Centring sleeve

Abstract

Centering sleeve (1) for a pile shoe (3) to be arranged on a driven pile (2), wherein the centering sleeve (1) is designed to be elongated starting from an upper end (4) of the centering sleeve (1) along a longitudinal axis (L) to a lower end (5) of the centering sleeve (1), wherein the centering sleeve (1) has an outer casing surface (6), wherein a centering device (7) protruding from the casing surface (6) is arranged on the casing surface (6).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a centering sleeve for a pile shoe to be arranged on a driven pile according to the preamble of claim 1, a pile shoe on which such a centering sleeve is arranged or can be arranged, and a driven pile on which such a pile shoe and such a centering sleeve are arranged.

[0002] Driven piles are used in the construction industry to create pile foundations. The individual driven piles, which are usually made of ductile cast iron and have predetermined lengths of, for example, five meters, are inserted into one another to create a pile foundation. A pile shoe is usually attached to the lower end (pile base) of the first pile to be driven into the ground to facilitate driving into the ground. To facilitate the insertion of the driven piles and thus the extension of a pile foundation, the driven piles usually have a conically tapered first pile end and a second pile end shaped like a socket. This allows piles to be driven into the ground one by one, allowing pile foundations of any length to be created quickly and cost-effectively. Driven piles of this type are usually produced using a centrifugal casting process with a rotating mold.This essentially creates cylindrical tubular piles that are hollow inside.

[0003] Pile foundations are divided into grouted and ungrouted pile foundations.

[0004] For grouted pile foundations, a pile shoe is placed on the first driven pile. The outer diameter of the pile shoe is larger than the outer diameter of the driven pile. This creates an annular space around the driven pile during driving. During driving, a pumpable injection material (e.g., concrete mortar) is conveyed through the hollow core of the driven pile to the pile base and injected into the soil at the pile shoe. Thus, concrete grouting occurs simultaneously with the pile driving.

[0005] In the case of uncompressed pile foundations, which are particularly used for foundations in rock or very dense soils, a pile shoe is placed on the first driven pile, the outer diameter of which usually corresponds essentially to the outer diameter of the driven pile. A centering sleeve is usually arranged on the pile shoe. When the pile shoe is placed on the driven pile, this centering sleeve is located between the pile shoe and the driven pile and ensures, in particular, a good connection between the pile shoe and the driven pile. Known centering sleeves are designed to extend longitudinally from an upper end of the centering sleeve along a longitudinal axis to a lower end of the centering sleeve and have an outer shell surface against which an inner pile wall of the driven pile rests when the pile shoe is placed on the driven pile.

[0006] With conventional pile shoes with centering sleeves, placing the driven pile often presents difficulties. It may happen that the driven pile cannot be placed centrally and / or vertically on the pile shoe, which can cause problems during the driving process.

[0007] The object of the invention is to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages and to provide a centering sleeve that is improved compared to the prior art. Furthermore, a pile shoe on which such an improved centering sleeve is arranged or can be arranged, as well as a driven pile on which such a pile shoe and such a centering sleeve are arranged, are to be provided.

[0008] This object is achieved by a centering sleeve having the features of claim 1, a pile shoe having the features of claim 13, and a driven pile having the features of claim 15. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

[0009] The centering sleeve according to the invention provides for a centering device protruding from the casing surface to be arranged on the casing surface. The centering device protruding from the casing surface can facilitate the placement of the driven pile. In particular, this can facilitate a central and essentially vertical placement of the driven pile.

[0010] The longitudinal axis of the centering sleeve represents a central axis of the centering sleeve, which is preferably aligned with a central axis of the driven pile when the centering sleeve is in the mounting position on the pile shoe and driven pile.

[0011] Preferably, the shell surface can be rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis. The longitudinal axis of the centering sleeve forms the axis of rotation. If the shell surface is not rotationally symmetrical, the longitudinal axis of the centering sleeve can represent a central axis, which can be aligned with a central axis of the driven pile when mounted on the pile shoe and driven pile.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the jacket surface along the longitudinal axis has an outer diameter that is substantially constant with respect to the longitudinal axis.

[0013] However, it can also be provided that the shell surface is variable along the longitudinal axis and, for example, has a conicity with respect to the longitudinal axis. Thus, it can be provided that the outer diameter increases toward the lower end of the centering sleeve.

[0014] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the centering sleeve consists of at least one plastic.

[0015] The centering sleeve can be designed as an injection-molded part, which is manufactured using conventional plastic injection molding processes. Preferably, a deformable plastic can be selected as the material for the centering sleeve, so that when the driven pile is placed on the centering sleeve, the centering sleeve can deform in a connecting section of the centering sleeve, thus creating a firm and essentially tight connection (e.g., with respect to solids such as soil or sand) with the driven pile.

[0016] Preferably, the centering device can comprise at least one lamella extending circumferentially relative to the longitudinal axis. In other words, the lamella extends along the circumference of the lateral surface when viewed from above.

[0017] In this case, it can preferably be provided that the at least one circumferential lamella protrudes substantially radially from the casing surface with respect to the longitudinal axis, wherein the at least one circumferential lamella has a radial extension starting from the casing surface up to an outer end of the at least one circumferential lamella.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the at least one circumferential lamella consists of at least one plastic.

[0019] Preferably, an elastically deformable plastic can be selected as the material for the at least one circumferential lamella. In other words, the plastic used preferably has a certain elasticity, so that the lamella is flexibly elastic in order to conform to the inner wall of the driven pile when the driven pile is placed on the centering sleeve. The centering sleeve together with the at least one circumferential lamella can be designed as a one-piece injection-molded part. Since pipe pile foundations can be constructed under a wide variety of weather and temperature conditions, a plastic can preferably be used whose properties are essentially constant over a temperature range of approximately -20°C to approximately +40°C, particularly with regard to the flexibility of the lamellas.

[0020] In general, an elastomer can be used as the plastic for the centering sleeve and / or the at least one circumferential lamella, particularly preferably a thermoplastic polyester elastomer. For example, the plastic from DuPont called DuPont™< Hytrel®< 6356 can be used. This plastic has a nominal hardness of 63D ("Shore D Hardness, max" according to ISO 7619-1) and can be processed using many conventional thermoplastic processing techniques such as injection molding and extrusion.

[0021] Preferably, the at least one circumferential lamella is arranged in the region of the upper end of the centering sleeve. When the driven pile is placed on the centering sleeve, this is the end facing the driven pile. The at least one circumferential lamella facilitates a central and substantially vertical placement of the driven pile.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the at least one circumferential lamella comprises a plurality of lamella segments, wherein two adjacent lamella segments are arranged at a distance from one another, wherein the lamella segments are preferably arranged uniformly along a circumference of the casing surface.

[0023] In other words, the circumferential lamella consists of lamella segments arranged at a distance from one another along the circumference of the casing surface. Each lamella segment has a radial extension extending from the casing surface to an outer end of the respective lamella segment, with the radial extensions of all lamella segments preferably being substantially equal. By designing the circumferential lamella as spaced-apart lamella segments, the shaping of the outer ends of the lamella segments onto the inner wall of the driven pile can be facilitated when the driven pile is placed on the centering sleeve.

[0024] It can preferably be provided that at least one lamella segment, preferably all lamella segments, has or have a recess or notch, wherein the recess or notch is preferably arranged substantially centrally. The recess or notch can extend as far as the shell surface, whereby the lamella segment can be divided into several components. The recess or notch can, for example, be substantially U- or V-shaped. This in turn facilitates the formation of the outer ends of the lamella segments onto the inner wall of the driven pile when the driven pile is placed on the centering sleeve. In particular, this can prevent undesired wrinkling when forming it onto the inner wall of the pile.

[0025] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the centering device can comprise a plurality of circumferential lamellae along the longitudinal axis, preferably two to ten. This allows the driven pile to be centered and guided during and throughout the entire installation process when it is placed on the centering sleeve.

[0026] It can preferably be provided that the circumferential lamellae protrude substantially radially from the casing surface with respect to the longitudinal axis, wherein each of the circumferential lamellae has a radial extension starting from the casing surface up to an outer end of the respective circumferential lamella.

[0027] Preferably, it can be provided that the radial extensions of the circumferential slats are different.

[0028] This allows one centering sleeve to be used for several different inner pile diameters. Different inner pile diameters can arise, for example, due to manufacturing tolerances. However, driven piles with the same outer pile diameter can also have different wall thicknesses for different load-bearing capacities, which can also result in different inner pile diameters.

[0029] Each circumferential lamella can in turn comprise a plurality of spaced-apart lamella segments, wherein the lamella segments of a circumferential lamella are preferably arranged uniformly along a circumference of the casing surface. The lamella segments of a circumferential lamella can also in turn have recesses or notches, which are preferably arranged substantially centrally and are preferably substantially U- or V-shaped.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that at least one support structure for reinforcing the centering sleeve is arranged on an inner wall of the centering sleeve.

[0031] It can preferably be provided that the support structure extends from an upper end of the centering sleeve along a section of the elongated centering sleeve.

[0032] Preferably, the support structure may comprise support struts, wherein the support struts extend substantially radially to the inner wall of the centering sleeve with respect to the longitudinal axis. The support struts may, for example, have a substantially U-shaped cross-section.

[0033] According to a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the centering sleeve has a sleeve section along the longitudinal axis and an adjoining connecting section, wherein the sleeve section has the casing surface, wherein the connecting section comprises at least one connecting device for connecting the centering sleeve to the pile shoe.

[0034] Preferably, the at least one connecting device can be configured as a recess in the connecting section, wherein the at least one recess is preferably configured to correspond to at least one connecting device of the pile shoe. The at least one recess can preferably be configured in the form of a through-hole. For example, the recess can be configured as a substantially rectangular through-hole into which a correspondingly shaped connecting device of the pile shoe can engage when the centering sleeve is placed on a pile shoe in order to positively connect the centering sleeve to the pile shoe.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the connecting section has at least one substantially conical outer surface, wherein an outer diameter of the at least one outer surface becomes larger in the direction of the longitudinal axis.

[0036] This results in a ramp-shaped or frustoconical contact surface for a driven pile placed on the centering sleeve in the form of at least one substantially conical outer surface. As the driven pile is placed on the centering sleeve, it clamps or presses into the connecting section of the centering sleeve, resulting in a firm and substantially tight connection between the driven pile and the centering sleeve. A conical outer surface also allows for compensation for different wall thicknesses of the driven piles.

[0037] It can preferably be provided that the connecting section has a first outer surface and an adjoining second outer surface in the direction of the longitudinal axis, wherein the first outer surface and the second outer surface are substantially conical, wherein the conicity of the first outer surface is greater than the conicity of the second outer surface.

[0038] In other words, the first outer surface slopes more gently in the direction of the longitudinal axis than the second outer surface, or the second outer surface slopes more steeply than the first outer surface. The first outer surface can, in particular, facilitate the central setting of a driven pile. When a driven pile is set down, the driven pile initially hits the first outer surface and when it is set down further in the direction of the longitudinal axis, the steeper second outer surface means that this can adapt well to the inner wall of the driven pile. In particular, with a centering sleeve made of plastic, the driven pile shears off the outer surface when it is set down. This setting down and the associated shearing off is made easier by the steeper second outer surface.Overall, this can result in a firm and essentially tight connection between the driven pile and the centering sleeve, particularly in the area of ​​the second outer surface, so that no unwanted contamination (e.g. soil, sand) can penetrate into the interior of the driven pile, although it is possible that fluids such as water or gas can still penetrate into the interior of the driven pile (it is therefore possible that the connection is not hermetically sealed).

[0039] Preferably, it can be provided that the at least one connecting device is formed in the second outer surface.

[0040] According to a further embodiment, the connecting section can have at least one substantially conical inner surface, with an inner diameter of the at least one inner surface increasing in the direction of the longitudinal axis. This can facilitate the centric placement of the centering sleeve on a correspondingly designed pile shoe.

[0041] It can preferably be provided that the at least one inner surface comprises several, preferably two to eight, inner segments along a circumferential direction with respect to the longitudinal axis.

[0042] Preferably, it can be provided that the at least one inner surface comprises four inner segments along the circumferential direction, wherein two opposing first inner segments in the region of the lower end of the centering sleeve have a first radius of curvature with respect to the longitudinal axis, wherein two opposing second inner segments in the region of the lower end of the centering sleeve have a second radius of curvature with respect to the longitudinal axis, wherein the second radius of curvature is greater than the first radius of curvature.

[0043] By providing different radii of curvature, a preferred orientation of the centering sleeve in a direction of rotation about the longitudinal axis of the centering sleeve relative to the pile shoe can be determined when placing the centering sleeve on a correspondingly designed pile shoe. Preferably, a connecting device (e.g., a through hole with a shape corresponding to corresponding connecting devices of the pile shoe) can be formed in each of the second inner segments.

[0044] Protection is also sought for a pile shoe for a substantially tubular, in particular hollow-cylindrical, driven pile, wherein a centering sleeve of the type described above is arranged or can be arranged on the pile shoe.

[0045] The pile shoe may preferably be made of ductile cast iron and manufactured by a known casting process.

[0046] Preferably, the pile shoe can comprise a driving structure for facilitating driving the pile shoe into the subsoil in a driving direction. When the pile shoe is in the operating position on a driven pile, the driving direction essentially corresponds to the direction in which the driven pile, with the pile shoe attached to it, is driven into the subsoil.

[0047] In this case, it can preferably be provided that the ramming structure comprises a plurality of ramming ribs, preferably two to eight, particularly preferably four, and a pile shoe plate, wherein the ramming ribs protrude from the pile shoe plate in the driving direction. When a centering sleeve is placed on the pile shoe, the longitudinal axis of the centering sleeve preferably runs substantially in the driving direction.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the driving ribs can be arranged in a cross-shaped or star-shaped pattern on the pile shoe plate, with the driving ribs preferably being designed to converge in the driving direction. In other words, the driving ribs can have outer sides that extend obliquely with respect to the pile shoe plate, with imaginary extensions of the outer sides converging to a point.

[0049] Preferably, the outer sides of the ramming ribs may be provided at an angle of approximately 20° to 60° to the pile shoe plate. For example, "pointed" and "flat" pile shoes may be provided, with the outer sides of the ramming ribs of the pointed pile shoes forming an angle of approximately 20° to 40° (preferably approximately 30°) to the pile shoe plate, and the outer sides of the ramming ribs of the flat pile shoes forming an angle of approximately 30° to 60° (preferably approximately 45°) to the pile shoe plate.

[0050] According to a preferred embodiment, the pile shoe can be provided with a substantially flat support surface for positioning the pile shoe on a subsoil. The support surface can be formed by correspondingly flat ends of the ramming ribs.

[0051] In a particularly preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the pile shoe comprises a connecting device arranged on the ramming structure, wherein the connecting device extends from the ramming structure counter to the ramming direction, wherein the connecting device comprises a connecting section and a guide section adjoining thereto counter to the ramming direction.

[0052] Preferably, it can be provided that the connecting section comprises at least one connecting device for connecting the pile shoe to the centering sleeve.

[0053] It can preferably be provided that the at least one connecting device is designed as a, preferably substantially nose-shaped, projection, wherein the at least one projection is preferably designed to correspond to at least one connecting device of the centering sleeve.

[0054] If the at least one connecting device of the pile shoe is designed as a substantially nose-shaped projection and the at least one connecting device of the centering sleeve is designed as a through-hole, for example, a substantially rectangular one, the nose-shaped projection can engage in the through-hole when the centering sleeve is placed on the pile shoe. The centering sleeve can be snapped onto the pile shoe or locked into place on the pile shoe, resulting in a secure, positive connection between the centering sleeve and the pile shoe.

[0055] According to a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the connecting section has at least one substantially conical outer wall, wherein a diameter of the at least one outer wall becomes larger in the driving direction.

[0056] If a connecting section of the centering sleeve also has a correspondingly conical inner surface, a centric placement of the centering sleeve on the pile shoe can be facilitated by guiding the inner surface of the connecting section of the centering sleeve centrally along the outer wall of the connecting section of the pile shoe when placing the centering sleeve.

[0057] Preferably, it can be provided that the at least one outer wall comprises several, preferably two to eight, connection segments along a circumferential direction with respect to the driving direction.

[0058] According to a further embodiment, it can be provided that the at least one outer wall comprises four connection segments along the circumferential direction, wherein two opposing first connection segments have a first connection curvature radius with respect to the driving direction, wherein two opposing second connection segments have a second connection curvature radius with respect to the driving direction, wherein the second connection curvature radius is greater than the first connection curvature radius.

[0059] By providing different connection curvature radii, a preferred orientation of the centering sleeve in a rotational direction around the longitudinal axis of the centering sleeve relative to the pile shoe can be determined when placing a correspondingly designed centering sleeve onto the pile shoe. Preferably, a connecting device (e.g., a nose-shaped projection) with a shape corresponding to the corresponding connecting devices of the centering sleeve (e.g., a rectangular through hole) can be formed in each of the second connection segments.

[0060] Preferably, it can be provided that the guide section comprises a plurality, preferably four, substantially cross-shaped guide webs, wherein preferably outer ends of the guide webs rest against an inner wall of the centering sleeve when the centering sleeve is arranged on the pile shoe.

[0061] In other words, the centering sleeve can be guided and attached to the pile shoe. In principle, the guide section could also be designed as a solid cylinder, but to save weight, it makes sense to design the guide section as a plurality of guide webs whose imaginary outer casing is essentially cylindrical.

[0062] In this case, it can preferably be provided that the outer end of at least one guide web, preferably the outer ends of at least two opposite guide webs, has or have a widening, wherein the widening has a curvature, wherein preferably, when the centering sleeve is arranged on the pile shoe, the curvature is designed to correspond to the inner wall of the centering sleeve.

[0063] By manufacturing the pile shoe from preferably ductile cast iron by a casting process, it can be provided in particular that a ramming structure of the pile shoe and / or a connecting device of the pile shoe is / are formed integrally with the pile shoe.

[0064] Furthermore, protection is sought for a driven pile with a pile shoe arranged at a driven end of the driven pile according to the type described above, wherein a centering sleeve according to the type described above is arranged on the pile shoe.

[0065] Preferably, it can be provided that the driven pile is formed as a hollow cylinder at least in the region of the driving end, wherein the centering sleeve is arranged within the driven pile, wherein the centering device rests against an inner wall of the driven pile.

[0066] If the centering device of the centering sleeve has circumferential lamellae comprising spaced-apart lamella segments, the outer ends of the lamella segments can bend or mold to the inner wall of the pile when the driven pile is placed on the centering sleeve, whereby a clamping adhesion of the lamella segments to the inner wall of the pile results in an additional force-locking connection between the centering sleeve and the driven pile.

[0067] Further details and advantages of the present invention are explained with reference to the following description of the figures. Fig. 1a to 1h show an embodiment of a proposed centering sleeve in various views, Fig. 2a to 2h show a further embodiment of a proposed centering sleeve in various views, Fig. 3a to 3f show an embodiment of a proposed pile shoe in various views, Fig. 4a to 4h show a further embodiment of a proposed pile shoe in various views, Fig. 5a to 5f show a centering sleeve arranged on a pile shoe in various views and Fig. 6 shows a sectional view through a driven pile with a pile shoe with centering sleeve arranged thereon.

[0068] The Fig. 1a bis 1h show an embodiment of a proposed centering sleeve 1 in different views. Fig. 1a shows a first side view of the centering sleeve 1.

[0069] Fig. 1b shows a second side view of the centering sleeve 1 with a viewing direction that is orthogonal to the viewing direction of the first side view. Fig. 1c shows a top view of the centering sleeve 1. Fig. 1d shows a bottom view of the centering sleeve 1. Fig. 1e shows a sectional view along the Fig. 1a drawn section line AA. Fig. 1f shows a sectional view along the Fig. 1b drawn section line BB. Fig. 1g shows a perspective top view of the centering sleeve 1. Fig. 1h shows a perspective bottom view of the centering sleeve 1.

[0070] The centering sleeve 1 is elongated, extending from an upper end 4 of the centering sleeve 1 along a longitudinal axis L to a lower end 5 of the centering sleeve 1. The centering sleeve 1 has an outer casing surface 6, on which a centering device 7 protruding from the casing surface 6 is arranged to facilitate the placement of a driven pile 2 (not shown here).

[0071] The jacket surface 6 of the centering sleeve 1 shown here is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis L and has an outer diameter 8 along the longitudinal axis L which is essentially constant with respect to the longitudinal axis L.

[0072] The centering device 7 of the centering sleeve 1 shown here comprises a lamella 9 which runs around the longitudinal axis L. In other words, the lamella 9 runs in a plan view of the centering sleeve 1 (see Fig. 1c ) along a circumference of the lateral surface 6. The circumferential lamella 9 protrudes radially from the lateral surface 6 with respect to the longitudinal axis L and has a radial extension 10 starting from the lateral surface 6 to an outer end of the circumferential lamella 9.

[0073] The circumferential lamella 9 of the centering sleeve 1 shown here is arranged in the region of the upper end 4 of the centering sleeve 1 and comprises several lamella segments 11. Two adjacent lamella segments 11 are arranged at a distance from one another. The lamella segments 11 are arranged uniformly along the circumference of the casing surface 6, i.e., the distances between the lamella segments 11 are essentially equal.

[0074] Each lamella segment 11 has a centrally arranged recess 12 which is essentially U- or V-shaped and extends to the casing surface 6, whereby the lamella segment 11 is divided into two components.

[0075] The centering sleeve 1 together with the circumferential slat 9 and its slat segments 11 is made entirely of plastic and was manufactured using a plastic injection molding process.

[0076] The centering sleeve 1 of this example has a sleeve section 17 and an adjoining connecting section 18 along the longitudinal axis L, wherein the sleeve section 17 has the jacket surface 6 from which the centering device 7 protrudes.

[0077] The connecting section 18 of the centering sleeve 1 shown here comprises two connecting devices 19 for connecting the centering sleeve 1 with a pile shoe 3 (see the Fig. 5a bis 5f ). The two connecting devices 19 are designed as recesses in the connecting section 18. The shape of the recesses corresponds to connecting devices 20 of the pile shoe 3, so that a reliable connection with the pile shoe 3 can be established (see, for example, Fig. 5a and 5c ).

[0078] The connecting section 18 has a first outer surface 21 and an adjoining second outer surface 22 in the direction of the longitudinal axis L.

[0079] The first outer surface 21 and the second outer surface 22 are each substantially conical, with respective outer diameters of the first outer surface 21 and the second outer surface 22 becoming larger in the direction of the longitudinal axis L. In the example shown, the conicity of the first outer surface 21 is greater than the conicity of the second outer surface 22, ie the first outer surface 21 drops off more gently in the direction of the longitudinal axis L compared to the second outer surface 22 and the second outer surface 22 drops off more steeply compared to the first outer surface 21.

[0080] The connecting devices 19 are formed here in the second outer surface 22.

[0081] As particularly in the Fig. 1c and 1gAs can be seen, a support structure 15 for reinforcing the centering sleeve 1 is arranged on an inner wall 14 of the centering sleeve 1 of this example. The support structure 15 extends from an upper end 4 of the centering sleeve 1 along a section of the elongated centering sleeve 1 (see also the sectional views in Fig. 1e und 1f ) and comprises three support struts 16, which, with respect to the longitudinal axis L, extend substantially radially to the inner wall 14 of the centering sleeve 1. In the example shown, adjacent support struts 16 are arranged at an angle of approximately 120° to one another, starting from a center point of the support structure 15 (through which the longitudinal axis L of the centering sleeve 1 extends). The support struts 16 have a substantially U-shaped cross-section and are open downwards (i.e., in the direction of the longitudinal axis L).

[0082] As particularly in the Fig. 1d and 1hAs can be seen, the connecting section 18 of the centering sleeve 1 of this example has a substantially conical inner surface 23, wherein an inner diameter of the inner surface 23 becomes larger in the direction of the longitudinal axis L.

[0083] Along a circumferential direction with respect to the longitudinal axis L, the inner surface 23 comprises a plurality of inner segments 24, 25. Specifically, the inner surface 23 shown here comprises four inner segments 24, 25 along the circumferential direction, wherein two opposing first inner segments 24 have a first radius of curvature 26 in the region of the lower end 5 of the centering sleeve 1 with respect to the longitudinal axis L, and two opposing second inner segments 25 have a second radius of curvature 27 in the region of the lower end 5 of the centering sleeve 1 with respect to the longitudinal axis L. In this example, the second radius of curvature 27 is greater than the first radius of curvature 26.

[0084] The Fig. 2a bis 2h show a further embodiment of a proposed centering sleeve 1 in different views. Fig. 2a shows a first side view of the centering sleeve 1. Fig. 2b shows a second side view of the centering sleeve 1 with a viewing direction that is orthogonal to the viewing direction of the first side view. Fig. 2c shows a top view of the centering sleeve 1. Fig. 2d shows a bottom view of the centering sleeve 1. Fig. 2e shows a sectional view along the Fig. 2a drawn section line CC. Fig. 2f shows a sectional view along the Fig. 2b drawn section line DD. Fig. 2g shows a perspective top view of the centering sleeve 1. Fig. 2h shows a perspective bottom view of the centering sleeve 1.

[0085] The centering sleeve 1 shown here corresponds to the centering sleeve 1 of the Fig. 1a bis 1h with the difference that the centering device 7 comprises not just one, but several circumferential slats 9. For improved clarity, Fig. 2a bis 2h sometimes not all features, but only the differences to the Fig. 1a bis 1h marked with reference symbols and reference symbol lines.

[0086] The centering device 7 of the centering sleeve 1 shown here comprises four circumferential lamellae 9 along the longitudinal axis L. The circumferential lamellae 9 protrude substantially radially from the casing surface 6 with respect to the longitudinal axis L, wherein each of the circumferential lamellae 9 has a radial extension 10 starting from the casing surface 6 to an outer end of the respective circumferential lamellae 9. The radial extensions 10 of the circumferential lamellae 9 shown here are different, whereby the centering sleeve 1 can be used for several different pile tube inner diameters.

[0087] In this example, each circumferential lamella 9 comprises a plurality of spaced-apart lamella segments 11, which are arranged uniformly along a circumference of the casing surface 6 (see, for example, the Fig. 2c and 2g ). The lamella segments 11 of the circumferential lamellae 9 each have a recess 12 or notch 13 which is arranged essentially centrally and is essentially U- or V-shaped. The lamella segments 11 of the uppermost circumferential lamella 9 (in the region of the upper end 4 of the centering sleeve 1) each have a centrally arranged recess 12 which is essentially U- or V-shaped and extends as far as the casing surface 6, whereby the respective lamella segment 11 is divided into two components. The lamella segments 11 of the three other circumferential lamellae 9 each have a centrally arranged notch 13 which is essentially U- or V-shaped.

[0088] The Fig. 3a bis 3f show an embodiment of a proposed pile shoe 3 in different views.

[0089] Fig. 3a shows a first side view of the pile shoe 3. Fig. 3b shows a second side view of the pile shoe 3 with a viewing direction that is orthogonal to the viewing direction of the first side view. Fig. 3c shows a bottom view of the pile shoe 3. Fig. 3d shows a top view of the pile shoe 3. Fig. 3e shows a perspective bottom view of the pile shoe 3. Fig. 3f shows a perspective top view of the pile shoe 3.

[0090] For example, a centering sleeve 1 can be attached to the pile shoe 3 in accordance with the Fig. 1a bis 1h or 2a bis 2h can be arranged and a driven pile 2 can then be placed on pile shoe 3 with centering sleeve 1 arranged thereon.

[0091] The pile shoe 3 shown here comprises a driving structure 28 for facilitating driving of the pile shoe 3 in a driving direction R into a subsoil not shown in detail. In this example, the driving structure 28 comprises four driving ribs 29 and a pile shoe plate 30, from which the driving ribs 29 protrude in the driving direction R. The driving ribs 29 are arranged in a cross shape on the pile shoe plate 30 and are designed to converge towards one another in the driving direction R. Outer sides 31 of the driving ribs 29 have an angle W of approximately 45° to the pile shoe plate 30.

[0092] To facilitate the erection of the pile shoe 3 on a subsoil, the pile shoe 3 has a substantially flat support surface 32, which is formed by correspondingly flat ends of the ramming ribs 29.

[0093] To facilitate the connection of the pile shoe 3 to a centering sleeve 1, the pile shoe 3 comprises a connecting device 33 arranged on the ramming structure 28, which extends from the ramming structure 28 counter to the driving direction R. The connecting device 33 comprises a connecting section 34 and an adjoining guide section 35 counter to the driving direction R.

[0094] The connecting section 34 of the pile shoe 3 shown here comprises two connecting devices 20 for connecting the pile shoe 3 with a centering sleeve 1 (see the Fig. 5a bis 5f ). The two connecting devices 20 are designed as substantially nose-shaped projections. The shape of the nose-shaped projections corresponds to connecting devices 19 of the centering sleeve 1, so that a reliable connection with the centering sleeve 1 can be established (see, for example, Fig. 5a and 5c ).

[0095] The connecting section 34 of the pile shoe 3 of this example has a substantially conical outer wall 36, wherein a diameter of the at least one outer wall 36 becomes larger in the driving direction R.

[0096] Along a circumferential direction with respect to the driving direction R, the outer wall 36 comprises a plurality of connecting segments 37, 38. Specifically, the outer wall 36 shown here comprises four connecting segments 37, 38, wherein two opposing first connecting segments 37 have a first connecting curvature radius 39 with respect to the driving direction R, and two opposing second connecting segments 38 have a second connecting curvature radius 40 with respect to the driving direction R. In this example, the second connecting curvature radius 40 is larger than the first connecting curvature radius 39.

[0097] For an optimal connection of pile shoe 3 with centering sleeve 1, the conicity and first connection radius of curvature 39 of the first connection segments 37 of the pile shoe 3 correspond to the conicity and first radius of curvature 26 of the first inner segments 24 of the centering sleeve 1, and the conicity and second connection radius of curvature 40 of the second connection segments 38 of the pile shoe 3 correspond to the conicity and second radius of curvature 27 of the second inner segments 25 of the centering sleeve 1 (see, for example, the Fig. 5c and 5d ).

[0098] The guide section 35 of the pile shoe 3 of this example comprises four guide webs 41 arranged essentially in a cross shape. When the centering sleeve 1 is arranged on the pile shoe 3, outer ends 42 of the guide webs 41 rest against an inner wall 14 of the centering sleeve 1 (see e.g. the Fig. 5b bis 5d ).

[0099] The outer ends 42 of two opposite guide webs 41 of the four guide webs 41 have a widening 43. These widenings 43 have a curvature 44, which is designed to correspond to the inner wall 14 of the centering sleeve 1 for optimal adaptation.

[0100] The Fig. 4a bis 4h show another embodiment of a proposed pile shoe 3 in different views. Fig. 4a shows a first side view of the pile shoe 3. Fig. 4b shows a second side view of the pile shoe 3 with a viewing direction that is orthogonal to the viewing direction of the first side view. Fig. 4c shows a bottom view of the pile shoe 3. Fig. 4d shows a top view of the pile shoe 3. Fig. 4e shows a sectional view along the Fig. 4a drawn section line EE. Fig. 4f shows a sectional view along the Fig. 4b drawn section line FF. Fig. 4g shows a perspective bottom view of the pile shoe 3. Fig. 4h shows a perspective top view of the pile shoe 3.

[0101] The pile shoe 3 shown here corresponds to the pile shoe 3 of the Fig. 3a bis 3f with the difference that the ramming ribs 29 of the ramming structure 28 of the pile shoe 3 extend further in the driving direction R and their outer sides 31 have a larger angle W of approximately 60° to the pile shoe plate 30.

[0102] The Fig. 5a bis 5f show a pile shoe 3 according to the Fig. 4a bis 4h with a centering sleeve 1 arranged thereon according to the Fig. 1a bis 1h in different views.

[0103] Fig. 5a shows a side view of the pile shoe 3 with centering sleeve 1. Fig. 5b shows a top view of the pile shoe 3 with centering sleeve 1. Fig. 5c shows a first sectional view along the Fig. 5a drawn section line GG. Fig. 5d shows a second sectional view with a viewing direction that is orthogonal to the viewing direction of the first side view. Fig. 5e shows a perspective bottom view of the pile shoe 3 with centering sleeve 1. Fig. 5f shows a perspective top view of the pile shoe 3 with centering sleeve 1.

[0104] The shape of the connecting devices 20 of the pile shoe 3 in the form of nose-shaped projections corresponds to the connecting devices 19 of the centering sleeve 1, so that a reliable connection of the pile shoe 3 with the centering sleeve 1 can be established (see for example Fig. 5a and 5c ).

[0105] In addition, for an optimal connection of pile shoe 3 with centering sleeve 1, the conicity and first connection radius of curvature 39 of the first connection segments 37 of the pile shoe 3 correspond to the conicity and first radius of curvature 26 of the first inner segments 24 of the centering sleeve 1, and the conicity and second connection radius of curvature 40 of the second connection segments 38 of the pile shoe 3 correspond to the conicity and second radius of curvature 27 of the second inner segments 25 of the centering sleeve 1 (see, for example, the Fig. 5c and 5d ).

[0106] For a stable fit of the centering sleeve 1 on the pile shoe 3, the outer ends 42 of two opposite guide webs 41 of the guide section 35 of the pile shoe 3 have a widening 43. These widenings 43 have a curvature 44, which is designed to correspond to the inner wall 14 of the centering sleeve 1 (see, for example, Fig. 5b ).

[0107] Fig. 6 shows a sectional view through a driven pile 2 with pile shoe 3 arranged thereon with centering sleeve 1 according to the Fig. 5a bis 5f .

[0108] The driven pile 2 was placed onto the centering sleeve 1 with a driving end 45 of the driven pile 2 facing forward. This placement was facilitated by the centering device 7 of the centering sleeve 1, which is made of flexible plastic. The outer ends of the lamella segments 11 of the circumferential lamella 9 of the centering device 7 were bent over when the driven pile 2 was placed and were thus able to mold to the inner pile wall 46 of the driven pile 2, whereby a clamping adhesion of the lamella segments 11 to the inner pile wall 46 results in a force-fitting connection between the centering sleeve 1 and the driven pile 2.

[0109] The connecting section 18 of the centering sleeve 1 has a first outer surface 21 and an adjoining second outer surface 22 in the direction of the longitudinal axis L, wherein the first outer surface 21 and the second outer surface 22 are substantially conical, wherein the conicity of the first outer surface 21 is greater than the conicity of the second outer surface 22. In other words, the first outer surface 21 slopes more gently in the direction of the longitudinal axis L compared to the second outer surface 22, or the second outer surface 22 slopes more steeply compared to the first outer surface 21 (see Fig. 1a). The first outer surface 21 can, in particular, facilitate the central placement of the driven pile 2. When the driven pile 2 is placed, the driven pile 2 initially strikes the first outer surface 21 and, upon further placement in the direction of the longitudinal axis L, the steeper second outer surface 22 ensures that it can adapt well to the inner wall 46 of the driven pile 2. In particular, with a centering sleeve 1 made of plastic, the driven pile 2 shears off the outer surfaces 21, 22 upon placement. This placement and the associated shearing off is facilitated by the steeper second outer surface 22. Overall, this can result in a firm and essentially tight connection between the driven pile 2 and the centering sleeve 1, particularly in the area of ​​the second outer surface 22, so that no unwanted contamination (e.g.soil, sand) can penetrate into the interior of the driven pile 2, although it is possible that fluids such as water or gas can still penetrate into the interior of the driven pile 2 (the connection may therefore not be hermetically sealed). List of reference symbols:

[0110] 1Centering sleeve 2Driven pile 3Pile shoe 4Upper end of the centering sleeve 5Lower end of the centering sleeve 6Shell surface 7Centering device 8Outer diameter of the shell surface 9Circumferential lamella 10Radial extension of the circumferential lamella 11Lamella segment 12Recess 13Notch 14Inner wall of the centering sleeve 15Support structure 16Support strut 17Sleeve section 18Connecting section 19Connecting device 20Connecting device 21First outer surface 22Second outer surface 23Inner surface 24First inner segment 25Second inner segment 26First radius of curvature 27Second radius of curvature 28Driven structure 29Driven rib 30Pile shoe plate 31Outer side of the driven rib 32Contact surface of the Pile shoe 33Connection device 34Connection section 35Guide section 36Outer wall 37First connection segment 38Second connection segment 39First connection curvature radius 40Second connection curvature radius 41Guide web 42Outer end of the guide web 43Widening of the outer end 44Curvature45Driven end of the driven pile 46Inner wall of the driven pile LLongitudinal axis RDirection of driving WAngle of the outside of the driving rib

Claims

1. Centering sleeve (1) for a pile shoe (3) to be arranged on a driven pile (2), wherein the centering sleeve (1) is designed to be elongated from an upper end (4) of the centering sleeve (1) along a longitudinal axis (L) to a lower end (5) of the centering sleeve (1), wherein the centering sleeve (1) has an outer jacket surface (6), characterized in that a centering device (7) protruding from the jacket surface (6) is arranged on the jacket surface (6).

2. Centering sleeve according to the preceding claim, wherein the centering device (7) comprises at least one lamella (9) which runs circumferentially with respect to the longitudinal axis (L).

3. Centering sleeve according to the preceding claim, wherein the at least one circumferential lamella (9) - protrudes substantially radially from the casing surface (6) with respect to the longitudinal axis (L), wherein the at least one circumferential lamella (9) has a radial extension (10) starting from the casing surface (6) up to an outer end of the at least one circumferential lamella (9), and / or - consists of at least one plastic, and / or - is arranged in the region of the upper end (4) of the centering sleeve (1), and / or comprises a plurality of lamella segments (11), wherein in each case two adjacent lamella segments (11) are arranged at a distance from one another, wherein preferably the lamella segments (11) are arranged uniformly along a circumference of the casing surface (6), preferably wherein at least one lamella segment (11), preferably all lamella segments (11), has orwherein the recess (12) or notch (13) is preferably arranged substantially centrally.

4. Centering sleeve according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the centering device (7) comprises a plurality, preferably two to ten, circumferential lamellae (9) along the longitudinal axis (L), preferably wherein the circumferential lamellae (9) protrude substantially radially from the casing surface (6) with respect to the longitudinal axis (L), wherein each of the circumferential lamellae (9) has a radial extension (10) starting from the casing surface (6) to an outer end of the respective circumferential lamellae (9).

5. Centering sleeve according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one support structure (15) for reinforcing the centering sleeve (1) is arranged on an inner wall (14) of the centering sleeve (1), preferably wherein the support structure (15) extends from an upper end (4) of the centering sleeve (1) along a section of the elongated centering sleeve (1), and / or wherein the support structure (15) comprises support struts (16), wherein the support struts (16) run substantially radially to the inner wall (14) of the centering sleeve (1) with respect to the longitudinal axis (L).

6. Centering sleeve according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the centering sleeve (1) has a sleeve section (17) along the longitudinal axis (L) and an adjoining connecting section (18), wherein the sleeve section (17) has the casing surface (6), wherein the connecting section (18) comprises at least one connecting device (19) for connecting the centering sleeve (1) to the pile shoe (3), preferably wherein the at least one connecting device (19) is designed as a recess in the connecting section (18), preferably wherein the at least one recess is designed to correspond to at least one connecting device (20) of the pile shoe (3).

7. Centering sleeve according to the preceding claim, wherein the connecting section (18) has at least one substantially conical outer surface (21, 22), wherein an outer diameter of the at least one outer surface (21, 22) becomes larger in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L), preferably wherein the connecting section (18) has a first outer surface (21) and an adjoining second outer surface (22) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L), wherein the first outer surface (21) and the second outer surface (22) are substantially conical, wherein the conicity of the first outer surface (21) is greater than the conicity of the second outer surface (22), preferably wherein the at least one connecting device (19) is formed in the second outer surface (22).

8. Centering sleeve according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the connecting portion (18) has at least one substantially conical inner surface (23), wherein an inner diameter of the at least one inner surface (23) becomes larger in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L).

9. Centering sleeve according to the preceding claim, wherein the at least one inner surface (23) comprises a plurality of, preferably two to eight, inner segments (24, 25) along a circumferential direction with respect to the longitudinal axis (L), preferably wherein the at least one inner surface (23) comprises four inner segments (24, 25) along the circumferential direction, wherein two opposing first inner segments (24) in the region of the lower end (5) of the centering sleeve (1) have a first radius of curvature (26) with respect to the longitudinal axis (L), wherein two opposing second inner segments (25) in the region of the lower end (5) of the centering sleeve (1) have a second radius of curvature (27) with respect to the longitudinal axis (L), wherein the second radius of curvature (27) is greater than the first radius of curvature (26).

10. Pile shoe (3) for a substantially tubular, in particular hollow-cylindrical, driven pile (2), wherein a centering sleeve (1) according to one of the preceding claims is arranged or can be arranged on the pile shoe (3).

11. Pile shoe according to the preceding claim, wherein the pile shoe (3) comprises a ramming structure (28) for facilitating ramming of the pile shoe (3) in a ramming direction (R) into a subsoil.

12. Pile shoe according to the preceding claim, wherein the ramming structure (28) comprises a plurality, preferably two to eight, particularly preferably four, ramming ribs (29) and a pile shoe plate (30), wherein the ramming ribs (29) protrude from the pile shoe plate (30) in the driving direction (R), preferably wherein, - the ramming ribs (29) are arranged in a cross-shaped or star-shaped manner on the pile shoe plate (30), wherein preferably the ramming ribs (29) are designed to converge towards one another in the driving direction (R), and / or - wherein outer sides (31) of the ramming ribs (29) have an angle (W) of approximately 20° to 60° to the pile shoe plate (30) 13. Pile shoe according to one of the three preceding claims, wherein the pile shoe (3) has a substantially flat contact surface (32) for setting up the pile shoe (3) on a subsoil, and / or wherein the pile shoe (3) comprises a connecting device (33) arranged on the ramming structure (28), wherein the connecting device (33) extends from the ramming structure (28) counter to the ramming direction (R), wherein the connecting device (33) counter to the ramming direction (R) comprises a connecting section (34) and an adjoining guide section (35).

14. Pile shoe according to the preceding claim, wherein the guide section (35) comprises a plurality, preferably four, substantially cross-shaped guide webs (41), wherein preferably outer ends (42) of the guide webs (41) rest against an inner wall (14) of the centering sleeve (1) when the centering sleeve (1) is arranged on the pile shoe (3).

15. Driven pile (2) with a pile shoe (3) according to one of the preceding claims arranged on a driving end (45) of the driven pile (2), wherein a centering sleeve (1) according to one of the preceding claims is arranged on the pile shoe (3), preferably wherein the driven pile (2) is designed as a hollow cylinder at least in the region of the driving end (45), wherein the centering sleeve (1) is arranged inside the driven pile (2), wherein the centering device (7) rests against an inner pile wall (46) of the driven pile (2).

Images