ROPE LOCKING DEVICE AND ROPE LOCKING METHOD

Abstract

ROPE LOCKING DEVICE AND ROPE LOCKING METHOD A rope locking device comprises a body (1) with a user attachment device (1b) and a first through hole (1a) receiving a rope strand (2). A channel in the form of a coil with deformable turns has a first end attached to the body (1) and opens opposite the first through hole (1a). The rope strand (2) passes through the channel and has a deformable internal cross-section to lock or release the rope strand (2). The coil is formed by links (5) fixed consecutively in pairs by pivot shafts (6) and mounted to pivot about parallel pivot axes to modify the channel's cross-section.

Description

Title of the invention: ROPE LOCKING DEVICE AND ROPE LOCKING METHOD technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a rope locking device and a rope locking method. Previous technique

[0002] In acrobatic activities, a rope is installed along a substantially vertical surface, and the operator moves along the rope to perform various tasks. It is possible to work on trees, building walls, or industrial sites.

[0003] To move easily and efficiently, simple and practical equipment is essential. Locking one's position on the rope, ascending the rope, and rappelling are operations that rope access technicians perform dozens of times a day. It is therefore important to have equipment that is best suited to each of these operations while being easy to use, reliable, and compact. It is also necessary to have a rope locking device that is effective without being overly dependent on the rope's wear or surface condition. It is well known that locking devices behave very differently depending on whether the rope is new or heavily worn. There are also devices whose mechanical behavior differs depending on whether the rope is dry, wet, or dirty, for example, coated with resin.

[0004] A rope-locking device marketed under the name ZIGZAG is known. It has a body equipped with a roller and a channel of variable cross-section. The rope strand passes around a pulley, through the body, and out into the channel of variable cross-section. The channel is formed by a chain with several rigid annular links that are fixed one behind the other by arms and folded so that the multiple through holes align to allow the passage of the rope strand. Each link is in contact with the rope and rubs against it. When the user attempts to hang by means of the body, the links move apart, which reduces the cross-section available for the passage of the rope strand, which eventually becomes trapped in the chain.

[0005] To move down the rope strand, pressure is applied to the last link of the chain in the direction of the body. This increases the cross-sectional area available for the rope strand to pass through, allowing it to slide down the rope. To move back up the rope strand, the reverse operation is performed by moving the body. to move it closer to the last link until the position of the last link is raised along the rope. The load placed on the body causes the chain to deform and the rope strand to lock.

[0006] This product provides effective locking along the rope by means of multiple links that define multiple contact points, each representing a friction zone. These multiple contact points offer a large contact area with the rope, facilitating consistent performance regardless of the rope's surface condition.

[0007] However, installing the locking device requires threading a large amount of rope through the various holes to place the locking device in the correct position along the rope.

[0008] A locking device operating on essentially the same principle is marketed by Rock Exotica under the name Akimbo. A body defines a through hole for the passage of a rope strand and a hole for the user to attach. A movable link is attached to the body and defines another hole through which the rope strand passes. Both links are openable to facilitate the installation of the locking device in the middle of the rope. The two links define two contact areas with the rope, which makes this device more sensitive to the surface condition of the rope. To ensure more repeatable behavior, the two links are equipped with a friction adjustment mechanism between each link and the rope. This locking device requires the use of a limited set of ropes suitable for use with the locking device.

[0009] There is also a product marketed by Notch Equipment under the name "Rope Runner Pro". The locking device has three through rings through which the rope strand passes to introduce friction. The rings can be opened or removed by means of a removable pin to allow the locking device to be installed in the middle of the rope strand. However, it appears that mounting and dismounting the rings for installing the locking device is not straightforward. The configuration of the locking device means that the rope is in continuous contact with a large surface area of ​​the body, which reduces the efficiency of rope ascents.

[0010] The device marketed under the name Unicender by Rock Exotica is also known. It comprises four plates in the shape of a "C" arranged in opposition to define a through channel. The four plates are mounted to move relative to each other around four rotating shafts connected one behind the other as the rotating shafts of a chain. This locking device is not suitable for excessively stiff ropes or too flexible. It appears that, during rope ascent operations, friction forces remain significant, resulting in low efficiency. Object of the invention

[0011] An object of the invention consists of providing a rope locking device which can be installed in the middle of a rope strand while being easy to use and effective.

[0012] These problems are tended to be solved by means of a rope locking device designed to lock a strand of rope comprising: - a body equipped with a hooking device intended to allow attachment to a user and a first through hole intended for the passage of a rope strand, the body allowing lateral insertion of the rope strand into the first through hole; - a channel having a first end attached to the body 1 and intended to be traversed by the rope strand, the channel opening opposite the first through hole and being deformable between a first position and a second position, the first position having an internal section smaller than an internal section in the second position; in which the channel has a plurality of links defining at least a part of the channel, the links being mounted consecutively one behind the other between a first link and a last link, the links being fixed consecutively two by two by pivot shafts and mounted to pivot about pivot axes to modify the section of the channel.

[0013] The locking device is remarkable in that the links define a coil with a plurality of turns delimiting the channel, the coil being deformable by displacement of the turns relative to each other, each pivot shaft allowing the pivoting of one of the two adjacent turns relative to the other around the pivot axis.

[0014] Advantageously, the first link is attached to the body, the first link being pivotally mounted relative to the body around a rotation shaft fixed to the body.

[0015] In an advantageous development, the rotation shaft defines an axis of rotation which is parallel to the pivot axes between the pairs of successive links sel.

[0016] Preferably, a movable plate is fixed to the last link to form an openable ring defining a through passage intended to receive the rope strand, the movable plate being movable by pivoting around a last axis of rotation parallel to the axis of pivoting between the last link and the previous link in the direction of the first link.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the last axis of rotation is collinear with the pivot axis of the last link with the previous link in the direction of the first link.

[0018] In an advantageous development, the last link has a folded position and an extended position, the through-hole being aligned with the channel when the last link is in the folded position. A spring has a first end connected to the last link and a second end connected to a previous link in the direction of the first link, the extended position being a position of least deformation for the spring.

[0019] Preferably, the body is provided with a roller and a movable flange, the movable flange being pivotally mounted between an open and a closed position. The open position allows lateral insertion of the rope strand into the first through hole, while the closed position prevents lateral insertion of the rope strand into the first through hole. The roller and the movable flange partially define the first through hole. The roller is rotatably mounted about a roller rotation axis. The first through hole is located between the roller rotation axis and the attachment device. The movable flange is movable relative to the roller about a movable flange rotation shaft formed by the attachment device.

[0020] Advantageously, the body has a lock having a locking position and an unlocking position, the locking position preventing movement of the movable flange out of the closed position, the unlocking position allowing movement of the movable flange out of the closed position.

[0021] It is also advantageous to provide that the links have central links arranged between the first link and the last link, the central links being identical, in the shape of "L" and fixed head to tail to form the spirals.

[0022] The invention also relates to a rope locking method which is effective while allowing for easy installation in a channel suitable for ensuring the locking and unlocking of the rope.

[0023] This result is to be achieved by means of a rope locking method comprising the following steps: - provide a locking device according to one of the previous configurations and a rope; - insert a piece of rope into the first hole going through; - wind the canal rope into a coil shape, reproducing the turns, and insert the strand of rope into the coil. Brief description of the drawings

[0024] Other advantages and features will become clearer from the following description of particular embodiments and implementations of the invention given by way of non-limiting examples and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0025] [Fig.1]: a schematic view of an embodiment of a rope locking device in a sliding position with a rope installed; [Fig.2]: a schematic view of an embodiment of a rope locking device in a sliding position; [Fig.3]: a schematic view of an embodiment of a rope locking device in a locking position with a rope installed; [Fig.4]: a schematic view of an embodiment of a rope locking device in a locked position; [Fig.5]: a schematic view of an embodiment of a rope locking device in a sliding position with a rope installed and a last link in an extended position; [Fig.6]: a schematic view of an embodiment of a rope locking device in a sliding position with a rope installed, the last link being in a folded position; [Fig.7]: another schematic view of an embodiment of a rope locking device in a sliding position without rope and with the last link in the extension position; [Fig.8]: a schematic view of an embodiment of a channel in a sliding position without a rope installed; [Fig.9]: a schematic perspective view of a method of implementing an assembly of several "L"-shaped links assembled in the form of a spiral in a sliding position; [Fig. 10]: a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an assembly of several "L"-shaped links assembled in the form of a spiral in a sliding position; [Fig.l 1]: another schematic perspective view of a method of implementing an assembly of several "L"-shaped links assembled in the form of a spiral in a sliding position; [Fig.12]: another schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an assembly of several "L"-shaped links assembled in the form of a spiral in a sliding position; [Fig. 13]: a schematic view of a first embodiment of a coil-shaped rope locking device with "L"-shaped links; [Fig. 14]: a schematic view of a second embodiment of a coil-shaped rope locking device with "C"-shaped links; [Fig. 15]: a schematic view of a third embodiment of a coil-shaped rope locking device with alternating "C" and "I" shaped links; [Fig. 16]: a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of a coil-shaped rope locking device with "I"-shaped links connecting pivot axes; [Fig. 17]: a schematic view of a fifth embodiment of a rope locking device with annular links in a sliding position with a rope installed; [Fig. 18]: a schematic view of a sixth embodiment of a rope locking device with annular links in a sliding position with a rope installed; [Fig. 19]: a schematic view of a seventh embodiment of a rope locking device with annular links in a sliding position with a rope installed. Description of the implementation methods

[0026] The rope locking device has a body 1 with a first hole through which a strand of rope 2 passes. It is advantageous for the body 1 to be equipped with a roller 3, which facilitates the sliding of the rope inside the body 1. The roller 3 reduces friction during rope ascents, which is preferable to prevent accelerated user fatigue. The first hole through which the rope passes is partially delimited by the roller 3, if applicable. The roller 3 is mounted for rotation relative to the body 1 around a roller rotation shaft 3'. The roller rotation shaft 3' is advantageously fixed to the body 1. The position of the roller rotation shaft 3' is schematically represented in [Fig. 1].

[0027] The body 1 also defines an attachment device 1b that allows the body 1 to be attached to the user. In the embodiments illustrated in Figures 1 to 7, the body 1 defines an attachment device 1b in the form of an attachment hole, which is a through-hole that allows the installation of a carabiner, quick link, shackle, strap, or any other equipment for securely attaching the body 1 to the user. When the user hangs by means of the attachment device, they apply their weight to the body 1, resulting in the application of a downward force.

[0028] The rope locking device also includes a locking element 4 in the form of a channel through which the rope strand 2 passes, extending from the first hole defined by the body 1. The channel has a variable cross-section to produce different friction values ​​between the channel and the rope. The channel defines a locking position corresponding to a first position where the effective cross-section of the channel is small, preventing the rope from slipping in the channel. The channel defines a second position where the cross-section of the channel is maximum. in order to produce minimal friction. The first position is illustrated in figures 3, 4 and 7. The second position is illustrated in figures 1, 2 and 5.

[0029] Between the first and second positions, the channel defines one or more sliding positions that represent configurations where the string is able to slide in one or both directions inside the channel. Figure 6 illustrates a sliding position where the friction force is greater than the friction force shown in Figures 1, 2, and 5, and less than the friction force shown in Figures 3, 4, and 7.

[0030] The channel can be mobile and deformable, and it has at least one position where the first hole passing through the channel faces the channel in order to define a straight line through the channel and the first hole passing through the channel. This configuration is particularly advantageous during a rope ascent operation because it limits friction on the rope. It is particularly advantageous that, in the second position, the channel is in line with the first hole passing through the channel. Figures 1 to 7 illustrate a configuration where the first hole passing through the channel is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the channel.

[0031] The channel is formed by a plurality of links 5 which are assembled to each other in such a way as to be movable relative to each other. The links have one or more contact surfaces with the rope which passes through the links 5 so as to generate frictional forces which are capable of locking the rope strand 2 in the rope locking device.

[0032] The channel is formed by a plurality of links 5 that define a channel in the form of a coil with a plurality of turns, preferably at least three turns. The turns are mounted to move relative to each other by means of pivot shafts 6. The turns move relative to each other to increase or decrease the cross-section of the channel that receives the strand of rope 2. The turns move relative to each other to increase or decrease the length of the channel. The length is measured along the longitudinal direction of the rope passing through the channel. When the length of the channel increases, the cross-section of the channel decreases. When the length of the channel decreases, the cross-section of the channel increases until it reaches a maximum value that is preferably representative of the links 5 bearing against each other.By "supporting one another," we mean that the pivot shafts 6 of the turns are supported one another on either side of the space receiving the strand of rope 2. The channel is in its shortest length position. Advantageously, each turn is mounted to move relative to the immediately adjacent turn by means of a pivot shaft 6. Even more advantageously, the multiple pivot shafts 6 define pivot axes that are parallel to each other.

[0033] The plurality of turns in the channel may have one or more central turns that are immediately adjacent to two other turns, one and / or both of which may also be central turns. A central turn is connected to each of the immediately adjacent turns by a pivot shaft 6. It is advantageous for the pivot shafts 6 to define parallel pivot axes. It is even more preferable for the pivot shafts 6 to be arranged alternately on one side and then the other of the channel space intended to receive the rope strand 2.

[0034] To facilitate the installation of the rope strand 2 in the locking device, the links 5 are not closed links, i.e., annular links as in the product marketed under the name ZIGZAG. The links 5 are joined together to form the coil and can be single-piece and identical. They are advantageously L-shaped, as illustrated in the various embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 12. It is also possible to provide links 5 with different shapes, for example, with C-shaped and I-shaped components. Links 5 can also be of any shape compatible with the formation of a plurality of turns. The links are arranged one behind the other and are hooked together.Two consecutive links 5 are mounted pivoting relative to each other by means of a pivot shaft 6. It is advantageous to ensure that the end links are not identical to the other links in order to improve the movement of the channel relative to the body 1 and to have better tracking of the rope's movements in the channel.

[0035] The coil is a coil with deformable turns. The turns deform by pivoting around the pivot shafts 6. With the exception of the end links, each link 5 is fixed to its two nearest neighbor links 5 by pivot shafts 6. In the various embodiments illustrated, the links 5 are L-shaped and are mounted head-to-tail so as to form a channel which has the form of a coil.

[0036] It is particularly advantageous for each link 5 to have at least two contact surfaces with the rope. The two contact surfaces belong to two separate walls, for example, one wall that forms an arm between two pivot shafts and the other wall is a covering wall of a pivot shaft 6. It is even more advantageous for the two walls to be rigidly fixed to each other. The use of two walls rigidly fixed to each other allows for good transfer of forces from one end of the link to the other and therefore efficient transfer of forces between the rope strand 2 and the entire link 5.

[0037] The plurality of links 5 includes a first link 5a which is a link 5 attached to the body 1. The first link 5a provides the fixing between the channel and the body 1. It is advantageous for the first link 5a to be attached to a rotation shaft 5a' fixed to the body 1. This allows the channel to be rotated relative to the body 1 in order to better adapt to a displacement of the center of gravity of the user suspended by means of the locking device.

[0038] In a particular embodiment where the locking device has a roller 3, the axis of rotation of the first link 5a relative to the body 1 passes through the roller 3. In the various embodiments illustrated, the axis of rotation of the first link 5a is offset from the axis of rotation of the roller 3. This offset of the two axes of rotation allows the first link 5a to bear against the body 1 when it pivots beyond a threshold position. Once the threshold position is reached, or slightly before, the rope strand 2 can be jammed between the roller 3 and the first link 5a, or even between the body 1 and the first link 5a, depending on the configuration of the body 1.

[0039] It is advantageous that the pivot axis of the first link 5a be parallel to the axis of rotation of the roller 3. It is advantageous that the pivot axes of the other links be parallel to the axis of rotation of the roller 3. The axis of rotation of the roller 3 is illustrated schematically in [Fig.7] by a dashed line.

[0040] In order to be able to install a middle of the rope in the locking device without having to unwind the rope from one end, it is advantageous that the body 1 defines a groove which opens into the first hole through the or that the body 1 is provided with a movable flange 7.

[0041] The movable flange 7 is mounted to move between an open position allowing lateral insertion of the rope strand 2 into the first hole passing through the

[0041] and a closed position preventing such lateral insertion of the rope strand 2. In the various embodiments illustrated, the configuration with the movable flange 7 is advantageous because it provides a body 1 that is more resistant to applied forces while remaining compact. The movable flange configuration also provides a better compromise between safety and ease of installation of the rope strand 2. Figures 1 to 7 illustrate only the movable flange 7 in the closed position.

[0042] In an advantageous embodiment, the body 1 is provided with a roller 3 and a movable flange 7, the movable flange 7 being pivotally mounted between an open and a closed position, the open position allowing lateral insertion of the rope strand 2 into the first hole passing through the body. The closed position prevents lateral insertion of the rope strand 2 into the first hole passing through the body. The roller 3 and the movable flange 7 partially delimit the first hole passing through the body. The roller 3 is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation of the roller 3, and the first hole passing through the body is arranged between the rotation axis of roller 3 and the attachment device 1b. The movable flange 7 is mounted movable relative to the roller 3 around a movable flange rotation shaft formed by the attachment device 1b. When the user is suspended by means of the locking device, a tensile force is applied between the attachment device 1b and the roller 3, which has the effect of slightly deforming the body 1, thus preventing the movable flange 7 from leaving the closed position.

[0043] In a particular embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 to 7, the movable flange 7 is associated with a lock 8. The lock 8 has a locked position and an unlocked position. The locked position prevents the movable flange 7 from moving out of the closed position. The unlocked position allows the movable flange 7 to move out of the closed position.

[0044] Advantageously, the movable flange 7 is fixed to the roller rotation shaft 3' when the movable flange 7 is in the closed position. To ensure maximum safety against unintentional opening of the movable flange 7, the lock 8 has two separate triggers that must be moved consecutively to move the movable flange 7 out of the closed position.

[0045] In a particular embodiment, the actuation of the lock 8 is independent of the position of the channel and the extension of the channel. Preferably, the lock 8 is pivotally mounted about a lock shaft 8' which is fixed to the body 1 or to the movable flange 7.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the channel terminates in a final link 5b associated with a movable plate 9. The movable plate 9 is fixed to the final link 5b or to the pivot shaft 6 of the final link 5b. The movable plate 9 transforms the final link 5b into an openable ring. The movable plate 9 may be L-shaped, C-shaped, I-shaped, or have another shape to form an openable ring. Without an openable ring, the rope strand 2 can more easily escape from the final link 5b, thus requiring a stiffer rope. It is also possible to provide that the final link 5b has a slightly different shape from the other links 5 to make an unintended exit of the rope strand 2 more difficult.It is advantageous that the links 5 are in contact with each other so as to cover the entire length of the pivot shafts, which prevents any contact between an external element and a pivot shaft 6.

[0047] The movable plate 9 is mounted to move relative to the last link 5b between an open and a closed position. In the open position, the movable plate 9 is offset from the last link 5b to allow the insertion of the rope strand 2 into the ring. In the closed position, the movable plate 9 is in contact with, or close to, the last link 5b to prevent the rope strand 2 from being pulled out of the ring. the ring. The last link 5b is the link furthest from the body 1 according to the direction of the rope strand 2 which passes through the channel.

[0048] In the illustrated embodiments, the movable plate 9 is pivotally mounted relative to the last link 5b about a final axis of rotation. More preferably, the movable plate 9 is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis that is parallel to the pivot axis of the last link 5b with the preceding link 5. Even more preferably, the last link 5b and the movable plate 9 pivot about an axis of rotation that is collinear with the pivot axis of the last link 5b, and even more preferably, it is the same pivot axis. Such an embodiment is illustrated in Figures 1 to 8. It is also possible to have translational movement, pivotal movement about another pivot axis, or a more complex movement. It is also possible to have a movable plate 9 that is detachable relative to the last link 5b to define the open and closed positions.

[0049] In order to have a channel that follows the movements of the rope strand 2 as closely as possible along the longitudinal direction of the rope, it is advantageous for the last link 5b to be subjected to a spring 10 in a position that represents a reduced cross-section compared to the rest of the channel in the position representing a maximum cross-section. The reduction of the effective cross-section compared to the rest of the channel makes it possible to form a last link 5b that is always in contact with the rope strand 2. Figures 1 to 7 illustrate an embodiment where the last link 5b is associated with a movable plate 9, while the embodiment in [Fig. 8] illustrates a locking element 4 without the movable plate 9.

[0050] When the rope strand 2 moves in a direction extending from the body 1 to the last link 5b, that is, in a direction representing a downward slide of the locking device relative to the rope strand 2, the last link 5b pulls the channel upwards. As the channel lengthens, its cross-section decreases, increasing the number of contact points with the rope and thus the intensity of the friction until the friction force is sufficient to lock the rope strand 2. Since the frame is fixed, a movement of the locking device in a direction extending from the last link 5b to the first link 5a is intended to systematically lock the rope strand 2.To avoid this blockage, the user must press on the last link 5b to bring it closer to the first link 5a and adjust the value of the friction force to adjust the sliding speed along the rope.

[0051] On the contrary, when the rope strand 2 moves in a direction extending from the last link 5b to the body 1, that is, in a direction representing an upward slide of the locking device relative to the strand of rope 2, the last link 5b pulls the channel downwards. As the channel shortens, the cross-section increases, which reduces the number of contact points with the rope and therefore the intensity of the friction until the friction force is equal to the force applied by the spring 10 if present.

[0052] To achieve good sensitivity between the rope and the last 5b link, a very stiff spring 10 is not necessary, as this introduces significant friction during rope ascent. It is preferable to have a last 5b link mounted pivoting through at least 45°, preferably at least 75°, or even at least 90°. The deformation introduced by the last 5b link allows for good sensitivity with both stiff and flexible ropes.

[0053] To move the last link 5b, relative to the rest of the channel, into a position of small section, it is advantageous that one end of the spring 10 be attached to the last link 5b and that another end of the spring 10 be attached to the previous link, i.e. approaching the first link 5a.

[0054] The last link 5b moves between a folded position and an extended position. In the folded position, the cross-section available for the passage of the rope strand 2 is larger than the cross-section available in the extended position. The folded position can be a position where one end of the last link 5b is in contact with the pivot shaft 6 between the preceding link and the link ahead of it in the direction of the first link 5a.

[0055] The extension position is a position of least deformation for the spring 10.

[0056] In the illustrated embodiments, the movable plate 9 is positioned above the last link 5b. It is possible to position the movable plate 9 between the last link 5b and the penultimate link. It is also possible to position the spring 10 with one end fixed to the movable plate 9.

[0057] Between the first link 5a and the last link 5b, it is advantageous to have central links. Preferably, the central links are all identical. The number of central links can vary in order to generate more or less friction.

[0058] Advantageously, the links 5 have hollow walls or holes for the passage of one or two pivot shafts. As illustrated in [Fig. 9], an "L"-shaped link has a first wall defining a lower through hole 5c for receiving one of the pivot shafts 6 and an upper through hole 5d for receiving a second of the pivot shafts 6. The lower through hole 5c of a reference link is positioned opposite the upper through hole 5d of a preceding link, and the upper through hole 5d of the reference link is positioned opposite the lower through hole 5c of a subsequent link. A preceding link is a link located closer to the first link 5a and a subsequent link is a link located closer to the last link 5b when moving along the coil.

[0059] It is also possible to have links 5 where the pivot shafts or part of the pivot shafts are intended to come into direct contact with the rope strand 2.

[0060] Figures 13, 14, 15 and 16 illustrate different possible embodiments for forming a channel in the form of a coil. The links 5 are shown in a fully extended configuration with spacing between the parts used to form the links 5 so as to better illustrate the interactions between the links 5.

[0061] Figure 13 illustrates the L-shaped links 5 shown in Figures 1 to 12. Figure 14 illustrates C-shaped links arranged end-to-end. Figure 15 illustrates an alternating arrangement of C-shaped and I-shaped links. Figure 16 illustrates I-shaped links whose ends are traversed by the pivot shafts 6. The embodiment illustrated in Figure 13 appears to be the most advantageous because it uses a large number of identical parts and provides a good balance between mechanical strength, efficiency, and compactness.

[0062] In a particular embodiment, the channel is formed by a plurality of links 5 that define a coil equipped with deformable turns to adapt the channel's cross-section to the requirements, particularly for friction. It is particularly advantageous to have links 5 in the shape of an "L" and where each link 5 is connected to the adjacent link 5 by a pivot joint defined by a pivot shaft 6 and where the main contact points operate independently of the following and / or preceding contact points depending on the longitudinal direction of the rope strand 2.

[0063] When the rope strand 2 seeks to lengthen the channel, each contact surface applies one or more forces to the links 5, which tend to deform the turns. In the embodiment illustrated in [Fig. 13], the contact surfaces between the rope strand 2 and the areas traversed by the pivot shafts 6 apply opposing forces around the two pivot axes of each link. This has the effect of introducing a frictional force that increases rapidly. Furthermore, with L-shaped links, the wall connecting the two pivot shafts 6 may be in contact with the rope strand 2, which introduces additional friction that acts to rotate the link 5.

[0064] Consequently, each contact surface with the rope works towards the same goal: increasing or decreasing the channel's cross-section. The channel is able to lock the rope after a slight displacement of the rope towards the last link 5b. The last link 5b, and more generally all the links arranged above it, The pivot shaft 6 of a reference link applies a force to the pivot shaft 6, which tends to bring the links 5 closer together so that they are all aligned. The force applied to the reference link aims to lock the rope. In addition to this force, the friction introduced by the rope strand 2 rubbing against the wall of the link through which the pivot shaft passes introduces a torque that is also directed to lock the rope strand 2.

[0065] In order to effectively modulate the channel cross-section and ensure efficient locking and unlocking, the channel has primary contact surfaces with the rope that are arranged alternately on one side and the other of the rope strand 2. The primary contact surfaces are formed by the walls of the pivot shafts 6 or by the walls of the links that separate the rope and the pivot shaft 6. Secondary contact surfaces may be formed by the walls of the arms that connect the pivot shafts 6. It is advantageous to limit the friction introduced by the secondary contact surfaces because the deformation of the channel has a weak effect on the secondary contact surfaces.

[0066] To ensure good transmission of forces between the rope and the channel, it is advantageous for the links 5 to have only one primary contact surface. Between two points, the two adjacent primary contact surfaces are movable by pivoting relative to each other.

[0067] In a coiled assembly, the turns move by pivoting around the pivot shafts. It is particularly advantageous for each link to lack a rigid connection between two primary contact surfaces. Preferably, each link 5 has a single primary contact area located between one of the two pivot shafts 6 and the rope strand 2. In addition to this primary contact surface, the link 5 may have at least one secondary contact surface on the wall of the arm connecting two pivot shafts 6. It is advantageous for at least one secondary contact surface in a link 5 to be fixedly mounted to the primary contact surface. The use of an L-shaped link allows for the formation of a link with a single primary contact surface and a single secondary contact surface.

[0068] This assembly is more advantageous than that of the device illustrated in [Fig. 15] or that marketed by the applicant under the name ZIGZAG, which consists of alternating annular links connected by plates in the manner of a bicycle chain. The two walls through which the consecutive pivot shafts 6 pass form a single unit. The two ends of the link receive opposing torques such that one torque promotes tightening while the other torque promotes loosening of the rope.

[0069] The configuration shown in [Fig. 13] is more advantageous than that used in the device marketed under the name "UNICENDER" by Rock Exotica, where all the pivot points are located on the same side of the channel. Modulating the active cross-section of the channel is more difficult, requiring a top link with a small cross-section to force deformation of the rope strand 2. This configuration is detrimental to efficient rope ascents.

[0070] Although the figures illustrate monolithic links in the shape of an "L" to facilitate the insertion of a rope midpoint, other shapes are possible, for example, monolithic links in the shape of a "C". The portion of link 5 through which the pivot axis passes with respect to the preceding adjacent link is fixedly mounted to the flange or both flanges intended to receive the pivot shaft 6 of the next link. It is then possible to form a configuration substantially identical to that of the ZIGZAG currently in operation, while being more sensitive to rope displacement within the channel. As mentioned above, "C"-shaped links, defining two primary contact surfaces per link, are less advantageous.

[0071] Figures 17, 18 and 19 illustrate configurations where the links 5 are mounted one behind the other to define annular links which are crossed by the rope strand 2.

[0072] Figures 17, 18, and 19 illustrate configurations where the channel is formed by a series of annular links. In other words, two pivot shafts are connected by two arms. The two arms and the two pivot shafts define the area intended to receive the rope strand 2. When the links are annular, it is advantageous for the body 1 to lack a groove for inserting a rope midsection and a movable flange 7.

[0073] In order to have a channel that transitions more quickly from a high-friction configuration to a low-friction configuration for a predefined displacement of the rope in the first hole passing through it, it is advantageous to use a contact surface with a non-circular cross-section. This embodiment is illustrated in Figures 1 to 12. The contact surface can be the wall of the link 5 through which the pivot shaft 6 passes and which is substantially parallel to the pivot axis. The contact surface can be the pivot shaft 6 when the latter is intended to be in contact with the rope strand 2. The contact surface is a portion of the wall that surrounds the pivot axis and is intended to be in contact with the rope.

[0074] When the contact surface has a circular cross-section in the portion traversed by the pivot shaft 6, the increase or reduction of the cross-section in the channel is defined solely by the pivoting of the links relative to each other, resulting in the pivot shafts 6 moving closer together or further apart. Conversely, by using links 5 where the contact surface is not circular, the pivoting of the links 5 relative to each other causes the pivot shafts 6 to move closer together or further apart, associated with a thickening or thinning of the wall of the link that is closest to the rope strand 2, i.e. the wall of the link that must make contact with the rope strand 2. In addition to the deformation of the turns, the wall thickness of the link 5 increases or decreases, which makes the channel more sensitive to the movements of the rope strand 2.

[0075] It is particularly advantageous that pivoting the link 5 to lengthen the channel simultaneously results in the introduction of a thicker link 5 wall delimiting the channel. Conversely, pivoting the link 5 to shorten the channel results in the introduction of a thinner link wall delimiting the channel. This configuration is particularly advantageous in rope ascents where the aim is to minimize descent after each ascent of the locking device along the rope. It is particularly advantageous that the primary contact surface is not circular. Rotating the primary contact surface allows the channel cross-section to be adjusted.

[0076] The thickness of the wall forming the link 5 can be varied by creating a flat surface or a partial groove 11, which is intended to define the cross-section of the channel when the channel is in the low-friction position. It is also possible to form a link wall with a protrusion. The protrusion is intended to define the channel when the channel is in the high-friction position.

[0077] In an advantageous embodiment, one or more central links are equipped with a limiter. The limiter is arranged to prevent the maximum pivoting of a central link relative to the immediately adjacent central link beyond a threshold position around the pivot shaft 6 they share. It is advantageous for the limiter to prevent two successive central links from being aligned; that is, the limiter prevents a straight line from passing through three pivot axes arranged consecutively along the longitudinal direction connecting the first link 5a to the last link 5b.The three pivot axes are the common pivot axis of the two central links that define the limiter, the pivot axis between one of the two central links and the pivot shaft 6 common with another link which is immediately after in the longitudinal direction of the channel and the common pivot axis between the other of the two central links and yet another of the links which is immediately after in the longitudinal direction of the channel.

[0078] The presence of the limiter prevents the two central links from being placed in a position that defines a hole for the passage of the rope and whose kinematics of The movement of the links 5 is not adapted to the forces to be supported. For example, when the links 5 are provided with an outgrowth, a flat or a partial groove 11, the direction of pivoting of the links 5 relative to each other modifies the ability to change the cross-section of the channel according to the pivoting of the links 5.

[0079] It is particularly advantageous for each pair of consecutive central links to be equipped with a limiter that defines the angular range of pivoting between the two consecutive central links. The presence of a limiter that prevents the alignment of central links facilitates the almost automatic storage of the links in a less bulky position corresponding to a channel with a large cross-section. In the absence of stress, the links tend to move closer together when the channel is positioned above the body 1. The risks of incorrect rope installation are reduced.

[0080] The maximum pivot angle can be defined to allow a rope with a diameter smaller than a recommended diameter range to be jammed. The closer the central links are to complete alignment, the smaller the usable rope diameter can be. By preventing the central links from being fully aligned, the risk of improper use is reduced, where the rope jam in the channel is primarily caused by the first link 5a. This prevents the links from being subjected to a less advantageous stress mode than with a rope of the recommended diameters. It is possible for all successive pairs of links to define a limiting factor.

[0081] The limiter can be formed by stops 12 which are present on the links 5 and which are in contact with each other to block the pivoting of the links relative to each other once the threshold position is reached.

[0082] Installing the rope in the locking device involves inserting the rope strand 2 into the first hole passing through the spool. The installation also involves inserting the rope strand 2 into the spool. The rope strand 2 is wound following the orientation of the turns so as to enter the spool.

[0083] When the rope strand 2 is moved along the direction extending from the first link 5a to the last link 5b, there is a tendency to lengthen the channel, which causes the rope strand 2 to become blocked. When the rope strand 2 is moved along the direction extending from the last link 5b to the first link 5a, there is a tendency to shorten the channel, which causes the rope strand 2 to become unblocked.

Claims

Demands

1. Rope locking device for locking a rope strand (2) comprising: - a body (1) having a hooking device (1b) for allowing attachment to a user and a first through hole (la) for the passage of a rope strand (2), the body (1) allowing lateral insertion of the rope strand (2) into the first through hole (la); - a channel having a first end hooked to the body (1) and intended to be passed through by the rope strand (2), the channel opening opposite the first through hole (la) and being deformable between a first position and a second position, the first position having an internal section smaller than an internal section in the second position;in which the channel has a plurality of links (5) defining at least a part of the channel, the links (5) being mounted consecutively one behind the other between a first link (5a) and a last link (5b), the links (5) being fixed consecutively two by two by pivot shafts (6) and mounted to pivot about pivot axes to modify the section of the channel; characterized in that the links (5) define a coil provided with a plurality of turns delimiting the channel, the coil being deformable by displacement of the turns relative to each other, each pivot shaft (6) allowing the pivoting of one of the two adjacent turns relative to the other about the pivot axis.

2. Rope locking device according to claim 1 in which the first link (5a) is hooked to the body (1), the first link (5a) being pivotally mounted with respect to the body (1) around a rotation shaft (5a') fixed to the body (1).

3. Rope locking device according to claim 2 in which the rotation shaft (5a') defines an axis of rotation which is parallel to the pivot axes between successive pairs of links.

4. A rope locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a movable plate (9) is fixed to the last link (5b) to form an openable ring defining a through passage intended to receive the rope strand (2), the movable plate (9) being movable by pivoting around a last axis of rotation parallel to the axis of pivoting between the last link (5b) and the previous link in the direction of the first link (5a).

5. Rope locking device according to claim 4 in which the last axis of rotation is collinear with the pivot axis of the last link (5b) with the previous link in the direction of the first link (5a).

6. Rope locking device according to any one of claims 4 and 5 wherein the last link (5b) has a folded position and an extended position, the through passage being arranged in alignment with the channel when the last link (5b) is in the folded position, wherein a spring (10) has a first end connected to the last link (5b) and a second end connected to a previous link in the direction of the first link (5a), the extended position being a position of least deformation for the spring (10).

7. A rope locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the body (1) is provided with a roller (3) and a movable flange (7), the movable flange (7) being pivotally mounted between an open position and a closed position, the open position allowing lateral insertion of the rope strand (2) into the first through hole (la), the closed position preventing lateral insertion of the rope strand (2) into the first through hole (la), the roller (3) and the movable flange (7) partially delimiting the first through hole (la), wherein the roller (3) is rotatably mounted about a rotation axis of roller (3), the first through hole (la) is disposed between the rotation axis of roller (3) and the hooking device (1b), and wherein the movable flange (7) is movable relative to the roller (3) about a rotation shaft of movable flange formed by the attachment device (1b).

8. Rope locking device according to claim 7 in which the body (1) has a lock (8) having a locking position and an unlocking position, the locking position prohibiting movement of the movable flange (7) out of the closed position, the unlocking position permitting movement of the movable flange (7) out of the closed position.

9. Rope locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein the links (5) have central links arranged between the first link (5a) and the last link (5b), the central links being identical, in the shape of "L" and fixed head-to-tail to form the turns.

10. Rope locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein the links (5) comprise central links connecting the first link (5a) and the last link (5b), the central links define at least one stop (12) limiting a maximum pivot angle of a central link with respect to an adjacent central link, the stop (12) prohibiting three pivot axes from being aligned, the three pivot axes comprising a pivot axis between said central link and said adjacent central link and pivot axes between said central link and another of the links (5) and between said adjacent central link and yet another of the links (5).

11. Rope locking method comprising the following steps: - providing a locking device according to one of the preceding claims and a rope strand (2); - introducing a rope strand (2) into the first through hole (la); - winding the rope from the channel into a coil by reproducing the turns; introducing the rope strand (2) into the coil.

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