Fireproof glazing for doors

Abstract

The invention relates to a fireproof glazing (20) for doors, at least comprising a fireproof composite glass (10) consisting of at least one first pane (1), a second pane (2), at least one spacer (3) which extends in spaced relation around the panes (1, 2), and at least one fireproof layer (6) which is arranged in the intermediate space (5) between the panes (1, 2) and the spacer (3); and a securing part (7). The fireproof composite glass (10) has a lower edge (U), an upper edge (O) opposite the lower edge (U), and two lateral edges (S), and the fireproof composite glass (10) has a recess (4) which directly adjoins the lower edge (U) and into which the securing part (7) is inserted, the recess having an edge (K). The securing part (7) has a surface (9) which is flush with the lower edge (U) and has a securing axis (8) that is orthogonal to the lower edge (U).

Description

[0001] Fire-resistant glazing for doors

[0002] The invention relates to fire-resistant glazing for doors and a door system comprising such fire-resistant glazing.

[0003] In the event of a fire, fire-resistant glazing is designed to protect people and objects on one side of the glazing from a fire on the other side. This not only seals out smoke, but also creates at least a temporary heat barrier. During normal operation, however, fire-resistant glazing is intended to function like a normal transparent glazing element. One category of fire-resistant glass consists of at least two, usually transparent, panes with a fire-protection layer sandwiched between them. The fire-protection layer, also known as a fire-protection interlayer or fire-protection gel, contains, for example, an intumescent, heat-insulating and / or cooling material. The material of the fire-protection layer is, for example, an alkali polysilicate with the highest possible water content.Water-based, organic, gel-like polymer hydrogels are also known as materials for fire protection coatings. These fire protection coatings have one thing in common: they are transparent at room temperature, but become cloudy and foam under the influence of heat, exerting a cooling effect.

[0004] Alkali silicates are completely transparent under normal application conditions, but begin to irreversibly cloud and foam at temperatures as low as approximately 80°C. Such fire-resistant glazing can be produced by applying a thin layer of alkali silicate in liquid form to one side of a first pane and then drying it. This drying step is complex and delays the manufacturing process. A second pane is then bonded onto the intermediate, or protective, layer of alkali silicate. Such a manufacturing process is time-consuming, and it is difficult to guarantee consistent product quality, particularly with regard to air inclusions. WO 94 / 04355 A1 therefore proposes a process in which the fire-resistant layer can be produced by casting and without drying.The fire protection layer of WO 94 / 04355 A1 is a polysilicate formed from alkali silicate and at least one hardener. The starting material is flowable and suitable for pouring into cavities. A chamber formed by the space between two (or more) panes is sealed all the way around the edge of the panes. A hole is created in the seal, and the chamber is filled through the hole with the starting material of a fire protection layer in a liquid or pasty state. The hole is then sealed, and the fire protection compound cures to form the fire protection layer.

[0005] The use of such fire-resistant glazing in fire doors is well known. For aesthetic reasons, it is desirable to make fire doors as frameless as possible, but this makes fastening considerably more complex from a technical perspective. State-of-the-art frameless fire doors have a fastening plate on the floor-facing edge of the laminated glazing when installed. This plate surrounds the laminated glazing and has a fastening axis that projects beyond the edge of the laminated glazing. When the glazing is installed, the fastening plate with fastening axis projects from the floor-facing edge of the laminated glazing towards the building floor and engages in an opening in the floor surface of the building floor, preferably in an opening of a floor spring. The fastening axis is also referred to, for example, as a plug-in axis for floor springs.With this type of fire door design, the mounting plate extends beyond the bottom edge of the fire-resistant glazing, resulting in a rather large gap between the bottom edge of the laminated glass and the building floor. This may result in incomplete sealing against smoke penetration in the event of a fire.

[0006] DE 202016106522 U1 discloses a fire-resistant glass door comprising a fire-resistant pane with a glass cutout into which a lock case is inserted.

[0007] EP 2016871 A1 discloses a product display cabinet comprising an insulating glass pane, wherein the spacer of the insulating glass pane forms a recess in the corners of the edge region for receiving axle bolts.

[0008] DE 102010020999 A1 discloses an insulating glass door with hinge fittings, which has a base element held between two glass panes and a mandrel connected to and projecting from the base element.

[0009] Accordingly, there is a need for fire-resistant glazing suitable for ensuring easy door installation and secure room closure in frameless fire door systems. The present invention is based on the object of providing such improved fire-resistant glazing and a door system comprising such fire-resistant glazing.

[0010] The object of the present invention is achieved by a fire-resistant glazing according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments are evident from the subclaims.

[0011] The fire-resistant glazing for doors according to the invention comprises at least one fire-resistant laminated glass made up of at least a first pane and a second pane, which are connected to one another and spaced apart from one another by at least one circumferential spacer, wherein there is at least one intermediate space between the panes and the spacer and a fire-resistant layer is arranged in the intermediate space. If the fire-resistant glazing comprises exactly two panes, these form an intermediate space with a spacer arranged circumferentially between the panes, which is filled with the fire-resistant layer. If the fire-resistant laminated glass has exactly three panes, the third pane is attached to the first or second pane via a further spacer, wherein a further intermediate space is formed between the third pane, spacer and first or second pane, which is also filled with a fire-resistant layer.The fire-resistant laminated glass can also comprise more than three panes, which analogously results in further gaps filled with fire-resistant layers. The fire-resistant glazing also comprises a fastening part that is attached to the fire-resistant laminated glass. The fire-resistant laminated glass has a bottom edge, an top edge opposite the bottom edge, and two side edges that connect the top and bottom edges. Immediately adjacent to the bottom edge of the fire-resistant laminated glass, a recess is made in the glass; in the area of ​​the recess, a section of the fire-resistant laminated glass, including its bottom edge, is thus removed. The recess itself has an edge that, compared to the bottom edge of the fire-resistant laminated glass, is offset inwards towards the center of the laminated glass. The edge of the recess passes through the first pane and the second pane.If the fire-resistant glazing includes further panes beyond the first and second panes, these too are penetrated by the edge of the recess. The fastening component is inserted into the recess of the fire-resistant laminated glass. The fastening component has a surface that is flush with the lower edge of the fire-resistant laminated glass. This is made possible by recessing the fastening component in the recess. A fastening axis protrudes from the surface that is flush with the lower edge and is aligned orthogonally to the lower edge U. When the fire-resistant glazing is installed, the fastening axis engages in the groove of a floor bracket, for example a floor spring, and the surface of the fastening component that is flush with the lower edge and the lower edge of the fire-resistant laminated glass can be provided with a small gap to the floor surface.This ensures reliable smoke containment. Furthermore, with the fire-resistant glazing according to the invention, only comparatively low forces occur between the fastening component and the fire-resistant laminated glass, even when the panes expand thermally, thereby increasing the mechanical reliability of the door system. The fastening component, which is inserted into the recess of the fire-resistant laminated glass, provides a reliable mechanical connection that is superior to purely adhesive connections.

[0012] According to the invention, the fastening part has a surface that is flush with the lower edge of the laminated glass, from which the fastening axis protrudes. Preferably, in the region of the lower edge, apart from the fastening axis, no other components are present that protrude beyond the lower edge of the laminated glass and the flush-fitting surface of the fastening part.

[0013] The fire-resistant glazing according to the invention is fire-resistant glazing for doors, thus suitable for use in doors. Doors include both exterior building doors that separate an interior space from the building's surroundings, as well as doors located within the building envelope that separate one building's interior space from another. The door in which the fire-resistant glazing can be used therefore closes an interior or exterior building opening. The fire-resistant glazing according to the invention can also be used in other building elements, such as walls or windows.

[0014] The bottom edge of the fire-resistant laminated glass is the edge closest to the floor area when installed in a building opening, while the top edge is the edge of the fire-resistant laminated glass that is furthest from the floor area when installed and closest to the nearest floor ceiling of the building. The fire-resistant laminated glass also has two side edges that preferably run parallel to each other and connect the top and bottom edges. The fire-resistant laminated glass also has two outer surfaces that are formed by the pane surfaces facing the environment. In a fire-resistant laminated glass comprising two panes, the first pane represents an outer surface of the fire-resistant laminated glass that faces the environment and an inner surface that points towards the fire protection layer and the spacer.The first pane is connected to the inner surface of the second pane via the fire-protection layer and the spacer, while the surface of the second pane facing away from the fire-protection layer represents an outer surface of the fire-resistant laminated glass. If the fire-resistant laminated glass includes additional panes, this structure applies analogously, with all pane surfaces adjacent to a fire-protection layer being defined as inner surfaces, and the two outer surfaces of the fire-resistant laminated glass being formed by the first pane and one of the additional panes.

[0015] The fastening component is preferably inserted into the recess in such a way that it is in contact with the edge of the recess, whereby this connection can be designed as a form-fitting and / or a material fit. With a form-fitting connection, the fastening component is attached along the edge, i.e. its shape follows the edge geometry of the recess entirely or partially. The fastening component can contact the edge of the recess over the entire height of the edge or only cover a partial area. The height of the edge results from the sum of all pane thicknesses of the fire-resistant laminated glass and the thickness of the spacers arranged between the panes. The mechanical connection between the fire-resistant laminated glass and the fastening component improves with increasing size of the contact area between the fastening component and the edge of the recess.Alternatively or in addition to this mechanical connection between the recess and the fastening part, a material-to-material bond can be achieved by means of adhesive bonding. In addition to a form-fitting design, it is particularly advantageous to provide an adhesive between the fastening part and the edge of the recess. The adhesive is preferably applied in a liquid state and, thanks to its flowability, optimally fills any gaps between the edge of the recess and the fastening part. Once the adhesive has cured, a particularly stable connection is achieved. At the same time, manufacturing tolerances of the recess and the fastening part can be compensated. The materials mentioned for the spacer are preferably used as the adhesive.

[0016] The cutout in the fire-resistant laminated glass extends through all layers of the fire-resistant laminated glass, i.e., the first pane, the second pane, and the fire-resistant layer arranged between them, as well as any additional panes and additional fire-resistant layers of the fire-resistant laminated glass. The cutout can have the same or a different cross-section in all layers, whereby all layers must have a common intersection of the cutout. The cutout in the fire-resistant laminated glass is therefore composed of a first cutout in the first pane, a second cutout in the second pane, and, if applicable, third cutouts in third panes. The edges of the first cutout, the second cutout, and any third cutouts in the panes together form the edge of the cutout in the fire-resistant laminated glass.The edge of the recess in the fire-resistant laminated glass passes through the panes of the fire-resistant glazing and may not run linearly between the outer surfaces of the fire-resistant laminated glass. This is the case, for example, with fire-resistant laminated glass comprising three panes, the second middle pane of which has a smaller recess than the first and third panes. The first pane and the third pane are set back in the area of ​​the recess towards the center of the fire-resistant laminated glass, while a section of the middle second pane protrudes between them and serves, for example, to connect the fastening part via an adhesive connection. The recess is manufactured in at least one partial area as a continuous recess which connects the outer surface of the first pane to the outer surface of the second pane or to another pane.The recess preferably has a cylindrical, conical, truncated pyramid-shaped, or cuboid-shaped cross-section, with all corners particularly preferably being rounded. A cuboid-shaped cross-section of the recess is advantageous in terms of simple production of the recess. A recess with rounded corners is visually appealing and easier to manufacture. The recess preferably does not directly border a side edge of the fire-resistant laminated glass, i.e., a section of the lower edge is located between the recess and the nearest side edge. In other words, the recess does not encompass the corner of the glazing formed by the meeting of the lower edge and the side edge. This allows for improved anchoring of the fastening part along the adjacent edge.

[0017] The recess preferably has a height of 10 mm to 100 mm, particularly preferably 15 mm to 50 mm, and a width of preferably 30 mm to 150 mm, particularly preferably 40 mm to 100 mm. The height of the recess is determined in its direction of extension parallel to the side edges of the fire-resistant laminated glass, while the width is measured along its lower edge.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the fastening part at least partially encompasses the edge of the fire-resistant laminated glass and extends to adjacent areas of one or both outer surfaces of the fire-resistant laminated glass. The sections of the fastening part that extend beyond the recess onto the outer surfaces are referred to as side flanks. These side flanks are advantageous for further increasing the contact area between the fastening part and the fire-resistant laminated glass and the associated mechanical stability. Furthermore, the edge of the recess is not visible to the observer, which can improve the visual appearance depending on the design of the edges.

[0019] In a further preferred embodiment, the fastening part does not protrude beyond the outer surface of at least one of the fire-resistant glazing's outer surfaces. This is advantageous in terms of a space-saving and visually appealing flush design of the fastening part and the corresponding adjacent pane surface.

[0020] In one possible embodiment, the fastening part has at least one web that extends into the space between the first pane and the second pane. If additional panes are present, a web preferably extends into each space between two adjacent panes. This further improves the mechanical connection of the fastening part to the panes of the fire-resistant laminated glass. Optionally, an adhesive can be provided between the webs of the fastening part and the panes of the fire-resistant laminated glass. This further improves the connection and compensates for any manufacturing tolerances of the components.

[0021] Preferably, the fastening axis protrudes by 3 mm to 50 mm, preferably by 5 mm to 25 mm, and particularly preferably by 7 mm to 17 mm beyond the surface of the fastening part that is flush with the lower edge. This is advantageous to ensure secure engagement of the fastening axis in the groove of a floor bracket when the fire-resistant glazing is installed.

[0022] The fastening part is designed as a single or multi-part assembly. In particular, the fastening part can comprise an inner part and an outer part.

[0023] The spacer in fire-resistant laminated glass is used to keep the panes at a defined and constant distance from each other across the glazing. Furthermore, the spacer defines the cavity between the panes into which the fire protection compound is incorporated, and protects the fire protection layer from environmental influences. Depending on the type of fire protection layer and the manufacturing process, the spacer also serves to seal the gap during production. To process a flowable fire protection compound, the panes can first be spaced apart all around using the spacer, leaving an opening in the surrounding spacer frame through which the flowable fire protection compound is poured. The spacer seals the gap. After the gap is filled, the fire protection compound is cured, and the opening in the spacer frame is closed.Suitable spacers for use in fire-resistant glazing are known to those skilled in the art. For example, spacers comprising polyvinyl chloride (PVC), sprayable thermoplastic spacers, and / or glass fiber reinforced plastics (GRP) are used. Spacers made of glass fiber reinforced plastics are available as prefabricated profiles that are bonded to the adjacent pane surfaces using a sealant. The spacer is preferably a thermoplastic sprayable spacer. Sprayable thermoplastic spacers, also referred to as TPS spacers, are known to those skilled in the art and generally comprise sealing materials such as polyisobutylene and butyl rubber. With these spacers, no separate sealant or adhesive is required for installation, as the spacer itself already consists of a suitable sealing material.These spacers can be applied directly to the pane. Thermoplastic spacers are also advantageous due to their comparatively high mechanical flexibility, allowing for compensation of different thermal expansions of the individual components of a glazing unit. Furthermore, thermoplastic spacers, due to their application by extrusion, offer a high degree of flexibility in the shape of the spacer strand. This is particularly advantageous within the meaning of the invention, since the spacer strand can be applied more easily even with more complex recess geometries or if the gap follows the shape of the recess.

[0024] The spacer is preferably a sprayable thermoplastic spacer comprising a sealing material from the group of hot-melt adhesives, particularly preferably from the group of butyl-based hot-melt adhesives, in particular butyl rubber and / or polyisobutylene. The butyl polymers described in EP 1179113 B1, containing 40 wt.% to 65 wt.% polyisobutylene, 10 wt.% to 25 wt.% carbon black, and 10 wt.% to 40 wt.% of a filler, have proven particularly advantageous; they can be applied directly to the panes using an extrusion nozzle. The spacer is optionally flush with the pane edges at the top, bottom, and side edges of the fire-resistant laminated glass, or is set back from the pane edges toward the center of the fire-resistant glazing.In the latter case, an outer cavity is formed between the panes, defined by the panes and the spacer, and open to the environment on a fourth side. In the area of ​​the recess, the spacer can either directly follow the contour of the recess or be set back from the edge of the recess toward the center of the fire-resistant glazing. Thus, the recess neither penetrates the spacer itself nor the glazing area containing the fire-resistant compound. This is advantageous in terms of simple manufacture of the glazing and sealing of the area filled with the fire-resistant compound.

[0025] Preferably, the spacer is set back along the bottom edge by an amount of 0 mm to 200 mm from this bottom edge toward the center of the fire-resistant glazing. Along the top and side edges, the spacer is preferably set back by an amount of 2 mm to 50 mm, particularly preferably 2 mm to 30 mm, and in particular 3 mm to 22 mm, from the nearest edge toward the center of the surface. This creates a circumferential outer space between the first pane, the second pane, and the spacer.

[0026] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the spacer is set back adjacent to the bottom edge by an amount of 30 mm to 200 mm towards the center of the fire-resistant glazing. The spacer is preferably set back by at least the amount that corresponds to the height of the recess, i.e. the extent of the recess in a direction parallel to the side edges. This has the advantage that the spacer does not have to be adapted to the contour of the recess, but can be applied parallel to the bottom edge. Furthermore, the outer space between the panes adjacent to the bottom edge is available for accommodating additional components. In particular, a drop-down seal can be arranged in the outer space between the panes adjacent to the bottom edge. This is advantageous for optimally closing the door gap when the door is closed.When not lowered, the drop-down seal is preferably located entirely within the fire-resistant composite pane and is thus advantageously concealed. The fire-resistant glazing preferably has an outer cavity between the panes, which includes a secondary sealant adjacent to the spacer. The secondary sealant, also referred to as a sealant, fills the entire width of the outer cavity between the first and second panes. This secondary sealant bonds the first and second panes together, thus improving the mechanical stability of the glazing.The secondary sealant preferably contains a polymer or silane-modified polymer, particularly preferably organic polysulfides, silicones, room-temperature-curing silicone rubber, high-temperature-curing silicone rubber, peroxide-cured silicone rubber and / or addition-cured silicone rubber, polyurethanes and / or butyl rubber. Such substances have very good adhesion to glass, so the secondary sealant primarily serves to bond the panes. The thickness of the outer seal made of secondary sealant is preferably 2 mm to 30 mm, particularly preferably 5 mm to 10 mm. The secondary sealant preferably sits flush with the peripheral edge of the first pane and the second pane.

[0027] The fire-resistant laminated glass preferably comprises a sealing strip containing intumescent material on the lower edge, the upper edge, and / or on one or both side edges. Such sealing strips are known to those skilled in the art and are commercially available. The intumescent strip expands in the event of a fire, sealing the gap between the corresponding door edge and the installation opening into which the door system with fire-resistant glazing is inserted. Preferably, an intumescent strip is attached at least to the lower edge of the fire-resistant laminated glass. The intumescent strip is preferably attached to the lower edge of the fire-resistant laminated glass by means of a rail.

[0028] A wide variety of intumescent or non-intumescent fire protection compounds known to those skilled in the art can be used as the fire protection layer. The fire protection layer preferably comprises polysilicates or hydrogels. Examples of suitable materials include the alkali silicates mentioned in EP 2516568 B1 and the hydrogels described in DE 102005018842 A1. Alkali silicate gels according to EP 3224045 A1 have proven particularly advantageous.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the fire-resistant glazing, the fire-resistant laminated glass comprises at least three panes, wherein a third pane is attached to the first pane or second pane via a spacer and is spaced apart from it to form an intermediate space filled with a fire-resistant layer.

[0030] The fastening part is preferably made of a metallic material, for example, aluminum or steel, especially stainless steel. Alternatively, the fastening part can also be made of plastic, for example, polypropylene. Suitable materials are known to those skilled in the art.

[0031] The geometry of the fastening part is preferably adapted to the geometry of the recess, so that the preferred dimensions of the fastening part lie within the ranges disclosed for the recess. If the fastening part has side flanks that encompass the edge of the recess and protrude to the outer surfaces of the fire-resistant laminated glass, the side flanks preferably extend beyond the recess by 2 mm to 15 mm, particularly preferably 2 mm to 10 mm. In this case, the size of the fastening part exceeds the size of the recess by this amount. The same applies to fastening parts comprising webs, wherein the height of the webs is also preferably 2 mm to 15 mm, particularly preferably 2 mm to 10 mm.

[0032] In a first particularly preferred embodiment of the fire-resistant glazing, the fastening part is formed in one piece, is in direct contact with the edge of the recess, and encompasses the fire-resistant laminated glass in such a way that side flanks of the fastening part extend over a portion of each of the two outer surfaces of the fire-resistant glazing. When the fire-resistant glazing is installed, the fastening axis extends from the portion of the fastening part located within the recess toward the floor surface. The fastening axis protrudes from the surface of the fastening part that is flush with the lower edge, orthogonal to the lower edge, wherein the projection of the fastening axis into the plane of the flush surface does not protrude laterally beyond the fastening part.The spacer along the lower edge of the fire-resistant composite pane is set back towards the center of the fire-resistant glazing in such a way that the spacer is set back behind the edge of the recess. The outer space between the panes adjacent to the lower edge is preferably used to accommodate a drop-down seal which, when not lowered, is in particular completely concealed within the fire-resistant composite pane. In a second particularly preferred embodiment, the fastening part is designed in two parts and comprises an inner part and an outer part. The inner part of the fastening part is inserted into the recess and contacts the edge of the recess along the entire recess and thickness of the fire-resistant glazing. The outer part comprises the final surface of the fastening part, which is flush with the lower edge of the fire-resistant composite pane.The fastening axis protrudes from the surface of the fastening part that is flush with the lower edge, orthogonal to the lower edge, whereby the projection of the fastening axis into the plane of the flush surface does not protrude laterally beyond this. The outer part of the fastening part is attached to the outside of the fire-resistant composite pane and encloses the inner part of the fastening part and the recess. The outer part has two side flanks that rest on the outer surfaces of the fire-resistant composite pane. The spacer follows the lower edge in its course and, in the area of ​​the recess, the course of the recess. An intumescent sealing strip and a rail are preferably attached adjacent to the flush surface of the outer part. These have a perforation in the area of ​​the fastening axis that extends through the fastening axis.

[0033] In a third particularly preferred embodiment, the fastening part is formed in one piece and has at least one web that engages in the gap between the fire-resistant composite pane. The web thus extends between the panes adjacent to the inner surfaces of the panes that face the fire protection layer. If the fire-resistant composite pane comprises more than two panes and more than one gap, the fastening part preferably has one web per gap. The fastening part contacts the edge of the recess, with the web(s) extending from the edge of the recess between the panes towards the center of the pane. The fastening axis protrudes from the surface of the fastening part that is flush with the lower edge, orthogonal to the lower edge, wherein the projection of the fastening axis into the plane of the flush surface does not protrude laterally beyond this.On the outer surfaces of the fire-resistant laminated glass, the fastening component is flush with the glass. The fastening component is preferably fixed in the area of ​​the webs using an adhesive. The spacer follows the lower edge and, in the area of ​​the recess, is set back from the edge of the recess toward the center of the surface by at least the height of the web. An intumescent sealing strip and a rail are preferably attached adjacent to the final surface of the outer component. These have a perforation in the area of ​​the fastening axis that extends through the fastening axis.

[0034] The first pane and / or the second pane, as well as any additional panes, preferably contain glass, particularly preferably quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, and / or mixtures thereof. The panes may also comprise thermoplastic polymeric panes. Thermoplastic polymeric panes preferably comprise polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, and / or copolymers and / or mixtures thereof.

[0035] The first pane and the second pane have a thickness of 1 mm to 50 mm, preferably 1 mm to 10 mm, particularly preferably 2 mm to 6 mm, although the two panes may also have different thicknesses. Additional panes of fire-resistant glazing are preferably also within these thickness ranges.

[0036] The first pane, the second pane, and optionally additional panes can be made of single-pane safety glass, thermally or chemically toughened glass, float glass, extra-clear low-iron float glass, tinted glass, or laminated safety glass containing one or more of these components. The panes can have any desired additional components or coatings, such as low-E coatings or other solar control coatings.

[0037] The invention further encompasses a door system comprising at least one fire-resistant glazing according to the invention and a floor mount. When the door system is installed in a building, the fastening axis of the fastening part engages with a floor mount of the building floor. The floor mount is preferably a floor door closer that has a receptacle for the fastening axis of the fastening part. The door system is preferably a swing door system that allows the door leaf to open up to 180°.

[0038] A further aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing fire-resistant glazing according to the invention, at least comprising the steps of a) providing at least a first pane and a second pane, b) making a recess at least in the first pane and the second pane, c) arranging at least the first pane and the second pane such that the recess of the first pane and the second pane is at least partially congruent and connecting the first pane to the second pane via a spacer and a fire protection layer, d) inserting a fastening part with a fastening axis into the recess.

[0039] Preferably, a fire-resistant glazing comprising at least three panes is produced by means of the method according to the invention, wherein the said method steps are applied analogously to the third and further panes.

[0040] The features described with regard to the fire-resistant glazing according to the invention also apply to the method according to the invention and vice versa.

[0041] In step b), the recess is created in the panes using methods known to those skilled in the art for cutting glass. Mechanical cutting and laser cutting are common methods.

[0042] In step c), the spacer is preferably injected in the form of a sealant all the way around the edge of a gap between the panes in an automated manner, for example using a commercially available double glazing system. Preferably, a bead of the sealant is first applied all the way around the edge of the first pane, then the second pane is placed onto the sealant and the arrangement is pressed together. Alternatively, the first pane and the second pane could be held in position, for example by means of a suction device, while a sealant is injected all the way around the gap between the panes using a nozzle on a robot arm. As a further alternative, the sealant can also be prefabricated as a strand or hollow profile strand and inserted into the gap between the panes.

[0043] After applying the sealant, the first pane and the second pane are pressed together with the sealant bead sandwiched between them. Suitable presses, for example, for the production of insulating glazing, are known to those skilled in the art. After pressing the assembly, a blank is produced in which the surrounding sealant bead acts as a spacer between the panes.

[0044] The fire protection layer is preferably applied as a flowable fire protection compound into the space between the first pane, the second pane, and the spacer. For this purpose, at least one opening is preferably provided in the surrounding spacer through which the fire protection compound can be poured into the space between the panes. The blank filled with the flowable fire protection compound is then subjected to a curing step, which hardens the flowable fire protection compound. For example, polymerization occurs during this process, forming a fire protection gel in the chamber. This process is applicable to all fire protection compounds that can be processed in a flowable form during the production process and cure in a subsequent step.Alternatively, the fire protection compound can also be applied in flowable form to one of the panes, dried on it and, after placing another pane on top, laminated between the panes.

[0045] Preferably, a secondary sealant is introduced into the outer cavity between the panes on the surface of the surrounding spacer facing the environment before or after filling with the fire protection compound.

[0046] Various types of fire-resistant glass are known in the prior art that use flowable fire-protection compounds, for example, water-based alkali silicates or water-based hydrogels. Such fire-protection compounds, after curing, produce a fire-protection layer that intumescent under the influence of heat, providing heat insulation and / or cooling. The flowable fire-protection compound preferably comprises at least alkali silicates and at least one hardener. After the fire-protection compound has cured, a polysilicate fire-protection layer is formed. Such polysilicate fire-protection layers exhibit good transparency under normal conditions, while in the event of a fire, a heat-protection effect is achieved by clouding and foaming the fire-protection layer. Intumescent fire-protection layers are also known as intumescent fire-protection layers and are known to those skilled in the art.

[0047] In one possible embodiment of the method, fire-resistant glazing comprises additional panes extending beyond the first and second panes, which, similar to the connection between the first and second panes, are also connected to these panes via a circumferential sealant strip. In this way, two or more chambers are formed in the spaces between the panes, which are to be filled with fire-resistant compound.

[0048] In step d), the fastening component is inserted into the recess of the fire-resistant laminated glass. The fastening component is inserted such that the fastening axis of the fastening component is orthogonal to the lower edge of the fire-resistant glazing and, when the fire-resistant glazing is installed in a door system, can engage a floor bracket in the building floor from this direction. Before or after inserting the fastening component, the lower edge of the fire-resistant glazing is preferably provided with a sealing strip comprising an intumescent material and with a rail attached to the sealing strip. Depending on the dimensions of the outer cavity between the panes, additional components, such as a drop-down seal, can then be inserted into it.

[0049] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings and exemplary embodiments. The drawings are purely schematic representations and not to scale. The drawings do not limit the invention in any way.

[0050] They show:

[0051] Figures 1a, 1b show a schematic representation of a fire-resistant glazing according to the invention as door glazing in plan view and in cross section,

[0052] Figures 2a-c show a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the fire-resistant glazing according to the invention in the region of the fastening part,

[0053] Figures 3a-3d show a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the fire-resistant glazing according to the invention in the region of the fastening part,

[0054] Figures 4a-4d show a schematic representation of a third embodiment of the fire-resistant glazing according to the invention in the region of the fastening part.

[0055] Figures 1a and 1b show a schematic representation of a fire-resistant glazing 20 according to the invention, which is formed by a fire-resistant composite pane 10 and a fastening part 7. Figure 1a shows a plan view, while Figure 1b shows a cross-section along the section line CC' according to Figure 1a. The fire-resistant composite pane 10 comprises a first pane 1 and a second pane 2, which are connected to one another via a sealing agent introduced circumferentially in a strand-like manner between the panes 1, 2, which forms the spacer 3. The sealing agent consists of polyisobutylene and forms the spacer between the first pane 1 and the second pane 2, which is set back from the circumferential edge K of the first pane 1 and the second pane 2 by 5 mm in the direction of the surface center of the first pane 1 and the second pane 2. The spacer 3 and the panes 1, 2 enclose a gap 5 inside the glazing.On the surface of the spacer 3 facing away from the intermediate space 5 and facing the environment, there is an outer interpane space. This space is enclosed on three sides by the first pane 1, the second pane 2, and the spacer 3, and is open to the environment on a fourth side. The intermediate space 5 of the fire-resistant composite pane 10 is delimited by the inner sides I of the first pane 1 and the second pane 2 and the spacer 3, and is filled with a fire protection layer 6. The fire protection layer 6 comprises hydrogels. The surfaces of the first pane 1 and the second pane 2 facing away from the inner surfaces I and facing away from the fire protection layer 6 form the outer surfaces a of the fire-resistant composite pane 10 facing the environment.The fire-resistant composite pane 10 has an upper edge O and a lower edge U running parallel thereto, as well as two side edges S running parallel to one another, which connect the upper edge O and the lower edge U. When the fire-resistant glazing is installed in a door system, the lower edge U is aligned towards the floor surface of the building. At the lower edge U there is a recess 4 into which a fastening part 7 is inserted. The fastening part 7 has a fastening axis 8, which, when installed, serves to be received in a floor bracket in the building floor. The fire-resistant glazing 20 is suitable for use in a swing door system with a 180° opening angle. In the installed state, a door handle 14 is preferably arranged adjacent to the one of the two side edges S of the fire-resistant glazing 20 that is at the greater distance from the fastening part 7.

[0056] Figures 2a-c schematically illustrate a first embodiment of the fire-resistant glazing 20 according to the invention. Figure 2a shows the fire-resistant glazing according to the first embodiment in section Z according to Figure 1a in the region of the fastening part in the form of an exploded view. Figure 2b indicates section lines AA' and BB', with the cross-sectional views along these section lines being shown in Figure 2c. The fire-resistant glazing 20 of Figures 2a-c essentially corresponds to that described in Figures 1a-b, with the difference that the fire-resistant glazing 20 of Figures 2a-2c comprises three panes. In addition, Figures 2a-c detail the design of the fastening part 7 according to a first embodiment. The first pane 1 has a first recess 4.1, while a second recess 4.2 is provided in the second pane 2, and a recess 4.3 is provided in the third pane 18. The first recess 4.1 and the third recess 4.3 are arranged congruently. The second recess 4.2 is designed such that a strip-shaped area of ​​the second pane 4.2 is removed along the lower edge U. In other words, the second pane 2 is shorter than the first pane 1 and the third pane 18 and is set back from the lower edge U of the fire-resistant composite pane 10 by at least the amount of the height of the first and third recesses 4.1, 4.3. The intersection of the recesses 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 of the individual panes 1, 2, 18 corresponds to the recess 4 of the fire-resistant composite pane 10. The recess 4 directly borders on the lower edge U of the fire-resistant laminated glass 10 and includes a section of the lower edge U that is removed in the area of ​​the recess 4. The recess 4 has an edge K which is offset inwards compared to the lower edge U in the direction of the surface centre of the fire-resistant laminated glass 10.The height of the edge K results from the sum of the thicknesses of the first pane 1, the second pane 2, the third pane 18 and the spacers 3 located between the panes. The two spacers 3 are attached so as to be congruent with one another and, starting from the lower edge U, are offset towards the centre of the fire-resistant laminated glass 10 by an amount which exceeds the height of the recess 4 and run parallel to the lower edge U. A drop-in seal (not shown here) can be inserted in the outer space between the panes which remains free between the spacers 3 and the lower edge U. Along the side edges S and the upper edge O, the spacers 3 are flush with these edges, or preferably set back from the corresponding edge (S, O) towards the centre of the fire-resistant laminated glass 10 by the amount of the thickness of a secondary sealant 17 (see Figure 1b).In the vicinity of the lower edge U, adjacent to the spacers 3 (or adjacent to the secondary sealant 17 (not shown)) and the second pane 2, an intumescent sealing strip 15 and a rail 16 are attached in the outer space between the first pane 1 and the third pane 18. The intumescent sealing strip 15 foams in the event of a fire. The rail 16 fixes the intumescent sealing strip 15 and serves to attach the fastening part 7. The fastening part 7 is designed in one piece and is inserted into the recess 4 such that the fastening part 7 makes positive contact with the edge K of the recess 4, thereby creating an advantageous mechanical connection. At the lower edge U of the fire-resistant composite pane 10, a closing surface 9 of the fastening part 7 is flush with the lower edge U. The fastening part 7 comprises a fastening axis 8 which protrudes from the flush surface 9 orthogonally to it.Thus, the fastening axis 8 for mounting the fire-resistant glazing 20 in a building can be inserted into a floor-mounted door closer in the building floor. The fastening part 7 has side flanks 19 that engage around the edge K of the recess 4 and project onto the outer surfaces a of the fire-resistant composite pane 10. An adhesive 12 is applied between the side flanks 19 and the outer surfaces a, which serves to additionally fix the fastening part 7. The surface 9, which is flush with the lower edge U of the fire-resistant composite pane 10, does not project beyond the lower edge U. This is advantageous for minimizing the floor-side door gap when installing the fire-resistant glazing 20.

[0057] Figures 3a-3d show a second preferred embodiment of the fire-resistant glazing according to the invention as a schematic representation. Figure 3a shows the fire-resistant glazing 20 according to the second embodiment in section Z according to Figure 1a in the region of the fastening part in the form of an exploded view. In Figure 3b, the section line AA' is indicated, with the cross-sectional view along this section line being shown in Figure 3c. The fire-resistant glazing 20 of Figures 3a-d essentially corresponds to that described in Figures 2a-c, with only the differences being explained below. The first pane 1 has a first recess 4.1, while a second recess 4.2 is provided in the second pane 2, and a recess 4.3 is provided in the third pane 18. All recesses are congruent and together form the recess 4 of the fire-resistant composite pane 10.The two spacers 3 are mounted congruently with each other and run along the lower edge U directly adjacent to and parallel to it. Preferably, the spacers 3 are set back from the lower edge U by the amount of the thickness of a secondary sealant, and a secondary sealant is introduced between the spacers 3 and the lower edge U into the outer space between the panes. In the area of ​​the recess 4, the spacers 3 follow the course of the recess 4 and run parallel to its edge K. In this area, too, a secondary sealant is preferably located between the spacers 3 and the edge K. The fastening part 7 is designed in two parts and comprises an inner part 7.1 (shown in Figure 3d) and an outer part 7.2. The inner part 7.1 is inserted into the recess 4 such that it makes positive contact with the edge K of the recess 4, thereby creating an advantageous mechanical connection. The outer part 7.2 comprises a fastening axis 8, which protrudes orthogonally from the surface 9 that is flush with the lower edge U. The outer part 7.2 is attached to the fire-resistant composite pane 10 from the lower edge U in such a way that it encloses the recess 4 with the inner part 7.1 inserted therein. For this purpose, the outer part 7.2 has side flanks 19 that encompass the inner part 7.1 and the edge K of the recess 4 and protrude onto the outer surfaces a of the fire-resistant composite pane 10. An adhesive 12 is applied between the side flanks 19 and the outer surfaces a, which serves to additionally fix the outer part 7.2. The inner part 7.1 is fixed by the outer part 7.2. Along the lower edge U, the fire-resistant composite pane 10 has an intumescent sealing strip 15 and a rail 16, which are applied in this order to the lower edge U with the fastening part 7 inserted in the recess 4.The rail 16 and the intumescent sealing strip 15 have an opening in the area of ​​the fastening axis 8, so that the fastening axis 8 is accessible from the floor surface in the installed state.

[0058] Figures 4a-4d show a third preferred embodiment of the fire-resistant glazing according to the invention as a schematic representation. Figure 4a shows the fire-resistant glazing 20 according to the third embodiment in section Z according to Figure 1a in the region of the fastening part in the form of an exploded view. In Figure 4b, the section lines AA' and BB' are indicated, with the cross-sectional views along these section lines being shown in Figures 4c and 4d. The fire-resistant glazing 20 of Figures 4a-d essentially corresponds to that described in Figures 2a-c, with only the differences being explained below. The first pane 1 has a first recess 4.1, while a second recess 4.2 is provided in the second pane 2, and a recess 4.3 is provided in the third pane 18. All recesses are congruent and together form the recess 4 of the fire-resistant composite pane 10.The two spacers 3 are attached congruently to one another and run along the lower edge U directly adjacent to and parallel to this. Preferably, the spacers 3 are set back from the lower edge U by the amount of the thickness of a secondary sealant, and a secondary sealant is introduced between the spacers 3 and the lower edge U into the outer space between the panes. In the region of the recess 4, the spacers 3 initially run perpendicular to the lower edge U, then parallel to the lower edge U, and finally perpendicular again to the lower edge U, whereby the spacers surround the recess 4 in the shape of a rectangle open towards the lower edge U. The spacers 3 are thus set back from the edge K of the recess 4 in the direction of the center of the fire-resistant composite pane 10.The fastening part 7 is made in one piece and is inserted into the recess 4 in such a way that it makes positive contact with the edge K of the recess 4, thereby creating an advantageous mechanical connection. The fastening part 7 comprises a fastening axis 8 which, starting from the surface 9 which is flush with the lower edge U, points orthogonally away from the lower edge U. Two webs 21 extend from the surface of the fastening part 7 which is in contact with the edge K of the recess and which, when the fastening part 7 is installed in the recess 4, engage in the space between the first pane 1 and the second pane 2 and in the space between the second pane 2 and the third pane 18. An adhesive 12 is applied between the webs 21 and the panes 1, 2, 18 and serves to fix the fastening part 7. The fastening part 7 is designed to be flush with the outer surfaces a of the fire-resistant composite pane 10.At the lower edge U, the fastening part 7 does not protrude beyond the lower edge U. Along the lower edge U, the fire-resistant composite pane 10 has an intumescent sealing strip 15 and a rail 16, which are inserted in this order onto the lower edge U in the recess 4.

[0059] Fastening part 7 is applied. The rail 16 and the intumescent sealing strip 15 have an opening in the area of ​​the fastening axis 8, so that it is accessible from the floor surface of the building when installed.

[0060] List of reference symbols:

[0061] (10) Fire-resistant laminated glass

[0062] (20) Fire-resistant glazing

[0063] (1) first disc

[0064] (2) second disc

[0065] (3) Spacers

[0066] (4) Recess

[0067] (4.1) first recess

[0068] (4.2) second recess

[0069] (4.3) third recess

[0070] (5) Space

[0071] (6) Fire protection layer

[0072] (7) Fastening part

[0073] (7.1) Inner part of the fastening part

[0074] (7.2) Outer part of the fastening part

[0075] (8) Mounting axis

[0076] (9) final surface of the fastening part 7

[0077] (11) Bridge

[0078] (12) Adhesive

[0079] (13) more discs

[0080] (14) Door handle

[0081] (15) intumescent sealing tape

[0082] (16) Rail

[0083] (17) secondary sealant

[0084] (18) third discs

[0085] (19) Side flanks

[0086] (21) Bridges

[0087] K Edge of the recess 4

[0088] U Lower edge of the fire-resistant composite pane 10

[0089] O Upper edge of the fire-resistant composite pane 10

[0090] S Side edges of the fire-resistant composite pane 10 a Outer surfaces of the fire-resistant composite pane 10 I Inner surfaces of the fire-resistant composite pane 10

[0091] Z cutout

Claims

Claims Fire-resistant glazing (20) for doors comprising at least a fire-resistant laminated glass (10) made of at least a first pane (1), a second pane (2), at least one spacer (3) spaced the panes (1, 2) around their perimeter and at least one fire-resistant layer (6) arranged in the space (5) between the panes (1, 2) and the spacer (3), and a fastening element (7), wherein the fire-resistant laminated glass (10) has a lower edge (U), a top edge (O) opposite the lower edge (U) and two side edges (S), the fire-resistant laminated glass (10) has a recess (4) immediately adjacent to the lower edge (U) with an edge (K) that passes through the first pane (1) and the second pane (2) and into which the fastening element (7) is inserted, and the fastening element (7) has a surface (9) flush with the lower edge (U) with a fastening axis (8) oriented orthogonally to the lower edge (U).Fire-resistant glazing (20) according to claim 1, wherein the fastening axis (8) projects 3 mm to 50 mm, preferably 5 mm to 25 mm, and particularly preferably 7 mm to 17 mm beyond the surface (9) that is flush with the lower edge U. Fire-resistant glazing (20) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fastening element (7) contacts the edge (K) of the recess (4) and is preferably bonded to it by a material-bonded or form-fit connection. Fire-resistant glazing (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fastening element (7) at least partially surrounds the edge (K) of the recess (4) and extends onto the recess (4) adjacent areas of one or both outer surfaces (a) of the laminated fire-resistant glass. Fire protection glazing (20) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fastening part (7) has at least one web (11) which extends into the space (5) between the first pane (1) and the second pane (2).

6. Fire-resistant glazing (20) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fastening part (7) is made in one piece or in multiple pieces.

7. Fire protection glazing (20) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the spacer (3) runs adjacent to the lower edge (U) at a distance of 0 mm to 200 mm from the lower edge (U).

8. Fire protection glazing (20) according to claim 7, wherein the spacer (3) is attached adjacent to the lower edge (U) at a distance of 30 mm to 200 mm and a drop seal is arranged in the space between the first pane (1), second pane (2), spacer (3) and lower edge (U).

9. Fire-resistant glazing (20) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fire-resistant laminated glass (10) includes a sealing strip (15) comprising intumescent material at the lower edge (U), at the upper edge (O) and / or at one or both side edges (S).

10. Fire-resistant glazing (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fire-resistant layer (6) comprises hydrogels and / or polysilicates.

11. Fire-resistant glazing (20) according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the fire-resistant laminated glass (10) comprises at least a third pane (18) which is attached to the first pane (1) and / or second pane (2) via a spacer (3) and is spaced apart from it by forming a space (5) filled with a fire-resistant layer (6).

12. Door system comprising at least a fire-resistant glazing (20) according to one of claims 1 to 11 and a floor bracket, wherein in the installed state of the door system in a building the fastening axis (8) of the fire-resistant glazing (20) engages in the floor bracket.

13. Method for manufacturing a fire-resistant glazing (20) according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein at least a) a first pane (1) and a second pane (2) are provided, b) a recess (4) is provided in the first disk (1) and the second disk (2), c) the first disk (1) and the second disk (2) are arranged such that the recesses (4) of the first disk (1) and the second disk (2) are at least partially congruent and the first d) the disc (1) is connected to the second disc (2) via a spacer (3) and a fire protection layer (6), d) a fastening part (7) with fastening axis (8) is inserted into the recess (4).

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