Wall component for producing a wall and / or bord of excavation and method for erecting a wall and / or bord of excavation

Abstract

A wall component (10) for constructing a wall and / or a retaining wall for a slope is described. The wall component (10) comprises a first plate-shaped shell element (12) and a second plate-shaped shell element (14) arranged opposite the first shell element (12), wherein the first shell element (12) and the second shell element (14) are connected by at least one reinforcement element (20) and wherein the first shell element (12) and the second shell element (14) are spaced apart from each other, such that a space (18) for concrete material is formed between the first shell element (12) and the second shell element (14).Furthermore, the wall component (10) comprises a third, at least partially concave, shell element (16) which connects the first shell element (12) and the second shell element (14) at their respective ends, such that a section of the space (18) is bounded on five sides by the first shell element (12), the second shell element (14), and the third shell element (16). A method for constructing a wall and / or a retaining wall is also presented.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a wall component for the production of a wall and / or a support for a terrain step.

[0002] Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for constructing a wall and / or a retaining wall for a terrain step.

[0003] In construction processes, the space excavated below ground level is called an excavation pit. Excavations have a containment structure, which can be designed as a slope or as excavation shoring. Excavation shoring is typically used in confined spaces or, for example, when a slope is not possible due to soil conditions or the groundwater level. The excavation shoring serves to secure the ground level and enables the construction of building walls below ground level. Various types of excavation shoring and building wall construction are used in accordance with current best practices.

[0004] Sheet pile walls are one example of a construction method. To erect sheet pile walls, individual sheet pile profiles are pressed, driven, or vibrated into the ground, with the individual profiles potentially connected by interlocking tongue and groove joints. The actual building wall can then be constructed between the erected sheet pile wall and additional formwork. Driving or vibrating the sheet pile profiles into the ground causes vibrations and settlement, which can damage surrounding structures. Furthermore, due to their width and the driving equipment required for their installation, sheet pile profiles do not allow for the construction of walls directly on the property line. Removing the sheet pile profiles is also a complex process, requiring specialized machinery that may need to access parts of the building under construction.Furthermore, removing the sheet pile profiles can lead to loosening and / or subsidence in the surrounding properties. It is also possible that individual sheet pile profiles cannot be removed from the ground, or only with great difficulty, thus further increasing construction costs.

[0005] Another type of excavation support is provided by diaphragm walls. Here, a trench is excavated using a diaphragm wall grab or a diaphragm wall cutter. The trench is stabilized with a concrete slurry and then typically filled with concrete. The resulting diaphragm wall generally serves only to secure the excavation and is not part of the building under construction. Consequently, a building wall must also be constructed. Due to the significant effort and the required site setup, the construction of trenches is associated with high costs and is only economically viable for certain construction projects.

[0006] Furthermore, there are many other types of excavation shoring. However, these are often very complex and expensive due to the use and necessary changes of various devices and construction machinery, as well as the many individual work steps involved.

[0007] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method and a device that simplify the production of a wall and / or a terrain step support.

[0008] The task is solved by a wall component for constructing a wall and / or a retaining wall for a slope. The wall component comprises a first plate-shaped shell element and a second plate-shaped shell element arranged opposite the first. The first and second shell elements are connected by at least one reinforcement element. Furthermore, the first and second shell elements are spaced apart from each other, creating a gap for concrete material. The wall component also includes a third, at least partially concave, shell element, which connects the first and second shell elements at their ends, such that a section of the gap is bounded on five sides by the first, second, and third shell elements.

[0009] The basic idea behind the invention is to provide a wall component that fulfills two functions simultaneously. On the one hand, it can serve as a retaining wall for slopes, at least during the construction process, and thus also as excavation support. On the other hand, the wall component can also be an integral part of a wall for the building under construction. Consequently, the wall component eliminates the need for additional retaining wall support or excavation support, as it can perform the function of retaining wall support itself. This has the advantage of saving both time and costs in the construction process, since the wall component alone is sufficient for retaining wall support. The time savings are achieved in particular because many work steps can be omitted from the construction process due to the absence of additional retaining wall support.Since certain work steps are eliminated, the associated material costs and construction equipment required for erecting additional retaining walls are also eliminated. This results in significant cost savings. Furthermore, it is possible to position the wall component relatively close to a property line, as the elimination of additional retaining walls allows the wall component itself to be placed closer to an adjacent property line than would be necessary if retaining walls were required between the wall and the property line. Additionally, the risk of damage to surrounding buildings can be minimized or reduced, especially compared to compacted and / or driven retaining walls.Significantly smaller settlements of the surrounding soil are to be expected compared to other terrain step support systems, since the wall component itself becomes part of the building to be erected and remains in the ground.

[0010] In this context, the term "terrain step support" can be understood to refer in particular to terrain jump support.

[0011] In this context, the term "wall component" can be understood as a semi-prefabricated element. Furthermore, the space between the facing sides of the first and second plate-shaped shell elements is defined as the gap. Since the third shell element is concave and connects the first and second shell elements at their ends, it extends laterally along the gap. The third shell element alone can define the gap in three directions, resulting in a five-sided boundary for a section of the gap when using the first and second shell elements. Additionally, at least one reinforcement element is mechanically connected to the first and second plate-shaped shell elements. The first and second plate-shaped shell elements can be shear-stiffened together via this reinforcement element.Furthermore, it is conceivable that the term "wall component" could also refer to a corner component.

[0012] The fact that a section of the cavity is bounded on five sides by the first, second, and third shell elements is due to the fact that, in this area, the first, second, and third shell elements together form a cup or bowl shape. This cup or bowl shape, formed jointly by the first, second, and third shell elements, can be watertight. In this way, soil material or liquids, such as water or a supporting slurry, such as cement slurry, are prevented from penetrating the cavity from the outside. Simultaneously, any material placed or poured into the cavity, such as concrete, is prevented from escaping by the cup or bowl shape.

[0013] According to one embodiment, the third shell element can have a base section. Furthermore, the third shell element can have a side section projecting at an angle from the base section. In particular, the third shell element can have a side section projecting at a right angle from the base section. The length of the side section can correspond to an associated length of the first shell element and / or the second shell element. Alternatively, the length of the side section can be shorter than the associated lengths of the first and second shell elements.

[0014] The length of the side sections can correspond to the length of the first shell element and / or the length of the second shell element. Alternatively, the length of the side sections can be less than the length of the first shell element and / or the length of the second shell element. In particular, the length of the side sections can be less than 50% of the combined length of the first and second shell elements. The base section can serve as a support surface. This allows the wall component to be placed on the base section, for example, without being damaged. This simplifies the handling and transport of the wall component.

[0015] The third shell element can also comprise two side sections that project at opposite ends from the base section, extending at the same side of the base section. In particular, the two side sections can project at right angles. Consequently, the third shell element can have a U-shape. This creates a pocket section that defines a first partial space. Therefore, the first partial space is bounded by the first, second, and third shell elements. Adjacent to the first partial space is a second partial space, bounded only by the first and second shell elements and open laterally on three sides. The first and second partial spaces together form the space between the shells.Since the cavity is designed for concrete material, concrete can be poured into the wall component thanks to the appropriately designed third shell element, so that the pocket section and thus also the first partial cavity are filled first. Once the first partial cavity is filled, liquid concrete can then seep out laterally from the second partial cavity.

[0016] Furthermore, the first and / or second shell element may contain an elongated opening for connecting the wall component to another structural element. This opening can lead into the cavity between the wall and the wall component. The vertical position of the opening can be, for example, at the level of a planned foundation slab or a ceiling slab. This allows the foundation slab and the cavity between the wall component to be cast using a wet-on-wet method. This creates a homogeneous concrete structure, ensuring a watertight transition between the wall component and the foundation slab. In this context, the other structural element is the foundation slab, sometimes also referred to as a base slab. It is also possible for the first and / or second shell element to contain multiple elongated openings.These multiple passage openings can be provided at the level of planned foundation slabs and / or ceiling slabs, analogous to the descriptions above.

[0017] In addition to the elongated passage opening, it is also conceivable that further openings are provided, which run through both the first and the second shell element and serve as ventilation openings, openings for windows and / or penetrations for the house connection or pipes, e.g. for wastewater.

[0018] The passage opening can extend essentially parallel to the third shell element. More precisely, the passage opening can extend essentially parallel to the base section of the third shell element. This means that if the wall component is aligned over the third shell element or over the base section of the third shell element, the passage opening automatically assumes the desired orientation. Preferably, the passage opening extends essentially horizontally.

[0019] Alternatively, the opening could extend at an angle towards the third shell element. This is particularly advantageous if, for example, a foundation slab or a ceiling slab for an inclined structure, such as an underground parking ramp, is to be provided via the opening.

[0020] Furthermore, the opening can extend across the entire width of the first and / or second shell element. If the opening extends across the entire width of the respective shell element, it is divided into two partial shell elements. Extending the opening across the entire width of the first and / or second shell element ensures that the connection between the wall component and a foundation slab also spans the entire width of the wall component. This allows for the watertight connection between the wall component and the foundation slab described above to be established across the entire width. Additionally, this allows the openings of two adjacent wall components to merge seamlessly, thus creating a watertight connection to a foundation slab even at the junction between the two wall components.

[0021] Furthermore, the wall component can include a first closure element for optionally closing the opening. This first closure element prevents contaminants, for example, from entering the cavity of the wall component through the opening. Alternatively or additionally, the first closure element can serve to contain a material, such as concrete, within the cavity. The first closure element can also be removed to release the opening when needed. This allows the wall component to still be connected to another component via the opening. The first closure element can rest on the shell element containing the opening. It is also conceivable that the first closure element rests on the opening in a sealed or hydraulically sealed manner.

[0022] Alternatively or additionally, the wall component can include a second closure element for selectively closing the gap in an area adjacent to the third shell element. The second closure element can be detachably connected to the first and second shell elements. Thus, the second closure element extends between the first, second, and third shell elements. This prevents contaminants, for example, from entering the cavity of the wall component through the laterally open gap adjacent to the third shell element. Furthermore, the second closure element can be used to retain material, such as concrete, within the cavity. The second closure element can also be removed to open the laterally open gap between the first and second shell elements as needed.Consequently, the wall component can be connected to another component, for example, another wall component, via the laterally open gap. The second closure element can extend laterally along the gap from one end of the first closure element. Furthermore, the second closure element can rest on the first, second, and third shell elements, in particular in a sealing or hydraulically sealing manner.

[0023] Furthermore, the wall component can include a third closure element for optionally closing the gap in the area adjacent to the third shell element in sections. The third closure element can be detachably connected to the first and second shell elements. Additionally, the third and second closure elements can be arranged on opposite sides of the third shell element. Thus, the third closure element also extends between the first, second, and third shell elements, but on the opposite side of the wall component from the second closure element. In this way, the gap in the area adjacent to the third shell element can be closed section by section on both sides by the second and third closure elements.As explained above, this prevents contaminants, for example, from entering the cavity of the wall component. Furthermore, the second and third sealing elements can be used to retain a material, such as concrete, within the cavity. The third sealing element can also be removed to open the laterally open cavity between the first and second shell elements when needed. Consequently, the wall component can be connected to another building element, such as another wall component, via this laterally open cavity. The third sealing element can also extend laterally along the cavity from one end of the first sealing element. Furthermore, the third sealing element can also rest on the first, second, and third shell elements, particularly in a sealing or hydraulically sealing manner.

[0024] The first, second, and / or third locking element can be coupled to the first, second, and / or third shell element by friction and / or positive locking. This allows the locking action of the first, second, and / or third locking element to be implemented simply and reliably.

[0025] Furthermore, the first locking element can be integrally formed with the second and / or third locking element. An integral design simplifies the assembly, disassembly, and handling of the locking elements.

[0026] The locking elements could, for example, be steel plates.

[0027] The wall component can optionally include a removable cover layer on the outside of the first and / or second shell element. This cover layer protects the outside of the first and / or second shell element from contamination during the construction process. This allows, for example, the wall component to be installed in a floor and additionally encased in a self-curing slurry. In this case, contamination and any cured slurry on the outside of the first and / or second shell element can be quickly and easily removed by peeling off the cover layer. This is particularly advantageous when the outside of the first and / or second shell element forms a visible wall surface in the building being constructed.

[0028] The covering layer can extend from the opening of the first and / or second shell element in a direction opposite to that of the third shell element, particularly in a direction opposite to the base section of the third shell element. It is also conceivable that the covering layer extends exclusively in a direction opposite to that of the third shell element. Furthermore, the covering layer can completely cover a section of the first and / or second shell element starting from the opening. Consequently, those sections that remain visible after the wall component is connected to a base slab can be particularly well protected from contamination.

[0029] The covering layer can consist of a film, a board, and / or a coating. This allows for the relatively simple and reliable creation of covering layers.

[0030] Furthermore, the problem is solved by a wall assembly comprising at least two wall components according to the invention. The spaces between the at least two wall components can be at least partially filled with concrete. The wall assembly can, in particular, be a section of an enclosure wall. The at least two wall components can also be mechanically connected via the concrete. Consequently, the wall assembly can form a monolithic enclosure component. The spaces between two adjacent wall components can be abutting each other, allowing concrete to flow from the space of one wall component into the space of the other, and vice versa. Additionally, the openings between two adjacent wall components can be vertically aligned with each other.

[0031] The wall assembly can further include a sealing element, wherein the sealing element can extend across a boundary between the two wall elements into the space between two adjacent wall components. This additionally seals the connection between two adjacent wall components.

[0032] Furthermore, the task is solved by a method for constructing a wall and / or a retaining wall. The method includes: Creating a slot in a building ground, arranging at least one wall component according to the invention in the slot, wherein the third shell element is positioned adjacent to a slot bottom edge, and filling the space between the at least one wall component with a concrete material.

[0033] When positioning at least one wall component in the slot, the base section of the third shell element can be positioned adjacent to the bottom edge of the slot. Furthermore, this method allows the construction of a wall and / or a retaining wall for a slope to be separated from the subsequent excavation of the building pit. This improves and simplifies the entire construction process. Additionally, this method makes it possible to install the wall component, at least partially, below the future base of the building pit. The integration of the component below the base of the building pit is determined from a structural and design perspective by the earth and water pressures acting on the wall to be erected, as well as the requirements of the adjacent buildings.

[0034] The additional effects and advantages resulting from this can be found in the paragraphs above.

[0035] The process can also include the introduction of a suspension, in particular a cement-bentonite suspension, into the trench. This temporarily supports the soil adjacent to the trench and prevents groundwater and soil material from entering the trench.

[0036] Furthermore, creating the trench in the ground and introducing a slurry into the trench can be done simultaneously. The trench can be created, for example, with a trenching machine. A trailing plate can be positioned behind the trenching machine, allowing the slurry to be introduced on the opposite side of the plate. This parallel sequence of steps saves time and money.

[0037] Furthermore, the method can include fixing and / or aligning at least one wall component using a suspension system. This makes it possible to easily move the wall component into a desired position and hold it there.

[0038] Furthermore, the process can include at least the partial removal of a closure element of the wall component. This allows the opening and / or the sections of the cavity between the first and second plate-shaped shell elements, which were closed by the closure element, to be exposed. Accordingly, the wall component can then be connected to other building elements, such as another wall component or a floor slab, via the opening and the reopened sections of the cavity.

[0039] Furthermore, the process can include connecting the wall component to another structural element. For this purpose, the gap between the wall component and the wall component can be filled with concrete, for example. The concrete can then exit through the opening and also through the gap, which is at least partially open on the sides. In this way, the concrete exiting the gap can enter another structural element or encase and, if necessary, shape the reinforcement of a structural element to be constructed. Examples of other structural elements include additional wall components, foundation or floor slabs, and ceiling slabs.

[0040] Preferably, the space between the wall element and the foundation slab is concreted wet-on-wet while the foundation slab is still not fully cured. This creates a watertight bond between the wall element and the foundation slab.

[0041] Furthermore, the process can include inserting reinforcement, particularly fixed-end reinforcement, into the cavity of the wall component at the end of the wall component opposite the third shell element. It is conceivable that a sealing element is also inserted, at least partially, into the cavity along with the reinforcement. This insertion can take place while the concrete in the filled cavity has not yet hardened. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the insertion occurs before concrete is poured into the cavity. This provides a connection to the wall component, enabling a watertight connection to other structural elements. Consequently, for example, a slab to be subsequently cast can be connected to the wall component via the reinforcement and the optionally provided sealing element.

[0042] Furthermore, the process can include removing the soil on one side of the wall component. Consequently, an excavation pit can be dug on at least one side of the wall component. It is also conceivable that the soil is removed on both sides of the wall component.

[0043] When arranging at least two wall components side by side, a gap can form at the transition between them. The process can further involve installing formwork at this transition. This seals the gap between the two adjacent wall components and prevents contaminants from entering the space between them. Additionally, filling the gaps between the wall components prevents concrete from escaping.

[0044] Furthermore, the process can include the creation of an enclosure wall using at least two components.

[0045] Furthermore, the process can include removing a protective layer from at least one wall component. This exposes at least one section of the wall component that is not contaminated due to the protective layer.

[0046] Furthermore, the method can include the insertion of stiffening and / or anchoring. This is particularly advantageous when a cantilevered shoring of the wall component is not possible. This may be the case, in particular, due to serviceability requirements. It is also particularly advantageous when the embedment of the third shell element in the ground needs to be reduced.

[0047] The invention is explained below with reference to various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. These show: Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a wall component according to the invention, with which a method according to the invention for erecting a wall and / or a retaining wall is carried out; Figure 2 shows a sectional view of the wall component made of Figure 1 along level II-II of Figure 1 Figure 3 shows a sectional view of the wall component made of Figure 1 along level III-III of Figure 1 Figure 4 shows a sectional view of the wall component made of Figure 1 along level IV-IV of Figure 1 Figure 5 shows a sectional view of the wall component made of Figure 1 along level VV of Figure 1 Figure 6, the wall component made of Figure 1 arranged in a slot in the subsoil and a suspension structure, Figure 7 a sectional view along plane VII-VII of Figure 6 Figure 8 shows several wall components arranged in a slot in the building ground; Figure 9 shows a sectional view of detail A along plane IX-IX. Figure 8Figure 10 shows several wall components arranged below a floor surface; Figure 11 shows a sectional view of detail B along plane XI-XI. Figure 10 , and Figure 12 shows the wall component with a foundation slab in a sectional view.

[0048] The Figure 1 and 2 Figure 10 shows a wall component for constructing a wall and / or a retaining wall for a slope. The wall component 10 can be a semi-finished product.

[0049] The wall component 10 comprises a first plate-shaped shell element 12, a second plate-shaped shell element 14 and a third sectionally concave shell element 16.

[0050] The first plate-shaped shell element 12 and the second plate-shaped shell element 14 are spaced apart from each other, with a gap 18 formed between the shell elements 12 and 14, more precisely between their facing sides. The gap 18 is designed to hold concrete material, which will be explained in more detail later.

[0051] As in Figure 2 As shown, the first plate-shaped shell element 12 has a first length L1, and the second plate-shaped shell element 14 has a second length L2. The magnitude of the second length L2 is greater than the magnitude of the first length L1. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the magnitude of the first length L1 is greater than the magnitude of the second length L2. Furthermore, it is also conceivable that the magnitudes of lengths L1 and L2 are equal.

[0052] Furthermore, the first plate-shaped shell element 12 has a first width B1 and the second plate-shaped shell element 14 has a second width B2 (see Figure 1 The magnitude of the first width B1 equals the magnitude of the second width B2. Alternatively, it is also possible that the magnitude of the first width B1 is not equal to the magnitude of the second width B2.

[0053] Furthermore, the wall component 10 includes a reinforcement element 20 which is mechanically connected to both the first shell element 12 and the second shell element 14, so that the shell elements 12 and 14 are coupled to each other via the reinforcement element 20. It is conceivable that the shell elements 12 and 14 are shear-stiffened via the reinforcement element 20.

[0054] Furthermore, the first shell element 12 has an elongated passage opening 22 that leads into the space 18. The passage opening 22 serves to connect the wall component 10 to another building element. The passage opening 22 extends across the entire width of the first shell element 12. Consequently, the width B3 of the passage opening 22 corresponds to the first width B1 of the first shell element 12. This divides the first shell element 12 into two partial shell elements 24 and 26 by the passage opening 22. The vertical position of the passage opening 22 is at the level of a planned foundation slab or base plate. This will be discussed in more detail later.

[0055] Alternatively or additionally, it is also conceivable that an elongated passage opening is provided in the second shell element 14, whereby the above explanations are also applicable analogously to a passage opening in the second shell element 14 in this case.

[0056] The third shell element 16 connects the first shell element 12 and the second shell element 14 at their ends. In the figures, the third shell element 16 connects the first shell element 12 and the second shell element 14 at a lower end. This also corresponds to the installation position of the wall component 10. The third shell element 16 has a base section 28, which is plate-shaped in the illustrated embodiment. The base section 28 of the third shell element 16 and the passage opening 22 extend essentially parallel to each other.

[0057] Furthermore, the third shell element 16 has two side sections 30 projecting at an angle from the base section 28. These two side sections 30 project from opposite ends 32, 34 of the base section 28 towards the same side of the base section 28. Consequently, the third shell element has a U-shape. In the illustrated embodiment, the side sections 30 are also essentially plate-shaped. In addition, they project upwards from the base section 28 in the figures. This also corresponds to the installation position of the wall component 10.

[0058] In this arrangement, a section of the space 18 is bounded on one side by the first shell element 12 and on the opposite side by the second shell element 14. Furthermore, the space 18 is bounded on three other sides by the third shell element 16, i.e., on one side by the base section 28 and on two other sides by the side sections 30 (see in particular Figure 1 , 2 , 5 ).

[0059] This creates a pocket section 36, which defines a first partial space 38. This first partial space 38 is accordingly bounded by the first, second and third shell elements 12, 14, 16 (see in particular Figure 1 , 2 , 5 ). Pocket section 36 can therefore also be described as bowl-shaped or cup-shaped.

[0060] Adjoining the first partial space 38 is a second partial space 40, which is bounded only by the first shell element 12 and the second shell element 14. The second partial space 40 faces the first partial space 38 on one side and is open laterally on three sides (see in particular Figure 3 ).

[0061] Together, the first partial space 38 and the second partial space 40 form the space 18.

[0062] Furthermore, the two angled side sections 30 of the third shell element 16 each have a length L3 that is shorter than the length L1 of the first shell element 12 and also shorter than the length L2 of the second shell element 14. It is conceivable that the magnitude of length L3 is equal to the magnitude of length L1 and / or length L2. It is also conceivable that the magnitude of length L3 is shorter than the magnitude of length L1 and / or length L2. In particular, the magnitude of length L3 can be less than 50% of the magnitude of length L1 and / or length L2. In the example shown, length L3 is approximately 30% of the shorter of the lengths L1 and L2.

[0063] Furthermore, the wall element 10 includes a first closure element 42, which serves to selectively close the passage opening 22. The first closure element 42 rests on the first shell element 12.

[0064] Additionally or alternatively, as mentioned previously, it would also be conceivable that the second shell element 14 has a through-opening. In this case, an additional or alternative closing element could also be provided, which serves to selectively close the through-opening of the second shell element 14.

[0065] Furthermore, the wall element 10 has a second locking element 44 for selectively closing the gap 18 in a section adjacent to the third shell element 16. The second locking element 44 is detachably connected to the first shell element 12 and the second shell element 14 and rests on their lateral sections. In particular, the second locking element 44 serves for selectively closing the partial gap 40 in sections.

[0066] Furthermore, the wall element 10 has a third locking element 46 for selectively closing the gap in a section adjacent to the third shell element 16. The third locking element 46 is detachably connected to the first shell element 12 and the second shell element 14 and also rests on their lateral sections. The third locking element 46 and the second locking element 44 are arranged on opposite sides of the first, second, and third shell elements 12, 14, 16.

[0067] The third locking element 46 is accordingly arranged on the side of one side section 30 of the third shell element 16. Thus, in the assembled state, the third locking element 46, similar to the side section 30, limits the gap 18 to one side. In particular, the third locking element 46 limits the partial gap 40 to one side.

[0068] These statements apply analogously to the second locking element 44. The second locking element 44 is arranged on the side of the other side section 30 of the third shell element 16. Thus, in the assembled state, the second locking element 44, similar to the side sections 30, limits the gap 18 to one side.

[0069] The first locking element 42 is integrally formed with the second locking element 44 and the third locking element 46. This means that the first locking element 42, the second locking element 44 and the third locking element 46 are formed by a common locking component.

[0070] Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the first locking element 42 is formed integrally with the second locking element 44 or the third locking element 46, or that all locking elements 42, 44, 46 are formed separately from each other.

[0071] Furthermore, each of the locking elements 42, 44, 46 can comprise a steel plate. Alternatively, the locking elements 42, 44, 46 can also comprise a common steel plate.

[0072] The locking elements 42, 44, 46 can each or together be attached to the wall component 10 in a form-fitting and / or friction-fitting manner.

[0073] The closure elements 42, 44, 46 rest on the respective adjacent shell elements 12, 14, 16 in a sealing, in particular hydraulically tight, manner. A seal 48 can be provided between each of the closure elements 42, 44, 46 and the respective adjacent shell elements 12, 14, 16 for this purpose. The seal 48 can comprise a foam rubber seal.

[0074] Furthermore, the wall component 10 includes a cover layer 50 detachably attached to the outside of the first shell element 12. The cover layer 50 extends from the opening 22 of the first shell element 12 in the opposite direction to the third shell element 16 and completely covers the section of the first shell element 12 above the opening 22. Consequently, the cover layer 50 covers the entire outside of the partial shell element 26. The cover layer 50 comprises a film, a panel, and / or a coating.

[0075] Additionally or alternatively, it is also conceivable that a detachably attached cover layer is attached to the outside of the second shell element 14 in accordance with the above descriptions.

[0076] The wall component 10 can be used to create a wall and / or a retaining wall for a terrain step.

[0077] The procedure for constructing a wall and / or a retaining wall is described below with reference to the Figures 6 to 12 explained.

[0078] This is in Figure 6 An initial stage is shown. Here, a wall element 10 with mounted closure elements 42, 44, 46 is arranged within a slot 56 provided in a building ground 52 with a ground surface 54. The slot 56 has a slot bottom edge 58. A suspension structure 60, a milling cutter 62, and a trailing plate 64 are also shown; their function will be discussed in more detail later. Furthermore, the slot 56 is filled with a suspension 66.

[0079] In a first step S1, the slot 56 is created in the subsoil 52. This is done using the milling machine 62, which can be, for example, a trenching machine.

[0080] The suspension 66, in particular a cement-bentonite suspension or a cement suspension, is then introduced into the slot 56. This can be done simultaneously with the creation of the slot 56 using the milling cutter 62. For this purpose, the trailing plate 64 is provided, which separates the milling cutter 62 from the suspension 66.

[0081] The suspension 66 serves to temporarily or permanently stabilize the walls of the slot 56. Furthermore, the suspension 66 can serve to permanently connect the wall component 10 to the subsoil 52.

[0082] In a second step S2, the wall component 10 is positioned in the slot 56, with the third shell element 16 being positioned adjacent to the lower edge of the slot 58. In other words, the outside of the base section 28 faces the lower edge of the slot 58.

[0083] The first shell element 12 and the second shell element 14 terminate at the ground surface 54. It is possible that one of the shell elements 14, 16 is flush with the subsoil 52. Alternatively, it is also possible that both shell elements 14, 16 protrude from the slot 56 above the ground surface 54.

[0084] Furthermore, it is also conceivable that both shell elements 14, 16 are located below the ground surface 54.

[0085] The wall component 10, arranged within the slot 56, can be attached to the suspension structure 60 and aligned using this structure (see Figure 6 and 7 ).

[0086] The closure elements 42, 44, 46 prevent the suspension 66 from penetrating the space 18.

[0087] The above steps can be carried out for several wall components (10). A corresponding arrangement is shown in Figure 8As shown, three wall components 10 are arranged within the slot 56. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide fewer or more wall components 10.

[0088] The wall components 10 each have a gap 68 in the transition area to the adjacent wall component 10 (see Figures 8 and 9 A seal 71 can be provided within the gap, extending between adjacent closure elements 44, 46 of two wall components 10. The seal 71 can comprise a foam rubber seal.

[0089] Once the suspension 66 has hardened, the suspension structure 60 can be removed in a further step. Furthermore, at least on the side of the wall components 10 where the passage openings 22 are provided, at least partial excavation of the subsoil 52 can be carried out, so that the passage openings 22 of the wall components 10 are exposed. This creates an excavation pit with an excavation base 69 (see in particular ). Figures 10 and 12 The vertical position of the passage opening 22 determines the position of the planned foundation slab and thus also defines the depth of the excavation base 69.

[0090] In the next step, the closure elements 42, 44, 46 and the cover layers 50 of the wall components 10 are each removed. Figure 10 shows a corresponding state of three wall components 10 without closure elements 42, 44, 46 and without cover layers 50.

[0091] The previously described gap 68 between adjacent wall components 10 can be closed in a further step by installing formwork 70, at least towards the excavation. In addition, a sealing element 72 can be provided between two adjacent wall components 10, extending into the space 18 between the adjacent wall components 10 (see in particular...). Figures 10 and 11), i.e. in the gap 68. Alternatively, reinforcement can be arranged instead of the sealing element 72.

[0092] Furthermore, reinforcement 74 or fixed-end reinforcement can be installed in at least one through-opening 22 of the wall components 10. Additionally, a reinforcement element 76 can be installed at the upper end of at least one wall component 10 (see in particular Figure 12 The reinforcement element 76 can be placed in fresh concrete in particular.

[0093] In a third step, at least one cavity 18 of the wall component 10 is filled with a concrete material 80. In this process, at least one wall component 10 is connected to another building element. This results in the connection of the reinforcement element 20 of the wall component 10 to a reinforcement element of another building element, i.e., another wall component 10.

[0094] If the cavity 18 of a wall component 10 is filled with concrete material 80, the pocket section 36, formed by the first, second, and third shell elements 12, 14, 16, is filled first. When the liquid concrete material 80 reaches the passage opening 22 or the ends of the side sections 30, the concrete material begins to flow laterally out of the cavity 18 and out of the passage opening 22 at the front.

[0095] Because the concrete material 80 runs laterally out of the gap 18, concrete material 80 automatically enters the gap 68 and the spaces 18 of adjacent wall components 10. Consequently, another building element can be another wall component 10.

[0096] Thus, all the spaces 18 between the correspondingly aligned wall components 10 are filled with liquid concrete material 80 and thus mechanically connected to each other as soon as the concrete material 80 has hardened.

[0097] This will result in Figure 10 A wall assembly 82 is formed from the three wall components 10 shown. Alternatively, a wall assembly 82 with more than three wall components 10 or a wall assembly 82 with only two wall components 10 is also conceivable. The spaces 18 between the adjacent wall components 10 face each other. Furthermore, the passage openings 22 of the wall components 10 are aligned in the same direction, so that they run along a horizontal line. The spaces 18 between the three wall components 10 are, as described above, filled with the concrete material 80 and mechanically connected to each other via the concrete material 80.

[0098] It is possible to arrange the wall components 10 such that they form a rectangular wall assembly 82 (not shown in the figures). In this way, the wall assembly 82 can form an enclosing wall, which is designed as a monolithic enclosing component.

[0099] Because concrete material 80 flows out of the front of the passage opening 22, the space 18 can be filled wet-on-wet with a foundation slab 84. This is in Figure 12 As shown. Accordingly, not only are the spaces 18 between the wall elements 10 mechanically connected to each other, but each wall element 10 is also mechanically connected to the foundation slab 84 via its opening 22. Thus, the wall components 10 together with the foundation slab 84 form a watertight connection. An element, which may be a joint plate and / or a wedge, can be provided between the foundation slab 84 and the wall element 10 towards the opening 22.

[0100] In a further step, a concrete slab can be poured (not shown in the figures). This slab can form a watertight connection with the wall elements 10 via the reinforcement elements 76 and, if necessary, an additional sealing element, while the concrete material 80 is still uncured. Alternatively, the slab can also be poured when the concrete material 80 has already cured; only a sealing element, if necessary, needs to be inserted into the uncured concrete. Reference symbol list

[0101] 10 Wall component 12 First plate-shaped shell element 14 Second plate-shaped shell element 16 Third plate-shaped shell element 18 Gap 20 Reinforcement element 22 Passage opening 24 Partial shell element 26 Partial shell element 28 Base section 30 Side section 32 End 34 End 36 Pocket section 38 First partial gap 40 Second partial gap 42 First closure element 44 Second closure element 46 Third closure element 48 Seal 50 Cover layer 52 Subsoil 54 Ground surface 56 Slot 58 Slot bottom edge 60 Suspension structure 62 Milling cutter 64 Trailing plate 66 Suspension 68 Gap 69 Excavation base 70 Formwork 71 Seal 72 Sealing element 74 Reinforcement 76 Reinforcement 80 Concrete material 82 Wall assembly 84 Foundation slab L1 first length L2 second length L3 length B1 first width B2 second width B3 width S1 first step S2 second step S3 third step

Claims

1. Wall component (10) for constructing a wall and / or a retaining wall, comprising a first plate-shaped shell element (12) and a second plate-shaped shell element (14) arranged opposite the first shell element (12), wherein the first shell element (12) and the second shell element (14) are connected by at least one reinforcement element (20) and wherein the first shell element (12) and the second shell element (14) are spaced apart from each other, such that a space (18) for concrete material is formed between the first shell element (12) and the second shell element (14), further comprising a third, at least partially concave shell element (16), which connects the first shell element (12) and the second shell element (14) at their respective ends, such that a section of the space (18) is formed on five sides by means of the first shell element (12), the second shell element (14) and the third shell element (16). is limited.

2. Wall component (10) according to claim 1, wherein the third shell element (16) has a base section (28) and at least one side section (30) projecting at an angle from the base section (28), wherein a length of the side section (30) corresponds to an associated length of the first shell element (12) and / or the second shell element (14) or wherein the length of the side section (30) is less than the associated length of the first shell element (12) and the second shell element (14).

3. Wall component (10) according to claim 2, wherein the third shell element (16) comprises two side sections (30) which project at opposite ends (32, 34) of the base section (28) at the same side of the base section (28).

4. Wall component (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the first and / or in the second shell element (12, 14) an elongated passage opening (22) is provided for connecting the wall component to a further component, which opens into the space (18).

5. Wall component (10) according to claim 4, wherein the passage opening (22) extends substantially parallel to the third shell element (16) or extends inclined relative to the third shell element (16).

6. Wall component (10) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the passage opening (22) extends over an entire width of the first shell element (12) and / or the second shell element (14).

7. Wall component (10) according to one of claims 4 to 6, further comprising a first closing element (42) for selectively closing the passage opening (22).

8. Wall component (10) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a second closure element (44) for selectively closing the gap (18) in a section adjacent to the third shell element (16), wherein the second closure element (44) is detachably connected to the first shell element (12) and the second shell element (14).

9. Wall component (10) according to claim 8, further comprising a third closure element (46) for selectively closing the gap (18) in a section adjacent to the third shell element (16), wherein the third closure element (46) is detachably connected to the first shell element (12) and the second shell element (14) and wherein the third closure element (46) and the second closure element (44) are arranged on opposite sides of the third shell element (16).

10. Wall component (10) according to claim 7 and one of claims 8 and 9, wherein the first closure element (42) is integrally formed with the second closure element (44) and / or the third closure element (46).

11. Method for constructing a wall and / or a retaining wall, comprising: - creating a slot (56) in a subsoil (52) (S1), - arranging at least one wall component (10) according to one of claims 1 to 10 in the slot (56), wherein the third shell element (16) is positioned adjacent to a slot bottom edge (58) (S2), and - filling the space (18) of the at least one wall component with a concrete material (80) (S3).

12. Method according to claim 11, further comprising at least partial removal of a closure element (42, 44, 46) of the wall component (10).

13. Method according to claim 12, further comprising connecting the wall component (10) to a further component.

14. Method according to claim 13, wherein connecting the wall component (10) to the further component comprises connecting the reinforcement element (20) of the wall component (10) to a reinforcement element of the further component.

15. Method according to one of claims 11 to 14, further comprising removing the subsoil (52) on one side of the wall component (10).

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