Shotgun cartridge for drone defense and system

Abstract

Shotgun cartridge (4) for drone defense, comprising: a cartridge case (6), a base (8) closing the cartridge case (6) to the rear with a primer (10), a cap (12) closing the cartridge case (6) to the front, a propellant charge section (14) arranged in the cartridge case (6) on the base side for receiving a propellant charge ignitable by means of the primer (10), a shot charge section (16) arranged in the cartridge case (6) on the cap side for receiving a shot charge (18), and an intermediate element (20) arranged between the two aforementioned sections (14, 16) as a buffer between the propellant charge and the shot charge (18), characterized in that the shot charge (18) comprises a plurality of shot pellets (24) connected to one another by threads (22) such that the aforementioned plurality of shot pellets (24) connected to one another by threads (22) are, after being fired from a firearm (2), ready for firing using shotgun cartridges to create a net for intercepting drones.

Description

The invention relates to a shotgun cartridge for drone defense, comprising: a cartridge case, a rearward-closing base of the cartridge case with a primer, a front-closing cap, a base-side propellant charge section arranged in the cartridge case for receiving a propellant charge ignitable by means of the primer, a cap-side shot charge section arranged in the cartridge case for receiving a shot charge, and an intermediate element arranged between the two aforementioned sections as a buffer between the propellant charge and the shot charge. The invention further relates to a drone defense system. Numerous drone defense systems are already known from the state of the art. For example, shotgun cartridges with tungsten pellets are offered for this purpose. The object of the present invention is to improve a shotgun cartridge for drone defense and a drone defense system. To solve this problem, the invention, in conjunction with the preamble of claim 1, is characterized in that the shot charge comprises a plurality of shot pellets connected to one another by threads such that, after being fired from a firearm for firing shot cartridges, the aforementioned plurality of shot pellets connected to one another by means of the threads forms a net for intercepting drones. Furthermore, this problem is solved by a system with the features of claim 10. The particular advantage of the invention lies in the improved design of both a shotgun cartridge and a drone defense system. Due to the inventive design of the shotgun cartridge and the system, drone defense is both simple and highly effective. For example, the shotgun cartridge according to the invention can be designed and, in particular, dimensioned such that it can be fired from commercially available firearms. Accordingly, the firearm of the system according to the invention can be a firearm already on the market. In the simplest case, the handling of the shotgun cartridge and the system according to the invention is the same as for conventional shotgun cartridges and systems. However, in principle, the shotgun cartridge and the system according to the invention can be freely selected within wide suitable limits with regard to type, function, material and dimensions. For example, the system according to the invention can be designed to be suitable for use in the civilian sector or for official use. A particularly advantageous embodiment of the shotgun cartridge according to the invention provides that the shotgun cartridge is designed to be fired from a firearm with a profiled barrel, preferably a rifled barrel or a polygonal rifling, to impart rotation to the aforementioned shot pellets. This ensures that, after firing from a firearm designed for shotgun cartridges, the shot pellets reliably form a net for intercepting drones, since the aforementioned rotation spreads the shot pellets outwards in all directions perpendicular to the firing direction. Accordingly, a particularly advantageous embodiment of the system according to the invention provides that the firearm has a profiled barrel, preferably a rifled barrel or a polygonal rifling, to impart rotation to the shot pellets fired from the firearm. A further particularly advantageous embodiment of the shotgun cartridge according to the invention provides that the shot charge comprises, on the one hand, shot pellets connected to one another by threads and, on the other hand, shot pellets not connected to other shot pellets. Preferably, the shot charge section has a first subsection with a plurality of unconnected shot pellets and a second subsection with a plurality of shot pellets connected to one another by means of the threads, wherein the two aforementioned subsections are separated from one another by means of a separating element. Particularly preferably, the first subsection is arranged on the cap side and the second subsection on the bottom side. This allows for a highly effective implementation of a dual interception functionality when intercepting the drone.On the one hand, the drone to be intercepted is engaged by means of the kinetic energy of the shot pellets, in particular those pellets formed as solo pellets, i.e., pellets without any connection to other pellets in the shot load. On the other hand, the drone to be intercepted is engaged by means of the net that forms from the shot pellets connected to each other by threads after firing from the firearm. Furthermore, the preferred embodiment of this further development has the additional advantage that a clear functional separation between the shot pellets of the first section and the shot pellets of the second section is enabled.The particularly preferred embodiment of this further development has the additional advantage that the drone is first combated by means of a sheaf of shot pellets, namely the shot pellets from the first subsection, and subsequently by means of the net which is stretched by the interconnected shot pellets of the second subsection after leaving the barrel of the firearm. An advantageous embodiment of the shotgun cartridge according to the aforementioned embodiment provides that the shot pellets are arranged on the cartridge side in the second subsection and are positioned by means of a central positioning means, preferably that, on the one hand, the positioning means has a plurality of recesses and / or openings for the passage and / or storage of the threads, and / or, on the other hand, that the positioning means is designed as an integral component of a shot reservoir of the shotgun cartridge arranged in the first subsection for receiving the shot pellets of the first subsection or the intermediate means, and / or, on the other hand, that the shot pellets of the second subsection are arranged in positioning recesses of a shot reservoir of the shotgun cartridge arranged in the first subsection for receiving the shot pellets of the first subsection or the intermediate means.In this way, the shot pellets of the second section are arranged in a functionally very efficient manner within that section. Furthermore, the central positioning device facilitates this sleeve-side, i.e., jacket-side, arrangement of the aforementioned shot pellets. The recesses and / or openings allow for the precise placement of the threads in a simple manner, both in terms of design and manufacturing. Integrating the positioning device either into the shot hopper (if present) or into the intermediate spacer further simplifies the design and manufacturing process. Alternatively, the shot hopper and intermediate spacer can be designed as a single unit.Positioning recesses, which are formed either in the shot container (if present) or in the intermediate, ensure, alternatively or additionally to the positioning device, good and therefore reliable positioning of the individual shot pellets of the second subsection. As an alternative to the two aforementioned embodiments of the shotgun cartridge according to the invention, another particularly advantageous embodiment of the shotgun cartridge according to the invention provides that the shot charge section has a plurality of tubes, each extending along a longitudinal dimension of the cartridge case with a principal axis of extension, wherein the plurality of shot pellets connected to one another by means of the threads are arranged in the tubes such that the shot pellets of a shot pellet layer are connected to one another by means of the threads by a plurality of shot pellet layers arranged perpendicular to the aforementioned longitudinal dimension, preferably that the tubes each have a plurality of recesses and / or openings for the passage of the threads, particularly preferably that the tubes are arranged on the cartridge case side such that a central recess bounded by the tubes is formed for the storage of the threads.In this further development, the shot pellets connected to one another by the threads are also positioned very well in a structurally and manufacturably simple manner, and thus arranged very reliably within the shot charge section. The design according to this further allows for multiple layers of shot pellets arranged along the length of the casing, each layer comprising a set of shot pellets connected to one another by the threads. Regarding the advantages of the preferred and the particularly preferred embodiment of this further development, reference can be made here to the above descriptions of the aforementioned further development. An advantageous further development of the latter embodiment of the shotgun cartridge according to the invention, referring back to claim 3, provides that the tubes along a longitudinal extension of the case substantially over the entire shot charge section each have at least one predetermined breaking point, wherein the respective predetermined breaking point is designed such that the predetermined breaking point opens the respective tube at or after it leaves the barrel of the firearm. See in this regard the advantages mentioned above concerning the case having the at least one predetermined breaking point, which apply here in an analogous manner. As already explained above, the shotgun cartridge according to the invention can be freely selected within wide suitable limits. However, it is advantageously provided that the majority of shot pellets connected to one another by means of the threads consist of at least one set of six or eight shot pellets connected to one another by means of the threads, preferably that the shot pellets of the at least one set are each connected at least to directly adjacent shot pellets of this set and to at least one shot pellet of this set that is arranged substantially diametrically opposite. This design should be very advantageous for the practical application of the invention, for example, in terms of design and manufacturing technology. This applies particularly to the preferred and especially to the particularly preferred embodiment of this further development. Further advantages, features, and details of the invention can be found in the dependent claims and the following description. Features mentioned therein may be essential to the invention individually or in any combination. The drawings serve only as examples to clarify the invention and are not intended to be limiting. Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a firearm of the system according to the invention in a side view, in a first variant; Figure 2 shows the embodiment according to Figure 1, in a second variant; Figure 3 shows a first embodiment of the shotgun cartridge according to the invention in a sectional top view, in a first variant; Figure 4 shows the first embodiment according to Figure 3, in a sectional side view; Figure 5 shows a second embodiment of the shotgun cartridge according to the invention in a representation analogous to Figure 4; Figure 6 shows the first embodiment in a representation analogous to Figure 3, in a second variant; and Figure 7 shows the second embodiment according to Figure 5 in a simplified representation analogous to Figure 3. Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 to 7 show different embodiments of the invention. Identical components and component functions are identified by the same reference numerals. Only the distinguishing features of the second embodiment, which follows the first, are explained in relation to the first embodiment. Otherwise, the embodiments are identical. The same applies to the variants described below. The drone defense system according to the invention comprises: a firearm 2 for firing shotgun cartridges, illustrated by way of example in Figures 1 and 2, and a shotgun cartridge 4 according to the invention for drone defense. The firearm 2 is shown in Figures 1 and 2 once without and once with a shoulder stock 3. The firearm 2 is designed to fire such a shotgun cartridge 4, wherein, according to the present embodiment, the firearm 2 has a profiled barrel, namely a rifled barrel or a polygonal barrel, to impart rotation to the shotgun pellets of the shotgun cartridge 4 fired from the firearm 2. The shotgun cartridge 4 is shown only in Figures 3, 4, 5, 6 to 7. The shotgun pellets are explained in more detail below. The shotgun cartridge 4 for drone defense comprises: a casing 6, a base 8 closing the casing 6 at the rear with a primer 10, a cover 12 closing the casing 6 at the front, a propellant charge section 14 arranged in the base of the casing 6 for receiving a propellant charge (not shown) that can be ignited by means of the primer 10, a shot charge section 16 arranged in the cover of the casing 6 for receiving a shot charge 18, and an intermediate element 20 arranged between the two aforementioned sections 14 and 16 as a buffer between the propellant charge and the shot charge 18. The cover 12 is shown only in Fig. 5. According to the invention, the shot charge 18 comprises a plurality of shot pellets 24 connected to one another by threads 22 such that, after firing from the firearm 2 for firing shot cartridges, the aforementioned plurality of shot pellets 24 connected to one another by means of the threads 22 form a net (not shown) for intercepting drones (also not shown). The threads 22 are shown only in Figs. 3, 6, and 7. The shot cartridge 4 is designed here for firing from the firearm 2 with a profiled barrel, namely a rifled barrel or a polygonal barrel, to impart rotation to the shot pellets 24. The term "threads" is to be interpreted broadly and includes, for example, ribbons. The casing 6 has at least one predetermined breaking point (not shown) along a longitudinal extension of the casing 6 substantially over the entire shot charge section 16, wherein the predetermined breaking point is designed such that the breaking point opens the casing 6 upon or after the shot cartridge 4 leaves the barrel of the firearm 2 for firing. In the first embodiment of the shot cartridge 4 shown in Fig. 4, the shot charge 18 comprises, on the one hand, shot pellets 24 connected to one another by the threads 22, and on the other hand, shot pellets 26 not connected to other shot pellets, wherein the shot charge section 16 has a first subsection 28 with a plurality of unconnected shot pellets 26 and a second subsection 30 with a plurality of shot pellets 24 connected to one another by the threads 22, and wherein the two aforementioned subsections 28, 30 are separated from one another by a separating agent 32.In the present embodiment according to this first variant, the first subsection 28 is arranged on the lid side and the second subsection 30 on the bottom side. The shot pellets 24 in the second subsection 30 are arranged on the cartridge case side and positioned by means of a central positioning element 34, wherein the positioning element 34 has, on the one hand, a plurality of recesses and / or openings (not shown) for the passage and storage of the threads 22. On the other hand, the positioning element 34 is designed here as an integral component of a shot chamber 36 of the shot cartridge 4 arranged in the first subsection 28 for receiving the shot pellets 26 of the first subsection 28. For this purpose, the positioning element 34 extends through the separating element 32. As already explained above, it is conceivable that the shot chamber 36 and the separating element 20 are designed as a single structural unit.On the other hand, the shot pellets 24 of the second subsection 30 are arranged in positioning recesses 38 of the intermediate means 20. Alternatively, embodiments of the shot cartridge according to the invention are also conceivable in which the positioning means is designed as merely an integral component of the intermediate means, and / or in which the shot pellets of the second subsection are arranged in positioning recesses of a shot reservoir of the shot cartridge arranged in the first subsection for receiving the shot pellets of the first subsection. The plurality of shot pellets 24 connected to one another by means of the threads 22 consists here of a set of a total of six shot pellets 24 connected to one another by means of the threads 22, wherein the shot pellets 24 of the aforementioned set are each connected at least to directly adjacent shot pellets 24 of this set and at least to one shot pellet 24 of this set arranged substantially diametrically opposite.See Figures 3 and 4 together for this illustration. A second embodiment of the present model differs from the first embodiment described above in that the majority of shot pellets 24 connected to one another by means of the threads 22 consists of at least one set of eight shot pellets 24 connected to one another by means of the threads 22, wherein, analogous to the first embodiment, the shot pellets 24 of this set are each connected at least to directly adjacent shot pellets 24 of this set and to at least one shot pellet 24 of this set that is arranged substantially diametrically opposite. See Figures 4 and 6 together for this illustration. In the present embodiment, at least a proportion of the shot pellets 24 and / or 26 of the shot pellet charge 18 consists of at least one of the following materials: lead, rubber, rock flour, cornstarch, clay. For example, the shot pellets 24 and the shot pellets 26 can be made of the same material or of different materials. Material mixtures are also conceivable. Furthermore, at least a proportion of the threads 22 consists of the following material: plastic, preferably polyethylene and / or polyamide and / or polyester, particularly preferably ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, abbreviated PE-UHMW. Plastic is a very versatile base material that can be further specified and selected depending on the requirements of the individual case. For the present application, the preferred materials and especially the particularly preferred material are particularly suitable.Of course, material mixtures are also conceivable. The shot cartridge 4, for example, is in 12 / 76 gauge. The shot container 36, for example a shot bag, is set into rotation by the profiled barrel of the firearm 2. The arrangement of the shot pellets 24, 26 within the shot bag is the aforementioned two-part arrangement. In the upper part, i.e., the first subsection 28, there are up to sixty shot pellets 26, each weighing 0.3 to 0.4 g. Separated from this is the unassembled net of six shot pellets 24, which are connected to each other in the manner described above. These also each weigh 0.3 to 0.4 g. The separating agent 32 is a 1 mm segmented plastic layer. The shot pellets 24 of the net are placed on projectile stabilizers, for example, in the aforementioned positioning recesses 38.In the center is the block-shaped positioning element 34, made, for example, of the same material as the shot pellet container 36, which is designed as a shot pouch. The positioning element extends below the separating element 32 and thus has a height of 4 mm. To ensure that the individual threads 22 of the net are evenly distributed as they leave the barrel, the positioning element 34 has a central depression (not shown) in which the excess lengths of the threads 22 can be stored. The other recesses and / or openings of the positioning element 34, also not shown, leading to the individual shot pellets 24, serve two purposes: firstly, to organize the individual threads 22 of the net, and secondly, to connect the shot pellets 24 together. The shot pellets 24 of the net, also of caliber 1, are positioned at the edge of the aforementioned shot pouch.The mesh is designed such that each shot pellet 24 is connected to the shot pellet 24 directly to its left and right, as well as to the shot pellet 24 substantially opposite it. See Figures 3 and 6. The mesh consists, for example, of 0.79 mm thick UHMWPE with six 4 mm shot pellets 24. The aforementioned shot pouch is made, for example, of plastic and has a buffer in its lower section, namely the spacer 20, to reduce the pressure of the propellant charge on the shot pouch. The propellant charge height is a maximum of 18 mm, depending on the powder. The height of the shot cartridge 4 in its closed state is approximately 67 mm. Upon exiting the barrel, after approximately 2 m, at least one predetermined breaking point in the casing 6 is opened laterally to the side of the shot pouch along the entire length of the shot charge section 16. The same applies to the second variant of the first embodiment shown in Figure 6. As an alternative to the first embodiment described above, a second embodiment of the shotgun cartridge according to the invention for drone defense is shown in Figs. 5 and 7. In contrast to the first embodiment, the shot charge section 16 here has a plurality of tubes 40, each extending along a longitudinal dimension of the sleeve 6 with a principal axis of extension, wherein the plurality of shot pellets 24, connected to one another by means of the threads 22, are arranged in the tubes 40 such that the shot pellets 24 of a shot pellet layer 42 are connected to one another by means of the threads 22 by a plurality of shot pellet layers 42, each arranged perpendicular to the aforementioned longitudinal dimension, and wherein the tubes 40 each have a plurality of recesses and / or openings (not shown) for the passage of the threads 22. Furthermore, the tubes 40 are arranged here on the sleeve side such that a central recess (not shown), bounded by the tubes 40, is formed for the storage of the threads 22. The Fig.Figure 7 is greatly simplified here for the sake of clarity, so that only the shot pellets 24 of a shot pellet layer 42 and the threads of this shot pellet layer 42 are shown. The aforementioned connections by means of the threads 22 correspond here to the second variant of the first embodiment of the shot cartridge according to the invention shown in Figure 6. Analogous to the sleeve 6, the tubes 40 have at least one predetermined breaking point along the length of the sleeve 6 essentially over the entire shot charge section 16, wherein the respective predetermined breaking point is designed such that the predetermined breaking point opens the respective tube 40 at or after it leaves the barrel of the firearm 2. The shotgun cartridge 4 according to the second embodiment also has, for example, a caliber of 12 / 76. The primer, i.e., the detonator 10, is located in the lower section; above it is the propellant section 14 containing the propellant charge. Again, a buffer, namely the intermediate 20, between the shot reservoir 36 (designed as a shot bag) and the propellant charge reduces the pressure on the shot bag. The shot bag has several tubes 40 in which the shot pellets 24 are stacked one above the other. For example, a total of eight tubes 40 are provided here, with the tubes 40 and the entire shot bag being made of plastic. The shot pellets 24 are coated with a film of grease or oil. All shot pellets 24 in the respective plane, i.e., in the respective shot pellet layer 42, are connected to each other by threads 22 as shown in Fig. 7.The excess lengths of the threads 22 are stored in the center, and each layer is divided by a 0.5 mm thick segmented plastic layer with positioning recesses. The tubes 40, which separate the shot pellets 24, also have predetermined breaking points as well as recesses and / or openings, each facing the center and the other shot pellets 24, through which the respective thread 22 is guided to the center and to the other shot pellets 24. This results in a total of seven nets, each containing eight shot pellets 24 with a weight of 0.3 to 0.4 g per pellet and a maximum total quantity of 56 shot pellets 24. However, the invention is not limited to the present embodiments and their variants. See in particular the alternatives and options mentioned in the description. For example, in another embodiment of the invention, the shot container, designed, for instance, as a shot pouch, may be filled with a loose mixture of shot pellets, as is customary. The shot pellets are, for example, also caliber 1 with a weight of 0.3 to 0.4 g each. Six pellets are connected to each other by threads, the length of each thread being 50 cm to opposite pellets and 25 cm to the two directly adjacent pellets. A total of up to sixty shot pellets are contained in the shot cartridge. Due to the rotational movement caused by the swirl, as in the described embodiments, the shot pellets of this embodiment are brought to a maximum distance of 50 cm from each other, resulting in a relatively loose network.This anti-drone munition also works kinetically on the drone being intercepted, as well as through the net's threads, for example, by entangling the drone's rotors. For further details, please refer to the explanations of the exemplary implementations described above. The same applies, of course, in reverse. As explained above, the firearm of the system according to the invention can also be freely selected within wide suitable limits. The following explanations are purely exemplary and do not limit the scope of protection. The firearm, or simply "weapon," designed for use by law enforcement or as a civilian weapon, can be made of various materials and is, for example, a break-action firearm with two 26 cm long, profiled barrels and integrated compensators. The overall length of the weapon is approximately 44 cm. The caliber corresponds to the ammunition used, i.e., 12 / 76 gauge, as in the examples above. The breech mechanism can be a modified side-lock system, in which a firing pin axis, a cocking grid, a trigger bar, a safety catch, a firing spring, a firing pin, and a firing pin rest are housed on a single lock plate. The weapon has, for example, a trigger that allows both barrels to be fired sequentially. The breech lever for opening the weapon can be located on the left side of the receiver.By activating this mechanism, the front part of the weapon, including the barrels, tilts downwards and is then cocked again by the internal cocking lever. Essentially, it's a classic over-and-under shotgun design, but with the aforementioned arrangement of the locking lever. This arrangement allows for the locking lever to be mounted on the side, resulting in a more compact weapon. The barrel extensions, with holes for the crossbars, are released by a crossbar. The barrels are held in position by a barrel hook on each side. The barrels are profiled and may feature a compensator. Each barrel has an ejector. The forend may be equipped with Picatinny rails on the sides and bottom. Furthermore, the forend may be made of hard plastic to reduce weight. The forend is removable and, as with an over-and-under shotgun, holds the barrels and receiver together.The forend and the lower end of the barrels each feature two barrel hooks with a milled recess for a locking wedge. The weapon is designed, for example, to ensure that its effective range with the net deployed does not exceed 35-60 meters. The maximum firing range, using the caliber, shot size, and propellant charge specified above, is limited to approximately 340 meters. The pistol grip is fixed, but the receiver may have a removable cap at the top that can be replaced with a shoulder stock. See Figures 1 and 2 for a combined view. Beneath the cap, which is removable via two snap fasteners, the pistol grip contains two milled grooves. The cap is pulled upwards, revealing a circular groove on the receiver that secures the shoulder stock in place.The shoulder stock can be attached or detached via a quick-release fastener at the top of the pistol grip. Four additional shotgun cartridges, for example, can be stored in the rear section or on the stock. These are secured, for example, by a cover. Sighting devices can be attached, for example, via an additional Picatinny rail mounted on the stock and on top of the receiver or barrel. Red dot sights, magnifiers, and folding sights, such as BUIS sights, can all be mounted here. The system according to the invention can further be supplemented by a pouch for the firearm, hereinafter referred to as "weapon," and, if present, a pouch for a detachable shoulder stock of the weapon. The following descriptions are also to be understood as purely exemplary and do not limit the scope of protection. A bag is recommended for transporting the weapon. The bag for the aforementioned weapon, for example, is 46 cm wide, 25 cm high, and 5 cm deep. It is made of a tear-resistant material. The bag can be opened by pulling a 7 cm wide and 8 cm long tab on the outside of the side panel. The bag is closed with a 4 cm wide Velcro fastener running the entire length of the top panel. This Velcro fastener is protected by an overlapping flap. When the bag is opened by pulling the tab, an internal safety device, which also secures the weapon inside the bag with Velcro, is automatically released by a wire pull. This safety device is located in the center of the barrel assembly. Furthermore, the weapon is additionally secured at the grip by a quick-release mechanism to prevent it from falling out when the side panel of the bag is opened.This quick-release mechanism is activated by pressing a button. A front section of the bag, corresponding to the barrel, is securely closed. A rear section, corresponding to the pistol grip, is tucked away inside the bag as a flap. This allows the shooter to carry the detachable stock attached when needed. Loops are sewn into the center of the lower section to hold, for example, four rounds of ammunition. An additional feature can be provided to hold two rounds, such as two shotgun cartridges. A loop system is attached to one side of the bag, allowing it to be connected to a belt or body armor worn by the shooter. The detachable stock can also be carried in a separate pouch. This pouch is made of a tear-resistant material, ideally the same material as the weapon pouch.The shoulder stock pouch, for example, is 30 cm long, 15 cm high, and 5 cm deep. It opens with the same Velcro closure as the weapon pouch. The shoulder stock is secured by two Velcro straps. The seams of both pouches are reinforced to protect them from premature wear.

Claims

Shotgun cartridge (4) for drone defense, comprising: a cartridge case (6), a base (8) closing the cartridge case (6) to the rear with a primer (10), a cap (12) closing the cartridge case (6) to the front, a propellant charge section (14) arranged in the cartridge case (6) on the base side for receiving a propellant charge ignitable by means of the primer (10), a shot charge section (16) arranged in the cartridge case (6) on the cap side for receiving a shot charge (18), and an intermediate element (20) arranged between the two aforementioned sections (14, 16) as a buffer between the propellant charge and the shot charge (18), characterized in that the shot charge (18) comprises a plurality of shot pellets (24) connected to one another by threads (22) such that the aforementioned plurality of shot pellets (24) connected to one another by threads (22) after firing from a firearm (2) Firing shotgun cartridges creates a net to intercept drones. Shotgun cartridge (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that the shotgun cartridge (4) is designed to be suitable for firing from a firearm (2) with a profiled barrel, preferably a rifled barrel or a polygonal barrel, to achieve a rotation of the aforementioned shot pellets (24). Shotgun cartridge (4) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sleeve (6) has at least one predetermined breaking point along a longitudinal extension of the sleeve (6) substantially over the entire shot charge section (16), wherein the predetermined breaking point is designed such that the predetermined breaking point opens the sleeve (6) when or after the shotgun cartridge leaves the barrel of a firearm (2) for firing. Shotgun cartridge (4) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shot charge (18) comprises, on the one hand, shot pellets (24) connected to one another by threads (22) and, on the other hand, shot pellets (26) not connected to other shot pellets, preferably that the shot charge section (16) has a first subsection (28) with a plurality of shot pellets (26) not connected to one another and a second subsection (30) with a plurality of shot pellets (24) connected to one another by means of the threads (22), wherein the two aforementioned subsections (28, 30) are separated from one another by means of a separating means (32), particularly preferably that the first subsection (28) is arranged on the cap side and the second subsection (30) on the bottom side. Shotgun cartridge (4) according to claim 4, characterized in that the shot pellets (4) are arranged on the cartridge side in the second subsection (28) and are positioned by means of a central positioning means (34), preferably that, on the one hand, the positioning means (34) has a plurality of recesses and / or openings for the passage and / or storage of the threads (22), and / or, on the other hand, that the positioning means (34) is designed as an integral component of a shot reservoir (36) arranged in the first subsection (28) of the shotgun cartridge (4) for receiving the shot pellets (26) of the first subsection (28) or the intermediate means, and / or, on the other hand,that the shot pellets (24) of the second subsection (30) are arranged in positioning recesses (38) of a shot container (36) of the shot cartridge (4) arranged in the first subsection (28) for receiving the shot pellets (26) of the first subsection (28) and / or the intermediate (20). Shotgun cartridge (4) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shot charge section (16) has a plurality of tubes (40) each extending with a principal axis of extension along a longitudinal dimension of the cartridge case (6), wherein the plurality of shot pellets (24) connected to one another by means of the threads (22) are arranged in the tubes (40) such that the shot pellets (24) of a shot pellet layer (42) are connected to one another by means of the threads (22) of a plurality of shot pellet layers (42) arranged perpendicular to the aforementioned longitudinal dimension, preferably that the tubes (40) each have a plurality of recesses and / or openings for the passage of the threads (22), particularly preferably that the tubes (40) are arranged on the cartridge case side such that a central recess bounded by the tubes (40) is provided for Storage of the threads (22) is formed. Shotgun cartridge (4) according to claim 6, referring back to claim 3, characterized in that the tubes (40) along a longitudinal extension of the sleeve (6) substantially over the entire shot charge section (16) each have at least one predetermined breaking point, wherein the respective predetermined breaking point is designed such that the predetermined breaking point opens the respective tube (40) at or after leaving the barrel of the firearm (2). Shotgun cartridge (4) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, on the one hand, at least a proportion of shot pellets (24, 26) of the shot pellet charge (18) consists of at least one of the following materials: lead, rubber, stone flour, cornstarch, clay; and / or, on the other hand, at least a proportion of threads (22) of the threads (22) consists of the following material: plastic, preferably polyethylene and / or polyamide and / or polyester, particularly preferably ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, abbreviated PE-UHMW. Shotgun cartridge (4) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the plurality of shot pellets (24) connected to one another by means of the threads (22) consists of at least one set of six or eight shot pellets (24) connected to one another by means of the threads (22), preferably that the shot pellets (24) of the at least one set are each connected at least to directly adjacent shot pellets (24) of this set and at least to one shot pellet (24) of this set arranged substantially diametrically opposite. System for drone defense, comprising: a firearm (2) for firing shotgun cartridges and shotgun cartridge (4), characterized in that the shotgun cartridge (4) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 9 and that the firearm (2) is designed to fire such a shotgun cartridge (4). System according to claim 10, characterized in that the firearm (2) has a profiled barrel, preferably a rifled barrel or a polygonal barrel, to achieve a rotation of the shot pellets (24, 26) fired from the firearm (2).

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