Electrical connector with a fastening element and electrical plug-in connection comprising the electrical connector

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical connector (1) comprising a connector housing (2), a locking device (5) for locking the connector (1) to a corresponding mating electrical connector (6), and a locking element (12) that is slidable between a pre-locked position and a locked position. The locking element (12) blocks the locking device (5) in the locked position to prevent the mating connector (6) from being unlocked. The connector housing (2) is provided with a guide (14) along which the locking element (12) can be slid from outside the connector housing (2) towards the longitudinal axis (L) of the connector housing (2) into the pre-locked position.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an electrical connector comprising a connector housing, a locking device for locking the connector with a corresponding electrical mating connector and a securing element displaceable between a pre-locking position and a securing position, according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] The invention also relates to an electrical plug connection comprising an electrical plug connector and an electrical mating connector corresponding to the plug connector, according to the preamble of claim 13.

[0003] An electrical connector or mating electrical connector can be a plug, a panel connector, a socket, a coupling, or an adapter. The terms "connector" and "mating connector" used in the context of this invention represent all variants.

[0004] Connectors for the automotive industry, in particular, are subject to stringent requirements regarding their robustness and safety. A connector must be able to withstand high loads, such as mechanical stress, and remain securely closed. It must be ensured that the electrical connection is not accidentally disconnected, for example, during vehicle operation. Furthermore, the connectors must ensure flawless transmission of electrical power, electrical signals, and / or data, even in contaminated, humid, and / or chemically aggressive environments.

[0005] Sometimes a so-called plug-in confirmation must also be provided for the installer of the connector. This can be achieved, for example, by ensuring that the mating connector can only be inserted into the connector if the connector has been correctly installed beforehand. Ensuring safety is a top priority, especially in autonomous vehicle operation and for assistance systems.

[0006] In particular, the aging of a connector can potentially lead to a safety-critical problem. Electrical connectors, especially those used in the automotive sector, typically feature locking elements that prevent accidental unlocking of a connector and thus the separation of the mating connector from the connector. These locking elements are typically exposed to long-term mechanical and thermal stress, which can further accelerate their aging. The locking elements can eventually become brittle and break, preventing them from fulfilling their intended function. This problem is particularly evident when a plastic locking element is subjected to permanent mechanical stress.

[0007] Securing elements that nevertheless guarantee a sufficient service life are complex and expensive to manufacture. Alternative securing elements, which are subject to reduced mechanical stress during operation, require a comparatively large amount of space in the connector and are also complex to install.

[0008] For the technological background regarding electrical connectors and fuse elements for electrical connectors, please refer to the following publications.

[0009] US 2019 / 044278 A1 relates to a connecting device comprising: a terminal; a housing that houses and holds the terminal and is engaged with a mating housing by being releasably locked by causing a locking portion to be locked to a locked portion provided in the mating housing when an engagement state with a mating connecting device is a fully engaged state; and a detection element that is mounted on the housing and is relatively movable in an engagement direction and a separation direction with respect to the housing between a main locking position when the engagement state is the fully engaged state and a locking release position when the engagement state is an engagement release state in which the fully engaged state is released.

[0010] US 9,929,509 B1 relates to a connector assembly comprising a first connector with a primary locking lever pivotally mounted on the first connector. The second connector includes a primary locking bracket that locks the first and second connectors together with the primary locking device. The assembly further includes a CPA device ("Connector Position Assurance") slidably mounted on the first connector and a CPA lever defining a secondary locking device. The secondary locking device engages the lateral rib to prevent movement of the CPA device from an initial position to a final position until the first and second connectors are fully mated.

[0011] WO 2010 / 032088 A1 and US 6,491,542 B1 each also relate to an electrical plug connection with a CPA element and relates in particular to electrical plug connectors for use in motor vehicles.

[0012] In view of the known prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an electrical connector with an improved securing element in order to increase in particular the mountability and the service life of the connector.

[0013] Finally, it is also an object of the invention to provide an electrical plug connection comprising a mating connector and a plug connector with an improved securing element in order to increase in particular the assembly capability and the service life of the plug connection.

[0014] The problem is solved for the electrical connector with the features listed in claim 1. With regard to the electrical plug connection, the problem is solved by the features of claim 14.

[0015] The dependent claims and the features described below relate to advantageous embodiments and variants of the invention.

[0016] An electrical connector is provided, comprising a connector housing, a locking device for locking the connector to a corresponding electrical mating connector, and a locking element that can be moved between a pre-locking position and a locking position. The locking element blocks the locking device in the locking position to prevent unlocking of the mating connector.

[0017] When the electrical connector is mated to the corresponding electrical mating connector, the connector and the mating connector are preferably electrically and mechanically functionally connected for the intended use for power and / or signal transmission.

[0018] The locking device can preferably form a so-called primary locking of the plug connection with a corresponding locking element of the mating connector, for example a locking hook of the mating connector.

[0019] The locking element ensures that the electrical connector and the mating electrical connector are securely held in their mated state, as the locking element blocks movement of the locking device to unlock the mating connector. This principle is sometimes referred to as "housing locking" or "connector position assurance" (CPA).

[0020] The locking device can have a latching section for latching with the mating connector, in particular with a latching hook of the mating connector. The latching section can preferably be arranged in the region of a front end of the locking device facing the mating connector. For example, a recess can be provided in the locking device directly behind the latching section in the insertion direction of the mating connector, into which recess the latching hook of the mating connector can penetrate to lock with the connector. The mating connector or its latching hook can thus engage behind the latching section.

[0021] The locking device can preferably be designed as a locking rocker. The locking rocker can have a locking section for locking with the mating connector or with its locking element. For example, the locking rocker can have a recess behind the locking section in the region of a front end of the locking rocker facing the mating connector. The locking hook of the mating connector can thus engage in the recess of the locking rocker and thus lock the plug connection. The locking rocker can have an actuating section, wherein the locking rocker can be pivoted about a rotation axis formed between the locking section and the actuating section by actuating the actuating section, for example, by a user of the plug connection, in order to unlock the plug connection by "lifting" the locking section—at least as long as the securing element is not in its locking position.Preferably, the locking device can be designed as a locking rocker of a FAKRA connector.

[0022] In an optional development of the invention, it can be provided that the connector housing forms a feed along which the securing element can be displaced from outside the connector housing in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the connector housing into the pre-locking position.

[0023] By this "radial" insertion of the securing element in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the connector housing, in particular (but not exclusively) in the case of a substantially orthogonal insertion movement, the design of the connector housing can be advantageously reduced in the longitudinal direction.

[0024] Preferably, the feed mechanism is designed to move the securing element into the pre-locking position by a linear movement in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the connector housing. However, a curved movement can also be provided.

[0025] According to the invention, the securing element is positioned in the pre-locking position in the connector housing in such a way that the securing element is moved into a pre-locking position by inserting the mating connector, in which position the securing element is mechanically clamped, wherein the connector housing forms a guide along which the securing element can be displaced from the pre-locking position into the securing position and is thereby mechanically relaxed, preferably completely mechanically clamped.

[0026] Due to the mechanical tensioning of the securing element in the pre-locking position, which represents an intermediate position between the securing position and the pre-locking position, the securing element can move from the pre-locking position to the securing position, while the securing element mechanically releases itself – optionally after an intentional release by a user. However, after the mating connector is removed, the securing element can also be designed to move from the pre-locking position back to the pre-locking position, while the securing element mechanically releases itself.

[0027] Due to the mechanical tension, the securing element thus strives for either the securing position or the pre-locking position starting from the pre-securing position.

[0028] The pre-locking position may initially be a stable position, whereby the "automatic" movement of the securing element into the locking position or pre-locking position, due to elasticity or spring force, can be triggered or controlled by the user of the connector. However, the pre-locking position may also be an unstable position, whereby the "automatic" movement of the securing element into the locking position or back into the pre-locking position, due to elasticity or spring force, occurs immediately after reaching the pre-locking position – depending on whether the mating connector is plugged into the connector or not.

[0029] Within the scope of the invention, a "pre-locking position", a "pre-locking position" or a "locking position" may mean a position (for example axially and / or radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the connector housing) and / or an orientation (for example a tilt) of the locking element.

[0030] In an advantageous development of the invention, it can be provided that the displacement path for the securing element ends in the securing position in which the securing element is positioned between a latching section of the locking device and an outer wall of the connector housing in order to block the locking device.

[0031] Preferably, in the locking position, the securing element does not protrude beyond the locking portion of the locking device with its front end facing the mating connector. The front end of the securing element can, for example, be coplanar with the outer housing of the connector in the locking position, although the securing element can also be recessed within the connector housing or form a recess.

[0032] Preferably, the displacement path of the securing element in the connector housing between the pre-locking position and the securing position is limited, in particular the axial displacement path along the longitudinal axis of the connector housing. Thus, the securing element can preferably no longer be displaced further, for example, after reaching the securing position.

[0033] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the securing element is arranged in the connector housing in the pre-locking position in such a way that the securing element is mechanically completely relaxed.

[0034] In one embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the securing element is arranged in the connector housing in the securing position in such a way that the securing element is mechanically completely relaxed.

[0035] Particularly preferably, the securing element is completely mechanically relaxed in the securing position and in the pre-locking position.

[0036] In particular, if the securing element is not mechanically tensioned in either the securing position or the pre-locking position, the service life of the securing element can be significantly increased, since longer lasting mechanical stresses (when using the plugged-in connector or when storing the individual connector) can be avoided.

[0037] Preferably, the securing element is mechanically clamped in the pre-securing position.

[0038] According to a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the feed is formed in the connector housing in such a way that the securing element can be displaced into the pre-locking position by a movement running essentially orthogonally to the longitudinal axis of the connector housing.

[0039] Thus, during insertion into the connector housing, the locking element preferably performs a radial movement or a lateral movement in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the connector housing. This movement can be linear or curved.

[0040] In addition to an orthogonal, radial, or lateral directional component of the movement of the securing element during insertion into the connector housing, an axial directional component can also be provided. For example, it can be provided that the securing element can be displaced by a movement along a straight line in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the connector housing, wherein the straight line encloses a feed angle of 1° to 90°, preferably 10° to 90°, particularly preferably 20° to 90°, very particularly preferably 45° to 90°, further preferably 70° to 90°, and even more preferably 80° to 90°, with the longitudinal axis.

[0041] The securing element may have a front end portion and a rear end portion opposite the front end portion along the longitudinal axis of the connector housing when the securing element is inserted into the connector housing.

[0042] The securing element can have a securing area at the end facing the mating connector or at the front end section, with which it can block the locking device.

[0043] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the displacement path for the securing element ends in the securing position in which the securing region of the securing element is positioned between the latching section of the locking device and the outer wall of the connector housing in order to block the locking device. Preferably, the securing region of the securing element does not protrude beyond the latching section of the locking device in the securing position. In the securing position, the securing region of the securing element can, for example, be coplanar with the outer housing of the connector, although the securing region of the securing element can also be set back in the connector housing or form a recess.

[0044] According to the invention, the securing element comprises the securing region, a support region and an intermediate spring region, wherein the securing region is arranged on the front end portion of the securing element facing the mating connector and the support region is arranged on the rear end portion of the securing element opposite the front end portion along the longitudinal axis of the connector housing when the securing element is inserted into the connector housing.

[0045] The spring region can be deformable or at least partially elastic to introduce mechanical stress into the securing element. The deformability or elasticity of the spring region can be selected such that the securing element can bend sufficiently reversibly for its intended purpose without undergoing (irreversible) plastic deformation.

[0046] The spring region can preferably be formed by one or more spring arms extending from the front end portion or a central portion of the securing element toward the rear end portion. The support region can preferably (but not exclusively) be formed directly at the free ends of the spring arm or arms, for example by laterally projecting lugs.

[0047] Preferably, two spring arms can be provided to form the spring region, extending on opposite sides of the securing element. However, three or more spring arms, four or more spring arms can also be provided.

[0048] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the securing element is positioned in the connector housing in the pre-locking position in such a way that the insertion of the mating connector leads to a displacement of the securing region of the securing element running essentially orthogonally to the longitudinal axis, while the securing element is supported by the support region on the connector housing, preferably in such a way that the spring region located therebetween is mechanically tensioned.

[0049] By displacing the securing area of ​​the securing element through the mating connector while simultaneously supporting the securing element with its support area on the connector housing, the mating connector can cause a lifting or pivoting movement of the securing element in its front end section, while the distance of the support area to the longitudinal axis of the connector housing remains (at least substantially) unchanged.

[0050] The optional (but preferred) tensioning of the spring region during displacement of the securing region can be achieved, for example, by bending the securing element in the connector housing instead of rotating the securing element. To cause the bending and thus introduce the mechanical tension into the securing element, rotation of the securing element can be mechanically prevented. For this purpose, a central section between the front end section and the rear end section of the securing element can be held axially and / or radially in the connector housing while the mating connector moves the securing element.

[0051] Preferably, the pre-locking position differs from the pre-locking position in the connector housing only by the orientation of the locking element and by the tensioning of the spring area.

[0052] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the securing area of ​​the securing element is positioned in the pre-locking position in a recess in the locking device in such a way that the securing area is located in a displacement path of a locking hook of the mating connector in order to be moved by the locking hook into the pre-locking position during the insertion of the mating connector.

[0053] Preferably, the securing area can be positioned in the recess of the locking lock, which is also engaged behind by the locking hook of the mating connector for locking the plug connection.

[0054] Because the securing area of ​​the securing element is positioned in its pre-locking position in the recess of the locking device, for example, in the recess of the aforementioned locking rocker, the securing area can be specifically (preferably exclusively) "lifted out" of the recess using the locking hook of the mating connector. Preferably, the securing element cannot otherwise be moved from the pre-locking position to the pre-locking position or to the securing position for securing the primary locking. According to the invention, this allows a "locking prevention function" to be realized.

[0055] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the securing element in the securing position blocks the locking device with the securing area in a form-fitting manner.

[0056] In particular, a positive blocking of the locking device by the securing element can lead to a force-free storage of the securing element in the securing position and at the same time to a secure locking of the plug connection.

[0057] For example, the securing element can be provided in its securing position to positively block a locking mechanism of the electrical connector, designed as a locking rocker, thereby preventing unintentional unlocking or actuation of the locking rocker by an object or a user of the connector. For this purpose, the securing element can, for example, be inserted in the securing position in a positively locking manner between the locking rocker and an outer shell or outer wall of the connector housing, whereby the locking rocker can no longer be rotated toward the outer shell and is thus secured.

[0058] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the securing element is spaced apart from the mating connector in the securing position.

[0059] Preferably, it can be provided that at least the locking hook of the mating connector is spaced apart from the securing element in the securing position of the securing element in order not to permanently subject the securing element to mechanical stress.

[0060] In principle, the mating connector and the locking element can also touch each other (without applying force). However, a safety distance may be preferable, particularly due to tolerances during connector manufacturing, to ensure the locking element is free of force.

[0061] In an advantageous development of the invention, it can be provided that the securing element has at least one guide pin.

[0062] Preferably, two guide pins are provided, wherein the guide pins protrude laterally from the securing element.

[0063] The at least one guide pin can be engaged with the guide of the connector housing for moving the securing element into the pre-locking position in order to guide the securing element during the movement into the pre-locking position.

[0064] In this case, the feed can preferably be designed in the form of one or more guide grooves or guide channels. The guide groove or guide grooves can preferably run along an inner surface of a side wall of the outer shell or a side wall of the connector housing. The side wall of the connector housing preferably runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the connector housing, at least in a section relevant to the securing element. Preferably, two guide grooves are provided, which run along opposite inner surfaces of the side wall of the connector housing.

[0065] The guide groove(s) can specify the above-described movement for displacing the securing element from outside the connector housing into the pre-locking position. The movement, and thus the guide groove(s), can preferably be linear or curved. The guide groove(s) can be designed such that the movement of the securing element upon insertion into the connector housing has an axial directional component in addition to an orthogonal, radial, or lateral directional component, as already described above.

[0066] The feed may have a funnel-shaped insertion area and / or a ramp in order to advantageously insert the guide pin(s), in particular into the guide grooves.

[0067] It can also be provided that the feed is designed as at least one elongated hole within the connector housing. However, the described variant with the guide grooves is preferred. In principle, however, the specific design of the feed is not necessarily important.

[0068] The at least one guide pin can also engage with a lateral guide of the connector housing for moving the securing element from the pre-securing position into the securing position in order to guide the securing element during the movement into the securing position.

[0069] Particularly preferably, the lateral guide runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the connector housing (i.e., in the axial direction). The lateral guide can extend along the side wall(s) of the connector housing, through which the feed line may also run.

[0070] For this purpose, the lateral guide of the connector housing can preferably be designed as at least one elongated hole. In this case, the at least one guide pin can be guided in a captive manner, which makes the lateral guide or the guide of the securing element from the pre-locking position to the locking position particularly robust.

[0071] Preferably, two elongated holes are provided which run through opposite side walls of the outer shell or side walls of the connector housing and which guide two corresponding lateral guide pins of the securing element.

[0072] A slotted hole can also be suitable for mechanically clamping the securing element during the lifting of the securing area (by the mating connector) while simultaneously supporting the securing element with its support area, since the slotted hole can block a radial movement component of the securing element.

[0073] A slotted hole for guiding the guide pin can also be suitable for visual inspection, allowing the condition of the locking element to be easily determined, particularly to allow an installer to easily and reliably detect when the locking element has reached its locking position. For this purpose, suitable color contrasts can be selected between the connector housing and the guide pin, if necessary.

[0074] In principle, however, the lateral guide can also be designed in the form of guide grooves or guide channels. The specific design of the lateral guide is not necessarily important according to the invention. However, a design of the lateral guide as elongated holes, as described above, is particularly preferred.

[0075] The guide pin can also be designed to securely connect the securing element to the connector housing, preferably in the pre-locking position and / or in the pre-locking position and / or in the securing position. Particularly preferably, the guide pin securely connects the securing element to the connector housing in any orientation or position.

[0076] In particular, it can be provided that the securing element is connected to the connector housing in such a captive manner that it can no longer be removed from the connector housing without causing damage.

[0077] Preferably, the securing element is captively connected in the pre-locking position by the guide pins engaging the lateral guide of the connector housing, for example, by the guide pins engaging in a corresponding elongated hole after the securing element has been inserted from outside the connector and the pre-locking position has been reached, or by engaging behind the elongated holes after the pre-locking position has been reached. For this purpose, a ramp can optionally be provided within the feeder and / or in the guide pins.

[0078] In an advantageous development of the invention, it can be provided that the securing element has at least one locking element on the front end section.

[0079] Preferably, two locking elements are provided, wherein the locking elements protrude laterally from the securing element, for example in the form of locking hooks or locking arms.

[0080] Particularly preferably, the securing area of ​​the securing element is arranged between the two locking elements.

[0081] The locking element can be engaged with a lateral guide of the connector housing for moving the securing element from the pre-locking position to the pre-locking position in order to guide the securing element during the movement to the pre-locking position.

[0082] The lateral guide can be formed in the side walls of the connector housing, through which the feed and / or the lateral guide may also run.

[0083] The lateral guide can preferably be designed in the form of one or more lateral guide grooves. Preferably, two lateral guide grooves are provided, which run along opposite inner surfaces of the side walls of the connector housing.

[0084] The lateral guide groove(s) can specify the above-described stroke movement for the displacement of the securing area of ​​the securing element by the mating connector until the pre-locking position is reached. The movement of the securing area and thus the lateral guide groove(s) can preferably be straight or curved. The lateral guide groove(s) can be designed such that the movement of the securing area upon insertion of the mating connector into the connector housing is essentially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the connector housing. However, an axial directional component can also be provided if necessary.

[0085] The lateral guide can have a funnel-shaped insertion area and / or a ramp in order to advantageously insert the locking element(s), in particular into the lateral guide grooves.

[0086] The at least one locking element can engage in a locking recess of the connector housing to lock the securing element in the securing position and / or in the pre-locking position.

[0087] The locking recess can preferably be formed as a depression in the connector housing, in particular in opposing inner surfaces of the already described side walls of the outer shell.

[0088] In an advantageous development of the invention, it can be provided that the guide of the connector housing is designed such that the securing element can be displaced from the pre-securing position into the securing position by a substantially axial movement along the longitudinal axis of the connector housing in the direction of the mating connector.

[0089] The guide of the connector housing can in particular guide the support area, for example two lugs protruding laterally from the securing element.

[0090] According to the invention, it is provided that the guide of the connector housing is designed to guide the support region of the securing element in such a way that the support region executes a radial movement in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the connector housing during the axial displacement of the securing element from the pre-securing position into the securing position.

[0091] This allows the spring area of ​​the securing element to be (re)relaxed.

[0092] The guide of the connector housing can, for example, have an axial section followed by a mixed radial / axial section (i.e. a "slanted" section), possibly followed by a further axial section, in particular in the form of an elongated "S-curve".

[0093] The guide can preferably be designed as one or more grooves. A design with one or more elongated holes or another type of guide can also be provided. The guide is preferably provided in the aforementioned side walls of the connector housing.

[0094] The guide preferably has a first guide section extending substantially axially, preferably parallel to the longitudinal axis of the connector housing, and a second guide section adjoining the first guide section in the direction of the mating connector and tapering obliquely toward the longitudinal axis of the mating connector. The second guide section preferably extends obliquely toward the longitudinal axis of the connector housing.

[0095] Preferably, the guide of the connector housing together with the support area of ​​the securing element forms a link control, wherein the guide positively guides the support area, in particular lateral lugs of the securing element.

[0096] The guide pin together with the feed, the guide pin together with the lateral guide and / or the locking element together with the lateral guide can each be designed in the form of a link control.

[0097] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the securing element is formed in one piece.

[0098] In principle, however, the securing element can also be constructed in multiple parts, whereby, for example, the securing area, the support area, and / or the intermediate spring area can be formed from independent components that together form the securing element. However, the securing element is particularly preferably constructed in one piece.

[0099] Preferably, the securing element can be made of a plastic.

[0100] In one embodiment of the invention, the securing element can be provided with an actuating region. The actuating region can preferably be arranged at the rear end portion of the securing element. The actuating region can be used by a user of the plug connection to move the securing element from the pre-locking position to the locking position—or vice versa—with a tool or by manual actuation, for example, using a finger (or to trigger an automatic, spring-force-based movement).

[0101] By axially moving the securing element back against the insertion movement of the mating connector, for example, using a tool or by shifting the actuating area of ​​the securing element, the primary locking mechanism or the locking device can be released again if necessary. Before releasing the locking mechanism, it may be necessary to release a locking mechanism between the locking elements of the securing element and the locking recesses of the connector housing, for example, by applying increased force.

[0102] During the return movement of the securing element from the securing position to the pre-securing position, the securing element or the spring area of ​​the securing element can be tensioned again.

[0103] As long as the mating connector has not yet been unplugged from the connector or as long as the locking mechanism, for example, a locking rocker, for unlocking the mating connector has not yet been released, the securing element cannot move back from the pre-locking position to the pre-locking position, as the locking hook of the mating connector still blocks further movement of the securing element. Only when the mating connector is unplugged or the locking hook of the mating connector is removed from the recess can the securing element be moved back to the pre-locking position, preferably automatically.

[0104] Advantageously, a stress-free secured locking element or a stress-free secured CPA can be provided. Preferably, the locking element is mounted stress-free in the electrical connector both in the pre-locking position and in the securing position.

[0105] The invention also relates to an electrical plug connection according to claim 14.

[0106] Preferably, the securing element in the pre-locking position is only mechanically loaded by the insertion of the mating connector, in that a front end section of the securing element is "lifted" by the mating connector into the pre-locking position.

[0107] According to the invention, an electrical plug connection with a fuse element or with a CPA can advantageously be realized in a very small installation space.

[0108] According to a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the mating connector has a latching hook which is designed to latch with the locking device of the connector when the mating connector is plugged into the connector.

[0109] During insertion of the mating connector, the locking hook can penetrate into the connector housing of the connector in such a way that the locking hook moves the securing element from the pre-locking position into the pre-locking position.

[0110] Due to its high vibration resistance and long service life, the connector is suitable for transmitting high-priority electrical data signals and / or for transmitting electrical supply signals with a potential hazard or with high safety requirements (such as in the case of a high-voltage connection). The connector according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for use in a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle.

[0111] In principle, the connector can also be well suited for the transmission of optical signals or the transmission of electromagnetic waves.

[0112] The term "vehicle" describes any means of transport, in particular vehicles on land, water or in the air, including spacecraft.

[0113] Possible applications include autonomous driving, driver assistance systems, navigation systems, infotainment systems, rear-seat entertainment systems, internet connections, and wireless gigabit (IEEE 802.11ad standard). Potential applications include high-resolution cameras, such as 4K and 8K cameras, sensors, onboard computers, high-resolution displays, high-resolution dashboards, 3D navigation devices, and mobile devices.

[0114] The plug connection according to the invention is, in principle, suitable for any application within the entire field of electrical engineering and is not limited to use in automotive engineering.

[0115] The electrical connector and the electrical connection are also not limited to a specific connector type; the invention is particularly suitable for connectors and connections for high-frequency technology. These can be, in particular, connectors and connections of the PL, BNC, TNC, SMBA (FAKRA), SMA, SMB, SMS, SMC, SMP, BMS, HFM (FAKRA-Mini), H-MTD, BMK, Mini-Coax, or MATE-AX types.

[0116] The invention is particularly preferably suitable for use with an electrical connector or an electrical plug connection according to a waterproof FAKRA standard, for example for transmitting camera signals and / or for mounting in the area of ​​exterior mirrors or bumpers of a motor vehicle.

[0117] The invention can be equally suitable for angled connectors as well as for non-angled or straight connectors.

[0118] Features described in connection with the electrical connector according to the invention can, of course, also be advantageously implemented for the electrical plug connection – and vice versa. Furthermore, advantages already mentioned in connection with the electrical connector according to the invention can also be understood to apply to the electrical plug connection – and vice versa.

[0119] It should also be noted that terms such as "comprising," "having," or "with" do not exclude other features or steps. Furthermore, terms such as "a" or "the," which indicate a singular number of steps or features, do not exclude a plurality of features or steps—and vice versa.

[0120] In a purist embodiment of the invention, however, it may also be provided that the features introduced in the invention with the terms "comprising," "having," or "with" are listed exhaustively. Accordingly, one or more lists may be considered complete within the scope of the invention, for example, for each claim. The invention may, for example, consist exclusively of the features mentioned in claim 1.

[0121] Furthermore, it should be emphasized that the values ​​and parameters described herein include deviations or fluctuations of ±10% or less, preferably ±5% or less, more preferably ±1% or less, and most preferably ±0.1% or less of the respective specified value or parameter, provided that these deviations are not excluded in the practical implementation of the invention. The specification of ranges by initial and final values ​​also includes all those values ​​and fractions enclosed by the respective specified range, in particular the initial and final values ​​and a respective mean value.

[0122] In the following, embodiments of the invention are described in more detail with reference to the drawing.

[0123] The figures each show preferred embodiments in which individual features of the present invention are illustrated in combination with one another. Features of one embodiment can also be implemented independently of the other features of the same embodiment and can therefore be readily combined by a person skilled in the art to form further useful combinations and subcombinations with features of other embodiments.

[0124] In the figures, functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

[0125] They show schematically: Figure 1 shows an electrical connector according to the invention with a connector housing, a locking device and a securing element in a pre-locking position, in a perspective view; Figure 2 shows the connector of the Figure 1 in a sectional view along section line II of the Figure 4 ; Figure 3 the connector of the Figure 1 in a sectional view along section line III of the Figure 4 ; Figure 4 the connector of the Figure 1 in a front view; Figure 5 the connector of the Figure 1 and a corresponding mating connector not yet plugged into the connector in a side view; Figure 6 shows an electrical plug connection, comprising the electrical connector and the fully plugged-in electrical mating connector, with the fuse element in the pre-fuse position in a partially sectioned side view according to section line II of Figure 4 ; Figure 7 the secured electrical plug connection with the securing element in the securing position in a partially sectioned side view according to section line II of Figure 4; Figure 8 the secured plug connection of the Figure 7 in a partially sectioned side view according to section line III of the Figure 4 ; Figure 9the secured plug connection of the Figure 7 in a perspective view, with the mating connector hidden; Figure 10 the secured plug connection of the Figure 7 during the release of the securing element in a side view; Figure 11 an enlarged detail of the connector of the Figure 1 in a perspective view; Figure 12 shows the electrical connector with the securing element in a not yet mounted position outside the connector housing in a side view; and Figure 13 shows the securing element in a perspective individual view.

[0126] Figure 1 shows an electrical connector 1 according to the invention in a perspective view. Figures 2 to 4 show the connector 1 in the Figure 1 shown condition in further illustrations, furthermore shows Figure 11 an enlarged section of the connector 1 in perspective view.

[0127] The electrical connector 1 has a connector housing 2, for example, a plastic housing. The connector housing 2 forms an outer shell with two side walls 3, which have opposing inner surfaces 4.

[0128] The connector 1 further comprises a locking device 5 for locking the connector 1 with a corresponding mating connector 6. In the exemplary embodiment, the locking device 5 is designed as a rocker switch.

[0129] A locked electrical connector 7, comprising the electrical connector 1 and the electrical mating connector 6, is in the Figures 6 to 8 and 10 shown.

[0130] The mating connector 6 can, for example, engage behind a recess 9 of the locking rocker or the locking device 5 by means of a locking hook 8 and in this way form a so-called primary lock together with the locking device 5. This is particularly well suited in the Figures 6 and 7 visible. To unlock the mating connector 6, an actuating section 10 of the locking rocker or the locking safety device 5 can be actuated in the direction of the longitudinal axis L of the connector 1 in order to raise a locking section 11 of the locking rocker or the locking safety device 5 opposite the actuating section 10 in order to release the locking hook 8 of the mating connector 6. Such locking rockers or locking safety devices 5 or primary safety devices are already known in principle, which is why the exact functional principle will not be discussed in detail.

[0131] The electrical connector 1 further comprises a securing element 12 that can be moved between a pre-locking position and a securing position, which blocks the locking device 5 in the securing position to prevent unintentional unlocking of the mating connector 6. A securing element 12 for securing a primary locking is also known as "Connector Position Assurance" (CPA). The securing element 12 is in Figure 13 shown separately in a perspective view. The securing element 12 is formed as a single piece in the exemplary embodiment, but can also be formed in multiple parts. The securing element 12 is preferably made of a plastic.

[0132] The Figures 1 to 5 and 11 show the securing element 12 in the pre-locking position, whereas the Figures 7 to 10 the securing element 12 in the securing position.

[0133] How particularly well based on Figure 7 As can be seen, in the securing position, the securing element 12 positively blocks the locking device 5 or the locking rocker with a securing area 13. For this purpose, the securing area 13 of the securing element 12 is positioned between the locking section 11 of the locking device 5 and an outer wall 2.1 of the connector housing 2. Preferably, the securing element 12 or its securing area 13 can no longer be displaced axially in the direction of the mating connector 6 from the securing position. Preferably, the displacement path of the securing element 12 ends such that the securing area 13 of the securing element 12 does not protrude beyond the locking section 11 from the connector housing 2.

[0134] It is intended that the connector housing 2 forms a feed. The feed is formed by two guide grooves 14 running along the two inner surfaces 4 of the side walls 3 of the connector housing 2. The guide grooves 14 are particularly well suited to Figure 9 recognizable and shown in dashed lines in Figure 12. The securing element 12 can be moved along the feed or along the guide grooves 14 from outside the connector housing 2 for its assembly in the direction of the longitudinal axis L of the connector housing 2 into the pre-locking position, as shown in Figure 12 The securing element 12 can be displaced into the pre-locking position by a movement essentially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis L of the connector housing 2.

[0135] The securing element 12 has guide pins 15 on both sides, which can be brought into engagement with the feed or with the guide grooves 14 of the connector housing 2 for moving the securing element 12 into the pre-locking position in order to guide the securing element 12 during the movement into the pre-locking position.

[0136] Furthermore, it can be provided that the securing element 12 is captively connected to the connector housing 2 in the pre-locking position. In the exemplary embodiment, the guide pins 15 engage behind a lateral guide of the connector housing 2, which in the exemplary embodiment is formed by two opposing elongated holes or elongated holes 16 in the side walls 3 of the connector housing 2. To facilitate the insertion of the securing element 12 or the guide pins 15 into the elongated holes 16, the guide pins 15 have an optional bevel.

[0137] The securing element 12 is arranged in the pre-locking position in the connector housing 2 such that the securing element 12 is mechanically completely relaxed.

[0138] In the pre-locking position, the securing element 12 is also positioned in the connector housing 2 in such a way that the securing element 12 is moved into a pre-locking position by inserting the mating connector 6, in which the securing element 12 is mechanically clamped. The pre-locking position is in Figure 6 shown.

[0139] As can be seen from the Figure 6The insertion of the mating connector 6 leads to a displacement of the securing region 13 of the securing element 12 (i.e., a "lifting movement") extending essentially orthogonally to the longitudinal axis L of the connector housing 2, while the securing element 12 simultaneously supports itself with its rear end portion on the connector housing 2. For this purpose, the securing element 12 has a support region in its rear end portion, which is formed by two laterally projecting lugs 17 (cf., for example, Figure 13 ). By supporting the securing element 12 with its support area or with the lugs 17 on the connector housing 2 in combination with the positive guidance of the guide pins 15 of the securing element 12 in the elongated holes 16, a spring area arranged between the securing area 13 and the support area is tensioned, which is formed by two spring arms 18 (cf. Figure 13 ) is formed.

[0140] It can be seen that the securing area 13 of the securing element 12 is positioned in the pre-locking position in the recess 9 of the locking device 5 or the locking rocker such that the securing area 13 is located in the displacement path of the locking hook 8 of the mating connector 6. By inserting the mating connector 6, the securing area 13 of the securing element 12 can be raised and thus moved into the pre-locking position.

[0141] The securing element 12 can have at least one locking element 19, in the exemplary embodiment two locking elements 19, at its front end section (cf. for example Figure 13). The securing element 12 is arranged between the two locking elements 19. The locking elements 19 can engage with a lateral guide of the connector housing 2 for displacing the securing element 12 from the pre-locking position into the pre-locking position in order to guide the securing element 12 during the displacement into the pre-locking position. In the exemplary embodiment, the lateral guide is formed by two lateral guide grooves 20 on the inner surfaces 4 of the side walls 3 of the connector housing 2 (cf., for example, Figure 1 ).

[0142] It is further provided that the connector housing 2 forms a guide along which the securing element 12 can be displaced from the pre-securing position into the securing position while mechanically releasing the tension. In the exemplary embodiment, the guide is formed by two grooves 21 formed in the side walls 3 (see, for example, Figure 1 or Figure 9). At the same time, the securing element 12 is guided by its guide pins 15 in the elongated holes 16.

[0143] Because the securing element 12 is tensioned in the pre-securing position, it strives for the relaxed securing position and can move into the securing position independently, optionally upon release by a user.

[0144] The guide or the two grooves 21 of the connector housing 2 are designed such that the securing element 12, in addition to a substantially axial movement along the longitudinal axis L of the connector housing 2 in the direction of the mating connector 6, also experiences a tilting movement as the support region or the two lugs 17 of the securing element 12 approach the longitudinal axis L of the connector housing 2. The grooves 21 thus have an axial section followed by a mixed axial / radial section or an oblique section.

[0145] The securing element 12 can advantageously be spaced apart from the mating connector 6 in the securing position, in particular spaced apart from the locking hook 8 of the mating connector 6, as is particularly well shown in Figure 7 This can prevent stress on the securing element 12.

[0146] It can be provided that the securing element 12 in the securing position engages with its locking elements 19 in corresponding locking recesses 22 of the connector housing 2 (cf. Figure 4 ).

[0147] It should be emphasized that the Figures 1 to 12 The electrical connector 1 shown and the described fuse element 12 are to be understood as examples only.

[0148] In principle, the invention is suitable for use with a connector 1 of any design or for use with any electrical plug connection 7. However, the electrical connector 1 is preferably designed as a FAKRA connector (in particular as a waterproof FAKRA connector), as shown in the exemplary embodiment.

Claims

1. An electrical plug connector (1), having a plug connector housing (2), a locking securement means (5) for locking the plug connector (1) to a corresponding electrical mating plug connector (6), and a securing element (12) displaceable between a pre-latching position and a securing position, wherein the securing element (12) blocks the locking securement means (5) in the securing position to prevent unlocking of the mating plug connector (6), characterized in that the securing element (12) is positioned in the pre-latching position in the plug connector housing (2) in such a way that the securing element (12) is brought by the insertion of the mating plug connector (6) into a pre-securing position in which the securing element (12) is mechanically tensioned, wherein the plug connector housing (2) forms a guide (21) along which the securing element (12) is displaceable from the pre-securing position into the securing position and in so doing mechanically relaxes, wherein the securing element (12) has a securing region (13), a support region (17) and a spring region (18) in-between, wherein the securing region (13) is arranged at a front end portion of the securing element (12) facing the mating plug connector (6) and the support region (17) is arranged at a rear end portion of the securing element (12) opposite the front end portion along the longitudinal axis (L) of the plug connector housing (2) when the securing element (12) is inserted into the plug connector housing (2), and wherein the guide (21) of the plug connector housing (2) is designed to guide the support region (17) of the securing element (12) in such a way that the support region (17) performs a radial movement in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L) of the plug connector housing (2) during the axial displacement of the securing element (12) from the pre-securing position into the securing position.

2. The electrical plug connector (1) as claimed in claim 1, chracterized in that the plug connector housing (2) forms a feed (14) along which the securing element (12) is displaceable from outside the plug connector housing (2) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L) of the plug connector housing (2) into the pre-latching position.

3. The electrical plug connector (1) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the displacement path for the securing element (12) ends in the securing position in which the securing element (12) is positioned between a detent portion (11) of the locking securement means (5) and an outer wall (2.1) of the plug connector housing (2) to block the locking securement means (5).

4. The electrical plug connector (1) as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the feed (14) is formed in the plug connector housing (2) in such a way that the securing element (12) is displaceable into the pre-latching position by a movement running substantially orthogonally to the longitudinal axis (L) of the plug connector housing (2).

5. The electrical plug connector (1) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the securing element (12) is positioned in the pre-latching position in the plug connector housing (2) in such a way that the insertion of the mating plug connector (6) leads to a displacement of the securing region (13) of the securing element (12) running substantially orthogonally to the longitudinal axis (L), while the securing element (12) is supported with the support region (17) on the plug connector housing (2) in such a way that the spring region (18) in-between is mechanically braced.

6. The electrical plug connector (1) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the securing region (13) of the securing element (12) in the pre-latching position is positioned in a recess (9) in the locking securement means (5) in such a way that the securing region (13) is in a displacement path of a detent hook (8) of the mating plug connector (6) in order to be displaced by the detent hook (8) into the pre-securing position during insertion of the mating plug connector (6).

7. The electrical plug connector (1) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the securing element (12) is spaced from the mating plug connector (6) in the securing position.

8. The electrical plug connector (1) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the securing element (12) has at least one guide pin (15) which is engaged with a side guide (16) of the plug connector housing (2) for displacing the securing element (12) from the pre-securing position into the securing position in order to guide the securing element (12) during the displacement into the securing position.

9. The electrical plug connector (1) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the securing element (12) has at least one guide pin (15) which connects the securing element (12) captively to the plug connector housing (2).

10. The electrical plug connector (1) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the securing element (12) has, at the front end portion, at least one detent element (19) which is engaged with a lateral guide (20) of the plug connector housing (2) for displacing the securing element (12) from the pre-latching position into the pre-securing position in order to guide the securing element (12) during the displacement into the pre-securing position.

11. The electrical plug connector (1) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the securing element (12) has, at the front end portion, at least one detent element (19) which engages in a detent recess (22) of the plug connector housing (2) to latch the securing element (12) in the securing position.

12. The electrical plug connector (1) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the securing element (12) is formed in one part.

13. An electrical plug connection (7), having an electrical plug connector (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12 and the electrical mating plug connector (6) corresponding to the plug connector (1).

14. The electrical plug connector (7) as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that the mating plug connector (6) has a detent hook (8) which is designed to latch with the locking securement means (5) of the plug connector (1) when the mating plug connector (6) is inserted into the plug connector (1), wherein the detent hook (8) penetrates into the plug connector housing (2) of the plug connector (1) during the insertion of the mating plug connector (6), in such a way that the detent hook (8) moves the securing element (12) from the pre-latching position into the pre-securing position.

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