Building closure

Abstract

The invention relates to a building closure with a movable gate or door leaf as a single-piece or multi-part element, which is constructed from several individual panel bodies connected to one another by hinges, wherein the cross-sectional structure consists of an outer and an inner metallic cover element, and wherein an insulating core is present between the cover elements, the inner cover element of the gate or door leaf being designed as a hybrid element. The cover element is connected to a flat plate made of a thermoplastic, which is weather-resistant, impact-resistant, and exhibits high rigidity.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a building closure with a movable gate or door leaf, which is made in one piece or in multiple parts from several panel bodies connected to each other by hinges, wherein the cross-sectional structure of which essentially consists of a metal cover element on the outside of the leaf and a metallic cover element on the inside of the leaf, wherein the cavity between the cover elements is filled with an insulating core.

[0002] From WO 2004 / 009929 A1, a panel element has become known which consists of a pair of sandwich-like connected sheets with an insulating layer in between.

[0003] DE 10 255 729 B3 discloses a door leaf for a sectional door made of hingedly connected panels, each consisting of an outer sheet metal shell and an inner sheet metal cover that closes the outer sheet metal shell and is filled with insulating foam.

[0004] Another sandwich garage door panel is shown in US Patent 8,215,369 B1. In this design, the rear cover skin is made of polyboard with a 25-point wood grain embossing, which is less expensive than steel, thus significantly reducing the panel's manufacturing costs. Furthermore, a channel is formed within the panel's central foam core, holding at least one, preferably two, steel plates within the channel. This allows a mounting plate with a hinge arrangement to connect the two adjacent panels.

[0005] A support for a garage sectional door, as defined in US 6,148,896 A, extends between adjacent door panels. The support consists of numerous extruded polystyrene elements. These support elements, which extend from one door panel to an adjacent one, are cut along the centerline between the door panels to allow for smooth opening and closing and to provide an aesthetically pleasing and professional appearance without gaps.

[0006] US Patent 2014 / 007535 A1 discloses an insulation system comprising a plate with a main surface, a layer of fibrous insulating material, and at least one fastening clip attached to the plate that secures the insulating layer to the main surface. The system incorporates connectors with a head, two diametrically opposed elastic locking elements projecting from the head, and a first locking shoulder extending at least partially between the locking elements. Each locking element includes a locking shoulder adjacent to a distal end opposite the head.

[0007] Increasingly, doors, especially sectional doors or other types of doors, incorporate insulating materials between two outer panels, creating a sandwich-like structure with maximum mechanical strength. These elements are relatively inexpensive to manufacture while simultaneously providing excellent sound and heat insulation. However, they do not offer very high levels of burglary protection.

[0008] The object of the invention is to improve the burglary resistance of building locks without altering their external appearance. The implementation of this enhanced burglary resistance should result in only a minimal increase in the weight of the building lock while simultaneously achieving high stability. The burglary resistance should be easy to implement and can be retrofitted to existing building locks. Furthermore, the fire protection properties of the building locks should not be compromised by the increased burglary resistance.

[0009] The object of the invention is achieved by the features of claim 1. The dependent claims following the main claim contain a further embodiment of the inventive concept.

[0010] Building closures refer to doors or gates, especially sectional doors, and their leaves. To make these building closure leaves more burglar-resistant, a thermoplastic sheet is attached to the inner surface of the door leaf. This thermoplastic material is significantly lighter than the metal covering elements of the doors and gates. Therefore, using thermoplastic sheets does not substantially increase the weight of the door or gate leaf. Such a sheet is weather-resistant, impact-resistant, and highly rigid. Suitable materials for this type of sheet include polycarbonate and polymethyl methacrylate.

[0011] Polycarbonates typically contain at least 5% crystallites and are therefore considered amorphous. This gives them high strength, impact resistance, stiffness, and hardness. They are also highly resistant to water and many mineral acids and aqueous solutions. Furthermore, they are flame-retardant because a flame on a polycarbonate surface is extinguished immediately when the primary flame source is removed. As a result, polycarbonate meets the requirements of fire classes B1 or B2.

[0012] The sheets can be used in varying thicknesses, ranging from one to several millimeters. Polycarbonates are very easy to process in varying thicknesses and, moreover, exhibit no post-shrinkage.

[0013] Such polycarbonate sheets can be securely bonded to the metallic cover elements, even when painted, either subsequently or during the manufacturing process using adhesive tapes or other adhesive materials. In addition to a material-bonded connection, it is also possible to attach these sheets to the inner cover elements using screws, allowing for easy replacement. In another preferred embodiment, the connection between the sheet and the metallic cover layer can also be achieved using blind rivets. These connection methods thus create a hybrid element in the door and gate leaves with the additional thermoplastic sheets.

[0014] To achieve even greater strength, stiffness, and creep resistance, glass fibers are added to the polycarbonate. The proportion of glass fibers can be around 30%. The combination of polycarbonate and glass fibers makes this type of sheet material particularly suitable for prolonged exposure to high temperatures and heavy loads.

[0015] Another material that can be bonded to the inner sheet surface in the form of a sheet is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). PMMA is also a thermoplastic that can be manufactured cost-effectively in sheet form. This material also exhibits fracture resistance and is very impact-resistant. Furthermore, it is weather- and UV-resistant and, with a density of 1.19 g / cm³, very lightweight. The densities of PMMA and polycarbonate are roughly comparable. PMMA is also flame-retardant when the primary flame exposure is removed. Therefore, PMMA meets the requirements of fire classes B1 or B2.

[0016] Polymethyl methacrylate can be bonded to the metallic or painted surfaces of the inner cover elements using a wide range of high-performance adhesives for an efficient hybrid bond. For example, solvent-based adhesives can be used, which cure quickly and thus provide rapid initial strength to the additional sheet applied to the inner surface of the cover element. Two-component adhesives can also be used. Even construction silicone is generally suitable for bonding the sheets at the edges. Adhesive tapes can also be used with this material, as with polycarbonates. In addition to these (non-exhaustive) bonding options, it is of course possible, as with polycarbonates, to fasten the sheets to the cover element using screws or other mechanical means.

[0017] Both the bonded connections, as well as the screw connections or rivet connections in conjunction with the attached panels and the inner cover elements, can preferably be implemented in the edge areas. This creates reliable burglary protection against intrusion from the outside into the interior of the building, thanks to the excellent material properties.

[0018] It has been shown that a burglar-resistant version can be provided in a simple and cost-effective design for both single-leaf doors and multi-part gate elements, such as sectional doors with their panel bodies. This is achieved in particular by using a flat hybrid element consisting of two spaced-apart, metallic cover elements and the cavity between them filled with an insulating core, and additionally combining the inner surface of one element with a sheet of polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.

[0019] As tests have shown, it is generally possible to retrofit existing door or gate leaves or their elements on the inside with an additional panel of varying thickness made of polycarbonate and polymethyl methacrylate.

Claims

1. A building closure with a movable gate leaf or door leaf as a one-piece or as a multi-part element which is constructed from a plurality of individual panel bodies connected to one another in a hinged manner, wherein the cross-sectional structure consists of a metal cover element on the outside of the leaf and a metal cover element on the inside of the leaf, and in that an insulating core is present between the cover elements, characterised in that the cover element on the inside of the gate leaf or door leaf is constructed as a hybrid element, wherein a planar plate made of a thermoplastic, reinforced with glass fibres, preferably with an approximately 30% glass fibre content or more, is connected to the cover element, wherein the plate is weather-resistant and impact-resistant and has a high level of rigidity.

2. The cover element according to claim 1, characterised in that the plate consists of polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.

3. The cover element according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the thermoplastic plate is screwed and / or riveted to the cover element on the inside of the leaf, wherein the screwing and / or riveting of the thermoplastic plate is substantially performed in the edge regions of the cover element.

4. The cover element according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the plate is connected to the cover element on the inside of the door or gate leaf by material bonding, wherein the material bonding to the thermoplastic plate is performed by an adhesive connection in a planar manner or approximately in the edge regions of the leaf to the cover element on the inside of the leaf.

5. The cover element according to claim 4, characterised in that the connection between the thermoplastic plate and the cover element on the inside of the leaf is performed by adhesive tapes.

6. The cover element according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the thermoplastic plate is assigned to fire class B1 or B2.