A reamer and a reamer and floating head assembly

Abstract

The invention relates to a reamer and to a reamer and floating head assembly. The task of the invention is to provide a reamer that will provide for high machining accuracy, will be adjustable for machining workpieces having different diameters and will allow for quick restoration or replacement of blades and guides. A reamer (1; 101) comprises a head (2; 102), at least three guides (3; 103), each consisting of a guide part (3 a; 103 a), movably arranged in the head, and a pointed part (3b; 103b), the guides being arranged at an angle φ with respect to the central axis of the head, and wherein part of the surface of the pointed part of the respective guide, which is intended to come in contact with the workpiece, is arranged at the same angle φ with respect to the central axis of the respective guide so that part of the surface of the pointed part of the respective guide, which is intended to come in contact with the workpiece, is arranged parallel to the central axis of the head, a blade holder (4; 104), an adjusting screw (5; 105) of the guides, elements (3c, 5a, 5b, 11, 12; 103c, 111) for transferring the translational movement of the adjusting screw (5; 105) of the guides to the guides and the blade holder, and a blade (6; 106) for machining the workpiece.

Description

[0001] A reamer and a reamer and floating head assembly

[0002] Field of invention

[0003] The invention relates to a reamer for precision machining by turning the outer or inner diameter of a workpiece and to a reamer and floating head assembly.

[0004] Prior Art

[0005] In conventional turning, a workpiece is clamped in the chuck of a machine tool in such a way that the surface to be machined is accessible from another direction. A processing blade is guided from this direction depending on the necessary machining operations. However, this type of machining is not sufficient when high machining accuracy is required. To produce dimensions in more precise tolerance ranges, the workpiece can be subsequently ground after rough machining or processed with dedicated tools for precision machining, which are particularly suitable for large-scale production. Some of the reasons why conventional turning cannot achieve sufficient precision are vibrations, deviation due to deviations of the machine itself, bending of the workpiece, as the cutting force acts on only one side, etc.

[0006] Dedicated reamers are most commonly used for the batch production of precison-tumed pieces with defined accuracy in micrometres.

[0007] A single tip reamer is known from prior art, which is disclosed in DE 40 07 175 Al. The reamer has a cutter head with a cutting pad and two guide rails made of plastics and intended for fine machining of bores. The tool provides precise surface machining, but its weakness is that it is essentially a dedicated tool for machining a workpiece of a certain diameter. When the user wants to machine a workpiece of a different diameter, a new tool must be ordered, which entails high costs.

[0008] Document GB 1366761 A discloses an adjustable tool for precision machining, with which it is possible to machine workpieces in a certain range of different diameters.

[0009] The adjustable reamer comprises an elongated cylindrical holder having an axial slot and a pair of juxtaposed blades radially slidable in the slot in a radial direction. The axially movable cam engages said blades to move them simultaneously radially outwards or inwards. The advantage of said reamer is that it enables workpieces of different diameters to be machined due to the adjustability of the blades. Since the two blades are placed diametrically opposite each other, the bending cutting forces cancel each other out, which increases the machining accuracy. A disadvantage of the reamer lies in the fact that the two blades are placed only in one plane, which does not provide sufficient support to the workpiece, which is necessary to compensate for errors due to imperfect alignment of the machining tool and the workpiece.

[0010] Document JP 2003165021 A discloses an adjustable reamer with dedicated machining blades that also serve as support guides for the workpiece. The machining diameter is adjusted by turning the nut which moves the cone inside the tool which pushes the machining blades to the desired machining diameter. The main problem with such a tool is that it does not provide for precise machining along the entire depth of the bore, as the machining blade or guide starts rather behind the front tip of the tool. The tip of the tool, however, limits the depth to which the tool can be pushed into the bore.

[0011] Oscillating heads (sometimes called floating heads) are also known from prior art, which are installed between a reamer and a machine. Springs are built into the oscillating head, which enable radial movements of the reamer relative to the workpiece axis. In this way, the reamer constantly adjusts to the position of the workpiece during machining, which reduces machining errors due to axial misalignment of the workpiece axis and the clamping axis, as well as due to vibrations. The oscillating head therefore flexibly connects the reamer to the machining tool. The lower the weight of the moving part of the oscillating head, the higher the machining accuracy.

[0012] Technical problem

[0013] The technical problem is how to provide a reamer that will provide for high machining accuracy, will be adjustable for machining workpieces having different diameters and will allow for quick restoration or replacement of blades and guides. A further task of the invention is to provide a reamer for machining the inner diameter of a workpiece, which will enable machining along the entire length of the hole. A further task of the invention is to provide a floating head having a low weight of the moving part of the floating head that will allow higher machining accuracy.

[0014] Solution to the technical problem

[0015] The technical problem is solved by a reamer that comprises:

[0016] - a head,

[0017] - at least three guides, preferably four guides, each of the guides consisting of a guide part movably arranged in the head and a pointed part that connects to the guide part in its longitudinal axis by protruding from the head, the guides being arranged concentrically around the central axis of the head, the guides being fixable in the head by means of fastening means of the guides, the guides in the head being arranged at an angle cp with respect to the central axis of the head, and wherein part of the surface of the pointed part of the respective guide, which is intended to come in contact with the workpiece, is arranged at the same angle cp with respect to the central axis of the respective guide so that part of the surface of the pointed part of the respective guide, which is intended to come in contact with the workpiece, is arranged parallel to the central axis of the head,

[0018] - a blade holder that is arranged in the head so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the head and fixable in the head by means of at least one fastening screw of the blade holder,

[0019] - an adjusting screw of the guides, which engages the head via a thread and is arranged in such a way to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the head during its rotation,

[0020] - elements for transferring the translational movement of the adjusting screw of the guides to the guides and the blade holder, and

[0021] - a blade for machining the workpiece, which is arranged to be movable in the radial direction relative to the head by means of the blade position adjusting screw and which is fixable by means of the blade fastening screw.

[0022] In the case of a reamer intended for turning the inner diameter of the workpiece, the guides are arranged so that their centerlines diverge in the direction towards the workpiece, while in the case of a reamer intended for turning the outer diameter of the workpiece, the guides are arranged so that their centerlines converge in the direction towards the workpiece.

[0023] The advantage of the reamer of the invention is that it renders high machining accuracy possible, is adjustable for machining workpieces having different diameters, and facilitates quick restoration or replacement of blades and guides. In addition, the construction of the reamer is such that it allows coolant to be supplied to the blade during machining, which provides for flushing the shavings and cooling the blade and the machining surface.

[0024] Figure 1: Exploded view of a reamer for external diameter turning

[0025] Figure 2: Exploded view of a reamer for internal diameter turning

[0026] Figure 3: External diameter turning reamer

[0027] Figure 4: Internal diameter turning reamer

[0028] Figure 5: External diameter turning reamer in cross-section, front and side views

[0029] Figure 6: Internal diameter turning reamer, bottom view, cross-section, top and front views

[0030] Figure 7: External diameter turning reamer with square guides having recesses

[0031] Figure 8: Examples of different external diameter turning reamer guides in cross section

[0032] Figure 9: Floating head as known from prior art

[0033] Figure 10: Reamer and floating head assembly

[0034] The invention is described in more detail in the following.

[0035] The technical problem is solved by a reamer 1; 101 that comprises:

[0036] - a head 2; 102, - at least three guides 3; 103, preferably four guides, each of the guides consisting of a guide part 3a; 103a, movably arranged in the head, and a pointed part 3b; 103b that connects to the guide part in its longitudinal axis by protruding from the head, the guides being arranged concentrically around the central axis of the head, the guides being fixable in the head by means of fastening means 10; 110 of the guides, the guides in the head being arranged at an angle cp with respect to the central axis of the head, and wherein part of the surface of the pointed part of the respective guide, which is intended to come in contact with the workpiece, is arranged at the same angle cp with respect to the central axis of the respective guide so that part of the surface of the pointed part of the respective guide, which is intended to come in contact with the workpiece, is arranged parallel to the central axis of the head,

[0037] - a blade holder 4; 104 that is arranged in the head so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the head and fixable in the head by means of at least one fastening screw 9; 109 of the blade holder,

[0038] - an adjusting screw 5; 105 of the guides, which engages the head via a thread and is arranged in such a way to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the head during its rotation,

[0039] - elements 3c, 5a, 5b, 11, 12; 103c, 111 for transferring the translational movement of the adjusting screw 5; 105 of the guides to the guides and the blade holder, and

[0040] - a blade 6; 106 for machining the workpiece, which is arranged to be movable in the radial direction relative to the head by means of the blade position adjusting screw 7; 107 and which is fixable by means of the blade fastening screw 8; 108.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment, the head 2, 102 is cylindrical in shape.

[0042] The reamer makes machining of workpieces having different diameters possible. The reamer is set to receive workpieces having different diameters by moving the guides 3; 103 in the head 2; 102. It is essential that all guides move simultaneously. The movement simultaneity is achieved by the guide adjusting screw 5; 105 which is formed as a threaded pin with a hexagonal hole, which engages the threaded hole in the head, which is formed in the axial direction of the head. It is recommended that the angle cp be selected in the range of 1° to 5°, preferably 3° to 4°, most preferably about 3.8°.

[0043] The pointed part 3b; 103b of the guides is formed at the end facing the workpiece during machining by a chamfer 3e; 103e. During machining, the chamfer allows for an easier entry of the workpiece into the guides or onto the guides, respectively.

[0044] It is recommended that the position of the blade be set in such a way that the blade comes into contact with the workpiece first, and then, after a movement of about 0.25 mm, also the guides which give the workpiece support and thus prevent a machining error that would occur due to the workpiece bending or due to vibrations during machining.

[0045] In case of a wear of a portion of the surface of the pointed part 3b; 103b of a respective guide which is intended to come in contact with the workpiece, the guide fastening means 10; 110 are released, the respective guide is rotated around its own axis by an appropriate angle so that during machining the workpiece will come into contact with the still unworn portion of the surface of the pointed part 3b; 103b of the respective guide and the fastening means 10; 110 of the guides are re-fastened. When all portions of the surface of the pointed part 3b; 103b of the guide are worn, they can be easily removed from the head and replaced with new ones.

[0046] In the reamer for turning the outer diameter of a workpiece, the fastening means of the guides, with which the position of the guides 3 in the head is fixable, are formed by fastening screws 10 of the guides, which are arranged in the threaded holes in the head in such a way that in the fixed state they exert pressure on the guide part 3a of the guides.

[0047] In the reamer for turning the inner diameter of a workpiece, the fastening means of the guides, with which the position of the guides 103 in the head is fixable, are formed by a fastening screw 110 of the guides, which is arranged in the threaded hole in the axial direction of the head so that it exerts pressure in the fixed state to the surface 103d of the guides, which faces away from the workpiece during machining.

[0048] The reamer for turning the outer diameter of a workpiece has elements for transferring the translational movement of the adjusting screw to the guides and the blade holder, which are formed by the groove 3c of the guides, which engages a tongue 5a of the adjusting screw to transfer the translational movement of the adjusting screw to the guides and by a groove 5b of the adjusting screw, which engages the pin 11 to transfer the translational movement of the adjusting screw 5 to the blade holder 4 indirectly via the lock element 12 of the blade holder position.

[0049] The reamer for turning the outer diameter of a workpiece has a blade holder 4 and a lock element 12 of the blade holder position formed in the form of a dovetail, the blade holder

[0050] 4 and the lock element 12 of the blade holder position being arranged in a matching recess in the form of a dovetail in the head 2. A bottom 2a of the dovetail recess in the head 2 and the adjacent surfaces 4a, 12a of the blade holder 4 and the lock element 12 of the blade holder position can be formed as profiled surfaces. The profiled surfaces provide for greater rigidity of the blade holder in the head. The bottom 2a of the dovetail recess in the head 2 can be inclined in the longitudinal direction of the head at the same angle cp with respect to the central axis of the head as the guides. The inclination renders it possible for the blade 6, together with the guides, to be placed in the appropriate position for machining a workpiece having a different diameter when the adjusting screw

[0051] 5 is rotated. If there is no inclination, the radial position of the blade must be readjusted when the adjusting screw is rotated. When the position of the guides and the blade is set, it is necessary to fix the fastening screw 8 of the blade, the fastening screw 9 of the blade holder and the fastening screws 10 of the guides.

[0052] The reamer for turning the inner diameter of a workpiece has elements for transferring translational movement of the adjusting screw to the guides and the blade holder, which consist of a groove 103c of the guides, which engages the adjusting screw 105 for transferring translational movement of the adjusting screw to the guides and the adjusting screw 111 of the axial position for transferring translational movement of the adjusting screw 105 to the blade holder 104. The blade holder 104 comprises a guide part 104a of the holder and a holding part 104b of the blade, which are inseparably connected to each other, e.g. by brazing. The blade holder 104 can be arranged in the central axis of the head, which provides for a compact construction of the reamer, which is also suitable for machining workpieces having a hole of a smaller diameter, such as 10 mm. In the case of a reamer for turning the outer diameter of a workpiece, the cross-sectional shape of the respective guide 3 is selected from the group consisting of a circle 3' and a polygon, such as equilateral triangle, square 3", hexagon 3"', octagon, etc., the sides of the polygon being preferably provided with circular recesses 3 "a; 3 '"a in the longitudinal direction of the guide, the radius of a respective circular recess being selected in a way that it is larger than or equal to the largest radius of the workpiece to be machined.

[0053] In a reamer for turning the inner diameter of a workpiece, the cross-sectional shape of the guide is selected from the group consisting of a circle and a polygon, such as equilateral triangle, square, hexagon, octagon, etc., the sides of the polygon being preferably provided with circular protrusions in the longitudinal direction of the guide, the radius of a respective circular protrusion being selected in a way that it is smaller than or equal to the smallest radius of the workpiece to be machined.

[0054] In the case of a reamer for turning the inner diameter of a workpiece, the blade is generally arranged at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the holder so that its cutting tip protrudes in the direction of the workpiece to be machined, since in this way it is possible to machine a hole to a depth of less than 0,5 mm from the wall of the hole. When the diameter of the workpiece is changed, the same longitudinal movement of the blade and guides is achieved by rotating the adjusting screw 105, yet the blade does not move in the radial direction. The position of the blade is adjusted in the radial direction to the changed diameter of the workpiece by means of the blade position adjusting screw 107. When the radial position is set, the blade is fixed in the blade holder by means of the blade's fastening screw 108. As the blade is arranged in the blade holder in an inclined position, this adjustment destroys the longitudinal adjustment of the blade with respect to the guides. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the axial position, which is achieved by rotating the adjusting screw 111 of the axial position. When the axial position is also set, the blade holder is fastened by means of at least one of fastening screw 109 of the blade holder. Both the reamer for turning the inner diameter of the workpiece and the reamer for turning the outer diameter of the workpiece can be provided with a canal 20, 120 for supplying coolant during machining.

[0055] Figure 9 shows a floating head 200, known from prior art, which comprises a first set 210 of parts, which further comprises at least a hollow shaft 211 which can receive a clamping shaft of the reamer in the first end with an intermediate arrangement of a chuck (not shown in the figure); a second set 220 of parts, which further comprises at least a clamping shaft 221 for connection to the machining tool, and an annular part 222 integrally connected to the clamping shaft 221 for connection to the machining tool and receiving the other end of the hollow shaft 211 in its interior; and springs 230 interconnecting the first 210 and the second 220 sets of parts, such that the first set of parts is movable in the radial direction with respect to the second set of parts. It also comprises a shaft 223 which prevents the rotation of the first set 210 of parts with respect to the second set 220 of parts.

[0056] The invention further relates to an assembly of the above-described reamer and floating head 300, which comprises:

[0057] - a first set 310 of parts, which further comprises at least a flanged annular part 311 with an internal thread for connection to the reamer;

[0058] - a second set 320 of parts, which further comprises at least a clamping shaft 321 for connection to the machining tool, and a shaft 322, which is received by the flanged annular part 311; and

[0059] - springs 330 which innterconnect the first 310 and the second 320 sets of parts so that the first set of parts is movable in the radial direction with respect to the second set of parts, the reamer being provided on its periphery with an external thread for connection with the internal thread of the flanged annular part 311 of the floating head. With the construction described above, the weight of the first set of parts of the floating head can be reduced as much as to half the weight of the first set of parts of the floating head known from prior art, which is reflected in higher machining accuracy.

[0060] The described reamer and floating head assembly is further characterized in that the first set 310 of parts of the floating head further comprises:

[0061] - a slide bush 312 placed inside the flanged annular part 311,

[0062] - a cover plate 313 closing the slide bush 312 in the flanged annular part 311,

[0063] - a snap ring 314 for fixing the cover plate 313, and that the second set 320 of parts of the floating head further comprises:

[0064] - a diameter adapter 323,

[0065] - a nut 324 connecting the diameter adapter 323 to the clamping shaft 321,

[0066] - a spring casing 325 connected to the diameter adapter 323,

[0067] - sliding pins 326 that are pre-tensioned by springs 330 and rest against the slide bush 312,

[0068] - a radial cage 327 that prevents the springs 330 and sliding pins 326 from falling out of the casing 325,

[0069] - a cage 328 with bearing balls that prevent the movement of the first set 310 of parts in the axial direction.

[0070] The shaft 322 prevents the rotation of the first set 310 of parts with respect to the second set 320 of parts. The shaft has a rounded hex head at both ends and connects the spring casing 325 to the cover plate 313. The shaft thus provides for the movement of the first set of parts of the floating head in the radial direction, but prevents the rotation of same with respect to the second set of parts during machining.

[0071] The shaft 322 and the clamping shaft 321 may be provided with a bore hole in their axial direction to allow coolant to be supplied to the reamer.

[0072] The floating head further comprises o-rings 329 which prevent the coolant from entering the space, in which the springs are arranged.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on October 28, 2024 (28.10.2024)Patent claims1. A reamer (1; 101) that comprises:- a head (2; 102),- at least three guides (3; 103), preferably four guides, each of the guides consisting of a guide part (3a; 103a), movably arranged in the head and a pointed part (3b; 103b) that connects to the guide part in its longitudinal axis by protruding from the head, the guides being arranged concentrically around the central axis of the head, the guides being fixable in the head by means of fastening means (10; 110) of the guides, the guides in the head being arranged at an angle cp with respect to the central axis of the head, and wherein part of the surface of the pointed part of the respective guide, which is intended to come in contact with the workpiece, is arranged at the same angle cp with respect to the central axis of the respective guide so that part of the surface of the pointed part of the respective guide, which is intended to come in contact with the workpiece, is arranged parallel to the central axis of the head,- a blade holder (4; 104) that is arranged in the head so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the head and fixable in the head by means of at least one fastening screw (9; 109) of the blade holder,- an adjusting screw (5; 105) of the guides, which engages the head via a thread and is arranged in such a way to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the head during its rotation,- elements (3c, 5a, 5b, 11, 12; 103c, 111) for transferring the translational movement of the adjusting screw (5; 105) of the guides to the guides and the blade holder, and- a blade (6; 106) for machining the workpiece, which is arranged to be movable in the radial direction relative to the head by means of a blade position adjusting screw (7; 107) and which is fixable by means of a blade fastening screw (8; 108).

2. Reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that the head (2, 102) is cylindrical.AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)3. Reamer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adjusting screw (5; 105) of the guides is formed as a threaded pin with a hexagonal hole that engages a threaded hole in the head (2; 102), which is formed in the axial direction of the head.

4. Reamer according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle (p is selected in the range from 1° to 5°, preferably 3° to 4°, most preferably about 3.8°.

5. Reamer according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pointed part (3b; 103b) of the guides is provided with a chamfer (3e; 103e) at the end which faces the workpiece during machining.

6. Reamer according to any of the preceding claims for turning the outer diameter of a workpiece, characterized in that the fastening means of the guides, with which it is possible to fix the position of the guides (3) in the head, are formed by fastening screws (10) of the guides, which are arranged in the threaded holes in the head so that they exert pressure on the guide part (3a) of the guides in the fixed state.

7. Reamer according to any of the preceding claims for turning the outer diameter of a workpiece, characterized by having elements for transferring the translational movement of the adjusting screw to the guides and the blade holder, which are formed by a groove (3c) of the guides, which engages a tongue (5a) of the adjusting screw to transfer the translational movement of the adjusting screw to the guides and by a groove (5b) of the adjusting screw, which engages the pin (11) to transfer the translational movement of the adjusting screw (5) to the blade holder (4) indirectly via the lock element (12) of the blade holder position.

8. Reamer according to any of the preceding claims for turning the outer diameter of a workpiece, characterized in that the blade holder (4) and the lock element (12) ofAMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)the blade holder position are formed in the form of a dovetail, wherein the blade holder (4) and the lock element (12) of the blade holder position are arranged in a matching dovetail cutout in the head (2), with the bottom (2a) of the dovetail cutout in the head (2) and the adjacent surface (4a, 12a) of the blade holder (4) and the lock element (12) of the blade holder position being preferably formed as profiled surfaces.

9. Reamer according to claim 8, characterized in that the bottom (2a) of the dovetail cutout in the head (2) is inclined in the longitudinal direction of the head at the same angle cp with respect to the central axis of the head as the guides.

10. Reamer according to any of the preceding claims for turning the outer diameter of a workpiece, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the respective guide (3) is selected from the group consisting of a circle (3') and a polygon, such as equilateral triangle, square (3"), hexagon (3"'), octagon, etc., wherein the sides of the polygon are preferably provided with circular recesses (3 "a; 3 '"a) in the longitudinal direction of the guide, the radius of a respective circular recess being selected in a way that it is larger than or equal to the largest radius of the workpiece to be machined.

11. Reamer according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for turning the inner diameter of a workpiece, characterized in that the fastening means of the guides, with which it is possible to fix the position of the guides (103) in the head, are formed by the fastening screw (110) of the guides, which is arranged in the threaded hole in the axial direction of the head in such a way that, in the fixed state, it exerts pressure on the surface (103d) of the guides, which faces away from the workpiece during machining.

12. Reamer according to claim 11 or any of claims 1 to 5 for turning the inner diameter of a workpiece, characterized in that the elements for transferring theAMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)translational movement of the adjusting screw to the guides and the blade holder are formed by a groove (103c) of the guides, which engages the adjusting screw (105) to transfer the translational movement of the adjusting screw to the guides and the adjusting screw (111) of the axial position to transfer the translational movement of the adjusting screw (105) to the blade holder (104).

13. Reamer according to claim 11, 12 or any of claims 1 to 5 for turning the inner diameter of a workpiece, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of a respective guide is selected from the group consisting of a circle and a polygon, such as equilateral triangle, square, hexagon, octagon, etc., the sides of the polygon being preferably provided with circular protrusions in the longitudinal direction of the guide, the radius of each circular protrusion being selected in a way that it is smaller than or equal to the smallest radius of the workpiece to be machined.

14. Reamer according to any one of claims 11 to 13 or 1 to 5 for turning the inner diameter of a workpiece, characterized in that the blade holder (104) comprises the guide part (104a) of the holder and the blade holding part (104b), which are inseparably connected to each other, e.g. by brazing, wherein the blade holder (104) is preferably located in the central axis of the head.

15. Assembly comprising a reamer according to any of the preceding claims and floating head (300), comprising:- a first set (310) of parts, which further comprises at least a flanged annular part (311) with an internal thread for connection to the reamer;- a second set (320) of parts, which further comprises at least a clamping shaft (321) for connection to the machining tool and a shaft (322), which is received by the flanged annular part (311) andAMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)- springs (330) which interconnect the first (310) and the second (320) sets of parts so that the first set of parts is movable in the radial direction with respect to the second set of parts, the reamer being provided on its periphery with an external thread for connection with the internal thread of the flanged annular part (311) of the floating head.

16. Assembly according to claim 15, characterized in that the first set (310) of parts of the floating head parts further comprises:- a slide bush (312) placed inside the flanged annular part (311),- a cover plate (313) closing the slide bush (312) in the flanged annular part (311)- a snap ring (314) for fixing the cover plate (313), and in that the second set (320) of parts of the floating head further comprises:- a diameter adapter (323),- a nut (324) connecting the diameter adapter (323) to the clamping shaft (321),- a spring casing (325) connected to the diameter adapter (323),- sliding pins (326) that are pre-tensioned by springs (330) and rest against the slide bush (312),- a radial cage (327) that prevents the springs (330) and sliding pins (326) from falling out of the spring casing (325),- a cage (328) with bearing balls that prevent the movement of the first set (310) of parts in the axial direction.AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)

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