Bungalow high-rise with modular residential units, assigned garden areas and integrated energy, water and lifting systems

Abstract

Bungalow high-rise, characterized in that it has a multitude of multi-story residential units, with at least one vertical load-bearing and access core and with building services facilities, wherein the residential units are designed as prefabricated bungalow-like room or room group modules, which are arranged at least partially in a staggered or offset manner above one another, wherein at least one upper area of ​​a lower residential unit forms a walkable roof or terrace area, which is designed as a garden area of ​​an adjacent or above-ground residential unit, and wherein a multi-layered roof and ceiling structure with load-bearing structure, sealing, thermal insulation, drainage layer and sound decoupling is arranged between the garden area and the residential unit below.

Description

[0001] Building land in or near major cities is becoming increasingly scarce and expensive. However, the desire for a house with a garden remains just as prevalent.

[0002] The invention relates to the field of modular multi-story residential construction, in particular a multi-story residential building with prefabricated bungalow-style residential units (modular construction) arranged on at least one vertical load-bearing and access core and each connected to an associated accessible outdoor and garden area (roof and facade greening). High-rise buildings with stacked residential units have—if any at all—only very limited green spaces. Furthermore, the invention relates to the structural, energy-related, water-related, and assembly-related design of such a building.

[0003] Current technological advancements include multi-story residential buildings with stacked apartments, modular buildings made of prefabricated units, terraced residential buildings with roof terraces, greened building envelopes, and energy-efficient and partially energy-autonomous buildings (vertical greening, e.g., Bosco Verticale). Furthermore, buildings with photovoltaics on facades or roofs, buildings with heat pump systems, ventilation with heat recovery, rainwater harvesting, and structural lifting and extension systems are known.

[0004] Well-known residential high-rises typically feature a horizontal, floor-by-floor layout with stories stacked one above the other. Even when balconies, sometimes loggias, roof gardens, or communal areas are included, these buildings generally lack the character of individual bungalow-style houses with their own private gardens. In well-known modular high-rises, the focus is usually on the serial production of identical residential units (also known as "container construction"), rather than on combining different bungalow-style modules with individually assigned outdoor spaces. Green high-rises are often limited to green facades, planters, or communal roof areas, without the roof of a lower residential unit being structurally and functionally designed as a garden area for the unit above or adjacent to it.Energy-autonomous or energy-efficient buildings, on the other hand, are known, but are not regularly combined with a staggered bungalow-like high-rise concept in such a way that modular prefabrication, private garden areas, sound and heat separation, standardized connection zones, optional extensive water self-sufficiency and a construction method with hydraulic lifting of already erected building parts are provided.

[0005] A particular disadvantage of existing solutions is that in urban areas, they either result in high building density without individual house character, or individualized living with garden areas is only possible with extensive, land-intensive development. Conventional high-rise buildings typically do not offer residents private, sheltered garden areas directly adjacent to their respective apartments. Furthermore, existing multi-story buildings are often inadequately designed for intensive garden use on the roofs of other units with regard to airborne sound insulation, impact sound insulation, and thermal separation between living spaces and the exterior areas above. In addition, modular bungalow-high-rise concepts are often only flexible to a limited extent when different floor plans, distinct house characters, or subsequent expansions are desired.Furthermore, existing buildings often rely on external energy and water networks and are not designed for extensive in-house recycling. Finally, the construction of taller buildings often involves significant crane and assembly work, resulting in high construction costs and long construction times.

[0006] The invention is therefore based on the objective of constructing a multi-story residential building that, with high space efficiency and suitability for urban or suburban locations, offers the residential character of individual bungalow-style houses with associated garden areas, while simultaneously allowing for serial, cost-effective, and technically manageable construction. Furthermore, the building should be designed with sound and thermal insulation properties such that garden areas on the roofs of lower residential units can be used without significantly impairing the living spaces below. The building should also integrate renewable energy generation, energy storage, heat generation, ventilation with heat recovery, rainwater harvesting, and water treatment, and optionally be expandable or constructed in sections from the bottom using a hydraulic lifting system.

[0007] This challenge is met by an ecological bungalow-style high-rise building that fulfills the main requirements and enables individual living similar to that of a single-family home. Crucially, the residential units are designed as bungalow-like room or room group modules, arranged at least partially in a staggered or offset configuration. This allows for space-saving vertical construction. At least one upper section of a lower residential unit is an accessible roof or terrace area, serving as a garden for a neighboring or upper residential unit. A multi-layered roof and ceiling structure, including a load-bearing structure, waterproofing, thermal insulation, drainage layer, and sound insulation, is installed between the garden area and the residential unit below.

[0008] The bungalow-style high-rise features standardized mechanical and media technology connection zones on a vertical load-bearing and access core, building-integrated photovoltaics, wind energy units, electrical energy storage, at least one heat pump unit, ventilation units with heat recovery, rainwater harvesting and irrigation systems, water treatment facilities, and daylight collection and light guidance systems, making it ecologically sound and energy self-sufficient. It also includes elevator systems and, optionally during construction, a lifting mechanism with synchronously controlled hydraulic cylinders.

[0009] Solutions based on the invention exist, e.g.: CN000102852373A, ecological city, CN000001096073A, Garden on bungalow high-rise, DE000069120894T2, with bungalow-high-rise garden, CA000002611531A1, Building a house on an existing building, WO002009078032A1, Houses on platforms and large distances.

[0010] The existing solutions fulfill their function according to the circumstances (or are still under development), but do not have the capabilities of the aforementioned invention.

[0011] The invention of the ecological bungalow high-rise with modular residential units, associated garden areas and integrated energy, water and lifting systems specified in claim 1 fulfills these requirements. One example:

[0012] The invention relates to a multi-story residential building in modular construction, in which a plurality of bungalow-like residential units 1 are arranged on one or more vertical load-bearing and access cores ( Fig. 1) The bungalow-style residential units are constructed as prefabricated room or room group modules (prefabricated components) and each has at least one living room, sanitary facilities, building services connections, and at least one accessible roof or terrace area 1, which is designed as a private garden area. All "bungalows" are insulated against cold and / or heat (zero-energy or low-energy house / no air conditioning required). The residential units are not stacked vertically on top of each other, but are arranged at least partially in a staggered or offset manner, so that an open-air garden area is created above a lower residential unit for an adjacent residential unit. The garden area is constructed with a multi-layered roof and ceiling structure 2, including a load-bearing slab, waterproofing, root protection, thermal insulation, impact sound and structure-borne sound decoupling, and a drainage layer.Below a garden area is the living area of ​​another residential unit, whereby the multi-layered design of the structure reduces airborne noise, structure-borne noise and heat flow between the garden area and the living area below.

[0013] The load-bearing and access core 3 comprises at least one passenger elevator and optionally a freight elevator, a stairwell, and vertical service shafts for electricity, water, wastewater, ventilation, and data lines. The bungalow-style residential units are connected to the load-bearing and access core via horizontal walkways and / or corridors. The residential units can also have different floor plans, while the connections to the load-bearing and access core remain standardized. This standardization allows different house modules to be used on the same load-bearing system.

[0014] As already mentioned, the residential units are preferably built as prefabricated room or room group modules and are factory-fitted with facades, windows, interior walls, sanitary facilities and part of the building services equipment ( Fig. 2) The modules can be installed in a load-bearing skeleton system made of steel, reinforced concrete, wood, stone, etc., or a combination thereof. Soundproofing layers, decoupling bearings, and, where required, installation or maintenance cavities are installed between adjacent residential units and between residential units and garden structures.

[0015] In Fig. 2. The layers of the green area are designed to drain or store rainwater, prevent roots from penetrating the layers below, and reduce both heat and sound transmission to living spaces below. The garden area can be equipped with, for example, lawns, perennials, shrubs, planting beds, seating areas, or pathways.

[0016] To limit wind load, and if wind turbines are not desired, the garden areas can be equipped with a windbreak, which can take the form of a transparent panel, a louvered structure, a plantable screen element, or a shaped balustrade. The garden areas can also feature a water retention and irrigation system with storage tanks, filters, pumps, and pipes. This allows rainwater to be collected, temporarily stored, and used for garden irrigation.

[0017] According to Fig. Photovoltaic modules 4 are arranged on the facade and / or roof surfaces (optionally also integrated into the windows). These can be opaque facade modules, semi-transparent parapet elements, or photovoltaic glazing. Instead of windbreaks in the garden area, vertical-axis wind turbines 5, Savonius rotors, H-rotors, or other wind power systems can be installed. The electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic and wind power systems is fed into an internal building network and then into electrical energy storage systems (e.g., batteries, accumulators, chemical, and / or physical storage). Furthermore, a central heat pump unit is provided, which feeds a low-temperature heat distribution network and / or cooling network. This network can supply heat and cooling to surface heating / underfloor heating, cooling systems, and ventilation systems in the residential units. If necessary, infrared heating elements, wall heating, etc., can be used, provided they require minimal maintenance.can be connected. A seasonal heat storage system can be installed as an option.

[0018] At least one ventilation unit with a heat exchanger is provided for the ventilation of the residential units. Fresh air is supplied via outside air ducts, and exhaust air via exhaust air ducts. The ventilation system with heat recovery contributes to reducing ventilation heat losses and improving the indoor climate.

[0019] The building features a rainwater harvesting and irrigation system, as well as facilities for greywater and / or blackwater treatment. Greywater treatment plants, wastewater / blackwater treatment plants, and biological filtration zones (natural filtration systems, including those using reeds) can be installed. The biological filtration zones can be located on the roof, in a technical floor, or in the basement. For underground biological filtration zones, LED lighting is recommended. Treated water is stored and used, for example, for toilet flushing, cleaning, or garden irrigation.

[0020] To improve natural lighting in interior areas, a daylight harvesting system can be installed. This includes light collectors, such as mirrors or light-directing elements, as well as light guides, light shafts, and diffused ceiling modules. In this way, daylight is directed into interior areas of the residential units or into garden and communal areas. Artificial lighting units, pictures, or projection surfaces can be installed above the green spaces as a supplement.

[0021] According to Fig.3. The building can optionally be erected or extended using a lifting arrangement 6. This includes synchronously controlled hydraulic cylinders, lifting frames, locking elements, and temporary load transfer points. An already erected building section is lifted by the hydraulic cylinders, allowing another module or floor section to be constructed / installed below the lifted area and then permanently connected to the existing building section. This enables the majority of the assembly to take place near ground level and allows for the phased expansion of the building. The very slow lifting process can be carried out at night or as needed.

[0022] Additionally, the bungalow-style high-rise can be connected to a public transport system, for example, a driverless lightweight monorail system (DE202023103592U1) that can also transport goods. Furthermore, an internal building system with a goods transfer station and internal conveyor technology (including a freight elevator) can be installed.

[0023] The combination described above provides a multi-story residential building that, in densely populated urban areas, offers the residential character of individual bungalow-style houses with associated gardens, supports modular prefabrication suitable for series production, ensures sound and heat separation between gardens and living spaces, and offers additional energy, water, and assembly advantages. The invention enables high space efficiency while simultaneously providing an individualized living experience. The staggered or offset modular construction creates usable garden areas in the immediate vicinity of the residential units. The standardized connection to the access core facilitates serial production and the use of different floor plan types. The multi-layered roof and ceiling structure reduces sound and heat transfer between gardens and the residential units below.The integration of renewable energy sources, energy storage systems, water cycles, and optionally a hydraulic lifting system improves the building's ecological and construction logistics performance. This enables fast, customized, and comparatively inexpensive construction. Reference symbol list 1 residential unit with garden area 2 Root protection, thermal insulation layer, impact sound decoupling, drainage layer 3-person and possibly freight elevator, stairwell, lifting arrangement 4 photovoltaic modules / solar cells, photovoltaic glazing 5 Wind energy unit and / or windbreak 6 hydraulic cylinders QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] CN 000102852373A

[0009] CN 000001096073A

[0009] DE 000069120894T2

[0009] CA 000002611531A1

[0009] WO 002009078032A1

[0009] DE 202023103592U1

[0022]

Claims

Bungalow high-rise, characterized in that it has a multitude of multi-story residential units, with at least one vertical load-bearing and access core and with building services facilities, wherein the residential units are designed as prefabricated bungalow-like room or room group modules, which are arranged at least partially in a staggered or offset manner above one another, wherein at least one upper area of ​​a lower residential unit forms a walkable roof or terrace area, which is designed as a garden area of ​​an adjacent or above-ground residential unit, and wherein a multi-layered roof and ceiling structure with load-bearing structure, sealing, thermal insulation, drainage layer and sound decoupling is arranged between the garden area and the residential unit below. Bungalow high-rise according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical load-bearing and access core has at least one passenger elevator, one stairwell and at least one vertical supply shaft for energy, water, wastewater, ventilation and data lines. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each residential unit has a standardized mechanical and media-technical connection zone for connection to the load-bearing and development core. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the residential units are built as factory prefabricated modules with facade, window and installation components already installed. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the residential units are made of a load-bearing skeleton system with steel, reinforced concrete, stone, wood hybrid components or a combination of these materials. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the garden area of ​​a respective residential unit has a vegetation layer with substrate structure, drainage, filter layer and irrigation system. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the garden area is limited by transparent or lamellar windbreak elements. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that impact sound decoupling elements, structure sound decoupling elements and installation cavities are installed between the residential units. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that photovoltaic modules / solar cells are installed on external facade and / or roof surfaces. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the photovoltaic modules are designed as opaque facade modules, semi-transparent parapet elements or photovoltaically active glazing. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that vertical-axis or other wind power plants are installed on the roof, facade or garden. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wind energy units are Savonius rotors, H-rotors or similar systems. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an in-building electrical network with stationary energy storage units is installed, which is connected to the photovoltaic modules and / or wind energy units. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a central heat pump unit with a low-temperature heat distribution network is installed. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the low-temperature heat distribution network feeds surface heating, ventilation or other systems in the residential units, or infrared or other heating elements are installed instead. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a seasonal heat storage unit is installed. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each residential unit or each group of residential units has at least one ventilation unit with heat recovery. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a rainwater collection and irrigation system with storage tanks, filters, pumps and controlled distribution lines is installed. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a greywater and / or blackwater treatment plant is installed for partial or extensive water technology self-sufficiency of the bungalow high-rise. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water treatment facility has at least one biological filter zone with plant substrate, e.g. with reed components. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the biological filter zone is arranged on the roof, in a technical floor or in the basement. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a daylight collection system with at least one light collector and at least one light guide or light shaft for introducing natural light into interior living or communal areas is installed. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that artificial lighting units, in particular LED units and / or projection surfaces, or pictures are arranged in / above garden or common areas. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the residential units are connected to the load-bearing and access core / elevators via horizontal connecting paths / corridors. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the floor plans of the residential units can be different from one another, while the connecting zones of the residential units are geometrically and functionally standardized. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the residential units are staggered at least in sections in such a way that the garden area of ​​a lower residential unit acts simultaneously as an open space enclosure and as a thermal buffer zone for the residential unit above. Bungalow high-rise building according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a goods transfer station with connection to a freight elevator or to an internal conveyor system is installed. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the goods transfer station is connected, for example, to a road traffic system or to a rail-bound lightweight monorail. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bungalow high-rise is equipped with a lifting arrangement, e.g. consisting of synchronously controllable hydraulic cylinders, lifting frames and locking elements for lifting an already erected part of the building and for inserting further modules or floor sections from below. Bungalow high-rise according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifting arrangement is set such that the lifting is carried out by at least the height of a further floor section and the lifted building part is permanently connected to the lower building part after the further module or floor section has been inserted.

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