Cladding element

Abstract

A formwork element (1) comprising a) a sealing layer (2) and b) a first (3) and a second (3') formwork layer, each of the first (3) and the second (3') formwork layer comprising a mixture composition, in particular mortar, wherein the sealing layer (2) is present between the first (3) and the second (3') formwork layer, so that the first (3) and the second (3') formwork layer are separated from each other in a moisture-tight manner.

Description

Technical area

[0001] The invention relates to a formwork element comprising a sealing layer and a first and a second formwork layer, an arrangement comprising at least two formwork elements, a method for producing a formwork element and a method for producing and / or renovating a building structure. State of the art

[0002] Formwork elements are well known in the art. They are used for stabilizing and / or shaping in the manufacture and repair of building structures.

[0003] WO 96 / 32552 (Parkilo, Reino) describes a renovation method for building structures using formwork elements. A structured formwork element is placed at a distance from a building surface structure to be repaired. A hardenable substance, e.g., mortar, is then filled between the surface structure and the formwork element. After the substance has hardened, an intermediate layer is formed that protects the surface structure. The formwork elements can, for example, comprise an organic and an inorganic material held together by cement. Embedded insulation elements can also be provided inside the formwork elements. Side-by-side formwork elements, which have grooves at the joints, can be mechanically connected to one another via the insulation elements.

[0004] EP 4 000 835 (Keiwa Inc.) deals with a covering element for protecting a building structure, comprising a polymer-cement layer and a resin layer. The covering element is bonded to the building structure on the side of the polymer-cement layer. The resin layer can consist of, among other materials, epoxy resin and serves to provide watertightness and resistance to salts.

[0005] However, the formwork elements have proven unsatisfactory. Formwork elements with an epoxy coating as their outermost layer are difficult to finish, for example, if the surface is to be plastered. Since epoxy-based surfaces are not common in building structures, the processing of such formwork elements is also difficult due to a lack of expertise. Furthermore, an epoxy coating on an exterior facade is less aesthetically pleasing.

[0006] Formwork elements that contain embedded components, such as insulation elements, have the disadvantage that they are often not waterproof. This is a problem because moisture penetration into a formwork element can cause corrosion and damage to any reinforcing elements in the formwork element and / or the building structure.

[0007] There is therefore still a need for improved solutions. Description of the invention

[0008] The object of the invention is therefore to provide a solution which at least reduces the disadvantages present in the prior art. In particular, the object of the invention is to provide a formwork element which a) can at least minimize damage to a building structure, b) can be used for the production and / or renovation of a building structure, c) can protect a building structure from moisture, d) is lightweight yet stable and / or e) is easy to process. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a corresponding formwork element, an arrangement of at least two formwork elements and a method for producing and / or renovating a building structure.

[0009] These objects are achieved by the features of independent claim 1, the arrangement in claim 13 and the methods in claims 14 - 16.

[0010] The invention accordingly relates to a formwork element comprising a) a sealing layer and b) a first and a second formwork layer, each of the first and the second formwork layer comprising a mixture composition, in particular mortar, wherein the sealing layer is present between the first and the second formwork layer, so that the first and the second formwork layer are separated from each other in a moisture-tight manner.

[0011] The waterproofing layer separates the formwork layers from each other in a moisture-tight manner. This has the advantage that the waterproofing layer can prevent moisture from penetrating building structures, thus at least reducing and / or preventing corrosion processes. This is particularly advantageous for building structures that include reinforcement, especially steel reinforcement. Furthermore, the waterproofing layer helps ensure that the formwork element retains its moisture-tight properties despite any transport-related damage to the formwork layers.

[0012] A further advantage of the formwork element according to the invention lies in its appealing aesthetics. Since the first and second formwork layers comprise a single blend, they can be harmonized with the rest of the building structure, especially a concrete structure. Furthermore, the formwork layers can be easily processed, e.g., to achieve a desired surface texture or color.

[0013] In this case, a formwork element is understood to be an element that is mainly used in construction and serves as a shaping means and / or as a supporting structure for building structures, in particular building structures made of concrete.

[0014] A waterproofing layer is a waterproof layer that is part of a formwork element.

[0015] A formwork layer refers to a layer that is part of a formwork element. Since the formwork element comprises a first and a second formwork layer, it is therefore possible for more than two formwork layers to be present in one formwork element.

[0016] A mixture composition means a composition that contains at least one mineral binder.

[0017] In particular, the mixture composition is a curable material. The term "curable material" refers to a material that is typically flowable or liquefiable and, after mixing, for example, by adding mixing water, mixing components, or heating, can harden into a solid through a chemical reaction.

[0018] The term "mineral binder" refers in particular to a binder that reacts in the presence of water in a hydration reaction to form solid hydrates or hydrate phases. This can, for example, be a hydraulic binder (e.g., cement or hydraulic I <alk), ein latent hydraulisches Bindemittel (z.B. Schlacke), ein puzzolanisches Bindemittel (z.B. Flugasche) oder ein nicht hydraulisches Bindemittel (z.B. Gips oder Weisskalk) sein.

[0019] In particular, the mineral binder is a hydraulic binder, especially a cementitious binder. A "cementitious binder" is understood here to mean, in particular, a binder containing at least 5 wt.%, in particular at least 20 wt.%, preferably at least 35 wt.%, especially at least 65 wt.%, of cement clinker. The cement clinker is preferably Portland cement clinker.

[0020] In particular, the mineral binder includes cement, I <alk, Lehm und / oder Gips.

[0021] Specifically, the mineral binder is cement.

[0022] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the mixture composition comprises at least one additive, in particular a defoamer, a dye, an I <onservierungsmittel, ein Fliessmittel, einen Verzögerer, einen Beschleuniger, einen Luftporenbildner, ein Rheologiehilfsmittel, einen Schwindreduzierer und / oder einen Korrosionsinhibitor. Es sind auch Kombinationen dieser Zusatzmittel möglich.

[0023] In a particularly preferred embodiment a) the first formwork layer has a first inner formwork surface and a first outer formwork surface and the second formwork layer has a second inner formwork surface and a second outer formwork surface, b) the first inner formwork surface and the second inner formwork surface face each other and c) the first outer formwork surface and the second outer formwork surface face away from each other and are arranged plane-parallel to each other.

[0024] A plane-parallel arrangement of the first formwork layer, the waterproofing layer, and / or the second formwork layer has the advantage of making the formwork element easy to produce. Since most building structures have a flat facade, the formwork element can also be used in a variety of ways, including for a wide variety of building structures.

[0025] In a further preferred embodiment, the sealing layer, the first formwork layer and the second formwork layer are arranged plane-parallel to one another.

[0026] However, it is also conceivable that the first outer formwork surface, the sealing layer and / or the second outer formwork surface are not arranged plane-parallel to each other.

[0027] Preferably, the sealing layer has at least one, in particular two, curved sections in cross section.

[0028] A curved section is a section that has at least one curve along its course. An angled section is a section that has at least one angled bend along its course.

[0029] In particular, the curved sections have a cross-section in the shape of an annulus and / or a segment of an annulus. An annulus is the area between two concentric circles.

[0030] In particular, the curved sections are connected to straight sections.

[0031] In particular, the mixture composition comprises a mineral binder and aggregates.

[0032] The aggregates particularly preferably comprise ferrous slag, aggregates, gravel and / or sand.

[0033] In particular, the aggregates contain iron and steel slag

[0034] In a further preferred embodiment, the aggregates comprise electric furnace slag, aggregates, gravel and / or sand.

[0035] The aggregates particularly preferably contain electric furnace slag.

[0036] Ferrous slag refers to the non-metallic slag produced during the crude steel production process. Ferrous slag includes blast furnace slag, steel mill slag, and metallurgical slag.

[0037] Electric arc furnace slag refers to slag belonging to the steelworks slag that is produced during the smelting of steel scrap in the electric arc furnace.

[0038] The use of iron ore slag in the form of aggregates, e.g., instead of sand, has the advantage that alkali-aggregate reactions and sulfate expansion in building structures can be reduced and / or prevented. Alkali-aggregate reactions and sulfate expansion lead to expansion damage in concrete structures. In the alkali-aggregate reaction, the alkaline pore solution of an alkali-rich cement reacts with the aggregate, e.g., sand and / or gravel. The alkaline solution reacts more specifically with the silicates contained in the aggregate, e.g., quartz and / or feldspar, and leads to the formation of alkali-aggregate. <alzium-Silikat-Hydrat. Dieses Mineral lagert Wassermoleküle in seiner Struktur ein, dehnt sich aus und kann damit den Beton von innen sprengen. Beim Sulfattreiben reagieren sulfathaltige Lösungen aus der Umgebung mit Beton bzw. mit dem darin enthaltenen Zement. Es kommt zu einer Reaktion zwischen im Zement enthaltenen aluminiumhaltigen Phasen, z.B.I <alziumaluminat, und Sulfationen. Als Reaktionsprodukt entsteht Ettringit, welches im Vergleich zu den Ausgangsstoffen ein grösseres Volumen besitzt. Dadurch wird von innen ein Druck ausgeübt, welcher den Beton sprengen kann.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the sealing layer comprises a polymer material, in particular from the group of resins, especially from the group of synthetic resins, very particularly from the group of epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, vinyl ester resins, acrylic resins, polyurethane resins and / or silicone resins.

[0040] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the sealing layer comprises a polymer material, in particular from the group of resins, especially from the group of synthetic resins, very particularly specifically from the group of epoxy resins.

[0041] This is particularly advantageous because the resins are waterproof and can thus prevent the penetration of moisture and water. A particular advantage of epoxy resins is that they are one of the hardest and most durable materials. They can withstand high temperatures, mechanical stress, and various chemicals.

[0042] Most preferably, the sealing layer comprises reinforcing elements, in particular carbon, aramid, glass, steel, polyacrylonitrile and / or polypropylene fibers.

[0043] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the sealing layer comprises reinforcing elements made of carbon and / or aramid fibers.

[0044] In particular, the proportion of mineral binder is 10 - 80 wt.%, in particular 20 - 70 wt.%, especially 30 - 60 wt.%, based on the total weight of the mixture composition.

[0045] In particular, the proportion of aggregates is 10 - 80 wt.%, in particular 20 - 70 wt.%, especially 30 - 60 wt.%, based on the total weight of the mixture composition.

[0046] The proportion of iron and steel slag is particularly preferably 40 - 100%, in particular 50 - 90%, and especially 60 - 80%, based on the total weight of the aggregates.

[0047] In particular, the ratio between the total thickness of the first and second formwork layers and the total thickness of the waterproofing layer is 7.5 - 400, in particular 10 - 300, especially 15 - 200.

[0048] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first and second formwork layers have the same thickness.

[0049] In a further preferred embodiment, the first and second formwork layers have a different thickness from one another.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the formwork element has at least one cavity.

[0051] This has the advantage of reducing the weight of the formwork element, ensuring easier transport and / or lower resource consumption.

[0052] Particularly preferably, the cavity runs, in particular completely, from an upper end region of the formwork element in the direction of a lower end region of the formwork element through the formwork element.

[0053] The upper end area is opposite the lower end area. In an installed form of the formwork element, the lower end area is the area facing the ground, and the upper end area is the area facing away from the ground.

[0054] In particular, the cavities extend in a straight line from the upper to the lower end area along the longitudinal axis of the formwork element.

[0055] However, it is also conceivable that the cavity does not extend completely from the upper to the lower end area. Furthermore, it is possible for the cavity to extend, particularly completely, from a left side area toward a right side area along the transverse axis of the formwork element. Furthermore, it is possible for multiple cavities to be distributed throughout the formwork element.

[0056] In particular, the cavity is at least partially delimited by the sealing layer.

[0057] In a further preferred embodiment, the cavity is completely delimited by the sealing layer.

[0058] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first formwork layer is connected to the sealing layer via the first inner formwork surface in a material and / or form-fitting manner.

[0059] It is also conceivable that the first inner formwork surface is connected to the waterproofing layer in a material, form and / or force-fitting manner.

[0060] Most preferably, the first formwork layer is integrally connected to the sealing layer via the first inner formwork surface and the second formwork layer is integrally connected to the sealing layer via the second inner formwork surface.

[0061] This creates a moisture-tight separation between the first and second formwork layers. This has the advantage that any moisture accumulated in the first formwork layer cannot migrate into the second formwork layer and vice versa. This at least reduces corrosion damage to the formwork element and / or the building structure. Furthermore, the structural integrity ensures the formwork element's good stability.

[0062] In another preferred embodiment, the sealing layer has toothings so that the sealing layer and at least the first formwork layer are positively interlocked with one another.

[0063] This prevents the waterproofing layer and the first formwork layer from shifting against each other in the direction of the x-axis.

[0064] In particular, the gear teeth are undercuts.

[0065] This ensures that the waterproofing layer and the formwork layer cannot be displaced against each other in the direction of the x- and / or y-axis, thus ensuring improved stability of the formwork element.

[0066] The x- and y-axes are to be understood here as part of a spatial coordinate system. The x-axis represents movement along the transverse axis (width axis) of the formwork element, and the y-axis represents movement along the horizontal axis (depth axis) of the formwork element. The z-axis, not discussed further here, would correspondingly represent movement along the vertical axis (longitudinal axis).

[0067] In particular, the sealing layer has a total thickness of 0.1 - 2 mm, in particular 0.15 - 1.5 mm, particularly preferably 0.2 - 1 mm.

[0068] In particular, at least one, in particular two, edge sides of the formwork element have at least one groove.

[0069] This makes it possible to connect several formwork elements via a first and / or a second edge side.

[0070] However, it is also possible that the first and / or second edge side does not have a groove.

[0071] The edge sides refer to the sides of the formwork element that run along the depth axis of the formwork element. The first edge side is opposite the second edge side.

[0072] In a further preferred embodiment, at least one side, in particular an end face, of the formwork element has a surface structure, in particular a wood structure and / or a panel structure.

[0073] However, it is also possible for the edge sides to have a surface structure, in particular a wood structure and / or a panel structure.

[0074] The end face refers to the side of the formwork element that faces away from the building structure when installed. For example, if the formwork element is installed so that it forms the outermost element of a building structure, the end face is visible when viewed from the outside.

[0075] A second aspect of the invention relates to an arrangement of at least two formwork elements as described above, wherein the formwork elements are arranged on the edges and are positively connected to one another by means of a sealing material in the grooves on the edges.

[0076] The form-fitting connection allows the joints of the at least two formwork elements to be concealed as effectively as possible. This has an aesthetic advantage. Furthermore, this design is particularly advantageous for transport and installation within larger building structures. The formwork elements can be transported individually and connected to each other on site.

[0077] In a third aspect, the invention relates to a method for producing a formwork element according to the preceding description, comprising the steps: a) Producing the waterproofing layer and b) Pouring the first and second formwork layers, in particular mortar, on both sides of the waterproofing layer.

[0078] A fourth aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a formwork element according to the preceding description, comprising the steps: a) Producing the first and second formwork layers, b) Arranging the first and second formwork layers at a defined distance from one another so that the first inner formwork surface and the second inner formwork surface face each other and a defined gap is present between the first inner formwork surface and the second inner formwork surface, c) Optionally placing at least one mold insert between the first and second formwork layers so that a) there is a defined gap between the mold insert and the first inner formwork surface, b) between the mold insert and the second inner formwork surface and c) between opposing regions of the first inner formwork surfaces and the second inner formwork surface and d) Filling the gap with a polymer material, in particular with epoxy resin.

[0079] A fifth aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing and / or renovating a building structure, comprising the steps a) producing or providing a formwork element according to the preceding description, b) placing the formwork element at a defined distance from the building structure so that a recess is present between the formwork element and the building structure and c) pouring the recess with a mixture composition, in particular mortar.

[0080] Further advantageous embodiments and combinations of features of the invention emerge from the following detailed description and the entirety of the patent claims. Short description of the drawings

[0081] The drawings used to explain the embodiment show: Fig. 1A schematic perspective view of a formwork element according to the invention Fig. 2An exploded view of the Fig. 1shown formwork element Fig. 3A plan view of a cross-sectional area of the Fig. 1 shown formwork element Fig. 4A plan view of a cross-sectional area of a formwork element according to the invention with a partially curved sealing layer Fig. 5A plan view of a cross-sectional area of the in Fig. 4 shown formwork element with additional cavities. Fig. 6A plan view of a cross-sectional area of the Fig. 5 shown formwork element, but with a partially circularly curved sealing layer Fig. 7A schematic perspective view of a first formwork layer according to the invention Fig. 8A plan view of a cross-sectional area of the in Fig. 5 shown formwork element, but with toothings as well as an enlarged section of the toothings Fig. 9A plan view of a cross-sectional area of an arrangement of two formwork elements according to the invention Fig. 10A perspective view of the in Fig. 4shown sealing layer Fig. 11A plan view of a cross-sectional area of a first formwork layer and a second formwork layer according to Fig. 7 during a production process for producing a formwork element according to the invention Fig. 12A schematic perspective view of the Fig. 1 shown formwork element arranged at a defined distance from a building structure

[0082] In principle, identical parts in the figures are provided with identical reference symbols. Ways to implement the invention

[0083] Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a formwork element 1 according to the invention with a sealing layer 2, a first formwork layer 3, and a second formwork layer 3'. The sealing layer 2 is continuously present between the first formwork layer 3 and the second formwork layer 3' and separates them from each other.

[0084] Fig. 2shows an exploded view of the Fig. 1 shown formwork element 1. The first formwork layer 3 has a first inner formwork surface 4 and a first outer formwork surface 5 (not visible here). The second formwork layer 3' has a second inner formwork surface 4' (not visible here) and a second outer formwork surface 5'. The sealing layer 2 is arranged between the first formwork layer 3 and the second formwork layer 3'. The first formwork layer 3, the sealing layer 2, and the second formwork layer 3' are arranged plane-parallel to one another.

[0085] Fig. 3 shows a top view of a cross-sectional area of the Fig. 1 The sealing element 2 is arranged between the first formwork layer 3 and the second formwork layer 3'. The first formwork layer 3, the sealing layer 2, and the second formwork layer 3' are arranged plane-parallel to one another.

[0086] Fig. 4 shows a plan view of a cross-sectional area of a formwork element 1 according to the invention with a partially curved sealing layer 2. The sealing layer 2 is located between the first formwork layer 3 and the second formwork layer 3' and separates them from each other. The sealing layer 2 has alternating straight sections 6 and curved sections 7. In Fig. 4 two curved sections 7 are connected via a straight section 6.

[0087] Fig. 5 shows a top view of a cross-sectional area of the Fig. 4 shown formwork element 1 with additional cavities 8. The sealing layer borders on a first side partially on the cavities 8 and partially on the first formwork layer 3. On a second side, the sealing layer 2 borders completely on the second formwork layer 3'.

[0088] Fig. 6shows a top view of a cross-sectional area of the Fig. 5 shown formwork element 1, but with a partially circularly curved sealing layer 2. The cavities 8 are surrounded by the sealing layer 2 over their entire circumference.

[0089] Fig. 7 shows a schematic perspective view of a first formwork layer 3 according to the invention. The formwork layer 3 has two semicircular depressions 14 which extend from the upper end region 19 of the formwork element over the entire longitudinal axis of the formwork layer 3 to the lower end region 20 of the formwork element.

[0090] Fig. 8 shows a top view of a cross-sectional area of the Fig. 5The formwork element 1 shown, but with serrations 9 and an enlarged section of the serrations. The sealing layer has serrations 9 in the form of undercuts. The serrations 9 extend over part of the sealing layer 2 and border the second formwork layer 3'.

[0091] Fig. 9 shows a top view of a cross-sectional area of an arrangement of two formwork elements 1, 1' according to the invention. The formwork elements 1, 1' adjoin one another at their edges. The formwork elements 1, 1' each have a groove 17, 17' at an edge-side end region 18, 18'. From the outer edges of the groove 17, 17', the edge sides 16, 16' extend at an angle in the direction of the first outer formwork surfaces 5, 5" and the second outer formwork surfaces 5', 5‴. The formwork elements 1, 1' adjoin one another at the end regions 18, 18' provided with grooves 17, 17' in such a way that the boundary is almost invisible.

[0092] Fig. 10 shows a perspective view of the Fig. 4 shown sealing layer 2. The sealing layer 2 has alternating straight sections 6 and curved sections 7. In Fig. 10 Two curved sections 7 are connected by a straight section 6. The curved sections 7 have the shape of part of a circular ring.

[0093] Fig. 11 shows a plan view of a cross-sectional area of a first formwork layer 3 and a second formwork layer 3' according to Fig. 7during a production process for manufacturing a formwork element 1 according to the invention. The first formwork layer 3 and the second formwork layer 3' are arranged such that the first inner formwork surface 4 and the second inner formwork surface 4' lie opposite one another at a defined distance Z. The first formwork layer 3 and the second formwork layer 3' have recesses 14, 14'. Shape inserts 11 are present between the recesses 14 of the first formwork element 3 and the recesses 14' of the second formwork element 3'. The shape inserts 11 are each located at a distance Z from the recesses 14, 14'. The first formwork layer 3 and the second formwork layer 3' are also spaced apart from one another by a distance Z.

[0094] Fig. 12 shows a schematic perspective view of the Fig. 1 shown formwork element 1 arranged at a defined distance E from a building structure 12. Modifications of the embodiments

[0095] The Figures 1 - 12 show only possible and not exhaustive embodiments of the subject matter of the invention, whereby its features can be modified, combined with one another and / or omitted as required according to the respective requirements.

[0096] For example, the formwork element 1 can be Fig. 1 more than two formwork layers 3, 3' and / or more than one sealing layer 2. It is also possible that the first formwork layer 3, the second formwork layer 3' and / or the sealing layer 2 are not as in Fig. 2 shown are plane-parallel to each other.

[0097] Furthermore, it is possible that the Fig. 1 The formwork element 1 shown may have a different cross-sectional shape, e.g. an L-shaped or a ha cross-sectional shape.

[0098] The sealing layer 2 can also have a completely different cross-section than in Fig. 3, 4 or 6For example, the sealing layer 2 may have angled sections or a combination of angled, curved, or straight sections.

[0099] It is also conceivable that the Fig. 7 The recesses 14 shown do not run continuously. It is possible for the recesses 14 to run intermittently along the longitudinal axis of the formwork element. Furthermore, it is possible for the formwork layer 3 to comprise more than two recesses. However, it is also possible for the formwork layer 3 to have cavities 8 instead of recesses 14. The arrangement and number of recesses can be arbitrary.

[0100] It is also possible that the gears 9 are in Fig. 8 extend over the entire width of the cover layer 2. Furthermore, it is also possible for the teeth 9 to extend partially or completely over the height of the cover layer 2.

[0101] The arrangement in Fig. 9 may also comprise more than two formwork layers 1, 1'. Furthermore, it is possible for the grooves 17, 17' to be located not only on one edge side 18, 18' of a formwork element, but also on a second edge side.

[0102] Furthermore, it is possible that the Fig. 11 The distance Z shown is not constant. Therefore, the distance Z may have different values at different points along the cross-section shown.

Claims

1. Formwork element (1) comprising a) a sealing layer (2) and b) a first (3) and a second (3') formwork layer, each of the first (3) and the second (3') formwork layer comprising a mixture composition, in particular mortar, wherein the sealing layer (2) is present between the first (3) and the second (3') formwork layer, so that the first (3) and the second (3') formwork layer are separated from each other in a moisture-tight manner.

2. Formwork element (1) according to claim 1, wherein a) the first formwork layer (3) has a first inner formwork surface (4) and a first outer formwork surface (5) and the second formwork layer (3') has a second inner formwork surface (4') and a second outer formwork surface (5'), b) the first inner formwork surface (4) and the second inner formwork surface (5) face each other and c) the first outer formwork surface (5) and the second outer formwork surface (5') face away from each other and are arranged plane-parallel to each other.

3. Formwork element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sealing layer (2) has at least one, in particular two, curved sections (6) in cross section.

4. Formwork element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the mixture composition comprises a mineral binder and aggregates.

5. Formwork element (1) according to claim 4, wherein the aggregates contain ferrous slag.

6. Formwork element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sealing layer (2) comprises a polymer material, in particular from the group of resins, especially from the group of synthetic resins, very particularly specifically from the group of epoxy resins.

7. Formwork element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the formwork element (1) has at least one cavity (8).

8. Formwork element (1) according to claim 7, wherein the cavity (8), in particular completely, extends from an upper end region (19) of the formwork element (1) in the direction of a lower end region (20) of the formwork element (1) through the formwork element (1).

9. Formwork element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first formwork layer (3) is connected to the sealing layer (2) via the first inner formwork surface (4) in a material and / or form-fitting manner.

10. Formwork element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first formwork layer (3) is integrally connected to the sealing layer (2) via the first inner formwork surface (4) and the second formwork layer (3') is integrally connected to the sealing layer (2) via the second inner formwork surface (4').

11. Formwork element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sealing layer (2) has toothings (9) so that the sealing layer (2) and at least the first formwork layer (3) are positively interlocked with one another.

12. Formwork element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one, in particular two, edge sides (16, 16') of the formwork element (1) have a groove (17, 17').

13. Arrangement of at least two formwork elements (1, 1') as described in the preceding claims, wherein the formwork elements (1, 1') are arranged on one another at the edges and are positively connected to one another by means of a sealing material (15) in the grooves (17, 17') on the edge sides (16, 16').

14. A method for producing a formwork element (1) according to one of claims 1 - 12, comprising the steps: a) producing the sealing layer (2) and b) pouring the first (3) and the second (3') formwork layer, in particular mortar, on both sides of the sealing layer (2).

15. A method for producing a formwork element (1) according to one of claims 1-12, comprising the steps: a) producing the first (3) and the second (3') formwork layer, b) arranging the first (3) and the second (3') formwork layer at a defined distance from one another, so that the first inner formwork surface (4) and the second inner formwork surface (4') face each other and a defined gap (Z) is present between the first inner formwork surface (4) and the second inner formwork surface (4'), c) optionally placing at least one mold insert (11) between the first (3) and the second (3') formwork layer, so that a) between the mold insert (11) and the first inner formwork surface (4),b) a defined gap (Z) is present between the mold insert (11) and the second inner formwork surface (4') and c) between opposing regions of the first inner formwork surfaces (4) and the second inner formwork surface (4'), d) filling the gap (Z) with a polymer material, in particular with epoxy resin.

16. A method for producing and / or renovating a building structure (12), comprising the steps a) producing or providing a formwork element (1) according to one of claims 1 - 12, b) placing the formwork element (1) at a defined distance (E) from the building structure (12) so that a recess is present between the formwork element (1) and the building structure (12), c) pouring the recess with a mixture composition, in particular mortar.

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