A motor auxiliary drive unit with built-in 6-speed automatic transmission with bicycle hub

Abstract

A motor auxiliary drive unit with a built-in 6-speed automatic transmission with a bicycle hub; a small 4-stroke internal combustion engine with electronic fuel injection, a 6-speed planetary gear automatic transmission and drive system, an oil cooling and lubrication system, a fuel tank, and exhaust gas purification components are integrated and installed into the wheel hub shell inside the rear wheel rim of an ordinary bicycle; an auxiliary drive unit with an internal combustion engine is installed in the wheel hub shell of the rear wheel, and the entire flattened wheel hub shell is completely located within the rear fork of a standard bicycle frame; the external structure retains the original shape of the bicycle without any changes.

Description

Technical area

[0001] An auxiliary drive system with an internal combustion engine in the wheel hub of a bicycle with a 6-speed automatic transmission. To fully match the appearance and design of a conventional bicycle, the auxiliary drive and accessories are integrated and installed in the rear wheel hub shell. A 4-speed or 3-speed automatic transmission is available as an option. Background technology

[0002] Bicycles are easy to use and beautiful because of their simple shape. Since its inception, it has been the most common, convenient, and flexible means of transportation. Cycling has always been a popular means of transportation and a form of leisure and entertainment for the public. Studies have shown that regular cyclists have physical and mental health comparable to that of people ten years younger. In the world of engineering, cycling is the most human-like introduction to the flight movement of birds. With the development of society, how to save physical energy and reduce fatigue by relying solely on human driving so that the bicycle has better mobility and travel time is naturally a clear goal pursued by people.Therefore, there have been numerous attempts and designs to equip bicycles with electric devices that assist human power and facilitate riding. Human / motorized bicycles, whether equipped with an internal combustion engine or an electric motor system, have become a living history of socio-technological development.

[0003] Riding a bicycle is like riding a horse, which can stimulate humans' primitive natural instincts. The person sits in the saddle, legs spread apart, on the left and right sides of the body, and their feet are stepped like stirrups. In this way, both humans and vehicles have formed a good symmetrical support of structural balance. In fact, riding a bicycle is somewhat different from riding a horse because the horse is a four-legged animal, and even if each of its four hooves is simplified to a point, the horse's stance with contact with the ground is still a level, stable state. Its fast gallop is similar to the static, load-balancing support of a four-wheeled vehicle (the horse always keeps one hoof in contact with the ground when galloping).

[0004] The mystery of cycling lies in the fact that the bicycle body (including the wheels), this two-wheeled bicycle structure, is ultimately like a unicycle, and the vertical projection of the body and wheels onto the ground is still a line rather than a contact surface, which can be shaped like a three-wheeled or four-wheeled vehicle. This distinction is very important because it determines the natural static instability (center of gravity) of the bicycle and its essential properties such as dynamic balance and self-preservation. That is, it is the most interesting, most vibrant, and most beautiful place.

[0005] When riding a bicycle, the legs and feet press on the crank pedal to drive the sprocket chain and drive the rear wheel to rotate. During this process, the human legs and feet cooperate with the pedal to perform a circular rotational motion. This is like the piston connecting rods of a parallel twin-cylinder engine driving the rotational motion of the crankshaft. In addition, the crank pedal is arranged with a single row, left and right, symmetrically arranged at 180°. While one side is driven from the high point to the low point to use the momentum to get the job done, the other side corresponds to the "reverse" movement from the low point to the high point, and so on. Considering that there is an angular arc range of 180° in a 360° circle, which belongs to the effective driving state, this can actually be regarded as a "2-stroke" driving mode.Compared to the 2-stroke engine, it cannot reach the effective operating range of 100% stroke (≈55%) due to problems with the intake and exhaust structure on the cylinder wall. It can be seen that although the kinetic energy of the human propulsion is limited, the mechanical efficiency is very high.

[0006] The aforementioned cycling in the world of engineering is the closest form of physical exercise to bird flight for humans, and this metaphor is extremely interesting and apt. Relatively speaking, the dynamic balance characteristics of bicycles are more pronounced. When riding with a pedal-driven pinion, the arms are extended forward to hold the handlebars in a fixed support position, which actually resembles a kind of fixed-wing aircraft structure. The front handlebar has a steering function, so this is very similar to an inverted structure with a front-mounted rudder or an aerodynamic canard layout. At the same time, by changing the posture with the roll deflection of the human upper body and head, the center of gravity and the roadway of the vehicle are naturally adjusted. Also similar to the vertical rudder surface or the horizontal flap is the aileron.Since the upper limbs (arms) form a fixed wing shape when facing forward, the lower limbs must continue to perform rotational movements to provide forward propulsion, which is very similar to the motion of flapping wings. Even in a mechanized propulsion mode, the upper and lower limbs remain relatively static, completely imitating the light and free flight state of a fixed-wing aircraft, similar to flying and hovering at low altitude. Therefore, the tremendous physical and mental enjoyment inherent in the improved version of the power-assisted bicycle riding mode is also the main reason why the development of ultralight power-assisted bicycles is so important.

[0007] The utility model person discovered and realized in the process of practice that the vehicle design of the auxiliary bicycle, first of all, it is necessary to strictly follow the configuration and appearance characteristics of the bicycle itself. The key performance is as follows: the direction of the wheel is longitudinal and the direction of the wheel axis (vertical body) is transverse, combined with the proportional characteristics of the cyclist's body, it is necessary to ensure that the overall structure is slender longitudinally and narrow horizontally. And the body is connected by very simple and natural tubular support structural parts, and the support frame has no additional peripheral parts exposed.

[0008] In particular, when the vehicle body is heavy and the tire contact area is too wide, rolling friction resistance is large. If the vehicle body is too wide laterally, aerodynamic drag is large. Furthermore, the steering operation is prone to operating hysteresis or may cause large tipping / rolling moments and imbalance. Therefore, from the perspective of these key aspects of motion mechanics, following the original natural characteristics of the bicycle's shape and structure is consistent with specific scientific practice.

[0009] The key factor determining the success of a power bike design is, of course, whether it retains the appearance and structural features of the original model. In particular, the body width should be reduced as much as possible, as the concise and streamlined visual structure of the original model must be retained. Therefore, there is a need for a new type of power assisted bicycle based on the above-mentioned objective practical experience and design ideas. It has the appearance and structure of an ordinary bicycle, is equipped with a small, high-power density motor and an automatic transmission system, and maintains a compact and reasonable size, with more user-friendly and convenient riding functions.

[0010] In practice, the utility model engineers found that, according to the structure and appearance characteristics of the bicycle, the best location for installing variable-speed power and transmission components is around the rear wheel rim. This location has the shortest transmission path, few components, and high mechanical efficiency for power input and output, making full use of the internal space of the rear wheel inner diameter. Based on the original ordinary model bicycle, a concise power system upgrade can be completed. Furthermore, the power of the rear hub is evenly distributed across the body load of the lightweight structure and related accessories, thus achieving an optimized and ideal weight distribution of the entire vehicle.

[0011] The introduction of a small engine and automatic transmission in the confined space between the rear hub and the fork of the bicycle frame requires a comprehensive drivetrain support that is easy to install and adapts to the bicycle body structure to ensure space compatibility. The drivetrain is a compact, symmetrical, and flat integrated body that optimizes the shape and simplifies the volume occupied by the powerplant within the frame, thereby reducing damage to the body shape and an unsightly appearance. It makes the riding experience easier and more convenient, more comfortable, and more enjoyable. Only by designing and developing a bicycle that meets the proportions of the original shape of the bicycle structure can further achievements be achieved. Content of the utility model

[0012] The utility model aims to summarize the wisdom of predecessors and build on the lessons learned. It features an innovatively designed internal combustion engine, auxiliary power unit, and bicycle. The highly efficient internal combustion engine, automatic transmission, and related accessories are installed in the rear hub of a standard bicycle rack. In this way, based on the appearance configuration of the bicycle, without changing its shape, auxiliary power is provided according to riding needs, reducing user fatigue, effectively saving physical effort, and ensuring safety. The result is a simple and easy power boost and maximum riding efficiency and enjoyment.

[0013] The motor mounting system is directly adapted to the limited, narrow axial space in the rear wheel of an ordinary bicycle to fully preserve the beauty of the entire vehicle. The lightweight design requires a compact, high-power density power unit housed in a flattened hub shell. This is a key point in the development of the technology. The utility model discloses an internal combustion engine-auxiliary power unit with an automatic transmission that provides precisely such a possibility, reducing the volume after improvement and smoothly integrating the precise and simple powertrain system into the wheel hub shell.

[0014] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: First, the utility model discloses a rear wheel hub shell with a correspondingly enlarged diameter as an integrated subassembly. An engine assembly is provided, including a single-cylinder 4-stroke small engine, a 6-speed automatic transmission, a main clutch, a starter and generator, an oil-lubricated radiator, a fuel system, an air intake, exhaust components, etc. The aforementioned internal combustion engine, transmission, and accessories are installed in the rear wheel hub shell.

[0015] The rim diameter of the bicycle wheel ranges from 16, 18 inches (45.72 cm) to 28 inches (71.1 cm). Preferably, the rim diameter is 23 inches to 27 inches, as these sizes correspond to standard bicycle wheels and tires.

[0016] The wheel hub shell is a split assembly. It consists of a left end cover fixed to the rear wheel shaft and a right wheel hub shell that can rotate freely around the rear wheel shaft. The right rotating wheel hub shell is provided with a central shaft sleeve. The rear wheel main shaft passes through the left fixed end cover and the shaft sleeve of the right rotating housing. A needle bearing (ball bearing) is installed at the left end of the center shaft sleeve of the rotating hub shell. The outer side of the right end is supported by another ball bearing (needle bearing) and the rear wheel shaft for positioning and installation. At the same time, a rear wheel flywheel driven by a human riding chain is mounted on the outer ring surface of the bearing seat.The central shaft sleeve of the freely rotating wheel hub shell and the one-way bearing installed on the outer diameter form the terminal drive structure of the engine power. Thus, the output end of the auxiliary drive inside the rear wheel hub shell directly drives the central shaft sleeve of the wheel hub shell, ensuring the rotation of the rear wheel and the forward movement of the vehicle.

[0017] The internal combustion engine's drivetrain is housed in the rear wheel hub housing. The cylinder head, cylinder block, and crankcase are split in design, and the engine housing contains the crankshaft and automatic transmission. The main body of the engine housing is located in the lower semicircular section within the wheel hub shell, and its shape naturally extends along the curved contour of the wheel hub shell. The raised, curved section on the upper level of the housing body serves to pass through the center shaft sleeve of the rear wheel axle and the hub shell, and together with the housing body, performs a supporting and positioning function.

[0018] The engine's crankshaft chamber (case) shares a complete box with the transmission mechanism and automatic transmission. The engine and automatic transmission are designed and installed directly into one, forming a common cabinet structure. The cylinder block is installed on the case, and the piston is connected to the crankshaft via the connecting rod in the cylinder to perform reciprocating motion and drive the crankshaft to rotate. The crankshaft is contained in the case, and then the transmission transmission mechanism is adopted, which directly handles the power output of the crankshaft. Except for the cylinder block, all power components are housed in a large case and share an oil lubrication system. The oil is stored directly in the lower arc area of ​​the tank, thus forming the oil pan.During engine operation, the rotating parts of the crank and transmission can be sprayed with lubrication from the parts immersed in the oil level. An electric motor oil pump is independently installed in the oil pan, which is responsible for pumping pressurized lubricating oil to the internal valve mechanism of the cylinder head and the area around the combustion chamber, achieving circulating lubrication and cooling effects. The oil cooling system features a compact structure and a high degree of machine integration.

[0019] The engine is an oil-cooled, four-stroke, single-cylinder, 31×33 mm BS engine with a displacement of 24.9 cc, or 32×32 or 33×35, 29.935 cc, and other displacements. The cylinder is mounted at the front longitudinal end of the engine casing. To maximize the interior space of the wheel hub housing and ensure the compactness of the engine, in addition to several up-and-down oil circulation and cooling pipes on the cylinder surface, a small-area heat sink is installed only in a limited area on the right side, and the overall shape is smooth and cylindrical. The engine oil flows back into the oil pan via the oil passage on the cylinder block, so the engine casing itself serves as a radiator. At the same time, the inner wall surface of the fixed end cover on the left side of the wheel hub serves as part of the engine casing (left end face seal). The outer end face also serves as an oil heat sink and direct overall air cooling.

[0020] The engine uses the SOHC concentric intake and exhaust valve timing mechanism with patented technology (China ZL 2023 2 2000221.6, Japan 2024-000862, Germany No. 20 2024 101 466). The concentric intake and exhaust valves are combined with a conical, flat-topped combustion chamber. The cylinder diameter directly serves as a reference surface for valve installation and layout. This creates a parallel nested combination of concentrically distributed outer-circuit intake valves and inner-circuit exhaust valves on the top of the combustion chamber. It offers the outstanding advantages of a simple drive structure, a high cylinder filling coefficient, and high thermal combustion efficiency.

[0021] The concentric circle combination valve mechanism requires only one outer-circuit intake valve and one inner-circuit exhaust valve in the form of a circumferential nested combination on one cylinder and is driven by a single overhead camshaft. The utility model uses the technology of direct meshing of the (crankshaft) gear to drive the camshaft. The gear transmission has the outstanding advantages of precise and stable transmission, low friction resistance, and high reliability. No chain tensioning mechanism is required. At the same time, the final gear of the crankshaft output is directly meshed (through the intermediate gear) to drive the variable-speed transmission system, and the motor can also be connected to the starter motor. The structure of the motor itself is simplified, which is very suitable for the rear axle mounting requirements of ordinary bicycles.

[0022] The intake system is mounted on top of the cylinder head. It includes an air filter, and an electronic throttle valve and fuel injection device are installed on the intake pipe. The ECU automatically adjusts the fuel injection amount of the electronic fuel injection valve according to parameters such as the throttle opening to achieve the best air-fuel ratio. At the same time, under the requirement of compact engine assembly, a carburetor can also be considered. The utility model cites the once highly successful Fish carburetor as a reference. The principle is innovative and the structure is simple, with few components and high efficiency. And oil and gas are evenly mixed, and the performance fully meets the equipment requirements, suitable for ultra-light vehicles.The exhaust gas emitted by the engine passes through the fixed end cover on the left side of the wheel hub through the exhaust pipe after the three-way catalytic converter. The exhaust pipe (muffler) bends to the right along the left fork into the gap between the seat tube and the rear fender to the corresponding position on the right fork side 1 and is discharged at a corresponding angle.

[0023] The automatic transmission and engine crankshaft are arranged front and rear along the longitudinal direction of the housing assembly and located on the rear side of the crankshaft. The transmission is based on a 3-speed transmission unit consisting of a single-row planetary gear mechanism and adopts a three-dimensional assembly method with continuous transmission of the main shaft and countershaft. The flat, cylindrical radial space of the wheel hub shell is fully utilized inside the wheel hub shell. A good connection and arrangement distribution of the mechanism transmission is formed according to the axial and radial geometric features in the engine housing, and the front and rear are installed in a coherent manner in the arc-shaped housing volume. The axial width is optimized and narrowed, saving space and maintaining a compact structure and complete functions.

[0024] The main shaft of the automatic transmission is equipped with a 3-speed transmission unit consisting of a single-row planetary gear set, which is the main part of the 6-speed automatic transmission. It can be used as a 3-speed automatic transmission on its own. It is an internally variable structure with a fixed sun gear, ring gear input, and planetary carrier deceleration output, or planetary carrier input and ring gear speed output. Based on two-speed raising and lowering switching, the ring gear R1 is connected to the ring gear for transmission through a clutch on the output part of the planetary gear set (i.e., a gear sleeve) during power input. At this time, the rotational speed of the ring gear is faster than the rotational speed of the planetary carrier, that is, the output element of the ring gear R1 is formed, which is relative to the lock-up transmission of the output of the planetary carrier C1.It becomes a constant-speed output between the input and output, and the single-sided clutch structure driving the output member on the end face of the planetary carrier ensures that the planetary carrier speed runs at idle. This overrunning function of the transmission is also present and applicable during the process in which the power input via the planetary carrier and ring gear increases the speed of the output gear. Such a simple planetary gear system has three speed outputs: speed reduction, constant speed, and speed increase, and the speed ratio and upshift and downshift ranges are the same. This is the equal-speed ratio shift mode.

[0025] In the 3-speed automatic transmission unit, the single-row planetary gear mechanism P1 generates three equally geared gear positions. To adjust the transmission ratio between the ring gear and the planetary carrier in the planetary gear mechanism, two engagement sleeves connected to the power input and output components are required. Adjusting their different engagement states and gear shift positions is achieved by changing the rotation angle of a clutch shift drive mechanism (stepping motor, shift cam) and the two spiral grooves with different configurations on the surface of a shift cam (drum). The two shift forks are adjusted simultaneously to realize the clutch action of the two independent gear rings of the two engagement sleeves (a and b) and the planetary carrier, thus completing the sequence in one piece.

[0026] The single-row planetary gear train is based on a three-stage gear unit, which is then transmitted to the transmission's countershaft via the reduction mechanism. The countershaft and main shaft are the same fixed shafts installed in the housing. Two additional gear pairs are installed on the surface of the countershaft and the central spindle between the central shaft sleeve of the rotating housing, which continue to mesh and drive together. By selectively engaging the power input of the two drive gears on the countershaft through the clutch, a 3×2 = 6-speed transmission can be formed on the gear pair installed on the hub sleeve. The speed ratio of the 2-speed transmission gear pair creates a completely identical shift mode in the 6-speed transmission series. For example, the upshift range at 18_14.693_12_9.796_8_6.53 is 1.225.Such a transmission series for power transmission has excellent adaptability when changing gears.

[0027] The left end of the transmission's main shaft receives crankshaft power via an input gear rotatably mounted on its shaft. At the same time, this input gear also drives the generator rotor at the left end of the transmission's countershaft through gear meshing. The generator stator is rigidly mounted on the inner wall of the fixed end cover on the left side of the secondary shaft or hub. The rotor power gear is in the form of a stepped sleeve or ring gear with large and small diameters and contains magnets, forming a radially surrounded outer rotor outside the stator. In this way, the rotor rotates synchronously with the gear at the input end of the transmission's main shaft, and the stator coil interrupts the magnetic field to generate electricity to meet power demands. The outer surface of the stator coil can be properly (liquid-)sealed and packaged.

[0028] The utility model discloses a 6-speed automatic transmission in which a 4-speed automatic transmission consisting of a planetary gear can also be installed inside the engine housing in the wheel hub housing.

[0029] 4-speed automatic transmission. Three simple planetary gears with identical characteristics are arranged sequentially on the fixed spindle of the transmission, all in deceleration mode with a fixed sun gear, ring gear input, and planetary carrier output. Among them, two planetary gears (P2~P3) form a compound mechanism in the form of simple series. That is, the planetary carrier C2 of the P2 mechanism is directly used as the input ring gear R3 of the P3 mechanism. The planetary carrier C3 of the P3 mechanism serves as the final deceleration output. The power input and output ports of P1 and (P2-P3) are respectively adjusted by two electronically controlled clutches on the output member of the planetary gear mechanism. The clutch engagement sleeve is connected to the ring gear to achieve a constant-speed output, and the connecting planetary carrier becomes the output of the deceleration gear.This results in the formation of four differential speed ratios with the characteristic of the proportional series.

[0030] In this way, the engine auxiliary unit can form three automatic transmission modes of 6 gears, 4 gears, and 3 gears for the crankshaft output of the single-cylinder, four-stroke engine. The 6-speed automatic transmission is a typical transmission with a simple and compact structure. It automatically switches gears according to the vehicle's traveling speed to reduce the crankshaft speed, and after the speed change, transmits the more suitable torque to the rear wheel to generate driving power. It is especially suitable for use in auxiliary power systems of bicycles and small light motorcycles. The utility model uses a stepping motor and a solenoid valve device to control the clutch, and adjusts the input and output gear structure of the planetary gear mechanism in the transmission according to the engagement state of the clutch. The overall power reduction ratio is preferably 18:1, but can be increased (e.g., 19:1).Gear shifting can be precisely controlled to meet driving requirements under various conditions, such as climbing a gradient on a mountain road and when a low gear is required to provide high torque when the vehicle is heavily loaded. The transmission is held in a lower gear to assist the engine in providing sufficient torque under higher-speed conditions, i.e., load-bearing / gradeability. It offers the remarkable advantages of high transmission efficiency and good gear shift stability.

[0031] The two modes of pedal-chain drive and automatic transmission drive for the motor's auxiliary power can be used for power synthesis at the end of the hub shell (two one-way clutches separated from the inside and outside of the shell to derive different transmission paths), which means they have the function of assisting human power in the implementation. They can also be ridden separately without interfering with each other, fully maintaining the lightweight and efficient performance characteristics of the bicycle.

[0032] While riding, the electronic throttle opening is adjusted by turning the sleeve-shaped throttle grip on the right end of the handlebar to match the engine speed and vehicle speed. To simplify the structure and improve the appearance of the bicycle, the utility model uses wireless transmission to remotely control the throttle via the handlebar throttle. The arrangement of the throttle cable along the body frame is eliminated, which is simpler, more beautiful, and more practical. The throttle grip is connected to the torque sensor to detect and transmit signals. After receiving the electrical signal, the ECU sends specific instructions to the electronic throttle control system for adjustment.

[0033] Based on maintaining the appearance and configuration of ordinary bicycles, the utility model discloses a powertrain transmission unit installed in the rear wheel hub, forming a rear-wheel direct drive. Other related peripheral accessories are also integrated into the bicycle carrier and body. A composite basket is installed in front of the bicycle, and the auxiliary fuel tank in the battery and fuel system is arranged in the intermediate layer of the front basket shell. The oil pipe is connected to the internal fuel tank of the hub shell through the inner diameter of the lower tube (inclined main beam) of the frame from the fixed end cover on the left side of the rear hub (the pipe can be larger in the lumen of the inclined main beam to increase the fuel supply capacity). The fuel tank filler neck is installed in the inner chamber of the multi-function meter housing on the handlebar.In this way, the total fuel storage capacity of the fuel tank can reach about 3 liters, and the mileage of a single supported engine is about 300 km.

[0034] Obviously, the motor auxiliary drive unit with built-in 6-speed automatic transmission with bicycle hub is fully adapted to the appearance and configuration features of an ordinary bicycle and has the following significant advantages: 1. The core idea of ​​the utility model is to fully maintain the neat appearance and concise structure of ordinary bicycles, while maintaining the appearance and structure of the prototype bicycle. Through a compact and reasonable design of the three-axis transmission structure and a three-dimensional layout, the motor and 6-speed automatic transmission share a single housing and serve as a single unit, and are housed in a flat wheel hub shell along with the corresponding accessories. This improves power density and energy efficiency while maintaining the sleek shape and lightweight flexibility of the entire machine and vehicle. ② Fully retains the natural characteristics of the configuration appearance of ordinary bicycles. The power transmission system is fully integrated and mounted in the rear hub shell, so it does not cause any changes or impact on the appearance and vehicle architecture of ordinary bicycles, and completely improves the essential characteristics of the vehicle with a simple appearance and a lightweight and flexible structure. It provides an unparalleled sense of clarity and visibility, visual aesthetics, and internal identity, fully utilizing all the advantages of a brisk and comfortable bicycle ride. 3 Technological innovation and upgrading of components supporting the power system. The advanced technology of the SOHC valve mechanism with concentric intake and exhaust valves is adopted, the intake efficiency is increased by 100%, and the torque is sufficient under medium and low speed conditions. The small-displacement, oil-cooled engine has high power and a simplified structure, low energy consumption, and low cost, ensuring the adaptation of bicycle riding performance to the terrain. Based on the appearance and frame of an ordinary bicycle, it offers better maneuverability and cruising range. The refined layout saves space on the entire vehicle and greatly improves riding comfort and enjoyment. 4. The first automatic transmission with a 6-speed planetary gear in small single-cylinder internal combustion engine bicycle drive technology. Automatic transmissions are used in the engine power delivery process, which can be downshifted to increase output torque at the same engine speed, or downshifted to reduce engine speed at the same driving speed. Gear meshing transmissions and other transmission forms are adopted, the gear ratio is smooth, and the accuracy and reliability of automatic gear shifting are maintained. The engine power can be adjusted at any time according to the entire vehicle load and the magnitude of driving resistance to meet driving needs, which is convenient, comfortable, and enjoyable. Therefore, the automatic transmission is the first choice to ensure the efficient working conditions of the powertrain and comfortable driving. 5. The auxiliary drive and automatic transmission are integrated into a housing unit, and are installed and housed in the rear hub shell, along with the intake and exhaust system, electronic fuel injection, fuel tank, oil lubrication, and other accessories. The structure is compact and the volume is small, so it takes up little space. The flat-shaped hub shell has a strong mechanical structure, high transmission efficiency, reasonable design, and good safety and reliability. It ensures a symmetrical distribution of the bicycle's total mass along the longitudinal axis and improves the stability and balance of the bicycle's overall center of gravity. 6. The engine and automatic transmission are integrated in a semicircular area under the wheel arch. This lowers the center of gravity of the entire bike and improves dynamic stability. The standard oil lubrication and heat dissipation cooling system within the casing improves the lubrication conditions of the engine and transmission, especially for the engine. The air-cooled heat dissipation area of ​​the left hub end cover is 16 times that of the engine cylinder block. The thermal equilibrium temperature of the oil cooling circuit (cylinder head / block) is significantly reduced and optimized. ⑦ The powertrain of a bicycle internal combustion engine, which can use methanol or ethanol as fuel. The ethanol is heated and vaporized by the waste heat from the engine block and exhaust port, then fully mixed with air and injected into the combustion chamber. Through the combustion of alcohol-based fuel, the production of harmful emissions from internal combustion engines can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, through the additional catalytic cracking device, the ethanol vapor in the fuel system reacts under the action of the catalyst to generate part of the hydrogen and form a hydrogen-rich mixture, which is directly injected into the engine for combustion. The combustion-supporting properties of hydrogen, with low ignition energy and fast flame propagation speed, can accelerate and improve the low-temperature combustion properties of ethanol in engine operation.The effective use of engine waste heat improves energy utilization.

[0035] As liquid fuels, alcohols have the advantages of high energy density, low carbon content, and convenient transportation and storage. Methanol or ethanol has the characteristics of renewable, large-scale, clean and efficient, low energy consumption, practicality, and safety, and has become a promising high-energy fuel. Hydrogen is produced in real time through catalytic conversion, effectively solving a variety of technical problems in the utilization of hydrogen energy and becoming an ideal hydrogen carrier.

[0036] To develop sustainable, low-carbon and environmentally friendly bioenergy and related new economic models.

[0037] ⑧ The bicycle hub has a built-in auxiliary power unit and the auxiliary bicycle on which this unit is installed. The human-powered or motor-assisted drive modes are independent and compatible with each other, ensuring easy synchronization. The external appearance is exactly the same as that of a regular bicycle, without redundant size and volume. It does not occupy more road and parking resources in urban and rural transportation, which is very flexible and convenient.

[0038] In summary, the utility model aims to integrate the built-in drive system of the "all-in-the-wheel" bicycle rear hub into the hub shell of the bicycle through technical innovation and upgrading. The motor, automatic transmission, lubrication and cooling, control unit, and accessory mechanism are integrated into the hub shell of the bicycle rear wheel. While maintaining the original appearance and structure of the bicycle, the advantages of simple structure, small size, light weight, large load capacity, low transmission loss, and low emission are realized. It solves the technical limitations of the existing bicycle power plant.More functional diversity and humanization, from the perspective of driver comfort satisfaction, personalization and automation, optimization of vehicle configuration, more compact and concise, richer and fuller, provides a new choice and positive opportunity for vehicle design language and end users. Description with drawings Fig. is a left perspective view of a bicycle equipped with a wheel hub with an auxiliary drive with an internal combustion engine. Fig. is a right perspective view of a bicycle equipped with a wheel hub with an auxiliary drive with an internal combustion engine, Fig. is a left plan view of a bicycle equipped with a wheel hub with an auxiliary drive with an internal combustion engine. Fig. is a right plan view of a bicycle equipped with a wheel hub with an auxiliary drive with an internal combustion engine. Fig. is a schematic diagram of the rear wheel housing structure and rear wheel hub of the 6-speed automatic transmission powertrain. Fig. is a left side view of the built-in auxiliary power supply of the installed 6 AT hub shell. Fig. is a perspective structural diagram of the left side of the hub shell with the 6 AT auxiliary drive unit installed. Fig. is a right top view of the installed auxiliary drive unit of the installed 6 AT hub shell. Fig. is a perspective structural diagram of the right side of the hub shell with the 6 AT auxiliary drive unit installed. Fig. is a schematic diagram of the installation configuration of the clutch sleeve in a 6-speed automatic transmission. Fig. is a structural diagram of the 6-speed automatic transmission in 1st gear. Fig. is a structural diagram of the 6-speed automatic transmission in 2nd gear. Fig. is a structural diagram of the 6-speed automatic transmission in 3rd gear. Fig. is a structural diagram of the 6-speed automatic transmission in 4th gear. Fig. is a structural diagram of the 6-speed automatic transmission in 5th gear. Fig. is a structural diagram of the 6-speed automatic transmission in 6th gear. Fig. is a schematic diagram of the overall transmission structure of a 4-speed automatic transmission. Fig. is a flowchart of the 4-speed automatic transmission 1st ~ 4th gear, Fig. is a schematic representation of the concentric circle configuration of the intake and exhaust valves. Fig. is a three-dimensional configuration diagram of the concentric circle mechanism for controlling the intake and exhaust valves. Fig. is a structural diagram of a combustion chamber in which the SOHC rocker arm controls the intake and exhaust valves to close simultaneously. Fig. is a schematic diagram of the SOHC rocker arm actuator configuration for concentric intake valve opening. Fig. is a schematic representation of the concentric circle configuration of the exhaust valve opening of the SOHC rocker arm actuator. Fig. is a top view of the combustion chamber with a flat cone and the concentric contours of the intake and exhaust valves.

[0039] Reference numbers: 1-rear wheel center shaft, 2-wheel hub housing, 3-left end cover of the wheel hub housing, 4-hub shaft sleeve, 5-engine end cover, 6-cylinder block, 7-air intake filter, 8-intake duct and throttle valve, 9-fuel injector, 10-left drive unit housing half, 11-left housing half for positioning the crankshaft carrier, 12-right drive unit housing half, 13-crank, 13a-left crankshaft output gear, 14-crankshaft bearing seat, 15-electric starter, 15a-one-way bearing at the output end of the starter motor, 16-main shaft of the automatic transmission, 17-power input gear of the main shaft of the transmission, 17a-open annular groove of the clutch housing, 18-clutch engagement sleeve 1, 18a-Clutch engagement sleeve 2, 19-Planetary gear mechanism P1, 19a-P1-Shift engagement portion of the speed unit (engagement ring groove on the outer diameter of the ring gear), 20-Sun gear S1, 21-Planet carrier C1, 22-Ring gear R1,23- P1-Power output end component (drum), 24-One-way bearing clutch, 25-Planetary gear mechanism P2, 25a-Sun gear S2, 25b-Planetary carrier C2, 25c-Ring gear R2, 26-Automatic transmission countershaft, 27-Countershaft transmission input gear, 28-Drive gear pair 1, 29-Drive gear pair 2, 30-Clutch B (Engaging sleeve), 31-Generator (rotor), 31a-Generator stator, 32-Driven gear pair 1a, 33-Driven gear pair 2a, 34-One-way bearing clutch, 35-Planetary gear mechanism P3, 35a-Clutch housing output sleeve, 36-Planetary gear mechanism P4, 37-Pressure oil pump, 38-ECU, 39-Exhaust port, 40-Idler gear a, 41-Idler gear b, 42-Idler gear c, 43-Idler gear d, 44-Single overhead camshaft, 45-Intake valve cam, 46-Exhaust valve cam, 47-Outer air intake ring, 47a-Outer air intake port, 48-Inner air exhaust circuit, 49-Combustion chamber, 50-Valve stem, 51-Rocker arm shaft, 52-Rocker arm, 53-Valve spring,54-Grille support frame above the combustion chamber, 55-Center valve seat, 55a-Center valve seat ring, 56-Outer valve seat ring, 57-Spark plug, 58-Front wheel, 59-Rear wheel, 60-Bicycle frame (body), 61-Large sprocket, 62-Chain, 63-Short cross member, 64-Simple instrument cluster with fuel filler neck, 65-Front basket (battery-fuel tank complex), 66-Shift fork, 67-Fuel tank built into the wheel hub, The specific embodiment

[0040] To illustrate the technical relationships more clearly, the typical features of an auxiliary drive unit with a 6-speed automatic transmission installed in the wheel hub of a bicycle are described below in conjunction with the attached drawings. The following exemplary embodiments serve to describe the design elements, but are not intended to limit the essential meaning and scope of the utility model.

[0041] Fig. and Fig. are three-dimensional diagrams of a bicycle with a built-in motor drive, installed in the rear hub shell, and equipped with a 6-speed or 4-speed automatic transmission. The illustration shows a standard two-wheeled bicycle. It consists of a frame consisting of a diagonal front carriage (down tube), seat riser, short cross member near the large sprocket, and a crank bottom bracket tube. The front and rear wheels are mounted and positioned on the front fork, rear fork, and rear flat fork. The pedal crank and chain drive system transmits human pedaling power to the rear wheel. The bicycle also has handlebars, front and rear brakes, a saddle, and any accessories (basket, measuring device).

[0042] The auxiliary drive unit, the automatic transmission and the associated intake and exhaust systems, the oil supply system, the oil tank, and the lubrication and cooling devices are integrated and installed into the hub shell assembly (2, 3) of the rear wheel of the bicycle. It must be recognized that the drive unit sets the objective requirements for the bicycle to be simple, compact, and lightweight in terms of shape, weight, and volume. These factors significantly influence the aesthetic design features, sports performance, and the riding experience of the bicycle as a means of transportation. The utility model uniformly installs the drive assembly in the wheel hub shell. The performance is good, the overall coordination is symmetrical, and the aesthetics and functionality are significantly improved.

[0043] Fig. and Fig. , respectively, show a left and right plan view of a bicycle with an auxiliary drive built into the rear wheel hub. An ordinary bicycle is used, which includes a frame (60), a front wheel (58), a rear wheel (59), a handlebar, a saddle, and other components. The inclined frame beam and the vertical seat tube are firmly connected to the lower (crankshaft) center shaft sleeve to form a V-shaped structure, and are connected by a short cross member (63) to form a triangular stable structure for reinforcement, and is convenient for carrying and transportation by hand. The saddle is inserted into the diameter of the seat post tube through the seat support rod, and the positioning height can be adjusted. When riding, the person drives the sprocket system (61, 62) by stepping on the crank pedals connected to both ends of the center shaft and moves the rear wheel forward.

[0044] The steering column of the handlebar is connected to the front wheel wishbone through the head tube and can rotate freely within the head tube. The handlebar is equipped with a fuel filler neck (64), and the fuel filler neck is located in the annular cavity of the simple meter. The fuel filler neck can be connected by opening the display cover, which facilitates the clear display of instrument parameter functions and ensures a simple and convenient gravity refueling method. Related accessories permanently installed on the bicycle include the bottom layer of the basket (65) and the outer side skirts for installing the battery and auxiliary fuel tank, as well as the seat connecting rod inserted into the seat riser, for example, with an inner diameter of 2.9 cm, which can be used to install the battery to further increase the storage capacity.The front lights can be designed to be installed on the underside of the front wall inside the basket. Or they can be positioned directly on the front of the basket using a flashlight clamp for effective street lighting.

[0045] The braking system on the front wheel is a built-in drum brake for the hub. The rear wheels still feature the traditional V- or C-brake design. This is a common braking device on bicycles, shaped like a "V" and consisting of two brake pads that clamp the rim together to create friction and achieve the braking effect.

[0046] It's important to note that traditional V-brakes or C-brakes don't mean they're backward or inefficient. The V-brake has a simple and reliable structure. The brake block (shoe) is located on the outer ring of the wheel and has a large adhesion area and large braking torque. The innovative design of the lever structure of the brake force arm allows the brake block to clamp the rim to achieve more sensitive, stable, and powerful braking force. The structure is simple, and the tool position is reasonable and does not occupy the axial space of the rear wheel, which is simple, practical, and desirable.

[0047] The familiar parts of a bicycle are explained here only narratively, individual labeling is not provided. As can be seen from the Fig. As can be seen, the auxiliary drive assembly of the utility model completely conforms to the appearance and configuration of an ordinary bicycle, and the tool size is completely suitable for the width of the rear wheel frame of an ordinary bicycle, thus achieving the purpose of being light, compact, simple, and light. Based on ordinary bicycles, without changing the original structure and human pedaling function, it provides a type of lightweight transportation with a small internal combustion engine auxiliary drive unit built into the rear wheel hub, which can automatically change speed in 6 or 4 gears, that is, auxiliary drive bicycles. It has achieved the dual convenience mode of both human-powered pedaling and motorized driving.

[0048] As in Fig. Shown: The right-hand hub's rotatable housing (2) is a cylindrical member that extends along the central main shaft (1) to the left-hand fixed end cover. It docks with the left-hand fixed end cover (3) to form a rotating gap seal. The inner diameter of the cylindrical portion of the right-hand rotatable hub housing is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the outer edge of the left-hand fixed end cover, and the surface of the housing (2) is connected to the rim via a steel wire spoke to form a drive.

[0049] The bicycle's three drive modes (human, motor, and human-machine combination) are all centered on the rotating housing of the rear wheel hub (2). On the outside of the right end of the wheel housing, a flywheel system with a chain drive and one-way clutch for human-powered travel around the axle is located. A clutch element in the form of a one-way bearing for the power output of the combustion engine is also located on the outer diameter of the axle sleeve (4) inside the wheel hub housing and drives the central shaft sleeve of the wheel hub. The two one-way clutches of the two transmission paths inside and outside the wheel hub shell are designed identically and also have the same overrunning direction. This ensures the compatibility and coordination of the two human / machine drive modes. They do not interfere with each other and can form a common human-machine drive under certain speed conditions.

[0050] The actual assembly of the powertrain is carried out with the fixed end cover (3) on the left side of the hub shell as the central structural part. The left end cover of the wheel hub is fixed to the wheel axle (1), and the relative gap to the rotating housing (2) is sealed. At the same time, the inner wall of the end cover is not only firmly connected and sealed to the left side of the engine housing, but its inner wall surface actually forms a part of the engine housing (the left side wall). It also plays a positioning and supporting role for the installation of accessories such as air filters, throttle bodies, exhaust mufflers, and fuel tanks. The fixed end cover (3) simultaneously performs the important function of an oil cooler. The plate surface is in contact with the air to directly dissipate heat by convection.It has the comprehensive characteristics of compact and simple structure as well as convenient and flexible installation.

[0051] Fig. , Fig. are the utility model wheel hub shell, installed auxiliary drive unit, left side plan view and the corresponding three-dimensional configuration diagram. With reference are Fig. , Fig. The right top view of the installed auxiliary drive unit of the hub shell and the corresponding three-dimensional configuration diagram. Please note that in order to clearly and concisely illustrate the overall structure and connection relationship, the schematic diagram does not step forward to show the teeth of each gear.

[0052] Fig. and Fig. show the specific position of the drivetrain in the hub shell and the transmission relationship between the engine and the automatic transmission in the transmission. The shell (2) can be designed according to the outer profile width of 6.3~6.8 cm and the diameter of ∅29~31.3 cm. A small 4-stroke single-cylinder engine, a 6-speed automatic transmission, an air intake filter system (7, 8), a fuel supply system, an electronic fuel injection system (9), an electric starter motor (15) and a generator system (31), a fuel tank (67), an exhaust gas purification and muffler system (39) and other components are all integrated and installed in a rear wheel hub shell (2), with the air intake and exhaust, the fuel system, the fuel tank and the ECU unit (38) and other devices all located in the upper half of the center axis of the wheel hub shell.

[0053] The cylinder block (6) is mounted on the housing, and the piston reciprocates in the cylinder, driving the crankshaft through the connecting rod. The utility model uses a single overhead camshaft (44) with gear direct mesh drive technology. The gear drive camshaft has the outstanding advantages of precise and stable transmission, low frictional resistance, high reliability, and the elimination of a chain tensioning mechanism. At the same time, when using the camshaft gear, the crankshaft output gear (13a) directly meshes with the idler gear to drive the variable-speed transmission system.

[0054] See Fig. , the intermediate gear of the crankshaft output (13a) of the meshing drive (40, 41) is delayed by 50% to move to the camshaft gear (44), drive gear spindle input gear (17) through intermediate gear (43) at the same time, corresponding gear with variable speed according to automatic transmission input power carry out, final drive with hub shaft sleeve (4) on the main shaft (1) through gearbox countershaft (26).

[0055] The electric starter (15) is located at the front longitudinal end of the engine housing. The starter output shaft is decelerated by the self-equipped 5:1 planetary gear set, and then power is delivered through the rotating arm of the planetary carrier. The planetary carrier is connected to the inner ring of the clutch (15a) of the one-way bearing configuration, and the outer ring is driven at the same speed to mesh the idler gear (42, 40) to drive the crankshaft output gear (13a). The idler gear (42, 40, 41) drives the SOHC valve mechanism for running and starting.Since the outer ring of the starter-driven one-way clutch (15a) has the same diameter as the camshaft sprocket and twice the diameter of the crankshaft sprocket (13a), the speed of the crankshaft drive gear is actually decelerated (5:2) compared to the starter motor speed, which is 100% faster than the speed of the single overhead camshaft (44), and the steering is opposite. By adjusting the current and output of the starter motor, the engine idling state is adjusted at the same time. It can ensure that when the crankshaft drives the outer ring of the one-way clutch (15a) after the engine is started, even if the speed of the outer ring (driven by the crankshaft) is decelerated (1 / 2) at this time, it is still faster than the speed of the inner ring driven by the starter motor planetary gear.This means that after the engine is started, the overdrive is maintained between the inner and outer rings of the one-way clutch, and the outer ring is in neutral relative to the inner ring. The electric starter is overload protected. The electric starter can then be switched off and on.

[0056] See Fig. The engine casing is formed by butt-joining the left and right halves (10, 12). The width of the left casing half (because it contains the gear transmission part at the crankshaft output end) is larger than that of the right casing half, and both sides are open throughout. The left side of the right casing half is open, and its right end surface is a closed end surface. The end surface has a corresponding shaft hole end cover for installation and debugging. After the right casing half is firmly connected to the left casing half, the whole is directly connected to the left fixed end cover of the hub shell (2) for assembly and sealing.That is, the left end cover (3) of the wheel hub shell is fixed to the rear wheel spindle, and while the gap is sealed by the rotating housing, the inner wall of the end cover is firmly connected to the motor housing, and its inner wall surface actually constitutes a part of the motor housing (left end face seal).

[0057] The Fig. shows in three dimensions the gear relationship between the output end of the engine crankshaft, the gear meshing that drives the main shaft of the automatic transmission, and the starter motor, the gear associated with the single overhead camshaft (44) and the intermediate gear (41) is omitted from the figure. Fig. Figure 9 shows the outer contour of the motor housing assembly and its shape in the wheel hub housing in three-dimensional form.

[0058] As in Fig. As can be seen, the main body of the engine housing is located in the lower part of the inner space of the wheel hub shell. A main bearing seat support frame for assembling the left and right crankshafts is cast between the upper and lower surfaces of the left and right housings (10, 12) and the box body 1. The inner support frame (11) of the left box half is a longitudinal wall structure, and the wall surface is used for positioning and installing each intermediate gear shaft. The space in the right housing is somewhat narrow, and the processing of the support beam of the inner right crank bearing seat can be simplified. An X- or Y-shaped component is molded in the right housing to save width and meet the requirements for support positioning and calibration. The pressure oil pump (37) arranged in the oil pan is also connected and positioned with the crankshaft and the bearing seat frame.

[0059] The drive housing is connected at the front and rear, as well as at the top and bottom. The left side of the housing (10) is directly connected to the left end cover (3) of the wheel hub shell, forming a complete housing cavity and a sealing shape. The left and right side walls of the housing are not equipped with bearing seats for simplicity. The engine and transmission are lubricated and cooled with universal engine oil. Except for the cylinder head, which uses oil pump pressure lubrication (injection), the crankshaft, pistons, and other key parts and transmission components are all lubricated with simple splash lubrication, which simplifies the structure and reduces component wear.

[0060] Fig. shows the clutch engagement sleeve in an automatic transmission. The engagement sleeve is in the form of an annular disc, and the annular track groove on the outer edge is connected to the shift fork. The annular disc body is slipped onto the outer periphery of the ring gear in the planetary gear set, and sliding friction exists between them. It is inserted through the through hole in the disc into the toe-shaped opening groove on the peripheral surface of the (input / output) transmission component, i.e., the clutch housing (prong). It can move back and forth laterally along the open slot to engage various rotating elements for power input or output. The engagement sleeve body and the various rotating elements on both sides (ring gear and planetary carrier) are connected by a dog-tooth connection.The inner surface of the engagement sleeve ring is evenly divided with notched grooves. The notched portions intersect and lock with the convex teeth on the surface of the engaging element, completing the synchronous transmission process. When the notched groove of the engagement sleeve disengages from the transverse fixation of the joint element, the synchronous movement and power transmission are released.

[0061] Figure (10a) represents the shape of the engagement sleeve, which can be understood as transmitting the input power to the rotating element (ring gear and planet carrier) of the planetary gear mechanism P1 (18). Figure (10b) shows the schematic representation of the mutually sliding inner and outer sleeves of the engagement sleeve and the outer annular surface of the ring gear (22), which can be understood as the engagement sleeve (18a) that transmits the output power. The sequential coordination of the various rotating elements results in a gear ratio of 3 equal parts. The engagement sleeve (30) of the clutch on the countershaft of the transmission can have the same structure.

[0062] The Fig. Show the shifting process from 1 to 6 gears of the 6-speed automatic transmission. The transmission mainshaft and the countershaft itself do not rotate and are rigidly connected to the housing. The input gear (17) can be rotatably enclosed at the left end of the mainshaft (16), and the crankshaft output of the transmission is meshed with the intermediate gear (43), and primary deceleration is performed.

[0063] A plurality of opening grooves (17a) are provided on the cylindrical annular surface of one side of the gear. The engagement sleeve (18) is inserted into the opening grooves to maintain synchronous rotation with the gear (17) and can move along (17a). The engagement sleeve (18), which is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the ring gear (22), is driven by a stepping motor to adjust the lateral movement. The fork is embedded in the circumferential annular groove of the engagement sleeve, and the power is supplied to the ring gear or the planetary carrier of the planetary gear mechanism P1.The output member (23) of P1 is also a clutch housing with the shape of an open annular groove, and the engagement sleeve (18a) is sleeved on the outer surface of the ring gear (22), and the annular groove of the toe-shaped tube base is integrally embedded and rotates at the same speed as the output member and is driven by a fork and can move laterally along the open groove on the output member and completes the engagement and power transmission of the ring gear P1 and then forms three switching speeds with a constant speed ratio.

[0064] The engagement sleeves (18) and (18a) are each mounted on the clutch housing (17a, 23) surrounding the planetary gear P1. Their different motion states can be integrated by a shift motor via a shift cam. On the outer surface of the drum-shaped shift cam, there are spiral grooves with different scales and rotation angles. The rotation of the spiral grooves generates horizontal lateral displacement, that is, the process of rotation into linear motion. Driven by the rotation of the shift drum mechanism, the two shift fork rods, whose ends are connected to spiral grooves of different configurations, move separately, and the two shift forks move separately to achieve the engagement or disengagement of the two shift engagement sleeves with transmission elements in different directions and the speed change process.

[0065] The power of the gasoline engine is transmitted from the crankshaft drive gear (13a) via the intermediate gear (43) as input power to the input gear (17) on the transmission main shaft (16). By adjusting the engagement sleeve A (18, 18a), the ring gear (22) of the planetary gear mechanism P1 or the planet carrier (21) engages the crankshaft power to produce a 3-speed gear ratio.

[0066] After the gear shift, the power is output from the output member (23), decelerated by the coaxial planetary gear mechanism P2, and then driven by the outer peripheral teeth of the ring gear (25c), which meshes with the input gear on the transmission countershaft (26). The shaft sleeve of the input gear (27) is provided with a pair of drive gears (28, 29), which are selectively connected and coupled via a clutch (30) connected to the shaft sleeve of the gear (27) via a keyway. They also mesh with two pairs of driven gears mounted on the main shaft (1) and the center hub shaft sleeve (4) to produce two reduction ratios. The driven gears (32, 33) of the gear pair transmit the power to the center shaft sleeve (4) of the rear hub via an interconnected one-way bearing, and then drive the rear wheel and the bicycle.

[0067] In the transmission system, the engagement / disengagement function of the main clutch is completed by the power input clutch in the 3-speed transmission unit. That is, when the engagement sleeve (18) maintains the idle sleeve in a single-row position during idle operation, the element of the planetary gear mechanism P1 is connected without power supply, and the engine is idling in the non-output state of the transmission. Of course, the neutral running function can also be realized by the engagement sleeve (30) on the 2-speed transmission gear on the transmission countershaft (26). In this configuration, the transmission spindle components remain rotating during engine idle operation, providing the advantages of sufficient oil splash lubrication and good heat dissipation in the box.

[0068] The above table lists the specific transmission path and gear ratios of each stage of the 6-speed automatic transmission in the auxiliary power unit. Through different clutches under the operation of the stepper motor and solenoid valve, the variable speed of 1-6 gears can be adjusted sequentially, and the lifting process of the transmission is the same. Analyze the source of the gear ratio of each of the six gears, corresponding to output / input (output / input): (3 / 10) × (2 / 3) × (25 / 72) × (8 / 7) × (7 / 10) = (1 / 18). The total transmission reduction ratio (input / output) of 1st gear is 18. Sequential calculation of the distribution of the transmission series with the ratio of 1 to 6 equal gears: 18_14.6938_12_9.7959_8_6.5306.

[0069] In the Fig. The planetary gear mechanism P1 receives power from the engagement sleeve (18) meshing with the engagement ring groove (19a) of the gear ring, while the planetary carrier C1 drives the inner ring connected to the output member (23) through the outer ring connected to the one-way bearing (24) to reduce power. In order to enable the ring gear and the planetary carrier of the planetary gear mechanism P1 to mesh with the engagement sleeve mounted on the outer surface of the ring gear for power input, the utility model improves the structure of the planetary carrier. The planetary carrier (21) is in the form of a double-sided plate (rotating arm), and the left rotating arm can be connected to the engagement sleeve fitted onto the outer diameter of the gear ring via the extended flange surface, and the clutch speed change is completed by mutual locking.The center bore of ring gear R1 is sleeved on the outer diameter of the shaft sleeve of the left rotary arm (side plate) of C1 and is located between the flange surface of the extended connection of the left rotary arm and its housing on the left side of ring gear R1. This ensures the support and installation positioning of the ring gear R1 itself.

[0070] In the Fig. The engagement sleeve (18) engages the ring gear R1 to input power, and the planetary carrier C1 drives the inner ring connected to the output member via the outer ring of the one-way bearing (24) to reduce power. Then, the engagement sleeve (18a) on the output member (23) engages the engagement ring groove (19a) of the ring gear. At this time, the input power R1 is generated and the power is output at a constant speed. The ring gear (22) rapidly drives the inner ring of the one-way bearing (24) connected to the output member (23), thereby creating a freewheel gear on the outer ring of the one-way bearing connected to the planetary carrier (21), that is, the outer ring of the one-way bearing connected to the output of the planetary carrier becomes idle.This is the constant speed transmission of the planetary gear mechanism P1, which is formed by the freewheel gear when the speed of the ring gear is higher than that of the planet carrier.

[0071] In Fig. The engagement sleeve (18) on the planetary carrier (21) engages the input power, and the engagement sleeve (18a) on the output member (23) engages the ring gear (22) to accelerate the output. At this moment, the ring gear (22) quickly drives the inner ring of the one-way bearing (24) connected by the output member (23) through the engagement sleeve (18a), creating a lock-up transmission to the outer ring of the one-way bearing, connecting and driving the planetary carrier, i.e., the output speed of the planetary carrier (21) is still idle.

[0072] On the transmission countershaft (26), two gears (28, 29) are driven on the shaft sleeve surface of the input gear (27). The clutch (30), which is connected by the keyway on the shaft sleeve surface of the gear (27), establishes the connection and can be independently driven with the gear pair of the empty sleeve on the surface of the main shaft (1) and the hub shaft sleeve (4). That is, 6 gears are exported. The engine power is driven by the gear pair driven gear (32, 33) through the one-way bearing (34) and the shaft sleeve (4) of the hub shell to an inner and outer ring gear, and the shaft sleeve of the hub shell is driven by a one-way clutch, and the rear wheel (59) is driven forward at the same time.It has two drive modes for human power, two hub drive modes of the motor and two independent and compatible transmission paths inside and outside the rear hub shell.

[0073] At the command of the ECU, the 6-speed automatic transmission can perform a "skip" operation. Even if a gear is skipped during shifting, the gear ratio increase or decrease range remains at 1.5 (2 / 3), fully ensuring smooth gear shift adaptability.

[0074] As in Fig. As shown, the 4-speed automatic transmission consists of three simple planetary gear mechanisms with exactly the same characteristic parameters, arranged sequentially on the transmission main shaft (16). All mechanisms use an internal speed reduction with a fixed sun gear, a ring gear input, and a planet carrier output. Two planetary gear mechanisms (P2~P3) are combined into a simple, series-connected compound planetary gear mechanism. That is, the planet carrier C2 of the P2 planetary gear mechanism directly serves as the input power of the ring gear R3 of the P3 planetary gear mechanism. The planet carrier C3 of the P3 mechanism serves as the output side of the reduction of the combination (P2~P3). The engaging sleeves (18, 30) on the output elements (23, 35a) are each adjusted to be connectable to various P1 and (P2-P3) mechanism elements via two electrically controlled clutches.The meshing sleeves are connected to the gear ring R1 or R2 for the output of the constant-speed gearbox and to the end face of the planetary carrier C1 or C3 for the output of the reduction gearbox. This creates four gear ratios with geometric progression characteristics, allowing for automatic speed changes from input to output. The highest gear is the constant-speed direct drive.

[0075] The neutral state is achieved by setting the engagement sleeve (30) of the serial planetary gear mechanism (P2-P3) to neutral by a stepper motor, and the transmission does not output power. The neutral intermittent disengagement state can be achieved by machining a straight section on the spiral groove connected to the shift fork rod on the shift cam.

[0076] The power output of the automatic transmission is transmitted to the input end gear of the transmission countershaft (26) through the external gear transmission of the power output component P2×P3 (clutch case 35a). The side wall of the input gear (27) directly forms a ring gear, thereby forming a planetary gear mechanism P4 (36) with a fixed reduction ratio determined by the sun gear, the ring gear input, and the reduction output of the planetary carrier. At the same time, the outer ring surface of the planetary carrier arm continues to mesh with a gear pair gear (32) located on the surface of the hub shell shaft sleeve on the rear wheel shaft, and the driven gear pair gear on the hub shaft sleeve (4) drives the hub shaft sleeve and the rear wheel forward through the (inner and outer ring) one-way bearing clutch (34).

[0077] Fig. shows the individual 4 gears of the 4-speed transmission. The typical distribution of the gear ratio is shown in the following table:

[0078] The reduction ratio in the table is in (output / input) form. When using the reduction ratio (input / output), the transmission series with the same speed ratio from 1 to 4 gears becomes: 18_ 12.96_9.331_6.718.

[0079] The Fig. show a technical demonstration of a single-cylinder internal combustion engine in the auxiliary drive unit of the utility model, which uses a valve mechanism with concentric intake and exhaust valves and is driven by a single overhead camshaft.

[0080] The combination of the concentric circular mechanism of the intake and exhaust valves and the conical combustion chamber with the flat top is completely different from the structure of the intake and exhaust valves used in the existing valve train. Fig. is a configuration diagram of concentric intake and exhaust valves. The outer intake ring valve (47) is connected by two valve stems (50) arranged symmetrically at 180° and is driven synchronously by two intake cams and two rocker arms. The valve stem of the inner-circle exhaust valve (48) is arranged collinearly with the two intake valve stems. The intake and exhaust cams, distributed on the single overhead camshaft, ensure that the valves are opened and closed sequentially.

[0081] Fig. shows the distribution structure of the combustion chamber upper beam frame, the valve seats, the inner and outer valve seat inserts (outer ring / inner circle), and the intake and exhaust ports. The upper lattice girder frame (54) of the combustion chamber is connected to the outer wall of the combustion chamber by three or four cross members and forms an upper surface frame with the central valve seat (55), which forms an outer circular annular air inlet (47a) corresponding to the annular intake valve (47). The central bore of the valve seat (55) is the exhaust port, and the exhaust port of the inner cavity is vertically connected to the exhaust valve (48). The top of the inner-circle exhaust valve and the outer-circle intake valve are respectively provided with the inner-circle exhaust port (39) and the outer-circle air inlet (47a), and the annular chamber of the outer-circle air inlet port communicates with the air intake pipe (8).The exhaust duct extends from the outer ring inlet to the external outlet duct.

[0082] Fig. is a schematic representation of the complete structure of the combustion chamber with the intake and exhaust valves closed simultaneously. When the piston reaches top dead center, the upper surface of the piston, the intake and exhaust valves in the closed state, and the sidewall of the outer valve seat insert (56) together form a closed volume of the combustion chamber (49). The combustion chamber has the shape of a regular, rounded cone with a flat top. The lattice girder frame on the upper surface of the combustion chamber and the double-cone-shaped valve seat insert (55a), which is attached to the inner diameter of the central valve seat (55), serve as support and reference point.When the outer ring intake valve and the inner ring exhaust valve are closed simultaneously, a horizontally arranged closed plane forms on the inner and outer double-conical surfaces of the central valve seat insert and the valve seat insert of the outer valve seat insert (56). Together, they form the closed top of the conical, flat-head combustion chamber.

[0083] The combination of the concentric circular intake and exhaust valve mechanism and the oblate cone combustion chamber. The main body of the upper surface of the combustion chamber is formed by the nested combination of the flat shape areas of the intake and exhaust valves (47, 48). It can be said that the intake and exhaust valves are integrated into the upper surface of the combustion chamber in terms of design and application, so that the area of ​​the upper surface of the combustion chamber that can be used to arrange the intake and exhaust valves is maximized. The structure is simple, the intake and exhaust efficiency is high, and it is suitable for various types of large, medium, and small internal combustion engines. Because the intake air temperature is low, the density is high and the flow rate is more stable. The suction shape achieves close to the function of a model with exhaust gas turbocharging.

[0084] Fig. and Fig. are schematic diagrams showing the sequential opening states of the intake and exhaust valves in the intake and exhaust cycles. During air intake, the annular intake valve (47) is opened vertically, and the intake airflow has a two-way flow path along the inner and outer disc surfaces of the valve, forming a good wind tunnel effect. Especially in the process of intake valve retraction and extension, while the inertial intake in the intake tract achieves maximum efficiency, the aerodynamic drag is reduced, and the valve opening area and intake volume are doubled. The annular shape of the intake valve helps reduce the aerodynamic drag of the valve during the intake process, allowing the mixture to flow through the valve as quickly as possible. It has excellent aerodynamic flow characteristics and structural advantages.

[0085] The central design of the inner circular exhaust valve (48) contributes to the exhaust gas converging from the cylinder periphery to the central exhaust port, forming a cyclone to accelerate the exhaust gas. Improving exhaust efficiency also contributes to improving cylinder charge and ventilation capacity. At the same time, the intake and exhaust valves have a valve angle of 0°. This eliminates the influence of blocking resistance on the intake and exhaust flow processes in the intake and exhaust ports of a conventional multi-valve structure due to the inclination of the valve stem.

[0086] In the design of small-displacement engines, the small cylinder diameter makes it very difficult to shape the combustion chamber, especially the structural arrangement of the intake and exhaust valves. This manifests itself in the fact that, regardless of whether the engine is in 2-, 3-, or 4-valve mode, the surface area of ​​the combustion chamber is cramped. It is difficult to achieve optimized geometric compatibility of the intake and exhaust valves. The head diameter of the umbrella-shaped valve is small, especially the small diameter of the intake valve, which severely restricts the intake flow in the cylinder. It is easy to cause the gas flow velocity to become too high and turbulent, resulting in failure at the intake port. This phenomenon becomes more pronounced with increasing engine speed. The installation position of the spark plug is also limited by size, which affects ignition efficiency.

[0087] The concentric circular structure of the intake and exhaust valve combination significantly increases the intake and exhaust valve area, improves the design of the intake and exhaust ports, and reduces aerodynamic drag. The engine's charging efficiency is fully optimized. An effective and simple solution is provided to solve the problem of rationally optimizing the arrangement of the combustion chamber and intake and exhaust valves in small-displacement engines and significantly improve operating performance.

[0088] Fig.is a plan view of the contours of the combustion chamber and the intake and exhaust valves on the inner circle of the outer ring. After the intake and exhaust valves are inserted and closed by the inner and outer valve seats, the combustion chamber as a whole has a uniform, flat contour. An outer peripheral valve seat insert is inserted and installed on the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber, and the interior of the combustion chamber is constructed into the shape of a right, circular cone with a flat profile by the symmetrical shape of the annular conical valve seat insert (56).

[0089] A double-cone valve seat insert (55a) is installed in the central valve seat, which is connected to the spacer frame. Its inner diameter is an exhaust hole, and its inner conical surface is embedded in and sealed by the exhaust valve (48). Its outer conical surface engages with the inner diameter surface of the intake valve disc, and the outer circular ring surface of the annular intake valve (47) engages with the outer peripheral valve seat insert installed separately on the inner wall of the combustion chamber to form an intake port seal. In this way, the intake and exhaust valves can completely close the intake and exhaust ports at the inner and outer valve seat surfaces of the combustion chamber, creating a sealed state of the combustion chamber (49).The annular intake valve has two sealing contact surfaces: the inner diameter and the outer edge, and the contact area with the valve seat ring is also enlarged. The impact force of the valve seat is greatly cushioned, reducing the impact force and noise when the valve is closed, reducing vibration, extending the service life of the valve, and improving the stability of high-speed movement of the valve.

[0090] At the same time, the outer annular intake valve can be further improved to a curved surface shape. There are two contour options: 1. The inner edge of the inner wing surface is higher than the outer diameter outer edge surface, and the combustion chamber as a whole has a bulged contour after the intake and exhaust valves are closed. 2. The outer diameter outer edge surface is higher than the inner edge of the inner wing surface, and the combustion chamber has a basin-shaped contour. The dome-shaped configuration is shown in the figure. In this mode, the combustion chamber profile can be close to the equivalent shape line of the funnel-shaped hemisphere, with a smaller surface area ratio, a more uniform and regular equivalent profile edge effect, and an internal combustion engine combustion chamber with accelerated combustion efficiency.

[0091] To better understand the technical features and innovative advantages of concentric intake and exhaust valves, a four-stroke, single-cylinder engine with a displacement of 24.9 cc is used as an example. To accommodate the rational configuration of the combustion chamber of a small-displacement engine, the compression ratio is set in the range of 6.5 to 7. Reducing the compression ratio corresponds to a corresponding increase in combustion chamber volume, which in turn benefits a more favorable arrangement of the intake and exhaust valves on the combustion chamber surface. The spark plug (57) is mounted on the side wall of the combustion chamber.By means of the concentric circle intake and exhaust valve technology used in the utility model, sufficient power output can be generated at medium and low speeds even with a relatively reduced compression ratio, provided that there is sufficient intake volume and uniform mixing of oil and gas.

[0092] Parameter example: Bore / stroke BS 31×33 mm, single-cylinder displacement / actual displacement 24,907 cc. The compression ratio is set to 6.6:1. With the annular intake valve closed, the top diameter of the conical combustion chamber with a flat cross-section is 26 mm and the bottom area, i.e., the cylinder diameter, is 31 mm. According to the volume calculation formula of the flat cone, V = {π × h × (R 2 + R × r + r 2) / 3}, h is the vertical height between the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the combustion chamber, R is the radius of the lower bottom surface of 15.5 mm, and r is the radius of the upper surface, i.e. the center of the circle where the outer ring surface of the intake valve and the outer valve seat ring seal, 13 mm. The combustion chamber volume V = 24.907 ÷ 5.6 = 4.4476 cm 3 , the height h = 4.4476 / 6.39575 = 0.6954 cm. So = 7 mm.

[0093] The inner diameter of the exhaust valve is set to 016 mm. Taking the center of the top surface of the combustion chamber as the center axis, the seat ring of the central valve, in the shape of an inverted ladder on the center valve seat on the top surface of the combustion chamber, is 1.2 mm wide, corresponding to the cross-sectional width of the intake and exhaust valves when the seat is synchronously sealed. The radius of the inner edge of the ring intake valve is 9.2 mm, and the radius of the outer ring is 13 mm, corresponding to the center of the combustion chamber circle. The annular surface of the intake valve is the intake air flow area of ​​the combustion chamber. π(1,3) 2 - π(0.92) 2 = 0.8436π, the ratio of intake valve area to bore area is the valve / cylinder area coefficient. 0.8436π / 2.4025π = 0.35113 = 35.11%. Exhaust valve flow area ratio π (0.8) 2÷2.4025π = 26.63%. It can be seen that due to the concentric circular intake and exhaust valves that fully utilize the upper area of ​​the combustion chamber, excellent cylinder intake and exhaust efficiency can be achieved even in a small-displacement single-cylinder engine.

[0094] Next, calculate the maximum intake valve lift and the valve port opening area corresponding to the maximum lift. Set the vertical opening of the outer ring intake valve, and the lift is x. Then {π(2.6) + π(1.84)} x = 0.8436π×1.15 = 0.97014π. x = 0.9701÷4.44 = 0.2185 cm = 2.185 mm. Considering that the annular intake valve can draw air from both sides of the valve disc, the flow efficiency doubles. The surface area of ​​the outer intake valve ring with a cylinder intake area ratio of 35.1% is increased by 115%, and the intake valve lift of 2.19 mm is more than sufficient. Even in the vertical height range of the combustion chamber of 6.95 mm, there is no problem with an intake valve opening of 3 to 4.5 mm, even if the stroke is increased by 50 to 100%.

[0095] An internal combustion engine for a power plant that can use one or more alcohol-based fuels, such as a mixture of ethanol, methanol, and water. Alcohols are good renewable and clean fuels. Methanol or ethanol is easy to prepare, and the raw materials come from a variety of sources, such as plants that can be decarbonized through photosynthesis. Alcohols are cheap and environmentally friendly and are a high-quality alternative biomass fuel. The heat from the engine cylinder and exhaust pipe is used to vaporize the ethanol fuel and mix it evenly with air, which is burned quickly and completely. It is also possible to further install a catalytic cracking unit, and the hydrogen produced after catalytic cracking of ethanol vapor is mixed with the remaining ethanol vapor and air, which are burned in the engine cylinder.Hydrogen is a carbon-free fuel with low ignition energy, fast flame propagation speed, and high combustion temperature, which reduces greenhouse gas emissions such as nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide in the exhaust. The thermal efficiency of the powertrain is significantly improved.

[0096] In summary, from the perspective of automation and humanization, to meet the convenience of cyclists, the utility model discloses a built-in bicycle rear wheel hub without changing the appearance and structure of an ordinary bicycle and without increasing the body frame size. It features a 4-stroke engine, a 6-speed automatic transmission, oil cooling lubrication, a starter motor, and a generator. The drive system and accessories are all integrated and installed in the rear wheel hub shell, which simplifies and optimizes the overall vehicle structure and is suitable for easy installation on a bicycle. This benefits the compact structure and light weight and improves the energy transmission efficiency within the drive unit, thus providing ideal power assistance for human riding. It provides more convenience and fun for easy and free travel.

[0097] Although the utility model has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, the relevant modifications made on the basis of the utility model and without departing from the spirit of the utility model are within the scope of protection claimed by the utility model. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] CN 2023 2 2000221.6

[0020] JP 2024-000862

[0020] DE 20 2024 101 466

[0020]

Claims

[1] A motor auxiliary drive unit with a built-in 6-speed automatic transmission with a bicycle hub; a small 4-stroke internal combustion engine with electronic fuel injection, a 6-speed planetary gear automatic transmission and drive system, an oil cooling and lubrication system, a fuel tank, and exhaust gas purification components are integrated and installed in the wheel hub shell inside the rear wheel rim of an ordinary bicycle; an auxiliary drive unit with an internal combustion engine is installed in the wheel hub shell of the rear wheel, and the entire flattened wheel hub shell is completely located inside the rear fork of a standard bicycle frame; the external structure retains the original shape of the bicycle without any changes. [2] A motor auxiliary drive unit with built-in 6-speed automatic transmission with bicycle hub according to claim 1; the bicycle rear hub shell is a split structure based on the rear wheel center axis, and consists of a right-side rotatable hub shell and a left-side fixed end cover; the right-side freely rotatable shell has an axle sleeve passed through and supported on the fixed center axis of the rear wheel; the surface is connected to the wheel via spokes and transmits the human driving force or the auxiliary driving force of the motor; the left end cover is fixedly mounted on the center spindle; it is not only sealed with the right-hand hub shell, but also plays an important role in supporting, connecting, positioning and calibrating the motor mounting case and other accessories within the hub shell. [3] An engine auxiliary drive unit with a built-in 6-speed automatic transmission with a bicycle hub according to claims 1 and 2; the drive unit of the internal combustion engine is arranged in the rear wheel hub shell, and the single-cylinder engine and the automatic transmission have a common housing; the main body of the housing is arranged in the lower half of the central axis of the wheel hub shell; the external shape naturally extends along the arc contour of the wheel hub shell and completely imitates the lower semicircular arc surface of the wheel hub shell; the raised, arc-shaped part on the upper plane of the main body of the housing allows the passage of the center spindle of the rear wheel and the center shaft sleeve of the wheel hub shell, as well as their mutual positioning and support. [4] An auxiliary motor drive unit with a built-in 6-speed automatic transmission with a bicycle hub according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized bythat a small single-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine uses concentric circle intake and exhaust valve technology; the concentric valve technology uses the cylinder diameter and the upper surface of the combustion chamber as the distribution layout and installation area of ​​the intake and exhaust valves; the outer ring intake valve and the inner circle exhaust valve are positioned and supported by the grille frame and valve seat at the top of the combustion chamber; they are nested and driven by SOHC single camshafts; the circular area of ​​the cylinder and combustion chamber is fully utilized as the effective opening area of ​​the intake and exhaust ports; the intake efficiency is increased by 100% and the fuel evaporation rate is uniform, which enables efficient combustion and high power density at medium and low speeds. [5] A motor auxiliary drive unit with a built-in 6-speed automatic transmission with a bicycle hub according to claims 1, 2 and 3; the automatic transmission adopts a two-stage transmission shaft structure, and a three-speed automatic transmission with a planetary gear is used on the transmission spindle; the simple planetary gear forms a fixed sun gear, which can achieve ring gear engagement and planet carrier deceleration through clutch adjustment; or the planet carrier outputs power and the ring gear increases the speed to output the mechanism mode; at the same time, the ring gear of the single-row planetary gear serves as the power input side, and can also be directly used as the output through clutch adjustment to perform overtaking against the planet carrier, that is, a constant speed transmission;The speed output of the 3-speed transmission unit is further reduced by another planetary gear mechanism with a fixed reduction ratio and then transmitted to the countershaft; the countershaft is equipped with two pairs of shift gears that match the hub shaft sleeve on the central spindle; the drive gear on the countershaft generates two speed ratios through clutch adjustment; on the central spindle, the two pairs of driven gears installed on the outer diameter of the hub shaft sleeve provide the speed output, and the 6-speed power output is realized through the clutch transmission of a freewheel bearing configuration and the drive of the hub shaft sleeve and the rear wheel. [6] An auxiliary motor drive unit with a built-in 6-speed automatic transmission with a bicycle hub according to claims 1, 2 and 1, 2, 3, 5; the automatic transmission is also adapted to be suitable for the utility model 4-speed automatic transmission and the utility model 3-speed automatic transmission; the 6-speed, 4-speed and 3-speed automatic transmissions all have a series function for maintaining equal speed ratios between upshifts and downshifts. [7] A motor-assisted drive unit with a built-in 6-speed automatic transmission with a bicycle hub according to legal claims 1 to 6; the motor assists the power output, and the last output end on the center shaft sleeve of the wheel hub shell has a one-way clutch (one-way bearing); the one-way clutch of the human-powered pedal sprocket transmission system is located outside the wheel hub shell, that is, the flywheels are independent and arranged in parallel; this ensures that the dual drive modes of bicycle motor power assistance and human pedal movement are compatible and can function independently of each other; at the same time, parallel operation can be combined under certain conditions. [8] An engine auxiliary drive unit with a built-in 6-speed automatic transmission with a bicycle hub according to legal claims 1 to 7. The single-cylinder petrol engine uses the cylinder head oil circulation method; the oil circulation is cooled and discharged through the outer profile of the housing itself and the fixed end cover on the left side of the hub. [9] An engine auxiliary drive unit with a built-in 6-speed automatic transmission with a bicycle hub according to legal claims 1 to 8; the 4-stroke gasoline engine may be compatible with alcohol-based methylethanol or other biosynthetically produced renewable fuels such as butanol as an energy source; ethanol fuel may be heated and vaporized before being fully mixed with air before being injected into the combustion chamber; at the same time, the alcoholic fuel vapor may be catalytically cracked to produce part of the hydrogen, forming a hydrogen-rich mixture for combustion. [10] A motor auxiliary drive unit with built-in 6-speed automatic transmission with bicycle hub according to claims 1 to 9; the utility model comprises an ordinary bicycle, characterized bythat the bicycle load is equipped with a hub shell which is fitted with an automatic transmission with 6 speeds (4 speeds or 3 speeds) as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 and is a fitted auxiliary drive unit of the internal combustion engine. [11] An auxiliary motor drive unit with a built-in 6-speed automatic transmission with a bicycle hub according to claims 1 to 10; the utility model comprises a drive unit assembly with an integrated housing structure comprising the motor and the automatic transmission, which is suitable for a small and light two-wheeled vehicle.

Images