Shifting device for an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a shifting device (10) for an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle, comprising: - a drivable screw gear (18); - a transmission element (20) corresponding to the screw gear (18), wherein the transmission element (20) is coupled to a shift rod (22); and - the shift rod (22), which performs a shifting operation in the event of a movement of the transmission element (20) via the screw gear (18). (Figure 2)

Description

[0001] Switching device for an at least partially electrically powered motor vehicle

[0002] The invention relates to a switching device for an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle according to the applicable patent claim 1.

[0003] Drivetrains featuring corresponding shifting units are already known from automotive engineering. Today, the state of the art is that the corresponding shifting systems are driven by air pressure. However, future drivetrains for at least partially electrically powered vehicles will require electrically operated shifting units for shifting gears, differentials, or torque control.

[0004] EP 3 123 062 A1 relates to a transmission actuator for a motor vehicle transmission device having a plurality of gear ratios for forming gears, wherein the transmission actuator has a selector shaft which is rotatably mounted for shifting gears and axially displaceably mounted for selecting gears, and wherein the transmission actuator has a gate with a fixedly arranged first gate part and an axially displaceable and rotatably movable second gate part, wherein one gate part has grooves and webs alternating along one direction and the other gate part has at least one element which can interact with one of the webs and is movable into one of the grooves, wherein the at least one element is guided past the webs and grooves in a predetermined direction during a selection movement and is moved into one of the grooves during a shift movement.wherein an insertion bevel is provided at least on the webs or on the element, so that in the event of a collision between the element and the web during a switching movement, the movable gate part can be moved further over the insertion bevel in the specified direction of the selection movement and the switching movement can be continued, wherein essentially right-angled transitions are provided, so that in the event of a collision between the element and the web during the switching movement, the movable gate part cannot be moved against the selection movement, but the switching movement is stopped.

[0005] The object of the present invention is to design a switching device by means of which electrical switching is possible in an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle.

[0006] This object is achieved by a switching device according to the independent patent claim. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

[0007] One aspect of the invention relates to a shifting device for an at least partially electrically powered motor vehicle. The shifting device has at least one drivable worm gear and a transmission element corresponding to the worm gear, wherein the transmission element is coupled to a shift rod. Furthermore, the shifting device has the shift rod, which performs a shifting operation upon movement of the transmission element via the worm gear.

[0008] In particular, the switching device thus has three so-called sub-assemblies. A first sub-assembly is formed in particular by the worm drive, which is driven, for example, by an electric motor. The transmission element forms a further sub-assembly, which essentially forms a shaft and corresponds to the worm drive, wherein the shaft is fastened, for example, via corresponding bearings. The third assembly is formed, in turn, by the switching shaft or the switching rod, which is, for example, radially fixed and freely movable axially. The switching rod, in turn, is centered in the shaft. A guide pin can be inserted into the switching shaft and also into a spiral groove. When the drive begins to rotate, the worm gear, the corresponding transmission element, and thus the spiral groove move. The pin, in turn, guides the switching rod, for example, into a linear movement.

[0009] In particular, at least a linear movement with a high actuating force can be realized in a very small space, for example, driven by an electric motor. The actuating force can be scaled for each application, for example, by changing the gear ratio of the worm drive. Furthermore, a self-locking mechanism is provided by the self-locking worm drive.

[0010] According to an advantageous embodiment, an electric motor device for driving the worm gear is formed on the worm gear. This makes it possible, for example, for the switching device to be driven by electrical energy, in particular provided by an electrical energy storage device of the at least partially electrically powered motor vehicle. Shifting can thus be achieved via the motor device without air pressure and solely by the drive via the electric motor device. In particular, it should be noted that in addition to shifting a transmission, a differential or torque control can also be switched.

[0011] It is also advantageous if the transmission element has a helical recess, wherein a guide head of the shift rod is arranged in the helical recess for guiding the shift rod. In particular, by rotating the transmission element, the guide head can guide the shift rod accordingly, in particular, a linear movement of the shift rod can be induced. For example, it can then be provided that a corresponding correspondence, for example to a transmission, is formed at one end of the shift rod, thereby enabling reliable shifting.

[0012] A further advantageous embodiment provides for the transmission element to be designed with two roller bearings. In particular, the transmission element is fixed by the two roller bearings. This allows for a reliable switching movement.

[0013] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if the shift rod is radially fixed and axially freely movable. In particular, it is radially fixed, which prevents radial movement of the shift rod, especially in the transmission element. However, the axially freely movable design allows for a linear displacement of the shift rod, which in turn ensures reliable shifting.

[0014] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if the shift rod has at least one rotation lock at a first end of the shift rod, which is formed opposite a second end of the shift rod, wherein the second end is coupled to the transmission element at least in part. This prevents rotation of the shift rod, in particular beyond a threshold value or target position. For example, the rotation lock can then correspond to grooves within the transmission element and thus prevent further rotation of the shift rod. In particular, the switching device can thus be designed to be self-locking.

[0015] It is also advantageous if the transmission element comprises an element configured at least partially as a further worm gear, wherein the element configured as a further worm gear meshes with the worm gear. In particular, this makes it possible to provide a partial worm gear that corresponds to the worm gear. Rotation of the worm gear thus causes at least partial rotation of the transmission element based on the meshing of the two worm gears. This allows for a space-saving switching device.

[0016] A further advantageous embodiment provides for the worm gear to be held by a roller bearing and a needle bearing. This allows for reliable fixation of the worm gear in a space-saving manner.

[0017] It is further advantageous if the switching device is designed as a self-locking switching device. In particular, the switching device is thus self-locking due to the self-locking worm drive and remains in the desired position. In particular, the worm drive is thus self-locking.

[0018] Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if the shifting device is designed for an at least partially electrically powered truck. In particular, the truck can also be fully electric. The shifting device can thus be switched electrically, in particular, enabling reliable shifting of a truck, for example, with regard to a transmission and / or torque control and / or differential control.

[0019] A further aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle with a switching device according to the preceding aspect. The motor vehicle is at least partially electrically operated or fully electrically operated. The motor vehicle is preferably designed as a truck. Advantageous embodiments of the switching device are considered advantageous embodiments of the motor vehicle.

[0020] Further advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawings. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures, can be used not only in the respective specified combinations, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0021] Showing:

[0022] Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view according to an embodiment of the switching device;

[0023] Fig. 2 is a further schematic perspective view according to an embodiment of the switching device;

[0024] Fig. 3 is yet another schematic perspective view according to an embodiment of the switching device;

[0025] Fig. 4 is a schematic partial view of an embodiment of the switching device;

[0026] Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view according to Fig. 4;

[0027] Fig. 6 is a further schematic partial view according to an embodiment of the

[0028] switching device;

[0029] Fig. 7 is yet another schematic partial view according to an embodiment of the switching device;

[0030] Fig. 8 shows yet another schematic partial view according to an embodiment of the switching device; and Fig. 9 shows a schematic sequence diagram according to a switching process with the switching device.

[0031] In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

[0032] Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view according to an embodiment of a switching device 10. In the present embodiment, in particular an electric motor device 12 of the switching device 10, an adapter plate 14 and a housing 16 are shown.

[0033] Fig. 2 shows a further schematic perspective view according to the switching device 10 from Fig. 1, but without the housing 16. In the present embodiment, it is shown in particular that the switching device 10 is designed in three parts.

[0034] In particular, the switching device 10 has a drivable worm gear 18, which in this case is coupled in particular to the electric motor device 12. Furthermore, the switching device 10 has a transmission element 20 corresponding to the worm gear 18, wherein the transmission element 20 is coupled to a shift rod 22, and wherein the shift rod 22 performs a shifting operation upon movement of the transmission element 20 via the worm gear 18.

[0035] Furthermore, it is shown that the worm gear 18 has a needle bearing 24 and a roller bearing 26. Furthermore, the transmission element 20 also has a respective roller bearing 28, 30. Furthermore, it is shown that the transmission element 20 at least partially has an element 32 designed as a further worm gear. Furthermore, it is shown that the switching rod 22 has a rotation lock 34, which can also be designed as a roller bearing.

[0036] Fig. 3 shows a further perspective view according to an embodiment of the switching device 10. In Fig. 3, it is shown in particular that the transmission element 20 has a helical recess 36, wherein a guide head 38 of the shift rod 22 for guiding the shift rod 22 is arranged in the helical recess 36. Fig. 4 shows a schematic perspective view according to an embodiment of the transmission element 20. In the present case, the transmission element 20 is shown in particular without the shift rod 22.

[0037] Fig. 5 shows a schematic sectional view according to Fig. 4, additionally showing that a mounting hole 48 is formed on the transmission element 20. In particular, Figs. 4 and 5 show that the transmission element 20, which can also be referred to as a helical shaft, is particularly hollow and has two roller bearings 28, 30. Furthermore, the element 32, partially designed as a further worm gear, is shown. The transmission element 20 has yet further roller bearings 40, which are designed to guide the shift rod 22.

[0038] Fig. 6 shows a schematic perspective view according to an embodiment of the shift rod 22. In particular, Fig. 6 shows that the shift rod 22 has the rotation lock 34 at a first end 42 and can be coupled, for example, to a transmission at a second end 44 in order to carry out a corresponding shifting operation.

[0039] Fig. 7 shows, in particular, the transmission element 20 with the shift rod 22 in a first position P1, in which the shift rod 22 can, for example, engage a first gear. Fig. 8 again shows the transmission element 20 with the shift rod 22 in a second position P2. For example, a forward gear can be engaged in the first position P1 and a reverse gear can be engaged in the second position P2.

[0040] Fig. 9 shows in particular four steps according to a switching operation with the switching device 10.

[0041] In particular, in the upper left part, according to the first step S1, the switching device 10 is shown in the first position P1. In the second step S2, in particular, the electric motor device 12 begins to rotate. This rotation transmits this movement via the worm gear 18 to the transmission element 20, for example to the element 32 which is at least partially designed as a further worm gear. The worm gear 18 is held in particular by the needle bearing 24 and the roller bearing 26. In the third step S3, it is again shown that the switching rod 22 performs a linear movement 46 due to the helical recess 36. In order to prevent further rotation, the rotation locks 34 can again move, for example, into corresponding grooves on the transmission element 20. The fourth step S4 again shows the second position P2.The electric motor device 12 stops rotating and the angular position is in particular proportional to the axial movement of the shift rod 22.

[0042] In particular, Fig. 9 shows the switching device 10 with the three subassemblies. The worm gear 18 is driven by the electric motor device 12. The spiral shaft / helical shaft or the transmission element 20 is a hollow shaft with two bearing seats and a partial worm drive, which corresponds in particular to the element 32, which is at least partially designed as a worm gear, with a spiral groove, in particular the helical recess 36. The helical shaft is formed with the cut-out worm gear with the spiral groove. The helical shaft is fixed with two roller bearings 28, 30 or ball bearings. The shaft is supported by two ball bearings.

[0043] The third subassembly is the shift rod 22, which is radially fixed and axially freely movable. The shift rod 22 is centered in the transmission element 20. The transmission element 20 guides the shift rod 22 with two additional plain bearings, which are located, for example, in a bore. A guide pin is inserted into the shift rod 22 and also into the spiral groove, in particular the helical recess 36, of the transmission element 20. For this purpose, the shift rod 22 has an interface to the displaced element, for example, a shift fork. The guide pin transfers the force from the spiral groove to the shift rod 22. The rotation lock 34 is in particular again formed from two ball bearings, which are held by a bolt.

[0044] When the electric motor device 12 begins to rotate, the worm gear 18 moves, and thus the worm wheel and the spiral groove. The pin guides the shift rod 22 into a linear movement 46. The linear movement 46 is performed with a high actuating force in a small installation space driven by the electric motor device 12. The actuating force can be scaled to any application by changing the ratio of the worm drive. To prevent rotational movement, two bearings mounted at the end of the shift shaft or shift rod 22 run into a groove and allow only a slight rotational movement of the shift rod 22. In particular, the switching device 10 is thus self-locking due to the self-locking worm drive and, in particular, also self-locking and thus remains in the desired position. List of Reference Symbols

[0045] 10 Switching device

[0046] 12 electric motor

[0047] 14 Adapter plate

[0048] 16 housings

[0049] 18 worm gears

[0050] 20 translation element

[0051] 22 shift rod

[0052] 24 needle bearings

[0053] 26 roller bearings

[0054] 28 roller bearings

[0055] 30 roller bearings

[0056] 32 element designed at least partially as a further worm gear

[0057] 34 Rotation lock

[0058] 36 helical recess

[0059] 38 Guide head

[0060] 40 roller bearings

[0061] 42 first page

[0062] 44 second page

[0063] 46 linear movement

[0064] 48 mounting holes

[0065] P1 first position

[0066] P2 second position

[0067] S1-S4 process steps

Claims

Patent claims 1. Switching device (10) for an at least partially electrically operated Motor vehicle, comprising: - a drivable worm gear (18); - a transmission element (20) corresponding to the worm gear (18), wherein the transmission element (20) is coupled to a switching rod (22); and - the switching rod (22), which carries out a switching operation when the transmission element (20) moves via the worm gear (18).

2. Switching device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that an electric motor device (12) for driving the worm gear (18) is formed on the worm gear (18).

3. Switching device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transmission element (20) has a helical recess (36), wherein a guide head (38) of the switching rod (22) for guiding the switching rod (22) is arranged in the helical recess (36).

4. Switching device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission element (20) is designed with two roller bearings (28, 30).

5. Switching device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching rod (22) is radially fixed and is axially freely movable.

6. Switching device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching rod (22) has at least one rotation lock (34) at a first end (42) of the switching rod (22), which is formed opposite a second end (44) of the switching rod (22), wherein the second end (44) is coupled to the transmission element (20).

7. Switching device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission element (20) has an element (32) designed at least partially as a further worm gear, wherein the element (32) designed as a further worm gear engages with the worm gear (18).

8. Switching device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the worm gear (18) is held by a roller bearing (26) and a needle bearing (24).

9. Switching device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching device (10) is designed as a self-locking switching device (10).

10. Switching device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching device (10) is designed for an at least partially electrically operated truck.

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