Support structure and support system for excavation pit in open construction

Abstract

Support structure for an excavation pit in open-cut construction, characterized by being comprehensive, a first horizontal support (1) and a second horizontal support (2) arranged opposite each other, wherein a grooved plate (3) is embedded in one side of the first horizontal support (1) near the second horizontal support (2); and a support rod (4) arranged between the first horizontal support (1) and the second horizontal support (2), the support rod (4) comprising a telescopic element (41) and a fixed segment element (42) connected to each other; one end of the fixed segment element (42) away from the telescopic element (41) is detachably connected to the second horizontal support (2); and one end of the telescopic element (41) away from the fixed segment element (42) rests against the grooved plate (3).

Description

Technical area

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of excavation construction and in particular to a support structure and support system for an excavation in open construction. State of the art

[0002] The construction of urban rail infrastructure often requires the creation of excavation pits, which are formed by excavating the track bed using heavy machinery. Construction workers operate within these pits. To facilitate the work and ensure the safety of the construction personnel, the stability of the pit walls must be maintained throughout the construction process. Therefore, temporary supports are frequently erected against the pit walls.

[0003] Temporary support structures typically consist of a combination of steel columns and steel purlins, with the purlins and columns playing a crucial role. After excavation, support structures such as diaphragm walls and pile walls are subjected to external earth and water pressure, which can lead to deformation towards the excavation pit. The support system, consisting of steel purlins and columns, can effectively limit the deformation of the casing structure by exerting a horizontal support force on it. This prevents damage to the casing structure from excessive deformation and thus ensures the safety of the surrounding area.

[0004] In the existing construction method, however, the connection between the conventional steel columns and the steel purlins is made by means of welded or threaded connections, which requires the use of large equipment to lift the steel columns, while the two ends of the steel columns that are connected to the steel purlins have to be calibrated several times to ensure that the two ends of the steel columns can be connected to the steel purlins, which is cumbersome and time-consuming. Summary of the utility model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a support structure and support system for an open-cut excavation to solve the problems of the prior art in which the connection between the conventional steel column and the steel purlin is a welded or threaded connection and the two ends of the steel column connected to the steel purlin have to be calibrated multiple times, which is cumbersome and time-consuming.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present utility model offers a support structure for an open-cut excavation, comprising: a first horizontal beam and a second horizontal beam arranged opposite each other, wherein a grooved plate is embedded in one side of the first horizontal beam near the second horizontal beam; and a support rod arranged between the first horizontal beam and the second horizontal beam, the support rod comprising a telescopic element and a fixed segment element connected to each other; one end of the fixed segment element, which is remote from the telescopic element, is detachably connected to the second horizontal beam; and one end of the telescopic element, which is remote from the fixed segment element, rests against the grooved plate.

[0007] Preferably the grooved plate includes a grooved area; and The telescopic element comprises a movable part and a support box, wherein the movable part is slidably arranged in the support box and the movable part is configured to rest against the underside of the grooved area.

[0008] Preferably the movable part comprises an end plate and two side plates connected to the end plate; The support box comprises two opposing side walls; the side walls are provided on the inside with sliding slots arranged along the longitudinal direction of the side walls; the side plates are inserted slidingly into the sliding slots; and Furthermore, a bushing is provided inside the support box, and a piston rod of the bushing is connected to the end plate.

[0009] Preferably, the support box further comprises a top plate, a bottom plate and a base; the top plate, the bottom plate and two side walls form a box-shaped element, and one end of the box-shaped element is connected to the base; The top of the sliding slot near one end of the base has an opening, and a wedge block is arranged in the opening; and the wedge block is configured to clamp the side plate in the sliding slot.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the sliding slot has a through-hole near one end of the base, which has an area smaller than the area of ​​the opening.

[0011] Preferably, the fixed segment element comprises a steel tube and a flange connected to both ends of the steel tube.

[0012] Preferably it further comprises a fall protection lever set for suspending the first horizontal beam, the second horizontal beam and the support rod.

[0013] Preferably, the fall protection lever set includes: a first fall protection lever suitable for suspending the first horizontal beam; a second fall protection lever suitable for suspending the second horizontal support; a third fall protection lever suitable for suspending the telescopic element; and a fourth fall protection lever suitable for suspending the fixed segment element.

[0014] Preferably, the fall protection lever comprises an embedded part, a first connecting rod, a basket bolt and a second connecting rod which are connected one after the other.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present utility model offers a support system for an open-cut excavation, comprising a housing structure and a support structure as described in the present application, wherein the first horizontal beam and the second horizontal beam are each connected to two opposite sides of the housing structure; the support rod is attached between the first horizontal beam and the second horizontal beam; and the support rod is suitable for supporting the first horizontal beam and the second horizontal beam.

[0016] Compared to the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantageous effects.

[0017] According to the support structure for an open-cut excavation in the present application, a grooved plate is arranged on a first horizontal beam. When a support pole is raised, a fixed segment of the support pole connects to a second horizontal beam, and a telescopic element of the support pole extends and abuts the grooved plate of the first horizontal beam. In the support pole of the present application, only the fixed segment is connected to the second horizontal beam, and rapid installation of the support pole can be achieved by extending and engaging the telescopic element with the grooved plate. The grooved plate not only provides a space for the support pole but also has a strong supporting effect, as the grooved plate is embedded in the first horizontal beam, effectively preventing the support pole from falling.Compared to using a steel support, connecting the two ends of the support rod to the steel purlin eliminates the need for multiple adjustments, making it simpler and less time-consuming. Furthermore, if the support rod needs replacing due to damage, the telescopic element retracts to the outside of the first horizontal beam, and the fixed segment is then detached from the second horizontal beam, allowing the support rod to be disassembled, significantly improving operational efficiency. Brief description of the drawings Fig. Figure 1 is a schematic view of a support structure of the present application. Fig. Figure 2 is a schematic view of a support structure according to the present application. Fig. Figure 3 is a schematic view of a first horizontal beam. Fig. Figure 4 is a right-hand side view of Fig. 3. Fig. Figure 5 is a schematic view of a second horizontal beam. Fig. Figure 6 is a structurally schematic view of a telescope element. Fig. 7 is a top view of Fig. 6. Fig. Figure 8 is a structurally schematic view of a support box. Fig. 9 is a top view of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view in AA of Fig. 9. Fig. Figure 11 shows a representation of a side wall of the support box. Fig. Figure 12 is a structurally schematic view of a moving part. Fig. 13 is a right-hand side view of Fig. 12. Fig. Figure 14 is a structurally schematic view of a fall protection lever. Reference symbol: 1 first horizontal beam, 2 second horizontal beam, 3 grooved plate, 31 groove area, 4 support poles, 41 telescopic element, 411 moving part, 4111 End plate, 4112 Side panel, 412 Support box, 4121 Side wall, 4123 Base plate, 4124 sockets, 4122 upper plate, 413 socket, 42 fixed segment element, 421 steel tube, 422 flange, 5 sliding slots, 51 Opening, 52 through hole, 6 open area, 8 channel-shaped part, 9 Fall protection lever set, 91 first fall protection lever, fall protection lever, fall protection lever, 92 second 93 third fall protection lever, 94 fourth 901 embedded part, 902 first connecting rod, 903 basket bolts, 904 second connecting rod, 10 Sativ, 20 first lifting ring, 30 wedge blocks, 40 support plate, 50 second lifting ring, 100 Housing structure. Detailed description

[0018] The present utility model is described in more detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should not be assumed that the scope of the subject matter of the present utility model described above is limited to the following examples, and it is intended that the present utility model falls within the scope of the present utility model.

[0019] In the description of the specific embodiments of this utility model, the terms "top," "bottom," "left," "right," "middle," "inside," "outside," and the like, where used, refer to any orientation or positional relationship unless otherwise specified and are to be understood as expressions based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / device / equipment of this utility model is conventionally used. These terms for orientation or positional relationship are intended solely to facilitate the description of aspects of this utility model or to simplify the description of specific embodiments for the person skilled in the art, so that they can quickly understand the aspects.They do not mean that a particular device / part / element must have a particular orientation or be designed and operated in a particular positional relationship, and are therefore not to be interpreted as a restriction of the present utility model.

[0020] Furthermore, the presence of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "overhanging," "parallel," and the like does not mean that the respective device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal or vertical, overhanging, or parallel, but rather that it may be slightly inclined or offset. If "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical," this does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it may be slightly inclined. Alternatively, it can simply be assumed that the respective means / parts / elements arranged in "horizontal," "vertical," "overhanging," "parallel," etc., directions may be arranged with a deviation of ±10%, more preferably ±8%, more preferably ±6%, more preferably ±5%, more preferably ±4% relative to the respective direction.As long as the corresponding device / part / element lies within the deviation range, its function in the solution of the present utility model can still be fulfilled.

[0021] Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like in such expressions serve only to distinguish between descriptions of identical or similar elements and are not to be understood as an emphasis or suggestion of a relative importance of the respective element.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "some", "a multitude" and "several" mean at least two. There can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, etc., and there can be more than 9.

[0023] Furthermore, unless expressly stated / restricted / limited otherwise, the terms "provide," "fasten," "connect," "connected," "provided with," "laying," and "arranging" in the description of the technical solution of this utility model are to be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a permanent connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and it may be a fastener commonly used in the trade, such as welding, riveting, bolting, screwing, etc. The connection may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection. They may be connected directly or indirectly via an intermediate medium, and communication may take place between the two elements. Design 1

[0024] As in the Fig. Figures 1 to 3 show that the present embodiment discloses a support structure for an open-cut excavation, comprising: a first horizontal support 1 and a second horizontal support 2, arranged opposite each other, wherein a grooved plate 3 is embedded in one side of the first horizontal support 1 near the second horizontal support 2; and a support rod 4 arranged between the first horizontal support 1 and the second horizontal support 2, the support rod 4 comprising a telescopic element 41 and a fixed segment element 42 connected to each other; one end of the fixed segment element 42, which is away from the telescopic element 41, is detachably connected to the second horizontal support 2; and one end of the telescopic element 41, which is away from the fixed segment element 42, rests against the grooved plate 3.

[0025] By providing a grooved plate 3 on the first horizontal beam 1, when the support rod 4 is raised, the fixed segment element 42 of the support rod 4 connects to the second horizontal beam 2, and the telescopic element 41 of the support rod 4 extends and abuts the grooved plate 3 of the first horizontal beam 1. In the present application, only the fixed segment element 42 of the support rod 4 needs to be connected to the second horizontal beam 2, and the support rod 4 can be quickly installed by extending and engaging the telescopic element 41 against the grooved plate 3. The grooved plate 3 not only provides an installation space for the support rod 4 but also embeds the grooved plate 3 within the first horizontal beam 1. The supporting effect is strong, and the support rod 4 is effectively prevented from falling.Compared to installing a steel support, several correction operations are eliminated when the two ends of the support rod 4 are connected to the steel purlin, which is easier to handle and less time-consuming.

[0026] Furthermore, if the support rod 4 needs to be replaced after damage, the telescopic element 41 shrinks to the outside of the first horizontal support 1, and then the fixed segment element 42 is separated from the second horizontal support 2, so that the support rod 4 can be disassembled, which significantly improves operational efficiency.

[0027] In one or more embodiments, as described in the Fig. 3 and Fig. As shown in Figure 4, the grooved plate 3 has a grooved area 31.

[0028] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 6, the telescopic element 41 comprises a movable part 411, which is slidably provided in the support box 412, and a support box 412. The movable part abuts the bottom of the groove area 31.

[0029] During the installation of the support rod 4, the movable part 411 is first controlled to retract, shortening the telescopic element 41. The support rod 4 is then raised to connect one end of the fixed segment element 42 away from the telescopic element 41 to the second horizontal support 2. The movable part 411 is then controlled to extend until it rests against the underside of the grooved area 31, thus resting the telescopic element 41 against the first horizontal support 1 and completing the installation of the support rod 4. The first horizontal support 1 and the second horizontal support 2 are supported by the support rod 4.During current excavation work, the first horizontal beam 1 and the second horizontal beam 2 are mounted on the casing structure 100, and the casing structure 100 of the open-cut excavation is effectively supported by the support structure of the present application to ensure the safety of the excavation structure.

[0030] Furthermore, the movable part 411 comprises, as in the Fig. 12 and Fig. Figure 13 shows an end plate 4111 and two side plates 4112 connected to the end plate 4111.

[0031] Here, the end plate 4111 is arranged vertically, the side plate 4112 is arranged horizontally, and one end of the side plate 4112 is connected to the end plate 4111.

[0032] As in the Fig. 9 and Fig. As shown in Figure 10, the support box 412 comprises two opposing side walls 4121; the side walls 4121 are arranged internally with sliding slots 5, which are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the side walls 4121; and the side plates 4112 are slidably inserted into the sliding slots 5.

[0033] A bushing 413 is further arranged inside the support box 412, and a piston rod of the bushing 413 is connected to the end plate 4111.

[0034] The side plate 4112 of the segmented section 411 is slidably inserted into the side wall 4121 of the support box 412. In particular, the side plate 4112 is slidably arranged in the sliding slot 5 of the side wall 4121, so that the side plate 4112 can slide on the side wall 4121 of the support box 412.

[0035] A bushing 413 is mounted inside the support box 412, and a piston rod of the bushing 413 is connected to the end plate 4111. When the movable part 411 is to be extended, the piston rod of the bushing 413 is controlled to extend, and the piston rod drives the end plate 4111 forward to achieve the extension of the movable part 411.

[0036] If the movable part 411 is to be shortened, the piston rod of the bushing 413 is controlled to retract, causing the piston rod to move the end plate 4111 backwards to shorten the movable part 411.

[0037] Furthermore, the support box includes 412, as shown in Fig. Figure 10 shows an upper plate 4122, a base plate 4123 and a plinth 4124. The upper plate 4122, the base plate 4123 and two side walls 4121 form a box-shaped element, and one end of the box-shaped element is connected to the plinth 4124.

[0038] In the present embodiment, the upper plate 4122 is connected to the top of the two side walls 4121, the bottom plate 4123 is connected to the underside of the two side walls 4121, and one end of the box-shaped element is firmly connected to the base 4124.

[0039] As in Fig. 8 and Fig. As shown in Figure 9, the upper surface of the sliding slot 5 has an opening 51 near one end of the base 4124. As shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. As shown in Figure 7, a wedge block 30 is arranged in the opening 51, and the wedge block 30 serves to clamp the side plate 4112 in the sliding slot 5.

[0040] In the present embodiment, the side plate 4112 of the movable part 411 slides in the sliding slot 5 of the support box 412. After the movable part 411 and the grooved plate 3 are in contact with each other, the wedge block 30 is inserted into the movable groove via the opening 51 on the upper side of the sliding slot 5, so that the wedge block 30 bears against the side plate 4112 of the movable part 411 in the sliding slot 5 and thereby limits the displacement of the movable part 411. As in the Fig. 6 and Fig. As shown in Figure 7, the telescopic element 41 is extended and then locked, so that the support rod 4 is effectively supported on the first horizontal support 1.

[0041] When the telescopic element 41 is retracted, the wedge block 30 is removed from the sliding slot 5, and then the side plate 4112 of the movable part 411 is controlled to move backwards until the movable part 411 is completely separated from the first horizontal support 1, so that the support rod 4 is removed from the first horizontal support 1.

[0042] Furthermore, as in the Fig. 8 and Fig. Figure 11 shows the bottom of the sliding slot 5 near one end of the base 4124 a through hole 52, the area of ​​which is smaller than that of the opening 51.

[0043] An opening 51 is arranged on its upper side, and a through-hole 52 is arranged on its underside at one end of the sliding slot 5 near the base 4124, and the area of ​​the through-hole 52 is smaller than the area of ​​the opening 51. When the wedge block 30 is placed, the narrow end of the wedge block 30 can be inserted into the through-hole 52 to facilitate the fastening of the wedge block 30, as shown in Fig. 6 shown.

[0044] In the present embodiment, several wedge blocks 30 are arranged at the opening 51. A narrow end of one wedge block 30 is inserted into the through-hole 52, and an inclined surface of this wedge block and an inclined surface of the other wedge block 30 abut each other. By pressing down on the wedge block 30 inserted into the through-hole 52, a lateral area of ​​the two abutting wedge blocks 30 is enlarged, so that the wedge block 30 can bear against the side plate 4112 arranged in the sliding slot 5 and clamp it firmly, as shown in Fig. Figure 6 shows that the sliding of the side plate 4112 is restricted and the displacement of the movable part 411 is restricted. Thus, the telescopic element 41 is extended and locked.

[0045] In an alternative embodiment, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 10, a channel-shaped part 8 is arranged inside the support box 412, and a bushing 413 is attached to the channel-shaped part 8.

[0046] In an alternative embodiment, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 9, the support box 412 comprises an open area 6 between the upper plate 4122 and the base 4124, the open area 6 being connected to the interior of the support box 412, and a support plate 40 being arranged between the bushing 413 and the base 4124 through the open area 6, as shown in Figure 9. Fig. Figure 7 shows how to control the position of the socket 413 inside the support box 412.

[0047] In an alternative embodiment, as in the Fig. 5 and Fig. As shown in Figure 8, the fixed segment element 42 comprises a steel tube 421 and a flange 422, which is connected to both ends of the steel tube 421. One end of the fixed segment element 42 is detachably connected to the second horizontal beam 2 via the flange 422.

[0048] In particular, the flange 422 is bolted to the second horizontal support 2.

[0049] The other end of the fixed segment element 42 is screwed to the flexible part 411 by means of a flange 422.

[0050] In an alternative embodiment, the first horizontal support 1 is a steel purlin.

[0051] In an alternative embodiment, the second horizontal support 2 is a steel purlin.

[0052] In an alternative embodiment, the grooved plates 3 are spaced apart along the length of the first horizontal support 1. Design 2

[0053] As in Fig. Figure 2 shows that the present embodiment, based on embodiment 1, discloses a support structure for an open-cut excavation, which further comprises a fall protection lever set 9 for suspending a first horizontal beam 1, a second horizontal beam 2 and a support rod 4.

[0054] The first horizontal beam 1, the second horizontal beam 2, and the support pole 4 are suspended by a fall arrest lever set 9. If the first horizontal beam 1, the second horizontal beam 2, and the support pole 4 fall due to an accidental collision or structural reasons, the suspension is secured by the fall arrest lever set 9.

[0055] In an alternative embodiment, as in the Fig. 3 and Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the fall protection lever set comprises 9: a first fall protection lever 91, which is suitable for suspending the first horizontal support 1; a second fall protection lever 92, which is suitable for suspending the second horizontal support 2; a third fall protection lever 93, suitable for suspending the telescopic element 41; and a fourth fall protection lever 94, which is suitable for suspending the fixed segment element 42.

[0056] Furthermore, the fall protection lever includes, as in Fig. Figure 14 shows an embedded part 901, a first connecting rod 902, a basket bolt 903 and a second connecting rod 904, which are connected one after the other.

[0057] Here, the embedded part 901 is embedded in the housing structure 100. The end of the embedded part 901 is connected to the first connecting rod 902. The first connecting rod 902 and the second connecting rod 904 are connected to two ends of the cage bolt 903. The lengthening and shortening of the cage bolt 903 is controlled by rotating the sleeve of the cage bolt 903 to adjust the length of the fall arrest lever so that the fall arrest lever is tightened or loosened.

[0058] In particular, the embedded part 901 comprises a mounting bolt and an L-shaped steel plate. The mounting bolt is embedded in the housing structure 100. The end of the mounting bolt is connected to the L-shaped steel plate. The hook of one end of the first connecting rod 902 hangs from the L-shaped steel plate, and the hook of the other end of the first connecting rod 902 hangs from the upper hook of the cage bolt 903. The hook of one end of the second connecting rod 904 hangs from the lower hook of the cage bolt 903, and the hook of the other end of the second connecting rod 904 is suitable for connecting to an associated element.

[0059] Alternatively, one end of the fixed segment element 42 near the second horizontal support 2 is provided with a first lifting ring 20 which is suitable for being connected to the second fall protection lever 92.

[0060] One end of the telescopic element 41 near the first horizontal support 1 is provided with a second lifting ring 50 for connecting to the first fall protection lever 91. embodiment 3

[0061] Based on embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, the present embodiment discloses a support system for an open-cut excavation, comprising a housing structure 100 and a support structure, as described in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2. Here, the first horizontal beam 1 and the second horizontal beam 2 are each connected to two opposite sides of the housing structure 100; the support rod 4 is positioned between the first horizontal beam 1 and the second horizontal beam 2; and the support rod 4 is suitable for supporting the first horizontal beam 1 and the second horizontal beam 2.

[0062] A first horizontal beam 1 and a second horizontal beam 2 are arranged on two opposite side faces of the housing structure 100, and a support rod 4 is installed between the first horizontal beam 1 and the second horizontal beam 2. The support rod 4 supports the first horizontal beam 1 and the second horizontal beam 2 to effectively support and protect the housing structure 100, thereby ensuring the safety of the excavation structure.

[0063] In an alternative embodiment, as in the Fig. As shown in Figures 3-5, a tripod 10 is arranged on the underside of both the first and second horizontal supports 1 and 2, with the top of the tripod 10 abutting the first and second horizontal supports 1 and 2 and the sides of the tripod 10 being connected to the housing structure 100 by embedded bolts.

[0064] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. All modifications, equivalents, and improvements that are within the purpose and scope of the utility model shall be included within its scope.

[0065] The present utility model relates to the technical field of excavation construction and in particular to a support structure and a support system for an excavation in open-cut construction, wherein the support structure comprises: a first horizontal beam and a second horizontal beam arranged opposite each other, wherein a grooved plate is embedded in one side of the first horizontal beam near the second horizontal beam; and a support rod arranged between the first horizontal beam and the second horizontal beam, wherein the support rod comprises a telescopic element and a fixed segment element connected to each other; one end of the fixed segment element furthest from the telescopic element is detachably connected to the second horizontal beam; and one end of the telescopic element furthest from the fixed segment element abuts the grooved plate.When raising the support rod, only the fixed segment element needs to be connected to the second horizontal beam. The telescopic element allows for quick installation of the support rod by extending and positioning it against the grooved plate, which is then embedded in the first horizontal beam. The support effect is strong, effectively preventing the support rod from falling. The multiple adjustments required when connecting the two ends of a conventional steel column to the steel purlin are eliminated. Operation is simple and time-efficient.

Claims

[1] Support structure for an open-cut excavation, characterized by comprehensive, a first horizontal support (1) and a second horizontal support (2) arranged opposite each other, wherein a grooved plate (3) is embedded in one side of the first horizontal support (1) near the second horizontal support (2); and a support rod (4) arranged between the first horizontal support (1) and the second horizontal support (2), the support rod (4) comprising a telescopic element (41) and a fixed segment element (42) connected to each other; one end of the fixed segment element (42) away from the telescopic element (41) is detachably connected to the second horizontal support (2); and one end of the telescopic element (41) away from the fixed segment element (42) rests against the grooved plate (3). [2] Support structure for an excavation pit in open construction according to claim 1, characterized by , that the grooved plate (3) has a grooved area (31); and the telescopic element (41) comprises a movable part (411) and a support box (412), wherein the movable part (411) is slidably arranged in the support box (412), and the movable part (411) is suitable for resting against the bottom of the grooved area (31). [3] Support structure for an excavation pit in open construction according to claim 2, characterized by , that the movable part (411) comprises an end plate (4111) and two side plates (4112) connected to the end plate (4111); the support box (412) has two opposing side walls (4121); the side walls (4121) are provided on the inside with sliding slots (5) arranged along the longitudinal direction of the side walls (4121); the side plates (4112) are slidably inserted into the sliding slots (5); and a bushing (413) is further arranged inside the support box (412), and a piston rod of the bushing (413) is connected to the end plate (4111). [4] Support structure for an open-cut excavation according to claim 3, characterized by , that the support box (412) further comprises an upper plate (4122), a bottom plate (4123) and a base (4124); the upper plate (4122), the bottom plate (4123) and two side walls (4121) form a box-shaped element and one end of the box-shaped element is connected to the base (4124); the top of the sliding slot (5) has an opening (51) near one end of the base (4124) and a wedge block (30) is arranged in the opening (51); and the wedge block (30) is configured to clamp the side plate (4112) in the sliding slot (5). [5] Support structure for an open-cut excavation according to claim 4, characterized by, that a bottom of the sliding slot (5) near an end of the base (4124) has a through hole (52) whose area is smaller than an area of ​​the opening (51). [6] Support structure for an excavation pit in open construction according to claim 1, characterized by , that the fixed segment element (42) comprises a steel tube (421) and a flange (422) which are connected to both ends of the steel tube (421). [7] Support structure for an excavation pit in open construction according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by , that it further comprises a fall protection lever set (9) for suspending the first horizontal beam (1), the second horizontal beam (2) and the support rod (4). [8] Support structure for an excavation pit in open construction according to claim 7, characterized by , that the fall protection lever set (9) includes: a first fall protection lever (91) suitable for suspending the first horizontal support (1); a second fall protection lever (92) suitable for suspending the second horizontal support (2); a third fall protection lever (93) suitable for suspending the telescopic element (41); and a fourth fall protection lever (94) suitable for suspending the fixed segment element (42). [9] Support structure for an excavation pit in open construction according to claim 8, characterized by , that the fall protection lever comprises an embedded part (901), a first connecting rod (902), a basket bolt (903) and a second connecting rod (904) which are connected one after the other. [10] Support structure for an open-cut excavation, comprising a housing structure (100) and a support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first horizontal beam (1) and the second horizontal beam (2) are each connected to two opposite sides of the housing structure (100); the support rod (4) is arranged between the first horizontal beam (1) and the second horizontal beam (2); and the support rod (4) is suitable for supporting the first horizontal beam (1) and the second horizontal beam (2).

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