conduit shaft

Abstract

Conduit shaft, • with a wall (1), ◯ which has passage openings (9) designed to allow a conduit to pass into or out of the conduit shaft, ◯ wherein the wall (1) has several wall segments (7, 10), ◯ each of which is designed as a movable part of the wall (1) in such a way that it can be selectively removed from or inserted into the wall surface, o and each of which has a recess (8) at its edge in such a way that the recess (8) forms a partial circle of a passage opening (9), characterized in that the wall (1) has at least three guide rails (5) which are arranged parallel to each other as fixed parts of the wall (1) in such a way that two guide channels (6) are created between each pair of guide rails (5), and that the wall segments (7, 10) are each selectively movable in either closing or opening a guide channel (6).

Description

The invention relates to a conduit shaft according to the preamble of claim 1 and a kit for the manufacture of such a conduit shaft. Standard utility shafts are a common design. They provide access to underground cables and are constructed as cuboid housings. The housing has closed walls on one side and two opposing open walls on the other, which can be closed using movable wall segments. These wall segments can be removed, and the remaining housing of the utility shaft might, for example, consist of two half-shells. This allows the utility shaft to be installed around existing cables, referred to below as "existing cables." The existing cables can be threaded into the utility shaft through the two open walls without interrupting the existing cables and then reconnected.To seal the two open walls sand-tight, movable wall segments are used, their indentations creating a sand-tight connection to the pipes. In many cases, the pipes have the same outer diameter, allowing the movable wall segments to be designed with arc-shaped indentations that do not need to be adjusted on-site to the specific pipe diameter, but can be prefabricated at the factory. For electrical cables, cable protection pipes are frequently used in practice. These pipes provide a defined outer diameter, independent of the actual pipe diameter, to which the wall segments are adapted. This allows either electrical cables with different diameters to run in separate cable protection pipes, or several cables with correspondingly small diameters to run together in a single pipe. Within the scope of this proposal, the term "conduit" is therefore used firstly to refer directly to a conduit that carries electrical energy, or signals, or a medium such as gas, drinking water or a heat transfer medium; secondly, the term "conduit" also refers to the coverings in which the actual conduit runs, as is the case, for example, with the aforementioned cable protection pipes. The invention is based on the objective of improving a generic conduit shaft in such a way that it can be adapted particularly flexibly to different configurations and different diameters of conduits. This task is solved by a conduit shaft according to claim 1 and by a kit according to claim 11. Embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims. In other words, the invention proposes that the movable wall segments do not extend across the entire width of the wall. Instead, the wall has at least three guide rails that run parallel to each other and are designed as fixed parts of the wall. For example, they can be mounted using screws, dowels, or the like, or they can be manufactured monolithically together with the floor and / or adjacent walls of the service shaft, e.g., cast from a concrete material. For example, two outer guide rails can connect to adjacent walls of the service shaft, and the middle guide rail is arranged between these two outer guide rails. The three guide rails create two gaps between them, each forming a guide channel through which the cables can be routed into or out of the service shaft.The movable wall segments can selectively close or open the guide channel, and when a corresponding number of wall segments are stacked on top of each other, the respective guide channel is completely sealed sand-tight. Typically, the guide channels are open at the top, so that access to the guide channels does not have to be from the side, but is easily possible even in narrow pits – for example, to mount the wall segments in front of or inside the guide channels. The two guide channels can accommodate different wall segments, which may differ, for example, in their arc-shaped indentations, thus forming openings of varying sizes to fit different pipe diameters. Optionally, "blind segments" without indentations can be provided. These can either be installed directly as wall segments or have indentations cut into them on-site to accommodate pipes with special diameters, for example, where the indentations of the provided wall segments are not designed to fit. The two guide channels allow for the optional installation of the blind segments and the other segments, which may have different indentations, in a matrix arrangement, either above or next to each other.The number and arrangement of the access openings in the service shaft can thus be adapted to the pattern in which the existing lines are laid, namely their arrangement, in which they run side by side and one above the other in the ground. In contrast to movable wall segments that extend across the entire width of the wall and are provided with adjacent indentations across their entire width, this method allows for simple and precise adaptation to the actual conditions encountered on the construction site. The edges of the movable wall segments and guide rails can be designed with a tongue-and-groove joint, allowing the wall segments to be inserted into or removed from the guide channels. This enables tool-free assembly without the need to screw the wall segments in front of the guide channels, for example. This speeds up and simplifies the work process, and in particular, any necessary adjustments can be made with minimal effort. The wall segments each have indentations at their edges. Therefore, two wall segments always work together to create a passageway for a pipe or conduit. The wall segments can be completely free to move and separate from each other. In one embodiment, however, two wall segments are connected by a hinge, simplifying their handling and, in particular, ensuring that both wall segments have indentations with the same radius. Corrections on the construction site, which might otherwise be necessary if adjacent wall segments with indentations of different sizes are accidentally joined to create a passageway, can thus be reliably avoided, thereby accelerating the construction of the conduit shaft.The two interconnected wall segments are hinged in such a way that, in a first, closed position, they create the opening and define its circumference. In a second, open position, the two wall segments open the opening radially, allowing either a pipe to be inserted into the open wall segments or the two wall segments to be placed laterally onto an existing pipe. Only the subsequent closing of the two wall segments creates an outer contour that enables mounting on the wall of the pipe shaft. In one embodiment, two complementary wall segments each have a single indentation, so that these two interacting wall segments together form a single through-opening. Adapted to the largest expected pipe diameter, the required diameter of a through-opening, and consequently the required width of a guide channel and the spacing between the guide strips, can be determined. Creating not just two, but several guide channels side by side in the wall, according to the matrix mentioned above, allows for a particularly flexible arrangement of different wall segments, adapting either to the existing layout of existing pipes or to the desired routing of pipes yet to be installed.As mentioned above, the cables can be either the cables themselves or empty conduits in which the cables run protected. To create the openings in the wall of the service duct, two complementary wall segments interact in pairs due to the indentations that the wall segments have at their edges. A wall segment can have several indentations next to each other, so that together with a second wall segment, it creates several adjacent openings. Alternatively, a wall segment can have several indentations at its opposite edges, so that together with two adjacent wall segments, it creates two or more openings. In this way, a particularly large number of openings can be accommodated within a given wall area.Accordingly, a particularly large number of cables can be accommodated in a cable shaft of a given size, or a cable shaft that is as small as possible can be used for a predetermined number of cables, which therefore requires as little earthwork as possible, thus positively influencing both costs and work progress. In one embodiment, the wall of the conduit shaft has a termination element that is attached to at least one fixed part—or advantageously to several fixed parts—of the wall and can be selectively detached. The termination element closes off a guide channel, so that wall segments arranged in the guide channel are now fixed in place and immovably secured. The use of such a termination element enables rapid work progress, since the individual wall segments do not need to be individually fixed in the wall, for example, to the fixed guide rails. Instead, the individual wall segments connect to each other without play, either directly or with intermediate pieces, so that the attachment of the termination element to at least one fixed part of the wall secures all wall segments arranged in the guide channel. In a further development of the prescribed design, the end element is designed as a finishing strip and extends over at least two guide channels. The advantages associated with the use of an end element are particularly evident because not only the wall segments of a single guide channel, but also those of two or more guide channels are fixed by means of the end element. The wall segments can be designed with a cross-sectional shape that is essentially T-shaped, so that they extend into the guide channel on one side and rest against the fixed parts of the wall on the other. This allows, for example, the wall elements to be fixed to the fixed parts of the wall using screws or other fasteners. In one embodiment, however, the guide rails and the wall segments have a complementary tongue-and-groove geometry, so that the wall segments can be moved into or out of the guide channel along the longitudinal direction of the guide rails and are held securely in the guide channels transversely to the wall surface.The tongue and groove geometry enables a sand-tight design of the wall, whereby sealing elements may be arranged on the guide strips or wall segments, for example as sealing ribs made of the same material and molded onto the respective component, or in the form of additional sealing strips. In principle, the wall surface of the cable duct can be formed solely by guide rails and wall segments. However, in one design, a portion of the wall is configured as a fixed wall section. With standardized cable duct sizes, this allows for adaptation to a relatively small number of cables to be accommodated, so that the size of the guide channels and the number of wall segments to be installed can be reduced accordingly as the fixed wall section increases. This accelerates the work progress on the construction site.However, by foregoing such a fixed wall section, essentially the entire wall surface – apart from the guide rails – can be composed of wall segments, so that a standardized program of as few different elements as possible is used to create the wall, which is positive, for example, with regard to manufacturing costs and the required storage. In a further development of the prescribed design, the fixed wall section is already provided with a through-opening, and / or it has a weakening line designed to create a through-opening, for example, by being circular and having one of the typical outer diameters of pipes encountered in practice. While the wall segments, as movable elements with their edge indentations, can be used to be mounted around an existing pipe, the fixed wall section can be provided with a through-opening through which a new pipe can subsequently be laid.Because the passage opening in the stationary wall section is monolithically surrounded all around by the material of the wall section, the dividing lines that would otherwise run between the two complementary wall segments, which together create a passage opening, are eliminated in favor of the most optimal sand-tight design of the pipe shaft. In one embodiment, the wall containing the passage openings has a frame as a fixed part of the wall. This frame is connected to the adjacent walls of the service shaft, while the wall segments are movable relative to the frame. The frame increases the mechanical stability of the service shaft. For example, three edges of the wall can be L-shaped, so that the wall transitions monolithically into the adjacent side walls and the floor of the service shaft at these three edges. This creates a U-shaped frame that is open at the top, so that the guide channels are also open at the top. The invention further relates to a kit designed to create a conduit according to the invention. Such a kit contains guide rails that are either pre-arranged at a distance from one another at the factory or can be arranged at a distance from one another on site, so that guide channels can be created between each pair of guide rails. The kit also includes wall segments that can be inserted into the guide channels. On the one hand, the kit contains such wall segments, which are referred to as first wall segments and each have a recess on their circumference that forms a partial circle of a through-opening. On the other hand, the kit also contains at least one second wall segment, which, as a so-called blind segment, is free of such a recess.This makes it possible to arrange the different wall segments in the guide channels in such a way that a pattern of closed wall areas and wall areas with openings is created, adapted to the desired or existing course of pipes on the construction site. In one version, the kit includes different first wall segments. These differ in the radii of their indentations, allowing for the creation of through-openings with varying diameters to accommodate pipes of different diameters. In one version, the kit includes a wall section designed to form a fixed part of the wall. To create a sand-tight seal, a correspondingly small number of wall segments are required, which positively impacts the work progress. In one embodiment, the aforementioned wall section either has one or more factory-installed through-openings, or one or more weakening lines designed to create a through-opening. For example, if a utility shaft is to be installed where only existing lines are present and no new lines are to be laid, the shaft can be constructed without using a wall section. However, if new lines are to be laid, unlike existing lines, they can easily be routed through completely enclosed openings, so in this case, the wall section can be used. Even when laying new lines, however, the use of recessed wall segments may be planned, thus reducing the number of differently designed elements by eliminating the need for a wall section. If the wall of the conduit, which is equipped with through-openings, is designed with a wall section as a fixed part of the wall, the kit can include guide rails of different lengths in one configuration, so that the otherwise provided guide rails do not need to be shortened separately. The length of the guide rails differs accordingly by the dimension of the wall section, so that either the longer guide rails can be used if the wall section is not installed, or the shorter guide rails can be used if the installation of the wall section is also planned. In one embodiment, the kit also includes a finishing element which is designed to be detachably attached to a fixed part of the wall and to close off a guide channel in such a way that wall segments arranged in the guide channel are immovably fixed. Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the purely schematic drawings. These show: Fig. 1 a view of an exemplary embodiment of a wall of a conduit shaft provided with through-openings, Fig. 2 a top view of the wall, and Fig. 3 a perspective view of the wall. Fig. 1 shows an end view of a wall 1 of an overall cuboid-shaped conduit shaft, the opposite wall of the conduit shaft being a mirror image of wall 1. Wall 1 has a square, surrounding frame 2, which in the illustrated embodiment is made of a concrete material. A wall section 4 and two outer guide rails 5 are attached to the frame 2 by means of screws 3. Further guide rails 5 are attached to the wall section 4 and extend parallel to the outer guide rails 5, with the distances between all guide rails 5 being equal, thus creating seven guide channels 6 of equal width. In some of the guide channels 6, first wall segments 7 are inserted, each having a semicircular indentation 8, so that two interacting first wall segments 7 together create a circular passage opening 9. Furthermore, second wall segments 10, referred to as blind segments, are inserted in some of the guide channels 6 and do not have any indentations. In the left guide channel 6, a single second wall segment 10 is inserted, which completely fills this guide channel 6, while in the right half of the image, a guide channel 6 is filled with several blind segments, each of which is the same size as two first wall segments 7. The wall section 4 is provided with a multitude of circular weakening lines 11, so that these allow, if necessary, the creation of passage openings 9 which have the same diameter as the passage openings 9 formed by the first wall segments 7.Similar to the two outer guide rails 5, a finishing strip 12 is attached to the frame 2 by means of screws 3. The finishing strip 12 extends transversely and above the guide channels 6, so that in those guide channels 6 which are filled with wall segments 7, 10, the respective wall segments 7, 10 are fixed in a way that prevents displacement and thus prevents movement. In the drawings, the wall 1 is shown only as an example, with the finishing strip 12 installed, but not all guide channels 6 closed, so that in the purely exemplary configuration shown, the wall 1 would not allow the commissioning of the cable duct. Rather, a sand-tight design of the wall 1 is required for this.This can be achieved by filling all guide channels 6 with blind segments, namely the second wall segments 10, or with first wall segments 7, and by closing the passage openings 9 by filling the passage openings 9 with conduits. Fig. 2 shows that the two outer guide rails 5 each have a longitudinal groove, and that the end strip 12 engages in the grooves of the two outer guide rails 5 by means of two springs. The remaining guide rails 5 each have a groove in their two side edges, and the first and second wall segments 7 and 10 are provided with the corresponding springs so that the wall segments 7 and 10 can be inserted from above into the guide channels 6 when the end strip 12 is removed and the guide channels 6 are open at the top. Fig. 3 shows that no through-opening 9 is created in the lower wall section 4, and that, purely by way of example, not all guide channels 6 are completely filled with first or second wall segments 7, 10. All features and advantages arising from the claims, the description and the drawing, including design details, spatial arrangements and process steps, can be essential to the invention both individually and in various combinations. Reference symbol list 1 Wall 2 Frame 3 Screw 4 Wall section 5 Guide rail 6 Guide channel 7 First wall segment 8 Recess 9 Passage opening 10 Second wall segment 11 Weakening line 12 End strip

Claims

Conduit shaft, • with a wall (1), ◯ which has passage openings (9) designed to allow a conduit to pass into or out of the conduit shaft, ◯ wherein the wall (1) has several wall segments (7, 10), ◯ each of which is designed as a movable part of the wall (1) in such a way that it can be selectively removed from or inserted into the wall surface, o and each of which has a recess (8) at its edge in such a way that the recess (8) forms a partial circle of a passage opening (9), characterized in that the wall (1) has at least three guide rails (5) which are arranged parallel to each other as fixed parts of the wall (1) in such a way that two guide channels (6) are created between each pair of guide rails (5), and that the wall segments (7, 10) are each selectively movable in either closing or opening a guide channel (6). A conduit shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that two wall segments (7) are connected in a hinge-like manner and are aligned such that their two indentations (8) point towards each other and form a through-opening (9) between them, wherein the two connected wall segments (7) are hinge-movable in such a way that in a first position they limit the through-opening (9) along its circumference all around and in a second position they open the through-opening (9) in a radial direction. Conduit shaft according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that two complementary wall segments (7) each have a single indentation (8) such that they together form a single through-opening (9). Conduit shaft according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two complementary wall segments (7) each have at least two indentations (8) such that they together form two or more through-openings (9). A conduit shaft according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a closing element which is optionally detachably attached to a fixed part of the wall (1) and closes off a guide channel (6) in such a way that wall segments (7, 10) arranged in the guide channel (6) are immovably fixed. Conduit shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that the termination element is designed as a termination strip (12) which extends over at least two guide channels (6). Conduit shaft according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide strips (5) and the wall segments (7, 10) have a complementary tongue and groove geometry such that the wall segments (7, 10) are held in the guide channels (6) transversely to the wall surface in a displaceable manner. Pipe shaft according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a part of the wall (1) is designed as a fixed wall section (4). Conduit shaft according to claim 8, characterized in that the stationary wall section (4) is provided with a through-opening (9) and / or has a weakening line (11) which is designed to create a through-opening (9). A conduit shaft according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall (1) having the through openings (9) has a frame (2) as a fixed part of the wall (1) which is fixedly connected to adjacent walls of the conduit shaft, and that the wall segments (7, 10) are each movable as a movable part of the wall (1) relative to the frame (2). Kit for creating a conduit shaft designed according to one of the preceding claims, with guide strips (5), and with wall segments (7, 10), each of which can be inserted into a guide channel (6) created between two guide strips (5), wherein the kit includes first wall segments (7), each of which has a recess (8) on its circumference, which forms a partial circle of a through-opening (9), and includes at least a second wall segment (10) which is designed free of such a recess. Kit according to claim 11, characterized in that the kit contains different first wall segments (7) whose indentations (8) differ with respect to their radii. Kit according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the kit includes a wall section (4) which is configured to form a fixed part of the wall (1). Kit according to claim 13, characterized in that the wall section (4) has a through opening (9) and / or a weakening line (11) which is designed to create a through opening (9). Kit according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the kit contains guide rails (5) of different lengths, the length of which differs by the dimension of the wall section (4). Kit according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the kit further includes a closing element which is designed to be detachably attached to a fixed part of the wall (1) and to close a guide channel (6) in such a way that wall segments (7, 10) arranged in the guide channel (6) are immovably fixed.

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