A microwave carbonization assembly and method for extracting components from rubber

Abstract

A method for extracting valuable resources from rubber, particularly tyre-derived rubber, is disclosed. The present method utilizes a continuous, or a series of, microwave chamber(s), whereby various temperature ranges are applied to distil off vapours of different hydrocarbons according to their selected decomposing signatures from the rubber. These vapours are cooled and condensed according to their desired type of hydrocarbons. The residue of carbon collected as a solid is a continuous process and the carbon can be activated into biochar. The microwave chamber(s) equipment operates under negative pressure to provide safety and prevent exhaust pollution to the atmosphere. Obtained materials from the process can be utilized to generate the energy to power the tyre recycling process.

Description

[0001] A MICROWAVE CARBONIZATION ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTING COMPONENTS FROM RUBBER

[0002] PRIORITY CLAIM

[0003] This application claims the benefit of the filing date of United States Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 507,965, filed June 13, 2023, for “A MICROWAVE CARBONIZATION ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTING COMPONENTS

[0004] FROM RUBBER,” the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety by this reference.

[0005] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0006] The present disclosure relates to the field of recycling. Particularly, the present disclosure relates to the field of extracting components from rubber. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to extracting gas, diesel, oils and char from rubber.

[0007] BACKGROUND

[0008] Any reference to background art herein is not to be construed as an admission that such art constitutes common general knowledge in Australia or elsewhere.

[0009] Basic rubber compounds contain natural and / or synthetic rubber. Rubber is utilized in many everyday products (such as tyres). The major components and ingredients of tyres are natural latex and synthetic rubber, mineral oils, carbon black, vulcanizing agents, accelerators and silica fillers (among other variable additives).

[0010] Many methods have been attempted to recycle rubber, such as that in tyres, to extract the useful components and ingredients therefrom. One such method includes pyrolysis. Pyrolysis is the thermochemical decomposition of organic material at elevated temperatures. However, during pyrolysis volatiles are released into the atmosphere and the resultant materials (char, syngas and / or oils) are of poor quality. Pyrolysis also results in the production of low-quality oil and oxidized heavy metal laden carbon. The resultant products typically contain heavy metals (such as mercury, beryllium, lead, cadmium, selenium, manganese, zinc, chromium and the like). Additionally, toxic substances such as dioxin, carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide are exhausted into the atmosphere which is obviously detrimental to the environment, and this method is not an ideal source of “green energy.”

[0011] Another challenge associated with pyrolysis is environmental compliance and operational safety. In this regard, oxygen can be freed up during heating from the tyres and this can cause hydrocarbons oxidise to combust and produce problematic greenhouse gases of nitric / sulphur / carbon oxides, ozone, fluorinated gases, methane, sulphur hexafluoride etc.

[0012] It would be advantageous to address one or more of the above issues and / or to provide the consumer with a commercial alternative to the available solutions known to the inventor.

[0013] DISCLOSURE

[0014] In a first aspect, although it need not be the only or indeed the broadest aspect, the disclosed subject matter encompasses a carbonization assembly comprising: a, or a plurality of microwave chamber(s), the / each microwave chamber having a stationary outer tube and a rotatable inner tube, wherein a plurality of magnetrons are located about the outer tube; a feed inlet connected adjacent or at a first end of the, or the first, microwave chamber; a char outlet connected adjacent or at a second end of the, or one of the, microwave chamber(s); wherein the, or each, microwave chamber is adapted to remove volatile components.

[0015] In a second aspect, although again it need not be the only or indeed the broadest aspect, the disclosed subject matter encompasses a carbonization assembly comprising: a, or a plurality of microwave chamber(s), the / each microwave chamber having a, or a plurality of, conveyor belt(s) located within the microwave chamber(s); a feed inlet connected adjacent or at a first end of the, or the first, microwave chamber; a char outlet connected adjacent or at a second end of the, or the last of the, microwave chamber(s); an agitator to agitate the rubber feedstock as it transitions through the, or the plurality of, micro wave chamber(s); wherein the, or each, microwave chamber is adapted to remove volatile components. In one embodiment, the feed inlet comprises a chamber adapted to receive a rubber feedstock. In an embodiment, the feed inlet is adapted to remove air and / or oxygen from the rubber feedstock and internal volume or cavity thereof.

[0016] In an embodiment, the rubber feedstock has a diameter of between about 0.1mm and about 200mm, between about 3mm and about 12mm, between about 4mm and about 8mm, between about 4mm and about 7mm, or about 6mm.

[0017] In an embodiment, the inner tube is independently rotatable relative to the outer tube.

[0018] In an embodiment, the conveyor belt(s) will undergo agitation while the rubber feedstock transitions through the, or the plurality of, microwave chamber(s).

[0019] In embodiments, the microwave chamber(s) are in series.

[0020] In embodiments, the conveyor belt(s) are in series.

[0021] In an embodiment, the inner tube comprises or is formed of quartz. In one embodiment, the inner tube comprises or is formed of high grade and / or fused quartz. In an embodiment, the inner surface of the tube comprises corrugation(s). In one embodiment, the corrugation(s) comprise or is a thread. In certain embodiments, the thread is a single continuous thread.

[0022] In certain embodiments, each microwave chamber comprises a gas outlet adapted to remove volatiles released from the rubber feedstock. In an embodiment, each microwave chamber is adapted to operate under negative pressure. In one embodiment, the gas outlet is located towards the end of the microwave chamber.

[0023] In one embodiment, the char outlet is connected to a char vessel adapted to receive char. In embodiments, the char outlet is adapted to cool down the contents thereof to below about 70°C, or below about 60°C, or between about 60°C and about 70°C.

[0024] In an embodiment, the plurality of microwave chamber are angled between about 1° and about 25°, between about 1° and about 10°, between about 2° and about 9°, between about 3° and about 8°, between about 4° and 6° or about 5° relative to horizontal.

[0025] In an embodiment, the, or the plurality of, microwave chamber(s) are angled at about 0° relative to horizontal.

[0026] In one embodiment, the carbonization assembly further comprises a frame adapted to support the, or the plurality of, microwave chamber(s) and the inlet.

[0027] In preferred embodiment, the microwave chamber is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 40°C and about 500°C, between about 40°C and about 400°C, between about 40°C and about 360°C, between about 40°C and about 180°C, between about 180°C and about 210°C, between about 210°C and about 300°C, between about 300°C and about 400°C, or between about 300°C and about 360°C.

[0028] In an embodiment, the carbonization assembly comprises 1, 2, 3, 4...n microwave chamber wherein n is an integer. In one embodiment there is one continuous microwave chamber. In one embodiment, the microwave chamber are connected in series. In an embodiment, the carbonization assembly comprises at least 2 microwave chamber. Preferably, the carbonization assembly comprises 3 microwave chamber. Preferably, the carbonization assembly comprises 4 chamber.

[0029] In the embodiment where the carbonization assembly comprises 3 microwave chambers, the carbonization assembly comprises a first microwave chamber, a second microwave chamber and a third microwave chamber. In one embodiment, the first microwave heating is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 40°C and about 180°C. In an embodiment, the second microwave chamber is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 180°C and about 210°C. In an embodiment, the third microwave chamber is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 210°C and about 300°C.

[0030] In the embodiment where the carbonization assembly comprises 4 microwave chambers, the carbonization assembly comprises a first microwave chamber, a second microwave chamber, a third microwave chamber and a fourth microwave chamber. In one embodiment, the first microwave heating is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 40°C and about 180°C. In an embodiment, the second microwave chamber is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 180°C and about 210°C. In an embodiment, the third microwave chamber is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 210°C and about 300°C. In one embodiment, the fourth microwave chamber is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 300°C and about 360°C.

[0031] In an embodiment, the resident time in each microwave chamber is between 5 minutes and 60 minutes, between 10 minutes and 45 minutes, between 15 minutes and 30 minutes, between about 15 minutes and 20 minutes.

[0032] In one embodiment, the diameter of the first microwave chamber, the second microwave chamber, the third microwave chamber and / or fourth microwave chamber are different. In one embodiment, the diameter of the microwave chamber gets larger as you progress through the assembly. In another aspect, the disclosed subject matter encompasses a method for continuous extraction of components from rubber including: providing an uncontaminated rubber feedstock; heating the rubber feedstock using microwave at a first temperature to remove a first volatile; heating the rubber feedstock using microwave at a second temperature to remove a second volatile; wherein the heating steps are completed whilst the rubber feedstock is constantly redistributed; to thereby extract components from rubber.

[0033] In one embodiment, the method resides in the use of the carbonization assembly mentioned herein.

[0034] The carbonization assembly may be as substantially described hereinabove for the first aspect.

[0035] The various features and embodiments of the present disclosure referred to in the individual sections above and in the description which follows apply, as appropriate, to other sections, mutatis mutandis. Consequently, features specified in one section may be combined with features specified in other sections as appropriate.

[0036] Further features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description.

[0037] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] To assist in understanding the disclosed subject matter and to enable a person skilled in the art to put embodiments within the scope of this disclosure into practical effect, embodiments of the disclosure will be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0039] FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the carbonization assembly;

[0040] FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a microwave chamber;

[0041] FIG. 3 shows a schematic of an embodiment of a carbonization assembly; and

[0042] FIG. 4 shows extracted components utilizing the present carbonization assembly or method;

[0043] FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the carbonization assembly;

[0044] FIG. 6 shows an ‘exploded’ view of an embodiment of the carbonization assembly; - 6 - FIG.7 shows a schematic of an embodiment of a carbonization assembly; FIG.8 shows a schematic of an embodiment of a carbonization assembly; and FIG.9 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a carbonization assembly. 5 MODE(S) FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present disclosure reside primarily in a carbonization assembly. Accordingly, the assembly, device, apparatus or method steps have been illustrated in the drawings, showing only those specific details that are necessary for understanding the embodiments of the present disclosure, but so as not to obscure the disclosure with excessive 10 detail that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present description. In this specification, adjectives such as first and second, upper and lower, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one element or action from another element or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order. 15 Words such as “comprises” or “includes” are intended to define a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an assembly, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed, including elements that are inherent to such an assembly, method, article, or apparatus. As used herein, the term ‘about’ means the amount is nominally the number 20 following the term ‘about,’ but the actual amount may vary from this precise number to an unimportant degree. At least some embodiments within the scope of this disclosure are predicated on the finding that, at least, useful components can be extracted from rubber. The present disclosure encompasses a method of extracting useful components from rubber. The present disclosure 25 further encompasses an assembly that is adapted to extract useful components from rubber. It will be appreciated by the person skilled in the art that the use of the term ‘components’ herein can be used interchangeably with the term ‘ingredients.’ As used herein, the term ‘rubber feedstock’ refers to a rubber material used in the present assembly or methodology. The term ‘rubber feedstock’ comprises rubber materials 30 and / or partially carbonized feedstocks that is processed towards subsequent chambers. Shown in FIG.1 is an embodiment of a carbonization assembly. In one embodiment, the carbonization assembly is a microwave carbonization assembly. The carbonization assembly 100 comprises a plurality of microwave chamber. In the embodiment shown in - 7 - FIG. 1, the carbonization assembly 100 comprises three microwave chambers: a first microwave chamber 110a, a second microwave chamber 110b and a third microwave chamber 110c. The carbonization assembly 100 comprises a feed inlet 120 located generally adjacent an end of one of the microwave chamber. In the embodiment shown, the feed inlet 5 120 is located adjacent an end of the first microwave chamber 110a. The feed inlet 120 is adapted to deliver a rubber feedstock to the first microwave chamber 110a. Shown in FIG.5 is an embodiment of a carbonization assembly. In one embodiment, the carbonization assembly is a microwave carbonization assembly. The carbonization assembly comprises a, or a plurality of, microwave chamber(s). In the embodiment shown 10 in FIG. 5 to FIG. 9, inclusive, the carbonization assembly comprises one microwave chamber. The carbonization assembly comprises a feed inlet 120 located generally adjacent an end of the microwave chamber. In the embodiment shown, the feed inlet 120 is located adjacent an end of the first microwave chamber. The feed inlet 120 is adapted to deliver a rubber feedstock to the microwave chamber. 15 In one embodiment, the rubber feedstock is clean, free of any foreign material. In an embodiment, the rubber feedstock is of generally a regulated size. In one embodiment, the rubber feedstock does not comprise metal and / or other intrinsic foreign materials. In an embodiment, the rubber feedstock has a diameter of between about 0.1mm and about 200mm, between about 3mm and about 12mm, between about 4mm and about 8mm, 20 between about 4mm and about 7mm, or about 6mm. As shown, a conduit 121 may be present between the feed inlet 120 and the adjacent chamber. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the feed inlet 120 is connected to the first microwave chamber 110a by a conduit 121. In one embodiment, the conduit is or comprises a tube. In one embodiment, the conduit 121 is or comprises an inclined plane, or sloping 25 channel. In use, rubber feedstock can be fed through the feed inlet 120 which in turns enters the microwave chamber 110a via the conduit 121. In one embodiment, the feed inlet 120 is adapted to remove air and / or oxygen from the chamber and the rubber feedstock. In the embodiment shown in FIG.1, the tube is suitably an elongate, hollow cylinder for holding or transporting a material (in this case, a rubber feedstock). In one embodiment, 30 the tube may comprise or is a barrel. In this regard, the term ‘tube’ can be used interchangeably with the term ‘barrel.’ In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 9, inclusive, there is a continuous conveyor belt for holding or transporting a material (in this case, a rubber feedstock). In one - 8 - embodiment, the rubber feedstock is agitated as it progresses along the conveyor belt. The agitation prevents the formation of hot spots. In one embodiment, the feed inlet 120 comprises a chamber (not shown) adapted to receive the rubber feedstock. The chamber is suitably adapted to remove the air and / or 5 oxygen prior to delivery of the rubber feedstock to the first microwave chamber. The chamber may be purged with an inert gas. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, each microwave chamber 110 comprises an outer tube and an inner tube located therein. Preferably, the outer tube is stationary. Preferably, the inner tube is rotatable. It will be appreciated that the inner tube is 10 independently rotatable relative to the outer tube. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of magnetrons are located about the outer tube. In this regard, in one embodiment, the magnetrons are orientated in lines on the outer surface of the outer tube. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 9, inclusive, a plurality of magnetrons 15 are located about the inner side of the outer casing of the microwave chamber. In one embodiment, the outer casing comprises or is formed of stainless steel. In one embodiment, the plurality of magnetrons are powered by a microwave generator. The plurality of magnetrons are adapted to generate microwaves directed towards the inner volume of the microwave chamber. The plurality of magnetrons are adapted to deliver 20 microwave electromagnetic radiation to the internal volume of the microwave chamber. In one embodiment, the outer tube comprises one or more windows in which microwave electromagnetic radiation is delivered therethrough. In an embodiment, each magnetron is aligned with one or more windows. In one embodiment, each magnetron is aligned with one respective window. 25 The plurality of magnetrons are adapted to focus electromagnetic radiation whereby the molecular friction of the granules of rubber heat the rubber in the microwave chamber to extract the desired volatiles therefrom. Shown in FIG. 2 is an embodiment of a microwave chamber 110. The microwave chamber 110 comprises an outer tube 111 and an inner tube 116 located therein. As 30 mentioned previously, the outer tube 116 is stationary and the inner tube 111 is rotatable relative to the outer tube 116. In one embodiment, the outer pipe comprises or is formed of stainless steel. In one embodiment, the plurality of magnetrons are powered by a microwave generator. A plurality of magnetrons 117 are located about the outer tube 116. The plurality - 9 - of magnetrons 117 are adapted to generate microwaves directed towards the inner volume of the microwave chamber. In one embodiment, the plurality of magnetrons are spaced apart from one another in a cylindrical fashion. In one embodiment, the inner tube 116 comprises or is formed of quartz. In one 5 embodiment, the quartz is high grade quartz. In an embodiment, the quartz is fused quartz. Quartz and / or fused quartz has excellent microwave permeability, high thermal properties and has a low coefficient thermal expansion factor. Furthermore, quartz can tolerate a wide temperature range and high temperatures. These properties make quartz an excellent material for the microwave chamber. In this regard, the inner tube has permeability for microwave 10 entering into the chamber to heat the rubber therein. In embodiments, an inner surface of the inner tube 116 is corrugated (as shown in FIG.2). That is, the inner surface of the inner tube comprises a plurality of ridges and grooves. In an embodiment, eat ridges and grooves are parallel. The ridges and grooves may also provide rigidity and strength to the microwave chamber. As the inner tube is rotating, the rubber in the internal volume thereof is tossed or 15 churned whilst slowly advancing forward along the microwave chamber. This ensures consistent and constant heating without generating localized cold or hot spots. In an embodiment, the inner tube is continuously rotated at a regulated speed to advance the heated rubber material. It is postulated that the internal and forward movement of the rubber allows faster extraction of the volatiles from the rubber. The speed of the rotation of the inner tube 20 can be varied depending on the required conditions. The speed is suitably set for various volume production as required. In an embodiment, the inner surface of the inner tube comprises a one directional continuous corrugated thread. In one embodiment, the inner tube comprises a single continuous thread. The one directional continuous corrugated thread facilitates and / or assists 25 with the forward procession of the contents. The corrugated surface of the one directional continuous corrugated thread facilitates tumbling and mixing the rubber being processed therein. This prevents the formation of hot spots. As mentioned above, the inner surface of the inner tube 116 comprises a plurality of ridges and grooves. In another embodiment, the inner surface of the inner tube comprise a plurality of 30 ring formations that are spaced apart. In embodiments, the microwave chamber is angled at about 0º, between about 1º and about 25º, between about 1º and about 10º, between about 2º and about 9º, between about 3º and about 8º, between about 4º and 6º, or about 5º, relative to horizontal. Shown in FIG.3 is a plurality of views of a schematic of the carbonization assembly and the orientation thereof. Shown in FIG. 3 is the microwave chamber being orientated at about 5° relative to horizontal. That is, the microwave chamber and thus inner tube is or are orientated at an angle of 5° relative to horizontal. This angle assists in resident time of the rubber in each microwave chamber. Furthermore, this angle in combination with the corrugations ensure that the rubber feedstock is constantly mixed. In one embodiment, the carbonization assembly is adapted to adjust the angle of at least one chamber for the desired resident time. It will also be appreciated that the angle of the chamber can also be varied to increase or decrease the resident times required in each chamber.

[0045] Shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the carbonization assembly and the orientation thereof, and a cross-sectional view of the carbonization assembly and the orientation thereof, respectively. Shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 9 is the microwave chamber being orientated at about 0° relative to horizontal. That is, the microwave chamber and thus the conveyor belt(s) is or are orientated at an angle of 0° relative to horizontal.

[0046] In one embodiment, the carbonization assembly 100 further comprises a frame 140 adapted to support the microwave chamber and the inlet 120. The frame 140 comprises a plurality of vertical members and horizontal members that provide strength and structure to the carbonization assembly. The carbonization assembly 100 may further comprise reinforcing members 145 that are adapted to reinforce and support the microwave chamber. In an embodiment, the reinforcing members are or comprise reinforcing rings.

[0047] Each microwave chamber 110 comprises a gas outlet 112. The gas outlet 112 is adapted to remove the volatiles that are released from the processed rubber feedstock. The gas outlet is adapted to be extracted from the chamber on a continuous basis. The extracted gases are suitably distilled and liquified. In certain embodiments, the remaining exhaust emissions are processed through adsorption filters. These units contain variously sized activated carbon granule(s) in layers. In an embodiment, the activated carbon can be produced using the present methodology (mentioned in more detail hereinafter). The present embodiment enables a closed loop system and reduces (e.g., prevents) emission of pollutants into the atmosphere. In this regard, each microwave chamber of the present carbonization assembly is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a different temperature such that volatiles of a different boiling points are driven therefrom. In an embodiment, the gas outlet ensures that the microwave chamber operates at a negative pressure to remove the volatiles. In an embodiment, the gas outlet is located adjacent the end or the respective microwave chamber that is nearest the char outlet. In this regard, the microwave chamber operate under negative pressure to remove the volatile therefrom.

[0048] In one embodiment, the microwave chamber is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 40°C and about 500°C, between about 40°C and about 400°C, between about 40°C and about 360°C, between about 40°C and about 180°C, between about 180°C and about 210°C, between about 210°C and about 300°C, between about 300°C and about 400°C, or between about 300°C and about 360°C.

[0049] In an embodiment, the gas outlet 112 of each microwave chamber is connected to a conduit or pipe which is connected to a volatile collection drum 150 (see FIG. 1). The hydrocarbon fractions obtained from the microwave chamber are suitably cooled and liquified. Examples of the obtained hydrocarbon fractions are shown in FIG. 4.

[0050] In an embodiment, the resident time in a / each chamber is between 5 minutes and 60 minutes, between 10 minutes and 45 minutes, between 15 minutes and 30 minutes, between about 15 minutes and 20 minutes.

[0051] In one embodiment, the diameter of the first microwave chamber 110a, the second microwave chamber 110b and the third microwave chamber are different. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the first microwave chamber has a first diameter that is smaller than the diameter of the second microwave chamber; and the second microwave chamber has a second diameter that is smaller than the diameter of the third microwave chamber.

[0052] In one embodiment, each microwave chamber 110 is adapted to operate under a substantially oxygen-free atmosphere. In this regard, substantially all of the oxygen is removed from the carbonization assembly. In one embodiment, the microwave chamber is adapted to operate in a substantially inert atmosphere. In an embodiment, an inert atmosphere comprises substantially an inert gas. In one embodiment, the inert gas may comprise one or more of nitrogen, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon. The inert gas can be used to purge the internal volume of the microwave chamber 110.

[0053] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the carbonization assembly comprises a first microwave chamber 110a, a second microwave chamber 110b and a third microwave chamber 110c that are connected in series. In this regard, the second microwave chamber 110b connects the first microwave chamber 110a to the third microwave chamber 110c. As shown, the feed inlet 120 is connected to the first microwave chamber 110a. As the carbonization assembly 100 is operated, the rubber feedstock is tossed and moved gradually from the first microwave chamber to the second microwave chamber to the third microwave chamber (and any subsequent chamber). It will be appreciated that heat loss is minimized whilst the rubber is being moved towards subsequent microwave chamber.

[0054] In one embodiment, the first microwave chamber 110a is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 40°C and about 180°C. In this embodiment, the first microwave chamber 110a is adapted to remove a first hydrocarbon fraction that is light and generally a gas. In an embodiment, the second microwave chamber 110b is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 180°C and about 210°C. In this embodiment, the second microwave chamber 110b is adapted to remove a second hydrocarbon fraction that has a boiling point in the range of jet fuel. In an embodiment, the third microwave chamber 110c is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 210°C and about 300°C. In this embodiment, the third microwave chamber 110c is adapted to remove a third hydrocarbon fraction that has a boiling point in the range of diesel.

[0055] In one embodiment, the carbonization assembly further comprises a fourth microwave chamber connected to the third microwave chamber. In one embodiment, the fourth microwave chamber is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 300°C and about 360°C. In this embodiment, the fourth microwave chamber is adapted to remove a fourth hydrocarbon fraction that has a boiling point in the range of lube oil.

[0056] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 9, inclusive, the carbonization assembly comprises one microwave chamber. As the carbonization assembly is operated, the rubber feedstock is agitated and moved gradually from one end of the microwave chamber along the conveyor belt to the other end of the microwave chamber.

[0057] In one embodiment, the microwave chamber is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to various temperatures as the rubber feedstock travels along the conveyor belt(s). In one embodiment, the rubber feedstock is initially heated to a temperature between about 40°C and about 180°C. In an embodiment, as the rubber feedstock travels along the conveyor belt(s) the microwave chamber is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 180°C and about 210°C. In an embodiment, as the rubber feedstock travels further along the conveyor belt(s) the microwave chamber is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 210°C and about 300°C. In an embodiment, as the rubber feedstock travels further along the conveyor belt(s) the microwave chamber is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 300°C and about 360°C. In an embodiment, the microwave chamber is adapted to remove a first hydrocarbon fraction that is light and generally a gas. In an embodiment, the next temperature range encountered by the rubber feedstock as it travels along the conveyor belt(s) is adapted to remove a second hydrocarbon fraction that has a boiling point in the range of jet fuel. In an embodiment, the next temperature range encountered by the rubber feedstock as it travels along the conveyor belt(s) is adapted to remove a third hydrocarbon fraction that has a boiling point in the range of diesel. In an embodiment, the next temperature range encountered by the rubber feedstock as it travels along the conveyor belt(s) is adapted to remove a fourth hydrocarbon fraction that has a boiling point in the range of lube oil.

[0058] As the rubber feedstock progresses from the first microwave chamber to the second microwave chamber and to subsequent microwave chamber(s), aa different hydrocarbon / volatile fraction is removed therefrom. Each microwave chamber is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a higher temperature to remove the desired volatiles therefrom. It will be appreciated that the carbonization assembly can comprise any number of microwave chambers and these can be adapted to provide volatiles at different temperatures. It will be appreciated that the number of chambers can be increased together with the lengths of the chambers based on the quantity of rubber to be processed. The resident time of each chamber can be set as required by the capacity production.

[0059] In an embodiment, the carbonization assembly comprises 1, 2, 3, 4...n microwave chambers wherein n is an integer. In one embodiment, the microwave chamber(s) are connected in series. In an embodiment, the carbonization assembly comprises 1 microwave chamber. Preferably, the carbonization assembly comprises 2 microwave chambers. Preferably, the carbonization assembly comprises 3 microwave chambers. Preferably, the carbonization assembly comprises 4 chambers.

[0060] Furthermore, the length of each microwave chamber can also be selected or varied based on the resident time required in each chamber. As further volatiles are removed from the rubber feedstock, substantially all that remains from the rubber feedstock after the process is char. It will be appreciated that the volatiles can be removed from each microwave chamber and isolated to provide volatile fractions relevant to each temperature signature of the hydrocarbon.

[0061] The char can be removed by the char outlet 130. The char outlet 130 is connected to a char vessel 131 adapted to receive the char produced using the present assembly.

[0062] In embodiments, the char outlet is adapted to cool down the contents thereof to below about 70°C, or below about 60°C, or between about 60°C and about 70°C. The inventors believe that cooling the char down to 60°C-70°C activates the char or carbon by opening up pores therein and increases the surface area of the char. In one embodiment, the cooling is substantially instantaneous for example within 1 second.

[0063] As the rubber feedstock is free of metal and / or other intrinsic foreign materials, and provided with a substantially consistent particle size, this results in a much larger activated char nodule being produced. Due to the large nodule size, the activation results in a significantly greater volume of pores. In this regard, the activation of char has higher surface area to volume ratio than, for example, coconut-based or wood-based chars.

[0064] It will be appreciated that the volatiles obtained using the present assembly can be utilized to generate the energy for the present method or utilized for other industries.

[0065] It is also postulated that graphene can be produced utilizing the present methodology and / or assembly. In this regard, graphitization potential of the pyrolysis carbons has been assessed at the laboratory scale. Pelletized samples of the carbons, and a commercial graphite feedstock, were heated in an argon atmosphere at 2400°C to provide graphene.

[0066] The present carbonization assembly allows for continuous or at least substantially continuous processing of rubber whilst continuously or at least substantially continuously isolating hydrocarbon fractions and char. The present carbonization assembly allows for extracted hydrocarbons / oils and carbon to be uncontaminated and thus suitable for high quality use or resale. The present carbonization assembly also inhibits (e.g., prevents) hot spots from establishing that would occur when microwave energy is concentrated on a single area. The present carbonization assembly also mitigates (e.g., prevents) large temperature gradients over the rubber feedstock. This advantageously allows for faster extraction of the volatiles from within the rubber. As should be apparent, the disclosed subject matter allows for efficient extract of clean hydrocarbon. The sulphur in the rubber feedstock is stripped from the carbon therein to form the jet fuel components extracted. This advantageously inhibits (e.g., prevents) sulphur being released into the atmosphere in the form of sulphur dioxide. This advantageously allows for the hydrocarbon fractions (gas, jet fuel, diesel, oil) suitably for use as energy or other industries. Testing on volatile extracted hydrocarbons. Reports of testing are as follows for each hydrocarbon:

[0067] The following shows the mass spectra of a volatile fraction removed at 340°C.

[0068] ASS Spectra Search Results for Oil batch no. 1, 2, 3 (29-10-00) (CMM / 00 / 757-2)

[0069] Information from Data File:

[0070] File : C: \HPCHEM\1\DATA\757-2VOL. D

[0071] Operator : tvv BAL91 RCO technologies

[0072] Acquired : using AcqMethod PYROP1

[0073] Sample Name: CMM / 00 / 757-2 + ISTD

[0074] Misc Info : 340°C devolatilisation 2ul

[0075] Vial Number: 1

[0076] Search Libraries: C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L Minimum Quality: 0

[0077] Unknown Spectrum: Apex

[0078] Integration Params : events. e

[0079] Pk# RT Area% Library / ID Ref# CAS# Qual

[0080] 1 5.29 0.10 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0081] Methane, bromochloro- 64995 000074-97-5 94

[0082] Methane, bromochloro- 64996 000074-97-5 91

[0083] Methane, bromochloro- 4820 000074-97-5 91

[0084] 2 6.18 0.04 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0085] 2 , 4-Hexadiyne 62629 002809-69-0 91

[0086] Benzene 62627 000071-43-2 91

[0087] Benzene 62626 000071-43-2 91

[0088] 3 8.20 0.11 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0089] Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 63351 000108-10-1 43

[0090] Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 63353 000108-10-1 43

[0091] Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 63354 000108-10-1 43

[0092] 4 8.38 0.15 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0093] ( tert-C4H9 ) C . $ . CCH3 1122 000999-78-0 70

[0094] 1.4-Hexadiene , 4-methyl- 63147 001116-90-1 68

[0095] 2.4-Hexadiene, 2-methyl- 1127 028823-41-8 64

[0096] 5 8.70 0.05 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0097] 1 , 3-Cyclopentadiene , 1 , 2-dimethyl- 1029 004784-86-5 87

[0098] 1, 3, 6-Heptatriene 1014 001002-27-3 83

[0099] Bicyclo [4.2.0] oct-7-ene 2162 000616-10-4 59

[0100] 6 8.86 0.63 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0101] Toluene 965 000108-88-3 91

[0102] Toluene 63031 000108-88-3 90

[0103] 1 , 3 , 5-Cycloheptatriene 63036 000544-25-2 90

[0104] 7 8.99 0.06 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0105] 4H-Pyran-4-one, 2- ( chloromethyl ) -5-hy 12259 007559-81-1 40

[0106] 2-Cyclopenten-l-one, 5-hydroxy-2 , 3-di 4487 058649-31-3 38

[0107] 2H-Pyrano [ 3 , 2-b ] pyridine 5979 004767-91-3 37

[0108] 8 9.09 0.04 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0109] Cyclohexane, 1 , 4-dimethyl- 64013 000589-90-2 52

[0110] 2-Pentyn-l-ol 62743 006261-22-9 50

[0111] 2 , 5-Dimethylpyrroline 1173 000000-00-0 38

[0112] 9 9.20 0.04 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0113] 3-Furanmethanol 63176 004412-91-3 53

[0114] Butane, 1- (2, 2-dichloro-l-methylcyclo 21133 024551-81-3 50

[0115] 2-Butene 76 000107-01-7 50 9.32 0.03 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0116] 2-Heptenal, (E) - 2632 018829-55-5 80 trans-l-Butyl-2-methylcyclopropane 2690 038851-70-6 80 cis-l-Butyl-2-methylcyclopropane 2683 038851-69-3 80 9.51 0.03 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0117] Octane 64207 000111-65-9 43

[0118] Octane 64209 000111-65-9 43

[0119] Allyl methallyl ether 2570 014289-96-4 40 9.68 0.05 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0120] Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 62797 001759-53-1 64 Furan 62398 000110-00-9 59

[0121] 3 -Butenenitrile 62393 000109-75-1 56 9.75 0.06 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0122] 3-Furancarboxylic acid 2482 000488-93-7 59

[0123] 1 , 4-Pentadiene, 2 , 3 , 3-trimethyl- 63872 000756-02-5 58

[0124] 3 , 5-Octadien-2-one, (E,E) - 64794 030086-02-3 50 10.01 0.06 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0125] 1-Heptyne 1153 000628-71-7 42

[0126] 1 , 5-Hexadiene , 2-methyl- 1135 004049-81-4 40

[0127] Zinc, di-2-propenyl- 8751 001802-55-7 38 10.19 0.09 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0128] 1.3 -Dimethyl- 1- cyclohexene 2371 002808-76-6 83

[0129] 1.3-Butadiene , 2 , 3-dimethyl - 62669 000513-81-5 76

[0130] Cyclopropane, ( 1-methylethylidene ) - 499 004741-86-0 68 10.24 0.05 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L trans-3, 5-Dimethylcyclohexene 2357 056021-63-7 83

[0131] 1.3-Butadiene, 2 , 3-dimethyl - 62669 000513-81-5 58

[0132] 1.4-Pentadiene, 2 , 3 , 3- trimethyl - 63872 000756-02-5 49 10.41 0.11 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0133] (2E, 4E) -5-Chloro-3, 4-dimethyl-2 , 4-hep 11919 000000-00-0 53

[0134] 3-Heptyne, 5-methyl- 2341 061228-09-9 50

[0135] 2 , 4-Hexadiene, (E,Z) - 62667 005194-50-3 47 10.50 0.30 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0136] Cyclohexene, 4-ethenyl- 63795 000100-40-3 90

[0137] Cyclohexene, 4-ethenyl- 63794 000100-40-3 90

[0138] 1 , 3 , 5-Hexatriene, (Z)- 438 002612-46-6 74 10.71 0.15 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0139] Cyclopropane, 1 , 1 ' -ethenylidenebis- 2159 000822-93-5 68

[0140] 1.3-Cyclopentadiene , trimethyl- 2179 072347-62-7 64

[0141] 1.3-Butadiene, 2 , 3-dimethyl- 62669 000513-81-5 50 10.88 0.07 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0142] Cyclobutane, 1 , 2-diethenyl- 63800 002422-85-7 50

[0143] 1-Heptyne 1153 000628-71-7 50

[0144] Cyclohexane, ethenyl- 63878 000695-12-5 47 11.00 0.10 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0145] 1.3-Cyclopentadiene , trimethyl- 2179 072347-62-7 93

[0146] Pyridazine, 3-methoxy- 2260 019064-65-4 46

[0147] 1.4-Cyclohexadiene, 1 , 2-dimethyl- 2153 017351-28-9 38 11.07 0.09 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0148] Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 2-methyl-, exo 2344 000872-78-6 72

[0149] 2-Allyl-2-methyl-l, 3-cyclopentanedion 10252 026828-48-8 72

[0150] 2H-Cyclopentacycloocten-2-one, decahy 17909 055103-65-6 64 11.16 0.66 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0151] Ethylbenzene 63694 000100-41-4 93

[0152] Ethylbenzene 2026 000100-41-4 93

[0153] Ethylbenzene 63690 000100-41-4 93 11.28 0.05 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0154] Cyclopropane, ( 1-methylethylidene ) - 499 004741-86-0 47

[0155] 1, 3, 6-0ctatriene, 3 , 7-dimethyl- , (Z) - 65771 003338-55-4 47

[0156] 3-Butenenitrile 62393 000109-75-1 47 11.38 0.82 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0157] Benzene, 1 , 2-dimethyl- 63705 000095-47-6 95 p-Xylene 63702 000106-42-3 95 p-Xylene 63700 000106-42-3 95 11.50 0.09 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0158] Cyclopropane, 1 , 1 ' -ethenylidenebis- 2159 000822-93-5 80 Bicyclo [3. 1.1] heptane, 6 , 6-dimethyl-2 65741 018172-67-3 50 1 , 3 , 6-0ctatriene, 3 , 7-dimethyl- , (Z) — 65771 003338-55-4 50 11.56 0.10 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0159] 2,4-Dimethyl 1 , 4-pentadiene 1123 004161-65-3 74

[0160] Cyclohexene, 3-bromo- 12265 001521-51-3 72

[0161] Ethanone, 1- (2-methyl-2-cyclopenten-l 4197 001767-84-6 72 11.61 0.09 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0162] 1 , 5-Hexadiene , 2-methyl- 63135 004049-81-4 59

[0163] 1 , 5-Hexadiene , 3-methyl- 63145 001541-33-9 50 Bicyclo [3.3.1] nonane 4233 000280-65-9 45 11.73 0.17 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0164] Bicyclo [4.2.0] oct-7-ene 2162 000616-10-4 56

[0165] 3.4-Pentadienal 462 004009-55-6 47

[0166] Bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-en-7-ol 2295 053783-87-2 43 11.92 1.09 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0167] Styrene 63646 000100-42-5 96

[0168] Bicyclo [ 4.2.0 ] octa- 1 , 3 , 5- triene 1948 000694-87-1 96

[0169] 1 , 3 , 5 , 7-Cyclooctatetraene 63647 000629-20-9 95 12.07 0.22 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0170] 1.5-Hexadiene , 2-methyl- 63135 004049-81-4 47

[0171] 6-Nonynoic acid 10765 056630-31-0 40

[0172] 2-Propen-l-one, 1- (2 , 2-dimethylcyclop 4190 077846-92-5 38 12.15 0.09 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0173] Cyclopropane, (1-methylethylidene) - 499 004741-86-0 53

[0174] 3.4-Pentadienal , 2 , 2-dimethyl- 2303 004058-51-9 53

[0175] 1.5-Hexadiene 62672 000592-42-7 50 12.25 0.10 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0176] 1.4-Pentadiene, 2-methyl- 488 000763-30-4 53

[0177] C2H5CH— CHCH— CH2 62676 000592-48-3 53

[0178] 1.6-0ctadiene, (E) — 2361 019036-81-8 45 12.30 0.10 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0179] 2.4. 6-Octatriene, 2 , 6-dimethyl- 65769 000673-84-7 93

[0180] 1.5-Heptadiene, 2 , 5-dimethyl-3-methyl 6663 074663-83-5 78 1 , 3-Cyclohexadiene, 1 , 3 , 5 , 5-tetrameth 6665 004724-89-4 76 12.38 0.04 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0181] Pentaleno [ 1 , 2-b ] oxirene, octahydro-, 4183 055449-71-3 64

[0182] C2H5CH— CHCH— CH2 62676 000592-48-3 53

[0183] 1-Propyne, 3, 3 ' - [ethylidenebis (oxy) ] b 6912 002188-15-0 43 12.53 0.43 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0184] Benzene, ( 1 -methylethyl ) - 64554 000098-82-8 76

[0185] 1.2.4-Trimethylbenzene 3771 000095-36-3 76

[0186] Benzene, ( 1 -methylethyl ) - 64556 000098-82-8 68 12.63 0.15 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0187] 2-Propanone, 1- ( 1-cyclohexen- 1-yl ) - 7012 000768-50-3 42

[0188] 1.4-Pentadiene, 2 , 3 , 3-trimethyl- 63872 000756-02-5 38

[0189] 1.3-Hexadiene, 2 , 5-dimethyl- 2320 029253-64-3 38 12.70 0.10 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0190] 2-Nonynoic acid 10806 001846-70-4 37

[0191] 1.3. 6-Octatriene, 3 , 7-dimethyl- , (Z) - 65771 003338-55-4 32

[0192] 1, 8-Nonadiene 4267 004900-30-5 25 12.84 0.53 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0193] 1.3-Cyclopentadiene , 1 , 2-dimethyl- 1029 004784-86-5 64

[0194] 1.3. 6-Heptatriene , 2 , 5 , 6-trimethyl- 6659 042123-66-0 43

[0195] 1.5-Hexadiene 62673 000592-42-7 43 13.01 0.25 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0196] 2-Propenal, 2-methyl- 62430 000078-85-3 50

[0197] 2.4-Hexadiene, (E,Z) - 62667 005194-50-3 50

[0198] 2-Propenal, 2-methyl- 62429 000078-85-3 50 13.07 0.17 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0199] 2.4-Cycloheptadien-l-one, 2, 6, 6-trime 66800 000503-93-5 43

[0200] 6-Oxabicyclo [ 3.2. 1 ] oct-2-ene- 8-carbox 21761 054345-92-5 43 Cyclohexene, l-ethyl-6-ethylidene- 6636 061141-57-9 43 13.21 1.31 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0201] Cyclohexene, 4-ethenyl-l , 4-dimethyl- 6605 001743-61-9 86

[0202] Cyclohexene, l-methyl-4- ( 1-methylethe 65806 005989-54-8 78

[0203] Limonene 65776 000138-86-3 76 13.32 0.54 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0204] 1,2, 4-Trimethylbenzene 3771 000095-36-3 60

[0205] Benzene, l-ethyl-2-methyl- 64559 000611-14-3 60

[0206] Benzene, l-ethyl-2-methyl- 64560 000611-14-3 60 13.39 0.50 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0207] Benzene, l-ethyl-2-methyl- 64560 000611-14-3 94

[0208] Benzene, l-ethyl-3-methyl- 3769 000620-14-4 87

[0209] Benzene, 1 , 2 , 3-trimethyl- 64573 000526-73-8 87 13.49 0.55 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0210] 2, 4-Hexadiene 62675 000592-46-1 83

[0211] Cyclopropane, (1-methylethylidene) - 499 004741-86-0 72

[0212] Thiophene, 2 , 5-dihydro-2 , 4-dimethyl- , 8729 010033-92-8 72 13.63 0.33 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0213] 1.6-Octadiene , 3 , 5-dimethyl- , trans- 7017 000000-00-0 72

[0214] 1.5-Heptadiene, 2 , 3 , 6-trimethyl- 7094 033501-88-1 64

[0215] 4-Methyl-l , 5-Heptadiene 2326 000998-94-7 59 13.74 1.61 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0216] 1.7-Octadiene 63879 003710-30-3 59

[0217] 2, 4-Hexadiene 62675 000592-46-1 58

[0218] Cyclopropane, ( 1-methylethylidene ) - 499 004741-86-0 52 13.90 0.75 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L cis-2 , 6-Dimethyl-2 , 6-octadiene 7050 002492-22-0 70

[0219] 1.6-Heptadiene, 3 , 5-dimethyl- 4221 068701-99-5 64

[0220] 2.6-0ctadiene, 2 , 7-dimethyl- 7091 016736-42-8 64 14.00 0.98 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0221] 1 , 2 , 4-Trimethylbenzene 3771 000095-36-3 70

[0222] Benzene, 1 , 2 , 3- trimethyl- 64576 000526-73-8 64

[0223] Cyclohexane, 1, 2, 4-tris (methylene) - 3783 014296-81-2 60 14.19 1.13 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0224] 1 , 3 , 7-Octatriene, 3 , 7-dimethyl- 6689 000502-99-8 58

[0225] Benzenemethanol, . alpha . -methyl- 64678 000098-85-1 43 1 , 5-Hexadiene , 2 , 5-dimethyl-3-methyle 3994 059131-13-4 42 14.32 0.27 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0226] 1 , 5-Hexadiene , 2 , 5-dimethyl-3-methyle 3994 059131-13-4 70 lH-3a, 7-Methanoazulene, octahydro- 1 , 4 24464 019078-35-4 22

[0227] 3-Methylene-l , 6-heptadiene 2137 016626-48-5 14 14.37 0.20 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0228] 1 , 3-Cyclohexadiene, l-methyl-4- ( 1-met 65755 000099-86-5 94 Cyclohexene, 3-methyl- 6- ( 1-methylethy 6657 000586-63-0 90

[0229] Cyclohexene, l-methyl-4- ( 1-methylethy 6656 000586-62-9 90 14.55 1.37 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0230] Benzene, l-methyl-2- ( 1 -methylethyl ) - 65581 000527-84-4 60

[0231] Benzene, l-methyl-3- ( 1 -methylethyl ) - 65579 000535-77-3 60

[0232] Benzene, l-methyl-2- ( 1 -methylethyl ) - 6228 000527-84-4 55 14.73 12.34 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0233] Limonene 65776 000138-86-3 95

[0234] D-Limonene 6664 005989-27-5 93

[0235] D-Limonene 65790 005989-27-5 91 14.81 0.33 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0236] Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 7 , 7-dimethyl-2 65762 000471-84-1 81

[0237] Bicyclo [3. 1.1] heptane, 6 , 6-dimethyl-2 65741 018172-67-3 58 1, 3, 6-Octatriene, 3 , 7-dimethyl- , (Z) - 65771 003338-55-4 49 14.89 0.22 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0238] Benzene, l-ethenyl-2-methyl- 3596 000611-15-4 60

[0239] Benzene, 1-propenyl- 64477 000637-50-3 60

[0240] Benzene, 2-propenyl- 64473 000300-57-2 58 14.97 0.11 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0241] 1 , 3 , 6-Octatriene, 3 , 7-dimethyl- , (Z) - 65771 003338-55-4 81 6-Nonynoic acid 10765 056630-31-0 50

[0242] Benzene, (2-propenyloxy) - 6181 001746-13-0 36 15.02 0.12 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0243] Benzene, l-methyl-3-propyl- 65528 001074-43-7 53

[0244] Benzene, ( 1-methylpropyl ) - 65544 000135-98-8 49

[0245] Benzene, 1, 3-diethyl- 65566 000141-93-5 38 15.08 0.27 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0246] Indene 64387 000095-13-6 95

[0247] Benzene, 1-propynyl- 3385 000673-32-5 93

[0248] Benzene, 1 , 2-propadienyl- 3387 002327-99-3 90 15.13 0.45 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0249] 1,3, 8-p-Menthatriene 6207 021195-59-5 64

[0250] Bicyclo [ 3.2.1 ] oct-2-ene, 3-methyl-4-m 6227 049826-53-1 58

[0251] 1 , 4-Cyclohexadiene, 3-ethenyl-l , 2-dim 6196 062338-57-2 55 15.23 0.11 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0252] 1.3. 6-0ctatriene, 3 , 7-dimethyl- , (Z) 65771 003338-55-4 68 1 , 4 -Cyclooctadiene 2164 001073-07-0 50

[0253] 2.6- Dime thy 1-1, 6-heptadien-4-ol 7486 029765-76-2 45 15.29 0.14 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0254] Benzene, ( 1-methylpropyl ) - 65544 000135-98-8 45

[0255] Benzene, l-methyl-3-propyl- 65528 001074-43-7 45

[0256] Benzeneacetaldehyde, . alpha . -methyl- 65510 000093-53-8 43 15.37 0.13 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0257] Cyclohexane, 1 , 2-propadienyl- 3989 005664-17-5 87

[0258] 1 , 5-Hexadiene , 2 , 5-dimethyl-3-methyle 3994 059131-13-4 72

[0259] Bicyclo [ 4.2.0 ] oct-7-ene 2162 000616-10-4 64 15.46 0.18 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0260] 1, 9-Decadiyne 6205 001720-38-3 50

[0261] Acetoacetic acid, 3-thio-, benzyl est 24792 020632-90-0 42

[0262] Ethanone, 1- ( 3-methylphenyl ) - 6153 000585-74-0 35 15.53 0.32 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0263] Benzene, 4-ethyl-l, 2-dimethyl- 65569 000934-80-5 90

[0264] Benzene, l-methyl-4- ( 1 -methylethyl ) - 6201 000099-87-6 90

[0265] Benzene, l-methyl-2- ( 1 -methylethyl ) - 6228 000527-84-4 90 15.62 0.95 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0266] 1 , 3-Cyclohexadiene, l-methyl-4- ( 1-met 65754 000099-86-5 70

[0267] Cyclohexene, 4-methylene- 1- ( 1-methyle 6604 000099-84-3 62

[0268] Bicyclo [ 3. 1.0 ] hexane , 4-methylene- 1- ( 65751 003387-41-5 53 15.76 0.77 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0269] Benzene, l-methyl-4- ( 1-methylethenyl ) 5874 001195-32-0 98

[0270] Benzene, l-methyl-4- ( 1-methylethenyl ) 65410 001195-32-0 93

[0271] Benzene, (2-methyl-2-propenyl ) - 65427 003290-53-7 93 15.86 0.30 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0272] 2.4-Heptadienal , (E, E) - 63861 004313-03-5 50

[0273] Cyclopropane, 1 , l-dimethyl-2-methylen 495 004372-94-5 47

[0274] Cyclopropane, (1-methylethenyl) - 490 004663-22-3 47 15.96 0.18 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0275] 1,3, 6-Octatriene, 3 , 7-dimethyl- , (Z) - 65771 003338-55-4 81

[0276] 3.4-Pentadienal , 2 , 2-dimethyl- 2303 004058-51-9 64

[0277] 1 , 7-Octadiyne 63698 000871-84-1 42 16.04 0.14 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0278] Benzene, l-methyl-2- ( 1 -methylethyl ) - 65581 000527-84-4 70

[0279] Benzene, l-methyl-3- ( 1 -methylethyl ) - 65579 000535-77-3 68

[0280] Benzene, l-ethyl-2 , 3-dimethyl- 65555 000933-98-2 64 16.13 0.25 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0281] 1 , 4-Cyclooctadiene, (Z,Z) - 2139 016327-22-3 59

[0282] (2E, 4E) -5-Chloro-3, 4-dimethyl-2 , 4-hep 11919 000000-00-0 50

[0283] Bicyclo [ 3.2.1 ] octane , 2 , 3-bis (methyl e 6229 049826-54-2 45 16.25 0.28 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0284] Benzene, 1, 2, 3, 4-tetramethyl- 65540 000488-23-3 91

[0285] Benzene, 1 , 2 , 4 , 5-tetramethyl- 65574 000095-93-2 83

[0286] Benzene, 1, 2, 3, 5-tetramethyl- 65571 000527-53-7 83 16.34 0.22 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0287] 1 , 4-Pentadiene, 2-methyl- 488 000763-30-4 43

[0288] 1, 9-Decadiyne 6205 001720-38-3 42

[0289] 4 , 7-Methano-lH-indene, octahydro- 65794 006004-38-2 42 16.47 0.38 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0290] 2 , 4 , 6-Octatriene, 2 , 6-dimethyl- 65769 000673-84-7 94

[0291] 2 , 4 , 6-Octatriene, 2 , 6-dimethyl- 6631 000673-84-7 83

[0292] Cyclopropane, trimethyl (2-methyl-l-pr 6645 014803-30-6 83 16.52 0.16 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0293] 1, 9-Decadiyne 6205 001720-38-3 64

[0294] Cyclopropane, 1 , 1 ' -ethenylidenebis- 2159 000822-93-5 50

[0295] Benzene, (2-propenyloxy) - 6181 001746-13-0 42 16.65 0.18 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0296] Benzene, 2-butenyl- 65431 001560-06-1 90

[0297] Benzene, l-methyl-4- (2-propenyl ) - 5873 003333-13-9 87

[0298] Benzene, l-methyl-2- (2-propenyl ) - 65419 001587-04-8 76 16.71 0.15 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0299] 1, 7-Octadiyne 2029 000871-84-1 53

[0300] 1 , 5-Hexadiene , 2 , 5-dimethyl-3-methyle 3994 059131-13-4 43

[0301] Benzene, (2-methyl-3-butenyl) - 8974 001647-06-9 42 16.81 0.89 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0302] Benzene, l-methyl-4- (2-propenyl ) - 5873 003333-13-9 91

[0303] Benzene, l-methyl-2- (2-propenyl ) - 5884 001587-04-8 91

[0304] Cyclohexene, 3-methylene-4- ( 1 , 2-propa 5898 068377-81-1 60 16.95 0.38 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0305] IH-Indene, 1-methyl- 65331 000767-59-9 93

[0306] IH-Indene, 1-methyl- 65330 000767-59-9 87

[0307] Benzene, 1-butynyl- 5577 000622-76-4 81 17.06 0.19 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0308] (2E, 4E) -5-Chloro-3, 4-dimethyl-2 , 4-hep 11919 000000-00-0 50

[0309] Zinc, di-2-propenyl- 8751 001802-55-7 43

[0310] 1, 7-Octadiyne 2029 000871-84-1 37 17.16 0.25 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0311] Benzene, 2-ethenyl- 1 , 3 , 5- trimethyl- 66506 000769-25-5 52

[0312] Cyclopropane, butyl- 1319 000930-57-4 50

[0313] 2-Nonenal, (E)- 66051 018829-56-6 40 17.27 0.29 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0314] Spiro [ 4.5 ] decane, 6-methylene- 9888 019144-01-5 38

[0315] 2-Heptyn-l-ol 2590 001002-36-4 25

[0316] Oxirane, 2 , 2 ’ - ( 1, 4-butanediyl ) bis- 66161 002426-07-5 22 17.39 0.24 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0317] IH-Indene, 2 , 3-dihydro-l , 2-dimethyl- 8947 017057-82-8 94

[0318] IH-Indene, 2 , 3-dihydro-4 , 7-dimethyl- 66497 006682-71-9 81

[0319] Naphthalene, 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-l-met 8942 001559-81-5 76 17.45 0.30 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0320] 1, 9-Decadiyne 6205 001720-38-3 47

[0321] 1 , 7-Octadiyne 2029 000871-84-1 43

[0322] Zinc, di-2-propenyl- 8751 001802-55-7 38 17.54 0.63 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0323] Azulene 65147 000275-51-4 93

[0324] Naphthalene 65150 000091-20-3 91

[0325] Naphthalene 65151 000091-20-3 87 17.68 0.06 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0326] 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-propen 4467 000096-05-9 47

[0327] 1 (2H) -Naphthalenone, 3 , 4 , 4a , 5 , 8 , 8a-he 13537 021841-29-2 46

[0328] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 17308 017429-26-4 43 17.77 0.18 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0329] 2 ( 1H ) -Naphthalenone , 4a, 5, 6,7, 8, 8a-he 13547 022844-34-4 50

[0330] Bi cyclo [6.1.0] nonane , 9- ( 1-methylethy 13568 056666-90-1 47

[0331] Bi cyclo [5.1.0] octane , 8- ( 1-methylethy 9899 054166-47-1 38 17.86 0.08 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0332] 1, 9-Decadiyne 6205 001720-38-3 47

[0333] 1 , 5-Hexadiene , 2 , 5-dimethyl-3-methyle 3994 059131-13-4 43

[0334] Benzene, 2-ethenyl-l, 3, 5-trimethyl- 66506 000769-25-5 42 17.90 0.09 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0335] (2E, 4E) -5-Chloro-3, 4-dimethyl-2 , 4-hep 11919 000000-00-0 40

[0336] 1, 3, 6-Octatriene, 3 , 7-dimethyl- , (Z) - 65771 003338-55-4 40

[0337] 1, 7-Octadiyne 2029 000871-84-1 38 18.00 0.18 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0338] Pyridine, 3- ( 2-propynyloxy ) - 5983 069022-70-4 40 Benzene, 2-azido-l, 3-dimethyl- 9050 026334-20-3 40 1, 9-Decadiyne 6205 001720-38-3 38 18.09 0.20 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0339] Naphthalene, 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-6-met 66500 001680-51-9 45 Naphthalene, 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-5-met 66493 002809-64-5 45

[0340] Benzene, (2-methyl-l-butenyl) - 66502 056253-64-6 42 18.23 0.66 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0341] Benzothiazole 65591 000095-16-9 93

[0342] Benzothiazole 65590 000095-16-9 93

[0343] 1 , 2-Benzisothiazole 6261 000272-16-2 80 18.30 0.20 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0344] Sydnone, 3- ( 1 , 1-dimethylethyl ) - 7819 006939-25-9 38

[0345] Cyclopropane, 1 , 1 ' -ethenylidenebis- 2159 000822-93-5 38 (2E, 4E)-5-Chloro-3, 4-dimethyl-2, 4-hep 11919 000000-00-0 30 18.39 0.34 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0346] 1, 9-Decadiyne 6205 001720-38-3 59

[0347] 1, 7-Octadiyne 2029 000871-84-1 47

[0348] Cyclopropane, 1 , 1 ' -ethenylidenebis- 2159 000822-93-5 45 18.48 0.30 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0349] IH-Indene, 1 , 1-dimethyl- 8563 018636-55-0 38

[0350] [1,2 ] Azaborino [ 1, 2-a] [1,2] azaborine 5269 001425-58-7 38

[0351] Zinc, di-2-propenyl- 8751 001802-55-7 37 18.57 0.48 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0352] IH-Indene, 1 , 1-dimethyl- 8563 018636-55-0 93

[0353] Naphthalene, 1 , 2-dihydro-2-methyl- 8566 021564-79-4 81 Naphthalene, 1 , 2-dihydro- 6-methyl- 8564 002717-47-7 76 18.65 0.48 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0354] Naphthalene, 1 , 2-dihydro- 6-methyl- 8564 002717-47-7 92 lH-Cyclopropa [b ] naphthalene , la, 2, 7, 7 8572 006571-72-8 52

[0355] IH-Indene, 1 , 1-dimethyl- 8563 018636-55-0 49 18.75 0.43 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0356] Tridecane 69019 000629-50-5 50

[0357] Tridecane 69020 000629-50-5 50

[0358] Undecane 67317 001120-21-4 43 18.85 0.28 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0359] Benzene, 2-ethenyl- 1 , 3 , 5- trimethyl- 8977 000769-25-5 53

[0360] Naphthalene, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4-tetrahydro- 1-met 8942 001559-81-5 50

[0361] IH-Indene, 2 , 3-dihydro-l , 2-dimethyl- 8947 017057-82-8 49 18.95 0.12 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0362] IH-Inden-l-one, 2 , 3-dihydro-3 , 3-dimet 12500 026465-81-6 38

[0363] Benzene, ( 1 , 3-dimethyl-2-butenyl ) - 12563 050704-01-3 38

[0364] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 35 19.00 0.10 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0365] Pyridine, 2-methyl-3- ( 2-propynyloxy ) - 9057 069022-72-6 49

[0366] 1 , 5-Hexadiene , 2 , 5-dimethyl-3-methyle 3994 059131-13-4 38

[0367] 1, 9-Decadiyne 6205 001720-38-3 38 19.12 0.50 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0368] Benzene, 1-cyclopenten-l-yl- 66379 000825-54-7 72

[0369] 1-Phenyl-l-cyclopentanol 12970 000000-00-0 52

[0370] Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-ol, 2- (l-cyclo 17310 107082-01-9 37 19.20 0.51 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0371] Naphthalene, 1-methyl- 66233 000090-12-0 89

[0372] Naphthalene, 1-methyl- 66231 000090-12-0 76

[0373] Benzocycloheptatriene 8114 000264-09-5 76 19.28 0.06 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0374] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69946 000489-39-4 50

[0375] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69947 000489-39-4 46 lH-3a, 7-Methanoazulene, octahydro- 1 , 4 24464 019078-35-4 46 19.34 0.15 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0376] 1 , 6-Heptadiene, 2 , 5 , 5-trimethyl- 7059 062238-28-2 22

[0377] Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane-2-carboxaldehyd 4166 003574-55-8 22

[0378] 1 , 4-Cyclohexanedimethanol 66314 000105-08-8 22 19.45 1.00 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0379] Naphthalene, 1-methyl- 66233 000090-12-0 76

[0380] Naphthalene, 2-methyl- 66235 000091-57-6 76

[0381] Naphthalene, 1-methyl- 66230 000090-12-0 76 19.61 0.69 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0382] Cyclopropane, 1 , 1 ' -ethenylidenebis- 2159 000822-93-5 52

[0383] 1, 3, 6-0ctatriene, 3 , 7-dimethyl- , (Z) - 65771 003338-55-4 47

[0384] 2 , 4-Hexadienal, (E, E)- 63120 000142-83-6 38 19.74 0.34 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0385] Naphthalene, decahydro-4a-methyl-l-me 69939 017066-67-0 27 1R- ( 1R@, 2R@, 5S@, 6E-10R0) -8-Methylene- 31089 000000-00-0 18 5 , 8 , 11 , 14-Eicosatetraenoic acid, meth 45453 002566-89-4 14 19.84 0.59 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0386] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro-1, 1 69893 025246-27-9 43 IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro-1, 1 69947 000489-39-4 30 Tricyclo [3.2.1.02,4] octane, 8-methyle 3766 038310-48-4 30 19.99 0.55 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0387] (2E, 4E) -5-Chloro-3, 4-dimethyl-2, 4-hep 11919 000000-00-0 25

[0388] 1.3.6. 10-Dodecatetraene, 3, 7, 11- trime 23948 026560-14-5 22

[0389] 1.6. 10-Dodecatrien-3-ol, 3, 7, 11-trime 70622 007212-44-4 16 20.04 0.44 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0390] Falcarinol ( Z ) - (- ) - 1 , 9-heptadecadiene 32796 000000-00-0 10 Cyclopropane, 1 , 1 -di chloro- 2 , 2 , 3- trie 21145 024551-90-4 10 3-Cyclohexen- l-ol , 5- ( 2-butenylidene ) 20803 066465-80-3 9 20.20 1.38 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0391] Tri cyclo [5.4.0.02, 8] undec-9-ene, 2, 6, 69964 005989-08-2 46 1H- Benzo cycloheptene , 2, 4a, 5, 6, 7, 8-he 69883 001461-03-6 46

[0392] 1.4-Cyclohexadiene, 3-ethenyl-l , 2 -dim 6196 062338-57-2 46 20.35 0.91 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0393] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulen-4-ol, decahydro 28203 000552-02-3 22

[0394] 1.5-Hexadiene , 2 , 5-dimethyl-3-methyle 3994 059131-13-4 11 Spiro [ 3.5 ] nonan-l-one, 5-methyl-, tra 10377 065147-56-0 11 20.42 0.22 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0395] . alpha . -Farnesene 69903 000502-61-4 41

[0396] Cyclohexanol, 2-methyl-5- ( 1-methyleth 11011 038049-26-2 35

[0397] Bicyclo [ 5. 1.0 ] octane , 8- ( 1-methylethy 9899 054166-47-1 27 20.50 0.94 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0398] 1H-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 70

[0399] 2 ( 1H ) -Naphthalenone , 4a, 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 8a-he 13547 022844-34-4 43 lH-3a, 7-Methanoazulene, octahydro- 1 , 4 24464 019078-35-4 30 20.56 0.56 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0400] Phenol, 2-ethyl-, monochloro deriv. 11352 074313-01-2 38 Benzenemethanol, 2-chloro- . alpha . -met 11355 013524-04-4 35 Benzo [ 3 , 4 ] cyclobuta [ 1 , 2-a ] cyclobuta [b 49143 056978-65-5 35 20.65 0.87 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0401] Bicyclo [ 6. 1.0 ] nonane , 9- ( 1-methylethy 13568 056666-90-1 27 lH-3a, 7-Methanoazulene, octahydro- 1 , 4 24464 019078-35-4 25

[0402] Cyclohexane, 1 , 2-propadienyl- 3989 005664-17-5 25 20.72 0.71 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L lH-2-Benzothiopyran, octahydro-, cis- 11479 054340-74-8 9

[0403] Diethyl (2 , 6-dimethyl-2 , 7-octadienyl ) 42067 000000-00-0 2

[0404] Phosphorami dothioic acid, O,S-dimethy 7615 010265-92-6 1 20.82 0.91 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69947 000489-39-4 91 lH-3a, 7-Methanoazulene, octahydro- 1 , 4 24464 019078-35-4 74 lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 23964 000489-39-4 62 20.90 0.56 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0405] Citral (isomer 1) cis, trans- 10285 000000-00-0 12 lH-3a, 7-Methanoazulene, octahydro- 1 , 4 24464 019078-35-4 11 lH-Cycloprop [e] azulen-4-ol, decahydro 28203 000552-02-3 10 20.96 0.86 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0406] Naphthalene, 2 , 6-dimethyl- 11624 000581-42-0 91

[0407] Naphthalene, 1 , 6-dimethyl- 67351 000575-43-9 76

[0408] Naphthalene, 2 , 7-dimethyl- 67330 000582-16-1 70 21.09 0.98 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0409] Quinoline, 1 , 2-dihydro-2 , 2 , 4- trimethy 16004 000147-47-7 68 2,4, 4 -Trimethyl -3 , 4 -di hydro quinoline 15996 000000-00-0 59 1-Phenyl-l-cyclohexene 12113 031017-40-0 52 21.23 1.96 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0410] Tricyclo [5.4. 0. 02 , 8 ] undec-9-ene, 2, 6, 69963 005989-08-2 84

[0411] Bicyclo [7.2.0] undec-4-ene, 4, 11, 11-tr 23940 000118-65-0 42

[0412] Norbornane, 2-chloro-l , 5 , 5-trimethyl- 15744 001126-28-9 41 21.34 0.50 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L lH-Cycloprop [e] azul ene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69947 000489-39-4 40 lH-3a, 7-Methanoazul ene, octahydro- 1 , 4 24443 025491-20-7 25 1 , 4-Methanoazulene, decahydro-4 , 8 , 8-t 23917 000475-20-7 11 21.42 0.99 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L Pentadecane 70275 000629-62-9 89

[0413] Decane, 2-methyl- 67321 006975-98-0 76 Undecane, 2-methyl- 15356 007045-71-8 70 21.48 0.17 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro-1, 1 23964 000489-39-4 92 lH-3a, 7-Methanoazulene, octahydro- 1, 4 24464 019078-35-4 90 lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro-1, 1 24446 028580-43-0 58 21.55 0.38 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0414] Naphthalene, decahydro-4a-methyl-l-me 69939 017066-67-0 42 IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69946 000489-39-4 42

[0415] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 23964 000489-39-4 42 21.65 0.50 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0416] 4 , 7-Methanoazulene, decahydro-1, 4, 9, 9 24454 020478-88-0 50 1 , 4-Hexadiene , 2 , 5-dimethyl- 2390 000927-97-9 38

[0417] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 38 21.70 0.44 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0418] . alpha . -Farnesene 69903 000502-61-4 38

[0419] 1, 6, 10-Dodecatrien-3-ol, 3, 7, 11-trime 28230 000142-50-7 16 Secobarbital 71124 000076-73-3 16 21.80 0.84 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0420] 4 , 11 , 11-Trimethyl tricyclo [ 5.3.1. 0 ( 5 , 8 24401 000000-00-0 38

[0421] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 35

[0422] 4 , 7-Methanoazulene, decahydro-1, 4, 9, 9 24454 020478-88-0 30 21.89 0.20 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0423] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 23964 000489-39-4 89

[0424] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69946 000489-39-4 89

[0425] Cyclohexane, l-methyl-2 , 4-bis ( 1-methy 17354 061142-58-3 64 21.96 0.29 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0426] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69947 000489-39-4 40

[0427] Naphthalene, decahydro-4a-methyl-l-me 69938 017066-67-0 10

[0428] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulen-4-ol, decahydro 28203 000552-02-3 10 22.01 0.24 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0429] Cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, 2-methyl 30018 074793-64-9 27 IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro-1, 1 23964 000489-39-4 25 1 , 4-Methanoazulene, decahydro-4 , 8 , 8-t 23917 000475-20-7 15 22.14 0.55 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0430] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69892 025246-27-9 84

[0431] 10-Pentadecen-5-yn-l-ol, (Z)- 28207 064275-55-4 50

[0432] 10-Undecyn- l-ol 14658 002774-84-7 50 22.21 0.21 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0433] 6-0cten- l-ol , 3 , 7-dimethyl- 67308 000106-22-9 25 6-0cten- l-ol , 3 , 7-dimethyl- 67309 000106-22-9 12 5-Dodecen- l-ol , (Z) — 18956 040642-38-4 12 22.31 0.57 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0434] Naphthalene, 1, 4, 6-trimethyl- 15380 002131-42-2 97

[0435] Naphthalene, 2, 3, 6-trimethyl- 68266 000829-26-5 96

[0436] Naphthalene, 1, 4, 6-trimethyl- 68270 002131-42-2 96 22.49 0.39 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L lH-3a, 7-Methanoazulene, octahydro- 1 , 4 24464 019078-35-4 59

[0437] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69947 000489-39-4 38

[0438] Bicyclo [ 5. 1.0 ] octane , 8- ( 1-methylethy 9899 054166-47-1 14 22.55 0.48 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69947 000489-39-4 55

[0439] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 23964 000489-39-4 40 lH-Cyclopropa [a] naphthalene, la, 2, 3, 5 69878 017334-55-3 25 22.62 0.22 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0440] Tridecane 69019 000629-50-5 91 Undecane 67317 001120-21-4 86 Tridecane 69020 000629-50-5 55 140 22.71 0.16 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0441] 1.3. 6. 10-Dodecatetraene, 3, 7, 11-trime 23948 026560-14-5 9

[0442] Bicyclo [ 4. 1.0 ] heptane-7 , 7-dicarbonitr 12494 074764-53-7 2

[0443] Acetic acid, trichloro-, ethyl ester 69216 000515-84-4 1

[0444] 141 22.76 0.13 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0445] Secobarbital 71124 000076-73-3 9

[0446] 1 , 5-Naphthalenediol , decahydro- 15248 066818-21-1 7

[0447] Secobarbital 71121 000076-73-3 4

[0448] 142 22.85 0.09 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0449] 2 ( 1H ) -Naphthalenone , octahydro- 1-meth 14096 021102-88-5 7

[0450] 2 ( 1H ) -Naphthalenone , octahydro-4a-met 14109 000938-07-8 6

[0451] 143 22.93 0.19 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0452] Cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, 2-oxo-, 67245 000611-10-9 11

[0453] Endo-pentacyclo [8.5. 1. 0 (2, 9) . 0 (5, 9) . 0 32025 000000-00-0 10

[0454] 6-0cten- l-ol , 3 , 7-dimethyl- 67309 000106-22-9 10

[0455] 144 23.09 0.33 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0456] Benzaldehyde, 2 , 4-dihydroxy-3 , 6-dimet 67948 034883-14-2 43 Cyclododecene 68017 001501-82-2 38

[0457] 2 ( 1H ) -Naphthalenone , octahydro-4a-met 14109 000938-07-8 35

[0458] 145 23.18 0.12 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0459] 4-Methyl-4-phenyl-2 , 3 : 5, 6-diepoxycycl 26762 000000-00-0 10 1-Pentene, 1, 1-dibromo- 28944 054624-36-1 9

[0460] Benzene, [ ( 4 , 5 , 5- trimethyl- 1-cyclopen 23038 055162-47-5 9

[0461] 146 23.22 0.09 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0462] Secobarbital 71121 000076-73-3 9

[0463] 1 , 2-Cyclopropanedicarboxylic acid, 3- 29060 061142-55-0 9

[0464] Naphthalene, decahydro-2-methyl- 67008 002958-76-1 9

[0465] 147 23.30 0.34 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0466] Benzene, 6-heptynyl- 15893 056293-02-8 25

[0467] Pentacyclo [7.5. 0. 0 (2, 7 ) . 0 (3, 5) . 0 (4, 8 ) 19065 000000-00-0 11

[0468] [4.4.2] Propella-3, 8, 11-triene 12098 020295-17-4 11

[0469] 148 23.40 0.25 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0470] Secobarbital 71124 000076-73-3 22

[0471] Secobarbital 71121 000076-73-3 8

[0472] Ethyl 4- (hydroxymethyl ) phenyl sulphid 14459 081518-54-9 7

[0473] 149 23.56 0.38 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0474] Naphthalene, decahydro-2 , 3-dimethoxy- 22404 042067-53-8 35 6-Nonynoic acid 10765 056630-31-0 35

[0475] 2.5. 10-Undecatrienoic acid, methyl es 21314 014261-55-3 30

[0476] 150 23.67 0.32 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0477] Benzene, 1 , 1 ' - ( 1 , 3-propanediyl ) bis- 69538 001081-75-0 91 Benzene, 1 , 1 '- ( 1 , 3-propanediyl ) bis- 21993 001081-75-0 60 Benzene, 1 , 1 '- ( 1 , 3-propanediyl ) bis- 69537 001081-75-0 52

[0478] 151 23.75 0.68 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0479] Heptadecane 71191 000629-78-7 96

[0480] Heptadecane 71194 000629-78-7 95

[0481] Tetradecane 22534 000629-59-4 95

[0482] 152 23.89 0.13 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0483] 6-0cten- l-ol , 3 , 7-dimethyl- 67308 000106-22-9 15

[0484] Endo-pentacyclo [8.5. 1. 0 (2, 9) . 0 (5, 9) . 0 32025 000000-00-0 10

[0485] 6-0cten- l-ol , 3 , 7-dimethyl- 67309 000106-22-9 10 23.95 0.04 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0486] 5 , 6-Azulenedimethanol , 1,2, 3, 3a, 8, 8a- 31135 051276-18-7 38 Bicyclo [ 6. 1.0 ] nonane , 9- (l-me thylethy 13568 056666-90-1 30 2 ( 1H ) -Naphthalenone , 3,4, 4a, 5 , 8, 8a-he 13515 055283-48-2 27 24.09 0.43 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0487] 2 , 2 ' -Bipyridine , 4 , 4 ’ -dimethyl- 68980 001134-35-6 64 Hydrazine, 1 , 2-diphenyl- 18925 000122-66-7 50

[0488] Benzene, l-methyl-2-phenoxy- 69007 003991-61-5 49 24.19 0.12 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 25

[0489] 1 , 6 , 9-Tetradecatriene 20846 061233-71-4 16

[0490] Pyridine, 3- ( 2-propenyloxy ) - 6291 018343-04-9 16 24.25 0.14 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0491] Cyclohexane, 1, 1, 2-trimethyl-3, 5-bis ( 24460 062337-97-7 30 lH-3a, 7-Methanoazulene, octahydro- 1 , 4 24443 025491-20-7 25 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 17308 017429-26-4 25 24.37 0.17 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0492] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 17308 017429-26-4 44 lH-3a, 7-Methanoazulene, octahydro- 1 , 4 24443 025491-20-7 35 2H-Pyran, 2- ( 7-heptadecynyloxy) tetrah 47754 056599-50-9 32 24.46 0.51 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0493] 9, 12-Tetradecadien-l-ol, acetate, (Z, 34377 031654-77-0 9

[0494] Acetic acid, trifluoro-, 2,2-dimethyl 41971 054833-26-0 9 lH-3a, 7-Methanoazulene, octahydro- 1 , 4 24464 019078-35-4 9 24.55 0.16 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0495] 1- (2-Ethoxyphenyl ) acetone 17203 000000-00-0 30

[0496] . alpha . -Bromophenylacetic acid 26188 004870-65-9 25

[0497] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 17308 017429-26-4 25 24.60 0.18 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0498] Androstane, (5. beta. )- 71738 000438-23-3 10

[0499] Methyl 3-bromo-2- (bromomethyl ) propion 35377 022262-60-8 10 9, 12-Tetradecadien-l-ol, acetate, (Z, 34377 031654-77-0 9 24.72 0.39 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0500] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 17308 017429-26-4 86

[0501] Cycloundecanone, oxime 18609 003189-61-5 38

[0502] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 68637 017429-26-4 38 24.77 0.47 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0503] Methyl 3-bromo-2- (bromomethyl ) propion 35377 022262-60-8 17 5- ( Ethoxycarbonylmethylene ) cyclooctan 25345 000000-00-0 11 Cyclopentane, ( 2-hexyloctyl ) - 37070 055044-77-4 10 24.88 0.17 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0504] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 68637 017429-26-4 35

[0505] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 17308 017429-26-4 35 lH-3a, 7-Methanoazulene, octahydro- 1 , 4 24443 025491-20-7 20 24.96 0.32 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0506] 5 , 8 , 11 , 14-Eicosatetraenoic acid, meth 45453 002566-89-4 35 lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69947 000489-39-4 27 1, 6, 10-Dodecatrien-3-ol, 3, 7, 11-trime 28230 000142-50-7 25 25.03 0.52 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L lH-3a, 7-Methanoazulene, octahydro- 1 , 9 23947 000508-55-4 38

[0507] Bicyclo [ 6. 1.0 ] nonane , 9- ( 1-methylethy 13568 056666-90-1 27 1, 6, 10-Dodecatrien-3-ol, 3, 7, 11-trime 70622 007212-44-4 25 25.15 0.13 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0508] Culmorin 31571 000000-00-0 46 lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69893 025246-27-9 38

[0509] 2 ( 3H ) -Naphthalenone , 4 , 4a , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8-hex 70479 004674-50-4 35 25.20 0.33 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0510] Naphthalene, decahydro-1 , 6-bis (methyl 23954 054932-90-0 50

[0511] Naphthalene, decahydro-1 , 6-bis (methyl 23925 030021-46-6 50

[0512] Bicyclo [ 6. 1.0 ] nonane , 9- ( 1-methylethy 13568 056666-90-1 49 25.29 0.82 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0513] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 17308 017429-26-4 55

[0514] 1-Naphthalenepropanol , . alpha . -etheny 43776 004549-12-6 47 1 , 6-Heptadiene, 2 , 5 , 5-trimethyl- 7059 062238-28-2 45 25.38 0.66 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0515] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 17308 017429-26-4 45

[0516] 4-Methyl-l, 4-heptadiene 2322 013857-55-1 38 lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 38 25.51 0.65 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 35

[0517] Bicyclo [ 5. 1.0 ] octane , 8- ( 1-methylethy 9899 054166-47-1 35 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 68637 017429-26-4 25 25.60 0.88 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0518] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 68637 017429-26-4 43

[0519] Cyclohexanol, 2-methyl-5- ( 1-methyleth 67076 000619-01-2 38 4 , 11 , 11-Trimethyl tricyclo [ 5.3.1. 0 ( 5 , 8 24401 000000-00-0 38 25.69 0.64 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0520] Naphthalene, decahydro-1 , 4-dimethoxy- 22393 042068-24-6 89 lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 23964 000489-39-4 55 Propane, 1, 3-dibromo- 22704 000109-64-8 47 25.79 0.46 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0521] Culmorin 31571 000000-00-0 55

[0522] Cyclohexane, 1, 1, 2-trimethyl-3, 5-bis ( 24460 062337-97-7 49 lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 23964 000489-39-4 46 25.88 0.93 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0523] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 17308 017429-26-4 42

[0524] 2-Decalone, c&t 10378 004832-17-1 38

[0525] 2 ( 1H ) -Naphthalenone , octahydro-, tran 10332 016021-08-2 38 26.02 1.63 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0526] Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester 72011 000112-39-0 96 Pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methy 37806 005129-60-2 91

[0527] Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester 72010 000112-39-0 90 26.18 0.40 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro-1, 1 24446 028580-43-0 83 lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro-1, 1 69947 000489-39-4 78 lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro-1, 1 23964 000489-39-4 78 26.25 0.73 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 23964 000489-39-4 64 1 , 5-Heptadiene, 2 , 5-dimethyl-3-methyl 6663 074663-83-5 45 lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 38 26.40 0.81 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0528] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 17308 017429-26-4 50

[0529] Cyclohexanol, 2-methyl-5- ( 1-methyleth 67076 000619-01-2 46 Bicyclo [ 6. 1.0 ] nonane , 9- ( 1-methylethy 13568 056666-90-1 43 26.43 1.01 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0530] Hexadecanoic acid 71609 000057-10-3 70

[0531] 2H-Cyclohepta [b] furan-2-one, 3, 3a, 4, 7 33511 033649-15-9 38

[0532] 3-Cyclohexen- l-ol , 5- (2-butenylidene) 20803 066465-80-3 30 26.61 1.35 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 64 lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69947 000489-39-4 55 1 , 4-Methanoazulene, decahydro-4 , 8 , 8-t 23917 000475-20-7 38 26.77 0.37 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L lH-3a, 7-Methanoazul ene, octahydro- 1 , 4 24443 025491-20-7 60

[0533] Trichothec-9-ene-4 , 15-diol, 12, 13-epo 36948 002198-92-7 46 lH-Cycloprop [e] azul ene, decahydro- 1 , 1 23964 000489-39-4 42 26.81 0.25 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0534] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 23964 000489-39-4 70 4 , 25-Secoobscurinervan-4-ol , 22-ethyl 40913 072101-12-3 50 Culmorin 31571 000000-00-0 46 26.88 0.29 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0535] [ 1, 1 ' -Biphenyl] -4 , 4 ' -dicarboxylic aci 37750 000792-74-5 4 27.02 0.37 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69947 000489-39-4 53

[0536] 4 , 11 , 11-Trimethyl tricyclo [ 5.3.1. 0 ( 5 , 8 24401 000000-00-0 50

[0537] Cyclohexane, 1, 1, 2-trimethyl-3, 5-bis ( 24457 062337-96-6 45 27.12 0.32 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0538] Ethanone, 1 , 2-diphenyl- , oxime 25615 000952-06-7 38

[0539] Benzothiazole, 2-phenyl- 25602 000883-93-2 38

[0540] 1 , 3-Benzenedi carboxylic acid, 5-nitro 25511 000618-88-2 30 27.16 0.16 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0541] 2H-Pyran, 2- ( 7-heptadecynyloxy) tetrah 47754 056599-50-9 47 lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 23964 000489-39-4 42 lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 38 27.22 0.40 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0542] Trichothec-9-ene-4, 15-diol, 12, 13-epo 36948 002198-92-7 10 Androst-5-en-4-one 38176 013583-72-7 9

[0543] 3-Cyclohexen- l-ol , 5- (2-butenylidene) 20805 066465-81-4 9 27.33 0.24 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0544] 2H-Pyran, 2- (7-heptadecynyloxy) tetrah 47754 056599-50-9 64 Androstan-3-one, 17-hydroxy-2 , 4-dimet 45426 054550-08-2 49 Naphthalene , decahydro-4 a-methyl-l-me 69939 017066-67-0 49 27.42 0.40 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0545] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 68637 017429-26-4 78

[0546] Ethyl 1- (2-formylethyl ) -2-oxocyloocta 34693 000000-00-0 53

[0547] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 38 27.55 0.40 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69947 000489-39-4 40 4 , 7-Methanoazulene, decahydro-1, 4, 9, 9 24454 020478-88-0 30 lH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 23964 000489-39-4 25 27.63 0.32 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0548] Octadecanenitrile 36799 000638-65-3 96

[0549] Heptadecanenitrile 34154 005399-02-0 95

[0550] ( IS , 15S ) -Bicyclo [ 13. 1. 0 ] hexadecan-2-o 31164 000000-00-0 80 27.70 0.61 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0551] Heptadecanoic acid, 16-methyl-, methy 72713 005129-61-3 95

[0552] Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester 72717 000112-61-8 94

[0553] Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester 72715 000112-61-8 93 27.80 0.14 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0554] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 47

[0555] Culmorin 31571 000000-00-0 35

[0556] Andros t-5-en-3-ol , 4 , 4-dimethyl- , (3. 43195 007673-17-8 25 27.93 0.34 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0557] 5, 6-Azulenedimethanol, 1 , 2 , 3 , 3a , 8 , 8a- 31135 051276-18-7 49

[0558] Cyclohexane, 1, 1, 2-trimethyl-3, 5-bis ( 24460 062337-97-7 15

[0559] 4-0ctanol, 1-bromo- 1 , 1 , 2 , 2- tetraf luor 39339 074825-24-4 14 28.05 0.53 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0560] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 17308 017429-26-4 74

[0561] Androstan-3-one, 17-hydroxy-2 , 4-dimet 45426 054550-08-2 30 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 68637 017429-26-4 25 28.20 0.41 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0562] 5 , 6-Azulenedimethanol , 1, 2, 3, 3a, 8, 8a- 31135 051276-18-7 50

[0563] Cyclohexane, 1, 1, 2-trimethyl-3, 5-bis ( 24460 062337-97-7 42

[0564] 19-Norpregn-4-ene-3, 20-dione 42846 000472-54-8 42 28.28 0.13 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0565] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 42

[0566] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 68637 017429-26-4 25

[0567] Culmorin 31571 000000-00-0 25 28.41 0.45 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0568] Culmorin 31571 000000-00-0 42

[0569] Fluoranthene 69815 000206-44-0 42

[0570] Pyrene 69820 000129-00-0 42 28.48 0.20 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0571] Culmorin 31571 000000-00-0 50

[0572] Cyclohexane, 1, 1, 2-trimethyl-3, 5-bis ( 24457 062337-96-6 35

[0573] Urs- 12-en-28-ol 55721 010153-88-5 32 28.56 0.26 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0574] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 47 5 , 6-Azulenedimethanol , 1 , 2 , 3 , 3a , 8 , 8a- 31135 051276-18-7 43 Trichothec-9-ene-4, 15-diol, 12, 13-epo 36948 002198-92-7 41 28.62 0.24 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0575] Culmorin 31571 000000-00-0 62

[0576] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 68637 017429-26-4 50

[0577] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 23964 000489-39-4 46 28.68 0.18 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0578] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 23964 000489-39-4 60

[0579] Culmorin 31571 000000-00-0 53

[0580] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69947 000489-39-4 50 28.75 0.38 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0581] Cyclohexane, 1, 1, 2-trimethyl-3, 5-bis ( 24460 062337-97-7 70

[0582] Andros t-5-en-3-ol , 4 , 4-dimethyl- , (3. 43195 007673-17-8 64

[0583] Cyclohexane, l-methyl-2 , 4-bis ( 1-methy 17354 061142-58-3 53

[0584] 28. 80 0.35 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0585] Androst-5-en-3-ol, 4 , 4-dimethyl- , (3. 43195 007673-17-8 81 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 68637 017429-26-4 60 Bi cyclo [6.1.0] nonane , 9- ( 1-methylethy 13568 056666-90-1 55 28.94 1.08 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0586] Urs-12-en-28-ol 55721 010153-88-5 38

[0587] 4-Piperidinecarboxylic acid, 4-phenyl 27386 054824-07-6 18 (-) -Globulol 28237 000489-41-8 15 29.06 0.38 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0588] Cyclohexane, l-methyl-2 , 4-bis ( 1-methy 17354 061142-58-3 60

[0589] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 23964 000489-39-4 55

[0590] Cyclohexane, l-methyl-2 , 4-bis ( 1-methy 17363 062337-95-5 53

[0591] 29.23 0.56 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0592] Culmorin 31571 000000-00-0 70

[0593] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 55

[0594] 5. alpha . -Andros tan-3. beta . -ol , 4,4-di 43529 007673-19-0 50 29.27 0.38 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0595] Andros t-5-en-3-ol , 4 , 4-dimethyl- , (3. 43195 007673-17-8 93

[0596] Culmorin 31571 000000-00-0 53

[0597] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 51 29.37 0.39 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0598] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro-1, 1 24446 028580-43-0 44

[0599] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro-1, 1 69947 000489-39-4 38

[0600] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro-1, 1 23964 000489-39-4 38 29.53 0.52 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0601] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 55 5 , 6-Azulenedimethanol , 1 , 2 , 3 , 3a , 8 , 8a- 31135 051276-18-7 50 IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 23964 000489-39-4 42 29.57 0.26 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0602] 5. alpha .Androstane, 17 -e thy 1-1, 3-dihy 45663 000000-00-0 60 IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro-1, 1 23964 000489-39-4 47 IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro-1, 1 69947 000489-39-4 47 29.64 0.61 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0603] Pregnan-20-one, 3- ( acetyloxy ) - , (3. al 50387 001491-77-6 55

[0604] Trichothec- 9-ene-4 , 15-diol, 12, 13-epo 36948 002198-92-7 49

[0605] Octadecanoic acid, ethenyl ester 44288 000111-63-7 43 29.76 0.98 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0606] 4-Acetoxy-7 , 8-dihydro ( 6H) furazano [ 3, 4 25517 000000-00-0 90

[0607] 3 , 6-Diamino-9-methylcarbazole 25606 046498-17-3 46

[0608] Phenol, 2- (2-benzoxazolyl ) - 25600 000835-64-3 43 29.85 0.44 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0609] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 24446 028580-43-0 70

[0610] Cyclop ropaneoctanoic acid, 2- [ [2- [ (2- 47540 010152-71-3 70

[0611] IH-Cycloprop [e] azulene, decahydro- 1 , 1 69947 000489-39-4 64 29.97 0.34 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0612] 2 , 5- Cyclohexa diene- 1 , 4 -di one, 2- [ ( dec 44594 039707-56-7 50 Andros tan- 3 -one, 17-hydroxy-2-methyl- 43501 054630-68-1 47 Androstan-3-one, 17-hydroxy-2 , 4-dimet 45426 054550-08-2 46 30.31 0.14 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0613] Pentacosane 49559 000629-99-2 83

[0614] Nonadecane 71948 000629-92-5 83

[0615] Tricosane 46165 000638-67-5 80 30.68 0.19 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0616] Tricyclo [4.3. 1. 13, 8] undecane, 1-chlor 18852 027011-46-7 70 1 , 2-Benzenedi carboxylic acid, diisooc 53134 027554-26-3 70 1 , 2-Benzenedi carboxylic acid, mono (2- 39132 004376-20-9 64 30.75 0.04 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0617] Androstane, (5. beta. )- 71738 000438-23-3 53

[0618] Kauren-18-ol, acetate, (4. beta. ) - 46972 072150-74-4 43 Androst-5-en-17-one, 3-methoxy-16, 16- 46969 055837-03-1 20 30.95 0.17 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L Hexadecane 70789 000544-76-3 90 Heptadecane 71193 000629-78-7 89 Docosane 44318 000629-97-0 86 31.16 0.02 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0619] 5 , 6-Azulenedimethanol , 1, 2, 3, 3a, 8, 8a- 31135 051276-18-7 45

[0620] 4, 4-Dimethyltricyclo [6.3.2. 0 (2, 5) ] tri 27677 000000-00-0 35 Androstan-3-one, 17-hydroxy-2 , 4-dimet 45426 054550-08-2 30 31.29 0.02 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0621] Culmorin 31571 000000-00-0 25

[0622] 2H-Benzocyclohepten-2-one, 1, 4a, 5, 6, 7 68637 017429-26-4 25

[0623] Mannitol, 1 , 3 , 4-tri-O-methyl- , triace 49251 019285-92-8 16 31.56 0.18 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0624] 8a (2H) -Phenanthrenol, 7-ethenyl dodeca 47239 041756-14-3 80 Tricosane 46165 000638-67-5 70

[0625] Heptadecane 71193 000629-78-7 70 31.70 0.04 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0626] 3. alpha . , 5-Cyclo-5. alpha . -choles tan-2 52582 026753-93-5 89

[0627] Andros t-5-en-3-ol , 4 , 4-dimethyl- , (3. 43195 007673-17-8 60

[0628] Trichothec- 9-ene-4 , 15-diol, 12, 13-epo 36948 002198-92-7 50 31.93 0.05 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0629] Kauren-18-ol, acetate, (4. beta. ) - 46972 072150-74-4 80

[0630] Androst-5-en-3-ol, 4 , 4-dimethyl- , (3. 43195 007673-17-8 64

[0631] 5. alpha . -Ergost-8 ( 14 ) -ene 52599 006673-69-4 45 32.15 0.11 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0632] Nonacosane 54526 000630-03-5 86

[0633] Heptadecane 71193 000629-78-7 70

[0634] Tricosane 46165 000638-67-5 70 32.35 0.18 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0635] Kauren-18-ol, acetate, (4. beta. ) - 46972 072150-74-4 91

[0636] 8a ( 2H) -Phenanthrenol , 7-ethenyl dodeca 47239 041756-14-3 45

[0637] Ergost-22-en-3-ol, ( 3. beta . , 5. alpha . , 53972 036422-25-0 42 32.49 0.03 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0638] 5 , 8 , 11 , 14-Eicosatetraenoic acid, meth 45453 002566-89-4 81

[0639] Kauran-18-al, 17- (acetyloxy )- , (4. bet 48860 055902-84-6 64

[0640] Santalol 27714 011031-45-1 53 32.57 0.07 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0641] Kauran-18-al, 17- (acetyloxy )- , (4. bet 48860 055902-84-6 44 ( 3E, 5E, 7 E) - 6-Methyl- 8- (2 , 6, 6- trimethy 35602 017974-57-1 40 Andros t-5-en-3-ol , 4 , 4-dimethyl- , (3. 43195 007673-17-8 40 32.72 0.15 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0642] Nonacosane 54526 000630-03-5 90

[0643] Heptacosane 74082 000593-49-7 86

[0644] Eicosane, 2-methyl- 42194 001560-84-5 84 33.02 0.03 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0645] . gamma . -Sitosterol 54958 000083-47-6 86

[0646] 8a ( 2H) -Phenanthrenol , 7-ethenyl dodeca 47239 041756-14-3 83 Cholestane, 4,5-epoxy-, ( 4. alpha . , 5. a 52794 006079-19-2 76 33.13 0.01 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0647] 8a ( 2H) -Phenanthrenol , 7-ethenyl dodeca 47239 041756-14-3 91 Cholestane, 4,5-epoxy-, ( 4. alpha . , 5. a 52794 006079-19-2 64 Retinol, acetate 46689 000127-47-9 59 33.27 0.05 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0648] Tetradecane 69661 000629-59-4 60

[0649] Dodecane 15347 000112-40-3 35

[0650] Cholestane, 4,5-epoxy-, ( 4. alpha . , 5. a 52794 006079-19-2 35

[0651] 33.56 0.08 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0652] Tricyclo [ 4.3. 1. 13 , 8 ] undecane, 1-bromo 29526 021898-96-4 55

[0653] Tricyclo [4.3. 1. 13, 8] undecane, 1-chlor 18852 027011-46-7 55 7H-Purin-6-amine, 7-methyl- 9421 000935-69-3 52

[0654] 33.67 0.06 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0655] Andros t-5-en-3-ol , 4 , 4-dimethyl- , (3. 43195 007673-17-8 93

[0656] Kauran-18-al, 17- (acetyloxy )- , (4. bet 48860 055902-84-6 70 p-Menth-1 (7 ) -en-9-ol 10947 029548-16-1 60

[0657] 33.81 0.17 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0658] Lanost-7-en-3-one, ( 9. beta . , 13. alpha . 55698 055515-18-9 90

[0659] Andros t-5-en-3-ol , 4 , 4-dimethyl- , (3. 43195 007673-17-8 90

[0660] Andros t-5 , 16-diene-3. beta . ol 38170 000000-00-0 64

[0661] 33.92 0.06 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0662] Andros t-5-en-3-ol , 4 , 4-dimethyl- , (3. 43195 007673-17-8 93

[0663] Androstan-3-one, 17-hydroxy-2-methyl- 43501 054630-68-1 83

[0664] Kauran-18-al, 17- (acetyloxy )- , (4. bet 48860 055902-84-6 83

[0665] 34.02 0.10 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0666] Cholestane, 4,5-epoxy-, ( 4. alpha . , 5. a 52794 006079-19-2 90 Andros t-5-en-3-ol , 4 , 4-dimethyl- , (3. 43195 007673-17-8 89 Kauran-18-al, 17- (acetyloxy )- , (4. bet 48860 055902-84-6 86

[0667] 34.39 0.11 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0668] IH-Indene, 5-butyl- 6-hexyloctahydro- 36680 055044-36-5 92

[0669] Androstan-3-one, 17-hydroxy-2 , 4-dimet 45426 054550-08-2 90

[0670] Kauran-18-al, 17- (acetyloxy )- , (4. bet 48860 055902-84-6 87

[0671] 34.65 0.05 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0672] S-Indacene , 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 6, 7 -hexahydro- 1 , 1 49778 055191-26-9 50 Cholestan-3-one, 4 , 4-dimethyl- , (5. al 54968 002097-85-0 25 ( 1H ) Indolo [2, l-a] isoquinoline, 11, 12- 48034 000000-00-0 25

[0673] 35.01 0.05 C:\DATABASE\NBS75K. L

[0674] Cholestane, 4,5-epoxy-, ( 4. alpha . , 5. a 52794 006079-19-2 86 8a ( 2H) -Phenanthrenol , 7-ethenyl dodeca 47239 041756-14-3 86 Kauran-18-al, 17- (acetyloxy )- , (4. bet 48860 055902-84-6 86

[0675] The following show the estimated amount of energy produced from rubber from tyres.

[0676] The following table shows the estimated amounts of extracted components from rubber from tyres: The above description of various embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure is provided for purposes of description to one of ordinary skill in the related art. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to a single disclosed embodiment. As mentioned above, numerous alternatives and variations to the disclosed embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art of the above teaching.

[0677] Accordingly, while some alternative embodiments have been discussed specifically, other embodiments will be apparent or relatively easily developed by those of ordinary skill in the art. Accordingly, this disclosure is intended to embrace all alternatives, modifications and variations of the disclosed subject matter that have been discussed herein, and other embodiments that fall within the spirit and scope of the above described subject matter.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A carbonization assembly comprising: a, or a plurality of, microwave chambers, the / each microwave chamber having a stationary outer tube and a rotatable inner tube, wherein a plurality of magnetrons are located about the outer tube; a feed inlet connected adjacent or at a first end of one of the microwave chambers; a char outlet connected adjacent or at a second end of one of the microwave chambers; wherein the, or each, microwave chamber is adapted to remove volatile components.

2. The carbonization assembly of claim 1, wherein the inner tube is independently rotatable relative to the outer tube.

3. The carbonization assembly of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the inner tube comprises or is formed of quartz, high grade quartz and / or fused quartz.

4. The carbonization assembly of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the inner surface of the inner tube comprises corrugation(s).

5. A carbonization assembly comprising: a, or a plurality of, microwave chambers, the / each microwave chamber having a, or a plurality of, conveyor belt(s) located within the micro wave chamber(s); a feed inlet connected adjacent or at a first end of the, or the first, microwave chamber; a char outlet connected adjacent or at a second end of the, or one of the, microwave chamber(s); an agitator to agitate the rubber feedstock as it transitions through the, or the plurality of, micro wave chamber(s); wherein the, or each, microwave chamber is adapted to remove volatile components.

6. The carbonization assembly of any one of the preceding claims, wherein each microwave chamber comprises a gas outlet adapted to remove volatiles released from the rubber feedstock.

7. The carbonization assembly of any one of the preceding claims, wherein each microwave chamber is adapted to operate under negative pressure.

8. The carbonization assembly of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the char outlet is adapted to cool down the contents thereof to 60-70°C.

9. The carbonization assembly of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the, or the plurality of, microwave chamber(s) are angled at about 0°, between about 1° and about 25°, between about 1° and about 10°, between about 2° and about 9°, between about 3° and about 8°, between about 4° and 6°, or about 5°, relative to horizontal.

10. The carbonization assembly of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the microwave chamber is adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 40°C and about 500°C, between about 40°C and about 400°C, between about 40°C and about 360°C, between about 40°C and about 180°C, between about 180°C and about 210°C, between about 210°C and about 300°C, between about 300°C and about 400°C, or between about 300°C and about 360°C.

11. The carbonization assembly of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the carbonization assembly comprises 1, 2, 3, 4. . .n microwave chambers wherein n is an integer.

12. The carbonization assembly of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the carbonization assembly comprises 3 chambers.

13. The carbonization assembly of claim 12, wherein the carbonization assembly comprises: a first microwave chamber adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 40°C and about 180°C, a second microwave chamber adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 180°C and about 210°C, and a third microwave chamber adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 210°C and about 300°C.

14. The carbonization assembly of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the carbonization assembly comprises 4 chambers.

15. The carbonization assembly of claim 14, wherein the carbonization assembly comprises: a first microwave chamber adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 40°C and about 180°C, a second microwave chamber adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 180°C and about 210°C, a third microwave chamber adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 210°C and about 300°C, and a fourth microwave chamber adapted to heat the rubber feedstock to a temperature between about 300°C and about 360°C.

16. The carbonization assembly of any one of the preceding claims, wherein, resident time in each microwave chamber is between 5 minutes and 60 minutes, between 10 minutes and 45 minutes, between 15 minutes and 30 minutes, between about 15 minutes and 20 minutes.

17. The carbonization assembly of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the diameter of the first microwave chamber, the second microwave chamber, the third microwave chamber and / or fourth microwave chamber are different.

18. The carbonization assembly of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the microwave chambers are in series.

19. The carbonization assembly of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rubber feedstock has a diameter of between about 0. 1mm and about 200mm, between about 3mm and about 12mm, between about 4mm and about 8mm, between about 4mm and about 7mm, or about 6mm.

20. The carbonization assembly of claim 4, wherein the corrugation(s) comprise or is a thread.

21. The carbonization assembly of claim 20, wherein the thread is a single continuous thread.

22. A method for continuous extraction of components from rubber including: providing an uncontaminated rubber feedstock; heating the rubber feedstock using microwave at a first temperature to remove a first volatile; heating the rubber feedstock using microwave at a second temperature to remove a second volatile; wherein the heating steps are completed whilst the rubber feedstock is constantly redistributed; to thereby extract components from rubber.

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