Cord lock device and cord lock method

Abstract

A rope locking device comprises a body (1) with a user attachment device (1b) and a first through hole (1a) receiving a rope strand (2). A channel in the form of a coil with deformable turns has a first end attached to the body (1) and opens opposite the first through hole (1a). The rope strand (2) passes through the channel and has a deformable internal cross-section to lock or release the rope strand (2). The coil is formed by links (5) fixed consecutively in pairs by pivot shafts (6) and mounted to pivot around parallel pivot axes to modify the channel's cross-section.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a rope locking device and a rope locking method. Previous technique

[0002] In rope access work, a rope is installed along a nearly vertical surface, and the worker moves along the rope to perform various tasks. This work can be carried out on trees, building walls, or industrial sites.

[0003] To move easily and efficiently, the goal is to use simple and practical equipment. Locking one's position on the rope, ascending, and rappelling are operations that rope access technicians perform dozens of times a day. It is therefore crucial to have equipment that is best suited to each of these operations while also being easy to use, reliable, and compact. It is also essential to have a rope locking device that is effective without being overly dependent on the rope's wear and tear or surface condition. It is well known that locking devices behave very differently depending on whether the rope is new or heavily worn. There are also devices whose mechanical behavior varies depending on whether the rope is dry, wet, or dirty, for example, coated with resin.

[0004] Document EP2399651A1 discloses a rope-locking device marketed under the name ZIGZAG, which has a body equipped with a roller and a channel of variable cross-section. The rope strand passes around a pulley, through the body, and out into the channel. The channel is formed by a chain with several rigid ring links that are fixed one behind the other by arms and folded so that the multiple through holes align to allow the passage of the rope strand. Each link is in contact with the rope and rubs against it. When the user attempts to hang using the body, the links move apart, reducing the cross-section available for the rope strand, which eventually becomes trapped in the chain.

[0005] To slide down the rope, you press on the last link of the chain towards the body. This increases the available cross-section for the rope to pass through, allowing it to slide down the rope. To slide back up the rope, you reverse the process by moving your body closer to the last link until it reaches the same position. Applying this load to the body causes the chain to deform and locks the rope.

[0006] This product provides effective locking along the rope thanks to its multiple links, which define numerous contact points and thus create friction zones. These multiple contact points offer a large surface area in contact with the rope, facilitating consistent performance regardless of the rope's surface condition.

[0007] However, installing the locking device requires threading a large amount of rope through the various holes to position the locking device correctly along the rope.

[0008] A locking device operating on essentially the same principle is marketed by Rock Exotica under the name Akimbo and disclosed in document WO 2017 / 014977. A body defines a through hole for a rope strand and a hole for the user to attach. A movable link is attached to the body and defines another hole through which the rope strand passes. Both links are openable to facilitate the installation of the locking device in the middle of the rope. The two links define two contact points with the rope, making this device more sensitive to the rope's surface condition. For more repeatable behavior, the two links are equipped with a friction adjustment mechanism between each link and the rope. This locking device requires the use of a limited set of ropes suitable for use with the locking device.

[0009] There is also a product marketed by Notch Equipment under the name "Rope Runner Pro." This rope-locking device has three through-rings that the rope passes through to create friction. The rings can be opened or removed using a removable pin to allow the device to be installed in the middle of the rope. However, it appears that mounting and removing the rings to install the rope-locking device is not straightforward. The design of the rope-locking device means that the rope is in continuous contact with a large surface area of ​​the body, which reduces the efficiency of rope ascents.

[0010] US patent 2005 / 0262669 discloses a device marketed under the name Unicender by Rock Exotica. This device consists of four C-shaped plates arranged in opposition to define a through channel. The four plates are mounted to move relative to each other around four rotating shafts connected in series like the shafts of a chain. This locking device is not suitable for ropes that are too stiff or too flexible. It appears that, during rope ascents, friction forces remain significant, resulting in low efficiency. Object of the invention

[0011] One object of the invention is to provide a rope locking device that can be installed in the middle of a rope strand while being easy to use and effective.

[0012] These problems are typically solved using a rope locking device designed to lock a strand of rope comprising: a body equipped with a hooking device intended to allow attachment to a user and a first through hole intended for the passage of a rope strand, the body allowing lateral insertion of the rope strand into the first through hole; a channel having a first end hooked to the body 1 and intended to be passed through by the rope strand, the channel opening opposite the first through hole and being deformable between a first position and a second position, the first position having an internal section smaller than an internal section in the second position; in which the channel has a plurality of links defining at least a part of the channel, the links being mounted consecutively one behind the other between a first link and a last link, the links being fixed consecutively two by two by pivot shafts and mounted pivotally around pivot axes to modify the section of the channel.

[0013] The locking device is remarkable in that the links define a coil with a plurality of turns delimiting the channel, the coil being deformable by displacement of the turns relative to each other, each pivot shaft allowing the pivoting of one of the two adjacent turns relative to the other around the pivot axis.

[0014] Advantageously, the first link is attached to the body, the first link being pivotally mounted relative to the body around a rotating shaft fixed to the body.

[0015] In an advantageous development, the rotation shaft defines a rotation axis that is parallel to the pivot axes between successive pairs of links.

[0016] Preferably, a movable plate is fixed to the last link to form an openable ring defining a through passage intended to receive the rope strand, the movable plate being movable by pivoting around a last axis of rotation parallel to the axis of pivoting between the last link and the previous link in the direction of the first link.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the last axis of rotation is collinear with the pivot axis of the last link with the previous link in the direction of the first link.

[0018] In an advantageous development, the last link has a folded position and an extended position, the through-hole being aligned with the channel when the last link is in the folded position. A spring has one end connected to the last link and a second end connected to a previous link in the direction of the first link, the extended position being a position of least deformation for the spring.

[0019] Preferably, the body is equipped with a roller and a movable flange. The movable flange is pivotally mounted between an open and a closed position. The open position allows lateral insertion of the rope strand into the first through hole, while the closed position prevents lateral insertion of the rope strand into the first through hole. The roller and the movable flange partially define the first through hole. The roller is rotatable about a roller rotation axis. The first through hole is located between the roller rotation axis and the attachment device. The movable flange is movable relative to the roller about a movable flange rotation shaft formed by the attachment device.

[0020] Advantageously, the body has a lock with a locking position and an unlocking position, the locking position preventing movement of the movable flange out of the closed position, the unlocking position allowing movement of the movable flange out of the closed position.

[0021] Il It is also advantageous to provide that the links have central links arranged between the first link and the last link, the central links being identical, in the shape of an "L" and fixed head to tail to form the spirals.

[0022] The invention also relates to a rope locking method which is effective while allowing for easy installation in a channel suitable for ensuring the locking and unlocking of the rope.

[0023] This result is achieved using a rope locking process comprising the following steps: provide a locking device according to one of the previous configurations and a rope; insert a strand of rope into the first through hole; wind the rope along the spool-shaped channel, reproducing the turns to insert the strand of rope into the spool. Brief description of the drawings

[0024] Other advantages and features will become clearer from the following description of particular embodiments and implementations of the invention, given by way of non-limiting examples and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which: [ Fig. 1 ] : a schematic view of an embodiment of a rope locking device in a sliding position with a rope installed; ] Fig. 2 ] : a schematic view of an embodiment of a rope locking device in a sliding position; ] Fig. 3] : a schematic view of an embodiment of a rope locking device in a locked position with a rope installed; ] Fig. 4 ] : a schematic view of one embodiment of a rope locking device in a locked position; ] Fig. 5 ] : a schematic view of an embodiment of a rope locking device in a sliding position with a rope installed and a last link in an extended position; ] Fig. 6 ] : a schematic view of an embodiment of a rope locking device in a sliding position with a rope installed, the last link being in a folded position; Fig. 7 ] : another schematic view of an embodiment of a rope-locking device in a sliding position without a rope and with the last link in the extended position; ] Fig. 8] : a schematic view of one embodiment of a channel in a sliding position without an installed rope; ] Fig. 9 ] : a schematic perspective view of a method of assembling several "L"-shaped links in a spiral position; Fig. 10 ] : a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an assembly of several "L"-shaped links assembled in the form of a spiral in a sliding position; ] Fig. 11 ] : another schematic perspective view of a method of assembling several "L"-shaped links in a spiral position; ] Fig. 12 ] : another schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an assembly of several "L"-shaped links assembled in the form of a spiral in a sliding position; ] Fig. 13] : a schematic view of a first embodiment of a coil-shaped rope locking device with L-shaped links; Fig. 14 ] : a schematic view of a second embodiment of a coil-shaped rope locking device with "C"-shaped links; Fig. 15 ] : a schematic view of a third embodiment of a coil-shaped rope locking device with alternating "C" and "I" shaped links; Fig. 16 ] : a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of a coil-shaped rope locking device with I-shaped links connecting pivot axes; ] Fig. 17 ] : a schematic view of a fifth embodiment of a rope locking device with annular links in a sliding position with a rope installed; ] Fig. 18] : a schematic view of a sixth embodiment of a rope locking device with annular links in a sliding position with a rope installed; ] Fig. 19 ] : a schematic view of a seventh embodiment of a rope locking device with annular links in a sliding position with a rope installed. Description of the implementation methods

[0025] The rope locking device has a body 1 with a first through hole 1a for a rope strand 2 to pass through. It is advantageous for the body 1 to be equipped with a roller 3, which facilitates the sliding of the rope inside the body 1. The roller 3 reduces friction during rope ascents, which is preferable to prevent premature user fatigue. The first through hole 1a is partially delimited by the roller 3, if present. The roller 3 is mounted to rotate relative to the body 1 around a roller rotation shaft 3'. The roller rotation shaft 3' is advantageously fixed to the body 1. The position of the roller rotation shaft 3' is schematically represented in the diagram. figure 1 .

[0026] Body 1 also defines a fastening device 1b that allows body 1 to be attached to the user. In the embodiments illustrated in figures 1 to 7The body 1 defines an attachment device 1b in the form of an attachment hole, which is a through-hole allowing the installation of a carabiner, quick link, shackle, sling, or any other equipment enabling the body 1 to be securely attached to the user. When the user hangs using the locking device, they apply their weight to the body 1, resulting in the application of a downward force.

[0027] The rope locking device also includes a locking element 4 in the form of a channel through which the rope strand 2 passes, extending from the first through hole 1a defined by the body 1. The channel has a variable cross-section to produce different values ​​of friction between the channel and the rope. The channel defines a locking position, corresponding to a first position where the effective cross-section of the channel is small, preventing the rope from slipping within the channel. The channel defines a second position where the cross-section of the channel is maximized to produce minimal friction. The first position is illustrated in the figures. figures 3 , 4 And 7 The second position is illustrated in the figures 1, 2 And 5 .

[0028] Between the first and second positions, the channel defines one or more sliding positions that represent configurations where the string is able to slide in one or both directions within the channel. figure 6 illustrates a sliding position where the friction force is greater than the representative friction force of figures 1, 2 And 5 and less than the representative friction force of figures 3 , 4 And 7 .

[0029] The channel can be mobile and deformable, and it has at least one position where the first through hole 1a faces the channel to define a straight line through both the channel and the first through hole 1a. This configuration is particularly advantageous during a rope ascent operation because it limits friction on the rope. It is especially advantageous that, in the second position, the channel is aligned with the first through hole 1a. figures 1 to 7 illustrate a configuration where the first hole through 1a is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the channel.

[0030] The channel is formed by a plurality of links 5 which are assembled to each other in such a way as to be movable relative to each other. The links have one or more contact surfaces with the rope that passes through the links 5 so as to generate frictional forces which are capable of locking the rope strand 2 in the rope locking device.

[0031] The channel is formed by a plurality of links 5 that define a channel in the form of a coil with a plurality of turns, preferably at least three. The turns are mounted to move relative to each other by means of pivot shafts 6. The turns move relative to each other to increase or decrease the cross-section of the channel that receives the rope strand 2. The turns move relative to each other to increase or decrease the length of the channel. The length is measured along the longitudinal direction of the rope passing through the channel. As the length of the channel increases, the cross-section of the channel decreases. As the length of the channel decreases, the cross-section of the channel increases until it reaches a maximum value that is preferably representative of the links 5 bearing against each other.By "supporting one another," we mean that the pivot shafts 6 of the turns are supported by one another on either side of the space receiving the strand of rope 2. The channel is in its shortest length position. Advantageously, each turn is mounted to move relative to the immediately adjacent turn by means of a pivot shaft 6. Even more advantageously, the multiple pivot shafts 6 define pivot axes that are parallel to each other.

[0032] The channel's plurality of turns may have one or more central turns that are immediately adjacent to two other turns, one or both of which may also be central turns. A central turn is connected to each of the immediately adjacent turns by a pivot shaft 6. It is advantageous for the pivot shafts 6 to define pivot axes parallel to each other. IlIt is even more preferable that the pivot trees 6 be arranged alternately on one side and then the other of the channel space intended to receive the rope strand 2.

[0033] To facilitate the installation of the rope strand 2 in the locking device, the links 5 are not closed links, i.e., ring links as in the product marketed under the name ZIGZAG. The links 5 are joined together to form the spool and can be single-piece and identical. They are advantageously L-shaped, as illustrated in the various embodiments of the figures 1 to 12It is also possible to provide links 5 with different shapes, for example, with pieces in the shape of a "C" and pieces in the shape of an "I". It is also possible to provide links 5 of any shape compatible with the formation of a plurality of turns. The links are arranged one behind the other and are hooked to each other. Two consecutive links 5 are mounted pivoting relative to each other by means of a pivot shaft 6. It is advantageous to ensure that the end links are not identical to the other links in order to improve the movement of the channel relative to the body 1 and to have better tracking of the rope's movement within the channel.

[0034] The coil is a coil with deformable turns. The turns deform by pivoting around the pivot shafts 6. With the exception of the end links, each link 5 is fixed to its two nearest neighbor links 5 by pivot shafts 6. In the various embodiments illustrated, the links 5 are L-shaped and are mounted head-to-tail to form a channel that has the shape of a coil.

[0035] It is particularly advantageous for each link 5 to have at least two contact surfaces with the rope. The two contact surfaces belong to two separate walls, for example, one wall forming an arm between two pivot shafts and the other wall covering a pivot shaft 6. It is even more advantageous for the two walls to be rigidly fixed to each other. The use of two walls rigidly fixed to each other allows for good transfer of forces from one end of the link to the other, and therefore efficient transfer of forces between the rope strand 2 and the entire link 5.

[0036] The plurality of links 5 includes a first link 5a which is a link 5 attached to the body 1. The first link 5a provides the connection between the channel and the body 1. It is advantageous for the first link 5a to be attached to a rotating shaft 5a' fixed to the body 1. This allows the channel to be rotated relative to the body 1 in order to better adapt to a displacement of the center of gravity of the user suspended by means of the locking device.

[0037] In a particular embodiment where the locking device has a roller 3, the axis of rotation of the first link 5a relative to the body 1 passes through the roller 3. In the various embodiments illustrated, the axis of rotation of the first link 5a is offset from the axis of rotation of the roller 3. This offset of the two axes of rotation allows the first link 5a to bear against the body 1 when it pivots beyond a threshold position. Once the threshold position is reached, or slightly before, the rope strand 2 can be jammed between the roller 3 and the first link 5a, or even between the body 1 and the first link 5a, depending on the configuration of the body 1.

[0038] Il It is advantageous that the pivot axis of the first link 5a is parallel to the rotation axis of the roller 3. IlIt is advantageous for the pivot axes of the other links to be parallel to the axis of rotation of roller 3. The axis of rotation of roller 3 is illustrated schematically in the figure 7 by a dotted line.

[0039] In order to be able to install a middle of the rope in the locking device without having to unwind the rope from one end, it is advantageous that the body 1 defines a groove which opens into the first hole through 1a or that the body 1 is provided with a movable flange 7.

[0040] The movable flange 7 is mounted to move between an open position allowing lateral insertion of the rope strand 2 into the first through hole 1a and a closed position preventing such lateral insertion of the rope strand 2. In the various embodiments illustrated, the movable flange 7 configuration is advantageous because it provides a body 1 that is more resistant to applied forces while remaining compact. The movable flange configuration also provides a better compromise between safety and ease of installation of the rope strand 2. figures 1 to 7 only illustrate the movable flange 7 in the closed position.

[0041] In an advantageous embodiment, the body 1 is provided with a roller 3 and a movable flange 7, the movable flange 7 being pivotally mounted between an open and a closed position. The open position allows lateral insertion of the rope strand 2 into the first through hole 1a. The closed position prevents lateral insertion of the rope strand 2 into the first through hole 1a. The roller 3 and the movable flange 7 partially define the first through hole 1a. The roller 3 is rotatably mounted about its axis of rotation. The first through hole 1a is located between the axis of rotation of the roller 3 and the attachment device 1b. The movable flange 7 is movable relative to the roller 3 about a pivot shaft formed by the attachment device 1b.When the user is suspended by means of the locking device, a tensile force is applied between the hooking device 1b and the roller 3, which has the effect of slightly deforming the body 1, which prevents the movable flange 7 from leaving the closed position.

[0042] In a particular embodiment illustrated in figures 1 to 7 The movable flange 7 is associated with a lock 8. The lock 8 has a locked position and an unlocked position. The locked position prevents the movable flange 7 from moving out of the closed position. The unlocked position allows the movable flange 7 to move out of the closed position.

[0043] Advantageously, the movable flange 7 is fixed to the roller rotation shaft 3' when the movable flange 7 is in the closed position. To ensure maximum safety against unintentional opening of the movable flange 7, the lock 8 has two separate triggers that must be moved consecutively to move the movable flange 7 out of the closed position.

[0044] In a particular embodiment, the actuation of the lock 8 is independent of the channel position and channel extension. Preferably, the lock 8 is pivotally mounted around a lock shaft 8' which is fixed to the body 1 or the movable flange 7.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the channel terminates in a final link 5b associated with a movable plate 9. The movable plate 9 is fixed to the last link 5b or to the pivot shaft 6 of the last link 5b. The movable plate 9 transforms the last link 5b into an openable ring. The movable plate 9 can be L-shaped, C-shaped, I-shaped, or another shape to form an openable ring. Without an openable ring, the rope strand 2 can more easily slip out of the last link 5b, necessitating a stiffer rope. IlIt is also possible to provide that the last link 5b has a slightly different shape from the other links 5 in order to complicate an unintended exit of the rope strand 2. It is advantageous that the links 5 are in contact with each other so as to cover the entire length of the pivot trees which makes it possible to avoid any contact between an external element and a pivot tree 6.

[0046] The movable plate 9 is mounted to move relative to the last link 5b between an open and a closed position. In the open position, the movable plate 9 is offset from the last link 5b to allow the insertion of the rope strand 2 into the ring. In the closed position, the movable plate 9 is in contact with, or close to, the last link 5b to prevent the rope strand 2 from being pulled out of the ring. The last link 5b is the link furthest from the body 1 along the direction of the rope strand 2 as it passes through the channel.

[0047] In the illustrated embodiments, the movable plate 9 is pivotally mounted relative to the last link 5b about a final axis of rotation. More preferably, the movable plate 9 is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis that is parallel to the pivot axis of the last link 5b with the preceding link 5. Even more preferably, the last link 5b and the movable plate 9 pivot about an axis of rotation that is collinear with the pivot axis of the last link 5b, and even more preferably, it is the same pivot axis. Such an embodiment is illustrated in figures 1 to 8 . Il It is also possible to have a translational displacement, a pivoting displacement around another pivot axis, or a more complex displacement. Il It is still possible to have a mobile plate 9 which is removable relative to the last link 5b to define the open position and the closed position.

[0048] In order to have a channel that follows the movements of the rope strand 2 as closely as possible along the longitudinal direction of the rope, it is advantageous for the last link 5b to be subjected to a spring 10 in a position that represents a reduced cross-section compared to the rest of the channel in the position representing a maximum cross-section. The reduction of the effective cross-section compared to the rest of the channel allows the last link 5b to be formed, which is always in contact with the rope strand 2. figures 1 to 7 illustrate an embodiment where the last link 5b is associated with a moving plate 9, whereas the embodiment of the figure 8 illustrates a locking element 4 lacking the moving plate 9.

[0049] When rope strand 2 moves in a direction extending from the body 1 to the last link 5b—that is, in a direction representing downward sliding of the locking device relative to rope strand 2—the last link 5b pulls the channel upward. As the channel lengthens, its cross-section decreases, increasing the number of contact points with the rope and thus the intensity of the friction until the friction force is sufficient to lock rope strand 2. Since the frame is fixed, moving the locking device in a direction extending from the last link 5b to the first link 5a will inevitably cause rope strand 2 to lock. To prevent this, the user must press on the last link 5b to bring it closer to the first link 5a and adjust the friction force to regulate the sliding speed along the rope.

[0050] Conversely, when the rope strand 2 moves in a direction extending from the last link 5b to the body 1—that is, in a direction representing an upward slide of the locking device relative to the rope strand 2—the last link 5b pulls the channel downwards. As the channel shortens, its cross-section increases, which reduces the number of contact points with the rope and thus the intensity of the friction until the friction force equals the force applied by the spring 10, if present.

[0051] To achieve good sensitivity between the rope and the last 5b link, a very stiff 10 spring is not necessary, as this introduces significant friction when ascending the rope. It is preferable to have a last 5b link mounted with a pivot of at least 45°, preferably at least 75°, or even at least 90°. The deformation introduced by the last 5b link allows for good sensitivity with both stiff and flexible ropes.

[0052] To move the last link 5b, relative to the rest of the channel, into a position of small section, it is advantageous that one end of the spring 10 be attached to the last link 5b and that another end of the spring 10 be attached to the previous link, i.e. approaching the first link 5a.

[0053] The last link 5b moves between a folded position and an extended position. In the folded position, the cross-section available for the passage of the rope strand 2 is larger than the cross-section available in the extended position. The folded position can be one where one end of the last link 5b is in contact with the pivot point 6 between the preceding link and the link before it, in the direction of the first link 5a.

[0054] The extension position is a position of least deformation for spring 10.

[0055] In the illustrated embodiments, the moving plate 9 is positioned above the last link 5b. Il It is possible to foresee that the mobile plate 9 is positioned between the last link 5b and the penultimate link. Il It is still possible to predict that the spring 10 has one end fixed to the moving plate 9.

[0056] Between the first link 5a and the last link 5b, it is advantageous to have central links. Preferably, the central links are all identical.

[0057] The number of central links can vary in order to generate more or less friction.

[0058] Advantageously, links 5 have hollow walls or holes for the passage of one or two pivot shafts. As illustrated in the figure 9An L-shaped link has a first wall defining a lower through hole 5c intended to receive one of the pivot shafts 6 and an upper through hole 5d intended to receive a second of the pivot shafts 6. The lower through hole 5c of a reference link is positioned opposite the upper through hole 5d of a preceding link, and the upper through hole 5d of the reference link is positioned opposite the lower through hole 5c of a subsequent link. A preceding link is a link located closer to the first link 5a, and a subsequent link is a link located closer to the last link 5b as one moves along the coil.

[0059] It is also possible to have links 5 where the pivot trees or part of the pivot trees are intended to come into direct contact with the rope strand 2.

[0060] THE Figures 13 , 14 , 15 And 16They illustrate different possible embodiments for forming a channel in the form of a coil. The links 5 are shown in a fully stretched configuration with spacing between the parts used to form the links 5 in order to better illustrate the interactions between the links 5.

[0061] There figure 13 illustrates the 5 "L" shaped links shown in the figures 1 to 12 . There figure 14 It illustrates C-shaped links arranged head-to-tail. The figure 15 illustrates an alternation of "C" links and "I" links. The figure 16 illustrates I-shaped links whose ends are traversed by pivot shafts 6. The embodiment illustrated in the figure 13 seems to be the most advantageous because it uses a large number of identical parts and provides a good balance between mechanical resistance to stress, efficiency and compactness.

[0062] In one particular embodiment, the channel is formed by a plurality of links 5 that define a coil equipped with deformable turns to adapt the channel's cross-section to the requirements, particularly for friction. It is particularly advantageous to have links 5 in the shape of an "L" where each link 5 is connected to the adjacent link 5 by a pivot joint defined by a pivot shaft 6, and where the main points of contact operate independently of the following and / or preceding points of contact according to the longitudinal direction of the rope strand 2.

[0063] When the rope strand 2 seeks to lengthen the channel, each contact surface applies one or more forces to the links 5, which tend to deform the turns. In the embodiment illustrated in the figure 13The contact surfaces between the rope strand 2 and the areas traversed by the pivot shafts 6 apply opposing forces around the two pivot axes of each link. This introduces a rapidly increasing frictional force. Furthermore, with L-shaped links, the wall connecting the two pivot shafts 6 may be in contact with the rope strand 2, introducing additional friction that acts to rotate the link 5.

[0064] Consequently, each contact surface with the rope works towards the same goal: increasing or decreasing the channel's cross-section. The channel is able to lock the rope after a slight displacement of the rope towards the last link 5b. The last link 5b, and more generally all the links positioned above the pivot shaft 6 of a reference link, apply a force to the pivot shaft 6 that tends to bring the links 5 closer together so that they are all aligned. The force applied to the reference link aims to lock the rope. In addition to this force, the friction introduced by the rope strand 2 rubbing against the wall of the link through which the pivot shaft passes introduces a torque that also contributes to locking the rope strand 2.

[0065] To effectively modulate the channel cross-section and ensure efficient locking and unlocking, the channel has primary contact surfaces with the rope, arranged alternately on either side of the rope strand 2. The primary contact surfaces are formed by the walls of the pivot shafts 6 or by the walls of the links that separate the rope and the pivot shaft 6. Secondary contact surfaces can be formed by the walls of the arms that connect the pivot shafts 6. It is advantageous to limit the friction introduced by the secondary contact surfaces because the deformation of the channel has a minimal effect on these surfaces.

[0066] To ensure efficient force transmission between the rope and the channel, it is advantageous for the links 5 to have only one primary contact surface. Between two points, the two adjacent primary contact surfaces are movable by pivoting relative to each other.

[0067] In a coiled assembly, the turns move by pivoting around the pivot shafts. It is particularly advantageous for each link to lack a rigid connection between two primary contact surfaces. Preferably, each link 5 has a single primary contact area located between one of the two pivot shafts 6 and the rope strand 2. In addition to this primary contact surface, the link 5 may have at least one secondary contact surface on the wall of the arm connecting two pivot shafts 6. It is advantageous for at least one secondary contact surface in a link 5 to be fixedly connected to the primary contact surface. The use of an L-shaped link allows for the formation of a link with a single primary and a single secondary contact surface.

[0068] This setup is more advantageous than the one illustrated in the figure 15or that marketed by the applicant under the name ZIGZAG, which consists of alternating annular links connected by plates, similar to a bicycle chain. The two walls through which the six consecutive pivot shafts pass form a single unit. The two ends of the link receive opposing torques, such that one torque tightens the rope while the other loosens it.

[0069] The configuration according to the figure 13 is more advantageous than the one used in the device marketed under the name "UNICENDER" by Rock Exotica, where all the pivot points are located on the same side of the channel. Modulating the active cross-section of the channel is more difficult to achieve, which necessitates a top link with a small cross-section to force the deformation of the second rope strand. This configuration is detrimental to efficient rope ascents.

[0070] Although the figures illustrate monolithic links in the shape of an "L" to facilitate the insertion of a rope midpoint, other shapes are possible, for example, monolithic links in the shape of a "C". The portion of link 5 through which the pivot axis passes relative to the preceding adjacent link is fixedly mounted to the flange or both flanges intended to receive the pivot shaft 6 of the next link. It is then possible to form a configuration essentially identical to that of the currently operational ZIGZAG, while being more sensitive to rope movement within the channel. As mentioned above, "C"-shaped links, which define two primary contact surfaces per link, are less advantageous.

[0071] THE figures 17 , 18 and 19illustrate configurations where the links 5 are mounted one behind the other to define annular links which are crossed by the rope strand 2.

[0072] THE figures 17 , 18 and 19 These illustrate configurations where the channel is formed by a series of annular links. In other words, two pivot shafts are connected by two arms. The two arms and the two pivot shafts define the area intended to receive the rope strand 2. When the links are annular, it is advantageous for the body 1 to lack a groove for inserting a rope midsection and a movable flange 7.

[0073] To achieve a channel that transitions more quickly from a high-friction to a low-friction configuration for a predefined string displacement in the first through hole 1a, it is advantageous to use a contact surface with a non-circular cross-section. This embodiment is illustrated in figures 1 to 12 The contact surface can be the wall of the link 5 through which the pivot shaft 6 passes and which is substantially parallel to the pivot axis. The contact surface can be the pivot shaft 6 when the latter is intended to be in contact with the rope strand 2. The contact surface is a portion of the wall that surrounds the pivot axis and is intended to be in contact with the rope.

[0074] When the contact surface has a circular cross-section in the portion traversed by the pivot shaft 6, the increase or decrease in cross-section within the channel is solely determined by the pivoting of the links relative to each other, resulting in the pivot shafts 6 moving closer together or further apart. Conversely, when using links 5 where the contact surface is not circular, the pivoting of the links 5 relative to each other causes the pivot shafts 6 to move closer together or further apart, along with a thickening or thinning of the wall of the link closest to the rope strand 2—that is, the wall of the link that must make contact with the rope strand 2. In addition to the deformation of the turns, the wall thickness of the link 5 increases or decreases, making the channel more sensitive to the movements of the rope strand 2.

[0075] IlIt is particularly advantageous that pivoting the link 5 to lengthen the channel simultaneously results in the introduction of a thicker link 5 wall delimiting the channel. Conversely, pivoting the link 5 to shorten the channel results in the introduction of a thinner link wall delimiting the channel. This configuration is particularly advantageous in rope ascents where the aim is to minimize the descent after each ascent of the locking device along the rope. Il It is particularly advantageous that the primary contact surface is not a circular contact surface. Rotating the primary contact surface allows the channel cross-sectional area to be modulated.

[0076] The evolution of the wall thickness forming the link 5 can be obtained by making a flat or a partial groove 11 which is intended to delimit the section of the channel when the channel is in the position of low friction. Il It is also possible to form a link wall with a protrusion. The protrusion is intended to delimit the channel when the channel is in the position of high friction.

[0077] In an advantageous embodiment, one or more central links are equipped with a limiter. The limiter is arranged to prevent the maximum pivoting of a central link relative to the immediately adjacent central link beyond a threshold position around the pivot shaft 6 they share. IlIt is advantageous that the limiter prevents two successive central links from being aligned; that is, the limiter prevents a straight line from passing through three pivot axes arranged consecutively along the longitudinal direction connecting the first link 5a to the last link 5b. The three pivot axes are the common pivot axis of the two central links that define the limiter, the pivot axis between one of the two central links and the pivot shaft 6 common with another link that is immediately after it along the longitudinal direction of the channel, and the common pivot axis between the other of the two central links and yet another of the links that is immediately after it along the longitudinal direction of the channel.

[0078] The presence of the limiter prevents the two central links from positioning themselves in a way that creates a hole for the rope and whose movement kinematics are not adapted to the forces to be supported. For example, when the links 5 have a protrusion, a flat, or a partial groove 11, the direction of pivoting of the links 5 relative to each other alters the ability to change the channel cross-section as a function of the pivoting of the links 5.

[0079] It is particularly advantageous for each pair of consecutive center links to be equipped with a limiter that defines the angular range of pivoting between the two consecutive center links. The presence of a limiter that prevents the alignment of center links facilitates the almost automatic storage of the links in a less bulky position, corresponding to a channel with a large cross-section. When not under load, the links tend to move closer together when the channel is positioned above the main body. The risk of incorrect rope installation is reduced.

[0080] The maximum pivot angle can be defined to allow for the locking of a rope with a diameter smaller than a recommended range. The closer the central links are to complete alignment, the smaller the usable rope diameter can be. By preventing the central links from being fully aligned, the risk of improper use is reduced, where the rope lock in the channel is primarily caused by the first link (5a). This prevents the links from being subjected to a stress mode that is less advantageous than with a rope of the recommended diameters. It is possible that all successive pairs of links will define a limiting factor.

[0081] The limiter can be formed by stops 12 which are present on the links 5 and which are in contact with each other to block the pivoting of the links relative to each other once the threshold position is reached.

[0082] Installing the rope in the locking device involves inserting the rope strand 2 into the first through hole 1a. The installation also involves inserting the rope strand 2 into the spool. The rope strand 2 is wound following the orientation of the turns so as to fit inside the spool.

[0083] When the rope strand 2 is moved in the direction extending from the first link 5a to the last link 5b, there is a tendency to lengthen the channel, which causes the rope strand 2 to become blocked. When the rope strand 2 is moved in the direction extending from the last link 5b to the first link 5a, there is a tendency to shorten the channel, which causes the rope strand 2 to become unblocked.

Claims

1. Rope locking device intended to lock a rope strand (2) comprising: - a body (1) equipped with an attachment device (1b) intended to allow attachment to a user and a first through hole (1a) intended for the passage of a rope strand (2), the body (1) allowing lateral insertion of the rope strand (2) into the first through hole (1a); - a channel having a first end attached to the body (1) and intended to be traversed by the rope strand (2), the channel opening opposite the first through hole (1a) and being deformable between a first position and a second position, the first position having an internal section smaller than an internal section in the second position;in which the channel has a plurality of links (5) defining at least a part of the channel, the links (5) being mounted consecutively one behind the other between a first link (5a) and a last link (5b), the links (5) being fixed consecutively two by two by pivot shafts (6) and mounted to pivot about pivot axes to modify the internal section of the channel; characterized in that the links (5) define a coil with a plurality of turns delimiting the channel, the coil being deformable by displacement of the turns relative to each other, each pivot shaft (6) allowing the pivoting of one of the two adjacent turns relative to the other around the pivot axis.

2. Rope locking device according to claim 1 in which the first link (5a) is hooked to the body (1), the first link (5a) being pivotally mounted relative to the body (1) around a rotation shaft (5a') fixed to the body (1).

3. Rope locking device according to claim 2 in which the rotation shaft (5a') defines an axis of rotation which is parallel to the pivot axes between successive pairs of links.

4. Rope locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in which a movable plate (9) is fixed to the last link (5b) to form an openable ring defining a through passage intended to receive the rope strand (2), the movable plate (9) being movable by pivoting about a last axis of rotation parallel to the axis of pivoting between the last link (5b) and the previous link in the direction of the first link (5a).

5. Rope locking device according to claim 4 in which the last axis of rotation is collinear with the pivot axis of the last link (5b) with the previous link in the direction of the first link (5a).

6. Rope locking device according to any one of claims 4 and 5 wherein the last link (5b) has a folded position and an extended position, the through passage being arranged in alignment with the channel when the last link (5b) is in the folded position, wherein a spring (10) has a first end connected to the last link (5b) and a second end connected to a previous link in the direction of the first link (5a), the extended position being a position of least deformation for the spring (10).

7. A rope locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the body (1) is provided with a roller (3) and a movable flange (7), the movable flange (7) being pivotally mounted between an open position and a closed position, the open position allowing lateral insertion of the rope strand (2) into the first through hole (1a), the closed position preventing lateral insertion of the rope strand (2) into the first through hole (1a), the roller (3) and the movable flange (7) partially defining the first through hole (1a), wherein the roller (3) is rotatably mounted about a rotation axis of roller (3), the first through hole (1a) is disposed between the rotation axis of roller (3) and the hooking device (1b), and wherein the movable flange (7) is movable relative to the roller (3) about a rotation shaft of movable flange formed by the attachment device (1b).

8. Rope locking device according to claim 7 in which the body (1) has a lock (8) having a locking position and an unlocking position, the locking position prohibiting movement of the movable flange (7) out of the closed position, the unlocking position permitting movement of the movable flange (7) out of the closed position.

9. Rope locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in which the links (5) have central links arranged between the first link (5a) and the last link (5b), the central links being identical, in the shape of "L" and fixed head-to-tail to form the turns.

10. Rope locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein the links (5) comprise central links connecting the first link (5a) and the last link (5b), the central links define at least one stop (12) limiting a maximum pivot angle of a central link with respect to an adjacent central link, the stop (12) prohibiting three pivot axes from being aligned, the three pivot axes comprising a pivot axis between said central link and said adjacent central link and pivot axes between said central link and another of the links (5) and between said adjacent central link and yet another of the links (5).

11. Rope locking method comprising the following steps: - providing a rope locking device according to one of the preceding claims and a rope strand (2); - introducing a rope strand (2) into the first through hole (1a); - winding the rope from the channel into a coil by reproducing the turns; introducing the rope strand (2) into the coil.

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