Wear assembly for a bucket of an extraction or works machine

Abstract

Wear assembly, comprising a tooth holder (3) and a tooth (1) for a bucket, and also a sheath (5), with a housing duct (52), the sheath being received in the tool holder. Also provided is a key (7) which is received in the housing duct (52) by pivoting between an insertion orientation, so as to be slid into the housing duct, and a locking orientation, so as to clamp the tooth against the tooth holder by the key bearing against the tooth and the sheath bearing against the tooth holder under the action of the key, in opposite directions. In order to facilitate manufacture without prejudicing reliability, the key is monolithic and comprises both a bearing cam (71), for bearing against the tooth holder, and a bearing end (72), for bearing against the tooth (1).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a wear assembly for a bucket of an extraction or works machine.

[0002] The invention relates to the field of equipment for mining and construction machines, in particular concerning buckets, skips or other receptacles used both for working, in particular digging, scraping and / or removing, a material and for moving this material. The material is generally a heavy, hard, granular and / or abrasive material. For example, the material is earth, rocks, aggregates or rubble.

[0003] As is known, a bucket comprises an attack blade equipped with teeth, which are wear parts designed for their ability to attack and penetrate the material worked and transported by the bucket. Provision is made for the possibility of individually replacing each tooth when it is worn.

[0004] FR 3 011 013 A1 discloses a bucket, with a support and a tooth, which can be locked onto the support using a connecting device. The connecting device comprises an elastically deformable sleeve, a metal key, a metal notched cam, a metal crescent and two seals. The key, the notched cam and the crescent are received in the sleeve. When the connecting device is received in a housing of the support and the tooth is mounted on the support, the key and the cam are movable in rotation in an internal cavity of the sleeve, between a configuration of insertion of the key in the cam and one or more locking configurations, where the key presses radially against the tooth, while the cam presses against the sleeve so that the sleeve presses against the housing of the support, to form a coupling connection of the tooth and the support.The inner cavity of the sleeve also accommodates the metal crescent, which serves as a bearing to support the rotation of the key-cam assembly. Seals are arranged on either side of the sleeve to ensure sealing.

[0005] This known connecting device generally gives satisfaction, being particularly durable and reliable despite intensive use of the bucket. However, this connecting device is relatively complex to manufacture, given the need to provide a total of six parts. Certain critical parts, such as the key and the notched cam, must be formed by a demanding forging process, while requiring subsequent machining to obtain the notching and / or form the head of the key.

[0006] One of the aims of the invention is to obtain a new wear assembly for a bucket, which is easier to manufacture, without prejudice to its reliability and the ease of replacing the tooth when it is worn.

[0007] The invention relates to a wear assembly for a bucket of an extraction or works machine, the wear assembly comprising: a tooth holder, which is intended to be fixed to the bucket and which comprises a keying duct, crossed by a keying axis; a tooth, which is configured to be fitted onto the tooth holder, in a fitting direction; and a keying device. The keying device comprises a sleeve, which comprises a housing duct and an outer wall, the sleeve being configured to be received in the keying duct via the outer wall, the sleeve then being fixed in rotation relative to the tooth holder around the keying axis via the outer wall.The keying device comprises a key, which is configured to be received in the housing duct so as to be pivotable relative to the sheath, between an insertion orientation, in which the key is able to be slid in the housing duct while the sheath is received in the keying duct, and a locking orientation, in which, while the sheath is received in the keying duct, the keying device clamps the tooth against the tooth holder in the fitting direction under the action of the key, by pressing the key against a support seat belonging to the tooth, in the direction of the fitting direction, and pressing the sheath against the keying duct in the opposite direction.

[0008] According to the invention, the key is monolithic and comprises a support cam and a support end formed as a single piece. According to the invention, the key is pressed against the support seat by pressing the support end directly against the support seat, in the direction of the fitting direction. According to the invention, the sheath is pressed against the keying duct by pressing the support cam against the housing duct, in the opposite direction to the fitting direction.

[0009] One idea underlying the invention is to provide that the support cam and the support end are made of a single piece, namely the key, to facilitate the manufacture of the keying device. Indeed, this key can be manufactured in a single operation, to form both the support cam and the support end in a single piece, for example by forging within the same mold. In the case of forging or a similar manufacturing process to obtain the key, it is not necessary to provide several separate molds to form the support cam and the support end. It is also not necessary to provide a notch or other coupling means between the key and the support cam, so that the key drives the support cam in rotation, since they are entirely integral by being formed by the same piece.After the key has been formed, for example by forging, there is therefore advantageously no need to provide for any significant additional manufacturing steps such as machining, except possibly deburring.

[0010] These advantages for the manufacture of the wear assembly do not affect the reliability of the wear assembly, since, when the keying device received in the keying duct with the key in the locking orientation, the tooth is securely clamped and held on the tooth holder. When the tooth wears, the sleeve takes up any possible play by elasticity, to keep the tooth clamped. The mounting of the tooth remains easy, since the clamping of the tooth is obtained by simply pivoting the key, which advantageously avoids the use of striking tools.

[0011] Preferably, the sheath is monolithic, the outer wall and the housing duct being formed as a single piece. Preferably, the support cam is pressed against the housing duct without an intermediate piece between the key and the sheath. Preferably, the housing duct is coated with a lubricant.

[0012] Preferably, the bearing seat comprises two primary faces, each primary face being oriented obliquely, facing the other primary face and in the opposite direction to the fitting direction. Preferably, the bearing end comprises two secondary faces, the bearing end bearing against the bearing seat in that the bearing end is received between the primary faces, with each secondary face bearing against one of the primary faces.

[0013] Preferably, the tooth comprises a retaining rib. Preferably, the key comprises two radial shoulders, which are formed integrally with the bearing end and which, when the key is received in the housing duct and the sleeve is received in the keying duct: capture the retaining rib therebetween, parallel to the keying axis, when the key is in the locking orientation, to immobilize the key relative to the tooth parallel to the keying axis; and are disengaged from the retaining rib when the key is in the insertion orientation.

[0014] Preferably, the key and the tooth include rotation stops, which come into rotational abutment when the key is in the insertion orientation, to limit pivoting of the key to the insertion orientation and which come into rotational abutment when the key is in the locking orientation to limit pivoting of the key to the locking orientation.

[0015] Preferably, the key comprises a disassembly groove, which is provided along the bearing end. Preferably, when the sleeve is received in the keying duct and the key is received in the housing duct, the disassembly groove is: disengaged from the bearing seat, when the key is in the insertion orientation, so that the key can be extracted from the housing duct by inserting a disassembly tool into the disassembly groove; and turned against the bearing seat, when the key is in the locking orientation.

[0016] Preferably the key defines a joint plane, which passes through the support cam and the support end, the support cam and the support end being undercut on either side of the joint plane.

[0017] Preferably, the key comprises an actuating head, configured to be coupled with an actuating tool, to actuate the key by pivoting between the insertion orientation and the locking orientation, the actuating head being formed integrally with the bearing cam and the bearing end and protruding from the sleeve when the key is received in the housing duct. Preferably, the actuating head is undercut on either side of the joint plane.

[0018] Preferably, to be coupled with the actuating tool, the actuating head comprises an actuating notch and two fingers, which are arranged on either side of the actuating notch to delimit the actuating notch, the actuating notch and the two fingers being crossed by the joint plane and being undercut on either side of the joint plane.

[0019] Preferably, the tooth comprises a keying orifice, within which the keying conduit opens when the tooth is received on the tooth holder, the bearing seat being formed on an edge of the keying orifice. Preferably, the wear assembly further comprises a plug, which is configured to close the keying orifice by capping the keying device while the sleeve is received in the keying conduit and the key is received in the housing conduit in the locking orientation.

[0020] The invention will be better understood upon reading the following description, given solely as a non-limiting example and with reference to the appended drawings presented below. [ FIG 1 ] There figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a wear assembly and actuating bushing, according to one embodiment of the invention, where a key is in an insertion orientation and a tooth holder is shown mounted on a bucket. FIG 2 ] There figure 2 is an assembled perspective view of the wear assembly of the figure 1 , from another angle, where the key is in the locked orientation and is hidden by a cap. FIG 3 ] There figure 3 is a partial section of the figure 2 following section plane II. [ FIG 4 ] There figure 4 is a side view of the wear assembly of the preceding figures, where the key is in the insertion orientation, the plug being omitted. FIG 5 ] There figure 5 is a side view of the wear assembly of the preceding figures, where the key is in the locking orientation, the plug being omitted. FIG 6 ] There figure 6 is a front view of the key of the preceding figures. [ FIG 7 ] There figure 7 is a side view of the key of the preceding figures. [ FIG 8 ] There figure 8 is a front view of a sleeve belonging to the wear assembly of the preceding figures, receiving the key in the insertion orientation, the key being in cross-section. FIG 9 ] There figure 9 is a perspective view of the sheath of the figure 8 , represented alone. [ FIG 10 ] There figure 10 is a perspective view of the cap of the figure 2 .

[0021] THE figures 1 à 10 show a wear assembly according to one embodiment of the invention, comprising a tooth 1, a tooth holder 3, a sleeve 5 and a key 7. The sleeve and the key 7 together constitute a keying device. The wear assembly preferably comprises a plug 9, visible on the figures 2 , 3 And 10 . There figure 1 also shows an actuating tool 11, schematically, a disassembly tool 14 and, shown partially in dotted lines, a bucket 13.

[0022] Bucket 13 belongs to a public works or mining machine. By "works machine" is meant, for example, a shovel, an excavator, a backhoe loader, or any construction machine of the same type. By "extraction machine" is meant, for example, a loader, an LHD ("load-haul-dump"), or any other machine of the same type. The term "bucket" applies to buckets, skips and other receptacles equipped on such machines, capable of scraping, collecting and / or moving materials, preferably coming from the ground, with a view to their removal from a given location to others. Bucket 13 forms a bin with an access opening which is, for example, rectangular in shape. The access opening is delimited by four edges, including an edge 131 visible on the figure 1 , on which the wear assembly is intended to be fixed. Among these edges, there may be an attack blade, here formed by the edge 131. Preferably, this edge 131 is located in the lower part or in the upper part of the bucket 13 and is oriented parallel to the ground.

[0023] As shown on the figure 1 , the tooth holder 3 is intended to be fixed on the edge 131 of the bucket 13 permanently and to receive the tooth 1 to support it in a removable manner, in order to be able to replace the tooth 1 when it is worn.

[0024] A fitting direction D31 is defined, which is fixed relative to the tooth holder 3. When the tooth holder 3 is fixed to the bucket 13, the direction D31 is directed towards the inside of the bucket 13, being perpendicular to the edge on which the tooth holder 3 is fixed. When the tooth 1 is received on the tooth holder 3, the direction D31 is directed from the tooth 1 towards the tooth holder 3.

[0025] The tooth holder 3 comprises a base 31, by means of which the tooth holder 3 is fixed to the bucket 13, in particular to the edge 131. For this purpose, the base 31 has for example a clamp shape which straddles the edge 131, as shown in the figure 1 . To permanently fix the tooth holder 3, the base 31 is preferably welded onto the edge 131.

[0026] The tooth holder 3 comprises a fitting nose 32, for receiving the tooth 1 by fitting the tooth onto the nose 32, in the direction D31. The figure 2 shows tooth 1 fitted onto tooth holder 3. As seen on the figures 1 And 3 , the nose 32 and the base 31 are arranged successively along the direction D31. The nose 32 and the base 31 are integral. The nose 32 is directed in the opposite direction to the direction D31. When the tooth holder 3 is fixed to the bucket 13, the nose 32 projects from the edge 131.

[0027] The tooth holder 3 comprises a keying duct 33, which passes through the tooth holder 3 from one side to the other. The keying duct 33 passes through the nose 32. The duct 33 extends along a keying axis X33, fixed relative to the tooth holder 3, and which is perpendicular to the direction D31, or at least transverse relative to the direction D31. Preferably, the duct 33 is coaxial with the axis X33. Preferably, the keying duct 33, and, in particular, the axis X33, are parallel to the edge 131, when the tooth holder 3 is fixed on the bucket 13. The keying duct 33 has, on one side of the tooth holder 3, an emerging end 34 and, on the other side of the tooth holder 3, an emerging end 35, visible on the figure 3 .

[0028] Preferably, the tooth holder 3 is monolithic, in that the base 31, the nose 32 and the conduit 33 are formed in one piece. Preferably, the tooth holder is made of steel, raw from casting or forging, or cast then machined, or forged then machined.

[0029] The tooth 1 comprises a working end 15, by means of which the tooth 1 is intended to work the material worked by the bucket 13, when the tooth is received on the bucket 13 by means of the tooth holder 3. The working end 15 serves to scrape, to prick the material and / or to impact the material worked. The end 15 here forms a slightly flattened point, but could have another shape depending on the characteristics of the material to be worked and the work to be carried out, in particular a more pointed or more flattened shape, or a double-point shape.

[0030] In the present example, in order to be able to be fitted onto the tooth holder 3 in the direction D31, the tooth 1 comprises a cavity 16, an ear 17 and, preferably, an ear 18, which are complementary with the nose 32.

[0031] It is preferentially provided that the cavity 16 opens in the direction D31. The cavity 16 extends partly inside the working end 15, in the opposite direction to the direction D31. When the tooth 1 is fitted onto the tooth holder 3, a male part 36 belonging to the nose 32 is received within the cavity 16, the cavity 16 and the male part 36 being complementary. Preferably, the male part 36 and the cavity 16 are of generally pyramidal or truncated cone shape for their contact zone, this shape being divergent in the direction D31. We therefore obtain a pyramidal or conical fitting of tooth 1 on tooth holder 3. This particular fitting method means that tightening tooth 1 against tooth holder 3 in direction D31 firmly and without play secures the tooth on tooth holder 3, ensuring precise centering of tooth 1.

[0032] It is preferentially provided that the lugs 17 and 18 are directed in the direction D31, from the working end 15. The lugs 17 and 18 project in the direction D31 from an edge of the cavity 16. Preferably, the lugs 17 and 18 are distributed laterally, opposite one another, so as to extend on either side of the nose 32 when the tooth 1 is fitted onto the tooth holder 3. Then, the lug 17 covers the end 34 of the conduit 33 and the lug 18 covers the end 35. The lugs 17 and 18 are crossed by the axis X33 when the tooth 1 is fitted.

[0033] Preferably, the ear 17 comprises a keying orifice 19, which passes through the ear 17 from one side to the other. When the tooth 1 is fitted, the keying orifice 19 is crossed by the axis X33, falling in alignment with the end 34 of the conduit 33.

[0034] Preferably, the ear 18 comprises a keying orifice 20, which passes through the ear 18 from one side to the other. When the tooth 1 is fitted, the keying orifice 20 is crossed by the axis X33, falling in alignment with the end 35 of the conduit 33.

[0035] For example, it is provided that the nose 32 comprises a notch 37, formed in a hollow, to accommodate the ear 17 when the tooth 1 is fitted. The notch 37 is positioned in the direction D31 relative to the male part 36, at the boundary between the nose 32 and the base 31. An edge of the notch 37, delimiting the notch 37, extends around the end 34. When the tooth 1 is fitted, the edge of the notch 37 extends around the ear 17.

[0036] For example, it is provided that the nose 32 comprises a notch 38, formed in a hollow, to accommodate the lug 18 when the tooth 1 is fitted. The notch 38 is positioned in the direction D31 relative to the male part 36, at the boundary between the nose 32 and the base 31. An edge of the notch 38, delimiting the notch 38, extends around the end 35. The notches 37 and 38 are arranged on either side of the tooth holder 3, being crossed by the axis X33. When the tooth 1 is fitted, the edge of the notch 37 extends around the lug 17.

[0037] As best seen on the figures 1 And 3, the tooth 1 comprises a support seat 21, which is here formed in the orifice 19. The support seat 21 occupies for example only a portion of the circumference of the orifice 19 around the axis X33, namely the portion in the direction D31. Generally, when the tooth 1 is fitted, the seat 21 is turned in the opposite direction to the direction X33. The seat 21 forms two faces 22, called “primary faces”. Preferably, the faces 22 are oblique to each other, that is to say are oriented in a “V”. The faces 22 are opposite each other, so as to provide a receiving space between them. Preferably, when the tooth 1 is fitted, the faces 22 are at the same height along the axis X33, being turned towards the axis X33. The faces 22 are then advantageously parallel to the axis X33. When the tooth 1 is fitted, the faces 22 are oriented so as to converge in the direction D31. The faces 22 are turned in the opposite direction to the direction D31.Preferably, when the tooth 1 is fitted, the faces 22 are symmetrical with respect to a plane parallel to the direction D31 and to the axis X33. Preferably, the faces 22 are substantially planar. For example, the faces 22 are inclined with respect to each other by an angle of 60 degrees, each face 22 being oriented at an angle of 30 degrees with respect to the direction D31.

[0038] Preferably, the tooth 1 is monolithic, in that the end 15, the cavity 16, the ears 17 and 18 and the keying holes 19 and 20 are formed in one piece. Preferably, the tooth is made of steel, raw from casting or forging, or cast then machined, or forged then machined.

[0039] By complementarity of the nose 32 with the cavity 16 and the ears 17 and 18, the fitting of the tooth 1 on the tooth holder 3 completely immobilizes the tooth 1 on the tooth holder 3, except that the tooth 1 is not retained for its translation relative to the tooth holder 3 in the opposite direction to the direction D31. The complete immobilization of the tooth 1 is obtained thanks to the keying device, comprising the sleeve 5 and the key 7, as explained below.

[0040] Sheath 5 is visible on the figures 1 , 3 , 8 And 9 . The sheath 5 is configured to be received in the keying conduit 33, as shown in the figure 3 and to receive the key 7 within it. Thus, the keying device is received in the keying conduit 33 via the sheath 5.

[0041] The sheath 5 comprises an outer wall 51, a housing duct 52, an end 53 and an end 54. Preferably, the sheath 5 is monolithic, in that the outer wall 51, the housing duct 52 and the ends 53 and 54 are formed in one piece. It is provided that the sheath 5 is elastically deformable, unlike the key 7, the tooth 1 and the tooth holder 3 which are intended to be rigid. For this purpose, the sheath 5 is for example made of elastomer, and formed by molding.

[0042] Preferably, when the sheath 5 is received in the conduit 33, the sheath 5 does not protrude from the ends 34 and 35, as shown in the figure 3 . In particular, end 53 is at end 34 and end 54 is at end 35.

[0043] The housing duct 52 is preferably a through duct, opening out at the end 53 and at the end 54. Alternatively, the duct 52 opens out at least at the end 53. When the sheath 5 is received in the duct 33, the axis X33 passes through the duct 52 from the end 53 to the end 54. Preferably, when the sheath 5 is not deformed, the duct 52 is coaxial with the axis X33.

[0044] The outer wall 51 faces outwardly surrounding the housing duct 52, which faces inward. The wall 51 connects the ends 53 and 54. The outer wall 51 surrounds the housing duct from end 53 to end 54, and surrounds the axis X33 when the sheath 5 is received in the duct 33.

[0045] The sheath 5 is received in the conduit 33 via the external wall 51. Preferably, when the sheath 5 is received in the conduit 33, the external wall 51 is directly in contact with the keying conduit 33, preferably over all or most of the surface of the external wall 51. For this purpose, the conduit 33 and the wall 51 are of complementary shape. The external wall 51 and the conduit 33 have a shape which prevents the rotation of the sheath 5 around the axis X33, when the sheath 5 is received in the conduit 33.

[0046] Optionally, recesses are provided on the external wall 51 to promote deformation of the sheath 5. In this case, the external wall 51 is advantageously in contact over its entire surface against the conduit 33, except for these recesses.

[0047] For this purpose, for example, the external wall 51 locally forms a raised radial groove 55, here from the end 53 over a portion of the length of the sheath 5, this groove 55 being received in a hollow radial groove 39, formed over a portion of the length of the conduit 33 from the end 34. In addition, or alternatively, for example, the external wall 51 forms a flat 56, which extends from the end 53 to the end 54, visible on the figures 1 And 9 , and represented by dotted transparency on the figure 8 This flat 56 is complementary with a flat formed by the conduit 33, from the end 34 to the end 35. Alternatively or in addition, it could be provided that the external wall 51 and the conduit 33 have an ovoid cross-section along the axis X33, to block rotation.

[0048] Except for their parts blocking the rotation of the sheath 5 around the axis X33 relative to the tooth holder 3, the external wall 51 and the conduit 33 advantageously have a complementary frustoconical shape, which converges along the axis X33, from the end 34 towards the end 35, and from the end 53 towards the end 54. The sheath 5 is shaped so that it can be inserted into the conduit 33 and removed from the conduit 33 along the axis X33, via the end 34, preferably in the absence of the tooth 1. It is advantageously provided that the complementarity of the frustoconical shape between the external wall 51 and the conduit 33 requires that the insertion of the sheath 5 into the conduit 33 is carried out until the sheath 5 is in frustoconical abutment against the conduit 33 along the axis X33, which avoids positioning the sheath 5 beyond the end 35 of the conduit 33.

[0049] The housing duct 52 is designed to receive the key 7, so as to be able to pivot the key 7 relative to the sheath 5, between an orientation called “insertion orientation”, shown in the figures 1 , 4 And 8 , and a separate orientation, called the “lock orientation,” shown in the figures 3 And 5 . There figure 2 shows the wear assembly, while key 7 is in the locking orientation, even though key 7 is not visible on the figure 2 being hidden by the cap 9.

[0050] In the present example, when the sheath 5 is received in the conduit 33 and the tooth 1 received on the tooth holder 3, the conduit 52 opens, for the end 53, opposite the orifice 19 of the tooth 1. Preferably, the conduit 52 opens, for the end 54, opposite the orifice 20 of the tooth 1. The conduit 52 has a shape which allows the rotation of the key 7 around an axis parallel or slightly inclined relative to the axis X33. It is expected that, in cross-section relative to the axis X33, the conduit 52 is circular in shape for the majority of its circumference. Preferably, as shown in the figure 8 , a portion 57 of the circumference of the circular section of the duct 52 is ovate, that is to say in depression with a radius locally increased compared to the radius of the circular shape of the rest of the circumference. Thanks to this arrangement, the pivoting of the key 7 in the duct 52 is facilitated, because the ovate portion 57 makes it possible to reduce friction, by being radially at a distance from the key 7. In other words, thanks to the ovate portion 57, the key 7 is in contact with the duct 52 over only a portion of its circumference.

[0051] Preferably, the conduit 52 is frustoconical and convergent, along the axis X33, from the end 53 towards the end 54, as visible in the figure 3 .

[0052] Generally, the sheath 5 is advantageously tapered from the end 53, so that it can be obtained in a single molding operation, in a single mold, without subsequent reshaping of the sheath 5 or assembly. This tapered shape is reflected for example by the aforementioned conicity of the external wall 51 and the duct 52. The mold impressions are displaced relative to each other along a mold opening axis passing through the duct 52, parallel to the axis X33. This makes it possible to obtain that the sheath is monolithic by being formed in the same elastically deformable material, such as an elastomer.

[0053] To facilitate the pivoting of the key 7 in the housing duct 52, it is preferable to coat the housing duct 52 with a lubricant, for example by carrying out lifetime lubrication. This is useful in particular when the duct 52 is formed in one piece with the external wall 51, with the elastically deformable material. Then, the pivoting of the key 7 is carried out without an intermediate piece between the key 7 and the sheath 5. However, pivoting can also be provided without lubricant.

[0054] Alternatively, it may be provided that the sheath 5 is not monolithic, in that a portion or the entirety of the conduit 52 is formed by a rigid part, for example made of metal, while the remainder of the sheath 5, including the external wall 51, is formed with the elastically deformable material, for example elastomer. The rigid part then serves as a bearing for the pivoting of the key 7. In this case, it may advantageously be provided that the elastomer is overmolded onto the rigid part forming the conduit 52, the rigid part being adhered to the elastomer.

[0055] Alternatively, it can be provided that the sheath 5 is made of elastomer within which a metallic or fibrous reinforcement is embedded, to structurally reinforce the sheath 5 and improve its durability.

[0056] The key 7 defines an axis X71 and an axis X72 which are not coincident, preferably parallel if not slightly inclined relative to each other. In the present example, the key 7 comprises, in this order following the axis X71, a distal end 73, a support cam 71, a support end 72 and an actuating head 74. The support cam 71 is coaxial with the axis X71 while the distal end 73 and the head 74 are coaxial with an axis X72, parallel and not coincident with the axis X71. In other words, the cam 71 is offset relative to the bearing end 72 and, preferably, relative to the distal end 73 and to the head 74. The ends 72 and 73 are separated by the cam 71. The cam 71 and the head 74 are separated by the end 72.

[0057] The key 7 is entirely monolithic, in that all parts of the key 7 are formed in one piece. In particular, the support cam 71 is made in one piece with the support end with the support end 72, and preferably with the end 73, with the head 74, and with all parts of the key 7 described here.

[0058] Preferably, the key 7 is made entirely of steel, as forged, without subsequent machining. The key 7 is preferably entirely formed by a single forging operation, with introduction of metal in the form of a billet, into a single mold. Preferably, no assembly operation and no machining or other subsequent rework is carried out, except possibly for a burr formed at the joint plane P7 following forging. At the very least, the need to rework the key 7 following forging is reduced. The manufacture of the key 7 is therefore facilitated.

[0059] Alternatively, the key 7 may be obtained by casting rather than forging.

[0060] In order to be able to obtain the key using such a manufacturing process, it is provided, as visible in particular on the figure 6 , that the key 7 defines a joint plane P7, which passes through the support cam 71, the support end 72, and preferably, the actuating head 74 and the distal end 73, which are undercut on either side of the joint plane P7. On the figure 3 , the cut is made along the plane P7, then coincident with the plane II. The axes X71 and X72 are included in the plane P7. On either side of this joint plane P7, it is even provided that all the parts of the key 7 are undercut, in particular the cam 71, the end 72, the end 73 and the head 74. In other words, no face of the key 7 is undercut with respect to the plane P7. In other words, all the external surfaces and contours of the key 7 are oriented, with respect to the plane P7, so as to be able to be demolded from a mold which opens in a direction perpendicular to the plane P7. More specifically, the key 7 is designed to be able to be formed by a mold which comprises a first impression, for forming the entire portion of the key 7 on one side of the plane P7, and a second impression, for forming the entire portion of the key 7 on the other side of the plane P7, the two impressions being joined at the plane P7 during forging.

[0061] The key 7 is designed to be received in the sheath 5, in particular in the conduit 52, as particularly visible in the figure 3 The key 7 is received in the duct 52 in that the support cam 71 is received inside the duct 52 and in that, if the tooth 1 is fitted, the end 72 and the head 74 are received in the orifice 19 and the end 73 is received in the orifice 20. Preferably, once the key 7 is received, the key 7 does not protrude from the tooth 1 along the axis X33, in particular, the end 72 and the head 74 are entirely received in the orifice 19 and the duct 33, and the end 73 is entirely received in the orifice 20 and the duct 33. The cam 71 is entirely received in the duct 33 without protruding therefrom along the axis X33.

[0062] Once received in the conduit 52, the key 7 can be pivoted between the insertion orientation and the locking orientation relative to the sleeve 5, by means of the head 74. To effect this pivoting, it is provided that the key 7 makes less than one complete revolution about the axis X33 relative to the sleeve 5 and the tooth holder 3. For example, the key 7 makes a half revolution. In the example, when the key 7 is in the insertion orientation, the axis X71 is in the direction D31 relative to the axis X72, and when the key is in the locking orientation, the axis X72 is in the direction D31 relative to the axis X71. In the insertion orientation, cam 71 protrudes in direction D31 relative to end 73, and end 72 protrudes in the opposite direction of direction D31 relative to cam 71.In the locking orientation, the cam 71 projects in the opposite direction of the direction D31 relative to the end 73, and the end 72 projects in the direction D31 relative to the cam 71. In both orientations, it is advantageous to provide that the joint plane P7 is parallel to the direction D31.

[0063] To be coaxial with the axis X72, it is provided that the end 73 is of generally cylindrical shape with a circular base, centered on the axis X72, at least over a part of its length along the axis X72. To be formed in one piece with the rest of the key 7, it is advantageously provided that the end 73 is tapered on either side of the plane P7, being crossed by the plane P7.

[0064] To be coaxial with the axis X71, it is provided that the cam 71 has a shape of revolution centered on the axis X71, for the majority of its circumference around the axis X71. The cam 71 has a support portion 81 and a dorsal portion 82, both crossed by the joint plane P7 and extending over the entire length of the cam 71, to connect the end 72 to the end 73. The portion 81 protrudes radially from the end 73, parallel to the plane P7, while the portion 82 is in the extension of the end 73. In the insertion orientation, the portion 81 is directed in the direction D31, while the portion 82 is opposite. In the locking orientation, the portion 81 is directed opposite the direction D31, while the portion D82 is directed in the direction D31.To be formed in one piece with the rest of the key 7, it is provided that the cam 71 is undercut on either side of the plane P7, being crossed by the plane P7, including the portions 81 and 82.

[0065] The end 72 comprises a support portion, forming two faces 83, and a dorsal portion 84. The dorsal portion 84 and the support portion forming the faces 83 are both crossed by the joint plane P7.

[0066] Faces 83, called “secondary faces” are visible on the figure 6 , one of the faces 83 is visible on the figure 1 while the other side being visible on the figure 7 . The faces 83 are complementary to the faces 22 of the seat 21 formed by the tooth 1, as explained below. Preferably, the faces 83 are symmetrical with respect to the plane P7. Preferably, the faces 83 are substantially planar. Preferably, the faces 83 are arranged at the same height along the axis X72. Preferably, the faces 83 are oriented in a “V” shape, that is to say are oriented so as to converge from the axis X72, on either side of the plane P7, being turned away from each other. For example, the faces 83 are inclined with respect to each other by an angle of 60 degrees, each face 83 being oriented at an angle of 30 degrees with respect to the joint plane P7. Preferably, the bearing portion of the end 72, forming the faces 83, is turned away from the bearing portion 81, around the axis X71 and / or the axis X72. The bearing portion of the end 72, forming the faces 83, is turned to the same side as the dorsal portion 82.

[0067] The dorsal portion 84 is preferably semi-cylindrical, extending the support portion 81 of the cam 71.

[0068] To be formed in one piece with the rest of the key 7, it is provided that the end 72 is tapered on either side of the plane P7, being crossed by the plane P7, including the support portion forming the faces 83 and the dorsal portion 84.

[0069] In the insertion orientation, the bearing portion forming the faces 83 is directed in the opposite direction to the direction D31, while the portion 84 is directed in the direction D31. In the locking orientation, the bearing portion forming the faces 83 is directed in the direction D31, while the portion 84 is in the opposite direction.

[0070] In the insertion orientation, the key 7 can be slid relative to the sheath 5 along the axis X33 to be removed or inserted into the sheath 5, while the sheath is received in the conduit 33, whether or not the tooth 1 is fitted onto the tooth holder 3. The insertion or removal of the key 7 is carried out through the orifice 19 of the tooth 1. To be able to be inserted in this way, it is provided that the key 7, when it is in the insertion orientation, slides through the orifice 19, the conduit 52 and the orifice 20, without deformation of the sheath 5 and without coming into contact with the tooth 1, or without pressing against the tooth 1.

[0071] Advantageously, the end 73 is provided to be radially thinner than the cam 71 to pass through the conduit 52 without difficulty, while the cam 71 is radially thicker, to be in direct contact with the conduit 52, substantially around the entire periphery of the conduit 52, except on the possible ovate portion 57 which is set back relative to the cam 71, as shown in the figure 8 where the key 7 is cut at the cam 71. As shown in the figure 8 , in the insertion orientation, the support portion 81 of the support cam 71 is directed in the direction D31 and the dorsal portion 82 is turned in the opposite direction.

[0072] The cam 71 being radially thicker than the end 73, the cam 71 forms an axial shoulder 79 near the end 73, which limits the position of the key 7 relative to the tooth 1, parallel to the axis X33, by coming to bear against the tooth 1, in particular against the ear 18, when the key 7 is inserted into the sleeve 5. The axial positioning of the key 7 is therefore particularly precise, as shown in the figure 3 .

[0073] In this insertion orientation, preferably, the distal end 73 is centered in the port 20.

[0074] In this insertion orientation, the bearing portion of the bearing end 72, comprising the faces 83, is facing away from the seat 21, in the opposite direction to the direction D31, as shown in the figures 1 And 4In this insertion orientation, the bearing portion of the bearing end 72 is radially spaced from the tooth, in particular is radially spaced from the orifice 19. In this insertion orientation, the dorsal portion 84 is not in support, or is in contact without support, against the primary faces 22 of the seat 21, being received between the primary faces 22.

[0075] Preferably, it is provided that, in the insertion orientation, the axes X71 and X33 are coincident. It is advantageously provided that the cam 71 is thinner than the end 72 and / or the head 74, so that the cam 71 passes through the orifice 19 without difficulty. The end 72 and / or the head 74 being radially wider than the cam 71, the risk of inserting the key 7 in reverse is reduced.

[0076] As shown on the figures 3 And 5, pivoting the key 7 into the locking orientation, when the tooth 1 is fitted, causes the keying device to clamp the tooth 1 against the tooth holder 3 in the direction D31. In other words, the key pulls on the tooth 1 in the direction D31 relative to the tooth holder 3, so as to press the tooth 1 against the tooth holder 3 in this direction D31. The tooth 1 is then firmly immobilized on the tooth holder 3.

[0077] In order for the key 7 to perform this tightening, it is provided that, in the locked orientation, the end 72 of the key 7 bears against the bearing seat 21 of the tooth in the direction D31 and that the bearing cam 71 bears against the conduit 33, via the sleeve 5, in the opposite direction to the direction D31. Preferably, it is also provided that the end 73 bears against the orifice 20 of the tooth in the direction D31. It is provided that there is no intermediate part between the key 7 and the tooth 1 for the bearing. In other words, the end 72 and the end 73 are directly in contact with the tooth 1, in particular respectively with the seat 21 and with the orifice 20, to exert the bearing in the direction D31. It is expected that the only intermediate part between the key 7 and the tooth holder 3 is the sheath 5 for support.In other words, to exert the support in the opposite direction to the direction D31, the support cam 71 is directly in contact with the conduit 52 of the sheath 5, and the sheath is directly in contact with the conduit 33 of the tooth holder 3, in the opposite direction in the direction D31. According to the plane P7, only the sheath is interposed between the cam 71 and the conduit 33.

[0078] In particular, in the locked orientation, each secondary face 83 of the end 72 comes to bear flat against one of the primary faces 22 of the seat 21 of the tooth 1, the faces 83 being received between the faces 22. The faces 22 being arranged obliquely while facing one another, the end 72 and the tooth 1 are centered relative to one another, perpendicular to the plane P7, thanks to this bearing. This opposite oblique bearing of the faces 22 and 83 also results from an overall bearing of the end 72 in the direction of direction D31 against the tooth 1. This bearing of the faces 22 and 83 also produces a locking of the pivoting of the key 7 relative to the tooth holder 3, which prevents, during use of the wear assembly, the key from accidentally returning to the insertion orientation.However, applying sufficient torque to the head 74 of the key 7 allows the key 7 to be pivoted back into the insertion orientation to remove the key 7 and effect replacement of the tooth 1.

[0079] Alternatively, instead of the faces 83, it could be provided that the support portion of the support end 72 is semi-cylindrical and centered on the axis X72, while the seat has a complementary shape.

[0080] In particular, in the locked orientation, the portion 84 is oriented away from the seat 21, being directed in the opposite direction to the direction D31. Then, the portion 84 extends radially away from the orifice 19.

[0081] Preferably, in the locked orientation, the end 73 comes to bear against a portion of the orifice 20, in the direction D31. This support being here a cylinder-cylinder support, it tends to obtain a centering of the key 7 and the tooth 1 relative to each other perpendicular to the plane P7. It is advantageously provided that the end 73 completely closes the orifice 20, apart from the rotational clearance, in order to prevent the introduction of foreign bodies through the orifice 20 towards the interior of the wear assembly during use.

[0082] In particular, in the locked orientation, as shown in the figure 3 , the support portion 81 of the cam 71 comes to bear against a portion 59 of the conduit 52 in the opposite direction to the direction D31. The portion 59 is preferably adjacent to the portion 57. As shown in the figure 3 , the sheath 5 is elastically deformed at the portion 59 by being crushed between the portion 81 of the cam 71 and the conduit 33. In order to materialize this deformation, the figure 3 shows a hatched area representing the offset of portion 59 in the opposite direction of direction D31, relative to its initial position referenced 59A. figure 8 shows portion 59 while the sheath is not deformed. This deformation of the sheath 5 causes the sheath 5 to push the key 7 in the direction D31, the key 7 then driving the tooth 1 in the direction D31 to tighten it against the tooth holder, via the ends 72 and 73. In other words, the ends 72 and 73 are pressed respectively against the seat 21 and against the orifice 20 under the elastic action of the sheath 5. This elasticity makes it possible to take up any play likely to be created parallel to the direction D31 during the use of the wear assembly, by wear or matting of the tooth 1 and / or the tooth holder 3 by matting and / or abrasion. Even when the wear assembly is worn, the tightening of the tooth 1 is maintained.

[0083] The support of the key 7 against the tooth 1 in the direction D31 is advantageously distributed on either side of the tooth 1, on the ears 17 and 18, respectively by support of the ends 72 and 73 of the key. The support of the key 7 against the conduit 33 is carried out in the opposite direction via the cam 71, between the ends 72 and 73.

[0084] During the pivoting of the key 7 from the insertion orientation to the locking orientation, the faces 83 rotate past the faces 22, while the key 7 is held in abutment against the tooth 1 in the direction D31 by elasticity of the sleeve 5, which induces an indexing effect of the rotation until it reaches the locked orientation. The technician, while pivoting the key 7, feels the indexing effect, which indicates to him that the tightening of the tooth 1 has been duly carried out.

[0085] Preferably, as visible on the figures 1 And 3, the tooth 1 comprises a retaining rib 23, for axially retaining the key 7 when it is received in the locking orientation, while not opposing the insertion and removal of the key when it is in the insertion orientation. Preferably, the retaining rib 23 is formed on the edge of the keying orifice 19. For example, the rib 23 is formed between the two faces 22 of the seat 21, thus connecting the faces 22 together. The rib 23 is at the same height as the faces 22 along the axis X33. More generally, it is advantageously provided that the rib 23 occupies only a portion of the orifice 19 so that the key 7 cooperates axially with the rib 23 only in the locking orientation and not in the insertion orientation.In the present example, when the tooth 1 is received on the tooth holder, the rib is directed in the opposite direction to the direction D31, being formed on a portion of the orifice 19 on the side of the direction D31.

[0086] Complementarily with the rib 23, the key 7 comprises a radial shoulder 85 and a radial shoulder 86, which are spaced apart from each other along the axis X71. The shoulders 85 and 86 are formed at the bearing end 72. More precisely, the shoulder 85 axially connects the cam 71 to the bearing end 72 and the bearing end 72 connects the shoulder 85 to the shoulder 86. In particular, the faces 83 connect the shoulders 85 and 86 to each other. Each radial shoulder 85 and 86 occupies only a portion of the key 7 around the axis X71, so that the rib 23 cooperates with the shoulders 85 and 86 only in the locking orientation and not in the insertion orientation. The two radial shoulders 85 and 86 project radially from the bearing end 72 in the same direction. For example, in the locking orientation, the shoulders 85 and 86 are directed along the direction X31.In the insertion orientation, the shoulders 85 and 86 are directed in opposite directions.

[0087] To be formed in one piece with the rest of the key, the shoulders 85 and 86 are advantageously tapered on either side of the plane P7, both being crossed by the plane P7.

[0088] In the locking orientation, as shown in the figure 3 , the rib 23 is captured between the two shoulders 85 and 86, to immobilize the key 7 along the axis X33 relative to the tooth 1 and the tooth holder 3. More precisely, the shoulder 85 comes to bear against the rib 23 parallel to the axis X33, in the direction of withdrawal of the key 7, to prevent said withdrawal. The shoulder 86 comes to bear against the rib 23 parallel to the axis X33, in the direction of insertion of the key 7, to ensure that the key 7 is not inserted too far into the sleeve 5.

[0089] In the insertion orientation, the shoulders 85 and 86 are disengaged from the rib 23, by being turned away from the rib 23, to allow the sliding of the key 7 parallel to the axis X33 relative to the sheath 5. In other words, the shoulders 85 and 86 are not placed in axial support against the rib 23 when the key 7 is slid and therefore do not oppose this sliding.

[0090] Preferably, as visible on the figures 4 à 7 , the key 7 comprises a stop groove 87A, which is for example formed radially in relief at the level of the bearing end 72. The groove 87A is preferably formed on a portion of the key 7, which is radial relative to the axis X72, the groove 87A projecting perpendicularly relative to the plane P7, around the axis X72. In other words, the groove 87A is positioned a quarter turn of the key 7 relative to the portion carrying the faces 83. For example, in the insertion orientation, the groove 87A is directed perpendicularly relative to the direction D31, towards the underside of the tooth 1 as shown in the figure 4 , i.e., towards the outside of the bucket 13, whereas in the locking orientation, the groove 87A is directed in the opposite direction, as shown in the figure 5 , that is to say towards the top of tooth 1 and towards the inside of bucket 13.

[0091] Preferably, to be formed in one piece with the rest of the key 7, the groove 87A is undercut on one side only of the plane P7.

[0092] In addition to the groove 87A, as seen in figures 1 , 4 And 5 , the tooth 1 comprises a stop notch 24 and a stop notch 25, here formed on the edge of the keying orifice 19. Preferably, the two notches 24 and 25 are distributed diametrically opposite in the orifice 19, with respect to the axis X33. The two notches 24 and 25 are advantageously turned in the opposite direction to the direction D31.

[0093] The groove 87A and the notches 24 and 25 form rotation stops to limit the pivoting travel of the key 7 from the insertion orientation to the locking orientation, when the key 7 is received in the sleeve 5, itself received on the tooth holder 3, and the tooth 1 is received on the tooth holder 3. As shown in the figure 4 , when the key 7 is rotated into the insertion orientation, the spline 87A comes into rotational abutment against the notch 24 in a forward direction, to prohibit the key 7 from being pivoted beyond the insertion orientation. As shown in the figure 5 , when the key 7 is rotated into the locking orientation, the groove 87A comes into rotational abutment against the notch 25 in an indirect direction, to prevent the key 7 from being pivoted beyond the locking orientation. The pivoting of the key 7 is therefore limited to the insertion and locking orientations, being allowed to pivot only between these two orientations.

[0094] Preferably, in a manner complementary to the groove 87A, as seen in figures 8 And 9, the sheath 5 comprises a stop notch 58A, formed at the end 53 of the sheath 5. When the key 7 is in the insertion orientation, the groove 87A advantageously comes into rotational abutment against the stop notch 58A in the forward direction.

[0095] Preferably, around the axis X72, the shoulder 85 extends in radial projection up to the groove 87A, as clearly visible in the figure 6 . As visible on the figure 7 , the groove 87A projects axially from the shoulder 85 towards the shoulder 86. The shoulder 85 is therefore advantageously radially projecting to occupy a sector of at least 90 degrees from the groove 87A, for example 135 degrees as for the present example, around the axis X72. The shoulder 85 thus forms a collar which comes into axial support, in the direction of withdrawal of the key 7, both against the rib 23 and the seat 21, to occupy an interstitial space between the sleeve 5 and the tooth and reduce the risk of clogging by the introduction of foreign bodies during use of the wear assembly.

[0096] Preferably, around the axis X72, the shoulder 85 ends, circularly opposite the groove 87A, by a stop notch 87B. The aforementioned sector is described by the shoulder 85 of the groove 87A to the stop notch 87B, around the axis X72, and here is 135 degrees. It is expected that the shoulder 85 extends around the axis X72 by connecting the groove 87A to the stop notch 87B. Preferably, in a manner complementary to the notch 87B, as visible in figures 8 And 9 , the sheath 5 comprises a stop notch 58B, formed at the end 53 of the sheath 5. When the key 7 is in the locking orientation, the notch 87B advantageously comes into rotational abutment against the stop notch 58B in the indirect direction.

[0097] Preferably, when the key 7 is received in the sheath, the shoulder 85 comes into axial support against the end 53 of the sheath 5, in the direction of insertion of the key 7. Preferably, this support is carried out over the entire surface of the face of the shoulder 85, which is turned towards the sheath 5, at least when the key is in the locking orientation.

[0098] The axial contact of the shoulder 85 with the sheath 5 and / or the abutment of the notch 87B against the notch 58B improves the sealing between the key 7 and the sheath 5, preventing the introduction of foreign bodies.

[0099] Preferably, the key 7 comprises a disassembly groove 88, visible on the figures 1 , 3 And 7 . Gorge 88 is also visible on the figure 6 , being shown in broken lines, while the groove 88 is behind the shoulder 86. The disassembly groove 88 is provided along the support end 72. The disassembly groove 88 extends for example along a plane orthogonal to the axis X71. In other words, the groove 88 is perpendicular to the plane P7, being crossed by the plane P7 and being undercut on either side of the plane P7. Thus, the groove 88 is formed in one piece with the rest of the key 7, advantageously without recourse to machining the groove 88. The disassembly groove 88 is advantageously formed between the shoulder 86 and the bearing end 72. In other words, the groove 88 is arranged between the two shoulders 85 and 86. The groove 88 is formed in a hollow relative to the bearing end 72. The groove 88 connects, for example, the faces 83 together. The groove 88 is sufficiently narrow to receive the end of the disassembly tool 14, shown schematically in the figure 1 , for example the flat end of a flathead screwdriver, or a crowbar.

[0100] Additionally, it is advantageously provided that tooth 1 includes a disassembly slot 26, as visible in the figures 1 à 5 , which is formed in a hollow on the edge of the keying orifice 19. Here, the disassembly slot 26 is arranged radially in the edge of the orifice 19, in the opposite direction to the direction D31. Axially, the disassembly slot 26 opens towards the outside of the tooth 1, but is blind towards the inside of the tooth 1.

[0101] As shown on the figures 1 And 4, when the key 7 is received in the sheath 5 in the insertion orientation, the groove 88 is released from the support seat 21 by being directed in the opposite direction to the direction D31. On the contrary, the groove 88 opens into the notch 26. The disassembly notch 26 is sufficiently wide to guide the flat end of the disassembly tool 14, introduced from the outside of the tooth 1, to the groove 88, under the shoulder 86, when the key 7 is in the insertion orientation. The disassembly tool 14 can then reach the groove 88 via the notch 26, to slide the key 7 along the axis X33, out of the sheath 5, and thus extract it to carry out the disassembly of the tooth 1. Preferably, to extract the key 7, the tool 14 is used as a lever, by taking a tilting support of the tool 14 on the tooth 1, at the notch 26. The extraction of the key 7 is therefore particularly easy.

[0102] As shown on the figures 3 And 5, when the key 7 is received in the sheath 5 in the locking orientation, the groove 88 is turned against the support seat 21, that is to say is turned in the direction D31 opening out in the direction D31. Then, it is advantageously provided that the groove 88 is closed by the support seat 21, being positioned in particular between the faces 22 and against the rib 23. This limits the clogging of the groove 88 by the introduction of foreign bodies during use.

[0103] The actuating head 74 is configured to be coupled with the actuating tool 11, shown in the figure 1 , so that a technician actuates the key 7 by pivoting relative to the tooth holder 3, between the locking orientation and the insertion orientation, to lock or unlock the tooth 1. The actuating tool 11 is here in the form of a socket, with an end complementary to the head 74 to be coupled thereto, and a standard end, for example a four-sided hollow end, which can be coupled to a ratchet wrench, a wrench or an impact driver.

[0104] The actuating head 74 of the key 7 is formed axially opposite the end 72, so as to open into the orifice 19 when the key 7 and the sheath are received in the tooth holder 3, as visible in the figures 3 à 5. The head 74 then protrudes from the sheath 5, along the axis X33.

[0105] As visible on the figures 1 And 3 à 7, to be able to be actuated in rotation by the tool 11, the head 74 preferably comprises an actuating notch 89, a finger 90 and a finger 91.

[0106] The fingers 90 and 91 project parallel to the axis X33, in the opposite direction of the cam 71. Preferably, the fingers 90 and 91 are arranged diametrically opposite on either side of the axis X72, being distributed along the plane P7. Each finger 90 and 91 is crossed by the plane P7, being undercut on either side of the plane P7 so that it can be formed in one piece with the rest of the key 7. Radially, the fingers 90 and 91 are arranged on either side of the notch 89 to delimit it between them. Axially, the fingers 90 and 91 end at the same height along the axis X72.

[0107] Radially on the inside, the finger 90 delimits the notch 89. Radially on the outside, the finger 90 advantageously forms the shoulder 86. Radially on the inside, the finger 91 delimits the notch 89 while facing the finger 90. Radially on the outside, the finger 91 forms a part of the dorsal portion 84, having a semi-cylindrical shape.

[0108] The notch 89 is centered on the axis X72, and is oriented along a plane perpendicular to the joint plane P7 and having the axis X72 in common with the plane P7. The notch 89 opens parallel to the axis X72, but also radially with respect to the axis X72, in both directions. In particular, in one of the two directions, the notch 89 opens along the groove 87A. In other words, the notch 89 opens at the periphery of the head 74 in a direction orthogonal to the plane P7, and also at the periphery of the head 74 in an opposite direction. The notch 89 therefore passes diametrically through the key 7. Preferably, parallel to the axis X72, the notch 89 extends in a hollow shape up to the height of the groove 88, or even up to the height of the faces 83.

[0109] Being diametrically open from one side to the other and being oriented perpendicular to the plane P7, the notch 89 is undercut on either side of the plane P7 so that it can be formed in one piece with the rest of the key during forging, without additional machining. For the notch 89 to be undercut in this way, it is preferentially provided that each finger 90 and 91, radially on the inside, forms two beveled sides, each side being arranged on one side of the plane P7 while the other side is arranged on the other side. This is particularly visible on the figure 6 , where four beveled sides are observed, forming two pairs of sides diverging on either side of the plane P7. Furthermore, the notch 89 being particularly deep, it can always be actuated by the tool 11, even if the head 74 has been very worn during the use of the wear assembly.

[0110] The head 74 is coaxial with the axis X72 in particular in that the notch 89 is centered on the axis X72 and in that, advantageously, the finger 91 externally has a semi-cylindrical shape centered on the axis X72, forming part of the dorsal portion 84.

[0111] As shown on the figure 1 , to be complementary with the head 74, in particular with the notch 89, while the notch is in relief, it is advantageously provided that the tool 11 has two fingers 111 and 112, separated by a notch. To couple in rotation the tool 11 with the head 74, the finger 111 is received in the notch 89 on one side of the plane P7, between the two fingers 90 and 91, and the finger 112 is received in the notch 89 on the other side of the plane P7, between the two fingers 90 and 91.

[0112] Preferably, as visible on the figures 1 And 3 à 7, the finger 90 and / or the shoulder 86 have an arrow shape, oriented radially outwards relative to the axis X72, along the plane P7. As particularly visible on the figures 4 And 5 , the direction of the arrow visually indicates to the technician the orientation of the key 7. In the locked orientation, the arrow is directed in the direction D31, to indicate that the key 7 ensures the clamping of the tooth 1 in the direction D31.

[0113] Preferably, it is provided that the notch 89 has, on either side of the plane P7, two respective parts whose depth is different, along the axis X72. For example, the part of the notch 89 on the side of the groove 87A is less deep than the part of the notch 89. Thus, in the event of wear of the key 7 during use, at least the deepest part of the notch 89 will give the technician the possibility of pivoting the key 7, even if the other part of the notch 89 is worn.

[0114] In addition, pictograms may be provided, for example in relief on the tooth 1 and / or on the tooth holder 3, to visually indicate to the technician in which direction to rotate the key 7, and / or whether the key 7 is in the insertion orientation or in the locking orientation. For example, a pictogram 40 formed on the tooth 1 near the orifice 19.

[0115] As visible on the figures 2 , 3 And 9 , the plug 9 is designed to close the keying orifice 19, by covering the head 74 of the key 7 and by covering the end 53 of the sheath 5, while the key 7 is in the locking orientation, being received in the sheath 5, itself received in the conduit 33.

[0116] To this end, for example, the plug 9 comprises a base 95, the circumference of which corresponds to that of the orifice 19. The base 95 forms a cover which, when the plug 9 is mounted, extends transversely to the axis X33. The base 95 advantageously comprises a tongue 96, which is housed in the disassembly slot 26 to close it, while leaving a small interstitial space to allow the disassembly of the plug 9 using the tool 14, by lifting the plug 9 via the tongue 96. Parallel to the axis X33, the base 95 preferably comes to bear against the head 74, in particular against the fingers 90 and 91.

[0117] As shown on the figures 3 And 10, to be complementary with the head 74, in particular with the notch 89, while the notch 89 is undercut, the plug 9 comprises two fingers 97, of a shape similar to the two fingers 111 and 112, separated by a notch. The two fingers 97 protrude from the base 95, to be received in the notch 89. One of the fingers 97 is received on one side of the plane P7, between the two fingers 90 and 91, and the other finger 97 is received in the notch 89 on the other side of the plane P7, between the two fingers 90 and 91.

[0118] As shown on the figures 3 And 10 , the stopper 9 advantageously comprises a plug 98, which projects from the base 95, perpendicular to the base 95. Preferably, the plug 98 is arranged between the fingers 97 and the tongue 96. Preferably, as seen in the figure 10 , plug 98 is in the form of a portion of a cylinder, which is centered on the axis X72 when the plug 9 covers the key 7. As shown in the figure 3 , the plug 98 is complementary to the dorsal portion 84 of the key 7 and comes into radial support against this dorsal portion 84 when the plug 9 is mounted. The plug 99 then fills a gap which is formed radially between the dorsal portion 84 and the orifice 19, which prevents clogging by the introduction of foreign bodies during use of the wear assembly.

[0119] As shown on the figure 10 , the plug 9 advantageously comprises a plug 99, which projects from the base 95, perpendicular to the base 95. Preferably, the fingers 97 are arranged between the plugs 98 and 99. The plug 99 is complementary to the shoulder 86, in the extension of one of the faces 83, and comes to bear radially against this shoulder 86 when the plug 9 is mounted. The plug 99 then fills a gap which is formed radially between the shoulder 86 and the orifice 19, and axially between the seat 21 and the base 95, which prevents clogging by the introduction of foreign bodies during use of the wear assembly.

[0120] The pins 98 and 99, the fingers 97 and / or the tongue 96 make it possible to hold the plug 9 in place on the head 74 by fitting along the axis X72. In this case, as shown in the figure 10, for example, it is provided that the pins 98 and 99 are notched for their part intended to be in contact with the key 7, to ensure this fitting.

[0121] In the illustrated example, it has been shown that the sheath 5 and the key 7 are inserted from the right side of the tooth 1 and the tooth holder 3. Alternatively, it could be provided that the sheath 5 and the key 7 are inserted symmetrically in the opposite direction, on the left side.

[0122] Any feature described above for one embodiment or variant may be implemented for the other embodiments and variants described above, as far as technically possible.

Claims

1. A wear assembly for a bucket (13) of an extraction or work machine, the wear assembly comprising: - a tooth holder (3), which is intended to be attached to the bucket (13) and comprising a keyway (33), traversed by a keying axis (X33); - a tooth (1), which is configured to be press-fitted onto the tooth holder (3) along a press fitting direction (D31); and - a keying device, which comprises: • a sheath (5), comprising a housing duct (52) and an outer wall (51), the sheath (5) being configured to be received in the be received in the keyway (33) by means of the outer wall (51), the sheath (5) then being fixed in rotation relative to the tooth holder (3) about the keying axis (X33) by means of the outer wall (51), and • a key (7), which is configured to be received in the housing duct (52) so as to be pivotable relative to the sheath (5), between: ◊ an insertion orientation, wherein the key (7) is able to be slid into the housing duct (52) while the sheath (5) is received in the keyway (33), and ◊ a locking orientation, wherein, while the sheath (5) is received in the keyway (33), the keying device clamps the tooth (1) against the tooth holder (3) along the press-fit direction (D31) under the action of the key (7), by the key (7) bearing against a bearing seat (21) on the tooth (1), in the direction (D31) of press-fitting, and the sheath (5) bearing against the keyway (33) in the opposite direction characterized in that: - the key (7) is monolithic and comprises a bearing cam (71) and a bearing end (72) formed in one piece; - the key (7) bearing against the bearing seat (21) is achieved by the bearing end (72) bearing directly against the bearing seat (21), in the direction of the press-fit direction (D31); and - the sheath (5) bearing against the keyway (33) is achieved by the bearing cam (71) bearing against the housing duct (52), in the opposite direction to the press-fit direction (D31).

2. The wear assembly according to claim 1, wherein: - the sheath (5) is monolithic, the outer wall (51) and the housing duct (52) being formed in one piece; - bringing the bearing cam (71) to bear against the housing duct (52) is achieved without any intermediate part between the key (7) and the sheath (5); and - preferably, the housing duct (52) is coated with a lubricant.

3. The wear assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: - the bearing seat (21) comprises two primary faces (22), each primary face (22) being obliquely oriented, being turned toward the other primary face (22) and in the opposite direction to the press-fit direction (D31); and - the bearing end (72) comprises two secondary faces (83), the bearing end (72) bearing against the bearing seat (21) in that the bearing end (72) is received between the primary faces (22), with each secondary face (83) bearing against one of the primary faces (22).

4. The wear assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: - the tooth (1) comprises a retaining rib (23); and - the key (7) comprises two radial shoulders (85, 86), which are formed in one piece with the bearing end (72) and which, when the key (7) is received in the housing duct (52) and the sheath (5) is received in the keyway (33): • capture the retaining rib (23) between them, parallel to the keying axis (X33), when the key (7) is in the locking orientation, to immobilize the key (7) relative to the tooth (1) parallel to the keying axis (X33), and • are disengaged from the retaining rib (23) when the key (7) is in the insertion orientation.

5. The wear assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the key (7) and the tooth (1) comprise rotational stops (24, 25, 87A), which come into rotational stop when the key (7) is in the insertion orientation, to limit the pivoting of the key (7) to the insertion orientation and which comes into a rotational stop when the key (7) is in the locking orientation to limit the pivoting of the key (7) to the locking orientation.

6. The wear assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: - the key (7) comprises a dismantling groove (88), which is provided along the bearing end (72); and - when the sheath (5) is received in the keyway (33) and the key is received in the housing duct (52), the dismantling groove (88) is: • disengaged from the bearing seat (21), when the key (7) is in the insertion orientation, so that the key (7) can be extracted from the housing duct (52) by inserting a dismantling tool (14) into the dismantling groove (88), and - • turned against the bearing seat (21), when the key (7) is in the locking orientation.

7. The wear assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the key (7) defines a parting line plane (P7), which traverses the bearing cam (71) and the bearing end (72), the bearing cam (71) and the bearing end (72) being tapered on either side of the parting line (P7).

8. The wear assembly according to claim 7, wherein: - the key (7) comprises an actuator head (74), configured to be coupled with an actuator tool (11), to actuate the key (7) by pivoting between the insertion orientation and the locking orientation, the actuator head (74) being formed in one piece with the bearing cam (71) and the bearing end (72) and protruding out of the sheath (5) when the key (7) is received in the housing duct (52); and - the actuator head (74) is tapered on either side of the parting line (P7).

9. The wear assembly according to claim 8, wherein, to be coupled with the actuator tool (11), the actuator head (74) comprises an actuation notch (89) and two fingers (90, 91), which are arranged on either side of the actuation notch (89) to delimit the actuation notch (89), the actuation notch (89) and the two fingers (90, 91) being traversed by the parting line (P7) and being tapered on either side of the parting line (P7).

10. The wear assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: - the tooth (1) comprises a keyhole (19), into which the keyway (33) opens when the tooth (1) is received on the tooth holder (3), the bearing seat (21) being formed on an edge of the keyway (33); and - the wear assembly further comprises a plug (9), which is configured to the keyhole (19) by covering the keying device while the sheath (5) is received in the keyway (33) and the key is received in the housing conduit (52) in the locking orientation.

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