HANDLE UNIT FOR A VEHICLE, OPENING PART WITH AN ELECTRICAL AND A MECHANICAL OPENING MECHANISM, AND METHOD FOR OPERATING A HANDLE UNIT

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a handle unit for a vehicle, an opening part with an electrical and a mechanical opening mechanism, and a method for operating a handle unit for opening an opening part of a vehicle in the event of a defect in an electrical opening function.

[0002] Electric opening mechanisms for vehicle doors are known from the state of the art. In this case, a vehicle door is unlocked and / or opened automatically by the electric opening mechanism.

[0003] To allow access to the vehicle in the event of a faulty electrical opening mechanism, e.g., due to a vehicle accident, additional mechanical opening mechanisms are often provided. These can be manually operated in the event of a faulty electrical opening mechanism. For example, a mechanical opening mechanism can be operated by emergency personnel. For example, DE 10 2017 123 258 A1 discloses a door handle in which, to activate a mechanical opening mechanism, a counterforce must be overcome by depressing a spring. To finally return the door handle to its original position, the spring must be depressed again.

[0004] In addition to being used in the event of an accident, the mechanical opening mechanism can often also be activated in the event of another defect, such as a temporary malfunction in the control system of the electric opening mechanism. If a significant amount of force is required by the user to return the handle or if a return spring is subject to excessive force, this can cause irritation and / or a loss of comfort for the user. In the worst case, the handle may also remain locked in its actuated position, particularly due to the high return force required, making it impossible to close the vehicle door.

[0005] It is an object of the present invention to at least partially remedy the above-mentioned disadvantages known from the prior art. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to improve an emergency opening option for an opening part of a vehicle, preferably by simplifying the resetting of the handle, and to increase safety.

[0006] The above object is achieved by a handle unit having the features of claim 1, an opening part having the features of claim 14, and a method having the features of claim 15. Further features and details of the invention emerge from the respective subclaims, the description, and the drawings. Features and details described in connection with the handle unit according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the opening part according to the invention and / or the method according to the invention, and vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention, reference is always made to each other.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the invention, a handle unit for a vehicle is provided. The handle unit has a handle for opening an opening part of the vehicle, which handle is movable at least between an actuating position for activating an electrical opening function for opening the opening part and an emergency opening position for mechanically opening the opening part. Furthermore, the handle unit comprises a rotating element, which is designed for rotation (also referred to as pivoting) about a preferably rotational axis or pivoting path when the handle is moved from the actuating position to the emergency opening position. Consequently, the rotating element can also perform a pivoting movement along a pivoting arc. Furthermore, the handle unit has a counterforce element for exerting a counterforce on the rotating element when the handle is moved from the actuating position to the emergency opening position.The rotary element and the counterforce element form a contact pair having at least one contact region that can be brought into a resistance position in which the counterforce can be exerted by the counterforce element on the rotary element. Furthermore, the contact region can be brought into a release position in which the counterforce element can be overcome when the handle is moved from the actuated position into the emergency opening position. Furthermore, it can be provided that the counterforce element has a movable bearing for moving the counterforce element in at least one return direction, whereby the counterforce element can be overcome by the rotary element when the handle is moved back from the emergency opening position, in particular into the actuated position and / or a rest position, in particular while the contact region is in the resistance position.

[0008] For mechanically opening the opening part, the handle can be connected to a Bowden cable, by means of which a mechanical opening mechanism can be actuated. For example, the handle and / or the rotating element can have a fastening interface for connection to a Bowden cable. To activate the opening function, the handle, particularly in the actuated position, can be or can be operatively connected to an electrical actuating element, e.g. in the form of a microswitch or a proximity sensor. In the actuated position, the actuating element can be actuated or actuable. It can be provided that an electrical switch of the actuating element is closed when the handle is in the actuated position. However, it is also conceivable for a proximity sensor to be activated when the handle is in the actuated position and the user approaches.The handle can be a pull handle and / or a folding handle.

[0009] The rotation axis is, in particular, a geometric axis. The pivoting path can be realized by an arcuate guide to generate a pivoting movement of the rotation element. The rotation element can, for example, comprise a mass counterweight. Preferably, the rotation element is connected to the handle, in particular integrally. However, it is also conceivable for the rotation element to be operatively connected to the handle via a gear, for example in the form of a lever mechanism, in order to rotate about the rotation axis when the handle is moved from the actuating position to the emergency opening position. The rotation element can be mounted on a handle support of the handle unit. For example, the handle unit can be fastened to the opening part by the handle support.

[0010] The counterforce can in particular counteract an actuating force which preferably acts on the rotating element as a function of the actuation of the handle. In this case, the counterforce can be exerted on the rotating element by the counterforce element at least in one movement section of the rotating element and / or the handle when the handle is moved from the actuating position into the emergency opening position. The contact region is in particular designed to transmit force between the counterforce element and the rotating element. The contact pair can in particular be designed to produce a force-locking and / or positive-locking connection in at least one movement section when the handle is moved from the actuating position into the emergency opening position. The contact pair comprises the contact region and preferably a counter-contact region. For example.The contact area can be formed on the counterforce element and the counterforce area on the rotation element, or vice versa. However, it is also conceivable for both the counterforce element and the rotation element to each have a contact area that can be adjusted between a resistance position and a release position.

[0011] The counterforce element can advantageously be designed as a lever. The bearing allows the counterforce element to be mounted, for example, on the handle carrier, in particular to apply the counterforce. The bearing of the counterforce element can be designed for translational and / or rotational support of the counterforce element. For example, the bearing can comprise a plain bearing and / or a rolling element bearing.

[0012] Between the resistance position and the release position, the contact area can move and / or change its external shape. It can be provided that the contact area is preloaded into the resistance position, so that when the handle is moved from the actuating position to the emergency opening position, the contact area is brought into the release position and automatically returns to the resistance position when the counterforce element and the rotation element are released from each other, i.e., in particular, when the force-locking and / or positive connection of the contact pair is released.

[0013] Thanks to the movable bearing, the counterforce element can thus avoid the rotating element when the handle is moved back. As a result, the counterforce element exerts only a reduced counterforce on the rotating element when the handle is moved back from the emergency opening position. This means, for example, that a return unit of the handle can be smaller, which can also improve the haptics when moving the handle from the actuated position to the emergency opening position, since the actuating force counteracts a lower return force. If the handle is moved back manually, the manual return force can be reduced. The counterforce element can be loaded along an actuating direction when the handle is moved into the emergency opening position, with the return direction being oriented in particular opposite to the actuating direction.This improves the emergency opening option of the opening part by simplifying the handle's retraction. This reduces the loss of comfort in the event of a malfunction in the electric opening mechanism by smoothing the force curve when moving the handle back from the emergency opening position. Furthermore, this ensures that the handle does not remain in its emergency opening position, thus improving safety.

[0014] Furthermore, in a handle unit according to the invention, it is conceivable for a pivot bearing of the rotation element and the bearing of the counterforce element to have a bearing spacing from one another, by means of which the counterforce element and the rotation element contact one another in a first movement section when the handle is moved back from the emergency opening position and are released from one another in a second movement section. The pivot bearing is designed in particular to rotatably support the rotation element about the axis of rotation. The bearing spacing enables the first and second movement sections. For example, when moving the handle between the emergency opening position and the actuating position and / or vice versa, the rotation element and the counterforce element can each execute at least partially circular movements which overlap in the first movement section. In the second movement section, the circular movements can run separately from one another.In particular, the force-locking and / or positive connection between the rotation element and the counterforce element is eliminated in the second movement section. The bearing distance can be constant, e.g., if the pivot bearing and the movable bearing are firmly attached to the handle carrier. However, it is also conceivable for the bearing distance to change when the handle is moved. For example, the movable bearing can be guided in a slotted guide, whereby the bearing distance can change when the handle is moved and / or retracted. The first movement section is defined in particular by the bearing distance and a length of the rotation element and a length of the counterforce element. Thus, the retraction of the handle can be cleverly adjusted or set for the movement sequence.

[0015] Within the scope of the invention, it is further conceivable for the contact area to be deformable, so that the counterforce element can be overcome by the rotation element when the handle is moved from the actuating position to the emergency opening position through a deformation of the contact area. The contact area can, for example, be pressed down to overcome the counterforce. Furthermore, it is conceivable for the contact area to be compressed at least in part to reach the release position. The deformation can create freedom of movement for a mating contact area of ​​the contact pair, so that the mating contact area can pass through the contact area.

[0016] It is further conceivable in a handle unit according to the invention that the contact region is designed to be elastic for the, in particular automatic, return movement of the contact region from the release position to the resistance position. Preferably, the contact region is elastically deformable in order to be brought from the resistance position into the release position. Thus, the contact region can restore its original shape during the return movement from the release position to the resistance position. The automatic return movement can occur in particular after the counterforce and / or the counterforce element has been overcome by the rotation element. It can be provided that the contact region has a deformable shape. For example, the contact region can comprise a metal, preferably in the form of a metal sheet. However, it is also conceivable for the contact region to comprise a plastic, in particular a soft component and / or a foam.Because the contact area itself is elastic, an additional return spring for the return movement can be omitted. Additionally or alternatively, the contact area can be movable and preloaded or preloaded into the resistance position by an elastic element.

[0017] Furthermore, in a handle unit according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the contact area comprises a spring, in particular in the form of a leaf spring. The contact area can preferably be formed by the spring. For example, the counterforce element can have a rigid counterforce body on which the spring and the movable bearing are arranged. The spring represents, in particular, a cost-effective component. Furthermore, a force curve of the counterforce when moving the handle can be defined or definable by the spring. By adjusting the spring force of the spring, the counterforce can thus be adapted for a comfortable feel.

[0018] Furthermore, in a handle unit according to the invention, it is conceivable for the contact region to have a first end, at which the contact region is fastened to the rotating element and / or the counterforce element, and a second end which is unfastened to overcome the contact region when moving the handle from the actuating position to the emergency opening position. Because the contact region is only fixed at the first end, a floating and / or sliding bearing of the second end can be realized. The second end can thus be movable while the first end is fixed. It can be provided that the second end rests loosely on a rotating body of the rotating element or on a counterforce body of the counterforce element and is guided by the rotating body or the counterforce body when the contact region is brought from the resistance position to the release position and / or vice versa.This allows the contact area at the second end to exhibit freedom of movement, which promotes elastic deformation of the contact area. The contact area can thus at least partially deflect into the release position, allowing the adjustment path of the contact area to be extended without causing any, particularly significant, plastic deformation of the contact area.

[0019] It is further conceivable in a handle unit according to the invention for the contact pair to have a, in particular rigid, mating contact area for contacting the contact area in the resistance position, preferably wherein the mating contact area comprises a control contour for changing a force curve of the counterforce when moving the handle from the actuating position to the emergency opening position. The control contour can, for example, define a contact point when moving the handle from the actuating position to the emergency opening position. Furthermore, the force curve can be adjustable by the control curve for a haptic effect of the user when moving the handle from the actuating position to the emergency opening position. For example, the control curve can comprise a steep rise in order to apply the counterforce.

[0020] Furthermore, in a handle unit according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the counter-contact area and / or the contact area has a control cam for increasing the counterforce when moving the handle from the actuated position to the emergency opening position. For example, the control contour can comprise a circular arc-shaped section from which the control cam protrudes. The control cam can depress the contact area to move the contact area from the resistance position to the release position. After the control cam has passed the contact area, the contact area can return to the resistance position, in particular spring back.

[0021] Preferably, in a handle unit according to the invention, it can be provided that the movable mounting of the counterforce element is designed to rotatably mount the counterforce element about a bearing axis parallel to the rotation axis. The bearing axis is preferably a geometric axis. Thus, the contact region and the counter-contact region can move at least partially on circular paths. Preferably, the contact pair has an overlapping movement section in which the counterforce is generated. In the areas in which the circular paths do not overlap, the contact of the contact pair can be canceled. This allows advantageous kinematics for a temporary counterforce to be realized when moving the handle from the actuated position to the rest position.

[0022] Furthermore, in a handle unit according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that a blocking element is provided which is designed to block the counterforce element, i.e. in particular a movement of the counterforce element, in an actuating direction opposite the return direction, in particular wherein the counterforce element is designed to rest on the blocking element when the handle is moved from the actuating position into the emergency opening position. The actuating direction can in particular also be referred to as the loading direction. The return direction can be oriented such that the counterforce element moves away from the blocking element when moving along the return direction. The blocking element can, for example, be fastened to the handle carrier of the handle unit and / or integrated into the handle carrier of the handle unit.The counterforce element can be a resistance in the form of a mechanical stop. The blocking element limits movement of the counterforce element in the return direction, allowing the counterforce to be applied as a support force. This leads, for example, to the contact area being deformed if the handle is moved further against the counterforce. Because the blocking element only acts in the return direction, the counterforce element can avoid the rotating element when the handle is returned from the emergency opening position to the actuating position.

[0023] Preferably, a handle unit according to the invention can be provided with a pretensioning unit for pretensioning the counterforce element in the actuating direction. The pretensioning unit can comprise a spring, preferably in the form of a torsion spring, for pretensioning the counterforce element about the bearing axis. Thus, the counterforce element is pressed in particular onto the blocking element. When the handle is returned from the emergency opening position to the actuating position, the pretensioning unit thus preferably counteracts the movement of the handle. It can be provided that the pretensioning unit has a low spring force when the counterforce element is not exposed to any further external forces, particularly during the second movement section. The pretensioning unit enables the counterforce element to return to the blocking element after the counterforce element has evaded the rotation element.This allows the emergency opening process to be repeated, in particular without the need for maintenance of the handle unit.

[0024] Within the scope of the invention, it is further conceivable for the handle to be able to be brought into an unactuated rest position, wherein the handle can be moved from the rest position via the actuated position into the emergency opening position. For example, the actuating element can be actuated by moving the handle from the rest position into the actuated position. It can be provided that the movement of the handle from the rest position to the actuated position takes place along a short stroke, in particular of approximately or exactly 4° around a handle axis. The handle axis can advantageously be the axis of rotation of the rotating element or another axis parallel to the axis of rotation. It can be provided that the handle, in the rest position, is flush, in particular completely flush, with an outer surface of the opening part. This can improve the appearance and / or aerodynamics of the opening part with the handle.By moving the device from the rest position to the actuated position, the user can actuate the electrical opening mechanism during normal operation. The counterforce provides the user with haptic feedback, particularly regarding the actuation of the electrical opening mechanism. If the electrical opening mechanism fails to respond due to a malfunction, the user can apply the counterforce to actuate the mechanical opening mechanism.

[0025] Within the scope of the invention, it is further conceivable to provide a reset unit for pre-tensioning the handle into the rest position and / or the actuated position. The reset unit can comprise a spring, in particular in the form of a torsion spring. The reset unit can preferably apply a greater spring force and / or a greater restoring moment than the pre-tensioning unit. As a result, the handle can be brought into the rest position and / or the actuated position in a simple manner. As a result, the original functional state of the handle unit is restored even after an emergency opening, which, for example, can enable continued operation of the vehicle. Furthermore, improved comfort can be achieved, particularly with a folding handle, which a user would otherwise have to free from the emergency opening position with great effort.

[0026] According to a further aspect of the invention, an opening part is provided. The opening part has an electrical opening mechanism for an electrical opening function of the opening part and a mechanical opening mechanism for mechanically opening the opening part. Furthermore, the opening part comprises a handle unit according to the invention.

[0027] Thus, an opening part according to the invention brings with it the same advantages as have already been described in detail with reference to a handle unit according to the invention. The opening part can be, for example, a door and / or a hatch of the vehicle. The vehicle can be, for example, a motor vehicle and / or an aircraft. The mechanical opening mechanism can, for example, comprise a mechanical transmission element, such as a Bowden cable, for actuating a locking unit for locking and / or unlocking the opening part. The electrical opening mechanism can have an electrical actuating element, e.g. in the form of a microswitch, a proximity sensor and / or a touch sensor. Furthermore, the electrical opening mechanism can comprise a servomotor for actuating the locking unit for locking and / or unlocking the opening part.Furthermore, it is conceivable for the electric opening mechanism to have an actuator for an automatic opening and / or closing movement of the opening part. Furthermore, the opening part can have a control unit for an authentication process for authenticating a user, e.g., using an ID transmitter.

[0028] According to a further aspect of the invention, a method for operating a handle unit according to the invention for opening an opening part of a vehicle in the event of a defect in an electrical opening function is provided. The method comprises the following steps: Moving a handle of the handle unit from an actuating position for activating the electrical opening function into an emergency opening position for mechanically opening the opening part, wherein when moving the handle from the actuating position into the emergency opening position, a counterforce is overcome by bringing a contact area from a resistance position, in which a counterforce can be exerted by a counterforce element of the handle unit on a rotation element of the handle unit, into a release position, Moving the handle back from the emergency opening position, in particular into the actuating position and / or a rest position, wherein the counterforce element is moved in at least one return direction, so that the rotation element overcomes the counterforce element, in particular while the contact area is in the resistance position.

[0029] Thus, a method according to the invention brings with it the same advantages as have already been described in detail with reference to a handle unit according to the invention and / or an opening part according to the invention. It can be provided that the counterforce is applied directly in the actuating position and / or in a subsequent movement section between the actuating position and the emergency opening position. The return movement of the handle can preferably take place automatically. It can further be provided that, before the handle is moved from the actuating position to the emergency opening position, the handle is moved from a rest position to the actuating position, in particular by pivoting the handle by approximately or exactly 4°.

[0030] Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description, in which embodiments of the invention are described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0031] The invention is shown schematically in: Figure 1 shows a structure of a handle unit according to the invention on an opening part according to the invention, Figure 2 shows a vehicle with the opening part, Figures 3a-e show a movement sequence of a rotation element and a counterforce element of the handle unit when moving a handle from a rest position to an emergency opening position and vice versa, Figure 4 shows a method according to the invention for operating the handle unit in a schematic representation of method steps, and Figure 5 shows a force curve during the movement sequence.

[0032] In the following description of some embodiments of the invention, the same reference numerals are used for the same technical features even in different embodiments.

[0033] Figure 1 shows a handle unit 10 according to the invention for a vehicle 1 in a first exemplary embodiment. The handle unit 10 is arranged on an opening part 2 according to the invention. As in Figure 2As shown, the opening part 2 is, for example, a vehicle door of the vehicle 1. The opening part 2 comprises an electrical opening mechanism 3 for an electrical opening function and a mechanical opening mechanism 4 for mechanically opening the opening part 2. The electrical opening mechanism 3 and the mechanical opening mechanism 4 are also operatively connected to a locking unit 5 for locking and / or unlocking the opening part 2. For this purpose, the mechanical opening mechanism 4 has, in particular, a mechanical transmission element, such as a Bowden cable, for actuating the locking unit 5. The electrical opening mechanism 3 can have an electrical actuating element, e.g. in the form of a microswitch, a proximity sensor and / or a touch sensor, whereby an electrical actuator for actuating the locking unit 5 can be controlled.

[0034] The handle unit 10 further comprises a handle 11 for opening the opening part 2 of the vehicle 1. As in Figure 1 As shown, the handle 11 may be a pull handle. However, it is also conceivable that the handle 11 is a folding handle. The handle 11 is located in Figure 1in an unactuated rest position 11.1, in which the handle 11 rests against an outer surface of the opening part 2. In particular, if the handle 11 is a folding handle, the handle 11 can be flush with the outer surface. From the rest position 11.1, the handle 11 can also be moved into an actuated position 11.2 for activating the electrical opening function via the electrical opening mechanism 3 and into an emergency opening position 11.3 for mechanically opening the opening part 2 via the mechanical opening mechanism 4. The emergency opening position 11.3 serves to enable a user to mechanically open the opening part 2 if the electrical opening mechanism 3 malfunctions. The emergency opening position 11.3 can in particular only be reached via the actuated position 11.2. Due to the mobility of the handle 11 from the rest position 11.1 to the actuated position 11.2, it can be realized that a user gains access to the vehicle 1, in particular only depending on manual operation. In this case, the electric opening mechanism 3 can advantageously comprise a microswitch, which is activated when the actuating position 11.2 is reached. If the electric opening mechanism 3 comprises, for example, a proximity sensor, it is also conceivable that the rest position 11.1 is omitted and the handle 11 is only movable between the actuating position 11.2 and the emergency opening position 11.3.

[0035] For a comfortable force distribution in the event of emergency opening, the handle unit 10 has a rotation element 20, which is designed to rotate about a rotation axis 20.1 when moving 101 the handle 11 from the actuating position 11.2 into the emergency opening position 11.3 along a rotation direction 210.1. The rotation element 20 is preferably rigidly connected to the handle 11. In particular, the rotation element 20 can comprise a flywheel for the handle 11. However, it is also conceivable that the rotation element 20 is connected by a connecting gear 15, as in Figure 1shown, is connected to the handle 11. The connecting gear 15 can, for example, comprise a lever and / or joint arrangement. Furthermore, the handle unit 10 comprises a counterforce element 30 for exerting a counterforce 201 on the rotary element 20 when moving 101 the handle 11 from the actuating position 11.2 to the emergency opening position 11.3. The rotary element 20 and the counterforce element 30 are preferably mounted on a handle support 14 of the handle unit 10.

[0036] Figure 4 shows method steps of a method 100 according to the invention for operating the handle unit 10 to open the opening part 2 in the event of a defect in the electrical opening function. A movement sequence of the rotation element 20 and the counterforce element 30 in the method 100 is shown in the Figures 3a to 3eThe rotation element 20 and the counterforce element 30 form a contact pair 40, through which, upon contact between the rotation element 20 and the counterforce element 30, the counterforce 201 can be transmitted from the counterforce element 30 via the rotation element 20 to the handle 11. As a result, the user experiences haptic feedback in the form of resistance when operating the handle 11. In particular, during normal operation, the feedback haptically indicates to the user that the actuation position 11.2 has been reached. Figure 3ashows the rotation element 20 and the counterforce element 30 when the handle 11 is in the rest position 11.1. When the handle 11 is moved, the counterforce element 30 and the rotation element 20 each move along circular path sections. For this purpose, the rotation element 20 has a pivot bearing 22 for supporting the rotation element 20 about the rotation axis 20.1, and the counterforce element 30 has a movable bearing 31 for rotatably supporting the counterforce element 30 about a bearing axis 30.1 parallel to the rotation axis 20.1. The pivot bearing 22 and the movable bearing 31 of the counterforce element 30 are further spaced apart by a bearing distance 13, through which the circular paths intersect in some areas.

[0037] Figure 3bshows the rotation element 20 and the counterforce element 30 when the handle 11 is in the actuating position 11.2, in which the rotation element 20 and the counterforce element 30 are in engagement with each other. However, it is also conceivable that the Figure 3b The position shown is only reached after the actuation position 11.2 when the handle 11 is moved further in the direction of the emergency opening position 11.3. In this case, the user receives the haptic feedback only after the electrical opening mechanism 3 has already been actuated. For the application of the counterforce 201, the contact pair 40, here the counterforce element 30, has at least one contact area 41, which is in the actuation position 11.2 according to Figure 3bis in a resistance position 40.1, in which the counterforce 201 can be exerted by the counterforce element 30 on the rotation element 20. To apply the counterforce 201, the handle unit 10 further has a blocking element 43 for blocking the counterforce element 30 in an actuation direction 210. The counterforce element 30 rests on the blocking element 43 during movement 101 of the handle 11 from the actuation position 11.2 to the emergency opening position 11.3, whereby the counterforce element 30 is supported.

[0038] Furthermore, the contact pair 40, here the rotation element 20, has a rigid counter-contact area 42 for contacting the contact area 41 in the resistance position 40.1. The counter-contact area 42 comprises a control cam of a control contour 42.1 for an increase in the counter force 201 when moving 101 the handle 11 from the actuating position 11.2 into the emergency opening position 11.3. A first force curve 202 when moving 101 the handle 11 from the actuating position 11.2 into the emergency opening position 11.3 is shown in Figure 5 shown in a diagram in which an angle 200.1 of the handle 11 is plotted against a force 200.2. The counterforce 201 forms a force peak in the first force curve 202 for haptic feedback when the control cam according to Figure 3b hits the contact area 41.

[0039] In order that the counterforce element 30 with the counterforce 201 can be overcome by the rotation element 20 when moving 101 the handle 11 from the actuating position 11.2 into the emergency opening position 11.3, the contact area 41 can also be brought into a release position 40.2, which in Figure 3cis shown. For this purpose, the contact area 41 is designed to be elastically deformable. As a result, the contact area 41 is pressed down at least in sections when the handle 11 is moved 101 from the actuating position 11.2 to the emergency opening position 11.3, in particular when the user increases his actuating force against the counterforce 201. Advantageously, the contact area 41 can comprise a spring, in particular in the form of a leaf spring. In order to improve the flexibility of the contact area 41, the contact area 41 can be partially slidably mounted. In particular, the contact area 41 is fastened to the counterforce element 30 at a first end 41.1 and unfastened at a second end 41.2. For example, the second end 41.2 can rest on a support surface of the counterforce element 30.

[0040] The emergency opening position 11.3 is in Figure 3d, in which the rotating element 20 is pivoted in the rotation direction 210.1 to actuate the mechanical opening mechanism 4. For example, the rotating element 20 can include an actuation interface 23 for a Bowden cable of the mechanical opening mechanism 4. Due to the elastic design of the contact area 41, the contact area 41 is automatically returned to the resistance position 40.1 as soon as the contact of the contact pair 40 is released.

[0041] As in Figure 3eAs shown, the handle 11 is then moved back 102 from the emergency opening position 11.3 to the actuating position 11.2. The rotating element 20 is moved counter to the direction of rotation 210.1 from the emergency opening position 11.3 in the direction of the actuating position 11.2 and / or the rest position 11.1. As a result, the control cam again encounters the contact area 41, which is in the resistance position 40.1, in a first movement section 221. Due to the movable bearing 31 of the counterforce element 30, the counterforce element 30 is lifted off the blocking element 43 and moved in at least one return direction 211 opposite the actuating direction 210. In particular, the counterforce element 30 is rotated in the return direction 211 about the bearing axis 30.1.As the counterforce element 30 and the rotation element 20 continue to move along the respective circular path sections, the contact is released from each other in a second movement section 222. The circular paths are defined in particular by a bearing distance 13 between the pivot bearing 22 of the rotation element 20 and the movable bearing 31 of the counterforce element 30.

[0042] Preferably, the counterforce element 30 is pretensioned by a pretensioning unit 44 in the actuating direction 210 toward the blocking element 43, whereby the counterforce element 30 automatically returns to its initial position after the counterforce element 30 is released from the rotating element 20 during the return movement 102 of the handle 11. For automatic resetting of the handle 11 and / or the rotating element 20, a resetting unit 12 for pretensioning the handle 11 into the rest position 11.1 and / or the actuating position 11.2 can be provided.

[0043] Due to the movable bearing 31, the counterforce element 30 exerts only a reduced counterforce 201 on the rotation element 20 when moving back 102 the handle 11 from the emergency opening position 11.3 into the actuating position 11.2 and / or the rest position 11.1, as can be seen from a Figure 5 This becomes clear from the second force curve 203 shown during the return movement 102 of the handle 11. This allows, for example, the return unit 12 of the handle 11 to be smaller, which in particular can also improve the haptics when moving 101 of the handle 11 from the actuating position 11.2 to the emergency opening position 11.3, since the actuating force counteracts a lower return force. This particularly reduces the loss of comfort in the event of a defect in the electrical opening mechanism 3.

[0044] The above explanation of the embodiments describes the present invention exclusively by way of examples. Of course, individual features of the embodiments can be freely combined with one another, provided they are technically feasible, without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the claims. Reference symbol list

[0045] 1Vehicle 2Opening part 3Opening mechanism 4Opening mechanism 5Locking unit 10Handle unit 11Handle 11.1Rest position 11.2Operating position 11.3Emergency opening position 12Reset unit 13Bearing distance 14Handle carrier 15Connecting gear 20Rotation element 20.1Rotation axis or swivel path 22Pivot bearing or swivel bearing 23Actuating interface 30Counterforce element 30.1Bearing axis 31Bearing 40Contact pair 40.1Resistance position 40.2Release position 41Contact area 41.1First end 41.2Second end 42Mating contact area 42.1Control contour 43Blocking element 44Preload unit 100Procedure 101Move 102Move back 200.1 Setting angle 200.2 Force curve 201 Counterforce 202 First force curve 203 Second force curve 210 Actuation direction 210.1 Rotation direction 211 Return direction 221first movement section 222second movement section

Claims

1. Handle unit (10) for a vehicle (1), having a handle (11) for opening an opening element (2) of the vehicle (1), which is movable at least between an actuation position (11.2) for activating an electric opening function for opening the opening element (2) and an emergency opening position (11.3) for opening the opening element (2) mechanically, a rotation element (20), which is designed to rotate preferably about an axis of rotation (20.1) or swivel track (20.1) when moving the handle (11) from the actuation position (11.2) into the emergency opening position (11.3), and a counterforce element (30) for exerting a counterforce (201) on the rotation element (20) when moving the handles (11) from the actuation position (11.2) into the emergency opening position (11.3), wherein the rotation element (20) and the counterforce element (30) form a contact pair (40) that has at least one contact region (41), which can be brought into a resistance position (40.1), in which the counterforce (201) can be exerted on the rotation element (20) by the counterforce element (30), and an unblocking position (40.2), in which the counterforce element (30) can be overcome when the handle (11) is moved from the actuation position (11.2) into the emergency opening position (11.3), characterized in that the counterforce element (30) has a movable bearing (31) for moving the counterforce element (30) in at least one resetting direction (211), so that the counterforce element (30) can be overcome by the rotation element (20) when the handle (11) is moved back from the emergency opening position (11.3) while the contact region (41) is in the resistance position (40.1).

2. Handle unit (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is a bearing distance (13) between the pivot bearing (22) of the rotation element (20) and the bearing (31) of the counterforce element (30), through which the counterforce element (30) and the rotation element (20) contact each other in a first movement stage (221) and are separated from each other in a second movement stage (222) when the handle (11) is moved back out of the emergency opening position (11.3) .

3. Handle unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact region (41) is deformable, so that the counterforce element (30) can be overcome by the rotation element (20) when the handle (11) is moved from the actuation position (11.2) into the emergency opening position (11.3) by a deformation of the contact region (41).

4. Handle unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact region (41) is designed elastically to enable the contact region (41) to move back automatically from the unblocking position (40.2) into the resistance position (40.1).

5. Handle unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact region (41) comprises a spring, in particular in the form of a leaf spring.

6. Handle unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact region (41) has a first end (41.1), at which the contact region (41) is attached to the rotation element (20) and / or the counterforce element (30), and a second end (41.2), which is detached in order to overcome the contact region (41) when the handle (11) is moved from the actuation position (11.2) into the emergency opening position (11.3).

7. Handle unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact pair (40) has a countercontact region (42), which is in particular rigid, for contacting of the contact region (41) in the resistance position (40.1), wherein the countercontact region (42) comprises a control profile (42.1) for changing a force path of the counterforce (201) when the handle (11) is moved from the actuation position (11.2) into the emergency opening position (11.3).

8. Handle unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the countercontact region (42) and / or the contact region (41) has a control cam for increasing the counterforce (201) when the handle (11) is moved from the actuation position (11.2) into the emergency opening position (11.3).

9. Handle unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable bearing (31) of the counterforce element (30) is designed to support the counterforce element (30) rotatably about a bearing axis (30.1) that is parallel to the axis of rotation (20.1).

10. Handle unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a blocking element (43) is provided that is designed to block the counterforce element (30) in an actuation direction (210) opposite to the resetting direction (211), in particular wherein the counterforce element (30) is designed to bear on the blocking element (43) when the handle (11) is moved from the actuation position (11.2) into the emergency opening position (11.3).

11. Handle unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a biasing unit (44) is provided for biasing the counterforce element (30) in the actuation direction (210) .

12. Handle unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the handle (11) can be brought into an unactuated standby position (11.1), wherein the handle (11) can be brought from the standby position (11.1) into the emergency opening position (11.3) via the actuation position (11.2).

13. Handle unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a resetting unit (12) is provided for biasing the handle (11) into the standby position (11.1) and / or the actuation position (11.2).

14. Opening element (2), having an electrical opening mechanism (3) for an electric opening function of the opening element (2), a mechanical opening mechanism (4) for the mechanical opening of the opening element (2), and a handle unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims.

15. Method (100) for operating a handle unit (10) according to any one of Claims 1 to 14 for opening an opening element (2) of a vehicle (1) in the event of a malfunction of an electric opening function, comprising the following steps: - moving (101) a handle (11) of the handle unit (10) out of an actuation position (11.2) for activating the electric opening function into an emergency opening position (11.3) for mechanical opening of the opening element (2), wherein when the handle (11) is moved from the actuation position (11.2) into the emergency opening position (11.3) a counterforce (201) is overcome by bringing a contact region (41) from a resistance position (40.1), in which a counterforce (201) can be exerted on a rotation element (20) by a counterforce element (30) of the handle unit (10) into an unblocking position (40.2), - moving (102) the handle (11) back out of the emergency opening position (11.3), wherein the counterforce element (30) is moved in at least one resetting direction (211), so that the rotation element (20) overcomes the counterforce element (30), while the contact region (41) is in the resistance position (40.1).