Bolt mechanism actuation system

Abstract

This actuation system comprises a cylinder (32) and an electronic locking device (94). The electronic locking device (94) is entirely located outside the cylinder (32) and comprises: - a stop (150) that can be moved reversibly between: - an active position in which the stop blocks the rotation of a wheel (120) of a coupling mechanism that mechanically connects the cylinder to a bolt mechanism, and - an inactive position in which the stop releases the rotation of the wheel (120), - an electrically controllable actuator (152) capable of moving the stop from its inactive position to its active position, and - a control unit (50) capable of receiving a command to lock the cylinder and, in response, of controlling the electric actuator to move the stop from its inactive position to its active position.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a system for actuating a bolt mechanism. The invention also relates to a door strip comprising this actuating system.

[0002] Such actuation systems are used in locks and in particular in electronic door locks. The actuation systems allow the bolt mechanism to be moved between a protruding state and a retracted state. In the protruding state, the bolts of the bolt mechanism are in an extended position in which they lock the door in a closed position by form-fitting cooperation with a door frame. In the retracted state, the bolts are in a retracted position in which the door can be freely moved from its closed position to its open position.

[0003] Application EP0526904A1 discloses a system for actuating a bolt mechanism. This actuating system comprises a mechanical and electronic cylinder. This mechanical and electronic cylinder comprises an electronic locking device which makes it possible to remotely lock the rotation of the cylinder rotor using a key authorized to unlock this cylinder. Thus, this electronic locking device makes it possible to lock the cylinder, i.e. to make it unusable to open the door in which the actuating system is installed. This is useful, for example, for locking the cylinder in the event of loss or theft of the authorized key.

[0004] The electronic locking devices of different manufacturers of such cylinders are not compatible with each other. Therefore, when replacing one cylinder with another, for reasons of compatibility with the old electronic locking device, the entire cylinder must be replaced and a new one chosen from those offered by the same manufacturer must be chosen. This limits the available choices, particularly in terms of characteristics for the mechanical part of the cylinder.

[0005] Also known from the state of the art is EP3933153A1. This document discloses a device, to be fixed on one side of a door, which makes it possible to motorize an existing mechanical cylinder. However, this device does not include an electronic locking device.

[0006] EP2199501A1 discloses the preamble of claim 1.

[0007] The invention aims to propose an actuation system which includes such an electronic locking device while offering a wider choice of cylinders.

[0008] Its subject is therefore a system for actuating a bolt mechanism in accordance with claim 1.

[0009] It also relates to a door strip comprising this system for actuating a bolt mechanism.

[0010] The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely as a non-limiting example and made with reference to the drawings in which: there figure 1 is a schematic and perspective illustration of a door equipped with a door strip, the figure 2 is a schematic illustration of the architecture of the door band of the figure 1 ; there figure 3is a schematic illustration of a mechanical connection between the shaft of an electric motor and an input shaft of a differential, implemented in the door strip of the figure 1 ; there figure 4 is a schematic illustration, in perspective, of a mechanical connection between a mechanical cylinder and an input shaft of a differential, implemented in the door strip of the figure 1 ; THE figures 5, 6 And 7 are front view illustrations of the mechanical connection of the figure 4 in different operating states; the figure 8 is a schematic illustration of part of a differential implemented in the headband of the figure 1 ; there figure 9 is a schematic illustration of the architecture of another possible embodiment for the differential of the headband of the figure 1 .

[0011] In the remainder of this description, features and functions well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail. In these figures, the same references are used to designate the same elements.

[0012] In this description, detailed examples of embodiments are first described in a chapter I with reference to the figures. Then, in a chapter II, variants of these embodiments are presented. Finally, the advantages of the different embodiments are introduced in a chapter III. CHAPTER I : EXAMPLES OF EMBODIMENTS

[0013] There figure 1 represents a door 2 of a dwelling. This door 2 is movable between an open position, represented on the figure 1 , and a closed position. In the open position, access to the interior of the housing is possible. In the closed position, access to the interior of this housing is prohibited.

[0014] To lock door 2 in its closed position, an electronic lock is fixed without any degree of freedom on door 2. Here, this electronic lock is a multi-point door strip 4 mounted on the inner side of door 2.

[0015] This strip 4 is in the form of a box 6 inside which is housed a bolt mechanism 10 ( figure 2 ) and a 12 system ( figure 2 ) for actuating the mechanism 10. Here, the strip 4 also includes a handle 14 which allows the door 2 to be moved between its open and closed positions. The housing 6 is here fixed along the vertical edge of the door 2 located on the side opposite the hinges.

[0016] The bolt mechanism 10 comprises bolts. Each of these bolts is movable between an extended position and a retracted position. In the extended position, each bolt is received in a corresponding cavity provided in a frame or a chassis 14 fixed without any degree of freedom on the frame, to lock the door 2 in its closed position. In its retracted position, each bolt is pressed inside the housing 6 and located outside the cavity provided in the frame 14. Thus, when all the bolts are in their retracted position, the door 2 can be freely moved from its closed position to its open position.

[0017] On the figure 1 , four bolts 20 are shown in their extended position to make them more visible even if the door 2 is in its open position. For example, each bolt 20 is a cylindrical bar movable in translation between its extended and retracted positions.

[0018] The actuation system 12 makes it possible to move the mechanism 10 from a protruding state to a retracted state and vice versa. In the protruding state, at least one bolt 20 is in its extended position. Here, in the protruding state, all the bolts 20 are in their extended position. In the retracted state, all the bolts 20 are in their retracted position. For this purpose, for example, the system 12 comprises a toothed wheel meshed with a rack of the bolt mechanism 10. When this toothed wheel rotates, in a first direction, this moves the mechanism 10 from its protruding state to its retracted state. When this same toothed wheel rotates in the opposite direction, this moves the mechanism 10 from the retracted state to its protruding state.

[0019] The operation of the system 12 for moving the mechanism 10 from its retracted state to its protruding state is deduced from the explanations given in the case where the system 12 is used to move the mechanism 10 from its protruding state to its retracted state. Thus, in the following, the description is mainly made in the case where the system 12 is used to move the mechanism 10 to its retracted state.

[0020] To move the mechanism 10 between its protruding and retracted states, the system 12 comprises an electric motor 30 ( figure 2 ) and a 32 emergency device. On the figure 1 , only device 32 is visible.

[0021] The device 32 is described as "emergency" because it is primarily intended to move the mechanism 10 from its protruding state to its retracted state in the event of unavailability of the electric motor 30. The motor 30 is said to be "unavailable" when it cannot be used to move the mechanism 10 from its protruding state to its retracted state. Such unavailability may result from a failure of the motor 30 or another element of the actuation system 12. This unavailability may also result, for example, from a cutoff in the electrical power supply to the motor 30.

[0022] There figure 1also represents an orthogonal XYZ coordinate system. The Z direction of this coordinate system corresponds to the vertical. The X and Y directions are horizontal. The X direction is parallel to the vertical plane in which the door mainly extends. The X direction is directed from the edge of the door along which the strip 4 is fixed, towards the hinges of this door. The Y direction is directed from the inner side to the outer side of the door 2. The figures 3 to 8 are oriented relative to this same XYZ reference frame.

[0023] There figure 2 schematically represents the architecture of the actuation system 12. To be able to move the mechanism 10 to its retracted state even in the event of a power cut to the motor 30 and without compromising the safety of access to the housing, the device 32 comprises: an unlocking member 46 capable of moving the bolt mechanism 10 into its retracted state when it is driven in movement, and an access authorization mechanism capable of authorizing the driving in movement of the member 46 only when a key authorized to open the door is used.

[0024] In this embodiment, the device 32 is a mechanical cylinder devoid of any electronic component that requires power to operate. In this case, the unlocking member 46 is a bit that moves in rotation. Subsequently, the same reference numerals 32 and 46 are used to designate, respectively, this mechanical cylinder and this bit.

[0025] Here, the cylinder 32 is a mechanical cylinder in European format. In this embodiment, it comprises two half-cylinders accessible, respectively, from the inner and outer sides of the door 2. Thus, the cylinder 32 can be used both from the outer side of the door 2 and from its inner side. For this, the strip 4 comprises a housing passing right through the housing 6 in the Y direction and into which a first portion of the cylinder 32 can be inserted. This housing is located opposite a hole passing through the door 2 in the Y direction and into which a second portion of the cylinder 32 can be inserted. Here, the vertical section of the housing and the hole are identical and are each capable of allowing the insertion of the cylinder 32. Thus, when the cylinder 32 is received in this housing and this hole, the cylinder 32 is accessible both from the outer side and from the inner side.Conventionally, the cylinder 32 is only fixed, without any degree of freedom, to the door 2 using a screw whose screw head is only accessible from the vertical edge of the door 2 or from a vertical face of the housing 6 parallel to this vertical edge of the door 2.

[0026] The cylinder 32 comprises a rotor 40 rotatably mounted inside a fixed stator 42. The stator 42 is fixed, without any degree of freedom, on the door 2. The rotor 40 comprises a key channel 44 which opens on the inner side and on the outer side. This channel 44 is intended to receive a key. The rotor 40 can be rotated about its axis of rotation only when an authorized key is inserted inside the channel 44 and then turned. An authorized key is a key authorized to move the mechanism 10 to its retracted state. Conversely, in the absence of a key inside the channel 44 or in the presence of an unauthorized key inside the channel 44, the rotor 40 is blocked in rotation and cannot rotate about its axis of rotation.

[0027] Typically, for this purpose, the access authorization mechanism of the cylinder 32 comprises a first set of pins movable in translation inside the stator 42 and, opposite, a second set of pins movable in translation inside the rotor 40 by the key inserted into the channel 44. The pins of the first set are also known as "counter pins". When an authorized key is inserted inside the channel 44, the interfaces between the pins of the first and second sets of pins are all located at the interface between the rotor 40 and the stator 42, which releases rotation of the rotor 40. The interface between the rotor 40 and the stator 42 is also known as the "break line".Conversely, in the absence of a key in the channel 44 or in the presence of an unauthorized key, the interfaces between the pins of the first and second sets of pins are not all located at the interface between the rotor 40 and the stator 42, which prevents rotation of the rotor 40 and therefore rotation of the bit 46.

[0028] When rotation of the rotor 40 is prevented by the first and second sets of pins, the rotor 40 is in a particular angular position relative to the stator 42. This particular angular position is hereinafter referred to as the rest position. A key can be fully inserted into or removed from the channel 44 only when the rotor 40 is in this rest position. Once the rotor 40 is angularly offset from this rest position, generally, the key cannot be removed from the channel 44. Hereinafter, these positions of the rotor 40 angularly offset from the rest position are referred to as "rotated positions".

[0029] In the cylinder 32, the bit 46 is rotated by the rotor 40 when this rotor is turned. It is the rotation of this bit 46 which makes it possible to actuate the movement of the mechanism 10 towards its retracted state.

[0030] The motor 30 comprises a drive shaft 48. When the motor 30 is commanded to move the mechanism 10 to its retracted state, it is the rotation of the shaft 48 which actuates the movement of the mechanism 10.

[0031] To control the motor 30, the system 12 comprises a control unit 50. This unit 50 is capable of receiving an unlocking command and, in response, of controlling the motor 30 so that the shaft 48 rotates in a first direction which moves the mechanism 10 to its retracted state. For this purpose, the unit 50 comprises a programmable microprocessor 52 and a non-volatile memory 54 comprising the instructions to be executed by the microprocessor 52. The memory 54 comprises all of the instructions and data necessary to execute the various functions described in this text. In addition, the various components of the unit 50 are connected to each other via an information transmission bus 58.

[0032] Here, to receive the unlocking command, the unit 50 comprises a transmitter / receiver 56 capable of establishing a wireless communication link with a remote mobile terminal 55 via a long-distance telecommunications network 59 such as a wireless telephone network. For this purpose, typically, the terminal 55 executes an application which acquires an unlocking command via a human-machine interface and then transmits this unlocking command to the transmitter / receiver 56. For example, the terminal 55 is a smartphone.

[0033] Here, the unit 50 is also capable of controlling the motor 30 to rotate the shaft 48 in the opposite direction and thus return the mechanism 10 to its protruding state. For example, after a predetermined time has elapsed since the unit 50 received the unlocking command, the unit 50 automatically controls the motor 30 to return the mechanism 10 to its protruding state if the door 2 is in its closed position. To know whether the door 2 is in its closed position, here, the system 12 comprises an opening sensor 60 capable of detecting whether the door 2 is in its closed position. This sensor 60 is connected to the unit 50.

[0034] Other features of Unit 50 are described later.

[0035] The system 12 comprises an output shaft 70 and a mechanism 72 for mechanically coupling the bit 46 and the shaft 48 to this shaft 70 to drive it in rotation. The shaft 70 moves the mechanism 10 from its protruding state to its retracted state when it is rotated in one direction and from its retracted state to its protruding state when it is rotated in the opposite direction.

[0036] The coupling mechanism 72 transmits the rotational movement of the bit 46 to the shaft 70 when the rotor 40 is rotated by the authorized key. Alternately, it transmits the rotational movement of the shaft 48 to the shaft 70 when the motor 30 rotates this shaft 48. For this, the coupling mechanism 72 comprises: a differential 80 comprising two input shafts 82 and 84 and the output shaft 70, a mechanical link 86 which permanently mechanically connects the shaft 48 to the shaft 82, and a mechanical link 88 which mechanically connects the key bit 46 to the shaft 84.

[0037] A differential is usually used to distribute the rotational speed of an input shaft to two output shafts. Here, the differential 80 is used differently. More precisely, when the shaft 84 is locked in rotation, it transmits the rotational movement of the shaft 82 to the shaft 70. Conversely, when the shaft 82 is locked in rotation, the differential 80 transmits the rotational movement of the shaft 84 to the shaft 70.

[0038] In this embodiment, the differential 80 is an epicyclic differential. Such a differential is formed using toothed wheels. An exemplary embodiment of this differential 80 is described later with reference to figures 3 to 8In the embodiment described, the differential 80 also makes it possible to amplify the torque of the bit 46 and therefore to obtain a greater torque on the shaft 70. This makes it possible to increase the force exerted on the bolt mechanism 10 to facilitate its movement.

[0039] The connection 86 systematically transmits the rotational movement of the shaft 48 to the shaft 82. In addition, this connection 86 comprises an immobilizing device 90. The device 90 makes it possible to block the rotation of the shaft 82 when the shaft 84 is driven in rotation by the bit 46. Here, for this purpose, the device 90 authorizes the transmission of the rotational movement only in the direction going from the shaft 48 towards the shaft 82 and, conversely, prohibits the transmission of a rotational movement from the shaft 82 towards the shaft 48.

[0040] The mechanical connection 88 transmits the rotational movement of the bit 46 to the shaft 84. In addition, this connection 88 comprises an immobilizing device 92. The device 92 makes it possible to block the rotation of the shaft 84 when the shaft 82 is rotated by the motor 30. Here, for this purpose, the device 92 authorizes the transmission of the rotational movement only in the direction going from the bit 46 to the shaft 84 and, conversely, prohibits the transmission of a rotational movement from the shaft 84 to the bit 46. As described below, the connection 88 is also produced using toothed wheels.

[0041] In this embodiment, the connection 88 additionally comprises an electronic device 94 for blocking the rotation of the shaft 84. The device 94 is reversibly movable between an active state and a passive state. In the active state, it blocks the rotation of the shaft 84. In the passive state, it releases the rotation of the shaft 84.

[0042] The device 92 does not prevent the rotor 40 from being turned, using the authorized key, from its rest position to a turned position and therefore from rotating the shaft 84. Thus, the device 92 does not prevent the use of the cylinder 32.

[0043] Conversely, the device 94 makes it possible to lock the use of the cylinder 32. To this end, it prevents the rotation of the shaft 84 even using an authorized key. In addition, here, by blocking the rotation of the shaft 84, the device 94 also blocks the rotation of the rotor 40.

[0044] The device 94 is capable of locking the use of the cylinder 32, and therefore of moving into its active state, in response to receiving a locking command. The device 94 also moves from its active state to its passive state in response to receiving a rehabilitation command. For this purpose, the device 94 comprises the control unit 50 and the unit 50 is configured to receive via the transmitter / receiver 56 a locking command and, alternately, a rehabilitation command transmitted by the terminal 55. Thus, the use of the cylinder 32 can be locked and, alternately, rehabilitated remotely. This functionality is useful, for example, in the case where the authorized key is lost. When the user detects the loss of the authorized key, he interacts with the terminal 55 to transmit the locking command. Then, he replaces the cylinder 32 with a mechanical cylinder having a different authorized key.Finally, it interacts with terminal 55 to transmit the rehabilitation command.

[0045] It is emphasized here that the cylinder 32 can be replaced by any mechanical cylinder in the European format currently marketed. This is made possible by the fact that the devices 92 and 94 are located outside the cylinder 32, that is to say that none of the parts of the devices 92 and 94 are received, at least in part, in this cylinder 32. Thus, the mechanical cylinder 32 has nothing specific compared to the mechanical cylinder currently marketed. The cylinder 32 is therefore interchangeable with mechanical cylinders currently marketed in the European format which have the same length.

[0046] A detailed example of the embodiment of the coupling mechanism 72 is now described with reference to figures 3 to 8 .

[0047] There figure 3represents an exemplary embodiment of the mechanical connection 86. In this embodiment, the connection 86 and the immobilizing device 90 are combined. For this purpose, here, the immobilizing device 90 comprises a reduction stage which makes it possible to obtain a rotation speed of the shaft 82 several times lower than the rotation speed of the shaft 48. Such a reduction stage multiplies by a factor F c greater than two the torque of the shaft 82 compared to the torque of the shaft 48. Preferably, the factor F c is greater than ten or thirty. The factor F c is also generally less than 500. Therefore, by this fact alone, it is much more difficult to drive the shaft 48 into rotation by rotating the shaft 82 than the reverse. Here, the device 90 completely prevents the rotation of the shaft 48 from the shaft 82. For this, the device 90 comprises: a worm screw 100 driven in rotation by the shaft 48, and a toothed crown 102 whose external teeth are meshed with the worm screw 100.

[0048] The worm screw 100 is fixed, without any degree of freedom, on the shaft 48 and rotates on itself around an axis 104 of rotation coincident with the axis of rotation of the shaft 48.

[0049] The crown 102 rotates on itself around an axis 106 of rotation perpendicular to the axis 104. For example, the axis 106 is parallel to the direction Y. The crown 102 also constitutes the input shaft 82 of the differential 80. Under these conditions, the crown 102 is blocked in rotation as long as the shaft 48 is not driven in rotation.

[0050] THE figures 4 to 7 represent a detailed example of the mechanical linkage 88. The Figures 5 and 6 correspond to the states of the link 88 when the rotor 40 is, respectively, in its rest position and a rotated position. figure 7illustrates the active state of the immobilizing device 92 achieved when the shaft 82 is rotated while the rotor 40 is in a rotated position. To simplify the figure 7 , the blocking device 94 has not been shown on this figure 7 .

[0051] Link 88 includes: a toothed crown 110 driven in rotation by the bit 46, and a Maltese cross mechanism 112 meshed with the crown 110.

[0052] The crown 110 rotates on itself around an axis 114 ( Fig. 4) of rotation coincides with the axis of rotation of the bit 46. More precisely, the cylinder 32 has a notch crossed by the bit 46 when the latter is driven in rotation by the rotor 40. When the bit 46 rotates, its distal end describes a circle, of radius R 46 , centered on the axis 114. The crown 110 also passes through this notch when it rotates on itself. For this purpose, the external radius R ext110 of the crown 110 is less than or equal to the radius R 46 . In addition, the crown 110 has a radial slot 116 ( Fig. 4) inside which the bit 46 is received. Thus, when the bit 46 rotates, it comes to bear on one of the sides of this slot 116 and thus causes the rotation of the crown 110. Finally, here, the internal radius R int110 of the crown 110 and the width of the slot 116 are large enough so that the cylinder 32 can be inserted inside the crown 110 by a translational movement in the Y direction when the bit 46 is received inside the notch of the cylinder. The crown 110 is held in place inside the system 12, even in the absence of the cylinder 32. For example, for this, the principle disclosed in the application FR2821381A1 is implemented. For this, the crown 110 comprises, in addition to an external toothing, a smooth circular ring 118 whose external radius is equal to R 46 . The system 12 comprises a circular hole, not shown, centered on the axis 114 and inside which the ring 118 is received.The diameter of this circular hole is chosen to keep the ring 118 centered on the axis 114 even in the absence of the cylinder 32 while allowing the ring 118 to rotate around the axis 114. For this, the radius of the circular hole is slightly greater than the diameter R 46.

[0053] The 112 Maltese cross mechanism includes: a driving wheel 120 meshed with the crown 110, an eccentric finger 122 fixed, without any degree of freedom, on one face of the wheel 120, and a Maltese cross 124 driven in rotation by the finger 122.

[0054] The wheel 120 rotates on itself around an axis 126 of rotation parallel to the axis 114. It has a toothing shaped to mesh with the toothing of the crown 110. Here, the toothing of the crown 110 and of the wheel 120 are shaped to allow rotation of the bit 46 over more than one complete revolution. For this purpose, the toothing of the wheel 120 has a space 128 ( Fig. 4) allowing the passage of the bit 46 without blocking its rotation around the axis 114.

[0055] The finger 122 is eccentric relative to the axis 126. Here, the finger 122 is a cylinder, of circular section, whose axis extends parallel to the axis 126.

[0056] The Maltese cross 124 comprises radial grooves 130 each capable of receiving the finger 122. When the finger 122 is received inside one of these grooves 130, the wheel 120 drives the Maltese cross 124 in rotation. Here, each time the crown 110 drives the Maltese cross 124 in rotation, this Maltese cross 124 rotates 40 degrees around an axis of rotation coinciding with the axis 106 of rotation of the Maltese cross 124.

[0057] In this embodiment, the Maltese cross 124 also constitutes the input shaft 84 of the differential 80.

[0058] The immobilization device 92 comprises: a cylindrical stop 140 driven in rotation on itself around the axis 126, and concave faces 142 integral with the Maltese cross 124.

[0059] Here, the stop 140 is fixed, without any degree of freedom, on a vertical face of the wheel 120. The stop 140 has a convex cylindrical face 144 whose directrix curve is an arc of a circle centered on the axis 126.

[0060] Each concave face 142 is located between two grooves 130 and facing the stop 140. The concave faces 142 and the convex face 144 are shaped to block, by cooperation of shape with each other, any transmission of the rotation of the Maltese cross 124 towards the bit 46. For this, in the rest position, the convex face 144 is fitted inside one of the concave faces 142 as illustrated in the Figure 5. In this rest position, the finger 122 is outside the grooves 130. This prevents any transmission of a rotational movement from the Maltese cross 124 to the wheel 120. On the other hand, in the rest position, the rotation of the wheel 120 around its axis 126 remains permitted. Thus, the rotational movement of the bit 46 causes the rotation of the wheel 120 and therefore of the Maltese cross 124.

[0061] In the case where the rotor 40 is in a rotated position where the concave face 144 is not fitted inside one of the convex faces 142, the mechanism 112 also does not allow a rotational movement of the Maltese cross 124 to be transmitted to the bit 46. Indeed, in this case, as illustrated in the figure 7 , one of the concave faces 142 comes into abutment against one end of the convex face 144 which blocks the rotation of the Maltese cross 124. On the other hand, in the position of the figure 7, the rotation of the wheel 120 around its axis 126 remains authorized. Thus, the rotational movement of the bit 46 causes the rotation of the wheel 120 and therefore of the Maltese cross 124. The position shown on the figure 7 can be achieved, for example, when an authorized key is left in the channel 44 and the rotor is in a rotated position and then the shaft 82 is rotated by the motor 30.

[0062] There Figure 5 also schematically represents a possible embodiment of the blocking device 94 in its active state. The device 94, in addition to the control unit 50, comprises: a stopper 150, and an electric actuator 152.

[0063] The stopper 150 is reversibly movable between an active position and an inactive position. In the active position, the stopper 150 prevents rotation of the Maltese cross 124 even with the aid of an authorized key. In the inactive position, the stopper 150 releases rotation of the Maltese cross 124. For this purpose, the stopper 150 is here a pin comprising a point 154 which, in its active position shown in the Figure 5 , is introduced between two teeth of the wheel 120. In the inactive position, this tip 154 ​​is not engaged with the teeth of the wheel 120. The stopper 150 moves between these active and inactive positions in translation along an axis which intersects the axis 126.

[0064] The actuator 152 moves the stopper 150 between its active and inactive positions in response to a corresponding command transmitted by the control unit 50.

[0065] For example, here, the actuator 152 is a monostable actuator which comprises a return spring which permanently urges the stopper 150 towards its inactive position. Under these conditions, in response to the reception of a locking command, the actuator 152 is powered to move the stopper 150 from its inactive position to its active position. Then, the power supply to the actuator 152 is maintained until the reception of a rehabilitation command. If during the movement of the stopper 150 towards its active position, the tip 154 ​​comes into abutment, for example, on the top of a tooth, then the stopper 150 remains in this intermediate position until the authorized key is inserted into the channel 44 and then turned. When the authorized key is turned, this causes the wheel 120 to turn and the tip 154 ​​then sinks between two teeth thus immediately blocking the rotation of the wheel 120.Then, when the rehabilitation command is received, the power supply to the actuator is cut off and the return spring automatically returns the stopper 150 to its passive position.

[0066] There figure 8 represents the elements of the 80 differential not visible on the figures 4 And 5 . The 80 differential includes, in addition to the 102 crown and the 124 Maltese cross: a sun wheel 160 mounted to rotate around the axis 106, and three satellites 162 to 164 each meshed, on one side, with an internal toothing of the crown 102 ( Fig. 3 ) and, on the other side, with the sun wheel 160.

[0067] The wheel 160 is mechanically connected, without any degree of freedom, with a toothed wheel 166. The toothed wheel 166 rotates on itself about the axis 106 when the wheel 160 rotates. The wheel 166 constitutes the output shaft 70 of the differential 80. For example, the wheel 166 is meshed with the rack of the bolt mechanism 10 to move it between its protruding and retracted states.

[0068] The satellites 162 to 164 are mounted free to rotate about, respectively, axes 170 to 172 of rotation. The axes 170 to 172 are parallel to the axis 106. These axes 170 to 172 are integral with the Maltese cross 124. Therefore, a rotation of this Maltese cross 124 about the axis 106 moves these satellites 162 to 164 along a circular path centered on the axis 106. Thus, in this embodiment, the Maltese cross 124 also fulfills the function of a satellite carrier for the satellites 162 to 164. Here, the satellites 162 to 164 are angularly spaced from each other by 120 degrees.

[0069] Satellites 162 to 164 are received inside the crown 102. For this, as visible on the figure 3 , the crown 102 further comprises an internal toothing meshed with each of the satellites 162 to 164.

[0070] When the Maltese cross 124 is locked in rotation, a rotation of the crown 102 drives the satellites 162 to 164 in rotation around their respective axes 170 to 172, which causes the wheel 160 and therefore the wheel 166 to rotate. Conversely, when the crown 102 is locked in rotation, a rotation of the Maltese cross 124 causes the satellites 162 to 164 to roll on the internal teeth of the crown 102. The satellites 162 to 164 then rotate around their respective axes 170 to 172 of rotation, which causes the wheels 160 and 166 to rotate.

[0071] There figure 9 represents a 200 differential that can be used instead of the 80 differential. Unlike the 80 differential, the 200 differential is not an epicyclic differential but a bevel gear differential. It includes: a toothed wheel 202 driven in rotation on itself around an axis 204 by the crown 110 associated with the bit 46, a toothed wheel 206 driven in rotation around the axis 204 by the worm 100, a planet carrier 210 secured to the wheel 206 and driven in rotation by the wheel 206 around the axis 204, two satellites 212 and 214 each mounted in rotation around an axis, respectively 216 and 218, secured to the planet carrier 210, and two pinions 220 and 222 each meshed with the satellites 212 and 214.

[0072] Satellites 212 and 214 are bevel gears. Axes 216 and 218 are perpendicular to axis 204 and intersect this axis 204.

[0073] The pinion 220 is driven in rotation by the wheel 202. Its axis of rotation is the same as the axis 204.

[0074] The pinion 222 rotates on itself around the axis 204. When it rotates, it drives the wheel 166 in rotation.

[0075] In this embodiment, wheels 202 and 206 correspond to the input shafts of differential 200 and wheel 166 corresponds to the output shaft of differential 200.

[0076] In the embodiment of the figure 9 , the mechanical connection between the bit 46 and the wheel 202 is permanent. In this case, it is the sets of pins of the cylinder 32 which form the device for immobilizing the wheel 202. Indeed, in the absence of an authorized key in the channel 44 or in the presence of an unauthorized key, the rotor 40 is blocked in rotation by the sets of pins. Since the wheel 202 is permanently connected to the rotor 40, the wheel 202 is therefore also blocked in rotation in the absence of an authorized key in the channel 44.

[0077] Additionally, to simplify the figure 9, no electronic device for blocking the rotation of the wheel 202, such as the device 94 previously described, is shown. However, in the embodiment of the figure 9 , such an electronic locking device is provided. For example, it is identical to the device 94 except that the tip 154 ​​of the stopper 150 is pressed between two teeth of the wheel 202 to prevent the use of the cylinder 32.

[0078] The operation of the device 200 is deduced from the operation described for the device 80. In particular, in the absence of an authorized key in the channel 44, the crown 110 and therefore the wheel 202, is blocked in rotation by the sets of pins of the cylinder 32. In this situation, a rotation of the shaft 48 causes a rotation of the wheel 206 and of the planet carrier 210 around the axis 204. The rotation of the planet carrier 210 moves the planets 212 and 214 along a circular trajectory centered on the axis 204. Since the wheel 202 is blocked in rotation, this movement causes the planets 212 and 214 to rotate around, respectively, the axes 216 and 218, which causes the rotation of the pinion 222 and therefore of the wheel 166. Conversely, when the wheel 206 is blocked in rotation, it is only a rotation of the bit 46 which can cause the wheel 166 to rotate. Chapter II: Variants Differential variants:

[0079] Alternatively, the number of satellites of the differential may be different. For example, in another embodiment, the differential comprises only one or two satellites or, on the contrary, more than three satellites.

[0080] The functions of the input and output shafts can be reversed. Thus, in an alternative embodiment, the worm 100 meshes with the wheel 166 and the outer teeth of the ring gear 102 mesh, for example, with a rack of the bolt mechanism 10. In this case, the shaft 70 becomes an input shaft while the shaft 82 becomes an output shaft.

[0081] Similarly, the shaft 70 may, as an alternative, be rotated by the bit 46 by means of a mechanical connection, similar to the connection 88, which mechanically connects the bit 46 to the shaft 70. In this case, the output shaft corresponds to the shaft 84. It is also possible, as an alternative, to transmit the rotational movement of the bit 46 to the shaft 82 and to transmit the rotational movement of the shaft 48 to the shaft 84. Variants of the mechanical connection 86 :

[0082] Other embodiments of the mechanical connection 86 are possible. For example, the mechanical connection may comprise additional gears that do not belong to the reduction stage. Thus, instead of directly fixing the worm screw 100 on the shaft 48, a toothed wheel is fixed on the shaft 48. This toothed wheel is meshed with another toothed wheel secured to the worm screw 100 so that the rotation of the shaft 48 causes the rotation of the worm screw 100 without it being necessary for this worm screw 100 to be directly mounted on the shaft 48.

[0083] The reduction stage can also be achieved without using a worm screw and instead using small diameter gear wheels meshed with large diameter gear wheels to achieve a significant reduction in the angular speed of the electric motor shaft. Here, a reduction is considered "significant" if it allows the shaft 82 to be locked in rotation when the key is turned in the emergency cylinder.

[0084] The mechanical immobilization device 90 can be replaced by an electronic immobilization device. Typically, this electronic immobilization device is implemented like the blocking device 94. In this case, for example, a sensor detects the presence of the authorized key in the key channel. In response, the unit 50 controls the electronic immobilization device to block the rotation of the shaft 82. Conversely, when the absence of an authorized key in the key channel is detected, the electronic immobilization device releases the rotation of the shaft 82.

[0085] Alternatively, the electronic immobilizer simply controls the electric motor to block the rotation of its shaft 48. When such an electronic immobilizer is provided, it is not necessary for the function of blocking the rotation of the shaft 82 when the shaft 84 is rotating to be performed by the reduction stage. Thus, in this case, the reduction stage may be omitted or implemented differently. Variants of the mechanical connection 88 :

[0086] Other embodiments of the Maltese cross mechanism are possible. For example, as a variant, the external Maltese cross mechanism 112 is replaced by an internal Maltese cross mechanism.

[0087] Alternatively, the mechanical connection between the bit 46 and the shaft 84 is achieved without using a Maltese cross mechanism. For example, in a simplified version, this mechanical connection is only achieved using toothed wheels meshed with each other as illustrated in the figure 9 .

[0088] In an unprotected variant, the transmission of the rotational movement of the bit 46 to the shaft 84 is done by means of a connecting part which moves in translation when the bit rotates. For example, this part is a rack. In this case, the locking device 94 is, for example, adapted to block, in its active state, this translational movement in order to block the rotation of the shaft 84.

[0089] Alternatively, the amplification of the torque of the bit 46 is only achieved by the mechanical link 88 or only by the differential 80. In another alternative, the mechanical link 88 and the differential 80 both amplify the torque of the bit 46 when it rotates. Variants of Device 92 immobilization:

[0090] Other embodiments of the mechanical immobilization device 92 are possible. For example, the Maltese cross mechanism 112 is replaced by a mechanical connection comprising: a worm screw driven in rotation by the bit 46 of the cylinder 32, and a toothed wheel meshed with the worm screw and whose axis of rotation is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the worm screw, this toothed wheel being mechanically permanently connected to the shaft 84 of the differential.

[0091] In all embodiments, such as that of the figure 9, where the link 88 permanently connects the shaft 84 to the bit 46 and where the access authorization mechanism immobilizes the locking member in the absence of an authorized key, the immobilization device integrated into the link 88 can be omitted. Indeed, in this case, the access authorization mechanism also fulfills the function of an immobilization device for the shaft 84. On the other hand, in this latter variant, when the user forgets the authorized key inside the channel 44, the rotor 40 can freely rotate. Consequently, in the absence of the device 92, the shaft 84 is also free to rotate. When the shaft 84 is not locked in rotation, a rotation of the shaft 82 causes a rotation of the shaft 84 and not of the shaft 70 due, in particular, to the resistance to the movement of the mechanism 10. Thus, as long as the shaft 84 is free to rotate, it is not possible to move the mechanism 10 using the motor 30.Thus, even when the access authorization mechanism of the cylinder is used as a device for immobilizing the shaft 84, it may still be advantageous to additionally implement at least the device 94 for blocking the rotation of the shaft 84 when an authorized key is forgotten in the channel 44. For example, the sensor 60 detects the presence of the key inside the channel 44. After a predetermined time during which the presence of the key inside the channel 44 has been continuously detected, in response, the unit 50 controls the blocking device 94 to automatically move the stopper 150 into its active position. The predetermined time is, for example, greater than 1 min or 10 min. In another embodiment where the device 92 is omitted, systematically before using the motor 30, the unit 50 controls the blocking device 94 to automatically move the stopper 150 into its active position. Variants of Device 94 of blocking:

[0092] Other embodiments of the locking device 94 are possible. In particular, the stop 150 can cooperate with other parts of the mechanical connection 88 to lock the cylinder 32. For example, in its active position, the tip 154 ​​of the stop 150 is inserted between two teeth of the crown 110 or inside one of the radial grooves 130 of the Maltese cross 124. In another embodiment, the stop 150 moves between these active and inactive positions in translation along an axis parallel to the axis 126. In this case, the tip 154 ​​can be introduced into a hole made in a vertical face of the crown 110 or the wheel 120 and, preferably, into a vertical face of the Maltese cross 124 to lock it in rotation. This latter embodiment is advantageous because, in the absence of an authorized key, the Maltese cross occupies a very limited number of angular positions.It is therefore easy to guarantee that for each of these angular positions, the tip 154 ​​is located exactly opposite a hole made in the vertical face of the cross 124. For example, for this, the cross 124 comprises, for each groove 130, a hole associated with this groove in the vertical face of the cross 124. The position of the hole relative to the groove 130 with which it is associated is the same for all the other hole / groove 130 associations of the cross 124.

[0093] Alternatively, instead of a pin, the stop 150 comprises two jaws which grip a part of the mechanical connection 88 to block the rotation of the input shaft 84.

[0094] The electronic locking device 94 can be used in all locks including locks without a differential. For example, the electronic locking device can be used in an actuation system without the electric motor 30 and the differential 80. In this case, only the rotation of the key authorized in the cylinder makes it possible to move the bolt mechanism from its protruding state to its retracted state. The electronic locking device 94 can also be used in locks where the coupling device 72 does not include a differential but another mechanism to ensure the coupling of the shaft 70 with the bit 46 and, alternately, the coupling of the shaft 70 with the shaft 48 of the electric motor 30. For example, such an alternative embodiment of the coupling device is described in application WO0188315A1 or in application EP3196388. Variants of the device help:

[0095] Other embodiments of the emergency device are possible. For example, in one particular embodiment, the emergency device does not have a rotor. In this case, for example, the stator has a key channel of circular cross-section and rotation of the key blade allowed within this channel causes rotation of the bit.

[0096] In another embodiment, the backup device is not in the form of a European-format cylinder. For example, the backup device is a cylinder whose stator does not conform to the European format but to another format.

[0097] Other embodiments of the unlocking member 46 are possible. For example, as a variant, the unlocking member is moved in translation along the axis 114 when an authorized key is used. For example, it is the sliding of the authorized key inside the key channel that causes the translational movement of the unlocking member. In this case, the link 88 comprises a conversion mechanism for transforming the translational movement of the unlocking member into a rotational movement transmitted to the shaft 84. By way of illustration, such a conversion mechanism is obtained with a rack moved in translation by the unlocking member and a toothed wheel meshed in this rack. All the embodiments and all the variants described here can be adapted to the case where the unlocking member moves in translation and not in rotation.

[0098] In another embodiment, the unlocking member 46 is mechanically isolated from any key or door knob that may be used to move it until an authorized key is used. When an authorized key is used, the access authorization mechanism mechanically connects the unlocking member to the authorized key or a door knob so that the unlocking member can now be moved by turning the key or door knob. When the unlocking member is mechanically isolated from the key or door knob, it can be left free to move in rotation or translation. In the latter case, in the absence of the device 92, the blocking device 94 is used to block the rotation of the shaft 84 as soon as a command to unlock the door using the motor 30 is received.

[0099] Other embodiments of the access authorization mechanism are possible. For example, the pin and counter-pin sets can be replaced by wafers. A cylinder equipped with such wafers is known as a "wafer cylinder" or "wafer lock".

[0100] Alternatively, the access authorization mechanism is not entirely mechanical but comprises an electronic circuit which authorizes the rotation of the bit only if the key transmits to the access authorization mechanism an access code authorized to open the door. In the case where the emergency device is a cylinder comprising such an electronic circuit, the cylinder is known as an "electronic cylinder". In this case, preferably, the electronic cylinder is an electronic cylinder which itself produces the energy necessary for its operation, typically, from the movement of the key inside the channel 44. For example, such electronic cylinders which may be suitable are disclosed in application EP1808816A1 or application EP2765264A1. In other embodiments, the energy necessary for the operation of the emergency electronic cylinder comes from a battery housed in the key or in the electronic cylinder.The energy required to operate such an electronic cylinder can also be obtained by connecting this electronic cylinder to an electricity distribution network.

[0101] In the case where the access authorization mechanism comprises an electronic circuit, the key channel 44 may be omitted. For example, the access code is transmitted to this access authorization mechanism via a wireless link.

[0102] The bit is the part of the emergency device that is rotated when an authorized key is used. In the case of an electronic cylinder without a key channel, the bit is, for example, rotated by an electric actuator or a door knob turned manually by the user when an authorized key is used to open the door.

[0103] In a simplified embodiment, the emergency cylinder only allows the bolt mechanism 10 to be moved to its retracted position and not the other way around. Other variants:

[0104] The actuation system described here can be implemented in any lock. For example, the actuation system can be implemented in a mortise lock. It can also be implemented in a single-point or multi-point lock.

[0105] The control unit 50 may comprise a human-machine interface for acquiring the locking, unlocking, locking and / or rehabilitation commands without going through the telecommunications network 59. For example, for this purpose, the human-machine interface comprises a button or a touch screen. In this case, the wireless transmitter / receiver 56 of the control unit 50 may be omitted.

[0106] Alternatively, instead of or in addition to the transmitter / receiver 56, the unit 50 comprises a short-distance wireless transmitter / receiver capable of receiving the locking and unlocking commands via a short-distance information transmission link. A short-distance information transmission link is a link that can be established only if the terminal 55 is less than 100 m or 50 m from the short-distance transmitter / receiver. For example, such a short-distance link complies with the NFC ("Near-Field Communication") or Bluetooth or WiFi standard. The locking and / or rehabilitation commands can also be received via this short-distance wireless transmitter / receiver.

[0107] The various elements of the actuation system 12 are not necessarily housed inside the same housing. For example, the control unit 50 is housed in a housing mechanically independent of another housing comprising the other elements of the actuation system 12.

[0108] The bolt mechanism 10 may have a single bolt. The bolts can be moved between their retracted and extended positions by rotation.

[0109] Several of the variants described above can be combined in a single embodiment. Chapter III: Advantages of the embodiments described:

[0110] The use of an electronic locking device 94 makes it possible to prevent the actuation of the bolt mechanism 12 using the cylinder 32 even if an authorized key is used. Thus, it makes it possible to lock the use of the cylinder 32, for example, in the event of loss of the authorized key. Since this electronic locking device is located outside the cylinder 32, this makes it possible to use, as the cylinder 32, any commonly marketed cylinder. This therefore simplifies the manufacture and maintenance of the actuation system. Finally, the stop 150 of the device 94 directly blocks the rotation of one of the wheels of the link 88 which mechanically connects the unlocking member 46 to the bolt mechanism 10 and not a rod of the mechanism 10. Thus, the blocking occurs at a location where the force is closer to its source and not at the output of the actuation system 12 where the force has already been multiplied by the wheels of the link 88.This makes it possible to obtain better resistance to the forces of a user who forces the authorized key while the locking device 94 is in its active state. In particular, the resistance to the forces is better than if the stop 150 came to bear directly on a part, such as a rod, of the bolt mechanism 10. This therefore increases the robustness of the actuation system 12.

[0111] The fact that the stopper 150 rests on the Maltese cross 124 to block the rotation of the shaft 84 simplifies the production of the blocking device 94 because the number of angular positions of the cross 124 when the rotor is in its rest position is very limited. It is therefore easier to correctly position the stopper 150 relative to the cross 124 to be sure that, in its active position, the rotation of the rotor 40 is systematically and directly blocked.

[0112] The fact that the coupling device 72 remains capable of transmitting the rotational movement of the shaft 48 to the shaft 70 while the locking device 94 is in its active state, makes it possible to retain the possibility of moving the bolt mechanism 10 to its retracted position even if the use of the cylinder 32 is blocked.

[0113] The fact that the locking device 94 blocks a wheel of the mechanical connection 88 makes it possible to maintain the possibility of moving the bolt mechanism 10 to its retracted position using the electric motor 30.

[0114] A differential does not use parts that move in translation between a coupled and a decoupled position. It also does not use a return spring or similar. Thus, because of these differences, to fulfill the same function, the differential is more robust than known coupling mechanisms and therefore helps limit breakdowns.

[0115] Using the same control unit 50 to control both the locking device 94 and the electric motor 30 simplifies the construction of the actuation system 12.

[0116] The fact that the locking device 94 is additionally programmed to move the stopper into its active position each time an unlocking command is received makes it possible to additionally use the device 94 as a device for immobilizing the shaft 84 when the shaft 82 is rotated by the motor 30. In this case, the immobilizing device 92 independent of the locking device 94 can be omitted. This simplifies the construction of the system 12 because the locking device and the device for immobilizing the shaft 84 form a single device.

[0117] The use of receiver 56 makes it possible to lock the use of cylinder 32 remotely.

[0118] The fact that cylinder 32 is a mechanical cylinder, not an electronic one, simplifies the manufacture of the actuation system while allowing it to operate even in the event of a power failure.

[0119] The use of a monostable actuator 152 simplifies the production of the actuation system 12.

Claims

1. Actuating system for a bolt mechanism capable of being moved : - from a projecting state in which at least one bolt is in an extended position in which it locks a door in a closed position by form-fitting cooperation with a corresponding cavity integral with a door frame, - to a retracted state in which each bolt is in a retracted position in which the door can be freely moved from its closed position to an open position, this actuating system comprising : - a cylinder (32) comprising a fixed stator (42) inside which is housed : - an unlocking member (46) capable of displacing the latch mechanism into its retracted state when it is moved, and - an access authorisation mechanism capable of authorising the unlocking member to move only when a key authorised to open this door is used , - a coupling mechanism (72) which mechanically connects the release member to the bolt mechanism , this coupling mechanism comprising : - at least one wheel (120, 124) driven in rotation when the release member moves, and - an output shaft (70) which moves the bolt mechanism from the extended state to the retracted state when it is rotated by the wheel, - a blocking device (94) capable of blocking the rotation of the wheel of the coupling mechanism in response to receiving a command to lock the cylinder, this blocking device (94) being located entirely outside the cylinder (32) and comprising : - a stop (150) reversibly movable between : - an active position in which the stopper blocks rotation of the wheel (120; 124) of the coupling mechanism by bearing directly on this wheel, thus preventing rotation of the output shaft by the unlocking member even when the authorised key is used, and - an inactive position in which the stopper releases rotation of the wheel (120; 124) and allows the output shaft to be rotated by the unlocking member, - a controllable electric actuator (152) capable of moving the stopper from its inactive position to its active position, and characterised in that : - the locking device (94) is an electronic locking device and comprises a control unit (50) capable of receiving the command to lock the cylinder and, in response, controlling the electric actuator to move the lock from its inactive position to its active position, - the actuation system comprises, outside the cylinder, an electric motor (30) equipped with a drive shaft (48), and - the coupling mechanism (72) is able to transmit the rotational movement of the drive shaft of the electric motor to the output shaft (70) in order to move the bolt mechanism from its extended state to its retracted state, even if the stop (150) of the electronic locking device is in its active position.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein : - the coupling mechanism comprises a Maltese cross mechanism (112) with a Maltese cross (124), and - the wheel on which the stopper rests in its active position is the Maltese cross (124).

3. A system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the coupling mechanism comprises : - a differential (80; 200) fitted with : - a first input shaft (82) mechanically connected to the drive shaft of the electric motor, - a second input shaft (84) mechanically connected to the wheel driven in rotation when the release member moves, - the output shaft (70) adapted to move the latch mechanism from its extended state to its retracted state when rotated, and - a first device (90) for immobilising the first input shaft, capable of blocking rotation of the first input shaft while the second input shaft is rotated, and - a second device (92) for immobilising the second input shaft, capable of blocking rotation of the second input shaft while the first input shaft is rotated.

4. A system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (50) of the electronic locking device is also adapted to receive a command to unlock the door and, in response, to control the electric motor to rotate its shaft in a direction which moves the bolt mechanism towards its retracted state.

5. A system according to claim 4, wherein the control unit (50) is also configured to automatically control the movement of the stopper to its active position, each time an unlock command is received, to block the rotation of the second input shaft while the first input shaft is rotated, so that the blocking device and the second immobilising device are confused.

6. System according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the control unit comprises a wireless receiver (56) capable of receiving the locking command via a long-distance wireless information transmission network.

7. System according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the cylinder is a mechanical cylinder with no electronic component and the unlocking member is the bit of this mechanical cylinder.

8. System according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the electric actuator (152) comprises a return spring which automatically returns the stopper (150) to its inactive position as soon as the power supply to the electric actuator is cut off.

9. Door fascia with : - a bolt mechanism (10) movable between : - a protruding state in which at least one bolt is in an extended position in which it locks a door in a closed position by positive engagement with a corresponding recess integral with a door frame, and - a retracted state in which each bolt is in a retracted position in which the door can be freely moved from its closed position to an open position, - a system (12) for actuating the bolt mechanism, characterised in that the actuation system (12) complies with any one of the preceding claims.

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