Battery box and battery pack

Abstract

Battery box comprising a box body, a first liquid cooling plate, a second liquid cooling plate, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; wherein the box body is provided with a receiving cavity for receiving a battery module and the first liquid cooling plate and the second liquid cooling plate are located on two sides of the receiving cavity along a first direction;wherein a plurality of first flow channels are distributed along a second direction in the first liquid cooling plate, wherein the length of each of the first flow channels extends along a third direction, wherein a plurality of first immersion holes are formed on a side surface of the first liquid cooling plate facing the interior of the receiving cavity, which are connected to the plurality of first flow channels and the receiving cavity, and the first immersion holes connected to the same first flow channel are spaced apart along the third direction;wherein a plurality of second flow channels are distributed along the second direction in the second liquid cooling plate, the length of each of the second flow channels extending along the third direction, wherein a plurality of second immersion holes are formed on a side surface of the second liquid cooling plate facing the interior of the receiving cavity, the second immersion holes being connected to the plurality of second flow channels and the receiving cavity, and the second immersion holes connected to the same second flow channel being spaced apart along the third direction, the first direction, the second direction and the third direction being arranged at angles to each other; wherein the liquid outlet communicates with the plurality of first flow channels and the liquid inlet communicates with the plurality of second flow channels.

Description

This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202421111018.4, filed on May 20, 2024 in the Chinese Patent Office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThe present application relates to the technical field of batteries, specifically, to a battery box and a battery pack.PRIOR ARTA battery pack generally includes a battery box and a battery module disposed in the battery box, and the battery module is formed by disposing a plurality of cells in a predetermined manner. Heat dissipation of the battery pack is extremely important, and the quality of the heat dissipation effect directly affects the life of the battery pack. At present, the battery pack uses air cooling, heat dissipation of the water cooling plate, and heat dissipation of the immersion coolant. For the heat dissipation mode of the immersion coolant, the coolant is directed into the battery box and brought into contact with the cell shell for heat exchange. At present, this heat dissipation method is generally configured at one end of the length direction of the battery box, and the other end is provided with a liquid outlet. The liquid inlet introduces coolant and the coolant flows out of the liquid outlet after flooding the cell. The coolant cools the battery box from the outside and, after cooling, is transported to the liquid inlet and so on to cool the cell of the battery module.Technical ProblemAfter the coolant has entered the battery box, the cells near the liquid inlet may contact more lower temperature coolant, while the cells far from the liquid inlet have little or even no contact with the lower temperature coolant, resulting in some cells in the battery box being unable to be immersed in the lower temperature coolant, and this portion of the cells is prone to poor heat exchange, and the cells having poor heat exchange effect age prematurely and reduce capacity, thereby reducing the life of the battery pack.Technical SolutionThe application provides a battery box. It comprises a box body, a first liquid cooling plate, a second liquid cooling plate, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; wherein the box body is provided with a receiving cavity for receiving a battery module, and the first liquid cooling plate and the second liquid cooling plate are located on two sides of the receiving cavity along a first direction; wherein a plurality of first flow channels are distributed along a second direction in the first liquid cooling plate, wherein the length of each of the first flow channels extends along a third direction, wherein a plurality of first immersion holes are formed on a side surface of the first liquid cooling plate facing the interior of the receiving cavity, which are connected to the plurality of first flow channels and the receiving cavity, and the first immersion holes, which are connected to the same first flow channel, are spaced apart along the third direction; wherein a plurality of second flow channels are distributed along the second direction in the second liquid cooling plate, the length of each of the second flow channels extends along the third direction, wherein a plurality of second immersion holes are formed on a side surface of the second liquid cooling plate facing the interior of the receiving cavity, which are connected to the plurality of second flow channels and the receiving cavity, and the second immersion holes, which are connected to the same second flow channel, are arranged spaced apart along the third direction, wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are arranged at angles to one another; wherein the liquid outlet communicates with the plurality of first flow channels and the liquid inlet communicates with the plurality of second flow channels.The application further provides a battery pack including a battery module and a battery box, the battery module being hermetically mounted in the battery box.Advantageous EffectsAdvantageous Effects of the Present Application:By disposing the first liquid cooling plate and the second liquid cooling plate on opposite sides of the receiving cavity along the first direction after the coolant enters the second flow channel from the liquid inlet, the flow is first divided, and then enters the receiving cavity through the second immersion hole to cool the battery module by immersion heat exchange. Because the second flow channel is provided in a plurality along the second direction and the length direction of each second flow channel extends along the third direction, a second immersion hole is dispersed on the entire surface of the second liquid cooling plate, and the coolant entering the accommodation cavity can be quickly dispersed to a plurality of locations of the battery module. The likelihood that each cell of the battery module comes into contact with the coolant is increased, the heat dissipation uniformity is improved, and the life of the cell is extended, and the plurality of first immersion holes on the first liquid cooling plate may quickly introduce the coolant into the first flow channel at a plurality of locations of the battery module after the heat exchange, and then discharge it from the battery box through the liquid outlet, to reduce the residence time of the high-temperature coolant in the accommodation cavity and avoid a mixed flow and a low heat dissipation efficiency of the battery module in the vicinity of the first immersion hole.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONFIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the battery box of some implementation methods of the present application. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the battery box of some implementation methods of the present application. FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first liquid cooling plate of some embodiments of the present application. FIG. 4 is another three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first liquid cooling plate of some implementations of the present application. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the decomposition of the first liquid cooling plate of some implementations of this application. FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first angle of view of the second liquid cooling plate of some embodiments of the present application. FIG. 7 is another three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second liquid cooling plate of some implementations of the present application. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the decomposition of the second liquid cooling plate of some implementations of the present application. FIG. 9 is the schematic diagram of the second liquid cooling plate of some embodiments of the present application (the second shutter plate 37 is not illustrated). FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack of some embodiments of the present application (the first liquid cooling plate is not illustrated). FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the battery pack of some implementation methods of the present application. FIG. 12 is a schematic bottom view of the battery pack of some embodiments of the present application (the second liquid cooling plate is not shown). FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of the battery pack of some implementation methods of the present application. FIG. 14 is another schematic cross-sectional diagram of the battery pack of some implementation methods of the present application. FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional view of the flow splitting portions of some implementation methods of the present application. FIG. 16 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the battery pack of some implementation methods of the present application. FIG. 17 is another schematic diagram of the disassembly of the battery pack of some implementation methods of the present application. FIG. 18 is another schematic cross-sectional diagram of the battery pack of some implementation methods of the present application. FIG. 19 is a schematic plan view of the limiting parts and battery modules of some embodiments of the present application. FIG. 20 is a local schematic diagram of the limiting part and the battery module in FIG. 19. FIG. 21 is a schematic top view of supporting some implementation methods of the present application. FIG. 22 is a partial schematic view of the support piece in FIG. 21. FIG. 23 is another schematic cross-sectional diagram of the battery pack of some implementation methods of the present application.Reference Number:100, A battery case; 200, battery module; 200a, cell group; 201, cell; 202, bypass gap; 11, case body; 111, accommodation cavity; 12, first liquid cooling plate; 121, first flow channel; 122, first immersion hole; 123, first sub-collecting channel; 124, first total collecting channel; 125, first substrate; 126, first closing plate; 13, second liquid cooling plate; 131, second flow channel; 132, second immersion hole; 133, second sub-collecting channel; 134, second total collecting channel; 135, flow divider; 135a, flow divider top surface; 135b, flow divider bottom surface; 135c, flow divider top surface; 1351, flow divider guide surface; 1352, connection surface; 136, second substrate; 137, second closing plate; 138, liquid inlet piece; 1381, liquid inlet channel; 139, limiting protrusion; 14, liquid inlet; 15, liquid outlet; 16, liquid inlet port; 17, liquid outlet port; 300, battery box; 400, battery module; 400a, cell group; 401, cells; 402, bypass gap; 402a, first bypass gap; 402b, second bypass gap; 21, box body; 211, accommodation cavity; 22, first liquid cooling plate; 221, first flow channel; 222, first immersion hole; 225, first substrate; 226, first closing plate; 23, second liquid cooling plate; 231, second flow channel; 232, second immersion hole; 236, second substrate; 237, second closing plate; 24, liquid inlet; 25, liquid outlet; 26, liquid inlet port; 27, liquid outlet port; 28, support piece; 281, through hole; 282, positioning groove; 283, support block; 139; 283a, bypass passage; 29, boundary parts; 291 housing space; 291a, cell profile surface; 32, first liquid cooling plate; 33, second liquid cooling plate; 34, liquid inlet; 35, liquid outlet; 36, liquid inlet port; 37, liquid outlet port; 38, liquid inlet piece; 381, liquid inlet passage; 382, liquid outlet passage.Embodiments of the InventionAs shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment of the present application provides a battery box 100 in which the first direction is a vertical direction, the second direction is the width direction of the battery box 100, and the third direction is the length direction of the battery box 100.As shown in FIG. 1 (referring to FIGS. 10 and 12 ), the following is an example in which the cell 201 of the battery module 200 installed in the battery box 100 is a cylindrical cell. The cell 201 is not limited to a cylindrical cell, but may be square, polygonal, or specially shaped. The specific structure of the cell 201 is not limited, and the arrangement shape of the cell 201 is adaptively adjusted according to the specific shape of the cell 201, which will not be described in detail here.In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 9 (referring to FIGS. 10 to 14 ), the battery box 100 includes a box body 11, a first liquid cooling plate 12, and a second liquid cooling plate 13. the box body 11 has a receiving cavity 111 that receives the battery module 200, and the first liquid cooling plate 12 and the second liquid cooling plate 13 are respectively located on two sides of the receiving cavity 111 along the first direction. Here, a plurality of first flow passages 121 are distributed along the second direction in the first liquid cooling plate 12. The length of each first flow channel 121 extends along the third direction. A plurality of first immersion holes 122 are formed in the first liquid cooling plate 12 to one side of the accommodation cavity 111. All the first immersion holes 122 are connected to the first flow channel 121 and the accommodation cavity 111, and all the first immersion holes 122 connected to the same first flow channel 121 are arranged spaced apart along the third direction. A plurality of second flow passages 131 are distributed along the second direction in the second liquid cooling plate 13. The length of each second flow channel 131 extends along the third direction. A plurality of second immersion holes 132 are formed in the second liquid cooling plate 13 toward one side of the accommodation cavity 111. All the second immersion holes 132 are connected to the second flow channel 131 and the accommodation cavity 111, and all the second immersion holes 132 connected to the same second flow channel 131 are spaced apart along the third direction; the battery box 100 is also provided with a liquid inlet 14 and a liquid outlet 15, and the liquid outlet 15 is connected to the first flow channel 121, and the liquid inlet 14 is connected to the second flow channel 131.Referring to FIG. 14, the direction indicated by the arrow is the direction of the coolant flow. The battery box 100 of the embodiment of the present application is provided with a first liquid cooling plate 12 and a second liquid cooling plate 13 on two opposite sides along the first direction in the accommodation cavity 11. After the coolant enters the second flow channel 131 from the liquid inlet 14, the flow is first divided, and then enters the receiving cavity 111 through the second immersion hole 132 to cool the battery module 200 by immersion heat exchange. Because the second flow channel 131 is distributed in a plurality along the second direction and the length direction of each second flow channel 131 extends along the third direction, second immersion holes 132 are distributed over the entire surface of the second liquid cooling plate 13, and the coolant entering the accommodation cavity 111 can quickly flow to a plurality of locations of the battery module 200, thereby increasing the likelihood that each cell 201 of the battery module 200 is in contact with the coolant, thereby improving uniformity of heat dissipation and extending the life of the cell 201. A plurality of first immersion holes 122 on the first liquid cooling plate 12 may quickly introduce the coolant that has completed heat exchange at more than 200 places of the battery module into the first flow channel 121 and discharge it from the battery case 100 to the outside through the liquid outlet 15 to reduce the residence time of the high temperature coolant in the accommodation cavity 111 and avoid a mixed flow that may result in low heat dissipation efficiency of the battery module 200 near the first immersion hole 122.In this embodiment, the first liquid cooling plate 12 is positioned above the second liquid cooling plate 13. This construction causes the coolant to first enter the lower-side second liquid cooling plate 13, then enter the receiving cavity 111, thus dipping and cooling the cell 201 of the battery module 200 from bottom to top. The coolant is collected through the first immersion hole 122 on the upper first liquid cooling plate 12 to the first flow channel 121 in the first liquid cooling plate 12 and then discharged through the liquid outlet 15, and the cooling path length of the cell 201 at each location of the battery module 200 is approximately equal in the manner of upward and downward convection. The uniform length path makes the heat dissipation effect of the cell 201 more uniform, thereby prolonging the life of the entire battery module 200. The application is not limited to the first liquid cooling plate 12 being disposed over the second liquid cooling plate 13, but the positions of the two may be interchanged, i.e., the second liquid cooling plate 13 is disposed over the first liquid cooling plate 12 so that the upper and lower convection currents are realized and the heat dissipation effect coincides with the effect when the first liquid cooling plate 12 is disposed over the second liquid cooling plate 13.Optionally, the liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 15 are located on the same side of the battery box 100 along the first direction. By disposing the liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 15 on the same side of the battery box 100 along the first direction, i.e., they are all disposed on the upper side or the lower side of the battery box 100, the liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 15 are prevented from occupying the space in the horizontal direction of the battery box 100. Thereby, the battery box 100 is arranged more closely, and the space utilization rate is increased. Optionally, both the liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 15 are arranged on the first liquid cooling plate 12. When the liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 15 are both positioned on the upper surface of the battery box 100, the battery box 100 can be convenient for external connection and maintenance, and also an avoidance structure need not be provided on the bottom of the battery box 100, so that the structure design is simpler. Optionally, the liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 15 may both be adjacent to an end of the battery box 100 along the third direction, thereby reducing the length of the pipe in the battery box 100, saving the cost, and reducing the space occupation rate in the battery box 100.In other embodiments, the liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 15 are not limited to being disposed on the same side of the battery box 100, but may be disposed on different sides. For example, the liquid inlet 14 is disposed on the lower side surface of the battery box 100, i.e., the liquid inlet 14 is disposed on the second liquid cooling plate 13, and the liquid outlet 15 is disposed on the upper side surface of the battery box 100, i.e., the liquid outlet 15 is disposed on the first liquid cooling plate 12. Alternatively, the liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 15 are arranged on the left and right or on the front and rear sides of the battery box 100.As shown in FIGS. 2, 6, 8 to 10 (combined with FIGS. 13 and 14 ), the liquid inlet 14 is connected to the second liquid cooling plate 13 through the liquid inlet passage 1381. Since the liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 15 are both disposed on the first liquid cooling plate 12 and the second liquid cooling plate 13 cannot be directly connected to the liquid inlet 14, the liquid inlet passage 1381 for the transition is disposed to connect the liquid inlet 14 and the second liquid cooling plate 13. Optionally, a liquid inlet piece 138 is disposed in the receiving cavity 111. The liquid inlet piece 138 is connected to the first liquid cooling plate 12 and the second liquid cooling plate 13, respectively. The liquid inlet passage 1381 is disposed in the liquid inlet piece 138. The liquid inlet 14 penetrates through the first liquid cooling plate 12 and communicates with the liquid inlet channel 1381. The liquid inlet 14 is spaced apart from the first flow channel 121, and the liquid inlet channel 1381 communicates with all the second flow channels 131. By disposing the liquid inlet piece 138 and disposing the liquid inlet piece 138 in the receiving cavity 111, the length of the liquid inlet piece 138 can be shortened as much as possible, provided that the liquid inlet 14 is connected to the second flow channel 131, the space occupied by the part is reduced, and the length of the liquid inlet piece 138 is short, so that the length of the liquid inlet channel 1381 is short, and the influence of the coolant that has performed the heat exchange in the receiving cavity 111 on the coolant in the liquid inlet channel 1381 is reduced. In other embodiments, the liquid inlet piece 138 may also be disposed on the outside of the accommodation cavity 111, i.e., the liquid inlet piece 138 is disposed on the outside of the box body 11, so that the influence of the coolant that has been heat-exchanged in the accommodation cavity 111 on the coolant in the liquid inlet channel 1381 can be reduced.Optionally, the liquid inlet piece 138 is fixedly connected to the second liquid cooling plate 13. The liquid inlet piece 138 is firmly connected to the second liquid cooling plate 13, so that the assembling difficulty of the liquid inlet piece 138 can be reduced and the liquid inlet piece 138 is prevented from moving in the accommodation cavity 111. Optionally, the liquid inlet piece 138 and the second liquid cooling plate 13 may assume an integrated molding mode, such as integrated injection molding or integrated casting. The integrated molding mode can reduce the manufacturing difficulty, and the joint of the liquid inlet piece 138 and the second liquid cooling plate 13 need not be additionally considered sealing, and the coolant that has exchanged heat in the receiving cavity 111 is effectively prevented from entering the liquid inlet channel 1381 of the liquid inlet piece 138. The upper end of the liquid inlet piece 138 is closely abutted to the first liquid cooling plate 12 and is located at one side of the receiving cavity 111. A seal ring may be disposed in the fixed position, and the seal ring surrounds the liquid inlet 14 once, so that the coolant entering the liquid inlet 14 is prevented from leaking into the receiving cavity 111 from the location where the liquid inlet piece 138 and the first liquid cooling plate 12 abut against each other. In other embodiments, the liquid inlet piece 138 may also be made separate from the second liquid cooling plate 13 and then joined to the second liquid cooling plate 13 by screws, buckles, bonds, etc.Moreover, the battery box 100 is also provided with a liquid inlet port 16 and a liquid outlet port 17. A liquid inlet port 16 is disposed corresponding to the liquid inlet 14. A liquid outlet port 17 is disposed corresponding to the liquid outlet 15, and an external piping is connected using the liquid inlet port 16 and the liquid outlet port 17 to realize coolant circulation cooling. The liquid inlet port 16 and the liquid outlet port 17 may take the form of a quick coupling to realize the quick disassembly and assembly of the external piping.In the first embodiment, the battery module 200 is provided with a plurality of rows of cell groups 200 aarranged in the second direction, each row of cell groups 200 aincludes a plurality of cells 201 arranged in a third direction, and a bypass gap 202 is formed between at least two adjacent rows of cell groups 200 a, each bypass gap 202 respectively arranging a first flow channel 121 and a second flow channel 131. By setting the bypass gap 202 of the battery module 200 corresponding to the first flow channel 121 on the first liquid cooling plate 12 and the second flow channel 131 on the second liquid cooling plate 13, after the second immersion hole 132 on the second flow channel 131 introduces coolant into the accommodation cavity 111, the coolant directly enters a plurality of bypass gaps 202, and the possibility of each cell 201 of each row of the cell group 200 ato come into contact with the coolant is increased, and low local heat exchange efficiency of the cell 201 is avoided. Accordingly, the first immersion hole 122 on the first flow channel 121 may recover the coolant after the heat exchange in the bypass gap 202, accelerate the coolant after the heat exchange to the outside of the battery box 100, and reduce the time in which the coolant remains in the accommodation cavity 111.Optionally, a bypass gap 202 is formed between the two sides of the battery module 200 along the second direction and the box body 1, and the bypass gap 202 between each side and the box body 11 is also provided with a first flow channel 121 and a second flow channel 131 corresponding thereto. This construction may result in the cell 201 on both sides of the battery module 200 along the second direction also coming into contact with the coolant having a lower temperature to ensure that the cell 201 can exchange heat evenly at this location.Optionally, a plurality of first immersion holes 122 and a plurality of second immersion holes 132 are arranged one by one, i.e., the first immersion holes 122 and the second immersion holes 132 are not only equal in number, but also the first immersion holes 122 and the second immersion holes 132 coincide at least partially along the first direction. By applying a plurality of first immersion holes 122 and a plurality of second immersion holes 132 one to one, the convection effect of the downward and upward flow of the coolant in the bypass gap 202 can be formed. Heat dissipation and coolant leakage after heat exchange can be accelerated, and the heat dissipation effect can be improved.In the present embodiment, the dimensions of the first plunge hole 122 are the same as the dimensions of the second plunge hole 132, and the two positions are opposite. This construction makes the liquid inlet volume of the second immersion hole 132 into the receiving cavity 111 and the liquid inlet of the first immersion hole 122 leading into the receiving cavity 111 consistent to reduce the disturbance of the refrigerant in the receiving cavity 111 and to avoid the mixed flow phenomenon.Optionally, the first plunge hole 122 is a round hole. In other embodiments, the first immersion hole 122 may also be at least one of semicircular holes, elliptical holes, square holes, polygonal holes, and specially shaped holes. For example, the first immersion holes 122 are formed in the shape of round holes and the first immersion holes 122 are formed in the shape of semicircular holes in the first liquid cooling plate 12.The second plunge hole 132 is a round hole. In other embodiments, the second immersion hole 132 may also be at least one of a semicircular hole, an elliptical hole, a square hole, a polygonal hole, and a specially shaped hole. For example, the second liquid cooling plate 13 has not only a second immersion hole 132 in the form of a round hole but also a second immersion hole 132 in the form of a semicircular hole.In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 (reference numerals follow those in FIGS. 1 to 4 and FIGS. 6 to 14 ), the first sub-collecting passage 123 and the first overall collecting passage 124 are disposed in the first liquid cooling plate 12. A plurality of first sub-collecting channels 123 are distributed along the second direction, each first sub-collecting channel 123 is connected to at least two first flow channels 121, all the first sub-collecting channels 123 are connected to the first overall collecting channel 124, and the first overall collecting channel 124 is connected to the liquid outlet 15. By disposing the first sub-collection channel 123, the coolant can be collected in the first flow channel 121. By connecting all of the first sub-collecting channels 23 to a first total collecting channel 124, the first total collecting channel 124 can be used to collect coolant from all of the first sub-collecting channels 123, so that the coolant can be discharged from the liquid outlet 15. Optionally, the length of the first sub-collection channel 123 extends along the second direction and the length of the first total collection channel 124 also extends along the second direction, such that the first sub-collection channel 123 may cover all areas of the first flow channel 121 that need to be connected as far as possible, and the first total collection channel 124 may cover all areas of the first sub-collection channel 123 that need to be connected. The number of the first flow passages 121 connected by each first sub-collecting passage 123 is equal. For example, if the battery module 200 has eight rows of cell groups 200 a, then there are nine bypass columns 202, and the corresponding number of the first flow channels 121 is also nine, then the first sub-collecting channels 123 may be provided in a number of three, each first sub-collecting channel 123 is connected to three first flow channels 121, and the three first sub-collecting channels 123 are then connected to the first total collecting channel 124. As far as possible, each first flow channel 121 is connected to a first sub-collecting channel 123.As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 (reference numerals follow those in FIGS. 1 to 7 and FIGS. 10 to 14 ), the second sub-collecting passage 133 and the second overall collecting passage 134 are disposed in the second liquid cooling plate 13. A plurality of second sub-collecting channels 133 are distributed along the second direction. Each second sub-collecting channel 133 is connected to at least two second flow channels 131. All the second sub-collecting channels 133 are connected to the second overall collecting channel 134, and the second overall collecting channel 134 is connected to the liquid inlet 14. By disposing the second overall collecting passage 134, the coolant can be taken in from the liquid inlet 14, and then the coolant is uniformly distributed to a plurality of second sub-collecting passages 133 through the second overall collecting passage 134, so that the first flow division is realized, and the second sub-collecting passage 133 uniformly distributes the coolant to a plurality of second flow passages 131 connected to the second sub-collecting passage, so that the second flow division is realized. After two flow divisions, the coolant smoothly enters the accommodation cavity 111 through the second immersion hole 132 to enter the bypass gap 202, and the heat dissipation of a plurality of cells 201 is smoothly improved. Optionally, the length of the second sub-collection channel 133 extends along the second direction and the length of the second overall collection channel 134 also extends along the second direction, such that the second sub-collection channel 133 may cover the area of the second flow channel 131 that needs to be connected as far as possible, and the second overall collection channel 134 may cover all areas of the second sub-collection channel 133 that need to be connected to achieve the effect of smooth redirection. As in the above example, when the battery module 200 includes eight rows of cell groups 200 a, the number of the second flow channels 131 is also nine. The second sub-collecting channels 133 may be provided in a number of three. Each second sub-collecting channel 133 is connected to three second flow channels 131, and finally the three second sub-collecting channels 133 are connected to the second overall collecting channel 134. As far as possible, each second flow channel 131 communicates with a second sub-collecting channel 133.The present application is not limited to the number of first flow channels 121 connected by all the first sub-collecting channels 123 to be consistent, but may also be inconsistent, for example, a first sub-collecting channel 123 is connected to two first flow channels 121, and a first sub-collecting channel 123 is connected to three first flow channels 121.It is not limited to this that the number of the second flow passages 131 connected by all the second sub-collecting passages 133 is the same. Rather, it may also be inconsistent. For example, a second sub-collecting channel 133 is connected to two second runners 131, and a second sub-collecting channel 133 is connected to three second runners 131.Without being limited to the configuration of the first sub-collecting channel 123 and the second sub-collecting channel 133, the first total collecting channel 124 may be directly arranged to connect all the first flow channels 121, and the second total collecting channel 134 is set to connect all the second flow channels 131.In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13 (reference numerals follow those in FIGS. 1 to 12 ), the second overall collecting passage 134 has a liquid inlet portion facing the liquid inlet 14, a flow divider 135 is disposed in the liquid inlet portion, at least a part of the outer side wall of the flow divider 135 is an arc surface, and the cross-sectional size of an end of the flow divider 135 facing the liquid inlet 14 is smaller than the cross-sectional size of an end of the flow divider 135 facing away from the liquid inlet 14. By the arrangement of the flow divider 135, the coolant discharged from the liquid inlet 14 can be diverted, the coolant is prevented from flowing at an accelerated speed to a second sub-collecting channel 133. The flow divider 135 first performs an advantage of the coolant, and then the coolant after the flow division can be uniformly supplied to each second sub-collection channel 133 substantially uniformly, and the amount of coolant of the same temperature in each second flow channel 131 is consistent, and then each bypass gap 202 can obtain the coolant of the same temperature and the flow rate is substantially the same. The cooling effect of each cell 201 is the same, the temperature difference of the cell 201 is reduced, and the life of the entire battery module 200 is extended. By disposing an arc surface on the outer side wall of the flow divider 135, splashing of the coolant delivered from the liquid inlet 14 at the flow divider 135 can be reduced. Thus, it can be guaranteed that the coolant is divided adjacent to the outer side wall of the flow divider 135, and a better flow dividing effect can be achieved by an upwardly tapered structure. The lower end of the flow divider 135 forms an expanded structure to ensure uniform division of the coolant.As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the flow divider 135 includes a flow dividing circumferential surface 135 a, a flow dividing bottom surface 135 band a flow dividing top surface 135 c, a flow dividing top surface 135 cand a flow dividing bottom surface 135 bare arranged at intervals along the first direction. A flow dividing peripheral surface 135a connects the flow dividing top surface 135c and a flow dividing bottom surface 135b. A flow dividing bottom surface 135 bconnects the bottom surface of the second overall collection channel 134, and the size of the flow dividing top surface 135 cis smaller than the size of the flow dividing bottom surface 135 b. That is, the flow dividing top surface 135 cis closer to the liquid inlet 14. The circumferential surface of the flow divider 135 aincludes a connection surface 1352 and a flow divider guide surface 1351 that are connected to each other along the circumference of the flow divider 135. The connection surface 1352 is connected to the inner side surface of the second overall collection channel 134. The flow dividing guide surface 1351 is a taper surface, and the flow dividing guide surface 1351 is aligned with the second sub-collection passage 133. The structural shape of the flow divider 135 is actually the structure of half of the cone after it has been cut into two halves along its own central axis. By disposing a joint surface 1352 on the periphery of the flow divider 135, the joint surface 1352 can be joined to the inner side wall of the second overall collecting passage 134 (the joint surface 1352 is not exposed, and the structural shape of the joint surface 1352 conforms to the structural shape of the inner side wall of the second overall collecting passage 134, so that this position can be firmly joined after joining), and the flow divider guide surface 1351 of the cone structure is exposed to the flow divider 135, and the coolant is bypassed from top to bottom using the cone structure, the cone structure reduces the resistance and the splashing of the coolant as much as possible, and ensures, the coolant is gradually dispersed along the cone structure from the small size of the flow dividing top surface 135 cto the larger size of the flow dividing bottom surface 135 b, and the dispersed coolant enters the second sub-collection channel 133 again, and the coolant is more uniformly distributed to each second sub-collection channel 133 at this time.In an embodiment, a first opening and a second opening are respectively disposed on both sides of the case body 11 along the first direction, the first liquid cooling plate 12 is connected to the case body 11 and closes the first opening, while the second liquid cooling plate 13 is connected to the case body 11 and closes the second opening. By directly providing the liquid cooling plate, the opening of the case body 11 is closed, whereby the setting up of an additional top plate and bottom plate for closing the opening of the case body 11 can be omitted, the number of parts is reduced, the space in the battery case 100 is saved, and the energy density of the battery module 200 in the battery case 100 is increased. By omitting the top plate and the bottom plate, the overall weight of the battery box 100 and then the weight of the entire battery pack are also reduced.Optionally, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 (reference numerals follow those in FIGS. 1 to 2 and FIGS. 6 to 14 ), the first liquid cooling plate 12 includes a first substrate 125 and a first shutter plate 126. A side surface of the first substrate 125 is concaved with a first groove. The first groove side surface of the first substrate 125 is connected to the first shutter plate 126. The first closing plate 126 closes the opening of the first groove to form a first flow channel 121 installed in the first liquid cooling plate 12. The first immersion hole 122 is formed in the first substrate 125 or the first shutter plate 126. In the first liquid cooling plate 12, by separately manufacturing the first substrate 125 and the first shutter plate 126 and then joining them together, the first flow channel 121 and the first immersion hole 122 are appropriately formed, and the manufacturing difficulty can be reduced. Optionally, the first shutter plate 126 is disposed on a side of the first substrate 125 facing the inside of the accommodation cavity 111 so that the first plunge hole 122 is formed in the first shutter plate 126.As shown in FIGS. 6 to 9 (reference numerals follow those in FIGS. 1 to 5 and FIGS. 10 to 14 ), the second liquid cooling plate 13 includes a second substrate 136 and a second shutter plate 137. A side surface of the second substrate 136 is concaved with a second groove, and the side surface of the second substrate 136 provided with the second groove is connected to the second shutter plate 137. The second shutter plate 37 closes the opening of the second groove to form a second flow channel 131 incorporated in the second liquid cooling plate 13, and the second immersion hole 132 is formed in the second substrate 136 or the second shutter plate 137. By separately manufacturing and then assembling the second substrate 136 and the second shutter plate 137 for the second liquid cooling plate 13, the second immersion hole 132 is appropriately formed, and the manufacturing difficulty can be reduced. Optionally, the second shutter plate 137 is disposed on a side surface of the second substrate 136 opposite to the inner side of the accommodation cavity 111 so that the second immersion hole 132 is formed in the second substrate 136.The liquid inlet piece 138, the flow divider 135, and the second substrate 136 are integrally manufactured and molded, and when the second shutter plate 137 is mounted on the second substrate 136, the flow divider bottom surface 135 bof the flow divider 135 tightly abuts against a side surface of the second shutter plate 137 facing the second substrate 136.The first substrate 125 also concaves a groove at a position corresponding to the position of the first sub-collecting passage 123 and the first overall collecting passage 124, and after the first shutter plate 126 is installed on the first substrate 125, the groove is closed to form the first sub-collecting passage 123 and the first overall collecting passage 124.The second substrate 136 also concaves a groove at a position corresponding to the position of the second sub-collecting passage 133 and the second overall collecting passage 134, and after the second shutter plate 137 is installed on the second substrate 136, the groove is closed to form the second sub-collecting passage 133 and the second overall collecting passage 134.Moreover, a side surface of the second substrate 136 facing away from the second shutter plate 137 is also provided with a limiting protrusion 139 protruding. The restricting protrusion 139 and the liquid inlet piece 138 are located on the same side of the second substrate 136, and the restricting protrusion 139 and the liquid inlet piece 138 are respectively adjacent to the both ends of the second substrate 136 along the third direction. The restricting protrusion 139 is mainly configured to fill the space between the battery module 200 and the inner side wall of the case body 11 to prevent the battery module 200 from moving in the accommodation cavity 111 along the third direction. In this embodiment, the liquid inlet piece 138, the second substrate 136, and the restricting protrusion 139 are integrally manufactured and molded. The three components are formed in one piece for simple installation.Optionally, the sum of the areas of all the first submerged holes 122 is S 1, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all the first flow channels 121 along the second direction is S 2, and the relationship ratio between S 1 and S 2 may satisfy 3:50 or 1:10. For example, the relationship ratio between S 1 and S 2 may be 3:50, 3:43, 3:37.5, 3:33, 1:10, etc.; the sum of the areas of all the second immersion holes 32 is S 3, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all the second flow passages 31 along the second direction is S 4, and the relationship ratio between S 3 and S 4 may satisfy 3:50 or 1:10. For example, the relationship ratio between S 3 and S 4 may be 3:50, 3:43, 3:37.5, 3:33, 1:10, and so on.The area of the battery module 200 is S 6, and the relationship ratio of S 1, S 2, and S 6 may be 13:120:45500 or 13:130:45500, and the relationship ratio of S 3, S 4, and S 6 may also be 13:120:45500 or 13:130:45500. The area of the first immersion hole 122 and the second immersion hole 132 needs to be controlled, and it should not be too large because too large an area affects the convection effect.As shown in FIGS. 10 to 14 (some of the reference numerals follow those in FIGS. 1 to 9 ), the embodiment of the present application further provides a battery pack including a battery module 200 and a battery box 100, and the battery module 200 is hermetically installed in the battery box 100, the battery box 100 being the battery box 100 in any of the above embodiments, and the structure of the battery box 100 will not be described here in detail.In this embodiment, the battery module 200 includes a plurality of rows of cell groups 200 aarranged in the second direction. Each row of cell groups 200 aincludes a plurality of cells 201 arranged along the third direction, and two adjacent rows of cell groups 200 aare arranged offset from each other. This construction can more closely arrange the battery module 200 to ensure that the space utilization rate in the battery box 100 is higher and the energy density of the battery pack formed after the battery module 200 is assembled will be larger.Optionally, the length of the cell 201 extends in the first direction.The cooling method of this battery pack includes the following steps:Step S 100 of providing coolant, allowing coolant to enter the liquid inlet channel 1381 of the liquid inlet piece 138 from the liquid inlet 14 of the battery box 100, allowing coolant to flow along the first direction toward the flow divider 135 in the second overall collection channel 134, and the flow divider 135 redirects the coolant such that the coolant enters the second sub-collection channel 133;Step S 200, the coolant in the second sub-collection channel 133 is then guided to each second flow channel 131, and the coolant in the second flow channel 131 enters the accommodation cavity 111 through the second immersion hole 132 and enters each bypass gap 202 of the battery module 200 to sequentially immersion the cells 201 for heat dissipation;Step S 300, the coolant enters the first flow channel 121 through the first immersion hole 122 after the heat exchange;Step S 400, the coolant in all the first flow passages 121 is first collected in the corresponding first sub-collecting passage 123, and then all the coolant in the first sub-collecting passage 123 is collected in the first overall collecting passage 124, and discharged to the outside of the battery box 100 through the liquid outlet 15.Moreover, after discharging the coolant into the battery box 100, the coolant may also be cooled by the external cooling device, and the coolant is returned to the liquid inlet 14 after cooling, and the battery module 200 is cooled again in the battery box 100.As shown in FIGS. 16 to 22, the embodiment of the present application further provides a battery pack including a battery box 300 and a battery module 400 disposed in the battery box 300, wherein the first direction is a vertical direction, the second direction is the width direction of the battery box 300, and the third direction is the length direction of the battery box 300. The main differences between the battery box 300 and the battery box 100 include: 1) a support piece 28 and a restriction piece 29 supporting the battery module 400 are added; 2) the position of the liquid inlet 24 and the liquid outlet 25 is adjusted; 3) an adjusted manner for disposing and connecting the first flow channel 221 of the first liquid cooling plate 22; 4) an adjusted manner for disposing and connecting the second flow channel 231 of the second liquid cooling plate 23.For the sake of brevity, the similarities between the battery box 300 and the battery box 100 and the similarities between the battery module 400 and the battery module 200 are not repeated, and above all, the differences between the battery box 300 in this embodiment are introduced.Referring to FIGS. 16 to 17, the battery box 300 includes a box body 21, a first liquid cooling plate 22, and a second liquid cooling plate 23. the box body 21 is provided with a receiving cavity 211 that receives the battery module 200, and the first liquid cooling plate 22 and the second liquid cooling plate 23 are positioned on two sides of the receiving cavity 211 along the first direction. A plurality of first flow channels 221 are distributed along a second direction in the first liquid cooling plate 22, the length of each of the first flow channels 221 extends along a third direction, a plurality of first immersion holes 222 are formed on a side surface of the first liquid cooling plate 22 facing the interior of the receiving cavity 211, all of which are connected to the first flow channels 221 and the receiving cavity 211, and the first immersion holes 222 connected to the same first flow channel 221 are spaced apart along the third direction. A plurality of second flow passages 231 are distributed along a second direction in the second liquid cooling plate 23, the length of each of the second flow passages 231 extends along a third direction, a plurality of second immersion holes 232 are formed on a side surface of the second liquid cooling plate 23 facing the inside of the accommodation cavity 211, all of which are connected to the second flow passages 231 and the accommodation cavity 211, and the second immersion holes 232 connected to the same second flow passage 231 are spaced apart along the third direction.In this embodiment, the second liquid cooling plate 23 is located below the box body 21, and the first liquid cooling plate 22 is located above the box body 21, The second liquid cooling plate 23 is still provided with a liquid inlet 24. The liquid inlet 24 is connected to the second flow channel 231, and the liquid inlet 24 is connected to a liquid inlet port 26; the first liquid cooling plate 22 is also provided with a liquid outlet 25. The liquid outlet 25 is connected to the first flow channel 221, and the liquid outlet 25 is connected to a liquid outlet port 27. Coolant is injected from the liquid inlet port 26, and the coolant enters the second flow channel 231 through the liquid inlet 24, flows into the battery module 400 in the accommodation cavity 211 through a plurality of second immersion holes 232, then flows into the first flow channel 221 from the first immersion hole 222, and flows out from the liquid outlet 25 through the liquid outlet port 27. By disposing the second liquid cooling plate 23 and the first liquid cooling plate 22 below and above the battery module 400, respectively, the heat dissipation stroke can be shortened. The heat exchange effect between the coolant and the battery module 400 can be improved. The temperature difference at different locations of the battery module 400 is reduced and the life of the battery module 400 is extended.In one embodiment, both the liquid inlet port 26 and the liquid outlet port 27 are connected to the cooling device, and the cooling circulation of the coolant is realized by the cooling device. The cooling device in the relevant technology can be used in the present application and will not be repeated here.In the present embodiment, the liquid inlet 24 and the liquid outlet 25 are positioned at the both ends of the box body 21 in the third direction to ensure that the coolant can completely flood the battery module 400 before it can flow out of the liquid outlet 25, thus shortening the coolant flow path and improving the heat dissipation effect. The liquid inlet 24 is positioned on a side of the second liquid cooling plate 23 in the vicinity of the box body 21; by positioning the liquid outlet 25 on a side of the first liquid cooling plate 22 facing the box body 21, the height of the battery box 300 can be decreased entirely in the first direction and the volume of the battery box 300 can be decreased.In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 23, the liquid inlet 34 and the liquid outlet 35 may also be disposed on the same side of the battery box along the third direction. The liquid inlet 34 is connected to the second liquid cooling plate 33 through the liquid inlet channel 381, and the liquid outlet 35 is connected to the first liquid cooling plate 32 through the liquid outlet channel 382. Here, a liquid inlet port 36 is provided at the liquid inlet 34, and a liquid outlet port 37 is provided at the liquid outlet 35. The liquid inlet port 36 and the liquid outlet port 37 are both connected to a cooling device, and the cooling circulation of the coolant is realized by using cooling devices. The receiving cavity is provided with a liquid inlet piece 38. The liquid inlet piece is connected to the first liquid cooling plate 32 and the second liquid cooling plate 33, respectively, and the liquid inlet channel 381 and the liquid outlet channel 382 are all disposed in the liquid inlet piece 38.Referring to FIGS. 17 to 19, the battery box 300 further includes a restricting piece 29, the restricting piece 29 is disposed in the accommodation cavity 211 of the box body 21, the restricting piece 29 includes an accommodation space 291 penetrating therethrough through its thickness direction, and the battery module 400 is accommodated in the accommodation space 291. By adjusting the restricting piece 29, the battery module 400 can be restricted to the accommodation space 291 of the restricting piece 29, thus not only realizing the restrictive installation of the battery module 400, but also achieving that the coolant only needs to fill the accommodation space 291 to flood the battery module 400 without the accommodation cavity 211 of the entire case body 21 having to be filled to reduce the amount of coolant, reduce the cost, and reduce the overall weight of the battery pack, improve the circulation efficiency of the coolant, and ensure the heat dissipation effect of the coolant.The battery module 400 includes a plurality of rows of cell groups 400 aarranged in the second direction. Each row of the cell groups 400 aincludes a plurality of cells 401 arranged in the third direction, and a bypass gap 402 for the coolant flow is formed between adjacent cells 401, and between the single cell 401 and the inner wall of the accommodation space 291.Reference is made to FIG. 20. The inner wall of the accommodation space 291 has a plurality of cell profile surfaces 291 aarranged in series, a first bypass gap 402 ais formed between each cell 401, which is located at the middle position of the battery module 400, and a cell 401 on the circumferential side, a second bypass gap 402 bis formed between each cell 401, which is located at the outermost edge of the battery module 400, and an adjacent cell 401 and the cell profile surface 291 a, and the cross-sectional shape of the second bypass gap 402 bis substantially the same as the cross-sectional shape of the first bypass gap 402 a. By disposing the cell profile surface 291 ato the inner wall of the accommodation space 291, the disposition of the cell 401 in the battery module 400 is mimicked so that the flow rate of the coolant circulating on the circumferential side of the cell 401 at the outer edge is equivalent to that of the circulating side of the cell 401 at the center position to ensure that the heat dissipation efficiency of the cell 401 at different locations is comparable, the temperature of the cell 401 at different locations is comparable, and the overall temperature consistency of the battery module 400 is improved.The battery box 300 further includes a support piece 28, the support piece 28 being positioned above the second liquid cooling plate 23 and being arranged to support the battery module 400. The support piece 28 has a plurality of through holes 281 connecting the bypass gap 402 and the second immersion hole 232, and the bypass gap 402 is disposed for the flow of the coolant, so that the coolant can be immersed in the cell 401, and the coolant can flow from the first immersion hole 222 into the first flow channel 221.In practical use, refrigerant flows into the second flow channel 231 through the liquid inlet port 26, through the liquid inlet 24, then flows through the second immersion hole 232 into the bypass gap 402, and through the through hole 281. The coolant gradually overflows from the bottom of the battery module 400 to the top of the battery module 400, flows into the first flow channel 221 through the first immersion hole 222, and then flows out through the liquid outlet 25 through the liquid outlet 27. Throughout the process, the battery module 400 is immersed in the coolant. Immersion thermal management of the battery module 400 is realized. With further reference to FIGS. 17 to 18, the through hole 281 and the second immersion hole 232 are arranged one-to-one, respectively, to ensure that the coolant flowing out of each second immersion hole 232 can directly flow into the bypass gap 402 through the through hole 281, to improve the flow rate of the coolant, and then to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the coolant.The diameters of a plurality of through holes 281 corresponding to a row of cell sets 400a gradually decrease from the position of the liquid inlet 24 in the direction away from the liquid inlet 24 (the third direction in Fig. 18 is from right to left). That is, the pore size of the through hole 281 in the vicinity of the liquid inlet 24 is smaller than that of the through hole 281 far from the liquid inlet 24, After the coolant enters the second flow channel 231 from the liquid inlet 24, it sequentially flows through each second immersion hole 232 in the third direction and flows into the bypass gap 402 from each second immersion hole 232. On this basis, since in this method, the coolant first flows through the cell 401 in the vicinity of the liquid inlet 24 and then flows through the cell 402 far away from the liquid inlet 24, the opening of the plurality of through holes 281 is set to gradually decrease from the position of the liquid inlet 24 toward the direction far away from the liquid inlet 24, so that the flow rate and the flow of the coolant circulating on the circumferential side of the cell 401 at different locations in the battery module 400 are comparable and the temperature difference of the cell 401 at different locations is reduced. And then, ensure that the overall temperature of the battery module 400 is constant.As shown in FIGS. 17, 21, and 22, the support piece 28 has a plurality of positioning grooves 282 corresponding to the cell 401. The lower capacity of the cell 401 is placed in the positioning groove 282 so that the cell 401 can be restricted to facilitate positioning and assembling of the cell 401. The plurality of positioning grooves 282 corresponding to a row of cell groups 400 aare connected to each other so that the coolant can circulate between a row of cell groups 400 aand the coolant is suitable for heat transfer at various locations.Each positioning groove 282 is provided with two supporting blocks 283 spaced apart, and the supporting blocks 283 are disposed to support the cell 401, so that the bottom of the cell 401 and the bottom of the groove of the positioning groove 282 are spaced apart to ensure that the coolant can circulate at the bottom of the cell 401 and the bottom of the cell 401 is cooled.In this embodiment, the interval between the two support blocks 283 in the same positioning groove 282 forms a bypass space, and the bypass space corresponding to a row of cell groups 400 ais connected to form a bypass passage 283 a, so that the coolant can circulate between a row of cell groups 400 a, so that the coolant can be suitable for heat transfer at various locations.Moreover, the support piece 28 is used to form a bypass passage 283 asubsequently of each row of the cell group 400 aof the battery module 400, which can not only dissipate heat at the bottom of the cell 401 at various locations and achieve the effect of dipping around and cooling the cell 401, but also can quickly cool the cell 401 by opening the valve at the bottom under the condition of thermally passing the cell 401, quickly dissipates heat from the battery box 300, inhibits the propagation of the thermal passing, and improves the safety of the battery pack.The cooling method of this battery pack includes the following steps:Step S 101 of providing coolant that flows coolant from the liquid inlet 14 into the second flow channel 231, and the coolant in the second flow channel 231 enters the accommodation space 291 of the restriction piece 29 through the second immersion hole 232 and enters each bypass gap 402 of the battery module 400 to sequentially plunge the cells 401 for heat dissipation;Step S 201, the coolant enters the first flow channel 221 through the first immersion hole 222 after the heat exchange, and is discharged to the outside of the battery box 300 through the liquid outlet 15.Step S 301, after discharging the coolant into the battery box 300, the coolant may also be cooled using the external cooling device, and the coolant after cooling is returned to the liquid inlet 14, and the battery module 400 is cooled again in the battery box 300.

Claims

A battery case comprising a case body, a first liquid cooling plate, a second liquid cooling plate, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; wherein the case body is provided with a receiving cavity for receiving a battery module, and the first liquid cooling plate and the second liquid cooling plate are located on two sides of the receiving cavity along a first direction; wherein a plurality of first flow channels are distributed along a second direction in the first liquid cooling plate, wherein the length of each of the first flow channels extends along a third direction, wherein a plurality of first immersion holes connected to the plurality of first flow channels and the receiving cavity are formed on a side surface of the first liquid cooling plate facing the interior of the receiving cavity, and the first immersion holes connected to the same first flow channel are spaced apart along the third direction; wherein a plurality of second flow channels are distributed along the second direction in the second liquid cooling plate, the length of each of the second flow channels extends along the third direction, wherein a plurality of second immersion holes are formed on a side surface of the second liquid cooling plate facing the interior of the receiving cavity, which are connected to the plurality of second flow channels and the receiving cavity, and the second immersion holes, which are connected to the same second flow channel, are arranged spaced apart along the third direction, wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are arranged at angles to one another; wherein the liquid outlet communicates with the plurality of first flow channels and the liquid inlet communicates with the plurality of second flow channels.The battery box of claim 1, wherein the battery module has a plurality of rows of cell groups arranged along the second direction, each row of the cell groups comprising a plurality of cells arranged along the third direction, wherein a bypass gap is formed between at least two adjacent rows of the cell groups; wherein each bypass gap is associated with first and second flow channels.The battery box according to claim 2, wherein a bypass gap is also formed between the two sides of the battery module along the second direction and the box body.The battery box according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of first immersion holes and the plurality of second immersion holes are uniquely associated with each other.The battery box according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first liquid cooling plate and the second liquid cooling plate are distributed along the first direction; wherein the first liquid cooling plate is located above the second liquid cooling plate or the second liquid cooling plate is located above the first liquid cooling plate.The battery box according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are located on the same side of the battery box along the first direction, the liquid inlet is connected to the second liquid cooling plate through a liquid inlet channel, and the liquid outlet is disposed on the first liquid cooling plate.The battery case of claim 6, wherein a liquid inlet piece is disposed in the receiving cavity, the liquid inlet piece being connected to the first liquid cooling plate and the second liquid cooling plate, the liquid inlet channel being disposed in the liquid inlet piece, the liquid inlet penetrating through the first liquid cooling plate and communicating with the liquid inlet channel, the liquid inlet being disposed spaced apart from the plurality of first flow channels, and the liquid inlet channel communicating with the plurality of second flow channels.The battery case of claim 7, wherein the liquid inlet piece is fixedly connected to the second liquid cooling plate.The battery box according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first liquid cooling plate and the second liquid cooling plate comprise one of the following settings: a plurality of first sub-collecting channels and a first total collecting channel are disposed in the first liquid cooling plate, the plurality of first sub-collecting channels are distributed along the second direction, each of the first sub-collecting channels is connected to at least two first flow channels, the plurality of first sub-collecting channels are connected to the first total collecting channel connected to the liquid outlet; or a plurality of second sub-collecting channels and a second overall collecting channel are arranged in the second liquid cooling plate, the plurality of second sub-collecting channels are distributed along the second direction, each of the second sub-collecting channels is connected to at least two second flow channels, the plurality of second sub-collecting channels communicate with the second overall collecting channel connected to the liquid inlet.The battery box of claim 9, wherein the first liquid cooling plate is located above the second liquid cooling plate; wherein the second overall collection channel has a liquid inlet region directly facing the liquid inlet, wherein a flow divider is disposed in the liquid inlet region, wherein the outer sidewall of the flow divider is at least partially curved, and wherein the cross-sectional size of an end of the flow divider facing the liquid inlet is less than the cross-sectional size of an end of the flow divider facing away from the liquid inlet.The battery case of claim 10, wherein the flow divider comprises a flow dividing peripheral surface, a flow dividing bottom surface, and a flow dividing top surface, the flow dividing top surface and the flow dividing bottom surface being arranged at intervals along the first direction, the flow dividing peripheral surface being connected to the flow dividing top surface and the flow dividing bottom surface, the flow dividing bottom surface being connected to the bottom surface of the second overall collecting channel, the size of the flow dividing top surface being smaller than the size of the flow dividing bottom surface, the flow dividing peripheral surface comprising a connecting surface and a flow dividing guide surface connected to each other along the periphery of the flow divider, the connecting surface being connected to the inner surface of the second overall collecting channel, wherein the flow dividing guide surface is a conical surface, and wherein the flow dividing guide surface faces the plurality of second sub-collecting passages.The battery box according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first liquid cooling plate and the second liquid cooling plate include one of the following settings: the first liquid cooling plate includes a first substrate and a first sealing plate, a side surface of the first substrate is concaved with a first groove, the side surface of the first substrate provided with the first groove is connected to the first sealing plate, the first sealing plate closes the opening of the first groove to form the first flow channel, and the first immersion hole is formed in the first substrate or the first sealing plate; or the second liquid cooling plate includes a second substrate and a second sealing plate, a side surface of the second substrate is concaved with a second groove, the side surface of the second substrate provided with the second groove is connected to the second sealing plate, the second sealing plate closes the opening of the second groove to form the second flow channel, and the second immersion hole is formed in the second substrate or the second sealing plate.The battery box according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a first opening and a second opening are respectively disposed on both sides of the box body along the first direction, the first liquid cooling plate is connected to the box body and closes the first opening, while the second liquid cooling plate is connected to the box body and closes the second opening.The battery box according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sum of the areas of the plurality of first immersion holes is S1, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of first flow channels along the second direction is S2, and the relationship ratio of S1 and S2 is 3:50 or 1:10; wherein the sum of the areas of the plurality of second immersion holes is S3, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of second flow channels along the second direction is S4, and the relationship ratio of S3 and S4 is 3:50 or 1:10; wherein the area of the battery module is S6; wherein the above area relationship ratios satisfy at least one of the following conditions: the relationship ratio of S1, S2, and S6 is: 13:120:45500 or 13:130:45500; or the relationship ratio of S3, S4 and S6 is: 13:120:45500 or 13:130:45500.The battery box according to claim 1, further comprising a restriction piece disposed in the accommodation cavity, the restriction piece having an accommodation space penetrating along the first direction, wherein the battery module is accommodated in the accommodation space.The battery box according to claim 15, wherein the battery module has a plurality of rows of cell groups arranged along the second direction, each row of cell groups comprising a plurality of cells arranged along the third direction, wherein a bypass gap is formed between the adjacent cells and between the cells and the inner wall of the accommodation space.The battery box according to claim 16, wherein the inner wall of the accommodation space has a plurality of cell profile surfaces arranged in series, wherein a first bypass gap is formed between each cell located at the middle position of the battery module and a cell on the circumferential side, wherein a second bypass gap is formed between each cell located at the outermost edge of the battery module and an adjacent cell and the cell profile surface, and wherein the cross-sectional shape of the second bypass gap is equal to the cross-sectional shape of the first bypass gap.The battery box according to claim 16, further comprising a support piece configured to support the battery module, wherein the support piece has a plurality of through holes communicating with the bypass gap and the second flow channel.The battery box according to claim 18, wherein the through hole and the second plunge hole are uniquely associated with each other.The battery case according to claim 19, wherein diameters of a plurality of through holes corresponding to a row of cell groups gradually decrease from the position of the liquid inlet in a direction away from the liquid inlet.The battery box according to claim 20, wherein the support piece has a plurality of positioning grooves corresponding to the cells one by one.The battery box according to claim 21, wherein each positioning groove is provided internally with two spaced support blocks, the support blocks being arranged to support the cells such that the bottom of the cell is spaced from the bottom of the positioning groove.The battery box according to claim 22, wherein the distance between the two support blocks in the same positioning groove forms a bypass space, and bypass spaces corresponding to a series of cell groups communicate with each other, thereby forming a bypass channel.The battery box according to claim 21, wherein the plurality of positioning grooves corresponding to a row of the cell groups communicate with each other.The battery box according to any one of claims 15 to 24, wherein the liquid inlet is disposed on the second liquid cooling plate and the liquid outlet is disposed on the first liquid cooling plate.The battery box of claim 25, wherein the liquid inlet is positioned on a battery box-facing side of the second liquid cooling plate; wherein the liquid outlet is positioned on a battery box-facing side of the first liquid cooling plate.The battery box according to claim 26, wherein the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are respectively disposed at the both ends of the battery box in the third direction; or wherein the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are respectively disposed on the same side of the battery box in the third direction.The battery case according to any one of claims 15 to 24, wherein the liquid inlet communicates with the second liquid cooling plate via the liquid inlet channel, and the liquid outlet communicates with the described first liquid cooling plate via the liquid outlet channel.The battery box of claim 28, wherein a liquid inlet piece is disposed in the receiving cavity, wherein the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel are both disposed in the liquid inlet piece, and the liquid inlet piece is connected to the first liquid cooling plate and the second liquid cooling plate.The battery box according to claim 29, wherein the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are respectively disposed at the both ends of the battery box in the third direction; or wherein the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are respectively disposed on the same side of the battery box in the third direction.A battery pack comprising a battery module and a battery box according to any one of claims 1 to 30, wherein the battery module is hermetically mounted in the battery box.The battery pack of claim 31, wherein the battery module has a plurality of cell groups arranged along the second direction, each row of cell groups comprising a plurality of cells arranged along the third direction, two adjacent rows of cell groups are arranged offset, and the cells are cylindrical cells.

Images