A hinge honing device for a horizontal milling machine, a horizontal milling machine and a correction method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of horizontal milling machine hinge honing device, horizontal milling machine and correction method in cutter technical field, to solve the problem of axis position deviation between cutter and main shaft in prior art.It includes tool bar;Tool handle, for being connected with horizontal milling machine main shaft;Tool correction mechanism, the tool correction mechanism is installed between the tool handle and the tool bar, for adjusting the coaxial degree of the tool handle and the tool bar and the runout of the tool handle;Twist processing mechanism, installed on the tool bar, for twist cutting processing to workpiece hole;Honing mechanism, installed on the tool bar, for honing processing to the hole after twist cutting;The application meets the processing demand of multiple workpieces, improves process adaptability, especially suitable for high-precision inner hole machining occasions such as hydraulic valve body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cutting tool technology, and in particular to a honing device for a horizontal milling machine, a horizontal milling machine, and a honing method. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic valves for mining excavators are core components of construction machinery, and their performance directly determines the stability, response speed, and operational reliability of the entire system. Currently, hydraulic valves for large-tonnage mining excavators are still mainly imported, and the production capacity of OEMs is constrained by foreign suppliers. In the final precision machining stage of the valve core hole in the hydraulic valve body, the industry generally adopts honing technology: multiple honing stones on the circumference of the honing head are radially pressed against the workpiece hole wall by an expansion mechanism, and the rotation and reciprocating motion of the honing head together create a cross-shaped pattern on the hole wall, achieving precision machining. However, the long procurement cycle and huge upfront investment of large honing equipment have become a major bottleneck in the localization of hydraulic valves for large-tonnage mining excavators.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new precision honing process for hydraulic valve bodies that is lower in cost, has better rigidity, and can actively correct the deviation of the valve core hole axis position during the final finishing stage, thereby stably meeting the high coaxiality requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a horizontal milling machine honing device, a horizontal milling machine, and a correction method to adapt to various workpiece processing requirements and improve process adaptability, especially suitable for high-precision internal hole processing applications such as hydraulic valve bodies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a reaming device for a horizontal milling machine, comprising: Tool holder; Tool holder, used for connecting to the spindle of a horizontal milling machine; A tool straightening mechanism is installed between the tool holder and the tool bar to adjust the coaxiality of the tool holder and the tool bar, as well as the runout of the tool holder. A reaming mechanism, mounted on the tool holder, is used for reaming the workpiece hole; A honing mechanism, mounted on the tool holder, is used to hone the reamed hole.

[0006] By setting a correction mechanism between the tool holder and the tool bar to ensure coaxiality, and integrating reaming and honing functions, composite machining of workpiece holes is realized.

[0007] Furthermore, the tool alignment mechanism includes a coaxial leveling component and a rotary leveling component. The coaxial leveling component is used to adjust the coaxiality of the tool holder and the tool bar in conjunction with a coaxial reference. The rotary leveling component is used to adjust the runout of the tool holder in conjunction with a rotary reference.

[0008] Coaxial leveling components, working in conjunction with a coaxial reference, fine-tune the coaxiality of the tool holder and tool shank to ensure they are aligned on the axis, thus avoiding machining errors caused by coaxiality deviations. Rotary leveling components, working in conjunction with a rotary reference, precisely control the runout of the tool holder. Accurate runout adjustment not only improves tool stability during high-speed rotation but also effectively extends tool life and enhances workpiece accuracy and surface quality.

[0009] Furthermore, the tool alignment mechanism also includes a positioning pin, which is used to achieve precise positioning of the tool holder and the tool bar.

[0010] The precise fit of the locating pins ensures that the tool holder and tool shank maintain the correct relative position during connection, thereby improving the overall accuracy and stability of the tool.

[0011] Furthermore, the reaming mechanism includes an alloy reamer body and a replaceable alloy blade, the alloy blade being mounted on the alloy reamer body by fastening bolts.

[0012] Carbide inserts are securely fixed to the tool body with fastening bolts, ensuring stability during high-speed rotation and heavy cutting, thereby effectively improving machining accuracy and efficiency. Furthermore, because carbide inserts are replaceable, when an insert wears or is damaged, it is not necessary to replace the entire tool body; only the insert needs to be replaced to continue use, greatly extending tool life and reducing resource waste. This modular design concept is particularly important in modern manufacturing, as it not only improves production flexibility but also significantly reduces operating costs and maintenance complexity for businesses.

[0013] Furthermore, the honing mechanism includes a diamond honing blade, a toothed adjustment mechanism, and a size adjustment nut. The toothed adjustment mechanism is connected to the size adjustment nut and is used to adjust the radial dimension of the diamond honing blade.

[0014] The toothed adjustment mechanism is connected to the size adjustment nut. By rotating the size adjustment nut, the toothed adjustment mechanism can be moved, thereby changing the radial dimension of the diamond honing insert to adapt to different processing requirements. This design not only improves the flexibility of the honing mechanism but also ensures processing accuracy and efficiency.

[0015] Furthermore, the diamond honing insert adopts a structure with a central bulge and both ends low.

[0016] It is suitable for precision machining of hydraulic valve bodies, hydraulic cylinder barrels, and internal holes with equal height requirements, improving process adaptability while ensuring machining accuracy.

[0017] Furthermore, the toothed adjustment mechanism includes a toothed member, wherein the angle at the high point of the toothed member is 0.35 degrees greater than the angle at the low point.

[0018] When the diamond cutting tool is worn or the machining size is too small, the radial dimension can be adjusted by adjusting the size adjustment nut to compensate for the wear, ensuring the stability and repeatability of the machining dimensions.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a horizontal milling machine, including the horizontal milling machine honing device described in any of the above claims.

[0020] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a method for correcting a reaming device on a horizontal milling machine, applicable to a reaming device on a horizontal milling machine as described in any of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps: The coaxiality of the tool holder and the tool bar is adjusted by the tool straightening mechanism; The runout of the tool holder is adjusted by the tool straightening mechanism.

[0021] Furthermore, the step of adjusting the coaxiality includes: correcting it by using a coaxial leveling component in conjunction with a coaxial reference; the step of adjusting the runout includes: correcting it by using a rotary leveling component in conjunction with a rotary reference.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the horizontal milling machine honing device, horizontal milling machine and correction method of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention, by setting a tool alignment mechanism installed between the tool holder and the tool shank, can systematically calibrate the honing device before reaming and honing processes. Specifically, the tool alignment mechanism simultaneously adjusts the coaxiality of the tool holder and the tool shank, and adjusts the runout of the tool holder. The coaxiality adjustment eliminates the eccentricity between the tool shank's central axis and the ideal reference axis caused by accumulated assembly errors, ensuring the tool meets alignment requirements even in a static state. The runout adjustment further controls the radial oscillation amplitude of the tool holder during rotation. These two adjustments work together to ensure the tool maintains a high-precision alignment state throughout the dynamic machining process. Therefore, this device can directly achieve the hole machining accuracy previously required by dedicated high-precision machine tools on a general-purpose horizontal milling machine, reducing equipment investment costs and providing stable reference conditions for subsequent reaming and honing processes. 2. This invention integrates a tool straightening mechanism, a reaming mechanism, and a honing mechanism into a horizontal milling machine, along with a step-by-step leveling method, enabling integrated reaming and honing of high-precision holes on a general-purpose machine tool. The straightening mechanism solves the problems of coaxiality and runout control between the tool and the spindle; the replaceable insert reamer reduces operating costs; and the toothed adjustment mechanism extends the life of the honing inserts. The overall solution is compact, easy to operate, and provides stable precision, making it particularly suitable for mass production of high-precision internal holes such as hydraulic valve bodies, and has significant potential for widespread adoption. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a horizontal milling machine honing device in some embodiments provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary leveling component of a horizontal milling machine honing device in some embodiments provided by the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A sectional view; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the toothed adjustment mechanism of a horizontal milling machine honing device in some embodiments provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tooth profile of a horizontal milling machine honing device in some embodiments provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the size adjustment nut of a horizontal milling machine honing device in some embodiments provided by the present invention.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Rotation reference; 2. Alloy reamer body; 201. Alloy insert; 3. Diamond honing insert; 4. Tool holder; 5. Coaxial reference; 6. Coaxial leveling component; 7. Tool shank; 8. Rotation leveling component; 9. Size adjusting nut; 10. Bolt; 11. Locating pin; 12. Flange mechanism; 13. Mating surface; 14. Honing base; 15. Toothed adjustment mechanism; 16. Toothed component; 161. High point; 162. Low point. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Example

[0027] like Figure 1-6 As shown, this embodiment provides a reaming device for a horizontal milling machine, including: Tool holder 4; Tool holder 4 is used to mount the reaming mechanism and honing mechanism, and is the main support structure for the cutting tool.

[0028] The tool holder 7 is used to connect to the spindle of a horizontal milling machine. It serves as the interface between the tool system and the machine spindle. The tool holder 7 is pre-installed on the machine spindle and initially tightened. Then, the tool shank 4 is assembled to the tool holder 7 via a tool alignment mechanism. This mechanism is installed between the tool holder 7 and the tool shank 4. With the tool holder 7 fixed to the spindle, the position of the tool shank 4 relative to the tool holder 7 is finely adjusted using the coaxial leveling component 6 and the rotary leveling component 8, thereby achieving high-precision alignment between the tool and the spindle.

[0029] A tool straightening mechanism is installed between the tool holder 7 and the tool bar 4 to adjust the coaxiality of the tool holder 7 and the tool bar 4 as well as the runout of the tool holder 7. A reaming mechanism, mounted on the tool holder 4, is used for reaming the workpiece hole; A honing mechanism, mounted on the tool holder 4, is used to hone the reamed hole. The honing mechanism is mounted on the tool holder 4 and is located behind the reaming mechanism (in the feed direction).

[0030] In summary, the horizontal milling machine honing device in this embodiment integrates a correction mechanism, a reaming mechanism, and a honing mechanism, and adopts a step-by-step leveling mechanism to achieve integrated clamping and honing of the inner hole of high-precision workpieces such as hydraulic valve bodies on a general-purpose machine tool.

[0031] In some embodiments, the tool straightening mechanism includes a coaxial leveling component 6 and a rotary leveling component 8. The coaxial leveling component 6 is used to adjust the coaxiality of the tool holder 7 and the tool shank 4 in conjunction with the coaxial reference 5. The rotary leveling component 8 is used to adjust the runout of the tool holder 7 in conjunction with the rotary reference 1. Optionally, the tool straightening mechanism further includes a positioning pin 11, which is used to achieve precise positioning of the tool holder 7 and the tool shank 4. It can be understood that the tool straightening mechanism is installed between the tool holder 7 and the tool shank 4 and includes the coaxial leveling component 6, the rotary leveling component 8, the positioning pin 11, the rotary reference 1, the coaxial reference 5, the flange mechanism 12, and the mating surface 13. The tool straightening mechanism is assembled with the tool holder 7 through the mating surface 13. The positioning pin 11 is preferably a φ4 cylindrical pin, which is used to achieve rapid and precise positioning of the tool holder 7 and the tool shank 4, eliminating initial position deviations during the assembly stage. The flange mechanism 12 also has an octagonal structure, each of the cross-sections of which is a mating surface 13, used to cooperate with the coaxial leveling component 6, making it easy to apply adjustment torque using operating tools.

[0032] The coaxial leveling component 6 is used in conjunction with the coaxial reference 5 to adjust the coaxiality of the tool holder 7 and the tool shank 4. The operator fine-tunes the coaxial leveling component 6 to align the central axis of the tool shank 4 with the ideal reference axis, thereby eliminating eccentricity problems caused by multiple clamping operations or machining errors. The rotary leveling component 8 is used in conjunction with the rotary reference 1 to adjust the runout of the tool holder 7. After coaxial leveling is completed, the radial oscillation amplitude of the tool holder 7 during rotation is controlled by fine-tuning the rotary leveling component 8.

[0033] It should be noted that coaxial leveling and rotary leveling are not independent steps to be completed in one go in actual operation, but rather a process that requires repeated adjustments in coordination. When adjusting coaxiality, the movement of the tool holder 4 axis will cause changes in the already adjusted runout; conversely, adjusting the runout may also have a slight impact on the coaxiality difference. Therefore, the correct operating procedure is as follows: first, perform coarse adjustment of coaxiality to bring the tool holder 4 axis close to the ideal reference axis; then, perform rotary leveling to control the runout within the initial range; subsequently, check the coaxiality again. If the deviation exceeds the allowable range, fine-tune the coaxial leveling component 6 again, and repeat the check and correction of runout. Repeat this cycle until both coaxiality and runout simultaneously meet the accuracy requirements and both approach zero.

[0034] Step 1: Coaxial Leveling (using coaxial reference 5). This stage mainly addresses the coaxiality deviation between the tool holder 7 and the tool shank 4. During operation, the honing tool is mounted on the horizontal milling machine, and the coaxial reference 5 is checked and corrected using a calibration table.

[0035] By finely adjusting the coaxial leveling component 6, the central axis of the tool holder 4 is made to coincide with the ideal reference axis, thereby eliminating the eccentricity caused by accumulated assembly errors and ensuring that the tool meets the coaxiality requirements in a dynamic state.

[0036] Step 2: Rotational leveling. After coaxial leveling, it is necessary to further control the radial runout of the tool holder 7 during rotation. The rotational reference 1 is checked and corrected using a calibration table. By fine-tuning the rotational leveling component 8, the radial runout of the tool holder 7 is controlled within the allowable tolerance range during low-speed rotation, thereby ensuring the stability of the cutting process and the quality of the machined surface.

[0037] This two-step leveling process systematically solves the dynamic balance problem in tool assembly and is an important process to ensure CNC machining accuracy and tool life.

[0038] In another embodiment of the present invention, the positioning pin 11 is not limited to the φ4 specification. It can be selected according to the actual size of the tool holder 7 and the tool bar 4, such as φ3, φ5, φ6, etc., as long as the repeatability positioning accuracy can be achieved.

[0039] In some embodiments, the reaming mechanism includes an alloy reamer body 2 and a replaceable alloy insert 201, the alloy insert 201 being mounted on the alloy reamer body 2 by fastening bolts 10. It is understood that the alloy insert 201 is locked to the alloy reamer body 2 by M4 fastening bolts 10. The alloy reamer body 2 is provided with a mounting reference surface and a positioning structure to ensure the positional repeatability accuracy of the alloy insert 201 after assembly. The alloy insert 201 is made of cemented carbide, possessing high hardness and high wear resistance, suitable for precision reaming of materials such as cast iron and steel. When the cutting edge of the alloy insert 201 reaches its service life after long-term cutting, there is no need to replace or discard the entire reamer; simply loosening the M4 fastening bolts 10 allows the worn insert to be removed and replaced with a new pre-ground insert. This design greatly improves the economic efficiency of tool use and the flexibility of production line changeover, reduces downtime caused by tool regrinding, and also reduces reliance on the operator's tool sharpening skills.

[0040] Overall, this structure reflects the trend of modular and replaceable cutting tools in modern machining. In mass production or in situations where high machining efficiency is required, it is conducive to optimizing machining costs and improving production cycle time.

[0041] In another embodiment of the invention, the fastening bolt 10 is not limited to M4, but can be M3, M5 or other metric or imperial thread specifications, as long as it can provide sufficient locking force and facilitate the replacement of the blade.

[0042] In some embodiments, the honing mechanism includes a diamond honing blade 3, a toothed adjustment mechanism 15, and a size adjustment nut 9. The toothed adjustment mechanism 15 is connected to the size adjustment nut 9 and is used to adjust the radial dimension of the diamond honing blade 3. Optionally, the diamond honing blade 3 has a structure with a central bulge and lower ends. More specifically, the toothed adjustment mechanism 15 includes a toothed member 16, the angle of the high point 161 of the toothed member 16 being 0.35 degrees larger than the angle of the low point 162. It can be understood that the honing mechanism is mounted on the tool holder 4, located behind the reaming mechanism (in the feed direction), and includes the diamond honing blade 3, the honing base 14, the toothed adjustment mechanism 15, and the size adjustment nut 9. The diamond honing blade 3 has a central bulge and lower ends; this geometry helps to achieve uniform material removal and good surface shaping during honing. The diamond honing blade 3 is mounted on the honing base 14. The toothed adjustment mechanism 15 has a toothed component 16, the angle of which is 0.35 degrees larger at its high point 161 than at its low point 162, providing clear mechanical limits and stable dimensional repeatability during adjustment. The dimension adjustment nut 9 is connected to the toothed adjustment mechanism 15 and drives the toothed component 16 to move, thereby changing the radial extension of the diamond honing insert 3. When the diamond honing insert 3 is worn or the machining dimension is too small, the radial dimension can be compensated by rotating the dimension adjustment nut 9, ensuring the stability and repeatability of the machining dimensions.

[0043] In another embodiment of the present invention, the installation order of the reaming mechanism and the honing mechanism on the tool holder 4 can be interchanged, or only one of the mechanisms can be used according to the processing needs, without departing from the core concept of the present invention. Example

[0044] This embodiment provides a horizontal milling machine, including the horizontal milling machine reaming device described in any one of Embodiment 1. It is understood that this embodiment is based on the same inventive concept as Embodiment 1, and the horizontal milling machine can be a conventional horizontal milling machine, without the need for a high-precision spindle or closed-loop control system. By installing the above-mentioned device, the milling machine can perform integrated reaming and honing of valve holes in large hydraulic components such as valve bodies of heavy-duty mining excavators. Example

[0045] This embodiment provides a method for correcting a reaming device on a horizontal milling machine, applicable to any of the reaming devices on a horizontal milling machine as described in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps: The coaxiality of the tool holder 7 and the tool bar 4 is adjusted by the tool straightening mechanism. The runout of the tool holder 7 is adjusted by the tool correction mechanism.

[0046] Optionally, the step of adjusting the coaxiality includes: correcting it by using the coaxial leveling component 6 in conjunction with the coaxial reference 5; the step of adjusting the runout includes: correcting it by using the rotary leveling component 8 in conjunction with the rotary reference 1.

[0047] It is understood that this embodiment is based on the same inventive concept as Embodiment 1, and is executed based on the device described in Embodiment 1, specifically including the following steps: First, the tool holder 7 is pre-installed and secured to the spindle of the horizontal milling machine to ensure a reliable connection between the tool holder 7 and the spindle. Then, the honing tool flange alignment mechanism is assembled with the tool holder 7 via the mating surface 13. The operator uses the φ4 locating pin 11 to quickly and accurately position the tool holder 7 and the tool shank 4. At this point, the position of the tool holder 7 relative to the spindle is fixed, and subsequent alignment steps only adjust the position of the tool shank 4 relative to the tool holder 7. The octagonal structure in the flange mechanism 12 is used in conjunction with the coaxial leveling component 6 to facilitate the application of adjustment torque by the operating tool.

[0048] The operator sets up calibration instruments such as dial indicator on coaxial reference 5, and fine-tunes coaxial leveling component 6 to bring the central axis of tool holder 4 close to the ideal reference axis, thus controlling the coaxiality deviation within the initial range.

[0049] Keep the calibration instrument in contact with the rotation reference 1, rotate the spindle at low speed, and control the radial runout within the initial range by fine-tuning the rotation leveling component 8.

[0050] The coaxiality is checked again. If the deviation exceeds the allowable range, the runout is checked and corrected again. This process is repeated until both coaxiality and runout meet the machining accuracy requirements and both approach zero.

[0051] It should be noted that the adjustments to coaxiality and runout are coordinated and must be performed using the iterative method described above to eliminate the mutual interference between the two errors. If only unidirectional sequential adjustments are performed, the ideal accuracy cannot be achieved.

[0052] After calibration, reaming and honing can be performed. The alloy reaming insert in the reaming mechanism performs semi-finishing on the inner hole of the workpiece, leaving honing allowance to meet the process requirements; then the diamond honing insert 3 performs micron-level grinding on the hole wall to achieve the final dimensional accuracy and surface roughness requirements.

[0053] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A honing device for a horizontal milling machine, characterized in that, include: Tool holder (4); Tool holder (7) is used to connect to the spindle of a horizontal milling machine; A tool straightening mechanism is installed between the tool holder (7) and the tool bar (4) to adjust the coaxiality of the tool holder (7) and the tool bar (4) and the runout of the tool holder (7); A reaming mechanism is installed on the tool holder (4) and is used to ream the workpiece hole; The honing mechanism is installed on the tool holder (4) and is used to hone the hole after reaming.

2. The honing device for a horizontal milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool correction mechanism includes a coaxial leveling component (6) and a rotary leveling component (8). The coaxial leveling component (6) is used to adjust the coaxiality of the tool holder (7) and the tool bar (4) in conjunction with the coaxial reference (5). The rotary leveling component (8) is used to adjust the runout of the tool holder (7) in conjunction with the rotary reference (1).

3. The honing device for a horizontal milling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tool straightening mechanism also includes a positioning pin (11), which is used to achieve precise positioning of the tool holder (7) and the tool bar (4).

4. The honing device for a horizontal milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaming mechanism includes an alloy reamer body (2) and a replaceable alloy blade (201), the alloy blade (201) being mounted on the alloy reamer body (2) by fastening bolts (10).

5. The honing device for a horizontal milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The honing mechanism includes a diamond honing blade (3), a toothed adjustment mechanism (15), and a size adjustment nut (9). The toothed adjustment mechanism (15) is connected to the size adjustment nut (9) and is used to adjust the radial dimension of the diamond honing blade (3).

6. The honing device for a horizontal milling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diamond honing cutter (3) has a structure with a central drum and low ends.

7. The honing device for a horizontal milling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The toothed adjustment mechanism (15) includes a toothed member (16), wherein the angle of the high point (161) of the toothed member (16) is 0.35 degrees larger than the angle of the low point (162).

8. A horizontal milling machine, characterized in that, Includes the horizontal milling machine honing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A method for calibrating a reaming device on a horizontal milling machine, applied to the reaming device on a horizontal milling machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The coaxiality of the tool holder (7) and the tool bar (4) is adjusted by the tool straightening mechanism; The runout of the tool holder (7) is adjusted by the tool correction mechanism.

10. The calibration method for the honing device of a horizontal milling machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The steps for adjusting the coaxiality include: using the coaxial leveling component (6) in conjunction with the coaxial reference (5) for correction; the steps for adjusting the runout include: using the rotary leveling component (8) in conjunction with the rotary reference (1) for correction.

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