Apparatus and methods for cellular processing
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-08
Smart Images

Figure US2024030913_28112024_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR CELLULAR PROCESSING BACKGROUND TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Embodiments of the invention relate generally to cellular processing, and, more particularly, to the filtration of cellular material utilizing magnetic beads. DISCUSSION OF ART
[0002] Cellular processing devices such as bioreactors, mixers, and fermenters are often employed to carry out biochemical and / or biological processes and / or manipulate liquids and other products of such processes. Such devices often include flexible or collapsible single‐use disposable bags / vessels that are supported by an outer rigid structure. The vessels are filled with the desired fluid for processing. The fluid within the vessles may require mixing or agitation to prevent settling of particulates at the bottom of the vessel which may be accomplished through the use of, for example, an impeller located proximate to a bottom surface of the vessel or a rocking platform.
[0003] Fluids typically introduced into vessels include liquids, such as cell culture media, serum, salt solutions, buffers, and water, as well as gases such as air, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, or mixtures thereof. As will be appreciated, fluids are added to establish and maintain suitable growth and / or reaction conditions for producing a product from cellular material within the vessel.
[0004] Sampling and analysis of cellular material from within the vessel is important to ensure conditions are optimal for growth. In particular, it may be desireable to sample and analyze cell culture media for metabolites / nutrients.
[0005] In other instances, sampling of cells present in the cell culture media may be desireable. Analysis or further processing of such cells may, however, require removal of cell culture media so the media does not undesireably enter downstream devices. The cell culture media may be discarded in these instances.
[0006] It is also often necessary to sample target proteins or other cell components in a vessel. This may involve the use of functionalized magnetic beads which bind to target proteins. The target proteins may then be removed from the beads and routed to a downstream device for analysis or further processing, e.g., purification.
[0007] Typically, separate devices and / or processes are needed to accomplish the above functions. In order to reduce equipments costs, increase efficiency, and for overall convenience, a need exists for a versatile apparatus for cellular processing that allows for filtration of cells and / or cell media from a sample of cellular material via magnetic beads, wherein the magnetic beads may also be functionalized to bind to target proteins or cell components within the sample. BRIEF DESCRIPTION
[0008] Certain embodiments commensurate in scope with the originally claimed subject matter are summarized below. These embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter, but rather these embodiments are intended only to provide a brief summary of the possible embodiments. Indeed, the disclosure may encompass a variety of forms that may be similar to or different from the embodiments set forth below.
[0009] According to an aspect of the invention, an apparatus for cellular processing includes a body portion having an inlet and an outlet and an interior cavity between the inlet and outlet, the interior cavity containing magnetic beads and configured to receive cellular material. The apparatus further includes a barrier within the inner cavity, the barrier configured to retain magnetic beads within the interior cavity, while allowing cellular material to pass through the barrier and out of the interior cavity, and at least one magnet in operative proximity to the body portion and configured to selectively apply a magnetic field to the interior cavity. A controller operatively connected to the at least one magnet is also included, the controller configured to selectively apply a magnetic field to the beads via the at least one magnet. In use, magnetic beads accumulate on a surface of the interior cavity to form a filter such that when cellular material passes through the body portion, cells are trapped within the interior cavity by the accumulated magnetic beads, while cellular material may pass through the barrier and outlet. The at least one magnet may selectively apply a magnetic field to disrupt the accumulated magnetic beads to allow previously trapped cells to pass through the barrier and outlet.
[0010] In an embodiment, the at least one magnet may be least one electromagnet in operative proximity to the body portion.
[0011] In an embodiment, the at least one electromagnet may be a first electromagnet and a second electromagnet, the first and second electromagnets located on opposite sides of the body portion, and the controller may be configured to alternatively magnetize the first and second electromagnets to release cells or cell components from the magnetic beads.
[0012] In an embodiment, the controller alternatively magnetizes the first and second electromagnets every five seconds.
[0013] In an embodiment, the at least one magnet may be a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, the first and second permanent magnets located on opposite sides of the body portion, and the controller may be configured to alternatively move the first and second permanent magnets toward and / or away from the body portion to selectively apply a magnetic field to the interior cavity.
[0014] In an embodiment, the controller may be configured to periodically reverse the polarity of the electromagnet to release cells or cell components from the magnetic beads.
[0015] In an embodiment, the magnetic beads may be not functionalized to bind to the cells.
[0016] In an embodiment, the magnetic beads may be functionalized to bind to a target protein or cell component.
[0017] According to another aspect of the invention, a method of cellular processing may include transferring cellular material into an interior cavity of a body portion of a cellular processing apparatus, via an inlet of the body portion, the interior cavity containing magnetic beads that are accumulated on a surface of the interior cavity, the barrier retaining the magnetic beads within the interior cavity while allowing the cellular material to pass through the barrier and through an outlet in the body portion. The method may further include retaining cells present in the cellular material within the interior cavity using the magnetic beads, and removing cellular material that has passed through the accumulated magnetic beads and the barrier from the interior cavity via the outlet.
[0018] In an embodiment, the method may include selectively applying a magnetic field to the interior cavity via at least one magnet in operative proximity to the body portion to disrupt the accumulated magnetic beads so that the cells retained within the accumulated magnetic beads may pass through the barrier, and removing the cells from the interior cavity via the outlet.
[0019] In an embodiment, the step of selectively applying a magnetic field to the interior cavity may include alternatively magnetizing first and second electromagnets to disrupt the accumulated magnetic beads, the first and second electromagnets being located on opposite sides of the body portion.
[0020] In an embodiment, the step of selectively applying a magnetic field to the interior cavity may include alternatively moving first and second permanent magnets toward and / or away from the body portion to disrupt the accumulated magnetic beads, the first and second permanent magnets being located on opposite sides of the body portion.
[0021] In an embodiment, the method may include analyzing the cell media after it has been removed from the interior cavity.
[0022] In an embodiment, the magnetic beads may be not functionalized to bind to the cells.
[0023] In an embodiment, the the magnetic beads may be functionalized to bind to target proteins or cell components, and the method may further include releasing the target proteins or cell components that are bound to the magnetic beads from the magnetic beads.
[0024] In an embodiment, the method may include removing the target proteins or other cell components from the interior cavity via the outlet, after they have been released from the magnetic beads.
[0025] In an embodiment, the method may include analyzing the target proteins or other cell components after they have been removed from the interior cavity.
[0026] Features which are described in the context of separate aspects and embodiments of the invention may be used together and / or be interchangeable. Similarly, features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be provided separately or in any suitable sub‐combination. DRAWINGS
[0027] The present invention will be better understood from reading the following description of non‐limiting embodiments, with reference to the attached drawings, wherein below:
[0028] FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic of a bioprocessing system that includes an apparatus for cellular processing according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0029] FIG. 2 is an illustration of an apparatus for cellular processing according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0030] FIG. 3 is an illustration of an apparatus for cellular processing according to an alternative embodiment of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] Reference will be made below in detail to exemplary embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference characters used throughout the drawings refer to the same or like parts.
[0032] While embodiments of the invention are described and depicted in connection with vessels and associated equipment used in bioprocessing, e.g., bioreactors and mixers, they are not limited to particular type of bioprocessing device or apparatus. Embodiments may be suitable for use with, for example, stirred tank or wave bioreactors, mixers, and fermenters. In certain embodiments, samples may not be drawn from tank or wave bioreactors, rather they may originate from a flask or other vessel. Embodiments may be utilized in connection with a wide variety of bioprocesses including cellular growth (cell expansion) generally, protein purification, and the like.
[0033] While embodiments are described for use in connection with biological or biochemical processing, embodiments may also be utilized in other industries where sampling and / or analysis of fluid (or materials within a fluid) is desirable. Similarly, embodiments may be utilized for a variety of purposes, e.g., assessing contaminants, growth media, metabolites, nutrient levels, etc., and are not limited in this regard.
[0034] Referring to FIG. 1, an apparatus 10 for cellular processing according to an embodiment of the invention is depicted in simplified schematic form. The apparatus 10 is configured to receive a sample of cellular material from a bioprocessing device (e.g., a stirred tank bioreactor 2). The cellular material may include cell media, cells, proteins and / or other cellular components. The apparatus 10 may be selectively connected to one or more downstream devices 4 for analysis / processing of the cellular material. Similarly, the apparatus 10 may be connected to one or more upstream devices, e.g., bioreactors or other sources of cellular materials, or sources of eluents, buffer, and the like.
[0035] As will be described in greater detail herein, the apparatus 10 may be used to receive a sample of cellular material from the bioreactor 2, trap cells from the sample in a filter of magnetic beads 6 within a body portion 12, while allowing the remaining cellular material (e.g., cell media, expressed proteins, cell fragments) to pass through the apparatus 10 to a downstream device 4. After the remaining cellular material has been removed, the trapped cells may be removed from the filter 6 by agitating the magnetic beads via one or more magnets 18, 19. The cells can then be passed back to the bioreactor 2, a waste container, or another device for analysis.
[0036] In embodiments, the magnetic beads may also be functionalized to bind to target proteins or other cellular components for subsequent elution and routing to a device for analysis or other process.
[0037] Referring now to FIG. 2, an embodiment of the apparatus 10 generally includes a body portion 12 that has an open inlet 14 and outlet 16 located on opposite ends of the body potion 12. The apparatus 10 further includes at least one magnet that is in operative proximity to the body portion 12, i.e., close enough to applying a magnetic field sufficient to disrupt the beads and free trapped cells. In the depicted embodiment, two electromagnets 18, 19 are utilized, with each electromagnet 18, 19 being located on an opposite side of the body portion 12.
[0038] The body portion 12 includes an interior cavity 20 that is located between the inlet 14 and outlet 16 and is configured to receive cellular material and contain magnetic beads. In embodiments, the inlet 14 and / or outlet 16 include hose barbs, threads, or other attachment mechanisms (on an interior or exterior surface) to allow tubing / fittings and the like to be removably secured to inlet 14 and outlet 16 of the body portion 12.
[0039] As depicted, the inlet 14 and outlet 16 may be equipped with fittings 21, which allow for the removable connection of tubing / fluid lines. While the fittings 21 are depicted as “fingertight” type threaded fittings, the invention is not limited in this regard and various other fittings may be employed.
[0040] As depicted, the body portion 12 may be generally cylindrical in shape, though other shapes are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. The body portion 12 may be manufactured from a variety of materials including polymers, glass, and the like, via additive processes, molding, and other techniques. In preferred embodiments, the material is sterilizable such that the cells or cellular material can be passed to the bioreactor 2 without compromising the sterility of the bioreactor 2.
[0041] In certain embodiments, the body portion 12 may be transparent or semi‐opaque such that a user can visualize cellular material, e.g., cell media, within the body portion 12 during use. The body portion 12 may further be graduated or volumetric and include one or more etchings or markings to define specific fill levels or sample volumes. In a specific embodiment, the body portion 12 has a 1ml capacity.
[0042] Referring again to FIG. 2, in an embodiment, the body portion 12 further includes a barrier 22 and magnetic beads 6. The barrier 22 is configured to retain the magnetic beads 6 within the interior cavity 20 while allowing cellular material to pass through the barrier 22 and out of the interior cavity. To this end, the barrier 22 includes one or more openings or apertures that are sized to retain magnetic beads within the interior cavity 20. As will be appreciated, the apertures will be smaller than the beads, and may be sized based on desired bead size / type. In an embodiment, the barrier 22 is a mesh filter or screen. The size and shape of the apertures may vary, and embodiments of the invention are not limited in this regard. Likewise, the barrier 22 may be manufactured from a variety of materials including polymers.
[0043] As shown, the barrier 22 is located in a position within the interior cavity 20 of the body portion 12 that is close to the outlet 16. In certain embodiments, the barrier 22 may be incorporated into or may be a part of the outlet 16 or may be part of a fitting that is secured to the outlet 16 during use.
[0044] The body portion 12 may be an assemblage of multiple components, e.g., the outlet 16 may be a separate component from the remainder of the body portion 12 such that, during manufacture, a barrier 22 may be placed within the interior cavity 20, and the outlet 16 may then be secured to the body portion 12 via a thermal weld or the like.
[0045] In certain embodiments, the barrier 22 may be removed / replaced to facilitate use of the apparatus 10 with larger or smaller beads, or beads that are functionalized to bind to specific target proteins or other cellular components. In such embodiments, a fitting (or the outlet itself) may be removably secured to the body portion 12 via a variety of attachment mechanisms, threads, press / snap fit, and the like, and may be selectively removed to access and replace the barrier 22.
[0046] In certain embodiments, the barrier 22 may be secured to or contact a shoulder or flange of the body portion 12 that extends into the interior cavity 20 to limit travel of the barrier 22 and fix it in place. The barrier 22 may also be melted / welded in place within the body portion 12. In other embodiments, the barrier 22 may be modular or otherwise removable / replaceable such that the body portion 12 can reused for subsequent bioprocessing campaigns. For large volumes, chromatography column packing procedures may be utilized to place the beads and / or barrier within the body portion 12, which may be at least partially automated.
[0047] As mentioned, the apparatus 10 further includes at least one magnet, which may be first and second electromagnets 18, 19 as depicted in FIG. 2. The first and second electromagnets 18, 19 are in operative proximity to the body portion 12, such that they may selectively apply a magnetic field to the interior cavity 20 to disrupt magnetic beads to allow previously trapped cells to pass through the barrier 22 and outlet 16.
[0048] In embodiments, the electromagnets 18, 19 are located on opposite sides of the body portion. As will be appreciated, the electromagnets 18, 19 need not physically contact the body portion 12, as long as they are close enough to disrupt the magnetic beads to free the trapped cells.
[0049] In a specific embodiment, the first and second electromagnets 18, 19 have a working voltage of 6V DC and a load weight of 1kg. The electromagnets 18, 19 have a circuit board 23 that allows for connection to a power source and to one or more controllers 17 configured to selectively magnetize the electromagents, such as, for example, an Arduino board.
[0050] As will be appreciated, the electromagnets 18, 19 may have different working voltages and load weights and may be used with various controllers and software without departing from the scope of the invention. Working voltages and load weights may be selected in view of various factors such as the size of the body portion 12 and / or quantity of beads, or other considerations. In certain embodiments, the controller 17 may be incorporated into the electromagnet and need not be a separate component.
[0051] Referring again to FIG. 2, the apparatus 10 may further include a housing 30 having an open interior 32 that is shaped to removably receive the body portion 12 as well as at least one magnet. In the depicted embodiment, the housing 30 accomodates the first and second electromagnets 18, 19 and related components, e.g., circuit boards 23 and cabling 25 . The housing 30 has openings 34 proximal to the inlet 14 and outlet 16 of the body portion 12 that allow for the connection of lines / tubing. At least one of the openings 34 also allows for the passage of wiring to power and / or control the electromagnets 18, 19.
[0052] As will be appreciated, the housing 30 may be manufactured from a variety of materials including polymers / plastics and may be additively manufactured or molded. The shape and form of the housing 30 may vary and the housing need not have a open interior 32. In embodiments, the housing 30 may be a substantially flat surface that the apparatus 10 is mounted or fixed to via fasteners or the like.
[0053] In use, a volume of cellular material is transferred into the body portion 12 from, for example, a bioreactor vessel, through the inlet 14. To accomplish this, a sample of cellular material may be withdrawn from the vessel and pumped or otherwise injected into the body portion 12. The volume withdrawn from the vessel (or other device) may vary based on whatever volume is necessary or optimal for the intended analysis or use of the sample.
[0054] In certain embodiments, the sample may be substantially the entirety of, for example, cells within a vessel, rather than a subset thereof. In other words, the apparatus may be used separate and route a population of cells, specific cell types, or other cellular components from a vessel to a downstream device where another process can be carried out.
[0055] In embodiments, the cellular material may be pushed through the body portion 12 using, for example, a pump. Cellular material is passed through the magnetic beads, which have accumulated in the interior cavity 20 forming a bed (which functions as filter 6), and through the barrier 22, and outlet 16. The cellular material may then be routed (e.g., pumped) to a downstream device 4 for analysis, such as a metabolite / nutrient analysis, or routed to a waste receptacle.
[0056] Once the cellular material, e.g., cell media, cell fragments, expressed proteins, has been removed, cells present in the cellular material remain trapped in the magnetic bead filter 6. In this manner, the magnetic beads function as a depth filter. In embodiments, the size of the bed of beads may vary based on function and / or volume of the body portion 12. For example, for sample preparation or process development, the bed may have a volume of about 1 ml to about 2 ml. For midstream filtering, the bed might be several liters in volume.
[0057] To remove the cells from the magnetic beads, the at least one magnet, e.g., the first and second electromagnets 18, 19, are selectively magnetized to physically move the magnetic beads, disrupting and freeing the trapped cells. In this way, the magnetic beads function as a depth filter than can be selectively activated / engaged.
[0058] In the embodiment of FIG. 2, this involves alternatively activating or toggling the first and second electromagnets 18, 19 to disrupt the beads and free the cells. In a specific embodiment, wherein the body portion had a 1 mL capacity, the first and second electromagnets 18, 19 were alternatively toggled on and off every 5 seconds, that is, one magnet was on for 5 seconds while the other was off and vice versa. Of course, the frequency and duration of the toggling may vary based on the volume of cellular material, the strength of the magnet, the volume of beads and other factors.
[0059] In certain embodiments, the apparatus 10 may include only a single electromagnet the polarity of which may be reversed to move the magnetic beads back and forth thereby dislodging the cells. In such embodiments, the polarity may be toggled with a frequency and duration based on the aforementioned factors.
[0060] Once freed from the magnetic beads, the cells may then be flushed out of the body portion 12 through the outlet 16 using, for example, a buffer solution introduced through the inlet 14. The cells may then be routed (e.g., pumped) to waste, back to the bioreactor or to a device for a subsequent processing or analysis.
[0061] In certain embodiments, the magnetic beads may be functionalized. That is, they may be configured to bind to specific proteins or other targeted cellular components present in the cellular materials. In such embodiments, after the cells have been removed from the interior cavity 20, the electromagnets 18, 19 are shut off, and target proteins or other cellular components bound to the magnetic beads may be removed via elution.
[0062] Once removed, the proteins / cellular components may be routed through the outlet 16 to a downstream device 4 for processing / analysis. In aspects of the invention, such functionalized beads may be repeatedly used until they are no longer capable of binding protein or other target components.
[0063] In embodiments, the above described processes for sampling, filtration, and routing of cells, cell media, and / or target proteins or other cellular components via magnetic beads may be automated. In such embodiments, the inlet 14 may be connected to an inlet fluid control manifold allowing for the selective introduction of samples (potentially from multiple bioreactors), buffer solutions, eluents, and the like. The outlet 16, in turn, may connected to multiple downstream devices (such as waste receptacles and analysis / processing devices) via an outlet fluid control manifold to selectively route cellular materials. In such embodiments, the inlet and outlet manifolds, as well as the at least one magnet, and any pumping devices, valves, etc. would be operatively connected to one or more controllers that would execute whatever the process, sampling source, etc., selected by a user.
[0064] As mentioned, the magnetic bead size may vary, and, in embodiments, relatively large beads having a particle size of 100 ‐ 200μm may be utilized. In other embodiments, the magnetic beads may have an average bead size of approximately 1μm. While embodiments may be particularly suitable for use with relatively large magnetic beads, the invention is not so limited, and smaller scale beads may potentially be utilized.
[0065] In certain embodiments, a mix of magnetic beads having different particle sizes may be utilized. By way of non‐limiting example, a mixture having particle sizes in a range of from about 20μm to about 200μm may be employed. By utilizing different particle sizes in the filter 6, cavities of various sizes may be created. This in turn, may allow for the entrapment of not only cells, but also smaller cell fragments / debris, or other materials having varying or disparate sizes.
[0066] In other embodiments, a single particle size may be employed. In such embodiments, particle size may be selected to trap specific cells or cellular material while allowing other material, that is small enough to pass through the cavities formed between beads, to exit through the barrier 22.
[0067] Likewise, beads may be functionalized via various surface structures (e.g., carboxylic groups, etc.) to bind to target cellular components.
[0068] In embodiments, the outlet 16 may be connected to multiple downstream devices via a fluid control valve (e.g., 3 or 4‐way valve) or a fluid control manifold to route cellular materials to various downstream devices.
[0069] Similarly, the inlet 14 may be coupled to a fluid control valve or manifold allowing the introduction of a variety of fluids from a variety of sources such as samples, buffer solutions and eluents without having to repeatedly connect fluid lines to the inlet 14. A manifold or the like may also allow the apparatus 10 to be fluidly connected to multiple bioreactors for sampling, analysis, and cellular material routing.
[0070] Referring now to FIG. 3, in certain embodiments, the apparatus 100 may utilize at least one permanent magnet that is moved towards or away from the body portion 112. In particular, first and second permanent magnets 118, 119 may be utilized. The first and second permanent magnets 118, 119 may be located on opposite sides of the body portion 112.
[0071] As shown, the first and second permanent magnets 118, 119 may be operatively connected or mounted to a track or guide 120 that defines a travel path for the magnets 118, 119 toward and / or away from the body portion 112. To this end, the guide 120 may have a channel extending along its length configured to receive a protrusion on the underside of the magnet 118, 119. The guide 120 may be mounted to a housing 130.
[0072] In embodiments, the magnets 118, 119 may be operatively connected to linear actuators 140 which can bidirectly move the magnets 118, 119 along the guides 120. As will be appreciated, the guides 120 need not be perpendicular to the body portion 112 as shown, but may be parallel or in various other orientations, as long as they are capable of moving the magnets 118, 119 in and out of operative proximity to the body portion 112, such that a magnetic field may be selectively applied to the beads to free cells trapped therein so that they may pass through the barrier 122.
[0073] Although described in connection with linear actuators, other mechanisms capable of moving the magnets relative to the body portion 112 may be employed without departing from the scope of the invention.
[0074] The linear actuators 140 (or other mechanisms) may be connected to one or more controllers (not shown) configured to alternatively move each of the the permanent magnets 118, 119 into magnetic contact with the beads to disrupt the magnetic beads to free trapped cells. As with the embodiment of FIG. 2, the rate and frequency of the movement may be based on the volume of cellular material, the strength of the magnet, the volume of beads and other factors.
[0075] In yet other embodiments, the body portion 112 itself may be moved toward or away from at least one magnet. In such embodiments, the body portion 112 itself may be moveably secured to a track / guide or other structure that defines a travel path toward and / or away from magnets 118, 119.
[0076] In certain embodments, magnets may not be utilized, rather a mechanical agitation device / shaker, may be employed to disrupt the beads.
[0077] Embodiments of the invention also contemplate a method of cellular processing. In an embodiment of the method, cellular material is transferred into the interior cavity of the body portion 12 of a cellular processing apparatus 10, via an inlet 14 of the body portion 12, the interior cavity containing magnetic beads that are accumulated on a surface of the interior cavity, the barrier 22 retaining the magnetic beads within the interior cavity 20, while allowing the cellular material to pass through the barrier and through the outlet 16 in the body portion 12.
[0078] The method further includes retaining cells present in the cellular material within the interior cavity 20 using the magnetic beads and removing other (e.g., unwanted) cellular material, including, but not limited to, cell media, cell fragments / debris, and expressed proteins, that has passed through the accumulated magnetic beads and the barrier 22 from the interior cavity 20 via the outlet 16.
[0079] The method further includes, after removing the cellular material in the previous step, the step of selectively applying a magnetic field to the interior cavity 20 via at least one magnet 18 in operative proximity to the body portion 12 to disrupt the accumulated magnetic beads so that the cells retained within the accumulated magnetic beads may pass through the barrier 22 and removing the cells from the interior cavity 20 via the outlet 16. In addition to cells, in embodiments, the disruption of the beads will also allow any trapped cellular material to pass through the barrier 22.
[0080] In embodiments, the step of selectively applying a magnetic field to the interior cavity 20 includes alternatively magnetizing first and second electromagnets 18, 19 to disrupt the accumulated magnetic beads, the first and second electromagnets 18, 19 being located on opposite sides of the body portion 12.
[0081] In other embodiments, the step of selectively applying a magnetic field to the interior cavity 20 includes alternatively moving first and second permanent magnets 118, 119 toward and / or away from the body portion 112 to disrupt the accumulated magnetic beads, the first and second permanent magnets 118, 119 being located on opposite sides of the body portion 112.
[0082] In embodiments, the method may further include analyzing the cellular material, e.g., media, after it has been removed from the interior cavity.
[0083] In certain embodiments, the magnetic beads are not functionalized to bind to the cells. In other embodiments, the magnetic beads are functionalized to bind to target proteins or cell components and the method further includes releasing the target proteins or cell components that are bound to the magnetic beads from the magnetic beads and removing the target proteins or other cell components from the interior cavity 20 via the outlet, 16, after they have been released from the magnetic beads.
[0084] The method may further include analyzing the target proteins or other cell components after they have been removed from the interior cavity 20.
[0085] In embodiments in which the beads are not functionalized, the method may include analyzing the passed cellular material, e.g., cell media and / or the cells. In embodiments where the beads are functionalized, the method may include analyzing the cellular material, e.g., media, the cells, and / or bound proteins or other cellular components.
[0086] As used herein, an element or step recited in the singular and proceeded with the word “a” or “an” should be understood as not excluding plural of said elements or steps, unless such exclusion is explicitly stated. Furthermore, references to “one embodiment” of the present invention are not intended to be interpreted as excluding the existence of additional embodiments that also incorporate the recited features. Moreover, unless explicitly stated to the contrary, embodiments “comprising,” “including,” or “having” an element or a plurality of elements having a particular property may include additional such elements not having that property.
[0087] While the dimensions and types of materials described herein are intended to define the parameters of the invention, they are by no means limiting and are exemplary embodiments. Many other embodiments will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description.
[0088] The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. In the appended claims, the terms “including” and “in which” are used as the plain‐English equivalents of the respective terms “comprising” and “wherein.”
[0089] Moreover, in the following claims, terms such as “first,” “second,” “upper,” “lower,” “bottom,” “top,” etc. are used merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical or positional requirements on their objects. Further, the limitations of the following claims are not written in means‐plus‐function format and are not intended to be interpreted as such, unless and until such claim limitations expressly use the phrase “means for” followed by a statement of function void of further structure.
[0090] This written description uses examples to disclose several embodiments of the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to practice the embodiments of invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to one of ordinary skill in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal language of the claims.
Claims
CLAIMS:
1. An apparatus for cellular processing (10) comprising: a body portion (12) having an inlet (14) and an outlet (16) and an interior cavity (20) between the inlet (14) and outlet (16), the interior cavity (20) containing magnetic beads (6) and configured to receive cellular material; a barrier (22) within the inner cavity, the barrier (22) configured to retain magnetic beads (6) within the interior cavity (20), while allowing cellular material to pass through the barrier (22) and out of the interior cavity (20); at least one magnet (18, 118) in operative proximity to the body portion (12) and configured to selectively apply a magnetic field to the interior cavity (20); and a controller (17) operatively connected to the at least one magnet (18, 19), the controller (17) configured to selectively apply a magnetic field to the beads (6) via the at least one magnet (18, 118); and wherein, in use, magnetic beads (6) accumulate on a surface of the interior cavity (20), to form a filter (6) such that when cellular material passes through the body portion (12), cells are trapped within the interior cavity (20) by the accumulated magnetic beads (6), while cellular material may pass through the barrier (22) and outlet (16); and wherein the at least one magnet (18, 118) may selectively apply a magnetic field to disrupt the accumulated magnetic beads (6) to allow previously trapped cells to pass through the barrier (22) and outlet (16).
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the at least one magnet (18, 118) is at least one electromagnet (18) in operative proximity to the body portion (12).
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the at least one electromagnet is a first electromagnet (18) and a second electromagnet (19), the first and second electromagnets (18, 19) located on opposite sides of the body portion (12); and wherein the controller (17) is configured to alternatively magnetize the first and second electromagnets (18, 19) to release cells or cell components from the magnetic beads (6).
4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the controller (17) alternatively magnetizes the first and second electromagnets (18, 19) every five seconds.
5. The apparatus (10) of claim 1 wherein the at least one magnet (18, 118) is a first permanent magnet (118) and a second permanent magnet (119), the first and second permanent magnets (118, 119) located on opposite sides of the body portion (12); and wherein the controller (17) is configured to alternatively move the first and second permanent magnets (118, 119) toward and / or away from the body portion (12) to selectively apply a magnetic field to the interior cavity (20).
6. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the controller (17) is configured to periodically reverse the polarity of the electromagnet (18) to release cells or cell components from the magnetic beads (6).
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the magnetic beads (6) are not functionalized to bind to the cells.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the magnetic beads (6) are functionalized to bind to a target protein or cell component.
9. A method of cellular processing comprising the steps of: transferring cellular material into an interior cavity (20) of a body portion (12) of a cellular processing apparatus, via an inlet (14) of the body portion (12), the interior cavity (20) containing magnetic beads (6) that are accumulated on a surface of the interior cavity (20), the barrier (22) retaining the magnetic beads (6) within the interior cavity (20), while allowing the cellular material to pass through the barrier (22) and through an outlet (16) in the body portion (12); retaining cells present in the cellular material within the interior cavity (20) using the magnetic beads (6); and removing cell material that has passed through the accumulated magnetic beads (6) and the barrier (22) from the interior cavity (20) via the outlet (16).
10. The method of claim 9 further comprising the steps of: selectively applying a magnetic field to the interior cavity (20) via at least one magnet (18, 118) in operative proximity to the body portion (12) to disrupt the accumulated magnetic beads (6) so that the cells retained within the accumulated magnetic beads (6) may pass through the barrier (22); and removing the cells from the interior cavity (20) via the outlet (16).
11. The method of claim 10 wherein the step of selectively applying a magnetic field to the interior cavity (20) includes alternatively magnetizing first and second electromagnets (18, 19) to disrupt the accumulated magnetic beads (6), the first and second electromagnets (18, 19) being located on opposite sides of the body portion (12).
12. The method of claim 10 wherein the step of selectively applying a magnetic field to the interior cavity (20) includes alternatively moving first and second permanent magnets (118, 119) toward and / or away from the body portion (12) to disrupt the accumulated magnetic beads (6), the first and second permanent magnets (118, 119) being located on opposite sides of the body portion (12).
13. The method of claim 9 further comprising the step of: analyzing the cell material after it has been removed from the interior cavity (20).
14. The method of claim 9, wherein the magnetic beads (6) are not functionalized to bind to the cells.
15. The method of claim 10, wherein the magnetic beads (6) are functionalized to bind to target proteins or cell components, and the method further comprising: releasing the target proteins or cell components that are bound to the magnetic beads (6) from the magnetic beads (6).
16. The method of claim 15 further comprising the step of: removing the target proteins or other cell components from the interior cavity (20) via the outlet (16), after they have been released from the magnetic beads (6).
17. The method of claim 16 further comprising the step of: analyzing the target proteins or other cell components after they have been removed from the interior cavity (20).