Integrated and compact smart transmission and reception system

Abstract

The invention relates to a system (1,1',1") comprising at least two transmission / reception modules that are intended to be connected to an antenna probe or a device under test, the module (4) comprising a transmission / reception submodule (411) connected to a processing and communication submodule (412), the transmission / reception submodule (411) comprising two radiofrequency outputs from which extend two radiofrequency cables (43) for connecting the module (4) to a radiating element or directly to a device under test, the processing and communication submodule (412) being configured, based on at least one communication protocol, to generate communication signals intended to be communicated to the transmission / reception submodule (411) so as to be transmitted on the radiofrequency cables (43), and the transmission / reception submodule (411) and the processing and communication submodule (412) being housed in a housing (42).

Description

[0001] INTEGRATED AND COMPACT INTELLIGENT TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION SYSTEM

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The invention relates to an intelligent transmitter-receiver system synchronized at any location in space, making it possible in particular to network several radiating probes (or antennas) for the emission and / or reception of electromagnetic radiation in the context of beam formation or the characterization of a radiating device.

[0004] The invention also relates to the characterization of a device under test. In this case, the transceiver can be alone for characterization of a wired device, or connected to radiating probes and networked by optical link to generate a realistic wireless communication scenario to or from a communicating device under test.

[0005] STATE OF THE ART

[0006] A multi-sensor transmission and reception system for characterizing a radiating device usually comprises several radiating electromagnetic probes (or antennas) arranged in an arch shape. This arrangement is advantageous in that it allows a mechanical displacement axis to be replaced by an electronic scanning axis. Documents WO2012 / 45877 or WO2012 / 45879 describe such systems.

[0007] Such systems are advantageous compared to conventional measuring equipment such as BCMA (Compact Antenna Measurement Base) or single sensor equipment. These systems provide a very powerful and rapid measuring equipment.

[0008] However, with conventional single or multi-sensor systems, the probes are passive and permanently wired for a fixed operating configuration at the installation. In addition, it is difficult to position them wherever you want in space given the inherent difficulties of wiring.

[0009] STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

[0010] The invention solves the problem of reconfiguring transmission / reception systems for measurement or beamforming to achieve great flexibility of use.

[0011] For this purpose, the invention relates to a transmission-reception system comprising at least two modules intended to be connected to an antenna probe or a device under test, each comprising a transmission-reception sub-module connected to a processing and communication sub-module, the transmission-reception sub-module comprising two radiofrequency outputs from which two radiofrequency cables extend to connect the module to a radiating element or directly to a device under test, the processing and communication sub-module being configured to, from at least one communication protocol, generate communication signals intended to be communicated to the transmission-reception sub-module to be transmitted over the radiofrequency cables, the transmission-reception sub-module and the processing and communication sub-module are housed in a preferably shielded housing to be impervious to electromagnetic radiation, the modules being,furthermore, connected to each other in series by means of an optical link.,

[0012] The invention is advantageously supplemented by the following characteristics, taken alone or in any of their technically possible combinations:

[0013] - each module is associated with a bipolarized antenna connected to the transmission-reception sub-module via radiofrequency cables;

[0014] - radio frequency cables have the shortest possible length allowing the connection of elements with radio frequency connectors while limiting the associated losses.

[0015] - the transmission and reception system comprises a control unit configured to communicate a communication protocol to the module, the control unit being connected to the module via a dedicated link adapted to the signals, the link being an Ethernet link or an optical link.

[0016] - the modules are connected to each other in series by means of an optical link, the system comprising a control unit connected to the first module of the series of modules by means of a dedicated link and configured to control the modules and to synchronize them with each other, the control unit being able to control one or more chains of modules.

[0017] - the control unit is configured to control the modules and to synchronize them with each other so as to generate an electromagnetic environment.

[0018] - the modules are arranged on a support in the shape of an arch, disc or sphere, the support being intended to be positioned around a device under test;

[0019] - the control unit is configured to configure each module according to a defined measurement environment.

[0020] The invention therefore proposes a reconfigurable system allowing the transmission and reception system to be completely reconfigured on demand.

[0021] The invention allows generating a dedicated scenario at any location in space. In the case of several networked systems, the different systems are distributed in space by synchronizing them with each other at dedicated positions. It is therefore possible to precisely control their behavior in time and space.

[0022] Each system is advantageously small and therefore compact, which allows it to be placed anywhere in the space. Also, the dimensions lead to a technological concentration allowing a large number of systems to be distributed.

[0023] For low-frequency applications, the invention makes it possible to create compact measuring systems that are easy to control and calibrate. For example, it is possible to generate a plane wave at short distances with a wall of transmitting / receiving systems.

[0024] Synchronizing different systems allows for parallel processing, which increases speed. Specific processing can therefore be performed remotely or distributed across all the different systems.

[0025] Each system can communicate directly with a computer via USB / Ethernet links.

[0026] In addition to the ability to perform measurements in OTA (Over The Air) communication, i.e. any type of wireless communication, the invention can also be used as a measuring instrument such as a vector network analyzer, spectrum analyzer, or vector signal analyzer.

[0027] The modular aspect of the system architecture allows for cascading blocks to add functionalities such as frequency conversion to higher or lower frequencies, RCS (Radar Cross Section) measurements, or S-parameters (Scattering Parameters) measurements.

[0028] The system according to the invention is intended to equip, for example, multi-sensor radiofrequency measurement systems (in particular spherical near-field measurement bases).

[0029] The system according to the invention can be used to generate radiation patterns that can be reconfigured at will in reception as well as in transmission, in particular for plane wave synthesis or beam formation, by networking them.

[0030] The target frequency range of the radio frequency spectrum extends from a few megahertz to a few hundred gigahertz.

[0031] In particular, the invention makes it possible to test and therefore characterize devices communicating at 5G frequencies. The invention makes it possible to test one or more antennas powered by means of cables or equipped directly with their source or with their integrated receivers and capable of operating in transmission and / or reception.

[0032] The invention makes it possible to know the response of the antenna and the integrated transmitter / receiver of a mobile phone to external electromagnetic radiation. The invention makes it possible to know the response of a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antenna with its on-board receiver to external electromagnetic interference.

[0033] The invention makes it possible to measure the radiation pattern of a radar antenna in several directions in space.

[0034] The invention makes it possible to measure the sensitivity of a mobile phone in several directions in space and also to generate wave propagation scenarios corresponding to an environment such as a building, a vehicle, and / or an urban or rural area.

[0035] Being able to synchronize all systems allows for testing devices operating at high frequencies. Indeed, in 5G technology, several hundred MHz (for example, 200 MHz) of bandwidth must be passed through each 5G MIMO channel. This means the ability to analyze 200 million pieces of information in one second. To achieve this, all systems must be synchronized with each other. Such performance is not possible with current systems, which rarely reach 200 MHz of bandwidth, and these systems are also large.

[0036] Generally speaking, any communicating system can be characterized and put into a communication situation in a realistic scenario by means of the invention comprising integrated instrumentation. A whole battery of tests can thus be carried out thanks to the reconfigurable nature of the system of the invention.

[0037] PRESENTATION OF FIGURES

[0038] Other characteristics, aims and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description, which is purely illustrative and non-limiting, and which must be read in conjunction with the appended drawings in which:

[0039] - figure 1 illustrates a transmission reception system according to a first embodiment;

[0040] - figure 2 illustrates a transmission reception system according to a second embodiment;

[0041] - figure 3 schematically illustrates a module of a transmission-reception system according to the invention;

[0042] - figure 4 illustrates an antenna of a probe according to the invention;

[0043] - figure 5 illustrates a transmission reception system according to a third embodiment;

[0044] - figure 6 illustrates a transmission reception system according to a fourth embodiment; - figure 7 illustrates a transmission reception system according to a fifth embodiment;

[0045] - figures 8a and 8b schematically illustrate the measurement of a communicating device in a conventional MIMO system whose wired configuration is fixed, compared to a MIMO system obtained using the system according to the invention.

[0046] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] General principle

[0048] Figure 1 illustrates a transmission-reception system 1 intended to be in communication with a device 2, for example a device under test (in English, Device Under Test, DUT) according to a first embodiment. According to this first embodiment, the system 1 comprises a transmission-reception module 4 connected directly to the device 2.

[0049] Figure 2 illustrates a transmission-reception system 1' intended to be in communication with a device 2' according to a second embodiment. According to this second embodiment, the system 1' comprises a module 4 connected to the device 2' by a wireless link via an antenna 41 or probe. This may also be a device under test 2'.

[0050] As illustrated in Figure 3, the module 4 comprises a transmission / reception sub-module 411 connected to a processing and communication sub-module 412, the transmission / reception sub-module 411 comprising two radiofrequency outputs RF1, RF2 from which two radiofrequency cables 43 extend to connect the module 4 directly to a device 2 or to an antenna 41.

[0051] The transmission-reception sub-module 411 and the processing and communication sub-module 412 are advantageously housed in a housing 42, preferably shielded to be impervious to electromagnetic radiation. The housing 42 is small, as small as possible to suitably house the various elements.

[0052] The processing and communication sub-module 412 is configured to, from at least one communication protocol, generate communication signals intended to be communicated to the transmission and reception sub-module 411 to be transmitted on the radiofrequency cables 43. A communication protocol is typically one of 5G, 4G, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth™ communication protocols or more generally a specification of several rules for a particular type of communication.

[0053] The radiofrequency cables 43 are of the shortest possible length. They generally do not exceed, for example, 10 cm. But the length of the radiofrequency cables 43 can be adapted according to the frequency or integration constraint. The interest is to be able to position the module 4 as close as possible to the device 2 to which it must be connected, or if connected to an antenna 41, to limit the losses due to its cabling.

[0054] The processing and communication sub-module 412 comprises a stage 413 for signal processing and a stage 414 for communication management. The processing stage 413 comprises, for example, a processor and one or more FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays) and makes it possible to process and calibrate the signals on the one hand, but also to configure the shape of the electromagnetic wave (attenuation effect, phase shift, fading, Doppler, or time delay effect). It is thus possible to generate chirps for radar applications, for example. It is also possible to generate complex modulated signals (for example, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, Wi-Fi, radar signals, etc.).

[0055] Among the signal processing options available with the 412 module are gain adjustment, phase adjustment, filtering, time shifting, adding random noise, simulating the Doppler effect, etc.

[0056] The communication stage 413 is configured for communication management and is connected to different interfaces: USB 415, optical 416, Ethernet 417 depending on the desired communication. The USB interface allows the module 4 to be connected to a measurement system 12 or directly to a computer for programming the FPGA and for its debugging, the optical interface 416 to an optical link and the Ethernet interface to a control unit 11 of the computer type for example. The optical interface 416 allows in particular communication between two modules.

[0057] Furthermore, the sub-module 412 comprises an interface 418 for supplying power to the sub-modules 411, 412.

[0058] The sub-module 411 includes an interface 419 to be connected to the sub-module 412. According to this example, the sub-modules 411, 412 are on separate electronic cards for better integration into the system, but these sub-modules can very well be integrated on a single card.

[0059] Each module 4 therefore comprises a digital transmitter / receiver comprising several channels (for example two channels) and a directly implemented channel emulator function allowing the generation of advanced communication protocols. Module 4 is reversible in the sense that it can transmit a signal (Tx direction), as well as receive one (Rx direction). In reception (Rx), module 4 can measure a signal and carry out processing on this signal. In transmission (Tx), the module generates the desired signal.

[0060] As a result, each module 4 can be reconfigured at will, which allows for great flexibility in its use.

[0061] Also, the system's consumption is relatively low compared to conventional equipment used in a multi-sensor system with conventional architecture comprising passive modules. There is therefore a power gain in the link budget which allows working with lower level signals and correspondingly reduced energy consumption.

[0062] Consumption varies depending on the chosen application, which requires more or less computing power. The system of the invention allows flexible consumption depending on the type of use. Given the simple wiring, the possible applications are numerous. Each module is capable of receiving and transmitting a CW or complex signal.

[0063] Furthermore, given that the transmission / reception sub-module 411 is as close as possible to the antenna, all radio processing, and in particular the switch to baseband, is carried out at this location and the wired radio frequency link, which is usually a source of loss, is no longer a constraint here.

[0064] Also, since the processing is done at the level of each module, it becomes perfect thanks to the calibration applied locally. In addition, when the modules are calibrated, the calibration data can be stored at the level of the processing and communication sub-module and not on an external device as is the case with conventional systems.

[0065] The low use of wired radio frequency links allows the system to be used to measure large test devices: aircraft, satellites or even automobiles.

[0066] The communication protocol is provided to the module (in particular at stage 413) via a control unit 10. The control unit 10 may, depending on the case, comprise only a computer 11 which sends the protocol to the module via a dedicated Ethernet-type link 3a. However, to enable signals to be sent to the module 4 which are not supported by an Ethernet link (bandwidth, bit rates), the control unit 10 comprises, in addition to the computer 11, a box 12 for generating signals which are not supported by an Ethernet link. The box 12 is connected to the computer 11 which controls it. Such a box is a CRPI (Common Public Radio Interface) box. The module 4 is in this case connected to the box 12 via an optical link 3b. Also, the control unit 10 may also comprise a spectrum analyzer 14 connected to the computer 11.

[0067] In the latter case, the box 12 is advantageously connected to a radio measurement system 13 (in English, Radio Communication Tester, RCT). Thus, the box 12 has the role of also interfacing with conventional measuring devices (network emulator, complex signal generator, etc.).

[0068] The computer 11 therefore makes it possible to manage the configuration of the module 4 remotely and is more generally a device comprising a user interface, a processor and an Ethernet link. The computer 11 also makes it possible to identify a malfunction of the module 4. As will have been understood, all the intelligence of the module is positioned as close as possible to the device under test 2.

[0069] According to the second embodiment, illustrated in Figure 2, the module 4 is connected to a device under test 2' via an antenna 41 which is a bipolarized passive antenna 41, the device under test 2' then being a radiating device, a mobile phone, a tablet, a connected object. As illustrated in Figure 4, the passive antenna 41 is advantageously an assembly of two radiating elements 41a, 41b in a cross-shaped assembly, each element of the cross corresponding to a polarization for the radiation of the antenna 41. The passive antenna 41 has dimensions which depend on the desired frequencies in relation to the device under test 2'. The advantage of the orthogonal positioning of two linearly polarized antennas is to know perfectly the wave vector in the plane of the antennas, and therefore to know the electric field precisely at this location.

[0070] The dimensions depend on the frequency bands covered by the antenna. For example: 0.4-6 GHz, 6-18 GHz, 18-50 GHz. The higher the frequency band, the smaller the dimensions. The lower the frequency band, the larger the dimensions.

[0071] The passive antenna 41 is connected to the transmission / reception sub-module 411 via two radiofrequency links 43 (one for each polarization and therefore each radiating element 41 a, 41 b of the antenna 41 ). These radiofrequency links must be as short as possible. In particular, the passive antenna 41 is at a distance of approximately a few centimeters from the housing 42. It should be noted here that this distance is very small and that the aim is to have the shortest possible wired connection in order to avoid as much as possible the losses of the wired connections inherent in high frequencies. In the case illustrated here, the losses are limited.

[0072] Indeed, cable losses (i.e. those that cause signal attenuation) increase significantly with frequency and become prohibitive beyond about 20 GHz. A cable connection is therefore acceptable over a few centimeters, but not over several meters. Thus, the use of amplifiers to compensate for signal losses is avoided and the overall budget in terms of energy consumption and noise factor is therefore better than with systems where electronics and intelligence are far behind radiofrequency cables.

[0073] Thus, as indicated, the module 4 comprises a transmission / reception sub-module 411 connected to a processing and communication sub-module 412, the transmission / reception sub-module 411 comprising two radiofrequency outputs RF1, RF2 from which two radiofrequency cables 43 extend to connect the module 4 to a radiating element 41 or directly to the device under test 2.

[0074] Figure 5 illustrates a transmission-reception system 1' according to a third embodiment comprising several modules 4, here three modules 4 identical to that already described. A device under test 2' is here positioned on a support 5. Such a support 5 is movable around an axis of rotation so as to be able to position the device under test 2 in different ways depending on the desired measurements. It is specified that a matrix of modules distributed in a plane can be used. In this case, the transmission-reception system is used to form beams and not to test a device under test. Several modules with radiating antennas can be arranged on the same 2D plane to constitute an array (of rectangular shape, or generally round) and in this case it is possible to form a particular beam pointing one or more directions in space to transmit or receive the signals (Tx / Rx).

[0075] The 4 modules are small in size and can be positioned anywhere in space and especially around the device under test.

[0076] The modules 4 are connected to each other in series by a high-speed link 6, preferably an optical link. In particular, each module 4 is connected in series to its neighbor by the optical link 6 (in English "Daisy Chain") and the link can be in both directions, that is to say that a module can communicate with its neighbors in both directions.

[0077] The modules 4 are powered by means of a power cable connected to a power supply (not shown). The power cable connects each module two by two in the same way as the optical link 6.

[0078] Thus, the measuring system 1' essentially comprises an optical link 6 and an electrical power supply cable.

[0079] The link between two modules 4 is configured to carry digital data for this two-to-two communication. In addition, the wiring of the modules 4 is simple and allows a significant data flow on the optical link.

[0080] In order to operate all the modules, the system 1' again comprises a control unit 10 configured to control the modules 4 around or near the device under test 2' and to synchronize them with each other. In particular, the control unit 10 communicates with all the other modules 4 via the first module of the series of modules 4 by being connected to this module by a dedicated link 3a, 3b (Ethernet or optical depending on the type of signals). Here again, the radiofrequency links are almost non-existent. The control unit 10 is consistent with that described in relation to FIG. 1.

[0081] Thanks to the link 3a, 3b between the control unit 10 and the first module of the series of modules 4, the control unit 10 makes it possible to synchronize all the other modules and is capable of identifying what each module 4 is doing at each moment. This is important since the measurements and the desired environment for the test require real-time control. Thus, great flexibility of use is obtained since each module can be configured and reconfigured remotely via the control unit 10. In particular, it is possible to send identical data (for example in baseband) to all the modules 4 and to have specific processing for each module 4. These processings contribute to generating a particular electromagnetic environment (by adjusting the gain, the phase, filtering, time shifting, adding random noise, simulating the Doppler effect, etc.).Also, it is possible to generate different propagation scenarios, or "propagation channel modeling." The goal is to implement real-life usage scenarios in a controlled environment. For example, a scenario of using a phone in an office, or in a car, or on a train, etc.

[0082] The control unit 10 also makes it possible to identify a malfunction of one of the modules by self-diagnosis.

[0083] The processing and communication sub-module 412 supports the CRPI (Common Public Radio Interface) communication protocol which allows a module 4 to communicate with its neighbors.

[0084] Given that the modules are reconfigurable at will, each module 4 offers the possibility of on-board processing, including in particular the correction of errors linked to the antenna imperfection of the modules (orthomodes). On-board processing between pairs of modules 4 (or probe multiplets) to carry out measurements of transmission parameters is also possible.

[0085] As already mentioned, advantageously, it is noted that the only existing radio frequency links are those which connect the sub-module 411 to the antenna 41 consisting of transducer radiating elements. These links are very short and the associated losses are therefore very low, which no longer constitutes a barrier to use at the highest frequencies of the 5G spectrum. In addition, the low presence of radio frequency links solves the problem of crucial link losses at high frequencies (order of magnitude > 20 GHz).

[0086] Case of several modules positioned on an arch

[0087] Figure 6 illustrates a transmission-reception system 1” according to a fourth embodiment for measuring the electromagnetic radiation of a radiating device 2”.

[0088] The device under test 2” is advantageously positioned on a support 5.

[0089] The modules 4 are distributed on a support structure 7 which in Figure 6 is arch-shaped but other shapes are possible. A distribution according to a matrix or spherical structure is for example possible. The shape of the support 7 depends on the desired measurement context.

[0090] The advantage of arranging them on a hoop allows to reconstitute, by rotation of the axis of the support 5, the 3D map of the electromagnetic radiation of the device under test 2”. Typically, the distribution of the modules and therefore of the antennas on the hoop is regular to make 3D characterization (the device under test can be passive). Only in the case of particular communication scenarios are only certain modules activated, and in this case the device under test is necessarily an active communicating device (or autonomous Tx / Rx). These modules can be positioned on a sphere (for example fifteen modules distributed in a discrete way), and are in this case positioned in space (with synchronization and freedom of positioning without constraints related to link losses) as presented in figure 5.

[0091] The support 5 is mobile and allows successive vertical radiation cuts to be made so as to cover the entire sphere surrounding the device under test 2” and thus obtain complete 3D radiation.

[0092] According to this fourth embodiment, the 2” radiating device under test is an antenna that we wish to characterize in transmission and reception.

[0093] The device under test 2” is connected to the control unit via a radiofrequency wired link 8 while the series of modules 4 is connected to the controller 10 via an optical or Ethernet link depending on the signals used to characterize the antenna. Advantageously, this would be an optical link for testing 5G antennas in particular. In any case, as already discussed, the modules 4 are connected to each other via an optical link 6 (see also Figure 5 and the associated description).

[0094] Figure 7 illustrates a transmission reception system T” according to a fifth embodiment for measuring the electromagnetic radiation of a radiating device 2'.

[0095] Here again, such a device under test 2' is positioned on a support 5 and is here a communicating device such as a mobile phone. In this case, the system comprises a relay antenna A to simulate communication with a base station in the downlink direction and the modules 4 are used to capture the waves emitted by the device under test 2' in the uplink direction. The roles are reversed in the communication direction. The use of this relay antenna A is a possibility when testing a communicating object, because full duplex communication is also possible with the modules 4. The relay antenna A is connected to the controller 10 via a radiofrequency cable link 8.

[0096] In the case of using a support as illustrated in figures 6 and 7 the box 42 is housed in the support structure 7 around the device under test 2'. This is different from known multi-sensor solutions according to which each antenna is connected to a bay by radiofrequency links which are necessarily larger than in the solution described here, the bay not being able to be positioned as close as possible to the modules 4.

[0097] The invention is also advantageously used for MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) OTA (Over The Air) simulation which usually uses a centralized channel emulator. Here, thanks to the invention, such simulation is facilitated thanks to the architecture of the system of the invention: more flexibility and easy wiring, decentralized computing power, scalable architecture.

[0098] In Figure 8a the device under test 2' (a mobile phone) is placed in an anechoic chamber CA around antennas A connected to a bay 20 and a control unit 10. The antennas A and the bay 20 allow a MIMO environment to be simulated. This figure shows the complex wiring of each antenna A. Unlike, in Figure 8b, the device under test 2' is placed at the center of the modules 4 of the system according to the invention with simplified wiring, in particular by means of an optical link 6 to the control unit 10. These two examples show the advantage of the module according to the invention.

[0099] In the context of plane wave generation from the system according to the invention, it is possible to migrate all the processing of the baseband I&Q data to each probe.

[0100] According to the requirements of 5G, the system of the invention makes it possible to test radiating or communicating RF equipment over a wide range of frequencies (up to tens of gigahertz), with a wide bandwidth of several hundred MHz, and to simulate numerous test conditions such as multipath, Doppler effect, noise.

Claims

DEMANDS 1. Transceiver system (1, 1', 1") characterized in that it comprises: at least two transmit / receive modules (4), each module (4) being intended to be connected to an antenna probe or a device under test (2, 2', 2"), and comprising a transmit / receive submodule (411) connected to a processing and communication submodule (412), the transmit / receive submodule (411) comprising two radio frequency outputs (RF1, RF2) from which extend two radio frequency cables (43) to connect the module (4) to a radiating element (41) or directly to a device under test, the processing and communication submodule (412) being configured to generate communication signals from at least one communication protocol intended to be communicated to the transmit / receive submodule (411) for transmission over the radio frequency cables (43), the transmit / receive submodule (411),The processing and communication sub-module (412) is housed in a shielded casing (42) to be impervious to electromagnetic radiation, the modules (4) being, moreover, connected to each other in series by means of an optical link (6).

2. Transmit-receive system (1,1',1") according to the preceding claim, wherein each module (4) is associated with a bipolarized antenna (41) connected to the transmit-receive sub-module via radio frequency cables (43).

3. Transmit-receive system (1,1',1") according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the radio frequency cables (43) have a length of less than 10 cm.

4. Transmit-receive system (1, 1', 1") according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a control unit (10) configured to communicate the communication protocol to the module (4), the control unit (10) being connected to the module (4) via a dedicated link suitable for the signals, the link being an Ethernet link (3a) or an optical link (3b).

5. Transmit-receive system according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a control unit (10) connected to the first module of the series of modules via a dedicated link (3a, 3b) and configured to control the modules and to synchronize them with each other, the control unit (10) being able to control one or more chains of modules (4).

6. Transmit-receive system (1 according to claim 5, wherein the control unit (10) is configured to control the modules (4) and to synchronize them with each other so as to generate an electromagnetic environment.

7. Transmit-receive system (1, 1', 1") according to claim 6, wherein the modules (4) are arranged on a support (7) in the form of an arc, disc, or sphere, the support (7) being intended to be positioned around a device under test.

8. Transmit-receive system (1, 1', 1") according to any one of claims 6 to 7, wherein the control unit (10) is configured to configure each module (4) according to a defined measurement environment.

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