Method for operating a protection system

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a protection system (100) having at least one protection device (10), in particular a network protection device, in order to allow adaptive changes to protection parameters (SP) during operation of the at least one protection device (10), which changes can preferably be made contactlessly with respect to the at least one protection device (10), the method comprising: 1) transmitting, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters (SP) to a transfer parameter set (TP) of the at least one protection device (10), 2) switching from a main parameter set (HP) to the transfer parameter set (TP), 3) transmitting the protection parameters (SP) to the main parameter set (HP) of the protection device (10), and 4) switching from the transfer parameter set (TP) to the main parameter set (HP).

Description

[0001] Title: Procedure for operating a protection system

[0002] Description

[0003] The invention relates to a method for operating a protection system, in particular for a power grid, having at least one protection device, in particular a network protection device, in order to enable adaptive changes to protection parameters during operation of the at least one protection device, which can preferably be carried out without contact with the at least one protection device. Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding protection device, in particular a network protection device, preferably for a power grid, in which adaptive changes to protection parameters are carried out according to a corresponding method. Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding computer program product, a corresponding control unit, and a corresponding protection system, in particular for a power grid, for carrying out a corresponding method.Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding monitoring method for monitoring the condition of a protective device operated according to a corresponding method. Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding control unit and a corresponding monitoring device for implementing a corresponding monitoring method.

[0004] Protective devices or network protection devices for power grids are generally well known. Network protection devices are used to protect power grids from the effects of faults (short circuits, ground faults) in individual power lines or network segments. The protective devices can measure the current and / or voltage in individual power lines and, in the event of a deviation from permissible protection parameters, disconnect the affected power lines. The rest of the supply network can thus be protected from the effects of the fault. Permissible protection parameters can change over time if different loads are connected to different power lines.

[0005] Adjusting protection parameters in conventional protection devices usually requires a technician to physically interact with the affected protection device. This involves increased workload.

[0006] The object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved method for operating a protection system, in particular for a power grid, with at least one protection device, in particular a network protection device. In particular, the object of the invention is to provide a method for operating a protection system, in particular for a power grid, with at least one protection device, in particular a network protection device, which method enables adaptive changes to protection parameters during operation of the at least one protection device, which can preferably be carried out contactlessly with the at least one protection device, which can be carried out with low computing and / or control effort, and which avoids labor expenditure and / or physical presence of service technicians at the at least one protection device as far as possible.Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide an improved protective device, in particular a network protection device, preferably for a power grid, in which adaptive changes to protection parameters are carried out according to a corresponding method. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide a corresponding computer program product, a corresponding control unit, and a corresponding system, in particular for a power grid, for carrying out a corresponding method. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide a corresponding monitoring method for monitoring the condition of a protective device operated according to a corresponding method. In addition, the object of the invention is to provide a corresponding control unit and a corresponding monitoring device for carrying out a corresponding monitoring method.

[0007] The object of the invention is achieved by: a method for operating a protection system, in particular for a power grid, with at least one protection device, in particular a network protection device, to enable adaptive changes to protection parameters during operation of the at least one protection device, which can preferably be carried out contactlessly with the at least one protection device, with the features of the independent method claim. Furthermore, the object of the invention is achieved by: a corresponding protection device, in particular a network protection device, preferably for a power grid, in which adaptive changes to protection parameters are carried out according to a corresponding method.Furthermore, the object of the invention is achieved by: a corresponding computer program product, a corresponding control unit, and a corresponding system, in particular for a power grid, for carrying out a corresponding method having the features of the additional independent claims. Furthermore, the object of the invention is achieved by: a corresponding monitoring method for monitoring the condition of a protective device having the features of the additional independent claim. Furthermore, the object of the invention is achieved by: a corresponding control unit and a corresponding monitoring device for carrying out a corresponding monitoring method having the features of the additional independent claims.

[0008] The invention provides: a method for operating a protection system, in particular for a power grid, with at least one protection device, in particular a network protection device, in order to enable adaptive changes of protection parameters during operation of the at least one protection device, which can preferably be carried out without contact with the protection device.

[0009] The at least one protection device can advantageously represent part of a distributed protection system. The protection system can comprise multiple protection devices, at least one (or more) substation automation systems, and a control system (in particular, a central control system). The control system and / or the substation automation system can manage the protection devices. Furthermore, the control system and / or the substation automation system can calculate adaptive protection parameters for the individual protection devices, manage these protection parameters, and transmit them to the corresponding protection devices (as needed, upon request, and / or in the event of changes, and / or periodically). The at least one protection device can serve as a device for protecting networks, assets, and people, which disconnects switchgear bays in substations when the operating values ​​​​deviate from predefined protection parameters.

[0010] Protection parameters define permissible values ​​for current and / or voltage, possibly depending on the time (day and / or night), for specific network lines, network segments and / or switchgear bays.

[0011] The at least one protective device can be designed with at least one communication interface for communication.

[0012] The protection device can contain three, or in particular only three, protection parameter sets, which can be stored, for example, in specially designed memory modules or memory domains. The protection parameter sets, including the default parameter set, main parameter set, and transfer parameter set, are discussed in detail below.

[0013] The procedure comprises the following steps / actions:

[0014] 1) Transmission of, in particular current and / or changed or simply printed new, protection parameters to a transfer parameter set of the at least one protection device, preferably via optical fiber, e.g. within a WAN network, via the Internet, and / or via a wireless communication connection, preferably using electromagnetic waves, e.g. radio, Bluetooth, WLAN, NFC or similar,

[0015] 2) Switching from a main parameter set to the transfer parameter set, e.g. by remote control of the at least one protection device, and in particular operating the at least one protection device with the protection parameters (meaning those transmitted in step 1)) according to the transfer parameter set,

[0016] 3) Transmitting the, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters to the main parameter set of the at least one protection device, preferably via optical fiber, e.g. within a WAN network, via the Internet, and / or via a wireless communication connection, preferably using electromagnetic waves, e.g. radio, Bluetooth, WLAN, NFC or similar, whereby the communication connection in step 3) can be the same or different from that in step 1),

[0017] 4) Switching from the transfer parameter set to the main parameter set, e.g. by remote control of the at least one protection device, and in particular operating the at least one protection device with the protection parameters (meaning those transmitted in step 3)) according to the main parameter set.

[0018] The steps of the method can preferably be carried out in the specified order and / or at least partially overlapping.

[0019] The values ​​for the protection parameters, in particular the current and / or changed ones, in step 1) and / or step 3) can be transmitted by the control system and / or the station control system(s) to the at least one protection device. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the protection parameters, in particular the current and / or changed ones, are first transmitted from the control system to a corresponding station control system, which then forwards the protection parameters in step 1) and / or step 3) to a corresponding protection device.

[0020] During normal operation of at least one protection device, the main parameter set can be the active parameter set as long as the protection parameters do not change and remain up to date.

[0021] The default parameter set represents a fallback level in the event of a fault (short circuit, earth fault) in individual network lines, network segments and / or switchgear bays.

[0022] The invention now addresses the case when the protection parameters change, which can also happen during normal operation of the at least one protection device, for example when different consumers are transferred to different lines.

[0023] The invention recognizes that if the main parameter set is active, it cannot be overwritten. For this purpose, the invention provides a transfer parameter set, into which the protection parameters, in particular current and / or modified ones, can be read and which can be activated for the time required to overwrite the main parameter set with the protection parameters, in particular current and / or modified ones.

[0024] Therefore, if new protection parameters are available on the (central) control system and / or on the station automation system, these are transmitted to the transfer parameter set in step 1).

[0025] After the transfer parameter set has received the new values, a parameter set switchover is carried out so that the protection device uses the transfer parameter set in step 2).

[0026] Since the main parameter set is now free, the new values ​​can be written there, which is done in step 3).

[0027] After the main parameter set has received the current values, it is reactivated in the protection device so that the protection device uses the updated main parameter set in step 4).

[0028] In this way, the protection device is returned to normal operation, in which the main parameter set is active and contains the current values ​​for the protection parameters.

[0029] The method requires only a few steps, can be implemented quickly, and ensures improved operation of a protection system. Furthermore, the method requires little computational and / or control effort and can preferably be implemented without significant labor, especially without requiring an on-site technician.

[0030] The required storage space in the protection device is minimal. Only three parameter sets (e.g., for each protection type, e.g., for current and / or voltage) need to be reserved in the protection device.

[0031] The control system and / or the substation control system(s) only need to know and retain the target and default values. Furthermore, the at least one control system operated using the method, which contains only three parameter sets, can be monitored easily, reliably, and safely. Faults in the power grid can thus be easily detected.

[0032] If everything is OK, then the main parameter set and the transfer parameter set and the main parameter set are active.

[0033] If the default parameter set is active, then a state and / or an event has triggered an error.

[0034] If the main parameter set is active and the transfer parameter set has different values, the process is located between steps 1) and 2). The protection parameters can be marked with a timestamp to easily check for errors. Steps 1), 2), and / or 3), for example, should not take so long that a certain (especially specifically adjustable) validity period or tolerance time for the protection parameters is exceeded.

[0035] If the transfer parameter set is active and the main parameter set has different values, the process is between steps 2 and 3. A certain (especially specifically adjustable) validity period can be determined for how long the new protection parameters are valid. The validity period can be calculated by the control system and / or checked and / or set by a service technician.

[0036] The validity period can also be set time-dependent, so that, for example, during the day, e.g. at peak times, a comparatively shorter validity period or tolerance time applies to the protection parameters, and at night, when, for example, there are fewer grid fluctuations, a comparatively longer validity period or tolerance time applies to the protection parameters.

[0037] If the transfer parameter set is active and the main parameter set has the same values, the procedure is located between steps 3 and 4. A certain (especially specifically adjustable) validity period can also be checked here to ensure that the new protection parameters are still valid. Furthermore, the procedure can be scheduled to be executed when protection parameters are changed. This allows for efficient execution of the procedure.

[0038] Furthermore, it can be provided that the method is carried out periodically. This allows for a computationally favorable implementation to ensure that at least one control system regularly receives current values ​​of protection parameters.

[0039] Advantageously, the procedure can be carried out (individually) for several protective devices of the protection system. Steps 1) to 4) can be performed for one protective device at a time.

[0040] Furthermore, it can be provided that in the event of a fault during the process, a switchover to a default parameter set takes place. This creates a fallback level for a faulty process (e.g., in the event of a faulty communication connection, long latency times, failed transmissions, etc.). The switchover can be performed, for example, by remotely controlling at least one protective device.

[0041] Furthermore, it can be provided that a default parameter set, the main parameter set, and / or the transfer parameter set are each assigned a specific index. This enables a simple check of the operation (so-called control monitoring) of at least one protective device. For this purpose, a user can query the applicable parameter sets and easily differentiate them using the indices to determine the status of the process and / or the state of at least one protective device.

[0042] Advantageously, the protection parameters, especially current and / or changed ones, can be marked with a timestamp, e.g., in step 1). This timestamp can be used to check whether the transmission in step 1 was too long, faulty, or otherwise disrupted. The timestamp can also be used to check how long the values ​​have been in the transfer parameter set, e.g., in steps 2 and / or 3, particularly when the transfer parameter set is active. This allows for easy and reliable conclusions to be drawn about the validity of the values ​​in the transfer parameter set. Furthermore, the timestamp can be used to easily check whether the values ​​in the transfer parameter set transmitted in step 1 and the values ​​in the main parameter set received in step 3 are relatively similar in age, allowing for a safe transition to step 4.In the event of faulty, long, and / or failed transmissions, outdated values ​​in the transfer parameter set, and / or significant time differences between the values ​​in the transfer parameter set transmitted in step 1 and the values ​​in the main parameter set transmitted in step 3, a switchover to a default parameter set can be performed as a precaution. This switchover can be performed, for example, by remotely controlling at least one protective device.

[0043] Furthermore, the protection parameters, especially current and / or changed ones, can be assigned a validity period. This ensures, simply and with minimal computational effort, that outdated values ​​are no longer used. Should the protection parameters, especially current and / or changed ones, exceed their validity period, a switch to a default parameter set can be made as a precaution. The switch can be made, for example, by remotely controlling at least one protection device.

[0044] Furthermore, it can be provided that after a validity period of, in particular, current and / or changed, protection parameters is exceeded, the operation of the at least one protection device is switched to a default parameter set. This can create a safe fallback level in the event of a fault (in the network, in the system, and / or during the execution of the procedure, e.g., due to delayed and / or disrupted communication).

[0045] To increase safety, it can be provided that after a validity period of, in particular, current and / or changed, protection parameters is exceeded, a status monitoring of the at least one protection device is initiated. The status monitoring can be used to check whether the procedure should be completed or whether a default parameter set should be switched to. The status monitoring of the at least one protection device can be performed, for example, by a user-side monitoring device. For this purpose, a security query can preferably be sent to the user-side monitoring device.

[0046] As already mentioned above, the protection parameters, in particular current and / or changed ones, can be transmitted in step 1) and / or step 3) by a control system which is in a communication connection with several protection devices and / or a corresponding station control system which is in a communication connection with the at least one protection device.

[0047] In order to increase reliability, in step 1) and / or step 3) a confirmation of successful receipt of protection parameters from the at least one protection device can be sent to a control system and / or to a corresponding station control system.

[0048] As already mentioned above, to carry out step 2), the operation of the at least one protection device can be switched from the main parameter set to the transfer parameter set. To carry out step 4), the operation of the at least one protection device can in turn be switched from the transfer parameter set to the main parameter set. The switchover can be performed, for example, by remotely controlling the at least one protection device, in particular by means of a control system that has a communication connection with multiple protection devices and / or a corresponding station control system that has a communication connection with the at least one protection device.

[0049] To increase reliability, in step 2) and / or step 4) a confirmation of a successful switchover can be sent from the at least one protection device to a control system and / or to a corresponding station control system.

[0050] A corresponding protective device, in particular a grid protection device, preferably for a power grid, in which adaptive changes to protection parameters are implemented according to a corresponding method, also represents an aspect of the invention. The protective device achieves the same advantages described above in connection with the method according to the invention. These advantages are incorporated herein by reference.

[0051] Advantageously, the protection device can have a first memory domain for a default parameter set, a second memory domain for the main parameter set, and a third memory domain for the transfer parameter set. In this way, three, in particular only three, protection parameter sets need to be reserved in the protection device.

[0052] To establish a communication connection, in particular to obtain protection parameters, the protection device can have at least one communication interface for communication with a control system and / or a corresponding station control system.

[0053] A corresponding computer program product, comprising instructions that, when executed by a computer (e.g., a control system and / or a station control system), cause the computer to perform the method, which can proceed as described above, also represents an aspect of the invention. The computer program product achieves the same advantages as those described above in connection with the method according to the invention. These advantages are incorporated herein by reference.

[0054] A corresponding control unit comprising a memory unit in which a code is stored and a computing unit, wherein, when the code is executed by the computing unit, the method is executed, which can proceed as described above, also represents an aspect of the invention. The control unit achieves the same advantages as those described above in connection with the method according to the invention. These advantages are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0055] A corresponding protection system, in particular for a power grid, comprising a corresponding control unit also represents an aspect of the invention. The protection system achieves the same advantages described above in connection with the method according to the invention. These advantages are incorporated herein by reference.

[0056] The protection system may advantageously comprise: at least one protection device in which adaptive changes of protection parameters can be carried out according to a method which can be carried out as described above, a control system which can be brought into a communication connection with a plurality of protection devices, at least one station control system which can be brought into a communication connection with the at least one protection device, and / or at least one user-side monitoring device which can be brought into a communication connection with the at least one protection device.

[0057] With the help of the control system and / or the at least one station control system, a method can be carried out which can proceed as described above.

[0058] The user-side monitoring device can be used to perform a monitoring procedure for monitoring the condition of a protection device, in which adaptive changes of protection parameters are carried out according to a corresponding procedure and which has three memory domains for each protection parameter set.

[0059] Furthermore, the invention provides: a monitoring method for monitoring the condition of a protective device, which is operated according to the method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising:

[0060] Determining a main parameter set,

[0061] Determining a transfer parameter set,

[0062] Comparing the main parameter set and the transfer parameter set, evaluating the operation of the protection device depending on the comparison.

[0063] This makes it easy to detect faults in the power grid. This allows faults in the power grid to be detected, preferably with the help of the protection device. Firstly, if the main parameter set and the transfer parameter set are identical and the main parameter set is active, normal operation of the protection device can be determined.

[0064] On the other hand, if a default parameter set is active, fault operation of the protective device can be determined.

[0065] Furthermore, if the main parameter set and the transfer parameter set are not the same and the main parameter set is active, it can be determined that the process, which can run as described above, is located between step 1) and step 2). Advantageously, the protection parameters, in particular current and / or changed ones, can be marked with a timestamp, e.g., in step 1).

[0066] Furthermore, if the main parameter set and the transfer parameter set are not identical and the transfer parameter set is active, it can be determined that the process, which can proceed as described above, is located between steps 2) and 3). Advantageously, the protection parameters, especially current and / or modified ones, can be checked for expiration of a validity period.

[0067] For safety reasons, after a validity period of, in particular, current and / or changed, protection parameters has been exceeded, the operation of at least one protection device can be switched to a default parameter set.

[0068] In addition, after a validity period of, in particular, current and / or changed, protection parameters has been exceeded, a status monitoring of the at least one protection device can be initiated, e.g., by sending a security query to a user-side monitoring device. The status monitoring of the at least one protection device can be used to check whether the process, which can proceed as described above, should be completed or whether a default parameter set should be switched to.

[0069] Furthermore, if the main parameter set and the transfer parameter set are the same and the transfer parameter set is active, it can be determined that the method, which can run as described above, is located between step 3) and step 4). A corresponding control unit for a corresponding user-side monitoring device, comprising: a memory unit in which a code is stored, and a computing unit, wherein upon execution of the code by the computing unit, the monitoring method is executed, which can run as described above, also represents an aspect of the invention. With the aid of the control unit, the same advantages can be achieved that were described above in connection with the monitoring method. These advantages are fully incorporated herein by reference.

[0070] A corresponding monitoring device comprising a corresponding control unit also represents an aspect of the invention. Using the monitoring device, the same advantages described above in connection with the monitoring method can be achieved. These advantages are incorporated herein by reference.

[0071] The invention and its further developments, as well as their advantages, are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. They show schematically:

[0072] Fig. 1 is an exemplary representation of step 1) of a method for operating a protection system,

[0073] Fig. 2 is an exemplary representation of step 2) of a method for operating a protection system,

[0074] Fig. 3 is an exemplary representation of step 3) of a method for operating a protection system,

[0075] Fig. 4 is an exemplary representation of step 4) of a method for operating a protection system, and

[0076] Fig. 5 shows an example representation of a protection system.

[0077] In the various figures, identical parts of the invention are always provided with the same reference numerals, which is why they are generally described only once. Figures 1 to 4 serve to explain a method within the meaning of the present disclosure. The method serves to operate a protection system 100, in particular for a power grid, with at least one protection device 10, in particular in the form of a grid protection device.

[0078] An exemplary protection system 100 is shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 5 only schematically depicts one protection device 10. However, the protection system 100 may comprise several such protection devices 10. The at least one protection device 10 may thus form part of a distributed protection system 100.

[0079] The at least one protective device 10 is designed as a protective device with multiple safety switches that can connect or disconnect different electrical lines to which various loads can be connected. The at least one protective device 10 can disconnect individual lines, network sections, and / or switchgear bays in substations if the operating values ​​lie outside predefined protection parameters SP.

[0080] Protection parameters SP define permissible values ​​for current and / or voltage, possibly depending on the time of day and / or night, for specific power lines, network segments, and / or switchgear bays. To improve the operation of the protection system 100, the use of current protection parameters SP is advantageous.

[0081] As illustrated in Fig. 5, the at least one protection device 10 may have at least one communication interface 11 for communication with the control system 30 and / or the station control system(s) 20.

[0082] The protection device 10 can advantageously contain three, in particular only three, protection parameter sets DP, HP, TP, which can be stored, for example, in specially provided memory modules. The three protection parameter sets DP, HP, TP comprise: a default parameter set DP, a main parameter set HP, and a transfer parameter set TP. The protection system 100 can also have at least one (or more) station control system(s) 20 and a control system 30 (e.g., a central control system). In Fig. 5, the reference numerals 20 and 30 are combined merely by way of example.

[0083] The control system 30 and / or the substation control system(s) 20 can manage the protection devices 10. Furthermore, the control system 30 and / or the substation control system(s) 20 can calculate adaptive protection parameters SP for the individual protection devices 10, manage these protection parameters SP, and transmit them to the corresponding protection devices 10 (as needed, upon request, and / or upon changes, and / or periodically).

[0084] The method can preferably be performed for each protection device 10 of the protection system 100. The method can be performed, for example, by the control system 30 and / or the station control system(s) 20. However, the method can also be performed partly by the control system 30 and partly by the station control system(s) 20.

[0085] The method is carried out to enable adaptive changes of protection parameters SP during operation of the at least one protection device 10, which can preferably be carried out without contact with the protection device 10.

[0086] The procedure comprises the following steps / actions:

[0087] 1) Transmission of, in particular current and / or changed or simply printed new, protection parameters SP to a transfer parameter set TP of the at least one protection device 10, preferably via optical fiber, e.g. within a WAN network, via the Internet and / or via a wireless communication connection K, preferably using electromagnetic waves, e.g. radio, Bluetooth, WLAN, NFC or similar,

[0088] 2) Switching from a main parameter set HP to the transfer parameter set TP, e.g., by remote control of the at least one protection device, and in particular operating the at least one protection device 10 with the protection parameters SP (transmitted in step 1) according to the transfer parameter set TP, 3) Transmitting the, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters SP to the main parameter set HP of the at least one protection device 10, preferably via fiber optic cable, e.g., within a WAN network, via the Internet and / or via a wireless communication connection K, preferably using electromagnetic waves, e.g., radio, Bluetooth, WLAN, NFC, or similar, wherein the communication connection K in step 3 may be the same or different from that in step 1,

[0089] 4) Switching from the transfer parameter set TP to the main parameter set HP, e.g. by remote control of the at least one protection device, and in particular operating the at least one protection device 10 with the protection parameters SP (meaning those transmitted in step 3) according to the main parameter set HP.

[0090] The values ​​for the, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters SP in step 1) and / or step 3) can be transmitted to the at least one protection device 10 by the control system 30 and / or a corresponding station control system 20.

[0091] In addition, it is conceivable that the, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters SP are first transmitted from the control system 30 to a corresponding station control system 20, which then forwards the protection parameters SP in step 1 and / or step 3 to a corresponding protection device 10.

[0092] In normal operation of at least one protection device 10, the main parameter set HP can be the active parameter set, in particular as long as the protection parameters SP do not change.

[0093] The default parameter set DP represents a fallback level in the event of a fault (short circuit, earth fault) in individual network lines, network segments and / or switchgear panels.

[0094] The invention now addresses the case when the protection parameters SP change, which can also occur during normal operation, e.g., when different consumers are transferred to different lines. The invention recognizes that if the main parameter set HP is active, it cannot be overwritten. For this purpose, the invention provides the transfer parameter set TP, into which the protection parameters SP, in particular the current and / or changed ones, can be transferred in step 1) and which can be switched in step 2) to overwrite the main parameter set HP with the protection parameters SP, in particular the current and / or changed ones, in step 3). Subsequently, in step 4), it is possible to switch back to the main parameter set HP.

[0095] Therefore, if new protection parameters SP are available on the control system 30 and / or on a corresponding station control system 20, they are transmitted to the transfer parameter set in step 1).

[0096] After the transfer parameter set TP has received the new values, a parameter set switchover is carried out so that the protection device 10 uses the transfer parameter set TP in step 2.

[0097] Since the main parameter set HP is now free, the new values ​​can be written there, which is done in step 3.

[0098] After the main parameter set HP has received the current values, it is reactivated in the protection device 10 so that the protection device 10 uses the updated main parameter set HP in step 4.

[0099] The method advantageously requires only a few steps. It can be carried out quickly and increases the stability of a protection system's operation. Furthermore, the method requires little computational and / or control effort and can preferably be carried out without significant labor, especially without requiring an on-site technician.

[0100] The required storage space in the protection device 10 is minimal. Only three parameter sets (e.g., for each protection type, e.g., for current and / or voltage) need to be reserved in the protection device 10. The control system 30 and / or the substation automation system(s) 20, in turn, only need to reserve the target and default values.

[0101] In addition, the at least one control system 10, which is supplied with current protection parameters SP using the method and which contains only three parameter sets, can be monitored easily, reliably and safely.

[0102] As Fig. 5 indicates, a monitoring method CM for monitoring the condition of a protective device 10 can be provided, comprising the following method steps / actions:

[0103] Determining a main parameter set HP,

[0104] Determining a transfer parameter set TP,

[0105] Comparing the main parameter set HP and the transfer parameter set TP, evaluating the operation of the protection device 10 depending on the comparison.

[0106] This allows faults in the power grid to be easily detected, preferably using protective device 10.

[0107] If everything is OK, then the main parameter set HP and the transfer parameter set TP and the main parameter set HP are active.

[0108] If the default parameter set DP is active, then a state and / or an event has triggered an error.

[0109] If the main parameter set HP is active and the transfer parameter set TP has different values, the process is located between steps 1) and 2). The protection parameters SP can be marked with a timestamp ts to easily check whether an error has occurred, allowing the system to switch to the default parameter set DP if necessary. Steps 1), 2) and / or 3) should not take so long that a certain (especially specifically adjustable) validity period or tolerance time for the protection parameters SP is exceeded.

[0110] If the transfer parameter set TP is active and the main parameter set HP has different values, the process is between steps 2) and 3). A certain (particularly specifically adjustable) validity period dt can be determined, which determines how long the new protection parameters SP are valid. The validity period dt can be calculated by the control system 30 and / or the station automation system(s) 20 and / or checked and / or set by a service technician.

[0111] The validity period dt can also be set time-dependent, so that, for example, during the day, e.g. at peak times, a comparatively shorter validity period or tolerance time applies for the protection parameters SP, and at night, when, for example, fewer network fluctuations occur, a comparatively longer validity period or tolerance time applies for the protection parameters SP.

[0112] If the transfer parameter set TP is active and the main parameter set HP has the same values, the procedure is between steps 3 and 4. A certain (especially specifically adjustable) validity period dt can also be checked here to ensure that the new protection parameters SP are still valid.

[0113] Furthermore, for reasons of efficiency, it may be provided that the procedure is carried out when protection parameters SP change.

[0114] Furthermore, for reasons of simplicity, it may be provided that the procedure is carried out periodically.

[0115] As Fig. 5 indicates, the default parameter set DP, the main parameter set HP and / or the transfer parameter set TP can each be provided with a specific index 0, 1, 2 in order to enable a simple check of the operation (monitoring procedure CM, so-called control monitoring) of the at least one protective device 10.

[0116] For safety reasons, it can be provided that in the event of a fault during the process, a switchover to a default parameter set DP is made in order to create a fallback level for a faulty process (e.g., in the event of a faulty communication connection K, long latency times, failed transmissions, or similar). The switchover can be carried out, for example, by remote control of the at least one protection device 10, in particular by the control system 30 and / or a corresponding station automation system 20. To increase safety, it can be provided that after a validity period dt of, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters SP is exceeded, a condition monitoring CM of the at least one protection device 10 is initiated. The condition monitoring CM can be used to check whether the process should be completed or whether a switchover to a default parameter set DP should be made.The condition monitoring CM of at least one protective device 10 can be performed, for example, by a user-side monitoring device 40. For this purpose, a security query can preferably be sent to the user-side monitoring device 40.

[0117] In order to increase the reliability when carrying out the method, in step 1) and / or step 3) a confirmation of a successful receipt of protection parameters SP can be sent from the at least one protection device 10 to a control system 30 and / or to a corresponding station control system 20.

[0118] In order to further increase the reliability when carrying out the method, in step 2) and / or step 4) a confirmation of a successful switchover can be sent from the at least one protection device 10 to a control system 30 and / or to a corresponding station control system 20.

[0119] A corresponding protection device 10, in particular a network protection device, preferably for a power grid, in which adaptive changes of protection parameters SP are carried out according to a corresponding method, which can proceed as described above, also represents an aspect of the invention.

[0120] Advantageously, the protection device 10 can have a first storage domain for a default parameter set DP, a second storage domain for the main parameter set HP, and a third storage domain for the transfer parameter set TP. Preferably, the protection device 10 can store only three parameter sets.

[0121] As mentioned above in connection with Fig. 5, the protective device 10 can have at least one communication interface 11 for communication with a control system 30 and / or a station control system 20. A corresponding control unit 21, 31, comprising a memory unit in which a code is stored, and a computing unit, wherein upon execution of the code by the computing unit, the method is carried out, which can proceed as described above, also represents an aspect of the invention.

[0122] A corresponding protection system 100, in particular for a power grid, comprising a corresponding control unit 21, 31 also represents an aspect of the invention.

[0123] A corresponding control unit 41 for a corresponding user-side monitoring device 40, comprising: a memory unit in which a code is stored, and a computing unit, wherein upon execution of the code by the computing unit, the monitoring method is carried out, which can proceed as described above, also represents an aspect of the invention.

[0124] A corresponding monitoring device 40 having a corresponding control unit 41 also represents an aspect of the invention.

[0125] The above explanation of the embodiments describes the present invention exclusively by way of examples. Of course, individual features of the embodiments can be freely combined with one another, provided they are technically feasible, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0126] Reference symbol list, 1, 2 Index

[0127] 100 protection system

[0128] 10 protective device

[0129] 11 Communication interface 0 Station control system

[0130] 21 Control unit

[0131] 30 Tax system

[0132] 31 Control unit

[0133] 40 monitoring device

[0134] K Communication connection

[0135] CM Condition Monitoring

[0136] SP protection parameters

[0137] DP default parameter set

[0138] HP main parameter set

[0139] TP transfer parameter set ts timestamp dt validity period

Claims

Patent claims 1. A method for operating a protection system (100) with at least one protection device (10), in particular a network protection device, to enable adaptive changes of protection parameters (SP) during operation of the at least one protection device (10), which can preferably be carried out without contact with the at least one protection device (10), comprising: 1) transmitting, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters (SP) to a transfer parameter set (TP) of the at least one protection device (10), 2) Switching from a main parameter set (HP) to the transfer parameter set (TP), 3) Transmission of the protection parameters (SP) to the main parameter set (HP) of the protection device (10), 4) Switching from the transfer parameter set (TP) to the main parameter set (HP).

2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the method is carried out when protection parameters (SP) change, and / or wherein the method is carried out periodically, and / or wherein the method is carried out for a plurality of protection devices (10) of the protection system (100).

3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the event of an error during the execution of the method, a switch is made to a default parameter set (DP).

4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a default parameter set (DP), the main parameter set (HP) and / or the transfer parameter set (TP) are / is each provided with a specific index (0, 1, 2).

5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters (SP) are marked with a time stamp (ts), and / or wherein the, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters (SP) are provided with a validity period (dt).

6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein after exceeding a validity period (dt) of, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters, the operation of the at least one protection device (10) is switched to a default parameter set (DP).

7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein after exceeding a validity period (dt) of, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters, a status monitoring (CM) of the at least one protection device (10) is initiated, preferably by a security query to a user-side monitoring device (40).

8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters are transmitted in step 1) and / or step 3) by a control system (30) which is in a communication connection (K) with a plurality of protection devices (10) and / or a corresponding station control system (20) which is in a communication connection (K) with the at least one protection device (10), and / or wherein in step 1) and / or step 3) a confirmation of successful receipt of protection parameters is sent from the at least one protection device (10) to a control system (30) and / or to a corresponding station control system (20).

9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, for carrying out step 2), the operation of the at least one protective device (10) is switched from the main parameter set (HP) to the transfer parameter set (TP) by remote control of the at least one protective device (10), in particular by means of a control system (30) which is in a communication connection (K) with a plurality of protective devices (10), and / or a corresponding station control system (20) which is in a communication connection (K) with the at least one protective device (10), and / or wherein, for carrying out step 4), the operation of the at least one protective device (10) is switched from the transfer parameter set (TP) to the main parameter set (HP) by remote control of the at least one protective device (10), in particular by means of a control system (30) which is in a communication connection (K) with a plurality of protective devices (10),and / or a corresponding station control system (20) which is in a communication connection (K) with the at least one protection device (10), and / or wherein in step 2) and / or step 4) a confirmation of a successful switchover is sent from the at least one protection device (10) to a control system (30) and / or to a corresponding station control system (20).

10. Protection device (10), in particular a network protection device, preferably for a power network, in which adaptive changes of protection parameters are carried out according to the method according to one of the preceding claims.

11. Protection device (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the protection device (10) has a first memory domain for a default parameter set (DP), a second memory domain for the main parameter set (HP) and a third memory domain for the transfer parameter set (TP), and / or wherein the protection device (10) has at least one communication interface (11) for communication with a control system (30) and / or a corresponding station control system (20).

12. A computer program product comprising instructions which, when the computer program product is executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method according to any one of the preceding claims.

13. Control unit (21, 31), comprising a memory unit in which a code is stored, and a computing unit, wherein when the code is executed by the computing unit, the method according to one of the preceding claims is carried out.

14. Protection system (100), in particular for a power grid, comprising a control unit (21, 31) according to the preceding claim.

15. Protection system (100) according to the preceding claim, comprising: at least one protection device (10), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, a control system (30) which can be brought into a communication connection (K) with a plurality of protection devices (10), at least one station control system (20) which can be brought into a communication connection (K) with the at least one protection device (10), and / or at least one user-side monitoring device (40) which can be brought into a communication connection (K) with the at least one protection device (10).

16. Monitoring method for monitoring the condition of a protective device (10) which is operated according to the method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising: - Determining a main parameter set (HP), - Determining a transfer parameter set (TP), - Comparing the main parameter set (HP) and the transfer parameter set (TP), - Evaluating the operation of the protective device (10) depending on the comparison.

17. Monitoring method according to the preceding claim, wherein, if the main parameter set (HP) and the transfer parameter set (TP) are the same and the main parameter set (HP) is active, normal operation of the protective device (10) is determined.

18. Monitoring method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, if a default parameter set (DP) is active, a fault operation of the protective device (10) is determined.

19. Monitoring method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, if the main parameter set (HP) and the transfer parameter set (TP) are not equal and the main parameter set (HP) is active, it is determined that the method according to claim 1 is between step 1) and step 2), and / or wherein the, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters (SP) are marked with a time stamp (ts).

20. Monitoring method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, if the main parameter set (HP) and the transfer parameter set (TP) are not the same and the transfer parameter set (TP) is active, it is determined that the method according to claim 1 is between step 2) and step 3), and / or wherein the, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters (SP) are checked for exceeding a validity period (dt), wherein, in particular after exceeding a validity period (dt) of, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters, the operation of the at least one protection device (10) is switched to a default parameter set (DP), and / or wherein, after exceeding a validity period (dt) of, in particular current and / or changed, protection parameters (SP), a condition monitoring (CM) of the at least one protection device (10) is initiated,preferably by a security query to a user-side monitoring device (40)., 21. Monitoring method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, if the main parameter set (HP) and the transfer parameter set (TP) are the same and the transfer parameter set (TP) is active, it is determined that the method according to claim 1 is between step 3) and step 4).

22. Control unit (41), comprising: a memory unit in which a code is stored, and a computing unit, wherein when the code is executed by the computing unit, the monitoring method according to one of the preceding claims is carried out.

23. Monitoring device (40) comprising a control unit (41) according to the preceding claim.

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