[0029] In the incubation chamber, the vertical spacing of parallel wires in the central surface areas (second surface areas) of the floor, side, rear, and ceiling walls is between 3 and 15 cm, particularly between 4 and 10 cm. In the peripheral areas and near openings of the chamber (first surface areas), the spacing is preferably smaller than in the central surface areas. The central surface areas are, in particular, planar areas of the walls.

[0030] Preferably, the heat flux density, expressed in watts per square meter, is greater in the first area than in the second area.

[0031] A heating coil is an electrical heating element. It is typically made of a durable metal and is preferably designed as a spiral or coiled wire. A heating coil is used to generate heat through its electrical resistance when an electric current flows through it.

[0032] The heating coil preferably consists of a heating wire, which constitutes the actual heating element. The heating coil preferably includes a heating wire; this wire can be laid out along a straight line or along a curved path, in particular at least one loop. The heating wire is made of materials with high specific electrical resistance, such as nickel-chromium alloys (nichrome), Kanthal, or constantan. These materials are heat-resistant and can withstand high temperatures for extended periods.

[0033] The heating wire is wound around the outer walls of the chamber in a specific shape to increase the effective surface area and ensure uniform heat distribution. The winding can be spiral, cylindrical, or looped, depending on the application requirements.

[0034] The heating wire can be attached to a substrate, particularly an insulating one, or embedded in a sheath, particularly an insulating one. Electrical insulation ensures electrical safety and allows for control of heat conduction. Materials such as ceramic, mica, or fiberglass can be used for this purpose.

[0035] The heating coil can be applied directly to the outside of a chamber wall. This can be achieved by bonding it with heat-resistant adhesive tapes, such as metallic tapes (e.g., aluminum tape). This type of attachment ensures good thermal contact with the heated surface.

[0036] When an electric current flows through the heating wire, heat is generated due to electrical resistance. This principle is known as Joule heating. The generated heat is transferred to the surroundings through conduction, convection, and radiation. The specific shape and arrangement of the heating coil can optimize heat transfer to achieve a uniform temperature distribution.

[0037] A heating coil consists of one or more heating wires. The term "heating coil" refers to the specific arrangement or shape of the heating wire, namely its coiled or spiral winding. While the heating wire is the basic heating element, the heating coil describes its configuration, which serves to improve heat transfer properties.

[0038] In a laboratory device such as an incubator or laboratory shaker, at least one heating coil can be located on the outside of the chamber wall. According to the invention, by adjusting the density of the winding (area density), the heat output in different areas of the chamber wall can be varied to ensure a homogeneous temperature distribution and to compensate for heat losses in critical areas.

[0039] The heating coil is part of the laboratory device's heating system and is controlled by an electrical control unit that regulates the current flow and thus the heating power. The coiling of the heating wire allows for a larger surface area to be covered, resulting in more uniform heat distribution. The shape and density of the coil can be adapted to specific requirements to generate more or less heat in certain areas. Direct contact between the heating coil and the surface being heated improves heat transfer efficiency.

[0040] The heating coil is glued to the chamber wall, in particular by means of an adhesive tape, preferably metallic adhesive tape, in particular aluminium adhesive tape.

[0041] Preferably, the area coverage ratio of the at least one heating coil, i.e., the area A_H covered by the heating coil on the surface divided by the unit area A, i.e., A_H / A, is greater in the first area than in the second area. The quantity A is also referred to as the reference area and is further explained in particular in connection with the figures.

[0042] Preferably, the length of the at least one heating coil laid on the surface per unit area, measured in meters per square meter, is greater in the first area than in the second area.

[0043] Preferably, the proportion of the length of heating wire per planar area (for example, centrally in the ceiling wall area of ​​the chamber) - as the second area - is compared with the proportion of the length of heating wire in the chamber wall edge area and / or a chamber wall opening and / or a chamber wall curvature area - as the first area.

[0044] Preferably, the first surface area is located closer to an edge of the chamber wall, an opening in the chamber wall, and / or a curved area, particularly a corner of the chamber, than the second surface area. In at least one of these areas, preferably in several or all of them, more heat is dissipated to the environment compared to the planar surface of the chamber wall. This can be compensated for by the higher heating coil density or higher heating power. As a result, a more homogeneous chamber temperature is achieved, and the risk of condensation on the first surface areas is avoided.

[0045] Preferably, the first surface area is located closer to an edge of a chamber wall than the second surface area. The heating power delivered to a chamber wall surface unit is then preferably greater near the edge of the chamber wall than in a planar central chamber wall area (the second surface area).

[0046] Preferably, the first surface area is located closer to an opening in the chamber wall than the second surface area. The heating power delivered to a chamber wall surface unit is then preferably greater near the opening of the chamber wall than in a planar central chamber wall area (the second surface area). The opening can, in particular, be the chamber door opening. Around the opening or door opening, the distance between two parallel heating wire sections can be smaller than in the second surface area. The opening in the chamber wall can be open, i.e., unoccupied, or it can be occupied by an installation, in particular closed or partially closed, especially by a gas connection, a sensor, a steam inlet, a movable or fixed seal, a coupling rod, or a cable gland.

[0047] Preferably, the first surface area is located closer to a curved area, in particular a corner of the chamber, than the second surface area. The heating power delivered to a chamber wall surface unit is then preferably greater near the curved area of ​​the chamber wall than in a planar central chamber wall area (the second surface area).

[0048] Preferably, the laboratory device includes an electrical control unit, in particular a data processing unit, and is preferably programmed to detect the temperature of the chamber, in particular the chamber wall, and in particular to adjust the power of the heating device as a function of this temperature. Preferably, the control unit is programmed to regulate the temperature of the heating device to a desired, in particular constant, target temperature. Preferably, the control unit is programmed to form a heating control loop configured to regulate the temperature measured at a chamber wall by means of a temperature sensor to a constant target temperature by means of a heating coil.

[0049] Preferably, the chamber is bounded by a chamber floor wall. In a laboratory shaker, this wall separates the interior of the chamber from a device space preferably provided below the chamber floor wall and is designed to couple a drive device with a platform device arranged within the chamber, in particular by having at least one bottom opening, and more preferably several bottom openings, preferably two, three or more preferably four bottom openings.

[0050] Preferably, a laboratory device designed as a laboratory shaker has at least one connecting element, in particular a coupling rod, by which the platform assembly is detachably connected to the at least one drive component. The connection by this connecting element is preferably positive-locking and / or friction-locking. Preferably, the at least one connecting element extends through at least one bottom opening in the chamber floor wall when the platform assembly is connected to the at least one drive component. Preferably, several bottom openings are provided, each through which exactly one connecting element extends.

[0051] Preferably the shaking movement runs parallel to the chamber bottom wall, i.e., in particular horizontally, wherein at least one bottom opening of the chamber bottom wall is preferably dimensioned in such a way that the relative movement of the connecting element and the chamber bottom wall corresponding to the shaking movement is enabled.

[0052] Preferably, the at least one bottom opening is sealed by a sealing element arranged between the chamber bottom wall and the connecting element. Preferably, each bottom opening is sealed by a sealing element, which is arranged, in particular, between the chamber bottom wall and the connecting element.

[0053] Preferably, the sealing element is connected to the connecting element, but preferably not to the chamber bottom wall, or preferably also to the chamber bottom wall. The connection is preferably force-fit and / or form-fit and / or material-fit.

[0054] Preferably, the chamber bottom wall has at least one bottom opening which is closed by a sealing element. Preferably, the laboratory shaker has at least one connecting element which connects the at least one drive component to the platform assembly and which extends through the at least one bottom opening and the sealing element.

[0055] Preferably, an insulating layer made of a thermally insulating material is arranged below the chamber, adjacent to or adjoining the chamber bottom wall or the heating coil preferably located there. This insulating layer particularly has an opening through which the connecting element passes. The opening is preferably oriented concentrically to the chamber bottom opening. Preferably, an insulating element connected to the connecting element is provided, which is movable relative to the insulating layer together with the connecting element and which covers or closes the opening in the axial direction, particularly also during shaking.

[0056] The functions of the control unit are implemented primarily through program code and / or electronic circuits. The control unit may include a microcontroller, a processing unit (CPU) for data processing, or a microprocessor, each of which may be assigned to the data processing unit.

[0057] The control unit can also be a control device that controls at least one, several, or all functions of the laboratory device. One of the functions of the laboratory device is, in particular, the regulation of the temperature in the incubation chamber of the laboratory device, or the regulation of the gas composition in the incubation chamber, especially the CO2 concentration. Another function of the laboratory device is, in particular, the control of a user interface module of the laboratory device that displays information to the user, especially about sensor values ​​relating to physical or chemical quantities measured in / on the incubation chamber.

[0058] Preferably, the electrical control device is programmed to execute a high-temperature program according to which the chamber interior is heated to a predetermined temperature by means of the heating device for a predetermined period, wherein the period can be between 1 minute and 12 hours, in particular 20 minutes to 5 hours, and wherein the temperature can be between 90 °C and 140 °C, in particular up to 180 °C or up to 200 °C.

[0059] An incubator or laboratory shaker for shaking laboratory samples is specifically designed to regulate the temperature of the samples. Such laboratory devices are electrically operated and have a power connection. The device regulates the temperature of the samples, meaning it maintains the interior of the housing, and thus the samples stored there, within specified tolerances by means of temperature control at a setpoint temperature, which is typically adjustable by the user. This temperature can be above room temperature (ambient temperature), as is the case with a heating cabinet or incubator, or below room temperature, as is the case with a refrigerator or freezer. In a laboratory shaker designed as a climate-controlled shaker, a climate parameter prevailing inside the housing is preferably also regulated within specified tolerances. This climate parameter can be the humidity and / or a gas concentration, e.g.,a CO2, O2 and / or N2 concentration. Such a climate laboratory shaker is, for example, a laboratory shaker for shaking laboratory samples, especially those with live cell cultures, with an incubator function, also known as an incubation shaker.

[0060] Typical features of such laboratory shakers may include one or more of the following: Temperature controllability of the chamber: Heating to a maximum of 60 or 80 °C for cell culture. Shaking speed range: (25 - 500, -1000 rpm). Housing format such that it can be set up in the laboratory (on the laboratory table, under the laboratory table, stackable floor-standing models). Stackability of the housing (2 or 3 or more on top of each other). Capacity and throughput: Vessel type, size and capacity. Loading method (from the front or from above). CO2 regulation. Photosynthetic light.

[0061] Particularly preferably, the laboratory device, especially an incubator or laboratory shaker, is configured to carry out a high-temperature sterilization process inside the chamber using a temperature control device and / or a heating device, in which the chamber is exposed to a temperature between 150 °C and 200 °C, preferably at least 180 °C, for a period of several seconds (e.g., 1, 2, 5, 10, 30 seconds) to several minutes (e.g., up to 1, 2, 35, 10, 30, 60, 120, 240, 480, or 600 minutes). Particularly preferably, the laboratory device, especially an electronic control device which controls the temperature control device and / or the heating device, is configured to maintain the temperature of the chamber for a period of more than one hour, particularly for a period of several hours, e.g.,The chamber is to be exposed to a target temperature between 150 °C and 200 °C, preferably at least 180 °C, for a period of time within an interval of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 hours. The chamber typically requires a heating period to reach the target temperature and a cooling period to cool back down to a normal operating temperature. The chamber, or its walls, are made of a suitably high-temperature-resistant material, in particular stainless steel or aluminum, especially anodized aluminum.

[0062] The laboratory device, in particular the incubator or laboratory shaker, preferably has a housing. The housing is preferably an outer housing whose walls are in contact with the environment. The housing door can accordingly be an outer housing door that, in the closed position, borders the environment.

[0063] The housing door has, in particular, a hinge mechanism that pivotally connects the housing door to the housing. Such a hinged door is moved between an open and a closed position by rotation. The hinge mechanism can, in particular, be located on the vertically oriented outer edge of a cuboid housing, adjacent to the housing opening, as is typical for the laboratory shaker in normal use. The base plate of a cuboid housing is arranged horizontally in normal use, the side walls of the housing are arranged vertically, and the top plate of the housing is arranged horizontally opposite the base plate. Insulating material is preferably arranged between the housing and the chamber, and in particular between the heating coils and the housing.

[0064] A data processing unit is preferably part of the electrical control unit that controls the functions of the laboratory device and which the laboratory device preferably includes. The functions of the control unit are implemented, in particular, by electronic circuits. The control unit can include a microcontroller, a processing unit (CPU) for processing data, and / or a microprocessor, each of which can incorporate the data processing unit. The control unit and / or the data processing unit is preferably configured to carry out a control method, also referred to as control software or a control program. Such a control method, or control software or a control program, can define the time course of a heating power output of a laboratory device or a shaking motion of a laboratory shaker, which can be carried out by means of the shaking device.This shaking motion is defined in particular by the direction(s) of translational movements and / or the amplitude(s) of successive movement segments performed in an xy-plane. This xy-plane is generally parallel to the sample platform and / or a chamber floor. Preferred diameters of a shaking motion performed in an xy-plane are between 0 and 5.08 cm (2 inches) or up to 7.62 cm (3 inches). The shaking device, in particular an orbital drive, is preferably configured for a shaking motion with a maximum diameter between 0 and 2.54 cm (1 inch), between 0 and 5.08 cm (2 inches), or up to 7.62 cm (3 inches). The functions of the laboratory shaker and / or the control device can be described in process steps. They can be implemented as components of the control program, in particular as subprograms of the control program.

[0065] Preferably, the laboratory shaker is an incubation shaker. The incubation shaker can then also be operated as a laboratory incubator and is thus a device with which controlled climatic conditions can be created and maintained for various biological development and growth processes. It serves in particular to create and maintain a microclimate with regulated gas, humidity, and / or temperature conditions in the chamber, whereby this treatment can be time-dependent.The incubation shaker may in particular have a timer, especially a time switch, a temperature control device designed as a heating and / or cooling device and preferably a setting for regulating an exchange gas supplied to the chamber, an adjustment device for the composition of the gas in the chamber of the incubation shaker, in particular for adjusting the CO2 and / or the O2 and / or the N2 content of the gas and / or an adjustment device for adjusting the humidity in the chamber of the incubation shaker.

[0066] A laboratory device, in particular an incubator or incubation shaker, comprises, in particular, the incubator chamber (=chamber), and preferably a control device with at least one control loop, to which at least one heating device or temperature control device is assigned as the actuator and at least one temperature sensor as the measuring element. Depending on the embodiment, the humidity can also be controlled via this device, wherein the humidity is preferably measured by a humidity sensor (rH sensor) in the chamber and the humidity is, in particular, the input variable of the control loop. For humidifying the chamber, a water-filled tray can be provided in the incubator chamber, which can be heated or cooled to adjust the humidity via evaporation.

[0067] However, it is preferable to provide an evaporator device on the outside of the chamber, which generates steam as needed and supplies it to the chamber through a steam inlet opening in the chamber wall. This steam supply is preferably regulated by the control unit. CO2 incubation shakers are used in particular for the cultivation of animal or human cells.

[0068] The control device can be configured to automatically select a program parameter or a control parameter of the laboratory equipment, in particular the incubator or incubation shaker, depending on other data. In the case of an incubator or incubation shaker, treatment of at least one cell culture in at least one cell culture container controlled by a control parameter corresponds in particular to climate treatment to which the at least one cell culture is subjected.Possible parameters, in particular program parameters, in particular user parameters, which are used to influence a climate treatment, define in particular the temperature of the chamber in which the at least one sample is incubated, the relative gas concentration of O2 and / or CO2 and / or N2 in the chamber, the humidity in the chamber and / or at least one process parameter that influences or defines the process, in particular the sequence, of an incubation treatment program and / or shaking program consisting of several steps.

[0069] The temperature control device can be a combined heating / cooling device. Preferably, it is solely a heating device. The heating device can be a component of a temperature control device. In particular, the heating device can generate heat via an electrical resistance wire. Preferably, the resistance wire is attached as a heating coil to the outside of at least one, several, or all of the chamber walls that form the chamber.

[0070] Laboratory shakers, or incubation shakers, can have a single chamber or multiple chambers, the atmosphere of which (temperature, relative gas concentration, humidity) can be individually or collectively adjusted. A typical chamber volume ranges from 50 to 400 liters, although smaller chamber sizes, particularly 10 to 49 liters, are available for specific applications (IVF).

[0071] Further preferred embodiments of a laboratory shaker according to the invention can be found in the description of the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures. The same reference numerals denote essentially identical components.

[0072] They show: Fig. Figure 1a shows a perspective side-frontal view of a laboratory device according to the invention as an exemplary embodiment. Fig. 1b shows the laboratory equipment of the Fig. 1a, with a view into the interior of the chamber with the swing door open. Fig. Figure 1c shows a side-perspective view of the laboratory equipment of the Fig. 1a, with the side wall removed and a view into the electronics room. Fig. Figure 2 shows a cutaway, side perspective view of the laboratory equipment of the Fig. 1c, with section along a longitudinal axis A of the lighting device of the laboratory equipment Fig. 1c. Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b shows a cross-sectional view through the laboratory shaker of the Fig. 1a along the in Fig. Line AA shown in 1a, with the side panel of the housing not shown. Fig. Figure 4a shows a perspective rear view of the laboratory shaker. Fig. 1a, with back panels removed and insulation layer taken out. Fig. 4b shows the rear view of the Fig. 4a, with inserted insulation layer and rear splash water protection. Fig. Figure 4c shows a vertical section through the laboratory shaker of the Fig. 1a, perpendicular to the swing door. Fig. Figure 5 shows a front view of the interior of the swing door of the laboratory shaker. Fig. 1a facing inside of the inner door wall of the swing door.

[0073] Fig. Figure 1a shows a perspective side-frontal view of a laboratory device 1 according to the invention with an incubation function, here a laboratory shaker 1. It is a CO2 incubation shaker, in particular stackable, with an incubation chamber that can be sterilized, in particular by means of high-temperature disinfection of the chamber interior 3. The incubation chamber 2 has an atmospheric composition suitable for the samples to be incubated, here with a defined CO2 concentration, temperature, and humidity for the incubation of live cell cultures.

[0074] The laboratory shaker 1 has a housing 19 in which the chamber 2 is arranged. The housing 19 has a side wall 7, another side wall (not shown), a rear wall (not shown), a top wall 86, a bottom plate (not shown), the front panel 6, a rear panel (not shown), and side panels 8. The chamber opening 2a of chamber 2, as shown in Fig. 1c and Fig. As shown in 1b, when the swing door 120 is closed, it is sealed by means of a door seal 10a so that during operation of the laboratory shaker 1 only a negligible exchange of gases or water vapor takes place between the interior of the chamber 3 and the environment of the laboratory shaker.

[0075] The swing door 120 has a viewing window 170, which is designed as a double-walled glass panel. Both the swing door and the viewing window are heated to prevent condensation on the door, see [reference]. Fig. 5. The swing door 120 can be swung upwards from the front wall plane by means of a swing mechanism 15 with two gas springs that assist in opening; the open position of the swing door is in Fig. Figure 1b shows that when the swing door is closed using handle 11, the user tensions the gas springs, which is assisted by the weight of the door. The swing door features a touchscreen display 160 for displaying operating parameters and for entering user-definable parameters. Despite the relatively high mass of the swing door, which is due to its numerous functions, it is easy to operate.

[0076] The chamber is manufactured in one piece from stainless steel and includes side walls 32, 34, a ceiling wall (not shown), the rear wall 33, the chamber floor wall 31, and a front panel surrounding the chamber opening 2a. The outer walls of the chamber have first surface areas, particularly near the chamber opening 2a, in which a higher heating power per unit area is emitted, and second surface areas, particularly centrally in the planar area of ​​the ceiling wall, in which a lower heating power per unit area is emitted than in the first surface areas. The variation in heating power is achieved by varying the density of the heating wire of the heating coil. Near the opening, heating wire sections are positioned closer together on the chamber wall than in the more distant, central second surface areas.

[0077] The advantage of the invention lies in the creation of homogeneously tempered chamber surfaces, which ensure a uniform temperature distribution inside the chamber without the need for fans to mix the air. It is not necessary to move or exchange the air.

[0078] Heating the chamber walls to prevent condensation is based on the principle of raising the wall temperature above the dew point of the surrounding humid air. This prevents the air in contact with the inner wall from cooling to a temperature at which water vapor would condense. This approach ensures a dry inner wall, prevents moisture damage, and contributes to a stable and homogeneous temperature distribution within the chamber. Heating the walls achieves a uniform temperature inside the chamber, which not only prevents condensation but also creates optimal conditions for sample incubation. Because the temperature is regulated directly at the walls and there are no cold surfaces, no air circulation by fans is necessary to compensate for temperature differences. This reduces potential contamination risks and preserves the integrity of the samples.

[0079] In Fig. Figure 1c shows the electronics compartment of the laboratory shaker, which is located to the side of the chamber. A lighting device 100 for illuminating the interior of the chamber, as well as other components, are located in electronics compartment 5. In particular, the door mechanism 15 and the shaking drive 20, here a BLDC motor, are located outside the chamber 2. This allows for efficient use of the interior of the chamber 3, and in particular, prevents the drive components from being heated during a high-temperature sterilization process applied to the interior of the chamber. A large part of the drive unit with gearbox is located in the device compartment 4, which is located below the chamber floor 31 behind the front panel 6. The platform to be shaken (not shown) is shaken by means of coupling rods (not shown) that project from the bottom openings 35 in the chamber floor wall 31 into the interior of the chamber.The chamber openings are sealed by particularly elastic sealing elements 50, which are connected to the coupling rods and are moved horizontally with them during the shaking movement, while the sealing elements lie close to the sliding surface 36 and slide on it.

[0080] Various electronic components shown in the electronics compartment are arranged on the frame wall 88, in particular the lighting device 100, the evaporator 91, the CO2 sensor 92, the humidity sensor 93, the power supply components 94 of the drive and the heating device for heating the chamber, and the electronic circuit board 95. The electronic circuit board 95 includes, in particular, the control device 96 of the laboratory shaker. This is programmed, in particular, to regulate the heating power applied by means of the heating coil to several heating circuits and, in particular, to execute a high-temperature sterilization program applied to the chamber interior 3, according to one aspect of the invention. The heating device is specifically configured to regulate a ceiling heating circuit with which the ceiling wall of the chamber is heated, a floor heating circuit with which the floor wall of the chamber is heated, and a door heating circuit with which a door wall 121 is heated.Also visible is a water evaporator 91, with which water can be evaporated and introduced into the interior of the chamber.

[0081] The control unit 96 uses the door sensor 53 to register the opening and / or closing of the door 120, in particular the activity of the pivoting mechanism 15. The control unit is programmed to reduce the heating power of the heating coil when the door is opened.

[0082] The components of the laboratory shaker are supported by a first lateral frame wall (not shown) and, opposite this, the second lateral frame wall 88. The two frame walls rest on the device base 9 and are firmly connected to it. The housing top wall 86 and the housing rear wall further stabilize the support structure 88.

[0083] Fig. Figure 2 shows a section perpendicular to the chamber side wall 34. Various installations require the following openings in the chamber side wall 34: i) a combined inlet opening 126, 142 for light and CO2 gas; ii) an inlet opening for the vapor exiting the evaporator 91 and entering the interior of the chamber; iii) an opening for the insertion of the CO2 sensor 92; iv) an opening for the insertion of the humidity sensor 93.

[0084] The aforementioned components are arranged perpendicular to the chamber side wall 34 such that they emerge from the outside of the frame side wall 88 through openings in the frame side wall 88, are guided through openings in the thermal insulation layer 70, and finally enter the chamber interior through openings in the chamber side wall 34, these openings in the chamber side wall 34 being gas-tightly sealed by a sealing agent. The thermal insulation layer preferably consists of or incorporates a porous plastic. However, glass wool and / or mineral wool can also be used. According to the invention, heat losses at these openings can be counteracted by a higher heating output near these openings.

[0085] Fig. 3a and Fig. Figure 3b shows the space between the chamber ceiling wall 38 and the ceiling sheet wall 86 of the support frame 80, filled with thermal insulating foam 114. The thermal insulation of the chamber is further improved by the fact that the chamber flange 2b, which forms one of the chamber front walls 10b and is integrally formed with the chamber 2 (made of stainless steel), does not directly contact the support structure 80 or its sheet walls 86, but is indirectly connected to the support structure 80 via a plastic spacer strip 115. This minimizes the unwanted heat transfer between the support structure 80 and chamber 2. Plastic spacers are also provided in other areas inside the laboratory device between the support structure 80 and chamber 2 to support the chamber.

[0086] Fig. Figure 3a shows, using a cross-section through the laboratory equipment, the area perpendicular to the door leaf element 120 and along the [unclear] Fig. 1a shows line AA, how the locking magnet 183 almost contacts the front wall 10b. Fig. Figure 3b shows the same section, but also shows the silicone seal 10a, which runs around the chamber opening 2a and obscures the view of the magnet 183.

[0087] Fig. Figure 3b also shows the heating device 190, which is provided for heating the chamber and which has a heating coil 190a arranged on the outside of the at least one chamber wall. The at least one chamber wall has at least a first surface area in which the heating power emitted by the at least one heating coil is greater than in a second surface area, in particular by laying the at least one heating coil with a higher surface density in the first area. The first surface area is, in particular, the one that runs along the edge 2a_4 as a strip-shaped edge area of ​​the chamber.There, three electrically insulated heating wires 190a are laid directly next to each other, especially in contact with each other, while in the second area, here for example in the central area 2a_5 of the chamber ceiling wall, a lower heating power per area is emitted by the heating wire(s) 190b, by making the distance between the heating wire sections several times greater than in the first area, or by spacing the wires apart from each other, as in the first area, by contacting each other without spacing, as in the first area.

[0088] Due to the way the diagram is presented, sections of horizontal webs 190b are visible in the central areas 2a_5. This is a mixed cross-sectional and side view, in which the deeper curves of the heating coil are also visible as webs. The respective wire cross-section is represented by the square cross-section 190b_1, which is visible at the end of a horizontal web. The area of ​​the reference surface in the parameter "area density" (the surface area A_H occupied by the wire divided by the reference surface area A) refers here to the area enclosed by a heating coil 190b, in particular multiplied by a factor f chosen from {1, 2, ..., 10}, preferably f=2, as the reference surface area. A heating coil is understood here as a wire laid out as a loop, i.e., having two straight parallel sections connected by a 180° curved section, see Fig. 4c. Alternatively, the reference area can also be chosen as a fraction of the total external chamber wall surface area defined by two side walls, the bottom wall, the top wall, and the rear wall, as well as the respective curved connecting sections. This fraction can be selected from the preferred proportions {1 / 30; 1 / 20; 1 / 10; 1 / 5}. The reference area can also be any unit area, e.g., 1 dm². 2 .

[0089] The high surface density of the heating wire at chamber opening 2a_4 compensates for heat losses, which is due to the wire's position at the chamber opening. The heating power input along the chamber is varied by adjusting the surface density of the heating wire in areas 2a_4 and 2a_5. This variation in surface density also results in a more homogeneous temperature distribution along the chamber and reduces the risk of condensation by preventing the formation of cooler initial surface areas. The surface density is also higher in the curved transition areas between the chamber walls (e.g., between the back wall and ceiling, back wall and side walls, and back wall and bottom wall) than in the central area 2a_5, approximately in a ratio of 1.5 to 1, which further contributes to improved temperature homogeneity.

[0090] Fig. Figure 4a shows the rear of the incubator with the outer housing wall removed and with the insulation material layer 116, located in the space between the rear chamber wall and the outer housing wall, removed. The insulation material layer 116 is, however, in Fig. 4b shown. Glass wool or rock wool is provided on the back wall, as well as above the chamber; foam components are provided on the sides and at the bottom of the chamber.

[0091] Fig. Figure 4c shows a vertical section through the laboratory apparatus 1 perpendicular to the pivot door 120. The platform assembly 190 sits on coupling rods that project vertically upwards through the chamber floor wall 31 and connect the transfer plate 44 provided in the drive compartment 4 to the platform assembly 190, which carries sample vessels, such as the Erlenmeyer flasks shown. The transfer plate 44 is coupled to the drive and is shaken during operation of the incubation shaker 1.

[0092] With chamber opening 2a closed, the insulation material panels 114, 117, 116, 118, 125 form an insulating enclosure around an interior space containing chamber 2. The platform unit 200 is necessarily located in chamber 2, but neither components of the swing door unit 100 nor those of the drive unit are present there. This ensures optimal use of the chamber volume.

[0093] Fig.Figure 5 shows a front view of the inner side 121' of the inner door wall 121 of the swing door 120, facing the interior of the swing door. A heating wire with variable area density is laid on this inner side 121'. A separate heating circuit is provided, which is also assigned to the heating device 190 and is controlled by the control device 96. The heating circuit has a heating coil with a first heating coil section in which two heating wire sections 193 run directly parallel and side by side completely around the door window 170, thus resulting in a higher heat input in this first area 121a than in the second area 121b centrally on the inner side 121' of the wall 121, in which a second heating coil section of the heating coil runs as individually laid heating wire sections 194. This compensates for heat losses that occur through the window opening 170.Similarly, and also analogous to the principle according to the invention, the heating coil has a third heating coil section in which three heating wire sections 195 are laid directly parallel and next to each other near the edge area 121a' of the door wall 121 completely circumferentially, whereby a higher heating power input is achieved in this first surface area 121a' than in the second surface area 121b centrally in the inside 121' of the wall 121, in which a second heating coil section of the heating coil runs as individually laid heating wire sections 194.

Claims

[1] Laboratory apparatus (1) for incubating liquid laboratory samples contained in sample containers (130), in particular an incubator or incubation shaker, comprising: • a chamber (2) having at least one chamber wall (38) and a chamber opening (2a) for placing and removing the sample containers (130) into an interior (3) of the chamber, wherein the chamber opening can be closed by a door (120), • a heating device (190) for heating the chamber and / or the door, wherein the heating device has at least one heating coil arranged on the outside of at least one chamber wall (38) and / or one door wall (121) of the door (120), characterized by , that • the at least one chamber wall (38) and / or the door wall (121) has at least one first surface area in which the heating power emitted by the at least one heating coil is greater than in a second surface area. [2] Laboratory apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the at least one heating coil in the first surface area is laid with a higher surface density. [3] Laboratory apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the at least one heating coil extends with a greater length in the first surface area than in the second surface area. [4] Laboratory apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a first surface area is provided in which the distance between two parallel heating wire sections of a heating coil is less than in a second surface area in which the distance between two parallel heating wire sections of the heating coil is greater than in the first surface area. [5] Laboratory apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a first surface area is provided which is arranged adjacent to the chamber opening, and a second surface area is provided which is not arranged adjacent to the chamber opening and is further away from the chamber opening than the first surface area. [6] Laboratory apparatus according to claim 5, wherein in the first surface area two, three or more heating wire sections are arranged parallel and next to each other, in particular directly next to each other, and in the second surface area at least one heating wire section is provided next to which no further heating wire section runs directly adjacent and parallel. [7] Laboratory apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the first surface area is formed immediately adjacent to a flange circumferential to the chamber opening, which forms a chamber front wall of the chamber. [8] Laboratory apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the heating wire of the heating coil is glued to the at least one chamber wall. [9] Laboratory apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the bonding is effected by an adhesive film. [10] Laboratory apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the heating device has several heating circuits, each of which is assigned a heating coil, wherein the control device is set up, in particular programmed, to operate the heating coil of different heating circuits with different heating power as required. [11] Laboratory apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a different heat flux density is achieved in the first and second surface areas by using at least one heating wire which has materials with different specific resistances along its length. [12] Laboratory apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a different heat flux density in the first and second surface areas is achieved by using at least one heating wire of the heating coil which has materials with different specific resistances along its length. [13] Laboratory apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein a different heat flux density in the first and second surface areas is achieved by having at least one heating wire of the heating coil having a cross-section that varies along its length. [14] Laboratory device according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein a different heat flux density is achieved in the first and second surface areas by the heating device having several independently controllable heating circuits, each of which in particular independently controls at least one heating wire or heating coil which are laid in different surface areas. [15] Laboratory apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, which is designed as an incubator or as a laboratory shaker.

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