A plant for the treatment of organic waste using subcritical water pyrolysis

Abstract

A device for treating organic waste by subcritical water pyrolysis, characterized by two parallel subcritical reactors, the upper surfaces of which are each connected to a feed opening that directs the organic waste material into the reactors. The two reactors are arranged to the left and right, with a support frame between them. The upper surface of this frame includes a pretreatment unit connected to the feed opening via piping. The pretreatment unit comprises a stirring chamber, the upper surface of which is connected to a filter via a flange. A pressure feed device containing a feed chamber is located on the top of the filter. The upper surface of the feed chamber is connected to a feed pipe, the lower part of which is connected to a corrugated pipe located inside the feed chamber.A pressure plate is attached to the end of the corrugated tube, and this plate has an opening corresponding to the tube's outlet. An electromagnetic valve is installed in this opening. A lifting device is mounted on the outside of the feed chamber, allowing the pressure plate to move vertically.

Description

Technical area

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of organic waste treatment and in particular to a device for treating organic waste by means of subcritical hydrothermal pyrolysis. Background technology

[0002] With economic development and rising living standards, the amount of various organic wastes is continuously increasing – including animal and poultry waste, agricultural and forestry waste, and certain organic chemical wastes. Improper disposal of these wastes not only leads to significant land use degradation but also causes substantial secondary pollution of soil, water, and the atmosphere. The development of efficient, environmentally friendly, and resource-conserving technologies for treating organic waste has therefore become a central issue in environmental protection.

[0003] Subcritical water: In a subcritical water environment, the density of the water increases, thereby raising the dissociation coefficient. The water acts as a catalytic solvent, promoting the decomposition of organic polymers, as well as starches and proteins, into glucose and amino acids. This process decomposes and detoxifies various polymers—both synthetic (such as plastics) and natural (such as fats and proteins). The technology utilizes high temperature, high pressure, and subcritical water, similar to how methanol is used in oil decomposition. At temperatures around 250 °C, the water exhibits a large ionic surface area, increasing the ratio of hydrogen ions to hydroxide ions. In this state, organic molecules, as well as starches and proteins, break down into amino acids.Through demolecularization and the evaporation of solid particles, a liquid phase is created, which gives the subcritic a high decomposition power. Furthermore, it can decompose environmental pollutants and thus eliminate their harmful effects.

[0004] The subcritical water reaction is not a chemical reaction with organic solvents. Rather, it takes place using pure water as a solvent – ​​an environmentally friendly, fireless, and safe method that makes it possible to process organic waste during resource utilization without dioxin emissions, dust emissions, or wastewater generation, thus causing no secondary environmental pollution.

[0005] Among the various processing technologies, hydrothermal reaction technology – especially subcritical hydrolysis – exhibits great application potential. Subcritical water has an extremely low dielectric constant, high diffusivity, and high reactivity, and is completely receptive to organic substances. This allows organic compounds to be efficiently and completely broken down into harmless small molecules, while simultaneously releasing a significant amount of heat energy. Furthermore, subcritical water possesses excellent hydrolytic properties, enabling the breakdown of large organic molecules into smaller products, thus facilitating resource utilization and recovery.

[0006] However, existing hydrothermal treatment plants suffer from numerous technical limitations. First, subcritical reactors are typically installed as standalone units, resulting in large footprints, high energy consumption, and complex system architectures. Second, organic waste must undergo several pretreatment processes before being fed into the reactor—including shredding, screening, and adjusting the powder concentration. These steps not only increase investment and operating costs but also reduce the overall efficiency of the treatment. Even more critically, current feeding systems are inadequately suited to complex organic waste containing long fibers and hard impurities.These contaminants easily clog the high-pressure transport lines and the reactor interior, leading to frequent shutdowns for maintenance and significantly impairing treatment continuity and industrial applicability. Invention content

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a device for the treatment of organic waste by means of subcritical water pyrolysis, which enables pressing during the application of the waste, reduces pretreatment work, increases processing efficiency and avoids blockages in the pipelines.

[0008] The present invention is implemented as follows: An integrated process for treating organic waste by means of subcritical water pyrolysis. The upper surface of each of the two subcritical reactors is connected to a feed hopper that directs the organic waste into the two parallel subcritical reactors. The two reactors are arranged on the left and right. A support structure is located between the two parallel subcritical reactors, the upper surface of which is equipped with a pretreatment mechanism. This mechanism is connected to the feed hopper via piping. The pretreatment system comprises a stirring chamber, the upper surface of which is connected to a filter via flanges. A pressure feeder, which includes a feed chamber, is located on the upper surface of the filter.The upper surface of the feed chamber is connected to a feed tube, the lower part of which is connected to a corrugated tube located inside the feed chamber. A pressure plate is attached to the end of the corrugated tube, and this plate has an opening corresponding to the outlet of the corrugated tube. A solenoid valve is installed in this opening. A lifting device is mounted on the outside of the feed chamber, enabling the pressure plate to be moved vertically.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper surfaces of the two parallel subcritical reactors are connected to an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, while the lower surfaces are connected to a discharge pipe. An inlet valve is provided in the inlet pipe, an outlet valve in the outlet pipe, and a discharge valve in the discharge pipe.

[0010] In addition, a stirring shaft is arranged in the mixing vessel, and a first motor for driving this stirring shaft is located on the side wall of the vessel.

[0011] Furthermore, the lever assembly comprises a curved container body positioned on the left and right sides of the feed hopper. These sides feature annular positioning grooves. The upper and lower surfaces of the pressure plate are each connected to an annular positioning plate recessed in the corresponding positioning grooves. Expansion pieces, embedded in the curved container body, are attached to the left and right ends of the pressure plate, facing outwards. Retaining blocks, through which a lifting bar runs, are mounted on the upper and lower sides of the feed hopper. The expansion pieces are rigidly attached to the lifting bar. A first rack is mounted on the outer upper surface of the lower part of the lifting bar. A support tube, into which several sections of an adjustable air cylinder are integrated, is attached to the lower outer edge of the curved container body.A thrust block is attached to the end of the extension rod of the multi-stage extension cylinder. On the inside of this thrust block is a drive rod, the upper side of which carries a second rack. This rack is connected to a first gear, which is connected via a pivot shaft to a second gear, which in turn meshes with the first rack.

[0012] Furthermore, the system includes a steam generator connected to the feed tank, which serves to supply high-temperature steam to two parallel subcritical reactors.

[0013] Furthermore, the support frame comprises a support plate and support legs arranged along the periphery on the underside of the support plate. The support legs are positioned between the two subcritical reactors. Limit plates are attached to the left and right ends of the upper surface of the support plate. The agitator chamber is located between these limit plates and connected to the two parallel-connected subcritical reactors via piping.

[0014] The present invention offers the following advantages: By integrating a pretreatment mechanism and a support structure, two parallel subcritical reactors and the pretreatment phase are combined in a single integrated system. Organic waste is freed from impurities and homogenized using a press feeder and a filter. This solves the problems of previous technologies, such as scattered facilities, complicated pretreatment processes, and high susceptibility to clogging. The invention simplifies the equipment structure, reduces the number of pretreatment processes, increases processing efficiency, and effectively prevents pipe blockages. Caption Fig. shows the schematic representation of the invention. Fig. shows the main view of the present invention. Fig. shows the structure of the preprocessing plant. Fig. shows the structure of the leverage element. Fig. shows the main view of the pre-treated structure. Fig. shows the structure of the extruded feed component. Specific implementation form

[0015] The present invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. See Fig. , Fig. , Fig. , Fig. , Fig. until Fig. The present invention relates to a device for treating organic waste by means of subcritical water pyrolysis and comprises two subcritical reactors 1 connected in parallel. A feed chute 3 is attached to the top of each reactor, which directs the organic waste material into the respective reactor. The two reactors are arranged on the left and right and are connected to each other by a support frame 4. A pretreatment unit 5 is located on the top of the support frame 4 and is connected to the feed chute 3 via a pipeline 51. The pretreatment unit 5 comprises a stirring chamber 52, the top of which is connected to a filter 54 via a flange 53. A pressure feed section 6 is attached to the top of the filter 54, which contains a feed chamber 61. The top of the feed chamber 61 is connected to a feed pipe 62, the underside of which is connected to a corrugated pipe 63 located inside the feed chamber 61.A pressure plate 64 is attached to the end of the corrugated tube 63. This pressure plate has an opening corresponding to the outlet end of the corrugated tube 63 (not shown). An electromagnetic valve 65 is installed in this opening. A lifting device 7 is attached to the outside of the feed chamber 61, which can move the pressure plate 64 vertically.

[0016] The described subcritical reactor is a specialized facility for carrying out chemical reactions or material processing under subcritical conditions. It utilizes the technical advantages of the subcritical state—at temperatures and pressures approaching but slightly below the critical point—and finds wide application in the fields of chemistry, energy, materials science, and environmental protection. The core of the subcritical reactor lies in exploiting the unique properties of substances in the subcritical state.

[0017] Subcritical state: Temperature and pressure are close to, but not yet at, the critical point. In this state, both the ion concentration and the solubility of the fluid – especially water – increase significantly, while the dielectric constant decreases, which favors the occurrence of numerous chemical reactions.

[0018] A subcritical reactor creates and maintains the required subcritical environment through precise control of temperature, pressure, and stirring conditions. Its key technical features include: Carrying out a homogeneous reaction enables the effective elimination of phase interfaces in multiphase reactions, accelerates the reaction rate and simplifies subsequent separation.

[0019] Regulation of the solvent properties: By selectively adjusting pressure or temperature, the density, polarity and solubility of the subcritical fluid can be fine-tuned, thereby influencing the reaction pathway and improving selectivity and conversion rate.

[0020] The lateral arrangement of two parallel subcritical reactors means that they are positioned transversely to each other and can be either welded or bolted to both sides of the support frame to achieve a compact layout. The support frame is positioned between the reactors, so that the supporting structure is located in the horizontal gap between the two reactors – for example, a steel girder frame to support the pretreatment system. The pretreatment system is connected to the feed tank via piping, with the material transport channel closed by metal or pressure-resistant plastic pipes, for example, using flanges or clamps. The agitator is connected to the filter via a flange, allowing the filter unit to be detachably mounted on top of the agitator, for example, with an annular flange and a sealing ring.The pressure feed unit consists of a corrugated tube connected to a pressure plate, with the stainless steel corrugated tube compensating for deformations caused by material pressure. A lever element moves the pressure plate vertically. A mechanical transmission unit controls the movement of the pressure plate—for example, via a rack and pinion or ball bearing drive unit—to generate up and down movements.

[0021] Specifically, organic waste enters the feed hopper via the feed line. A lifting element drives the pressure plate downwards, causing the corrugated tube to contract and force the material into the filter. After the impurities are separated, the material enters the mixing tank, where it is processed into a powder that is transported via pipelines to the reactor. The opening of the pressure plate is controlled by a solenoid valve to prevent clogging. The pretreatment system is integrated into a carrier housing, thus reducing the number of individual units. The laterally positioned reactors shorten the material transport distance and therefore lower energy consumption.

[0022] Compared to existing technologies, conventional systems require separate pretreatment units, and the feeding system is prone to blockages. The present solution integrates the pretreatment unit into a single support structure, thereby reducing the system's footprint. The combination of a pressure feeder and filter effectively removes contaminants such as metal and stones, thus preventing pipe blockages. The left-right arrangement of the reactors optimizes space utilization and shortens the material transport path.

[0023] The technical solutions described above simplify the pretreatment process for organic waste and reduce plant complexity. The combination of extrusion feeding and filtration improves adaptability to materials containing impurities and reduces the frequency of downtime for cleaning. The integrated design of the pretreatment mechanism and reactor increases space utilization and improves the stability of continuous system operation.

[0024] See further Fig. and Fig. In one embodiment of the present invention, the two subcritical reactors 1 are connected at their upper side by an inlet pipe 11 and an outlet pipe 12, while the two parallel subcritical reactors 1 are connected at their lower side by a discharge pipe 13. An inlet valve is provided in the inlet pipe 11, an outlet valve in the outlet pipe 12, and a discharge valve in the discharge pipe 13.

[0025] The inlet pipe directs the gas medium into the reactor and can be made of high-temperature and high-pressure resistant stainless steel tubing. After connection to the external gas source, the gas flow is controlled by an inlet valve. The outlet pipe serves to vent the gaseous products from the reactor and can be connected to an exhaust gas treatment system via a flange connection; the outlet valve regulates the exhaust gas pressure. The discharge pipe is the outlet for solid or liquid products at the bottom of the reactor and can have a conical pipe structure with an incline; the discharge valve controls the material discharge rate. The inlet, outlet, and discharge valves are all corrosion-resistant, high-pressure valves that can utilize either electrically controlled control valves or pneumatic ball valves for precise flow control.

[0026] Specifically, during the treatment of organic waste, hot steam or reaction gas is continuously fed into the reactor via the inlet line. The pressure in the reaction environment can be precisely controlled by adjusting the opening of the inlet valve. After the reaction is complete, the exhaust valve opens gradually to achieve a stepwise pressure drop, thus preventing damage to the system from sudden pressure losses. The vent valve at the bottom of the discharge line opens intermittently, allowing the hydrolysis products to be removed at the specified rate while simultaneously preventing blockages in the pipeline. All valves are synchronously controlled by an independent control system to ensure that the pressure and temperature in the reactor always remain within the specified limits.

[0027] Compared to existing technologies, conventional systems for transferring multiphase materials typically use a single pipeline and lack separate channels for gas supply, exhaust gas generation, and the discharge of solid and liquid products. This results in insufficient precision in controlling reaction conditions. The present solution, through separate inlet, exhaust gas, and discharge lines, as well as specialized valves, enables physical separation between the supply of gaseous media, exhaust gas generation, and the discharge of solid products, thus effectively preventing cross-contamination of different phases during transport.

[0028] Through the technical solutions described above, this application solves the problem of pipe blockages in the processing of complex organic waste caused by the mixing of media, thus reducing the frequency of equipment maintenance. The independently controlled valve system improves pressure regulation in the reactor and prevents pressure fluctuations from affecting the efficiency of the hydrolysis reaction. The separate piping system shortens the material transport path, increases the efficiency of solid product discharge, and simultaneously reduces the load on the exhaust gas treatment system.

[0029] See further Fig. , Fig. until Fig. In one embodiment of the present invention, a stirring shaft (not shown) is arranged in the stirring vessel 52, and a first motor 55 is provided on the side wall of the stirring vessel 52, which drives the stirring shaft.

[0030] The agitator shaft refers to a rotating shaft body with agitator blades, typically made of stainless steel and equipped with spiral-shaped blades. It serves to mechanically mix the organic waste introduced into the mixing chamber, thus preventing material accumulation or stratification.

[0031] The first motor refers to the drive device that powers the agitator shaft. A frequency converter motor can be used for this purpose, which allows the speed to be adjusted to different viscosities of the powder mixture, thus ensuring stable coordination between the agitation process and the subsequent processing steps.

[0032] More precisely, organic waste is fed into the mixing vessel via an extrusion feeder. A primary motor drives the mixing shaft at a preset speed, creating a vortex within the vessel. The mixing blades cut and reverse the material, reducing the size of the solid particles and ensuring complete contact with the liquid, resulting in a homogeneous powder solution. This powder solution is then conveyed directly via pipelines to two parallel subcritical reactors, thus avoiding the system complexity inherent in conventional pretreatment processes, which require additional equipment such as shredders or homogenization tanks.

[0033] Compared to existing technologies, conventional pretreatment systems rely on multi-stage equipment for grinding and mixing materials, which not only requires a large amount of space but also carries the risk of fiber entanglement within the equipment. The present solution integrates a stirring shaft with a drive motor, thus enabling the simultaneous grinding, mixing, and production of powder blend solutions in a single vessel. This simplifies the system design and reduces the likelihood of blockages.

[0034] The technical solutions described above ensure continuous and efficient mixing of organic waste during the pretreatment phase, guaranteeing that the homogeneity of the powder solution meets the requirements of the subsequent hydrolysis reactions. The combined operation of the agitator shaft and motor effectively prevents long-fiber materials from becoming entangled around the system, reduces the frequency of downtime for cleaning, and thus increases the continuous operational capability of the processing system.

[0035] See further Fig. , Fig. , Fig. , Fig. , Fig. until Fig. In one embodiment of the present invention, the lifting element 7 comprises a curved container body 71, which is arranged on both the left and right side faces of the feed container 61. Annular positioning grooves 72 are provided on both side faces of the feed container 61. The upper and lower surfaces of the pressure plate 64 are each connected to an annular positioning plate 73, which is recessed in the annular positioning grooves 72. Expansion elements 74 are provided at the left and right ends of the pressure plate 64, respectively, and are housed within the curved container body 71. Fastening elements 75 are attached to the upper and lower ends of the left and right side faces of the feed container 61, through which a lifting forearm 76 passes continuously. The expansion elements 74 are fixedly attached to the lifting forearm 76.A first rack 77 is attached to the outer side surface of the lower part of the lifting bar 76. A support tube 78, into which several parts of an adjustable air cylinder 79 are installed, is located at the lower edge of the outer side of the curved housing 71. A thrust block 8 is attached to the end of the adjusting rod of the air cylinder 79, the inside of which has a drive rod 81. A second rack 82 is attached to the top of the drive rod 81 and is connected to a first gear 83. The first gear 83 is connected via a pivot shaft 84 to a second gear 85, which is engaged with the first rack 82.

[0036] The curved housing body is a semi-enclosed structure that surrounds the sides of the feed chamber. It can be manufactured from stainless steel using a stamping process and serves to house the expansion pieces and restrict their movement to prevent displacement during the lifting process of the pressure plate. The annular limiting joint and the annular limiting plate form a sliding joint, which is implemented, for example, by a combination of an annular recess and a flange, to ensure stable movement of the pressure plate only in the vertical direction. The expansion pieces are block-shaped elements that project outwards from both sides of the pressure plate and are attached to the lifting bar by welding or bolting to transmit the linear movement of the lifting bar to the pressure plate.The coupling between the first rack and the second gear – for example, by means of a helical or straight gear arrangement – ​​converts the horizontal movement of the drive rod into a vertical movement of the lifting bar. A multi-stage shrink cylinder is a pneumatic device with several piston rods, designed, for example, as a double cylinder, which enables the horizontal alternating movement of the sliding blade by regulating the air pressure.

[0037] More precisely, the expansion rod of the multi-stage expansion cylinder moves horizontally during startup, driving the thrust block and thereby synchronously moving the drive rod. The second rack on the drive rod rotates the first gear, which in turn drives the second gear via a shaft. The second gear engages the first rack on the lifting bar, causing it to move vertically. The expansion element moves synchronously with the lifting bar, moving the pressure plate up and down within the shaft tube. The annular limit plate slides in the annular limit groove, thus limiting the movement of the pressure plate. When the pressure plate is pressed downwards, the shaft tube contracts, forcing the material through the opening into the filter. When the pressure plate is lifted, the shaft tube expands, creating negative pressure that releases the material.An electromagnetic valve controls the opening to ensure a continuous supply.

[0038] Compared to existing technologies, conventional feeding devices typically rely on single-sided screw conveyors or hydraulic impact devices, which can easily lead to fiber entanglement of mechanical components and prevent the handling of hard contaminants that cause instability. The present solution utilizes a curved housing body that encloses an expansion block, forming a guide channel, combined with an annular limiting pit and a limiting plate, providing dual stabilization. This allows the press plate to move stably up and down even in material environments containing contaminants. The gear-slide joint transmission system replaces conventional chain or belt drives, thus eliminating the risk of slippage. Furthermore, the linear drive with multi-stage adjustable cylinders is better suited than a rotary motor for high-pressure, tight-sealing environments.

[0039] The technical solution described above effectively solves the problem of movement disturbances of the extrusion plate during the transport of contaminated organic waste. The elastic extensibility of the corrugated tube allows it to adapt to fibers and hard particles contained in the material. The gear-slide joint transmission system ensures stable power output even under high-pressure conditions. The ring-shaped positioning structure ensures precise vertical movement of the extrusion plate, thereby improving the continuity of material transport and reducing the frequency of system maintenance.

[0040] Also included is a steam generator, which is connected to the feed tank and serves to supply high-temperature steam to two parallel subcritical reactors.

[0041] A steam generator is a system capable of producing high-temperature, high-pressure steam. Electric or gas-fired steam generators can be used. The generated steam temperature typically ranges from 200 to 400 °C, and the pressure from 1.5 to 3.0 MPa. The steam generator is connected to the feed hopper via piping and serves to preheat or assist in conveying the material before it enters the reactor.

[0042] The connection of the supply tank means that the outlet of the steam generator is connected to the steam inlet of the supply tank via a flanged or welded connection. Heat-resistant metallic corrugated pipes or high-pressure seals, for example, can be used for this connection to prevent leaks during steam transport.

[0043] More precisely, the high-temperature steam output from the steam generator is piped into the feed basket and mixed there with the organic waste to be processed. The heat of the steam preheats the materials before they enter the reactor—for example, raising the temperature to 80–120 °C. Simultaneously, the steam pressure assists in conveying the highly viscous powder mass through the transport pipes. During operation of the two subcritical reactors, the steam generator continuously supplies hot steam: In the initial phase, the steam rapidly raises the reactor temperature to the predetermined threshold, while during the reaction process, the steam lost due to pressure fluctuations is recaptured.

[0044] Compared to existing technologies, conventional systems rely on external heat sources to heat the reactor, resulting in slow heating rates and high energy consumption. The present solution integrates the steam generator directly into the feed system, enabling heat exchange during material feeding and thus reducing the time it takes for the reactor to reach operating temperature. Furthermore, the steam supply reduces the viscosity of materials with a high solids content – ​​for example, it increases the flowability of slurry made from animal and poultry manure with a solids content of 20-30% by 30-50%, thereby reducing the risk of pipe blockages.

[0045] Through the technical solutions described above, the present application enables the multi-stage use of thermal energy in the treatment of organic waste. Steam serves both as a heat transfer medium to accelerate the temperature increase in the reactor and as a carrier medium to improve material transport properties, while simultaneously avoiding the complexity of the systems and the energy losses associated with independent heating systems. For example, steam preheating in the treatment of chicken manure can reduce the reactor start-up time from 40-60 minutes with conventional methods to 20-30 minutes, while steam-assisted transport increases feeding efficiency by approximately 25%.

[0046] See further Fig. and Fig.In one embodiment of the present invention, the support frame 4 comprises a support plate 41 and support legs 42. The support legs 42 are arranged along the lower surface of the support plate 41 and are located between the two subcritical reactors 1. Boundary plates 43 are attached to the left and right ends of the upper surface of the support plate 41. The stirring chamber 52 is positioned between these boundary plates 43 and is connected to the two parallel-connected subcritical reactors 1 via a pipe 51.

[0047] The support plate forms the basic structure for the pretreatment plant and can, for example, consist of rectangular steel plates with a thickness of 20 to 50 mm. It is secured between the reactors by support legs to save space.

[0048] The support legs are vertical load-bearing elements, consisting, for example, of four cylindrical steel rods welded to the four corners of the support plate. With a diameter of approximately 100 to 200 mm, they serve to distribute the load and increase structural stability.

[0049] The limit plate is a horizontal stabilizing element, consisting, for example, of two symmetrically welded L-shaped steel plates on both sides of the support plate and having a height of approximately 300 to 500 mm. It serves to restrict the horizontal movement of the mixing vessel and thus prevent vibrations and displacement.

[0050] The connection between the mixing tank and the reactor via pipelines forms the material transport channel. High-pressure stainless steel pipes with an inner diameter of approximately 50 to 100 mm are suitable for this purpose. The tight connection via flanged fittings ensures continuous conveying of the suspension.

[0051] More precisely, the support plate is secured by four support legs in the intermediate zone between two parallel subcritical reactors, so that the pretreatment system is located directly above the two reactors. The stirred tank is enclosed in the central area of ​​the support plate by a boundary plate, with the lower outlet opening connected to the feed pipe of each reactor via a branch line. Once the pretreated suspension enters the stirred tank, the boundary plate prevents the tank from shifting due to vibrations, while the support legs transfer the load to the floor, thus preventing deformation of the support plate. The suspension is distributed evenly to the two reactors via pipelines to ensure uniform material distribution and continuous treatment.

[0052] Compared to existing technologies, conventional systems for the pretreatment unit and the reactor typically use separate support frames, resulting in a cluttered equipment layout and complex pipe connections. The present solution integrates the support legs directly into the space between the two reactors, combining the pretreatment unit and reactor into a compact unit and reducing the footprint. The boundary plate directly determines the position of the stirred tank, eliminating the need for frequent adjustments required with conventional bolted fixings and simultaneously reducing the risk of pipe leaks due to equipment shifts.

[0053] The described technical solution effectively solves the problem of low space utilization caused by the disordered arrangement of the pretreatment mechanism and the reactor. The combined action of the support legs and the boundary plates ensures stable plant operation, while the short, direct connection of the pipelines reduces material transport resistance. Furthermore, the overall structure is optimally designed to meet the requirements of continuous industrial production.

[0054] With the described technical solution, the present application solves the problems of existing processes—such as a complex pretreatment system, high susceptibility to clogging, and intermittent processing—and enables simplified processing of organic waste as well as stable operation. The combination of extrusion feeding and multi-stage filtration ensures the smooth transport of contaminated materials and avoids maintenance downtime. The use of supercritical or subcritical water increases the efficiency of organic compound decomposition. Furthermore, the hydrolysis product is converted into directly usable organic fertilizer via centrifugation, thus achieving resource utilization and recovery.

[0055] The examples mentioned above represent only preferred embodiments of the present invention. All uniform changes and modifications made within the scope of the patent also fall within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0056] It should be noted that the terms "including," "contains," or their variants in this text signify non-exclusive inclusion. This means that a process, method, object, or device comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements but also elements not explicitly listed or inherent to that process, method, object, or device.

[0057] Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention have already been presented and described, a person skilled in the art can make numerous changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of these examples without abandoning the principles and spirit of the invention.

[0058] The foregoing description of the present invention and its embodiments is not restrictive. The embodiments shown in the drawings represent only one variant of the invention; the actual structure is not limited to them. In summary: If a person skilled in the art, taking into account this description and without abandoning the purpose of the invention, develops a structural solution and embodiments similar to the present technical solution without introducing any creative innovations, these shall also fall within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

[1] A device for treating organic waste by subcritical water pyrolysis, characterized byTwo subcritical reactors are connected in parallel, each with its upper surface connected to a feed opening that directs the organic waste material into the reactors. The two reactors are positioned to the left and right, with a support structure between them. The top of this structure features a pretreatment unit connected to the feed opening via piping. The pretreatment unit includes a stirred chamber whose upper surface is connected to a filter via a flange. A pressure feeder containing a feed chamber is located on top of the filter. The upper surface of the feed chamber is connected to a feed pipe, the lower part of which is connected to a corrugated pipe located inside the feed chamber. A pressure plate is attached to the end of the corrugated pipe, featuring an opening corresponding to the outlet of the corrugated pipe. A solenoid valve is installed in this opening.A lifting device is attached to the outside of the feed chamber, which can move the pressure plate vertically. [2] Device for treating organic waste by subcritical water pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized by , that an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe are attached to the top of the subcritical reactor, a discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the two subcritical reactors, an inlet valve is provided in the inlet pipe, an outlet valve is provided in the outlet pipe and a discharge valve is provided in the discharge pipe. [3] Device for treating organic waste by subcritical water pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized by , that a stirring axle is provided in the stirring vessel and a first motor is arranged on the side wall of the stirring vessel, which drives the stirring axle. [4] Device for treating organic waste by subcritical water pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized byThe lifting element comprises a curved container body arranged on the left and right sides of the feed container. These sides feature annular positioning grooves. The upper and lower surfaces of the pressure plate are each connected to an annular positioning plate recessed in the corresponding positioning grooves. Expansion pieces, embedded in the curved container body, are attached to the left and right ends of the pressure plate, facing outwards. Retaining blocks are mounted on the upper and lower sides of the feed side of the container, through which a lifting forearm passes. The expansion pieces are rigidly attached to the lifting forearm. A first rack is mounted on the outer upper surface of the lower part of the lifting forearm. A support tube is mounted on the lower outer edge of the curved container body. Several partially switchable extension cylinders are installed on the support roller.At the end of the extension rods of these cylinders is a thrust block, the inside of which carries a connecting rod. A second rack is mounted on the top of this connecting rod, which is connected to a first gear. This first gear is connected via a pivot shaft to a second gear, which meshes with the first rack in a toothed spring. [5] Device for treating organic waste by subcritical water pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized by , that it includes a steam generator connected to the feed tank and serves to supply high-temperature steam to two subcritical reactors connected in parallel. [6] Device for treating organic waste by subcritical water pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized byThe support frame consists of a support plate and support legs, the support legs being arranged around the lower surface of the support plate and positioned between the two subcritical reactors. Limit plates are attached to the upper left and right ends of the support plate, between which the agitator chamber is located, connected to the two parallel-connected subcritical reactors via piping.

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