NOISE BARRIER

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a noise barrier with a plate-shaped base body which is provided with sound-absorbing material. Such noise barriers are used, for example, along traffic routes to reduce noise emissions into the surrounding area.

[0002] Conventional photovoltaic modules, abbreviated "PV modules," use a glass plate as the outermost layer to protect the photoactive components, commonly referred to as "solar cells," which are encapsulated in polymer films. For noise barriers, where a significant portion of the energy of incident sound waves needs to be absorbed, the large-scale use of glass in the thickness typically employed in PV modules is not feasible, as this type of glass is virtually acoustically rigid and therefore reflects the energy instead of absorbing it.

[0003] Noise barriers often utilize porous sound-absorbing materials (absorbers for short), which scatter sound waves and thereby lose energy. These absorbers are typically encased in metallic cassettes, known as "absorber cassettes," which provide mechanical stability. However, a conventional photovoltaic module cannot be integrated in front of the absorber cassettes without negating the absorber's sound-absorbing effect.

[0004] Some well-known noise barriers utilize conventional PV modules, which are integrated into the barrier walls using mechanical connections. These connections can be made, for example, by plugging, gluing, or screwing. However, integrating conventional PV modules into conventional noise barriers significantly reduces their sound-absorbing effect.

[0005] In some other well-known noise barriers, adapted PV modules are mounted on adapted absorber cassettes. These absorber cassettes have a triangular cross-section, with one side running vertically, one side facing upwards, and the other facing downwards. The PV modules are placed on the upward-facing side of the absorber cassette. Thus, the PV module is positioned in front of the absorber cassette, which forms the basic structure of the noise barrier, which is often, but not exclusively, vertically oriented.

[0006] Another well-known noise barrier uses transparent materials, such as glass or acrylic glass, instead of PV modules to create transparency or translucency. Since these materials are also acoustically rigid in the thicknesses required for safety reasons, the transparent panes, which largely represent a non-absorbing surface, are framed to achieve sound absorption. This frame also exhibits the characteristics of an absorber cassette. The frame encloses the non-absorbing surface and is located exclusively within its perimeter. However, this noise barrier does not possess photoactive properties.

[0007] DE 20 2021 104 931 U1 discloses a noise protection element as a component of wall- and / or embankment-like noise protection devices, the noise protection element consisting of a basic structure with a plurality of vertically and spaced-apart support elements, between each of which at least one noise protection element is arranged and firmly connected to the support elements, and at least one photovoltaic element which is connected to the noise protection element as an integral component.

[0008] KR 2011 0 006 317 A discloses a photovoltaic sound-insulating panel and a sound-insulating wall in which the panel is integrated.

[0009] JP 2003 239 226 A reveals a sound-absorbing panel with transparent areas.

[0010] JP 2010 229 770 A discloses a sound-absorbing transparent panel for power generation.

[0011] KR 2013 0 027 244 A and KR 2011 0 107 012 A reveal a sound-absorbing panel for power generation.

[0012] JP 2010 121 401 A discloses a sound-absorbing panel with light-transmitting properties.

[0013] Against this background, the object of the invention is to design a generic noise barrier for combined sound absorption and solar power generation in such a way that its production is simpler and more cost-effective than before, while at the same time achieving higher mechanical stability and better sound absorption than before.

[0014] The problem is solved according to the invention by a noise barrier according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are found in the dependent claims.

[0015] According to the invention, a noise barrier for combined sound absorption and solar power generation is proposed. This barrier has a plate-shaped base body. A plurality of solar cells are encapsulated in this base body.

[0016] In addition, the base body carries at least one absorber cassette on at least one side, which is filled with sound-absorbing material.

[0017] Furthermore, the noise barrier has means for attaching the base body and the absorber cassette together. The base body has at least one translucent surface section. This is designed so that light incident on at least one side of the base body can reach at least some of the encapsulated solar cells.

[0018] The object of the invention is achieved by arranging the absorber cassette adjacent to the light-transmitting surface section on the base body and covering a further surface section of the base body which lies in the same plane as the light-transmitting surface section.

[0019] Unlike conventional noise barriers that combine absorber cassettes and PV modules, in the noise barrier according to the invention, the PV module forms the base of the barrier, and the absorber cassette is positioned in front of the PV module. The noise barrier according to the invention therefore allows for quick and easy assembly, while simultaneously offering high mechanical stability, high sound absorption, and durability. Thanks to its modular design, the noise barrier can be adapted to the specific location.

[0020] According to the invention, the base body or PV module differs from conventional PV modules in two aspects: Firstly, additional photo-inactive areas are intentionally left in place when covering the module surface. Secondly, the PV module is additionally combined with sound-absorbing elements, so that when used in a noise barrier, the product achieves an increased sound-absorbing effect.

[0021] In some embodiments of the invention, at least two absorber cassettes arranged at a later distance from each other are positioned adjacent to the light-transmitting surface section of the base body and each cover a respective surface section of the base body, wherein the surface sections covered by the absorber cassettes lie in the same plane as the light-transmitting surface section located between two adjacent absorber cassettes.

[0022] The noise barrier according to the invention is highly scalable, reliable and more cost-effective than known noise barriers for combined sound absorption and solar power generation.

[0023] In some embodiments of the invention, more than two laterally spaced absorber cassettes are arranged adjacent to the base body, each absorber cassette covering a respective surface section of the base body and several translucent surface sections are provided which lie in the same plane as the surface sections covered by the absorber cassettes, with one of the translucent surface sections being located between each pair of adjacent absorber cassettes.

[0024] In some embodiments of the invention, the base body has one or two opposing lateral edge sections, and a translucent lateral surface section is arranged between the or each lateral edge and the adjacent absorber cassette, and the or each lateral translucent surface section borders a surface section covered by an absorber cassette, wherein the or the lateral translucent surface sections lie in the same plane as the surface sections of the base body covered by the absorber cassette(s).

[0025] The simplification of the assembly of the noise barrier according to the invention is achieved in some embodiments of the invention particularly by attaching the absorber cassette(s) to the base body by gluing and / or clamping. For clamping, it is advantageous if the base body is surrounded by a frame that clamps the absorber cassette(s) to the base body. This frame is a preferred means of attaching the base body and the absorber cassette to one another.

[0026] To better utilize the sunlight hitting the noise barrier for solar power generation while simultaneously achieving improved noise reduction, it is advantageous for each absorber cassette to have a rectangular, triangular, hexagonal, or trapezoidal cross-section. It is also beneficial for each absorber cassette to have an internal or external groove at its base, flush with the base.

[0027] In some embodiments of the invention, the base body can have two translucent layers, one of which includes the surface of the base body on one side and the other of which includes the surface of the base body on the opposite side, and a layer of solar cells is encapsulated between the two layers, wherein each solar cell of a first subset of solar cells is photoactive on both sides and is arranged in a first region of the base body, which is located laterally next to the or each covered surface section, and wherein each solar cell of a second subset of solar cells is photoactive on one side and is arranged in a second region of the base body, which is covered by the or each absorber cassette.

[0028] Alternatively, the base body has two translucent layers, one of which includes the surface of the base body on one side and the other of which includes the surface of the base body on the opposite side, and two layers of solar cells are encapsulated between the two layers, each solar cell of one layer being photoactive on one or both sides and being arranged in a first region of the base body, which is located laterally next to the covered surface section(s), and each solar cell of the other layer being photoactive on one or both sides and being arranged in a second region of the base body, which is located between the one layer of solar cells and the other translucent layer.

[0029] The noise barrier according to the invention is highly scalable. In some embodiments of the invention, the noise barrier can therefore be extended by connecting it to at least one further identically designed noise barrier. The noise barrier can also be part of a plurality of interconnected, identical noise barriers.

[0030] In operation, the noise barrier is preferably oriented vertically, with the absorber cassettes also extending vertically and arranged parallel to each other. A vertical orientation of the noise barrier can be understood as a slight inclination of approximately ± 15°, ± 10°, or ± 8° from the vertical.

[0031] Exemplary embodiments of the invention utilize an adapted PV module layout, based on conventional materials and manufacturing processes, and combine it with a suitable design of the absorber cassettes to integrate photoactive and sound-absorbing surfaces into a single component. The two sub-elements are joined by a frame system, which creates a permanent connection between them, primarily through clamping, but alternatively also through bonding or another joining technique. In the simplest case, the frame system is also based on conventional frame systems for PV modules, but it can also be easily adapted for this application.

[0032] In exemplary embodiments of the invention, the front surface facing the noise source is divided into different sections. These include photoactive surfaces, e.g., realized by encapsulated solar cells; sound-absorbing surfaces, e.g., realized by metallic absorber cassettes with a perforated metal casing filled with sound-absorbing materials; and additional photo-inactive areas, e.g., for the mechanical connection of the different sub-elements.

[0033] Unlike conventional modules, the design of this module layout incorporates additional boundary conditions instead of simply maximizing the photoactive area. This is further described below: The individual components are designed to minimize any impact on the functionality of the other components. Therefore, the PV module layout intentionally includes photoinactive areas above which the other components are installed. This adaptation is crucial for the final product, as incorrectly designed layouts can lead to systematic shading during operation. This not only reduces energy yield but also poses a safety risk, as shaded areas are subjected to additional stress.

[0034] Similarly, the absorber cassettes are designed to provide the highest possible sound absorption. This can be achieved in particular through projecting shapes, e.g., in the form of triangles or trapezoids, which achieve a higher acoustic effect through edge effects. The height and width of the shapes are adjusted so that the visual effect (especially shading) and the acoustic effect are optimally coordinated.

[0035] Each absorber cassette has a projected area that is essentially defined by its mounting surface. This area is shaded when light strikes at a right angle. Therefore, at least this area must be set to inactive in the module layout.

[0036] For the mechanical connection of the absorber cassettes to the base body, it is essential that the absorber cassettes are designed in such a way that sufficient contact surfaces are available. This can be achieved, for example, by additional lips or folds that are either circumferential or locally formed. These folds can be directed outwards or inwards.

[0037] In addition to shading caused by perpendicular light incidence, shading caused by oblique incidence is also taken into account. This depends on the angles at which light can still be captured, which is primarily defined by the application. For angled absorber cassettes, the angle of the slope must be matched to the desired angle of incidence to determine the projected area.

[0038] The PV module can then be manufactured using conventional manufacturing processes, for example using a conventional glass pane as the outermost layer.

[0039] The absorber cassettes can be manufactured using conventional processes and filled with standard sound-absorbing materials. It is recommended to select materials with the highest possible absorption to achieve the best possible overall sound absorption. However, materials with lower absorption rates can also be used if the final product meets the sound absorption values ​​specified in standard approval procedures.

[0040] This optimization can be carried out experimentally or through simulation. The proportions of photo-inactive areas or the projected area of ​​the absorber cassettes can also be included in the optimization, so that the individual elements are coordinated with each other.

[0041] To combine the individual elements, the filled absorber cassettes can be placed on the glass pane, aligning them so that no photoactive surfaces are covered when viewed vertically.

[0042] To clamp the PV module and the attached absorber cassettes in place, a conventional PV module frame can be used, which encloses the outer folds of the absorber cassettes. This allows for a stable mechanical connection of the absorber cassettes to the base body.

[0043] Alternatively, the folds can also be used to fix the cassettes to the glass using suitable adhesives. The folds can also be formed inwards, beneath the projected surface of the absorber cassette, thus requiring less non-photoactive surface area in the module layout. For external folds, combination with mechanical clamping is still possible. Naturally, internal and external folds can also be combined.

[0044] Furthermore, other techniques can be used to join the surrounding frame and the absorber cassette, such as welding or soldering. The frame's shape can also be adapted to improve product stability or simplify the manufacturing process. Additionally, the frame can be tailored to the installation situation within a noise barrier. In these cases, the frame differs significantly from conventional frames used for standard PV modules.

[0045] In certain situations, it may be desirable to also equip the module with solar cells in the photo-inactive areas. This is particularly advantageous if light absorption is also desired from the second side, which does not face the noise source.

[0046] Nevertheless, damage to the solar cells on the side facing the noise source must be prevented. This can be achieved either by connecting these solar cells in an independent series configuration or by integrating a second layer of solar cells into the module.

[0047] In the first case, the photoactive surfaces next to the cassettes can be equipped with bifacial solar cells, for example. This is irrelevant in the second case, as they are shaded by the second layer.

[0048] In summary, the noise barrier according to the invention has the following effects and advantages: By coordinating the absorber cassettes and the PV module layout, a combined PV module is created that enables sound absorption and electrical energy generation in one element.

[0049] By using established manufacturing methods, high product reliability and rapid implementation into existing manufacturing capacities are possible.

[0050] Due to its combined functionality, the element requires less floor space than alternative cantilevered constructions, where the sound-reflective glass side of the PV module faces away from the road.

[0051] The preferred clamping of the specially adapted components enables quick and uncomplicated assembly, while simultaneously ensuring high mechanical stability and durability.

[0052] Since the PV module forms the base of the element, the glass pane allows for high mechanical stability and provides excellent protection for the encapsulated solar cells. Furthermore, the manufacturing process follows established methods and is therefore highly scalable, reliable, and more cost-effective than alternative designs.

[0053] Through the clever design of the absorber cassettes and suitable sound-absorbing materials, a high level of sound absorption can be achieved. The sound effect will be greater than if the projected area were equipped with a flat absorber.

[0054] The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings of exemplary embodiments. These drawings show: Fig. 1 a schematic top view of a base body of the noise barrier according to the invention formed by a PV module, Figs. 2a to 2d schematic cross-sections of various shapes of absorber cassettes in conjunction with the surfaces projected onto the base body, Figs. 3a and 3b schematic cross-sections of absorber cassettes with differently designed folds, Fig. 4 a schematic top view of an absorber cassette with parts of a frame for clamping the absorber cassette, and Figs. 5a and 5b schematic cross-sections of PV modules with different solar cell arrangements.

[0055] In the figures, the components of the invention are uniformly described using the following reference numerals: 1 Base body 2 Photo-inactive surface section 3 Photoactive surface section 4a, 4b, 4c Solar cells 5 Module frame 5a Upper section 5b Lower section 6 Absorber cassette 7 Front 8 Contact surface 9 Projected area 10 Inner fold 11 Outer fold 11a Upper fold section 11b Lower fold section 12 Front protective layer 13 Rear protective layer

[0056] As can be seen from the drawings, a noise barrier according to the invention has a plate-shaped base body 1, which is formed by a photovoltaic module ("PV module"). Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows a schematic top view of the side (front) of the base body 1 facing a noise source (not shown). In the example shown, the base body 1 has a rectangular shape. The flat surface of the base body is divided into photo-inactive surface sections 2, which are in Fig. 1 are shown hatched, and in photoactive surface sections 3, which are in Fig. 1 The photoactive surface sections 3 are represented as white, unhatched areas. These sections contain a plurality of electrically interconnected solar cells 4a embedded within the base body 1. The solar cells 4a can be monofacial or bifacial. In the case of monofacial solar cells 4a, the solar cells 4a react only to the light passing through the photoactive surface sections 3 to generate electrical energy. The use of bifacial solar cells is described below in connection with the description of the Fig. 5a und 5b The photo-inactive surface sections 2, on the other hand, are those surface sections that are covered and thus shaded by parts attached to the base body 1, such as module frames 5 and absorber cassettes 6, so that no light can penetrate through the photo-inactive surface sections 2 into the interior of the base body 1. The in Fig. 1 The photo-inactive surface section 2, which runs around the edge of the base body 1, is covered by the module frame 5. The three in Fig. 1 Within the surface section 2 surrounding the base body 1, which is covered by the module frame 5, the strip-shaped, parallel, photo-inactive surface sections 2 are covered by the absorber cassettes 6, the number of absorber cassettes 6 and thus the number of photo-inactive surface sections 2 covered by them being naturally greater or less than in Fig. 1 The number of absorber cassettes 6 and their arrangement on the base body 1 determine the shape and number of photoactive surface sections 3 of the base body 1. Therefore, of course, there can also be more or fewer photoactive surface sections 3 and other shapes of photoactive surface sections 3 than shown in the diagram. Fig. 1 will be presented as planned.

[0057] Possible cross-sectional shapes of the absorber cassettes 6 are shown schematically in Fig. 2a bis 2d with the surfaces 9 projected from the absorber cassettes 6 onto the surface of the base body 1, shown below these cross-sectional shapes, wherein in Fig. 2a a rectangular one, in Fig. 2b a hexagonal one, in Fig. 2c a trapezoidal and in Fig. 2d A triangular cross-sectional shape of the absorber cassettes 6 is shown. Using the example of the one in Fig. 2a The rectangular cross-sectional shape of an absorber cassette 6, when the noise barrier is assembled, shows the position of the front face 7 of the absorber cassette 5 and the position of its bearing surface 8 on the base body 1. The absorber cassettes 6 are made of metal, with perforated aluminum sheet preferably used for the outer wall and porous absorber materials used to fill the cassettes 6.

[0058] In the Fig. 3a und 3b Two variants of folds 10, 11 are shown in cross-section using trapezoidal absorber cassettes 6, with which the absorber cassettes 6 are mechanically connected to the base body 1, wherein Fig. 3a an absorber cassette 6 with an internal fold 10 shows and Fig. 3b An absorber cassette 6 with an external fold 11 is shown. Additional figures show the Fig. 3a und 3b the contact surfaces 9 projected by the absorber cassettes 6 onto the base body 1, where it is clear that the projected area 9 for the absorber cassette 6 with external fold 11 is larger than the projected area 9 for the absorber cassette 6 with internal fold 10.

[0059] As in Fig. 4 An absorber cassette 6, which has a circumferential external fold 11, can be shown at its Fig. 4 The upper and lower ends are clamped to the module frame 5, because in the example shown, the upper section 11a of the outer fold 11 overlaps an upper section 5a of the module frame 5, and the lower section 11b of the outer fold 11 overlaps a lower section 5b of the module frame 5. The fold sections 11a and 11b of the outer fold 11 that overlap with the module frame 5 are in Fig. 4 The area is shown hatched. The clamping of the outer fold 11 and the module frame 5 ensures a stable mechanical connection of the absorber cassette 6 to the base body 1 enclosed by the module frame 5.

[0060] In the Fig. 5a und 5b Two different types of arrangement of solar cells 4a, 4b, 4c in the base body 1 are schematically shown, wherein these types of arrangement of solar cells 4a, 4b, 4c are advantageous when light also falls on the noise barrier on the side facing away from the noise source and can be used to generate solar power.

[0061] In Fig. 5a A section of a noise barrier is shown schematically in cross-section, with the absorber cassettes 6 arranged on the front of the base body 1 facing the noise source. The front is formed by a front protective layer 12, which can, for example, consist of a glass pane. On the back of the base body 1 is a rear protective layer 13, which can also consist of a glass pane. Between the two protective layers 12, 13 is a layer of adjacent solar cells 4a, 4b. The solar cells 4a, shown without hatching, are bifacial solar cells and are arranged laterally offset from the absorber cassettes 6, so that light can fall on them through both the front protective layer 12 and the rear protective layer 13, and they can convert this light incident from both sides into electrical energy. Directly below the absorber cassettes 6 are... Fig. 5a The hatched solar cells 4b are arranged, which are photoactive on one side and are therefore oriented so that they can receive light falling through the rear protective layer 13 and convert it into electrical energy. In the Fig. 5a In the arrangement of solar cells 4a, 4b shown, adjacent solar cells are not interconnected.

[0062] The in Fig. 5b The arrangement of solar cells 4a, 4c shown differs from that in Fig. 5a The arrangement shown is characterized by the solar cells 4a, 4c being arranged in two superimposed layers between the front protective layer 12 and the rear protective layer 13, wherein the solar cells 4a of the Fig. 5b The solar cells 4c in the upper layer are arranged laterally offset from the absorber cassettes 6 and therefore receive the light falling through the front protective layer 12 and convert it into electrical energy. The solar cells 4a, 4c of the lower layer are oriented so that they receive the light falling through the rear protective layer 13 and convert it into electrical energy. The solar cells 4a, 4c can be in Fig. 5b Solar cells can be photoactive on one side (monofacial) or on both sides (bifacial), whereby if they are photoactive on one side only, i.e. monofacial, their orientation must be such that they can react to the incidence of light from the front or to the incidence of light from the back by generating electrical energy.

[0063] Naturally, the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown. The foregoing description is therefore not to be considered limiting, but rather explanatory. The following claims are to be understood as meaning that a named feature is present in at least one embodiment of the invention. This does not preclude the presence of further features. Where the claims and the foregoing description define "first" and "second" embodiments, this designation serves to distinguish between two similar embodiments without establishing any hierarchy.

Claims

1. Noise barrier wall for combined sound absorption and solar power generation, comprising a plate-like main body (1), a large number of solar cells (4, 14, 15, 16) encapsulated in the main body (1), at least one absorber cartridge (6) arranged on at least one side of the main body (1) and filled with sound-absorbing material, and devices (5, 10, 11) for fastening the main body (1) and the absorber cartridge (6) to one another, the main body (1) having, on one side, a light-permeable surface section (3) which permits light that is incident on the one side of the main body (1) to pass through to at least some of the solar cells (4a), characterized in that the absorber cartridge (6) is arranged in a manner bearing against the main body (1) adjacent to the light-permeable surface section (3) and covers a further surface section (2) of the main body (1), which lies in the same plane as the light-permeable surface section (3).

2. Noise barrier wall according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two absorber cartridges (6) arranged at a lateral distance from one another are arranged in a manner bearing against the main body (1) adjacent to the light-permeable surface section (3) and cover in each case a respective surface section (2) of the main body (1), the surface sections (2) covered by the absorber cartridges (6) lying in the same plane as the light-permeable surface section (3) which is located between two adjacent absorber cartridges (6).

3. Noise barrier wall according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that more than two absorber cartridges (6) that are laterally spaced apart from one another are arranged in a manner bearing against the main body (1), each absorber cartridge (6) covers a respective surface section (2) of the main body (1) and a plurality of light-permeable surface sections (3) are provided, which lie in the same plane as the surface sections ( 2) covered by the absorber cartridges (6), one of the light-permeable surface sections (3) being located between two adjacent absorber cartridges (6) in each case.

4. Noise barrier wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the main body (1) has one or two opposite lateral edge sections and a light-permeable lateral surface section (3) is arranged between the or each lateral edge and the adjacent absorber cartridge (6), and the or each lateral light-permeable surface section (3) is adjacent to a surface section (2) covered by an absorber cartridge (6), the lateral light-permeable surface section or sections (3) lying in the same plane as the surface section or sections (3) of the main body (1) that is / are covered by the absorber cartridge or cartridges (6).

5. Noise barrier wall according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the or each absorber cartridge (6) is attached to the main body (1) by adhering and / or clamping.

6. Noise barrier wall according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the main body (1) is surrounded by a frame (5) which clamps the or each absorber cartridge (6) to the main body (1).

7. Noise barrier wall according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the or each absorber cartridge (6) is rectangular, triangular, hexagonal or trapezoidal in cross section.

8. Noise barrier wall according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the or each absorber cartridge (6) has, at its base facing the main body (1), an internal or external fold (10; 11) which is in abutment with the main body (1).

9. Noise barrier wall according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the main body (1) comprises two light-permeable layers (12, 13), one layer (12) of which includes the surface of the main body (1) on one side thereof and the other layer (13) of which includes the surface of the main body on the opposite side thereof, and a layer of solar cells (4a, 4b) is encapsulated between the two layers (12, 13), each solar cell (4a) of a first subset of solar cells being photoactive on both sides and being arranged in each case in a first region of the main body (1) which in each case lies laterally adjacent to the or each covered surface section (2), and each solar cell (4b) of a second subset of solar cells being photoactive on one side and being arranged in each case in a second region of the main body, which is covered by the or each absorber cartridge (6).

10. Noise barrier wall according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the main body (1) has two light-permeable layers (12, 13), one layer (12) of which includes the surface of the main body (1) on one side thereof and the other layer (13) of which includes the surface of the main body (1) on the opposite side thereof, and two layers of solar cells (4a, 4c) are encapsulated between the two layers, each solar cell (4a) of the one layer of solar cells being photoactive on one or both sides and being arranged in each case in a first region of the main body, which in each case is located laterally next to the or each covered surface section (2), and each solar cell (4c) of the other layer of solar cells being photoactive on one or both sides and being arranged in each case in a second region of the main body (1), which lies between the one layer of solar cells (4a) and the other light-permeable layer (13).

11. Noise barrier wall according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the noise barrier wall can be extended by connecting it to at least one further noise barrier wall according to any one of the preceding claims.

12. Plurality of interconnected noise barrier walls, wherein the individual noise barrier walls are designed according to any one of claims 1 to 10.