An aero-engine blade machining tooling

Abstract

This application provides a machining fixture for aero-engine blades, belonging to the technical field of blade machining. Specifically, it includes a base, a vertical mounting plate, and a clamp. The base is used to mount on the machining table of a five-axis machining center. The vertical mounting plate is fixed to the base. The clamp is detachably fixed to the vertical side of the vertical mounting plate. The clamp is used to hold and fix the blade. The clamp is used to contact the non-machining area of ​​the blade. The clamp includes a first state and a second state. In the first state, the upper edge plate faces upward; in the second state, the lower edge plate faces upward. When the clamp is in the first state, it rotates 180° around a rotation axis perpendicular to the vertical side of the vertical mounting plate before entering the second state. This processing solution improves machining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of blade processing, and in particular to a tooling for processing aero-engine blades. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of an engine, the guide vane is crucial for high-performance engines, which require a high thrust-to-weight ratio. To increase this ratio, raising the turbine inlet temperature is essential; fourth- and fifth-generation aircraft turbines can reach temperatures of 1800–2100 K. This places new demands on turbine blades, both in terms of material heat resistance and structural design. Guide vanes are typically made from high-temperature alloy precision-cast blanks, featuring a slender, thin-walled structure with a blade length of 220 mm and a maximum thickness of 3.8 mm.

[0003] The existing processing methods involve long processing routes and a lack of equipment variety. Due to the poor machinability of the blade material, the current process route employs multiple pieces of equipment, primarily including wire EDM to remove large allowances from the large and small flanges; roughing removal of materials that cannot be removed by wire EDM using EDM equipment; grinding of curved and flat surfaces using a combination of high-power and conventional grinders; milling of grooves on a milling machine using milling cutters; turning of the shaft using a lathe; and machining of the shaft hole using a drilling machine. It can be seen that this processing scheme has a long process route, requiring as many as seven types of equipment, placing high demands on equipment types. Furthermore, the processing efficiency is low and the cycle time is long. Currently, the blade processing technology includes 4 wire EDM operations, 2 EDM operations, 5 grinding operations, 4 milling operations, and 1 turning operation. The process route is shown in the appendix. Figure 2 This shows that its processes are scattered, parts turnover is complicated, and the processing cycle is long. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a tooling for machining aero-engine blades, which solves the problems in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution for a machining fixture for aero-engine blades provided in this application is as follows: A machining fixture for aero-engine blades, wherein the aero-engine blade includes a blade body, an upper edge plate and a lower edge plate, and the machining fixture for aero-engine blades includes a base, a vertical mounting plate and a clamp. The base is used to be mounted on the machining table of a five-axis machining center. The vertical mounting plate is fixed on the base. The clamp is detachably fixed on the vertical side of the vertical mounting plate. The clamp is used to clamp and fix the blade. The clamp is used to contact the non-machined area of ​​the blade. The clamp includes a first state and a second state. When the clamp is in the first state, the upper edge plate faces upward. When the clamp is in the second state, the lower edge plate faces upward. When the clamp is in the first state, the clamp rotates 180° around a rotation axis perpendicular to the vertical side of the vertical mounting plate and then enters the second state. The clamp includes a connecting plate, a support assembly, a clamping assembly, and a positioning assembly. One side of the connecting plate is used to mate with a vertical mounting plate, and the other side of the connecting plate is provided with the support assembly, which is used to contact the leaf blade surface. The clamping assembly is movably mounted on the connecting plate and is used to contact the back of the leaf blade and fix the blade on the connecting plate. The positioning assembly is fixed on the connecting plate and is used to simultaneously contact multiple positioning points of the blade to determine the position of the blade on the clamp.

[0006] Optionally, the positioning component includes a first positioning block, a second positioning block, a third positioning block, a fourth positioning block, a fifth positioning block, and a sixth positioning block; The first positioning block is used to abut against the end of the leaf blade near the lower edge plate. The abutment position of the first positioning block and the leaf blade is located at the center position of the leaf blade near the end of the lower edge plate along the direction of the leaf chord. The second positioning block and the third positioning block are used to abut against the end of the leaf blade near the upper edge plate. The abutment positions of the second positioning block and the leaf blade and the third positioning block and the leaf blade are symmetrical about the center of the leaf blade near the end of the leaf blade near the edge plate along the direction of the leaf chord. The line connecting the positions of the second positioning block and the third positioning block in contact with the leaf blade is set along the direction of the leaf chord. The fourth positioning block is used to abut against the end of the air intake side of the blade near the lower edge plate, and the fifth positioning block is used to abut against the end of the air intake side of the blade near the upper edge plate. The sixth positioning block is used to abut against the side of the upper edge plate facing the leaf body, and the sixth positioning block is located on the back side of the leaf body.

[0007] Optionally, the first positioning block, the second positioning block, the third positioning block, the fourth positioning block and the fifth positioning block are provided with contact lines on the end faces of the blade that abut against the blade and match the profile of the blade body at the corresponding position. The first positioning block, the second positioning block, the third positioning block, the fourth positioning block and the fifth positioning block all form line contact with the blade body surface.

[0008] Optionally, the support assembly includes multiple auxiliary support structures located on the connecting plate opposite to the vertical mounting plate. Each auxiliary support structure includes a fixed block, a sliding block, and a support block. The fixed block is fixedly mounted on the connecting plate, and the sliding block is slidably mounted on the fixed block. The fixed block has a sliding groove for the sliding block to slide in. The sliding direction of the sliding block is perpendicular to the connecting plate. The bottom of the sliding block has a receiving cavity, and a first spring is provided in the receiving cavity. One end of the first spring abuts against the bottom of the sliding groove. The first spring is used to apply a force away from the connecting plate to the sliding block. The support block is rotatably mounted on the sliding block. One side of the support block is rotatably connected to the sliding block. The side of the support block opposite to the sliding block is a contact block for contacting the leaf blade surface. The rotation axis of the support block is set along the leaf height direction of the leaf blade. Contact blocks are provided on both opposite sides of the rotation axis of the support block. The rotation axis of the support block corresponds to the center position of the leaf blade chord direction.

[0009] Optionally, a locking bolt is threaded onto the side wall of the fixing block, and one end of the locking bolt extends into the sliding groove and abuts against the side wall of the sliding block.

[0010] Optionally, the profile of the side of the contact block facing the leaf blade and leaf basin along the leaf height direction and the position of the auxiliary support structure in contact with the leaf blade and leaf basin are respectively consistent with the profile of the corresponding position of the leaf blade and leaf basin along the leaf height direction, and the cross section of the side of the contact block facing the leaf blade and leaf basin in the direction perpendicular to the leaf blade and leaf height is an arc-shaped surface.

[0011] Optionally, the support block is provided with set screws located on opposite sides of the support block's rotating shaft. The set screws are threadedly connected to the support block. The set screws have a pointed structure facing the leaf surface of the blade. The tips of the two set screws on one support block are used to press against the leaf surface of the blades on both sides of the rotating shaft.

[0012] Optionally, auxiliary support structures are provided on the connecting plate at one end near the upper edge plate, one end near the lower edge plate, and at the center of the blade along the blade height.

[0013] Optionally, the support assembly further includes multiple exhaust side support structures, each of which includes a fixed base, a sliding rod, a release bolt, a second spring, and a tightening bolt. The fixed base is fixed to the connecting plate. A slide rail is provided inside the fixed base. One end of the sliding rod is located inside the slide rail, and the other end of the sliding rod extends out of the slide rail to abut against the exhaust edge of the blade. The second spring is located inside the slide rail, and one end of the second spring abuts against the end of the sliding rod away from the blade. The second spring applies a force to the sliding rod to move towards the blade. An inwardly protruding annular platform is provided at the end of the slide rail near the blade. A limiting block is fixed at the end of the sliding rod away from the blade. The outer circumference of the sliding rod matches the inner ring of the annular platform, and the outer circumference of the limiting block matches the inner wall of the slide rail. The end of the slide rail away from the blade passes through the fixed base. A cover plate is fixed at the end of the fixed base away from the blade. The cover plate is provided with the tightening bolt, which is bolted to the cover plate. The screw of the tightening bolt extends into the second spring to abut against the end face of the sliding rod. The end of the second spring away from the sliding rod abuts against the cover plate. A release bolt is threadedly connected to the fixed base, and the screw of the release bolt passes through the slide rail to abut against the outer circumference of the sliding rod. The end face of the sliding rod facing the blade is an inclined surface, which is used to contact the trailing edge of the blade exhaust side. The tangent direction of the inclined surface and the trailing edge of the blade contacted by the corresponding sliding rod are parallel.

[0014] Optionally, the clamping assembly includes multiple clamping structures arranged sequentially along the blade height direction. Each clamping structure includes a pressure rod, a pressure block, and a clamping screw. One end of the pressure rod is hinged to a connecting seat, and the hinge axis of the pressure rod is parallel to the blade height direction. The other end of the pressure rod has a notch. One end of the clamping screw is hinged to a connecting plate, and the hinge axis of the clamping screw is parallel to the blade height direction. The other end of the clamping screw is used to rotate into the notch. A clamping nut is threaded onto the clamping screw and located on the side of the pressure rod opposite to the connecting plate. The pressure block and the pressure rod are rotatably connected at their middle parts. The rotation axis of the pressure block is parallel to the blade height direction. The side of the pressure block opposite to the pressure rod has protrusions located on opposite sides of the rotation axis of the pressure rod. The protrusions are used to abut against the back surface of the blade. The rotation axis of the pressure block corresponds to the center position of the blade chord direction. When the clamping structure clamps the blade, the length direction of the pressure rod is arranged along the blade chord direction.

[0015] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects: In this embodiment, the fixture contacts the blade body and the flow channel surface of the upper edge plate, avoiding the machining position of the blade. When the fixture is in the first state, the upper edge plate faces upwards, and the machining allowance of the upper edge plate is removed by a five-axis machining center. When the fixture is in the second state, the lower edge plate faces upwards, and the machining allowance of the lower edge plate is removed by a five-axis machining center. This achieves blade machining within a five-axis machine tool. Compared with traditional machining methods, only one clamping is needed to complete the machining of all surfaces of the blade. It integrates more than ten milling and grinding processes of traditional methods into one machine, reducing the need for multiple types of equipment compared to traditional methods, thus significantly shortening the machining cycle.

[0016] In this application, when the blade contacts six points simultaneously, these six points in space completely restrict the blade's six degrees of freedom, thus providing precise positioning. These six points not only serve as the blade's machining reference, but also determine the blade's inspection reference during dimensional inspection using a six-point iterative method. The consistency between the machining reference and the inspection reference ensures the stability of the blade's dimensions.

[0017] After the blade's air intake and exhaust and its height direction are positioned and fixed, the rotating and elastically movable support block can move with the blade's placement angle under the action of the blade's gravity and / or the clamping component, achieving flexible auxiliary support. This allows the contact block to better match the blade's surface, providing good auxiliary support for the blade. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the aero-engine blade machining tooling of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture in this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp holding the blade in this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the blade clamping mechanism from another perspective. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component of this application; Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning component from another perspective in this application; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary support structure of this application.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Base; 2. Vertical mounting plate; 3. Clamp; 31. Mounting seat; 4. Connecting plate; 5. Support assembly; 501. Auxiliary support structure; 502. Exhaust sign support structure; 51. Fixing block; 52. Sliding block; 53. Support block; 54. Contact block; 55. Locking bolt; 56. Set screw; 57. Fixing seat; 58. Sliding rod; 59. Release bolt; 510. Second spring; 511. Tightening bolt; 512. Cover plate; 513. Limiting block; 514. 515 Support pin; 516 Support rod; 517 Inclined surface; 6. Clamping assembly; 601 Clamping structure; 61 Pressure rod; 62 Pressure block; 63 Clamping screw; 64 Notch; 65 Clamping nut; 66 Protrusion; 67 Pressing bolt; 7. Positioning assembly; 71 First positioning block; 72 Second positioning block; 73 Third positioning block; 74 Fourth positioning block; 75 Fifth positioning block; 76 Sixth positioning block; 8. Blade; 81 Blade body; 82 Upper edge plate; 83 Lower edge plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this application, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0024] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. The illustrations only show the components related to this application and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0025] Furthermore, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the described aspects can be practiced without these specific details.

[0026] This application provides a tooling for machining aero-engine blades. The aero-engine blade 8 includes a blade body 81, an upper edge plate 82, and a lower edge plate 83.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a machining fixture for aero-engine blades includes a base 1, a vertical mounting plate 2, and a clamp 3. It is used to remove excess material from the upper edge plate 82 and the lower edge plate 83, excluding the flow channel surface.

[0028] The base 1 is used to be installed on the machining table of a five-axis machining center. The vertical mounting plate 2 is fixed on the base 1. The clamp 3 is detachably fixed on the vertical side of the vertical mounting plate 2. The clamp 3 is used to clamp and fix the blade 8. The clamp 3 is used to contact the non-machined area of ​​the blade 8. The clamp 3 includes a first state and a second state. When the clamp 3 is in the first state, the upper edge plate 82 faces upward. When the clamp 3 is in the second state, the lower edge plate 83 faces upward. When the clamp 3 is in the first state, it rotates 180° around a rotation axis perpendicular to the vertical side of the vertical mounting plate 2 and then enters the second state.

[0029] The clamp 3 includes a connecting plate 4, a support component 5, a clamping component 6, and a positioning component 7. One side of the connecting plate 4 is used to dock with the vertical mounting plate 2, and the other side of the connecting plate 4 is provided with the support component 5. The support component 5 is used to contact the leaf basin surface of the blade 81. The clamping component 6 is movably mounted on the connecting plate 4. The clamping component 6 is used to contact the back surface of the blade 81 and fix the blade 8 on the connecting plate 4. The positioning component 7 is fixed on the connecting plate 4 and is used to contact multiple positioning points of the blade 8 simultaneously to determine the position of the blade 8 on the clamp 3.

[0030] In one embodiment, the connecting plate 4 has two spaced mounting seats 31 on its side facing the vertical mounting plate 2. The vertical mounting plate 2 has a pneumatic clamping mechanism corresponding to each mounting seat 31. After the mounting seat 31 and the pneumatic clamping mechanism are connected, the pneumatic clamping mechanism and the mounting seat 31 are locked, fixing the clamp 3 to the vertical mounting plate 2. When it is necessary to flip the clamp 3, the pneumatic clamping mechanism releases its clamping action on the mounting seat 31, flips the clamp 3 180° up and down, reconnects the mounting seat 31, activates the clamping structure, and locks it. The mounting seat 31 has a positioning hole, and the vertical mounting plate 2 has a positioning shaft that mates with the positioning hole. The pneumatic clamping mechanism can be a pneumatic gripper or other structure to clamp the outer periphery of the mounting seat 31. The operation of flipping the clamp 3 can be completed manually or by a robotic arm with a gripper.

[0031] In this embodiment, the fixture 3 contacts the blade body 81 of the blade 8 and the flow channel surface of the upper edge plate 82, avoiding the machining position of the blade 8. When the fixture 3 is in the first state, the upper edge plate 82 faces upward, and the machining allowance of the upper edge plate 82 is removed by a five-axis machining center. When the fixture 3 is in the second state, the lower edge plate 83 faces upward, and the machining allowance of the lower edge plate 83 is removed by a five-axis machining center. This enables the machining of the blade 8 in a five-axis machine tool. Compared with traditional machining methods, only one clamping is needed to complete the machining of all surfaces of the blade 8. The more than ten milling and grinding processes of traditional methods are integrated into one machine. The requirement for different types of equipment is reduced from multiple machines in traditional methods to one machine, reducing the preparation and turnaround time between processes, and greatly shortening the processing cycle.

[0032] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the positioning component 7 includes a first positioning block 71, a second positioning block 72, a third positioning block 73, a fourth positioning block 74, a fifth positioning block 75, and a sixth positioning block 76. The first positioning block 71 is used to abut against the end of the leaf blade 81 near the lower edge plate 83. The abutment position of the first positioning block 71 and the leaf blade 81 is located at the center position of the end of the leaf blade 81 near the lower edge plate 83 along the chord direction of the blade 8. The second positioning block 72 and the third positioning block 73 are used to abut against the ends of the leaf blade 81 near the upper edge plate 82. The abutment positions of the second positioning block 72 and the leaf blade 81 and the third positioning block 73 and the leaf blade 81 are respectively... The contact positions are symmetrical about the blade surface of the blade 81 near the end of the edge plate along the chord direction of the blade 8. The line connecting the positions of the second positioning block 72 and the third positioning block 73 in contact with the blade 81 is set along the chord direction of the blade 81. The fourth positioning block 74 is used to abut against the end of the air intake side of the blade 81 near the lower edge plate 83. The fifth positioning block 75 is used to abut against the end of the air intake side of the blade 81 near the upper edge plate 82. The sixth positioning block 76 is used to abut against the side of the upper edge plate 82 facing the blade 81, that is, the sixth positioning block 76 is used to abut against the flow channel surface of the upper edge plate 82. The sixth positioning block 76 is located on one side of the blade back of the blade 81.

[0033] In this application, when blade 8 comes into contact with the six points simultaneously, the six points in space completely restrict the six degrees of freedom of blade 8, thereby providing precise positioning. These six points are not only the machining reference for blade 8, but also the detection reference for blade 8 when performing dimensional inspection. The unification of the machining reference and the detection reference ensures the stability of the dimensions of blade 8.

[0034] The first positioning block 71, the second positioning block 72, the third positioning block 73, the fourth positioning block 74, and the fifth positioning block 75 have contact lines on their end faces that abut against the blade 8, matching the profile of the blade body 81 at corresponding positions. All five positioning blocks form line contact with the surface of the blade body 81. In terms of the positioning block design, except for the positioning block on the flow channel surface of the upper edge plate 82, the other five positioning blocks of this fixture 3 adopt the form of a generatrix segment. The generatrix segment is the contact line, and it is a 2mm long profile cut to the positioning point on the blade body 81. This method transforms the contact between the positioning block and the blade body 81 into a line contact, which is more suitable for positioning the variable curvature surface of the blade 8 than the point contact method of positioning balls, resulting in higher positioning accuracy and reducing the risk of damage to the positioning point on the surface of the blade body 81.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the support assembly 5 includes multiple exhaust side support structures 502, each of which includes a fixed base 57, a sliding rod 58, a release bolt 59, a second spring 510, and a tightening bolt 511.

[0036] The fixing seat 57 is fixed to the connecting plate 4. A slide rail is provided inside the fixing seat 57. One end of the sliding rod 58 is located inside the slide rail, and the other end of the sliding rod 58 extends out of the slide rail to abut against the exhaust edge of the blade 81. The second spring 510 is located inside the slide rail, and one end of the second spring 510 abuts against the end of the sliding rod 58 away from the blade 8. The second spring 510 applies a force to the sliding rod 58 towards the blade 8. An inwardly protruding annular platform is provided at the end of the slide rail near the blade 8. A limiting block 513 is fixed at the end of the sliding rod 58 away from the blade 8. The outer circumference of the sliding rod 58 matches the inner ring of the annular platform, and the outer circumference of the limiting block 513 matches the inner wall of the slide rail. The limiting block 513 is larger than the inner ring of the annular platform. The limiting block 513 and the annular platform are designed to prevent the sliding rod 58 from dislodging from the slide rail. The end of the slide rail away from the blade 8 passes through the fixing seat 57. A cover plate 512 is fixed to the end of the fixing seat 57 away from the blade 8. A tightening bolt 511 is provided on the cover plate 512. The tightening bolt 511 and the cover plate 512 are bolted together. The screw of the tightening bolt 511 extends into the second spring 510 to abut against the end face of the sliding rod 58. The end of the second spring 510 away from the sliding contact abuts against the cover plate 512. A release bolt 59 is threadedly connected to the fixing seat 57. The screw of the release bolt 59 passes through the slide rail to abut against the outer periphery of the sliding rod 58. The end face of the sliding rod 58 facing the blade 8 is an inclined surface 516. The inclined surface 516 is used to contact the trailing edge of the exhaust side of the blade body 81. The tangent direction of the inclined surface 516 and the trailing edge of the blade body 81 contacted by the corresponding sliding rod is parallel. The exhaust side support structure 502 applies a certain clamping force in the corresponding clamping direction of the fourth positioning block 74 and the fifth top block to ensure that the blade 8 will not be displaced. Before placing the blade 8, the second spring 510 is in a compressed state and the sliding rod 58 is locked by the release bolt 59 so that the sliding rod 58 does not contact the blade 8 when placing the blade 8. After the blade 8 is positioned, the release bolt 59 is loosened. Under the elastic force of the second spring 510, the inclined surface 516 of the sliding rod 58 abuts against the exhaust side of the blade body 81. Then the top bolt 511 is tightened to stabilize the position of the sliding rod 58, thereby achieving precise positioning and fixing of the blade 8 in the inlet and outlet directions.

[0037] In one embodiment, a support pin 514 is also provided. The support pin 514 is located on one side of the blade back of the blade body 81. The support pin 514 is fixed to the connecting plate 4 by a support rod 515. The support pin 514 and the support rod 515 are threadedly connected. After the blade 8 is positioned in the air intake and exhaust direction, the support pin 514 is rotated so that the support pin 514 abuts against the side of the lower edge plate 83 facing the blade body 81, and the blade 8 is positioned in the blade height direction in conjunction with the sixth positioning block 76.

[0038] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the support assembly 5 also includes a plurality of auxiliary support structures 501 located on the connecting plate 4 opposite to the vertical mounting plate 2. Each auxiliary support structure 501 includes a fixed block 51, a sliding block 52, and a support block 53. The fixed block 51 is fixedly mounted on the connecting plate 4, and the sliding block 52 is slidably mounted on the fixed block 51. The fixed block 51 has a sliding groove for the sliding block 52 to slide in. The sliding direction of the sliding block 52 is perpendicular to the connecting plate 4. The bottom of the sliding block 52 has a receiving cavity, and a first spring is provided inside the receiving cavity. One end of the first spring abuts against the bottom of the sliding groove. The first spring is used to support the sliding block 52. When a force is applied away from the connecting plate 4, the support block 53 is rotatably mounted on the sliding block 52. One side of the support block 53 is rotatably connected to the sliding block 52. The side of the support block 53 facing away from the sliding block 52 is used for contact blocks 54 to contact the blade surface of the blade 81. The rotation axis of the support block 53 is set along the blade height direction of the blade 81. Contact blocks 54 are provided on both sides of the rotation axis of the support block 53. One contact block 54 is located on the side closer to the air intake side of the blade 81, and the other contact block 54 is located on the side closer to the exhaust side of the blade 81. The rotation axis of the support block 53 corresponds to the center position of the chord direction of the blade 81.

[0039] After the blade 8 is positioned and fixed in the air intake and exhaust direction and in the blade height direction, under the action of the gravity force of the blade 8 and / or the action of the clamping component 6, the rotating and elastically movable support block 53 can move with the placement angle of the blade body 81 to achieve flexible auxiliary support, so that the contact block 54 can better cooperate with the blade basin surface of the blade body 81 to provide good auxiliary support for the blade body 81.

[0040] The profile of the side of the contact block 54 facing the blade 81 along the blade height direction and the position of the auxiliary support structure 501 contacting the blade 81 along the blade height direction are respectively aligned with the profile of the corresponding position of the blade 81, so that the contact block 54 and the blade 8 form a line contact. Furthermore, the cross-section of the side of the contact block 54 facing the blade 81 along the direction perpendicular to the blade height of the blade 81 is an arc-shaped surface. This arc-shaped design ensures that the contact block 54 can form a stable line contact with the blade 81 within a certain range of rotation of the support block 53, providing greater support force. Auxiliary support structures 501 are provided on the connecting plate 4 at one end near the upper edge plate 82, one end near the lower edge plate 83, and at the center position of the blade 81 along the blade height. The contoured design of the contact blocks 54 at these three auxiliary support structures 501 ensures that the slender, thin-walled blade 8 will not deform when clamped and pressed.

[0041] A locking bolt 55 is threaded onto the side wall of the fixing block 51. One end of the locking bolt 55 extends into the sliding groove and abuts against the side wall of the sliding block 52. During the clamping of the blade 8 using the clamp 3, the first spring is compressed in advance, and the position of the auxiliary support structure 501 is fixed by the locking bolt 55. When the blade 8 contacts the positioning component, the contact block 54 and the blade basin surface of the blade 81 are kept apart to prevent the contact block 54 from being affected by the force of the first spring and thus affecting the positioning of the blade 8. After the positioning and fixing of the blade 8 in the air intake, exhaust and blade height directions are completed, the clamping component 6 applies a preload force toward the connecting plate to the blade body. Then, the locking bolt 55 is loosened. After the contact block 54 stably contacts the blade body 81, the sliding block 52 is locked by the locking bolt 55, so that the support block 53 cannot move away from the blade body 81, thereby providing stable and sufficient support for the blade body 81 during the processing of the blade 8.

[0042] The support block 53 is provided with set screws 56 located on opposite sides of the rotating shaft of the support block 53. The set screws 56 are threadedly connected to the support block 53. The set screws 56 have a pointed structure facing the blade surface of the blade 81. The tips of the two set screws 56 on one support block 53 are used to abut against the blade surface of the blade 8 on both sides of the rotating shaft. One set screw 56 is located on the side closer to the intake side, and the other set screw 56 is located on the side closer to the exhaust side. The set screws 56 are aligned with the contact block 54. After tightening the locking bolt 55, the set screws 56 are tightened with a torque wrench so that the set screws 56 abut against the blade 81 with appropriate force.

[0043] In one embodiment, the set screw 56 structure may not be provided on the intermediate auxiliary support structure 501.

[0044] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the clamping assembly 6 includes multiple clamping structures 601 arranged sequentially along the blade height direction. Each clamping structure 601 corresponds to each auxiliary support structure 501. During the clamping process of the blade 8, the blade 8 is subjected to forces in two directions at the same position, which reduces the deformation of the blade 8 during the clamping process.

[0045] The clamping structure 601 includes a pressure rod 61, a pressure block 62, and a clamping screw 63. One end of the pressure rod 61 is hinged to a connecting seat, and the hinge axis of the pressure rod 61 is parallel to the blade height direction. The other end of the pressure rod 61 has a notch 64. One end of the clamping screw 63 is hinged to a connecting plate 4, and the hinge axis of the clamping screw 63 is parallel to the blade height direction. The other end of the clamping screw 63 is used to rotate into the notch 64. A clamping nut 65 is threaded onto the clamping screw 63 and is located on the side of the pressure rod 61 facing away from the connecting plate 4. The pressure block 62 is rotatably connected to the middle of the pressure rod 61. The rotation axis of the pressure block 62 is parallel to the blade height direction. The pressure block 62 is located on the side facing away from the connecting plate 4. The pressure rod 61 has protrusions 66 on its side, located on opposite sides of its pivot axis. One protrusion 66 is located near the exhaust side, and the other is located near the intake side. Each protrusion 66 corresponds to a contact block 54, with the corresponding protrusion 66 and contact block 54 contacting different sides of the blade 81 at the same location. The protrusion 66 abuts against the back surface of the blade 8, and the portion of the protrusion 66 contacting the back surface of the blade 8 matches the profile of the corresponding position on the blade face. The pivot axis of the pressure block 62 corresponds to the center position of the blade 81 along its chordal direction. When the pressing structure 601 presses the blade 8, the length direction of the pressure rod 61 is along the chordal direction of the blade 81. In this embodiment, the rotation of the pressure block 62 allows it to move with the angle of the blade 8, ensuring a stable fit between the protrusion 66 and the blade back.

[0046] In one embodiment, the clamping block 62 of the clamping structure 601 near the lower edge plate 83 is threaded with two spaced pressing bolts 67. The two pressing bolts 67 are distributed sequentially along the chord direction of the blade 8. After the blade body 81 is clamped by the clamping structure 601, the pressing bolts 67 are tightened by a torque wrench so that the pressing bolts 67 are pressed onto the blade back with a suitable force.

[0047] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tooling for machining an aero-engine blade, the aero-engine blade (8) comprising a blade body (81), an upper edge plate (82), and a lower edge plate (83), characterized in that, The machining fixture for aero-engine blades includes a base (1), a vertical mounting plate (2), and a clamp (3); The base (1) is used to be installed on the machining table of a five-axis machining center. The vertical mounting plate (2) is fixed on the base (1). The clamp (3) is detachably fixed on the vertical side of the vertical mounting plate (2). The clamp (3) is used to clamp and fix the blade (8). The clamp (3) is used to contact the non-machined area of ​​the blade (8). The clamp (3) includes a first state and a second state. When the clamp (3) is in the first state, the upper edge plate (82) faces upward. When the clamp (3) is in the second state, the lower edge plate (83) faces upward. When the clamp (3) is in the first state, it rotates 180° around the rotation axis perpendicular to the vertical side of the vertical mounting plate (2) and then enters the second state. The clamp (3) includes a connecting plate (4), a support component (5), a clamping component (6), and a positioning component (7). One side of the connecting plate (4) is used to dock with the vertical mounting plate (2). The other side of the connecting plate (4) is provided with the support component (5). The support component (5) is used to contact the leaf basin surface of the blade (81). The clamping component (6) is movably mounted on the connecting plate (4). The clamping component (6) is used to contact the back surface of the blade (81) and fix the blade (8) on the connecting plate (4). The positioning component (7) is fixed on the connecting plate (4) and is used to contact multiple positioning points of the blade (8) simultaneously to determine the position of the blade (8) on the clamp (3).

2. The aero-engine blade machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning component (7) includes a first positioning block (71), a second positioning block (72), a third positioning block (73), a fourth positioning block (74), a fifth positioning block (75), and a sixth positioning block (76); The first positioning block (71) is used to abut against the end of the leaf basin surface of the blade (81) near the lower edge plate (83). The abutment position of the first positioning block (71) and the blade (81) is located at the center position of the end of the leaf basin surface of the blade (81) near the lower edge plate (83) along the chord direction of the blade (8). The second positioning block (72) and the third positioning block (73) are used to abut against the end of the blade (81) near the upper edge plate (82) on the leaf basin surface. The abutting position of the second positioning block (72) and the blade (81) and the abutting position of the third positioning block (73) and the blade (81) are centrally symmetrical about the end of the blade (81) near the edge plate on the leaf basin surface along the chord direction of the blade (8). The line connecting the positions of the second positioning block (72) and the third positioning block (73) in contact with the blade (81) is set along the chord direction of the blade (81). The fourth positioning block (74) is used to abut against the end of the air intake side of the blade (81) near the lower edge plate (83), and the fifth positioning block (75) is used to abut against the end of the air intake side of the blade (81) near the upper edge plate (82). The sixth positioning block (76) is used to abut against the side of the upper edge plate (82) facing the blade (81), and the sixth positioning block (76) is located on the back side of the blade (81).

3. The aero-engine blade machining fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first positioning block (71), the second positioning block (72), the third positioning block (73), the fourth positioning block (74) and the fifth positioning block (75) are provided with contact lines on the end face of the blade (8) that match the profile of the blade body (81) at the corresponding position. The first positioning block (71), the second positioning block (72), the third positioning block (73), the fourth positioning block (74) and the fifth positioning block (75) all form line contact with the surface of the blade body (81) of the blade (8).

4. The aero-engine blade machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support assembly (5) includes multiple auxiliary support structures (501) located on the connecting plate (4) opposite to the vertical mounting plate (2). Each auxiliary support structure (501) includes a fixed block (51), a sliding block (52), and a support block (53). The fixed block (51) is fixedly mounted on the connecting plate (4), and the sliding block (52) is slidably mounted on the fixed block (51). The fixed block (51) is provided with a sliding groove for the sliding block (52) to slide. The sliding direction of the sliding block (52) is perpendicular to the connecting plate (4). The bottom of the sliding block (52) is provided with a receiving cavity, and a first spring is provided in the receiving cavity. One end of the first spring is connected to the sliding groove. The bottom of the groove abuts against the first spring, which applies a force away from the connecting plate (4) to the sliding block (52). The support block (53) is rotatably mounted on the sliding block (52). One side of the support block (53) is rotatably connected to the sliding block (52). The side of the support block (53) facing away from the sliding block (52) is a contact block (54) that contacts the leaf basin surface of the blade (81). The rotation axis of the support block (53) is set along the blade height direction of the blade (81). Contact blocks (54) are provided on both sides of the rotation axis of the support block (53). The rotation axis of the support block (53) corresponds to the center position of the chord direction of the blade (81).

5. The aero-engine blade machining fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, A locking bolt (55) is threaded onto the side wall of the fixing block (51), and one end of the locking bolt (55) extends into the sliding groove and abuts against the side wall of the sliding block (52).

6. The aero-engine blade machining fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The profile of the side of the contact block (54) facing the blade (81) along the blade height direction and the position of the auxiliary support structure (501) contacting the blade (81) are respectively consistent with the profile of the blade (81) in the blade height direction at the corresponding position. Furthermore, the cross section of the side of the contact block (54) facing the blade (81) in the direction perpendicular to the blade height of the blade (81) is an arc-shaped surface.

7. The aero-engine blade machining fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support block (53) is provided with set screws (56) located on opposite sides of the rotating shaft of the support block (53). The set screws (56) are threadedly connected to the support block (53). The set screws (56) facing the blade surface (81) of the blade are pointed structures. The tips of the two set screws (56) on the support block (53) are respectively used to press against the blade surface (8) of the blades (8) on both sides of the rotating shaft.

8. The aero-engine blade machining fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting plate (4) is provided with auxiliary support structures (501) at one end near the upper edge plate (82), one end near the lower edge plate (83), and at the center of the blade (81) along the blade height.

9. The aero-engine blade machining fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support assembly (5) also includes multiple exhaust side support structures (502), each of which includes a fixed base (57), a sliding rod (58), a release bolt (59), a second spring (510), and a tightening bolt (511). The fixed base (57) is fixed on the connecting plate (4). The fixed base (57) is provided with a slide rail. One end of the sliding rod (58) is located in the slide rail, and the other end of the sliding rod (58) extends out of the slide rail to abut against the exhaust edge of the blade (81). The second spring (510) is located in the slide rail. One end of the second spring (510) abuts against the end of the sliding rod (58) away from the blade (8). The second spring (510) is used to apply a force to the sliding rod (58) to move towards the blade (8). The end of the slide rail near the blade (8) is provided with an inwardly protruding annular platform. The end of the sliding rod (58) away from the blade (8) is fixed with a limit block (513). The outer circumference of the sliding rod (58) matches the inner ring of the annular platform. The outer periphery of the position block (513) matches the inner wall of the slide. The end of the slide away from the blade (8) passes through the fixed seat (57). The end of the fixed seat (57) away from the blade (8) is fixed with a cover plate (512). The cover plate (512) is provided with the tightening bolt (511). The tightening bolt (511) and the cover plate (512) are bolted together. The screw of the tightening bolt (511) extends into the second spring (510) to abut against the end face of the sliding rod (58). The end of the second spring (510) away from the sliding abuts against the cover plate (512). The release bolt (59) and the fixed seat (57) are threaded together. The screw of the release bolt (59) passes through the slide to abut against the outer periphery of the sliding rod (58). The end face of the sliding rod (58) facing the blade (8) is an inclined surface (516). The inclined surface (516) is used to contact the trailing edge of the exhaust side of the blade (81). The tangent direction of the inclined surface (516) and the trailing edge of the blade (81) contacted by the corresponding sliding rod (58) is parallel.

10. The aero-engine blade machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly (6) includes multiple clamping structures (601) arranged sequentially along the blade height direction. Each clamping structure (601) includes a pressure rod (61), a pressure block (62), and a clamping screw (63). One end of the pressure rod (61) is hinged to a connecting seat, and the hinge axis of the pressure rod (61) is parallel to the blade height direction. The other end of the pressure rod (61) is provided with a notch (64). One end of the clamping screw (63) is hinged to a connecting plate (4), and the hinge axis of the clamping screw (63) is parallel to the blade height direction. The other end of the clamping screw (63) is used to rotate into the notch (64). A positioning device is threaded onto the clamping screw (63). A clamping nut (65) is attached to the side of the pressure rod (61) facing away from the connecting plate (4). The middle part of the pressure block (62) and the pressure rod (61) are rotatably connected. The rotation axis of the pressure block (62) is parallel to the blade height direction. The side of the pressure block (62) facing away from the pressure rod (61) is provided with protrusions (66) located on opposite sides of the rotation axis of the pressure rod (61). The protrusions (66) are used to abut against the back of the blade (8). The rotation axis of the pressure block (62) corresponds to the center position of the chord direction of the blade body (81). When the clamping structure (601) clamps the blade (8), the length direction of the pressure rod (61) is set along the chord direction of the blade body (81).

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