Modular system for use in construction and method
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing modular construction systems for buildings with a small number of floors are complex and inefficient, as they are designed for larger structures and do not optimize load distribution effectively for buildings with up to three floors.
A modular system comprising galvanized reinforcement panels with insulating material and anchoring brackets, where panels are arranged vertically and horizontally with interconnecting nets and brackets to create a structurally sound and easily assembled framework, supported by a curbwise beam for load distribution.
The system simplifies construction, enhances structural integrity, and provides high thermal and acoustic insulation, while being environmentally friendly and suitable for buildings up to three floors, with improved resistance to compression and noise fractionation.
Smart Images
Figure IB2024053755_12122024_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] DESCRIPTION
[0002] MODULAR SYSTEM FOR USE IN CONSTRUCTION AND METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING A BUILDING
[0003] Technical field
[0004] The present invention relates to a modular system for use in construction and a method for constructing a building.
[0005] Prior art
[0006] Prefabricated systems of the beam-pillar type are known. A system of this type is described in document EP3884122 A1. The latter shows a vertical panel made of a layer of insulating material surrounded by a galvanized reinforcement. These components are flanked by a vertical reinforcement that is filled with hardening material to obtain a pillar and a horizontal reinforcement that is filled with hardening material to obtain a beam. The beam and the pillar perform the function of structural support and are essential in case a building is redeveloped with a large number of floors.
[0007] However, this solution proves to be complex for buildings with a small number of floors, where the total load borne by the system is contained in the extent. The need is therefore felt for a new modular system designed specifically for buildings with a reduced number of floors.
[0008] Object of the invention
[0009] In this context, the object of the present invention is to make available a modular system for use in construction and a method for constructing a building, which overcomes the drawbacks of the aforementioned prior art. In particular, the object of the present invention is to propose a modular system for use in construction and a method for constructing a building, which is constructively simple and easy, but which at the same time is suitable for use in buildings with up to three floors.
[0010] The stated technical task and the specified objects are substantially achieved by a modular system for use in construction, comprising: a first panel and a second panel, each panel in turn comprising a galvanized reinforcement defining a plurality of compartments filled with insulating material, thus obtaining a layer of insulating material; said galvanized reinforcement comprising a first net, a second net substantially parallel to the first and a third net transverse to the first two nets to join them; said first panel being arranged so as to have predominantly vertical extension, said second panel being arranged so as to have predominantly horizontal extension; an end of said second panel being superimposed on an upper end of said first panel; an angular net for interconnecting the second nets of the first panel and of the second panel; anchoring means between the first panel and the second panel, said anchoring means comprising:
[0011] - at least one first bracket inserted in the first panel and in the second panel at the respective first nets;
[0012] - at least one second bracket inserted in the first panel and in the second panel at the respective second nets.
[0013] In accordance with one embodiment, each bracket is fixed to the respective nets.
[0014] In accordance with one embodiment, the bracket in the panel is interposed between the layer and the net.
[0015] Preferably, for each panel the layer of insulating material has a first surface at the first net and a second surface at the second net. The first surface has a pattern defining a plurality of first recesses. The second surface has a pattern defining a plurality of second recesses.
[0016] In accordance with one embodiment, the first bracket is inserted in the first panel and in the second panel at one of the respective first recesses and the second bracket is inserted in the first panel and in the second panel at one of the respective second recesses.
[0017] Preferably, the bracket is substantially L-shaped.
[0018] In accordance with one embodiment, the modular system comprises a substantially horizontal beam arranged curbwise between the first panel and the second panel. The beam comprises an iron reinforcement defining a second substantially horizontal niche filled with hardening material.
[0019] The stated technical task and specified objects are substantially achieved by a combined method for constructing a building, comprising the steps of: providing a first panel and a second panel, each panel in turn comprising: a galvanized reinforcement defining a plurality of compartments filled with insulating material, thus obtaining a layer of insulating material; said galvanized reinforcement comprising a first net arranged on one side of the layer, a second net substantially parallel to the first and arranged on the opposite side of the layer, and a third net transverse to the first two nets to join them; arranging the first panel such that it extends predominantly vertically; arranging the second panel such that it extends substantially horizontally; inserting the first bracket inside the second panel such that it is at the first net; inserting the second bracket inside the second panel such that it is at the second net; mounting the second panel on the first panel, said step taking place by positioning through superposition the second panel on the upper end of the first panel and by inserting the first bracket and the second bracket inside the first panel in such a way that they are located respectively at the first net and the second net. positioning an angular net and connecting it to the second nets of the first panel and of the second panel.
[0020] In one embodiment of the method, the bracket is inserted between the layer and the respective net.
[0021] Preferably, for each panel the layer of insulating material has a first surface at the first net and a second surface at the second net, said first surface having a pattern defining a plurality of first recesses, said second surface having a pattern defining a plurality of second recesses. In one embodiment of the method, the first bracket is inserted in the first panel and in the second panel at one of the respective first recesses; the second bracket is inserted in the first panel and in the second panel at one of the respective second recesses.
[0022] Brief description of the drawings
[0023] Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the indicative and thus non-limiting description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of a modular system for use in construction and a method for constructing a building, as schematically illustrated in the appended drawings, in which:
[0024] - figure 1 illustrates a part (panel) of a modular system for use in construction, according to the present invention, in perspective view;
[0025] - figure 2 illustrates a perspective exploded view of a modular system for use in construction, according to the present invention, to be cast in-situ;
[0026] - figure 3 illustrates a sectional view of a part (junction zone between first panel and second panel) of the modular system of figure 2, already cast;
[0027] - figure 4 illustrates a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the part (junction zone between first panel and second panel) of figure 3.
[0028] Detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention
[0029] With reference to the figures, number 1 indicates a modular system to be cast in-situ, for use in construction. In the following it will be simply referred to as a "modular system".
[0030] The modular system 1 comprises at least a first panel 10 and a second panel 20.
[0031] Each panel 10, 20 comprises a galvanized reinforcement 3 defining a plurality of compartments 4 filled with insulating material, thus obtaining a layer 14 of insulating material. The galvanized reinforcement 3 comprises a first net 3a, a second net 3b parallel to the first net 3a and a third net 3c transverse to the first two nets 3a, 3b to join them. In this way, the galvanized reinforcement 3 defines a cage. Preferably, the wires of the first net 3a are spaced from each other by a value comprised between 50 and 90 millimetres.
[0032] Preferably, the wires of the second net 3b are spaced from each other by a value comprised between 100 and 300 millimetres.
[0033] Preferably, the third net 3c is orthogonal to the first two nets 3a, 3b.
[0034] Preferably, the third net 3c has a density of 16 or 32 pieces per square metre.
[0035] The first net 3a can also be identified as an internal net as in use it will face the living area of the building, i.e. the interior. The second net 3b, instead, can be identified as the external net in opposition to the first net 3a.
[0036] The third net 3c is preferably welded to the first two nets 3a, 3b. Preferably, each of the wires that constitute the third net 3c has the ends bent as a reinforcement for the welds. The advantage of such bending is to make the entire cage stronger.
[0037] The reinforcement 3 is to be plastered.
[0038] Preferably, the first net 3a is located on one side of the layer 14 and the second net 3b is located on the opposite side of the layer 14.
[0039] The layer 14 of insulating material has a first surface 140 at the first net 3a and a second surface 141 at the second net 3b. For the same reasons, the first surface 140 can be identified as internal and the second surface 141 as external.
[0040] Preferably, the internal surface 140 has a pattern defining a plurality of first recesses 142.
[0041] Preferably, the external surface 141 has a pattern defining a plurality of second recesses 143.
[0042] Preferably, the first recesses 142 and the second recesses 143 are offset from each other.
[0043] In the embodiment described and illustrated herein, the first recesses 142 and / or the second recesses 143 have a trapezoidal profile in such a way as to define a corrugated type pattern. In an alternative embodiment (not illustrated), the first recesses 142 and / or the second recesses 143 have a rounded profile.
[0044] In an alternative embodiment (not illustrated), the first recesses 142 and / or the second recesses 143 have a square profile.
[0045] Preferably, the insulating material inserted in the compartments 4 is high- density polystyrene, more preferably sintered expanded polystyrene. In particular, the density of the polystyrene can have values comprised between 10 kg / m3and 80 kg / m3Alternatively, synthetic or natural, expanded or non-expanded, polymers can be used.
[0046] The thickness of the insulating material goes from about 10 cm to about 100 cm, as a function of the structural requirements for calculating the reinforcements and the thermal / acoustic insulation required.
[0047] Preferably, both panels 10, 20 are identical modules, the difference lies in the way they are employed, as will be better described below.
[0048] The first panel 10 is arranged so as to have predominantly vertical extension. This means that the first panel 10 extends along a plane with a predominantly vertical component.
[0049] Preferably, the first panel 10 is vertical.
[0050] The second panel 20 is arranged so as to have predominantly horizontal extension. This means that the second panel 10 extends on a plane with a predominantly horizontal component.
[0051] Preferably, the second panel 20 is horizontal.
[0052] An end of the second panel 20 is superimposed on an upper end of the first panel 10.
[0053] The modular system 1 comprises an angular net 30 interconnecting the second nets 3b of the first panel 10 and of the second panel 20 to each other. In particular, the angular net 30 comprises a vertical net 30a and a horizontal net 30b joined together at a vertex.
[0054] The modular system 1 comprises anchoring means 40 between the first panel 10 and the second panel 20. The anchoring means comprises at least one first bracket 41 . The first bracket 41 is inserted in the first panel 10 and in the second panel 20 at the respective first nets 3a. In other words, the first bracket 41 extends between a first end 41a inserted in the first panel 10 at the first net 3a and a second end 41 b inserted in the second panel 20 at the first net 3a.
[0055] The anchoring means comprises at least one second bracket 42. The second bracket 42 is inserted in the first panel 10 and in the second panel 20 at the respective second nets 3b. In other words, the second bracket 42 extends between a first end 42a inserted in the first panel 10 at the second net 3b and a second end 42b inserted in the second panel 20 at the second net 3b.
[0056] Preferably, each bracket 41 , 42 is tied to respective nets 3a, 3b. In particular, the first bracket 41 is tied to the first nets 3a of the first panel 10 and of the second panel 20.
[0057] In particular, the second bracket 42 is tied to the second nets 3b of the first panel 10 and of the second panel 20.
[0058] Preferably, the bracket 41 , 42 is located in the panel 10, 20 interposed between the layer 14 and the net 3a, 3b.
[0059] In particular, in the first panel 10 the first bracket 41 is located interposed between the layer 14 and the first net 3a. In the second panel 20 the first bracket 41 is located interposed between the layer 14 and the first net 3a.
[0060] In particular, in the first panel 10 the second bracket 42 is located interposed between the layer 14 and the second net 3b. In the second panel 20 the second bracket 42 is located interposed between the layer 14 and the second net 3b.
[0061] Preferably, the first bracket 41 is inserted in the first panel 10 at one of the first recesses 142 of the layer 14. Preferably, the first bracket 41 is inserted in the second panel 20 at one of the first recesses 142 of the layer 14.
[0062] Preferably, the second bracket 42 is inserted in the first panel 10 at one of the second recesses 143 of the layer 14. Preferably, the second bracket 42 is inserted in the second panel 20 at one of the second recesses 143 of the layer 14 of the second panel.
[0063] Preferably, the bracket 41 , 42 has a substantially L-shaped extension. In other words, the bracket 41 , 42 comprises a first portion at least partially inserted in the first panel 10 and a second portion at least partially inserted in the second panel 20. The first portion and the second portion are substantially orthogonal to each other.
[0064] Preferably, the bracket 41 , 42 is composed of two L-shaped plates.
[0065] Alternatively, the bracket 41 , 42 can be made of knurled rod (for example, with a diameter comprised between 8 and 25 mm) with a substantially L- shape.
[0066] The minimum condition is the presence of at least one first bracket 41 and at least one second bracket 42. The number of brackets 41 , 42 to be used depends on the structural calculations on a case-by-case basis.
[0067] Preferably, the modular system 1 comprises a substantially horizontal beam 50 arranged curbwise between the first panel 10 and the second panel 20. The beam 50 comprises an iron reinforcement 51 defining a substantially horizontal niche 52 filled with hardening material. Preferably, the niche 52 has a parallelepiped-shaped extension such that the beam 50 is rectangular or square in section.
[0068] The curb beam has the function of distributing the load evenly on the vertical modules (i.e. the first panels 10).
[0069] The hardening material is cement or concrete. Alternatively, it is possible to use facade plaster with basalt fibres as a reinforcement.
[0070] In other words, the invention concerns a modular system 1 cast in-situ, with panels with a double net joined by welded and folded crossbars, for ensuring the mechanical hold of the reinforcement, in which the vertical and horizontal panels are anchored to each other by one or more pairs of brackets.
[0071] In particular, in a standard situation the height of the first panel 10 defines the height of the interfloor gap. The second panel 20 marks the beginning of another interfloor gap. The panels 10, 20 will then be plastered in the nets 3a, 3b, for example with structural spray grout.
[0072] A method for constructing a building, subject-matter of the present invention, is described below.
[0073] The method comprises a step of providing a first panel 10 and a second panel 20.
[0074] Each panel 10, 20 comprises a galvanized reinforcement 3 defining a plurality of compartments 4 filled with insulating material, thus obtaining a layer 14 of insulating material. The galvanized reinforcement 3 comprises a first net 3a, a second net 3b parallel to the first net 3a and a third net 3c transverse to the first two nets 3a, 3b to join them. In this way, the galvanized reinforcement 3 defines a cage.
[0075] Preferably, the wires of the first net 3a are spaced from each other by a value comprised between 50 and 90 millimetres.
[0076] Preferably, the wires of the second net 3b are spaced from each other by a value comprised between 100 and 300 millimetres.
[0077] Preferably, the third net 3c is orthogonal to the first two nets 3a, 3b.
[0078] Preferably, the third net 3c has a density of 16 or 32 pieces per square metre.
[0079] The first net 3a can also be identified as an internal net as in use it will face the living area of the building, i.e. the interior. The second net 3b, instead, can be identified as the external net in opposition to the first net 3a.
[0080] The third net 3c is preferably welded to the first two nets 3a, 3b. Preferably, each of the wires that constitute the third net 3c has the ends bent as a reinforcement for the welds. The advantage of such bending is to make the entire cage stronger.
[0081] The reinforcement 3 is to be plastered.
[0082] Preferably, the first net 3a is located on one side of the layer 14 and the second net 3b is located on the opposite side of the layer 14.
[0083] The layer 14 of insulating material has a first surface 140 at the first net 3a and a second surface 141 at the second net 3b. For the same reasons, the first surface 140 can be identified as internal and the second surface 141 as external.
[0084] Preferably, the internal surface 140 has a pattern defining a plurality of first recesses 142.
[0085] Preferably, the external surface 141 has a pattern defining a plurality of second recesses 143.
[0086] Preferably, the first recesses 142 and the second recesses 143 are offset from each other.
[0087] In the embodiment described and illustrated herein, the first recesses 142 and / or the second recesses 143 have a trapezoidal profile in such a way as to define a corrugated type pattern.
[0088] In an alternative embodiment (not illustrated), the first recesses 142 and / or the second recesses 143 have a rounded profile.
[0089] In an alternative embodiment (not illustrated), the first recesses 142 and / or the second recesses 143 have a square profile.
[0090] Preferably, the insulating material inserted in the compartments 4 is high- density polystyrene, more preferably sintered expanded polystyrene. In particular, the density of the polystyrene can have values comprised between 10 kg / m3and 80 kg / m3Alternatively, synthetic or natural, expanded or non-expanded, polymers can be used.
[0091] The thickness of the insulating material goes from about 10 cm to about 100 cm, as a function of the structural requirements for calculating the reinforcements and the thermal / acoustic insulation required.
[0092] Preferably, both panels 10, 20 are identical modules, the difference lies in the way they are employed, as will be better described below.
[0093] The method comprises a step of arranging the first panel 10 such that it extends predominantly vertically.
[0094] The method comprises a step of arranging the second panel 20 such that it extends predominantly horizontally.
[0095] The method comprises a step of inserting the first bracket 41 inside the second panel 20 such that it is at the first net 3a.
[0096] The method comprises a step of inserting the second bracket 42 inside the second panel 20 such that it is at the second net 3b.
[0097] The method comprises a step of mounting the second panel 20 on the first panel 10. This mounting takes place by positioning through superposition the second panel 20 on the upper end of the first panel 10 and by inserting the first bracket 41 and the second bracket 42 inside the first panel 10 in such a way that they are located respectively at the first net 3a and the second net 3b.
[0098] It can be noted that the step of inserting the first bracket 41 , i.e. the internal bracket, inside the second panel 20 takes place before the mounting on the first panel 10.
[0099] The method comprises a step of positioning an angular net 30 and connecting it to the second nets 3b of the first panel 10 and of the second panel 20. In particular, the angular net 30 is connected, i.e. tied, to two opposite ends respectively to the second net 3b of the first panel 10 and to the second net 3b of the second panel 20.
[0100] Once the angular net 30 is positioned, the structure is ready to receive hardening material (e.g., spray structural grout) in the vertical external zone (from the side of the second net 3b) and subsequently in the horizontal external zone (from the side of the second net 3b). The area inside the panels 10, 20 (therefore from the side of the first net 3a) is ready for the electrical and hydraulic system, after which it will be possible to spray grout internally. Finishes, tiles, windows, etc. will be laid in the last step.
[0101] Preferably, the bracket 41 , 42 is inserted in such a way as to be located between the layer 14 and the net 3a, 3b.
[0102] In particular, in the first panel 10 the first bracket 41 is located interposed between the layer 14 and the first net 3a. In the second panel 20 the first bracket 41 is located interposed between the layer 14 and the first net 3a.
[0103] In particular, in the first panel 10 the second bracket 42 is located interposed between the layer 14 and the second net 3b. In the second panel 20 the second bracket 42 is located interposed between the layer 14 and the second net 3b.
[0104] Preferably, the first bracket 41 is inserted in the first panel 10 at one of the first recesses 142 of the layer 14.
[0105] Preferably, the first bracket 41 is inserted in the second panel 20 at one of the first recesses 143 of the layer 14.
[0106] Preferably, the second bracket 42 is inserted in the first panel 10 at one of the second recesses 143 of the layer 14.
[0107] Preferably, the second bracket 42 is inserted in the second panel 20 at one of the second recesses 143 of the layer 14.
[0108] From the description provided, the features of the modular system for use in construction and the method for constructing a building, according to the present invention, are clear, as are the advantages.
[0109] In particular, the combination of panels made like a cage, with two nets joined transversely by a third one passing through a layer of insulating material, and of the proposed anchoring means allows to create a modular system that is able to support buildings with a maximum number of floors equal to three. This solution is constructively simpler than the described prior art.
[0110] In addition, the proposed solution speeds up and simplifies laying operations compared to the prior art.
[0111] In addition, the proposed solution is modular in that the panels are modules. This allows a unified production standard to be obtained.
[0112] The proposed solution allows to obtain an anti-humidity, anticondensation, anti-mold, anti-seismic, shatter-proof, anti-tornado structure, with high thermal and acoustic insulation.
[0113] In addition, it does not produce pollution for the environment.
[0114] In addition, housing health is high.
[0115] Furthermore, the layer recesses of insulating material allow the generation of micro-columns, for example in grout. The offset construction of the recesses on the two sides results in greater resistance to compression and shatter, as well as better noise fractionation, making the wall more soundproof.
[0116] In addition, the insertion of the brackets in the recesses increases the structural hold of the proposed system.
Claims
CLAIMS1 . A modular system (1 ) for use in construction, comprising: a first panel (10) and a second panel (20), each panel (10, 20) in turn comprising a galvanized reinforcement (3) defining a plurality of compartments (4) filled with insulating material, thus obtaining a layer (14) of insulating material; said galvanized reinforcement (3) comprising a first net (3a), a second net (3b) substantially parallel to the first one and a third net (3c) transversal to the first two nets (3a, 3b) to join them; said first panel (10) being arranged so as to have predominantly vertical extension, said second panel (20) being arranged so as to have predominantly horizontal extension; an end of said second panel (20) being superimposed on an upper end of said first panel (10); an angular net (30) for interconnecting the second nets (3b) of the first panel (10) and of the second panel (20); anchoring means (40) between the first panel (10) and the second panel (20), said anchoring means (40) comprising:- at least one first bracket (41 ) inserted in the first panel (10) and in the second panel (20) at the respective first nets (3a);- at least one second bracket (42) inserted in the first panel (10) and in the second panel (20) at the respective second nets (3b).
2. The modular system (1 ) according to claim 1 , wherein each bracket (41 , 42) is fixed to the respective nets (3a, 3b).
3. The modular system (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bracket (41 , 42) in the panel (10, 20) is interposed between the layer (14) and the net (3a, 3b).
4. The modular system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein for each panel (10, 20) the layer (14) of insulating material has a first surface (140) at the first net (3a) and a second surface (141 ) at the second net (3b), said first surface (141 ) having a pattern defining a plurality of first recesses (142), said second surface having a patterndefining a plurality of second recesses (143).
5. The modular system (1) according to claim 4, wherein the first bracket (41 ) is inserted in the first panel (10) and in the second panel (20) at one of the respective first recesses (141 ) and wherein the second bracket (42) is inserted in the first panel (10) and in the second panel (20) at one of the respective second recesses (142).
6. The modular system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the bracket (41 , 42) is substantially L-shaped.
7. The modular system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a substantially horizontal beam (50) arranged curbwise between the first panel (10) and the second panel (20), said beam (50) comprising an iron reinforcement (41 ) defining a second substantially horizontal niche (42) filled with hardening material.
8. A method for constructing a building, comprising the steps of: providing a first panel (10) and a second panel (20), each panel (10, 20) in turn comprising a galvanized reinforcement (3) defining a plurality of compartments (4) filled with insulating material, thus obtaining a layer (14) of insulating material; said galvanized reinforcement (3) comprising a first net (3a), a second net (3b) substantially parallel to the first and a third net (3c) transversal to the first two nets (3a, 3b) to join them; arranging the first panel (10) such that it extends mainly vertically; arranging the second panel (20) such that it extends substantially horizontally; inserting the first bracket (41 ) inside the second panel (20) such that it is at the first net (3a); inserting the second bracket (42) inside the second panel (20) such that it is at the second net (3b); mounting the second panel (20) on the first panel (10), said step taking place by positioning through superposition the second panel (20) on the upper end of the first panel (10) and by inserting the first bracket (41) and the second bracket (42) inside the first panel (10) in such a way that theyare located respectively at the first net (3a) and the second net (3b). positioning an angular net (30) and connecting it to the second nets (3b) of the first panel (10) and of the second panel (20).
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the bracket (41 , 42) is inserted between the layer (14) and the respective net (3a, 3b).
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein for each panel (10, 20) the layer (14) of insulating material has a first surface (140) at the first net (3a) and a second surface (141 ) at the second net (3b), said first surface (141 ) having a pattern defining a plurality of first recesses (142), said second surface having a pattern defining a plurality of second recesses (143), said first bracket (41 ) being inserted in the first panel (10) and in the second panel (20) at one of the respective first recesses (141 ), said second bracket (42) being inserted in the first panel (10) and in the second panel (20) at one of the respective second recesses (142).