Test system and test method for an electrolysis subsystem

Abstract

The present invention relates to a modular test system (100) for testing an electrolysis subsystem (200) which comprises at least one electrolysis component (20) with at least one electrolysis cell stack (20A), wherein the modular test system (100) has: a control module (10) for controlling a test mode of the electrolysis subsystem (200); a power supply emulator module (11) for emulating a dynamic power supply from a regenerative power generator; and a fluid supply emulator module (14) for emulating a dynamic fluid supply of a local water supply.

Description

[0001] Test system and test procedure for an electrolysis subsystem

[0002] The present invention relates to a modular test system for testing an electrolysis subsystem and a corresponding test method for testing an electrolysis subsystem, wherein the electrolysis subsystem comprises at least the system components of an electrolysis component and a hydrogen separation component.

[0003] In the course of the energy transition and the desired transition to sustainable energy generation technologies, electrolyzers are used in the state of the art to chemically store renewable, intermittently available electricity in the form of hydrogen. Electrolyzers are integrated on a large scale, for example, in a plant with a renewable energy generator, such as a wind turbine or a photovoltaic system, or connected to a regular power grid. They require system peripherals for the supply of water, for storing the generated hydrogen, and for the electrical connection.

[0004] Before commissioning such a system, test runs and fine-tuning are required before and after local installation of the electrolyzer and the system peripheral components to ensure operational reliability and efficiency in combination with the renewable energy generator and in relation to the local individual environmental and weather conditions.

[0005] Such individual test runs and on-site system adjustments delay commissioning and increase the overall costs of a project. Furthermore, it is difficult, impossible, or even associated with excessive risk to explore the individual boundary conditions of the installed system technology in local test runs or to maintain them over a specified period and intensity.

[0006] Quality tests of individual system components are known, such as an end-of-line test of electrolysis cell stacks installed in an electrolyzer. These tests are based on specific electrochemical diagnostic procedures that are only feasible or seem appropriate at the cell and cell stack level, or tests that are only performed in a constant, stable state or with a basic component setting. Furthermore, test benches for fuel cell technology are known on which fuel cells can be tested, possibly in conjunction with other components of a specific system periphery. These test setups, in turn, are unsuitable for testing an electrolyzer with components of a specific system periphery.

[0007] It is an object of the invention to provide a technology that enables testing of the operation of at least a part of an electrolysis system with electrolysis cells in conjunction with an individual configuration or setting of further system components of the electrolysis system, preferably under predeterminable, reproducible operating conditions.

[0008] The above object is achieved by a modular test system having the features of claim 1 and a test method having the steps of claim 10. Further features and details of the invention emerge from the subclaims, the description and the drawings.

[0009] Features and details that are described in connection with the system according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the method according to the invention and vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention, reference is or can always be made to each other.

[0010] The modular test system according to the invention is used for testing an electrolysis subsystem comprising at least one electrolysis component with at least one electrolysis cell stack. To provide a test environment, the modular test system according to the invention comprises: a control module with control electronics and a control program for controlling test operation of the electrolysis subsystem, wherein the control module is signal-connectable to a control component of the electrolysis component via a data interface for exchanging commands and measured values ​​relating to operating parameters of the electrolysis subsystem;a power supply emulator module with an electrical power source and a power electronics circuit for emulating a dynamic power supply, wherein the power supply emulator module is electrically connectable to a power input of the electrolysis component via a power interface for supplying electrical power to the electrolysis subsystem; and a fluid supply emulator module with a fluid supply source and at least one valve for emulating a dynamic fluid supply, wherein the fluid supply emulator module is fluidly connectable to a fluid inlet of the electrolysis component via a fluid interface for supplying a process fluid to the electrolysis subsystem.

[0011] Likewise, the test method according to the invention serves to test an electrolysis subsystem comprising at least one electrolysis component with at least one electrolysis cell stack. To carry out the test method according to the invention, it comprises the following steps:

[0012] - Controlling a test operation of the electrolysis subsystem by means of control electronics and a control program, which are signal-connected to a control component of the electrolysis component via a data interface for the exchange of commands and measured values ​​relating to operating parameters of the electrolysis subsystem;

[0013] - Emulating a dynamic power supply by means of an electrical power source and a power electronics circuit which are electrically connected to a power input of the electrolysis component for supplying electrical power to the electrolysis subsystem via a power interface; and

[0014] - Emulating a dynamic fluid supply by means of a fluid supply source and at least one valve, which are fluidically connected to a fluid inlet of the electrolysis component via a fluid interface for supplying a process fluid into the electrolysis subsystem.

[0015] The invention thus provides for the first time a test environment and a process technology for a subsystem for hydrogen production with an electrolyzer, i.e. an electrolysis component with electrolysis cells and possibly other selected components.

[0016] According to the invention, the electrolysis subsystem is to be understood in particular as representing the property of being able to test any number and combination of components of an incomplete electrolysis system using the test bench (test system). The electrolysis system according to the invention is designed in particular as a PEM system or as an AEM system.

[0017] A major advantage of the invention is that the individual configuration and adjustment of system components for hydrogen production, including an electrolyzer and plant technology, can be simulated in a factory. Thus, after local installation at the energy producer, a number of test runs for functional testing and tuning of the installed system components can be partially eliminated or significantly shortened.

[0018] Further advantages of the invention include the possibility of safe and reproducible test operation with a specific combination of system components under adjustable individual test conditions, as well as hazard-free or hazard-reduced test operation under boundary conditions. This allows various configurations, dimensions, and settings to be tested and adjusted for compatibility in advance in a factory, involving the interaction of emulated and real system components of an electrolysis subsystem. This creates a database and expertise that allows for individual optimization of the configuration and settings of the system components and system technology for new projects or ongoing applications.

[0019] Another advantage of the invention is that such test runs can be conducted not only under local conditions on-site, but also in a laboratory environment, allowing the use of stationary measurement technology or a larger scope of measurement technology, the mobility and on-site installation of which would require considerable effort. This, in turn, results in higher quality test results and insights, as well as a shorter setup time for test runs.

[0020] Last but not least, the invention has the advantage that individually preconfigured systems or subsystems for hydrogen generation for local application can be tested in advance of or during a corresponding construction project for a renewable energy generator, whereby commissioning after installation of the system technology on site is significantly shortened and the risk of operational stability in an initial phase for an operator is reduced. According to one aspect of the invention, the modular test system can have at least one gas separation emulator module with a separation vessel for separating a gas phase from a liquid phase to emulate an oxygen separation component and / or a hydrogen separation component of the electrolysis subsystem, wherein the at least one gas separation emulator module is fluidically connectable to the electrolysis component by means of a fluid interface for discharging a product gas from the electrolysis component.

[0021] According to one aspect of the invention, the modular test system may comprise a compression emulator module with a compressor unit and a reservoir for emulating compressed gas storage, wherein the compression emulator module is fluidically connectable to a fluid outlet of the hydrogen separation component by means of a fluid interface for discharging a product gas from the electrolysis subsystem.

[0022] According to one aspect of the invention, the control electronics of the control module can comprise a memory in which predetermined operating parameters for the test operation are stored, and in which measured values ​​for operating parameters that are detected by sensors during the test operation can be stored.

[0023] According to one aspect of the invention, the power electronics circuit of the mains supply emulator module may comprise at least one power transistor for modulating a voltage, a phase shift and / or a current of at least two phases, wherein an input of the power transistor is connected to the power source of the mains supply emulator module, and an output of the power transistor is connected to the power interface to the electrolysis component.

[0024] According to one aspect of the invention, the at least one valve of the fluid supply emulator module can comprise at least one control valve with a controllable actuator for modulating a pressure and / or a flow rate of the process fluid, wherein an inlet of the control valve is connected to the fluid supply source of the fluid supply emulator module, and an outlet of the control valve is connected to the fluid interface to the electrolysis component. According to one aspect of the invention, the fluid supply emulator module can comprise a temperature control unit with a heat exchanger unit and / or a heating unit for controlling the temperature of the process fluid.

[0025] According to one aspect of the invention, the fluid supply emulator module may comprise an additive unit having an additive inlet directed into the process fluid for introducing an additive into the process fluid.

[0026] According to one aspect of the invention, the compressor unit of the compression emulator module may comprise a compressor drive control for modulating a gas mass flow discharged from the hydrogen separation component and / or a back pressure upstream of the compressor unit.

[0027] According to one aspect of the invention, the testing method may comprise the step:

[0028] - Emulating a gas separation by means of a separation vessel which is fluidically connected to a fluid outlet of the electrolysis component via a fluid interface for discharging a product gas from the electrolysis component.

[0029] According to one aspect of the invention, the testing method may comprise the step:

[0030] - Emulating compressed gas storage by means of a compressor device and a reservoir which are fluidly connected to a fluid outlet of the hydrogen separation component via a fluid interface for discharging a product gas from the electrolysis subsystem.

[0031] According to one aspect of the invention, the step of controlling the test operation may comprise specifying operating parameters for the test operation and detecting measured values ​​for operating parameters during the test operation by means of sensors.

[0032] According to one aspect of the invention, the step of emulating the power supply may comprise modulating a voltage, a phase shift, and / or a current of at least two phases of a mains supply power using a power transistor. According to one aspect of the invention, the step of emulating the fluid supply may comprise modulating a pressure and / or a flow rate of the process fluid using a control valve.

[0033] According to one aspect of the invention, the step of emulating the fluid supply may comprise tempering the process fluid by means of a heat exchanger unit and / or a heating unit.

[0034] According to one aspect of the invention, the step of emulating the fluid supply may comprise introducing an additive into the process fluid by means of an additive unit.

[0035] According to one aspect of the invention, the step of emulating the compressed gas storage may comprise modulating a discharged gas mass flow and / or a back pressure upstream of the compressor unit by means of a compressor drive control.

[0036] Further advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description, which describes embodiments of the invention in detail with reference to the drawings. The features and embodiments mentioned in the claims and in the description may be essential to the invention individually or in any combination. They show schematically:

[0037] Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a complete electrolysis system operatively connected to a renewable energy generator in a common plant;

[0038] Fig. 2 is a block diagram of an electrolysis subsystem to be tested in a test operating environment by a modular test system according to a first embodiment of the invention;

[0039] Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of an electrolysis subsystem to be tested in a test operating environment by a modular test system according to a second embodiment of the invention; Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of an electrolysis subsystem to be tested in a test operating environment by a modular test system according to a further, modified embodiment of the invention;

[0040] Fig. 5 is a block diagram of an electrolysis subsystem to be tested in a test operating environment by a modular test system according to a further modified embodiment of the invention; and

[0041] Fig. 6 is a block diagram of an electrolysis subsystem to be tested in a test operating environment by a modular test system according to a further modified embodiment of the invention.

[0042] Fig. 1 shows a known structure of an operational, complete electrolysis system, which is connected via installed plant technology to renewable energy generators, such as a solar park and a wind turbine, as well as to a local water supply source. The electrolysis system comprises an electrolysis cell stack, shown symbolically here, and a control component CPU, which together form an electrolyzer and an electrolysis component of the electrolysis system, respectively. The energy generators and the electrolysis component are electrically connected via a transformer and a rectifier, which convert and, if necessary, reform an output current generated by the energy generators in order to feed electrical power with a direct current into electrolysis cells for the electrolysis of water. In addition, the electrolysis component is connected to plant technology for fluid supply and removal.This includes an inlet line from a water supply, pumps, filters, check valves, etc., and a return line for water from two separate gas separators for oxygen and hydrogen. The system also includes two separate gas discharge lines at the two electrodes of the electrolysis component for discharging the produced oxygen and hydrogen to the respective gas separators, as well as a vent line for the oxygen and a storage line for the hydrogen. The storage line includes a catalytic purification unit for removing residual oxygen or nitrogen from the produced hydrogen, and a thermal drying unit for removing moisture from the produced hydrogen. The oxygen is vented to the atmosphere, and the hydrogen is compressed and stored in a pressure reservoir. Fig.2 shows a first embodiment of a test system 100 that provides an environment for test operation of an electrolysis subsystem 200. The electrolysis subsystem 200 to be tested corresponds, at least in some system components, to the known electrolysis system from FIG. 1 , and in this regard comprises at least one electrolysis component 20 with a plurality of electrolysis cell stacks 20A and a control component 20B in the form of a microcomputer. Electrolysis cells of the electrolysis cell stacks 20A generate, in a known manner, oxygen gas O2, i.e., an at least oxygen-containing product gas of the electrolysis reaction, and hydrogen gas H2, i.e., an at least hydrogen-containing product gas of the electrolysis reaction, from liquid, optionally distilled water or an at least water-containing process fluid of the electrolysis reaction, using electrical power at electrodes with a positive and a negative potential.

[0043] The control component 20B is connected to sensors for measuring current and voltage at the electrolysis cells as well as for measuring fluid flows of water, oxygen gas or hydrogen gas, temperatures, pressures or water purity in fluid and gas lines of the electrolysis subsystem 200 as well as to actuators, such as control valves for adjusting fluid flows.

[0044] The electrolysis subsystem 200 comprises a transformer component 22 and a rectifier component 23 for converting a provided electrical power into a direct current, which is fed to the electrodes of the electrolysis cell stacks 20A. Furthermore, the electrolysis subsystem 200 comprises a system technology with an oxygen gas separation component 25, which is designed as a gas separator and separates the oxygen gas O2 generated in the electrolysis cells, i.e., at least one oxygen-containing product gas, in a gas discharge line from an electrode of the electrolysis cell stacks 20A.

[0045] Likewise, the electrolysis subsystem 200 comprises a hydrogen separation component 26, which is designed as a gas separator for the generated hydrogen gas H2, i.e., at least one hydrogen-containing product gas, in a gas discharge line from the other electrode of the electrolysis cell stack 20A. Downstream, as further optional system components of the electrolysis subsystem 200, are a catalyst component 27 for cleaning and a dryer component 28 for drying the generated hydrogen gas. The modular test system 100 shown in Fig. 2 has various functional modules of a system environment for establishing the operability of the electrolysis subsystem 200 and for initiating various predetermined test operating states thereof.

[0046] The test system 100 includes a control module 10 equipped with control electronics such as a microcomputer, i.e., a CPU, and a control program. The control module 10 is signal-connected to the control component 20B of the electrolysis subsystem 200 via a data interface. From a process engineering perspective, the control module 10, as part of step S10 of a test method, exchanges commands and measured values ​​relating to operating parameters of the electrolysis subsystem 200 with a control component 20B via the data interface in order to control the test operation of the electrolysis subsystem 200 in accordance with the control program and to store acquired data relating to measurements and settings during the test operation. Furthermore, the control module 10 has means for diagnostics, safety functions such as limit value monitoring, targeted fault insertion, and simulation.An integration of such simulations with respect to system components of the electrolysis subsystem 200 forms a basis for controlling the emulation modules of the test system 100.

[0047] The modular test system 100 further comprises a grid supply emulator module 11 equipped with an electrical power source, such as a grid connection to a stationary power grid, and a power electronics circuit. The grid supply emulator module 11 is signal-connected to the control module 10 to implement commands for emulating a dynamic power supply in accordance with the control program. The emulated grid supply is fed to the electrodes of the electrolysis stacks 20A via a power interface and a power input of the electrolysis component 20.

[0048] From a process engineering perspective, the grid supply emulator module 11, as part of step S11 of the test method, uses the power electronics to emulate, for example, an alternating current or three-phase current, as well as power fluctuations from a simulation of a coupled renewable energy generator, at a grid connection available for test operation, into an output power that is supplied to the electrolysis component 20 for electrolysis during test operation. The emulation can comprise a modulation of a voltage, a phase shift, and / or a current of at least two phases.

[0049] Furthermore, the modular test system 100 includes a fluid supply emulator module 14 equipped with a fluid supply source, such as a connection to a stationary water network, and at least one flow control valve. The fluid supply emulator module 14 is signal-connected to the control module 10 to implement commands for emulating a dynamic water supply in accordance with the control program. The emulated water supply is fed into a basin or chambers of the electrolysis cells of the electrolysis stacks 20A via a fluid interface and a fluid inlet of the electrolysis component 20. Such emulation can include fluctuations in a pressure or mass flow of the supplied water, as well as fluctuations in a temperature or a concentration of contaminants.For this purpose, the fluid supply emulator module 14 optionally has a temperature control unit with a heat exchanger unit and / or a heating unit (not shown further) for controlling the temperature of the water or process fluid during test operation. Likewise, the fluid supply emulator module 14 optionally has an additive unit with an additive inlet (not shown further) directed into the process fluid for introducing an additive into the process fluid. Through the controlled addition of additives, such as minerals or organic substances, a characteristic water quality profile from a local water supply can be simulated at the application site.

[0050] From a process engineering perspective, the fluid supply emulator module 14, as a part and step S14 of the test method, implements an emulation of a possibly fluctuating pressure and a mass flow as well as a water temperature and the water quality of the local water supply at the application site of the regenerative energy generator in a water supply by means of the control valve at a water connection available for the test operation, which is supplied to the electrolysis component 20 as process fluid for electrolysis during the test operation.

[0051] The modular test system 100 further optionally includes a compression emulator module 19, which is equipped with a motor-driven compressor unit and a reservoir in the form of a gas pressure accumulator (not further shown). The compression emulator module 19 is signal-connected to the control module 10 to implement commands for emulating compression and pressure storage of the generated hydrogen gas in accordance with the control program. The hydrogen gas separated in the hydrogen separation component 26 is discharged or extracted at a fluid outlet of the hydrogen separation component 26 via a fluid interface and, if applicable, other system components, such as the catalyst component 27 or the dryer component 28.The emulated pressure storage can provide, by means of the compressor unit, a removal of the hydrogen gas from a predetermined overpressure in the hydrogen separation component 26, a permanent removal at a constant negative pressure, or a removal at a cyclic interval in connection with a pressure or a period of time.

[0052] From a process engineering perspective, the compression emulator module 19, as an optional part and step S19 of the test method, implements an emulation of an output-side, possibly fluctuating pressure and mass flow of the hydrogen gas generated from the electrolysis subsystem 200 upstream of a specific compressor and pressure accumulator of an individual system technology of the application, using the compressor unit. This hydrogen gas is discharged from the hydrogen separation component 26 as the electrolysis product fluid during test operation. The emulation can comprise a modulation of a gas mass flow discharged from the hydrogen separation component 26 and / or a backpressure upstream of the compressor unit, carried out by means of a compressor drive control.

[0053] In an alternative, simplified embodiment or modification, the modular test system 100 can comprise, as the compression emulator module 19, only one valve in the part of the system technology for discharging the generated hydrogen gas. In a particularly simple basic configuration, such a valve sets a discharge of the hydrogen gas under a predetermined backpressure or a cyclically actuated discharge at intervals, allowing the hydrogen gas to escape into any system environment or into the atmosphere.

[0054] Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of the modular test system 100, which is based on the modular test system 100 from Fig. 3 and additionally comprises further functional modules that emulate and replace missing system components of the electrolysis subsystem 200. Thus, in the second embodiment, the modular test system 100 comprises an optional conversion emulator module 12, which is equipped with an electrical circuit such as a transformer and a rectifier or power electronics. The conversion emulator module 12 converts the electrical power provided for test operation from the mains supply emulator module 11 into a suitable direct current for feeding to the electrolysis cell stacks 20A. The conversion emulator module 12 emulates and functionally replaces the transformer component 22 and the rectifier component 23 on the electrolysis subsystem 200 during test operation if these are not present in the system configuration to be tested.In an alternative embodiment or modification, the conversion module 12 can be integrated in the mains supply emulator module 11, wherein the function of power conversion is taken over and implemented by the power electronics of the mains supply emulator module 11.

[0055] The modular test system 100 of the second embodiment comprises an optional gas separation emulator module 15 equipped with a gas separation unit, i.e., a gas separator for separating a gas phase from a liquid phase. The gas separation emulator module 15 separates the oxygen gas generated during test operation at an electrode of the electrolysis cell stack 20A as a product gas from a liquid, aqueous phase. During test operation, the gas separation emulator module 15 replaces or emulates the oxygen separation component 25 on the electrolysis subsystem 200 if it is not present in the system configuration to be tested. In an alternative, simplified embodiment or modification, the gas separation emulator module 15 can comprise only a container and, if appropriate, a valve for emulation, from which the oxygen gas escapes into any system environment or into the atmosphere.

[0056] From a process engineering perspective, the gas separation emulator module 15, as an optional part and step S15 of the test method, implements an emulation of an output-side gas phase separation of the generated hydrogen gas from the liquid phase of the process water from the electrolysis component 20 by means of the separation vessel, which is generated as the product fluid of the electrolysis in the electrolysis cell stacks 20A during the test operation.

[0057] In addition, the modular test system 100 of the second embodiment includes an optional gas treatment emulator module 18, which is equipped with a catalytic gas purification unit, a thermal dryer unit, or both. The gas treatment emulator module 18 purifies the generated hydrogen gas from other gaseous or fluid residues such as oxygen, nitrogen, or water vapor. During test operation, the gas treatment emulator module 18 replaces or emulates the catalyst component 27 and the dryer component 28 on the electrolysis subsystem 200 if these are not present in the system configuration to be tested.In an alternative, simplified embodiment or modification, the gas treatment emulator module 18 can comprise only a valve or a line section with a predetermined flow cross-section, a fluidic gate, or a labyrinth for emulation, thereby simulating a flow resistance of the catalyst component 27 and the dryer component 28 in the discharge line toward the compression emulator module 19. In a further simplified embodiment or modification, the gas treatment emulator module 18 of the modular test system 100 can be completely omitted in certain test operations, even if the electrolysis subsystem 200 in the configuration to be tested does not include a catalyst component 27 or a dryer component 28.

[0058] Figures 4 to 6 show further embodiments of the modular test system 100, which are based on the embodiment of Fig. 2 and selectively include additional modules of the embodiment of Fig. 3. Thus, these further embodiments enable test operation with an individual system configuration of the electrolysis subsystem 200, ie, in particular with a different number of system components.

[0059] Thus, the embodiment of the modular test system 100 in Fig. 4 merely additionally comprises the optional conversion emulator module 12 in order to compensate for the missing transformer component 22 and the missing rectifier component 23 in the electrolysis subsystem 200 by emulating the power conversion during test operation.

[0060] In Fig. 5, the embodiment of the modular test system 100 additionally comprises the optional gas separation emulator module 15 to compensate for the missing oxygen separation component 25 in the electrolysis subsystem 200 through actual gas separation or through fluidic emulation thereof during test operation. The embodiment of the modular test system 100 shown in Fig. 6 additionally comprises the optional gas treatment emulator module 18 to compensate for the missing catalyst component 27 and the missing dryer component 28 in the electrolysis subsystem 200 through actual gas treatment or through fluidic emulation thereof during test operation.

[0061] Of course, further configurations with different numbers of modules can be created in a modular principle as intermediate forms of the aforementioned embodiments of the modular test system 100 in adaptation to a system configuration and number of system components of the electrolysis subsystem 200.

[0062] The above explanations of the embodiments describe the present invention exclusively by way of examples. Of course, individual features of the embodiments can be freely combined with one another, provided they are technically feasible, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0063] List of reference symbols

[0064] 10 Control module

[0065] 11 Power supply emulator module

[0066] 12 Forming emulator module

[0067] 14 Fluid supply emulator module

[0068] 15 Gas separation emulator module

[0069] 18 Gas treatment emulator module

[0070] 19 Compression emulator module

[0071] 20 Electrolysis components

[0072] 20A electrolysis cell stack

[0073] 20B Control component

[0074] 22 T ransformer component

[0075] 23 Rectifier component

[0076] 25 Oxygen gas separation component

[0077] 26 hydrogen separation component

[0078] 27 Catalyst component

[0079] 28 Dryer component

[0080] 100 modular test system

[0081] 200 electrolysis subsystem

Claims

Patent claims 1. Modular test system (100) for testing an electrolysis subsystem (200) comprising at least one electrolysis component (20) with at least one electrolysis cell stack (20A), wherein the modular test system (100) has: a control module (10) with control electronics and a control program for controlling a test operation of the electrolysis subsystem (200), wherein the control module (10) can be signal-connected to a control component (20B) of the electrolysis component (20) by means of a data interface, for an exchange of commands and measured values ​​relating to operating parameters of the electrolysis subsystem (200);a mains supply emulator module (11) with an electrical power source and a power electronics circuit for emulating a dynamic power supply, wherein the mains supply emulator module (11) is electrically connectable to a power input of the electrolysis component (20) by means of a power interface for supplying electrical power to the electrolysis subsystem (200); and a fluid supply emulator module (14) with a fluid supply source and at least one valve for emulating a dynamic fluid supply, wherein the fluid supply emulator module (14) is fluidically connectable to a fluid inlet of the electrolysis component (20) by means of a fluid interface for supplying a process fluid to the electrolysis subsystem (200).

2. Modular test system (100) according to claim 1, comprising at least one gas separation emulator module (15) with a separation container for separating a gas phase from a liquid phase for emulating an oxygen separation component (25) and / or a hydrogen separation component (26) of the electrolysis subsystem (200), wherein the at least one gas separation emulator module (15) is fluidically connectable to the electrolysis component (20) by means of a fluid interface for discharging a product gas from the electrolysis component (20).

3. Modular test system (100) according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a compression emulator module (19) with a compressor unit and a reservoir for Emulation of a compressed gas storage, wherein the compression emulator module (19) is fluidically connectable by means of a fluid interface to a fluid outlet of the hydrogen separation component (26) or of the at least one gas separation emulator module (15), for discharging a product gas from the electrolysis subsystem (200).

4. Modular test system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control electronics of the control module (10) comprises a memory in which predetermined operating parameters for the test operation are stored, and in which measured values ​​for operating parameters which are detected by sensors during the test operation can be stored.

5. Modular test system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the power electronics circuit of the mains supply emulator module (11) comprises at least one power transistor for modulating a voltage, a phase shift and / or a current of at least two phases, wherein an input of the power transistor is connected to the power source of the mains supply emulator module (11), and an output of the power transistor is connected to the power interface to the electrolysis component (20).

6. Modular test system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one valve of the fluid supply emulator module (14) comprises at least one control valve with a controllable actuator for modulating a pressure and / or a flow rate of the process fluid, wherein an inlet of the control valve is connected to the fluid supply source of the fluid supply emulator module (14), and an outlet of the control valve is connected to the fluid interface to the electrolysis component (20).

7. Modular test system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fluid supply emulator module (14) comprises a temperature control unit with a heat exchanger unit and / or a heating unit for temperature control of the process fluid.

8. Modular test system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fluid supply emulator module (14) comprises an additive unit with a the process fluid directed additive inlet for introducing an additive into the process fluid.

9. Modular test system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the compressor unit of the compression emulator module (19) comprises a compressor drive control for modulating a gas mass flow discharged from the hydrogen separation component (26) and / or a backpressure upstream of the compressor unit.

10. Test method for testing an electrolysis subsystem (200) comprising at least one electrolysis component (20) with at least one electrolysis cell stack (20A), comprising the steps: - controlling (S10) a test operation of the electrolysis subsystem (200) by means of control electronics and a control program, which are signal-connected to a control component (20B) of the electrolysis component (20) via a data interface for an exchange of commands and measured values ​​relating to operating parameters of the electrolysis subsystem (200); - Emulating (S11) a dynamic power supply by means of an electrical power source and a power electronics circuit which are electrically connected to a power input of the electrolysis component (20) via a power interface for supplying electrical power to the electrolysis subsystem (200); and - Emulating (S14) a dynamic fluid supply by means of a fluid supply source and at least one valve, which are fluidically connected to a fluid inlet of the electrolysis component (20) via a fluid interface for supplying a process fluid into the electrolysis subsystem (200). 1 1. Test method according to claim 10, comprising the step: - Emulating (S15) a gas separation by means of a separation vessel which is fluidically connected to a fluid outlet of the electrolysis component (20) via a fluid interface for discharging a product gas from the electrolysis component (20).

12. Test method according to claim 10 or 11, comprising the step: - Emulating (S19) a compressed gas storage by means of a compressor device and a reservoir which are fluidically connected to a fluid outlet of the electrolysis subsystem (200) via a fluid interface for discharging a product gas from the electrolysis subsystem (200).

13. Test method according to claim 10 to 12, wherein the step of controlling (S10) the test operation comprises specifying operating parameters for the test operation and detecting measured values ​​for operating parameters during the test operation by means of sensors.

14. Test method according to one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the step of emulating (S11) the power supply comprises modulating a voltage, a phase shift and / or a current of at least two phases of a mains supply power by means of a power transistor.

15. Test method according to one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the step of emulating (S14) the fluid supply comprises modulating a pressure and / or a flow rate of the process fluid by means of a control valve.

16. Test method according to one of claims 10 to 15, wherein the step of emulating (S14) the fluid supply comprises tempering the process fluid by means of a heat exchanger unit and / or a heating unit.

17. Test method according to one of claims 10 to 16, wherein the step of emulating (S14) the fluid supply comprises introducing an additive into the process fluid by means of an additive unit.

18. Test method according to one of claims 10 to 17, wherein the step of emulating (S19) the compressed gas storage comprises modulating a discharged gas mass flow and / or a back pressure upstream of the compressor unit by means of a compressor drive control.

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