Fastening element

Abstract

The invention relates to a fastening element (1) of a fastening system for a railing (21) on an attic or wall coping, the fastening element (1) having a first leg (2) which is intended to rest on the upper surface of the attic or wall coping and having a second leg (3) which projects from the first leg (2), wherein the first leg (2) has chambers or a cavity and opposite a lower surface (12) with which it is intended to rest on the upper surface of the attic or wall coping has a bearing area (7) for a cover element (19), wherein the bearing area (7) is inclined at an angle of at least 2 degrees to the lower surface (12).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a fastening element for railings on a wall crown or parapet. The invention relates to a fastening element and a fastening system for attachment to a parapet, a wall crown, a flat roof or balcony parapet, or any other upper surface of a wall, a wall projection, or an opening in a building or structure that is to be covered.

[0002] It is often necessary to install additional railings on such a parapet or wall, especially on balconies or flat roof parapets. These railings must be installed without compromising the function of the wall coping, which is to protect the wall crown from the elements, especially rain. The attachment points of the railing or other object must therefore be reliably sealed to prevent water from penetrating under the coping element or into the wall.

[0003] FR2696490A1 shows a fastening device for a railing in which the cover is attached with lateral screws.

[0004] FR2887271A1 shows a fastening device for a railing, which is formed from an extruded profile. A first leg of the fastening device is screwed to the upper surface of the wall crown, and a second leg of the fastening device projects downwards from the first leg next to the wall crown. The second leg protrudes beneath a cover of the wall crown and has a mounting surface in this area for an additional bracket, in which the railing post can be placed. Additional mounting elements are required to attach the cover.

[0005] The object underlying the invention is to provide an improved fastening element and fastening system. In particular, this should also facilitate the attachment of the cover.

[0006] To achieve the object, a fastening element is proposed which has a first leg which rests on the upper surface of a parapet or a wall crown and a second leg which projects from the first leg, wherein as an improvement over the prior art it is proposed that the first leg is provided with chambers or a cavity and has a support surface for a cover element opposite the lower surface with which it rests on the upper surface of the parapet or wall crown, wherein the support surface is inclined by an angle of at least 2 degrees relative to the lower surface.

[0007] The fastening element is made of a material that can support the load of a railing.

[0008] In one embodiment, the fastening element is made of an extruded profile. In another embodiment, the fastening element is made of plastic, for example, as an injection-molded part or extruded profile.

[0009] In one design variant, the fastening element is made of sheet metal elements.

[0010] In one design variant, the fastening element is composed of several interconnected assemblies. The assemblies can be connected, for example, by welding, gluing, riveting, soldering, screwing, a plug connection, or tongue-and-groove profiles. The assemblies can be made of identical or different materials, in particular selected from extruded profiles, plastic elements, and sheet metal elements.

[0011] In one embodiment, the fastening element consists of only one component, in particular in the form of an extruded profile or plastic element in the form of an injection-molded part or extrusion profile.

[0012] The inclination is preferably in the range of 2 to 12 degrees, particularly preferably in the range of 4 to 10 degrees, in particular in the range of 5 to 8 degrees.

[0013] Preferably, the second leg also has chambers or a cavity.

[0014] Chambers are understood here as openings in the fastener that extend along the width of the fastener and are open on both sides at the cut edges of the fastener. The chambers are created in a known manner during the manufacture of the extruded profile. Openings transverse to the extent of the chambers can be created subsequently to the manufacture of the extruded profile, in particular by punching, cutting, milling, or drilling.

[0015] A cavity is understood to be a continuous space in the area of ​​one leg of the fastening element, which is particularly present in the design variant with sheet metal elements.

[0016] Preferably, the second leg has a third leg, which protrudes at a distance from the first leg on the side of the second leg facing away from the first leg. Preferably, the first leg and the second leg form an angle of 90°. Preferably, the second leg rests against the vertical surface of the parapet or wall crown. Preferably, the second leg and the third leg form an angle of 90°.

[0017] The second leg may also have an angle other than 90° or a winding course, in which case it is preferred that the third leg and the lower surface of the first leg are aligned parallel to each other.

[0018] The third leg preferably has at least one mounting opening to which a railing part, such as a glass guide rail or a railing rod, can be attached.

[0019] The fastening element is attached via the first leg, creating a firm connection between the leg and the parapet or wall core. A specialist is able to select a suitable fixation depending on the building structure or the construction method of the parapet or wall core. For this purpose, at least one additional connecting element is generally used, which fixes the first leg to the parapet or wall crown. The additional connecting element can extend through an opening in the first leg into the parapet or wall core. If only one connecting element is present, additional spacers can be provided to prevent the fastening element from tilting around the connecting element, or the connecting element itself can be sufficiently dimensioned, e.g., as an M30 threaded bolt.

[0020] The first leg preferably has at least two screw holes. The screw holes are preferably located at a distance from one another in the longitudinal direction of the first leg. In other words, the at least two screw holes are at a different distance from one another to the second leg. The screw holes are preferably in the form of elongated holes which extend in the longitudinal direction of the first leg. The two screw holes are preferably each located in a chamber of the first leg and are preferably separated by an inner wall of the profile. The support surface for the cover element preferably has openings corresponding to the screw holes. If there is only one screw hole, the support surface accordingly has only one opening. The first leg preferably extends beyond an external thermal insulation of the parapet or the facade of the building.Preferably, the outer region of the first leg is offset from the inner region of the first leg. Preferably, the step between the inner and outer regions forms a stop for the external thermal insulation. Preferably, the step is flush with the surface of the building wall, in particular the wall, to which the external thermal insulation is attached.

[0021] Preferably, the outer region of the first leg is provided with chambers or has a hollow space.

[0022] Preferably, the outer region of the first leg has chambers with vertical partition walls. Preferably, the outer region of the first leg can be shortened depending on the thickness of the outer insulation layer, preferably in increments of 50 mm, by providing a vertical partition wall approximately every 50 mm. Preferably, the outer region is approximately 200 mm long and has four chambers separated by vertical walls. The outermost chamber is closed off from the outside of the building by an outer wall. The innermost chamber is closed off from the inner region of the first leg by a partition wall. Any number or all of the chambers of the outer region can be removed in order to adapt the fastening element to the thickness of the insulation layer.

[0023] In one variant, the entire outer region of the first leg is inclined on its upper side, which closes the chambers or the cavity, preferably at the same angle as the support region. Preferably, the upper surface of the outer region is offset from the support region. Preferably, the offset region also extends over a portion of the inner region of the first leg.

[0024] Preferably, on the side of the support area facing the second leg, there is also a region of the upper inclined surface which is offset from the support area and which preferably also runs inclined, in particular with the same angle of inclination as the support area.

[0025] The offset areas are located below the support area relative to the inclined plane of the support area and are preferably parallel to it. The offset areas are preferably offset from the support area by a few millimeters, for example, 3 mm.

[0026] The partition walls of the second leg serve to stiffen the structure and can be arranged in a suitable manner, diagonally or orthogonally.

[0027] In one version, the fastener is cut from an extruded profile, allowing the width of the fastener to be freely selected. The screw holes and corresponding openings can be created before or after cutting the individual fasteners from the extruded profile.

[0028] The width is preferably in the range of 5 to 15 cm, in particular in the range of 7 to 12 cm.

[0029] Several fastening elements are preferably part of a fastening system.

[0030] The fastening elements are attached to the parapet or wall crown at a distance from one another, in particular with screws or threaded bolts. Crown insulation is preferably present between the building wall or wall and the respective fastening element. The fastening system preferably comprises at least two hem strips, one of which can be placed and fastened on the inner, offset area and one on the outer, offset area. The hem strips extend in the longitudinal direction of the wall over several fastening elements. The inner hem strip comprises two legs which preferably form an obtuse angle. The outer hem strip comprises two legs which preferably form an acute angle. One leg is placed on the offset area so that the other leg preferably points vertically downwards. A cover element can be hooked onto the two hem strips in a known manner.Preferably, the cover element rests on the support area and on the two hem strips. A gap can also be provided between the hem strips and the cover element. Sound insulation, a fleece, or another intermediate layer can optionally be placed between the cover element and the support area or the fastening element.

[0031] The hem strips advantageously ensure that the cover element is held to the hem strips continuously, or at least over a large part of its length. Less preferably, individual hem strips could also be provided on the individual fastening elements, or hooking projections could be provided on the profile of the fastening element, although this would reduce the modularity and compatibility with different cover elements.

[0032] The fastening system preferably comprises a finishing angle, which can be attached to the outer lower corner area of ​​the first leg. The angle can be L-shaped or T-shaped and can serve as a plaster connection edge. A seal, such as an expansion joint, can be provided between the angle and the lower surface of the first leg. The finishing angle preferably extends over several fastening elements.

[0033] The fastening system preferably comprises insulating wedges, which are applied to the parapet or wall crown in the area between the fastening elements. The chambers or cavities, especially those chambers or cavities containing the screw holes, are preferably filled with insulating foam.

[0034] The fastening system may also comprise fastening components for attaching the railing, as well as railing components, which may be designed according to the state of the art, or any suitable railing of the state of the art may be attached.

[0035] The cover element can also be part of the fastening system, or any suitable cover element known in the art can be attached. The cover element preferably comprises a cover surface from which legs protrude downwards at opposite ends. These legs have inwardly and upwardly directed locking projections or a continuous inwardly and upwardly directed locking web.

[0036] The invention is illustrated by drawings of preferred embodiments: Fig. 1: Illustrates an exemplary fastening element in side view. Fig. 2: Illustrates the same exemplary fastening element in side view, using a representation of an exemplary fastening system in the installed position. Fig. 3: Illustrates the exemplary fastening system in the installed position, using the same representation as Fig. 2. Fig. 4: Schematically illustrates an intermediate step in the attachment of an exemplary fastening system in a top view. Fig. 5: Schematically illustrates another intermediate step in the attachment of an exemplary fastening system in a top view. Fig. 6: Illustrates an exemplary fastening element composed of multiple parts in a side view. Fig. 7: Illustrates an exemplary fastening element formed from sheet metal elements in a side view. Fig. 8: Illustrates the exemplary fastening element formed from sheet metal elements in a perspective view.

[0037] In Fig. 1 a variant of a fastening element 1 is illustrated, which is also shown in the Fig. 2-5 is used.

[0038] Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 use the same representation, whereby Fig. 2 only the fastening element 1 is identical to Fig. 1is provided with reference symbols to its components and in Fig. 3 only the other system components and the components of an exemplary structure are provided with reference symbols in order to Fig. 2 and 3 not to overload. The Fig. 4 and 5 show components of the same system or structure in a top view, in a more simplified representation. Fig. 2 to 5 the fastening elements 1 of the Fig. 6 to 8 can also be used.

[0039] How best in Fig. 1 and 2As can be seen, the fastening element 1 is designed as an extruded profile in one embodiment, i.e. is present as an aluminum element. The fastening element 1 comprises a first leg 2 and a second leg 3, which protrudes from the first leg 2. The first leg 2 is provided with chambers which are delimited by a lower surface 12 of the first leg 2 and by an upper surface of the first leg 2. At least part of the upper surface of the first leg 2 is present as a support surface or support region 7, wherein the support region 7 is inclined by an angle of at least 2 degrees, preferably at least 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 degrees relative to the lower surface 12.

[0040] Preferably, the second leg 3 also has chambers.

[0041] Preferably, a third leg 4 is present on the second leg 3, which protrudes at a distance from the first leg 2 on the side of the second leg 3 facing away from the first leg 2. The third leg 4 can be solid as shown, or in another variant can also have chambers.

[0042] Preferably, the first leg 2 and the second leg 3 form an angle of 90°. Preferably, the second leg 3 and the third leg 4 form an angle of 90°. Preferably, at least one mounting opening is provided on the third leg 4.

[0043] Preferably, the first leg 2 has at least two screw holes 10. Preferably, the screw holes 10 are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the first leg 2. In other words, the at least two screw holes 10 are spaced apart from one another from the second leg 3. The screw holes 10 are preferably elongated holes extending in the longitudinal direction of the first leg 2. The two screw holes 10 are preferably each located in a chamber of the first leg 2 and are preferably separated by an inner wall of the profile. Preferably, the support surface or support area 7 has openings corresponding to the screw holes 10 (best seen in Fig. 4 and 5 ).

[0044] Preferably, the first leg 2 extends beyond an external thermal insulation 23 of the parapet or facade. Preferably, the outer region 6 of the first leg 2 is offset from the inner region 5 of the first leg 2. Preferably, the step 13 between the inner region 5 and the outer region 6 forms a stop for the external thermal insulation 23. Preferably, the step 13 is flush with that surface of the building wall, in particular wall 22, to which the thermal insulation 23 is attached.

[0045] Preferably, the outer region 6 of the first leg 2 is provided with chambers 11. Preferably, the outer region 6 of the first leg 2 has chambers 11 with vertical partition walls. Preferably, the outer region 6 of the first leg 2 can be shortened depending on the thickness of the outer insulation layer, preferably in steps of 50 mm, by providing a vertical partition wall approximately every 50 mm. Preferably, the outer region 6 is approximately 200 mm long and has four chambers 11 separated by vertical walls. The outermost chamber 11 is closed off from the outside of the building by an outer wall. The innermost chamber 11 is closed off from the inner region 5 of the first leg 2 by a partition wall. Any number or all of the chambers 11 of the outer region 6 can be removed in order to be able to adapt the fastening element 1 to the thickness of the outer thermal insulation 23.The entire outer region 6 of the first leg 2 is inclined on its upper side, which closes the chambers 11, preferably at the same angle as the support region 7. Preferably, the upper surface of the outer region 6 is offset from the support region 7. Preferably, the outer offset region 8 also extends over a partial region of the inner region 5 of the first leg 2.

[0046] Preferably, on the side of the support region 7 facing the second leg 3, there is also a region 9 of the upper inclined surface of the first leg 2 which is offset from the support region 7 and which preferably also runs inclined, in particular with the same angle of inclination as the support region 7.

[0047] The partition walls of the second leg 3 serve to stiffen the profile and can be arranged in a suitable manner, either diagonally or orthogonally, and are not limited to the illustrated embodiment. A person skilled in the art of extruded profiles is able to appropriately calculate the dimensions and shape of the outer contour and the partitions of the profile.

[0048] As shown, there may be curves in the transition between legs 2, 3, and 4.

[0049] The fastening element 1 is cut from an extruded profile, so the width of the fastening element 1 can be freely selected. The screw holes 10 and the corresponding openings can be created before or after cutting the individual fastening elements 1 from the extruded profile.

[0050] The width of the fastening elements 1 is preferably in the range of 5 to 15 cm, in particular in the range of 7 to 12 cm.

[0051] The fastening element 1 of the Fig. 6 is similar to the already described fastening element 1 of the Fig. 1-3 before.

[0052] In Fig. 6 an alternative arrangement of the partition walls of the second leg 3 is shown, in the form of two obliquely running partition walls.

[0053] Another in Fig. 6 An optional feature shown are raised webs in the area of ​​the outer stepped area 8. The upper surface of these webs is preferably flush with the support area 7. In one embodiment, at least one raised web is present on the outer stepped area 8.

[0054] Both or one of the optional features described can also be used in the Fig. 1 illustrated variant.

[0055] In the version of the Fig. 6 the fastening element 1 is composed of at least two parts, whereby the individual parts can be formed from extruded profiles.

[0056] In one embodiment, the entire outer region 6 of the first leg 2 is designed as a separate extruded profile, which is attached to the inner region 5 of the first leg 2, in particular welded or glued.

[0057] As illustrated, alternatively or additionally, a connection point of two extruded profiles can be present on the inner region 5 of the first leg 2. Preferably, the second leg 3 and the first chamber of the first leg 2 are located on a first extruded profile, and at least one further chamber of the inner region 5 of the first leg 2 is located on a second extruded profile, which are fastened to one another, in particular welded or glued. Fig. 6The non-visible screw holes 10 are preferably located in the second continuous-cast profile, in particular in two separate chambers of the second continuous-cast profile. As shown, the second continuous-cast profile can have only these two chambers with screw holes 10.

[0058] The Fig. 7 and 8 The illustrated design variant of a fastening element 1 made of sheet metal corresponds in terms of external shape to the variants of Fig. 1 to 3 and 6 . What is different is that the fastening element 1 made of sheet metal does not have any chambers, or need not have any chambers. As particularly shown in Fig. 7 As can be seen, there may be a single cavity in the fastening element 1, which is located in the region of the second leg 3 and the first leg 2. The single cavity may also extend over the inner region 5 and the outer region 6 of the first leg 2.

[0059] The sheet metal fastening element 1 can be formed from an angle element and a cover element. The angle element comprises the first leg 2 and the second leg 3, and preferably also the third leg 4. The first leg 2 comprises at least one, preferably two, screw holes 10. The cover element forms the hollow space for the second leg 3 and the hollow space for the first leg 2. The cover element forms the support area 7 and, if provided, the two offset areas 8 and 9.

[0060] Wall areas of the cover element adjoin the support area 7 on both sides. These wall areas connect the support area 7 to the angle element in the area of ​​the lower surface 12. The wall areas also preferably protrude inward beyond the second leg 3 and extend downwards there to the third leg 4. Adjoining the front offset area 9, a section of the cover element extends downwards to the third leg 4. The wall areas form the lateral boundary of the cavity in the area of ​​the second leg 3, the first leg 2, and the rear area 6. The wall areas preferably have openings that can be used to insert insulating foam.

[0061] In a variant not shown, the wall areas have slot-shaped, rectangular, or longitudinally oval openings in the area of ​​the screw holes 10. This allows the heads or nuts of the screws or threaded bolts 18 to be tightened from the side with a wrench.

[0062] The outer region 6 can be formed exclusively by the cover element. The outer region 6 can be open downwards. The lower surface of the outer region 6 is formed by the end edges of the two wall regions of the cover element. The rear side of the outer region 6 is preferably closed. For this purpose, a sheet metal section can extend downwards from the rear offset region 8. A gap can be present between this sheet metal section and the wall regions, as shown in Fig. 7 is recognizable.

[0063] Step 13 is formed by stepped wall sections and in the lower area by the end of the angle element as also in Fig. 7 is recognizable.

[0064] The angle element is preferably made of thicker sheet metal than the cover element. The angle element can be wider than the cover element, so that the cover element rests against the angle element with the end faces of its sheet metal sections. Tabs of the cover element can protrude into slots in the angle element.

[0065] The fastening element 1 of the Fig. 7 and 8 It is adaptable to the structural conditions in such a way that the angle element and / or the cover element can be cut from a sheet metal in the required dimensions, particularly by laser cutting. In particular, the length of the outer region 6 can be adapted to the thickness of the outer thermal insulation 23.

[0066] Several fastening elements 1 are preferably a component of a fastening system, as shown in Fig. 4 and 5 is evident.

[0067] The fastening elements 1 are attached to the parapet or parapet at a distance from one another, in particular with screws or threaded bolts 18. A crown insulation 25 is preferably provided between the wall 22 and the respective fastening element 1. The screws or threaded bolts 18 are anchored in the wall, in particular a concrete wall or a brick wall, below the crown insulation 25 in a manner known to those skilled in the art. As illustrated, the fastening element 1 is preferably clamped between two nuts on the threaded bolts 18.

[0068] The fastening system comprises at least two hem strips 14 and 15, one of which is placed and fastened on the inner, offset region 9 and one on the outer, offset region 8. The hem strips 14, 15 extend in the longitudinal direction of the wall over several fastening elements 1. The inner hem strip 15 comprises two legs that enclose an obtuse angle. The outer hem strip 14 comprises two legs that enclose an acute angle. One leg is placed on the offset region 8, 9 so that the other leg points vertically downwards. A cover element 19 can be hooked onto the two hem strips 14, 15 in a known manner. The cover element 19 preferably rests on the support region 7 and on the two hem strips 14, 15. There can also be a gap between the hem strips 14, 15 and the cover element 19. The hem strips 14, 15 can be glued or screwed to the fastening elements 1, for example.

[0069] The hem strips 14, 15 advantageously ensure that the cover element 19 is held to the hem strips 14, 15 continuously, or at least over a large portion of its length. Less preferably, however, individual hem elements could also be present on the individual fastening elements 1, or hooking projections could be provided on the profile of the fastening element 1, which, however, reduces the modularity and combinability with different cover elements 19.

[0070] The fastening system preferably comprises a finishing angle 16, which can be attached to the outer lower corner region of the first leg 2. The finishing angle 16 can be L-shaped or T-shaped and can serve as a plaster connection edge. A seal 17, for example, an expansion joint, can be present between the finishing angle 16 and the lower surface of the outer region 6 of the first leg 2. The finishing angle 16 preferably extends over several fastening elements 1. The finishing angle 16 can be glued or screwed to the fastening elements 1, for example.

[0071] The fastening system preferably comprises insulating wedges 28, which are applied to the parapet or the wall crown in the area between the fastening elements 1. The cavity or chambers, particularly those chambers in which the screw holes 10 are located, are preferably provided with insulating foam.

[0072] The fastening system may also comprise fastening components 20 for attaching the railing 21, as well as railing components, which may be designed according to the prior art, or any suitable railing 21 of the prior art may be attached. In the example of Fig. 3 and 5 the fastening component 20 is designed as a glass strip rail which extends over several fastening elements 1 and in which at least one glass pane is inserted as a railing 21.

[0073] The cover element 19 may also be part of the fastening system, or any suitable cover element 19 of the prior art may be attached.

[0074] As in the Fig. 3-5As can be seen, there is an internal thermal insulation 24 on the inside of the wall crown or parapet. When installed, the first leg 2 covers the internal thermal insulation 24, the crown insulation 25, and the external thermal insulation 23.

[0075] As is known in the art, a sealing layer 26 or sealing level can be connected to the inner thermal insulation 24 or to the inside of the parapet or parapet, which preferably extends upwards beyond the second leg 3. Typically, a floor 27, in particular a prefabricated floor, is located below the third leg 4.

Claims

1. Fastening element (1) of a fastening system for a railing (21) on a parapet or wall crown, which fastening element (1) has a first leg (2) which is intended to rest on the upper surface of the parapet or wall crown and a second leg (3) which projects from the first leg (2), characterized in that the first leg (2) is provided with chambers or a cavity and, opposite a lower surface (12) with which it rests as intended on the upper surface of the parapet or wall crown, has a support area (7) for a cover element (19), wherein the support area (7) is inclined by an angle of at least 2 degrees relative to the lower surface (12).

2. Fastening element (1) according to claim 1, characterized in thatthis has a third leg (4) which projects at a distance from the first leg (2) on the side of the second leg (3) facing away from the first leg (2), preferably at an angle of 90°.

3. Fastening element (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the first leg (2) and the second leg (3) enclose an angle of 90°.

4. Fastening element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first leg (2) has at least two screw holes (10) in the form of elongated holes, which are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the first leg (2) on the lower surface (12).

5. Fastening element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in thatthe first leg (2) has an inner region (5) which adjoins the second leg (3) and an outer region (6) which adjoins the inner region (5) towards the outside, the lower surface of the outer region (6) being offset from and parallel to the lower surface (12) of the inner region (5).

6. Fastening element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first leg (2) has an inner region (5) which adjoins the second leg (3) and an outer region (6) which adjoins the inner region (5) towards the outside, wherein the outer region (6) has a plurality of chambers (11) which are separated from one another by vertical partition walls.

7. Fastening element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in thaton the outside of the support area (7) there is an area (8) of the outer upper surface of the first leg (2) which is offset from the support area (7).

8. Fastening element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the entire outer upper surface of the first leg (2) is inclined, with the support area (7) being adjoined on both sides by a region (8, 9) of the outer upper surface of the first leg (2) which is offset from the support area (7).

9. Fastening element (1) according to claim 7 or 8 in combination with claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the outer offset region (8) extends over the entire outer region (6) and over a partial region of the inner region (5) of the first leg (2).

10. Fastening element (1) according to claim 2 in combination with claim 5 or 6, characterized in thatthis was cut to the desired width from an extruded profile, which extruded profile comprises the inner region (5) and the outer region (6) of the first leg (2), the second leg (3) and the third leg (4).

11. Fastening system for attaching a railing and at least one cover element (19) to an attic or wall crown, comprising several fastening elements (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening system further comprises at least two hem strips (14, 15) which, after assembly, extend in the longitudinal direction of the wall over a plurality of fastening elements (1), wherein an inner hem strip (15) and an outer hem strip (14) are present at opposite ends of the fastening elements (1) and are fastened thereto, wherein the hem strips (14, 15) comprise downwardly projecting legs onto which the cover element (19) snaps into place during assembly.

12. Fastening system according to claim 11, characterized in that this comprises at least one end angle (16) which extends in the longitudinal direction of the wall over a plurality of fastening elements (1) and which can be attached to the outer lower corner region of the first leg (2) or is attached after assembly.

13. Fastening system according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that this comprises at least two threaded bolts (18) per fastening element (1), wherein the fastening element (1) is fastened between two nuts on each of the threaded bolts (18).

14. Fastening system according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the fastening elements (1) are located above a crown insulation (25), in particular resting with the lower surface (12) on the crown insulation (25), and also extend over the inner thermal insulation (24) and the outer thermal insulation (23).

15. Fastening system according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in thaton a region of the third leg (4) which projects from the second leg (3) under the cover element (19), a fastening component (20) can be attached or is attached after assembly, wherein either one fastening component (20) of a railing is present on one fastening element (1) or one fastening component (20), in particular a glass guide rail, extends in the longitudinal direction of the wall over several fastening elements (1).

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