Concrete anchor with protective cap

Abstract

The present application relates to an anchoring device (100) for attaching a superstructure element (102) to a base element (101) made of concrete. The anchoring device (100) comprises an anchor rod (103) with a base element section (104) that can be attached in a bore (116) of the base element (101), and a superstructure attachment section (105) that can be attached to the superstructure element (102). Furthermore, the anchoring device (100) comprises a protective cap (106) that can be attached to the superstructure attachment section (105) of the anchor rod (103). The protective cap (106) has a bearing section (107) extending spaced around the anchor rod (103), which has a bearing edge (108) for bearing on a surface of the base element (101) on which the superstructure element (102) can be arranged.The support section (107) is designed such that a cavity (109) around the anchor rod (103) can be formed between the protective cap (106) and the surface of the base element (101).

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to an anchoring device and a method for attaching a structural element to a concrete base element. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a composite arrangement of a structure and a protective cap for sealing a bore in a concrete base element. Background of the invention

[0002] In construction, it is often necessary to securely anchor various structural elements, such as load-bearing structures like bridge parapets, to concrete foundations or other concrete base elements. However, conventional anchoring systems do not always offer sufficient protection against external influences such as moisture or mechanical stress, which can impair the service life of the anchor and the stability of the structure.

[0003] An anchor system consists, for example, of injection mortar and an anchor rod with a nut and is used, for example, to extend existing concrete structures by adding an additional layer of concrete or to fasten so-called bridge caps or edge beams to the superstructure of bridges.

[0004] This process requires piercing the sealing layer, which is intended to protect the concrete structure, e.g., the bridge deck, from moisture and thus corrosion from above. At this point, the seal is restored using injection mortar and a flat protective cap.

[0005] In a concrete structure with a waterproofing membrane (sealing layer), the concrete of the structure and the concrete of the topping layer are not interlocked. All forces, especially shear forces, must be transferred via the anchor rods. Because the anchor rods are rigidly fixed at both ends, temperature differences and shrinkage of the concrete create large shear stresses in the anchor rods, which in turn can lead to cracks in the concrete. Description of the invention

[0006] It is an object of the present invention to provide a robust and protected connection between a superstructure element and a base element made of concrete.

[0007] This problem is solved by an anchoring device and a method for fastening a superstructure element to a base element made of concrete, a composite arrangement of a structure and a protective cap for sealing a bore of a base element made of concrete according to the independent and dependent claims.

[0008] According to a first aspect of the invention, an anchoring device for attaching a superstructure element to a concrete base element is described. The anchoring device comprises an anchor rod with a base element section that can be attached in a bore of the base element, and a superstructure attachment section that can be attached to the superstructure element. Furthermore, the anchoring device has a protective cap that can be attached to the superstructure attachment section of the anchor rod. The protective cap has a bearing section extending spaced around the anchor rod, which has a bearing edge for resting on a surface of the base element on which the superstructure element can be arranged. The bearing section is designed such that a cavity can be formed around the anchor rod between the protective cap and the surface of the base element.

[0009] According to another aspect of the invention, a composite arrangement of a structure is described, comprising a base element made of concrete, a superstructure element which is arranged on the base element and an anchoring device as described above.

[0010] According to a further aspect of the invention, the protective cap described above is used to seal a bore in a concrete base element in which a base element section of an anchor rod can be fastened. The protective cap can be fastened to a superstructure fastening section of the anchor rod, the superstructure fastening section being fastened in a superstructure element, in particular cast into it. The protective cap has a support section extending spaced around the anchor rod, which has a bearing edge for resting on a surface of the base element on which the superstructure element can be arranged. The support section is designed such that a cavity can be formed around the anchor rod between the protective cap and the surface of the base element.

[0011] According to a further aspect of the invention, a method for attaching a superstructure element to a concrete base element of a structure using an anchoring device described above is presented. According to the method, a concrete base element is provided. The base element section of the anchor rod is fastened in a bore in the base element. Furthermore, the protective cap is attached to the superstructure attachment section of the anchor rod. The bearing edge of the bearing section of the protective cap is placed on the surface of the base element, on which the superstructure element can be positioned. The superstructure element is then positioned on the surface of the base element. The superstructure attachment section of the anchor rod is fastened in the superstructure element, so that the superstructure element is fastened to the base element by means of the anchor rod.

[0012] The base element made of concrete is a pre-existing and hardened component of a structure, consisting of concrete (especially reinforced concrete or other composite concrete). The structure can be, for example, a building, a bridge, a tunnel, or any other structure with concrete elements such as walls, columns, pillars, or vaults. A sealing layer may be applied to the surface of the base element, to which the superstructure is attached.

[0013] The superstructure element serves as a structure built upon the existing concrete base element. Examples of superstructure elements include bridge parapet elements and crash barriers. The superstructure element can also be made of concrete (e.g., pure concrete or composite concrete), but also of another load-bearing material (especially composite materials) used in the structure. The superstructure element can be prefabricated and placed on a surface of the base element, then secured with an anchor rod. For example, the anchor rod can protrude into a bore in the superstructure element and be fixed using a fastener (e.g., mortar, injection mortar). Alternatively, the superstructure element can be made of a hardening, curable material, such as concrete. In this case, the superstructure element is cast in place, with the concrete being poured onto the base element.Accordingly, the anchor rod can first be attached to the base element so that the attachment section of the anchor rod protrudes from the base element. The liquid or viscous attachment element can then be poured around the attachment section and onto the surface of the base element.

[0014] The anchor rod is made of a high-strength material, such as metal (steel, tool steel) or a high-strength composite material. For example, the anchor rod can be made of stainless steel A4-70 or HCR-70, A4-80, or highly corrosion-resistant steel (strength class 70 or 80). The anchor rod can have various circumferential shapes, such as a round or rectangular cross-section. The anchor rod can have the same cross-sectional shape or different cross-sectional shapes along its entire length, i.e., the base element section and the superstructure attachment section. For example, the anchor rod can have a rectangular cross-section in the base element section and a round cross-section in the superstructure attachment section, allowing for the provision of an external thread to which a fastener, such as a nut, can be attached.The base element section is designed for placement within the bore of the base element and can be fixed there using a fastener such as mortar. Fixing the anchor rod in both the base element and the superstructure creates a rigid connection between the two elements. In particular, the anchor rod prevents lateral displacement of the superstructure relative to the base element. Lateral loading of the superstructure along the base element can result in high shear forces, which are absorbed by the anchor rod. Under such conditions, the anchor rod may deform or bend slightly.

[0015] The protective cap is attached to the anchor rod. Specifically, the protective cap can be flexibly adjusted along the anchor rod to assume a specific position. The protective cap can be attached to the mounting section of the anchor rod that protrudes from the base element. The protective cap features a support section that forms a bearing edge spaced from the anchor rod. This bearing edge rests on the surface of the base element, upon which the mounting element is subsequently installed. The bearing edge is designed to lie flat against the surface of the base element. Specifically, the bearing edge is designed to provide a seal against the inner cavity.The seal is designed in such a way that, in particular, a viscous medium, such as liquid concrete of the superstructure element, does not penetrate into the cavity between the surface of the base element and the bearing edge of the protective cap.

[0016] The bearing section thus forms an umbrella-like shape, creating an inner, conical or stepped-cone cavity around the anchor rod. This cavity can be filled with a gas or air, for example. Furthermore, the cavity can contain a fixing material (mortar, especially injection mortar) that is completely or partially filled with mortar from the borehole of the base element into which the anchor rod's base element section is inserted. The conical cavity beneath the bearing section is filled with excess mortar from the borehole, for example, when the anchor rod's mounting section is installed, thus ensuring a large-area seal between the anchor rod and the sealing surface on the base element around the borehole.

[0017] The superstructure element is thus located around the protective cap. A section of the anchor rod that runs through the cavity is therefore not rigidly connected to the superstructure element. This allows for deformation or bending of the section of the anchor rod running through the cavity when the superstructure element moves relative to the base element (due to transverse forces, for example, caused by a sudden impact such as a vehicle collision, or by creep or shrinkage of the concrete, or by temperature differences between the superstructure and base element). This reduces the risk of cracking around the surface of the bore in the base element or the superstructure element, resulting in a more robust and durable anchorage of the superstructure element to the base element.

[0018] In other words, the constraint forces that, in conventional rigid fixings of the anchor rod directly into the base element and the superstructure element, are reduced in the transverse direction, i.e. along the surface of the base element on which the superstructure element is arranged, by the shear cap eliminating the rigid fixing in the cavity and thus allowing slight displacements of the superstructure element due to the deformation of the anchor rod.

[0019] According to another exemplary embodiment, the protective cap is made of a deformable material. The deformable material is, for example, plastically deformable or elastically deformable. The protective cap can be made of, for example, plastic or metal.

[0020] According to another exemplary embodiment, the support section is designed such that the cavity has a round cross-sectional shape.

[0021] The following designating cross-sectional shapes define the cross-sections or circumferential profiles of the designating sections and elements, wherein the cross-section lies within a cross-sectional plane whose normal is defined parallel to the longitudinal axis of the anchor rod.

[0022] With a round cross-sectional shape of the cavity, the rigid connection to the superstructure can be fully and uniformly released, allowing deformation of the anchor rod within the cavity along two directional components on the bearing surface where the superstructure rests on the base element. This reduces the risk of cracking in the superstructure due to the rigid connection to the anchor. Furthermore, the round cavity uniformly covers the round bore of the base element.

[0023] According to another exemplary embodiment, the support section is designed such that the cavity has an oval or rectangular cross-sectional shape. In the case of the oval or rectangular cross-sectional shape, this has, in particular, a longer main axis and a shorter secondary axis, which is orthogonal to the longer main axis. In the case of the rectangle, the longitudinal sides are longer than the orthogonal transverse sides. Specifically, the cavity has a larger volume around the anchor rod along the longitudinal axis than in the region of the shorter secondary axis or transverse side. Thus, the flexibility of deformation of the anchor rod is greater along the main axis or longitudinal sides than along the secondary axis or transverse side.Thus, depending on predetermined load cases, for example, a typical shear force occurring due to a likely impact direction of an object on the support element, the protective cap can be aligned accordingly to provide less flexibility along a first predetermined shear force direction (e.g., due to an impact) and greater flexibility along a second predetermined shear force direction (e.g., due to creep or shrinkage of the concrete or due to temperature differences between the superstructure and the base element), thereby reducing cracking due to the corresponding load.In the case that the structure is a bridge, the orientation of the oval or rectangular protective cap in the direction of impact (in the event of an accident, perpendicular to the direction of travel) results in low flexibility and in the case of a transverse force direction along the direction of travel a higher flexibility, so that cracking due to constraint forces (e.g. temperature fluctuations) is reduced.

[0024] According to another exemplary embodiment, the support section is designed such that an outer circumference of the support section has a round cross-sectional shape. With a round cross-sectional shape of the outer circumference, the rigid coupling with the superstructure element can be fully and uniformly released, so that deformation of the anchor rod in the area of ​​the cavity is possible via two directional components along the support plane on which the superstructure element rests on the base element.

[0025] In one exemplary embodiment, a combination can be provided whereby the outer circumference of the support section has a round cross-sectional shape and the cavity has an oval or rectangular cross-sectional shape. The round outer circumference of the support section completely and fully shields the bore in the base element. Simultaneously, the oval or rectangular cross-section of the cavity allows for targeted control of the absorption of the shear force direction.

[0026] According to another exemplary embodiment, the support section is designed such that an outer circumference of the support section has an oval or rectangular cross-sectional shape. Along the longer main axis or longitudinal side, the support section exhibits a correspondingly higher stiffness than along the shorter secondary axis or transverse side.

[0027] Thus, depending on predetermined load cases, for example in the case of a typical shear force that occurs due to a likely impact direction of an object on the support element, the protective cap can be aligned accordingly to reduce the flexibility along the expected shear force direction resulting from an impact, and in the case of constraint forces that arise as a result of creep or shrinkage of the concrete or from temperature differences between the superstructure and the base element, the flexibility can be increased, thereby reducing the risk of cracking.

[0028] In one exemplary embodiment, a combination can be provided whereby the outer circumference of the support section has an oval or rectangular cross-sectional shape, and the cavity has a round cross-sectional shape. The round cavity completely and fully shields the bore in the base element. Simultaneously, the oval or rectangular cross-section of the outer circumference allows for targeted control of the shear force direction.

[0029] According to another exemplary embodiment, the protective cap has a fastening section which adjoins the support section opposite the bearing edge and extends along the anchor rod to a free end of the fastening section. The fastening section has a (cylindrical) fastening bore through which the anchor rod is guided for fastening. The fastening section serves in particular to fasten the protective cap to the anchor rod, for example by means of a screw connection (e.g., internal thread in the fastening bore and external thread on the anchor rod) or by means of a material bond (adhesive bond). In other words, the protective cap is in contact with the anchor rod via the fastening section, while the support section extends around the anchor rod at a distance to form the cavity.

[0030] According to another exemplary embodiment, the fastening section is made of solid material. This results in a robust design of the protective cap.

[0031] According to another exemplary embodiment, the fastening section has fastening areas for attachment to the anchor rod, wherein the fastening areas are spaced apart by at least one further cavity. The fastening areas consist, for example, of rib-like projections or struts that extend along the longitudinal direction of the anchor rod from the inner surface of the fastening bore. The further cavity is provided between the fastening areas due to their mutual spacing. Thus, on the one hand, fastening to the anchor rod is provided via the fastening areas, and on the other hand, flexibility is provided between the anchor rod and the superstructure element due to the further cavity.As shown in more detail below, two fastening areas (ridge-like protrusions) can be formed opposite each other and create an internal thread, thus enabling a two- or multi-sided thread for coupling with an external thread of the anchor rod. This allows the protective cap to be positioned longitudinally along the anchor rod using screws.

[0032] According to another exemplary embodiment, the fastening section is designed such that its outer circumference has a round cross-sectional shape. Accordingly, the flexibility of the fastening section can be made constant around the entire anchor rod.

[0033] According to another exemplary embodiment, the fastening section is designed such that an outer circumference of the fastening section has an oval or rectangular cross-sectional shape. Along the longer main axis or longitudinal side, the fastening section exhibits correspondingly higher stiffness than along the shorter secondary axis or transverse side. Thus, depending on predetermined load cases, for example, a typical shear force occurring due to a likely impact direction of an object on the support element, the protective cap can be oriented accordingly to increase flexibility along the expected shear force direction and thus reduce the likelihood of cracking due to an impact.Thus, depending on predetermined load cases, for example, a typical shear force occurring due to a likely impact direction of an object on the support element, the protective cap can be aligned accordingly to provide less flexibility along a first predetermined shear force direction (e.g., due to an impact) and greater flexibility along a second predetermined shear force direction (e.g., due to creep or shrinkage of the concrete or due to temperature differences between the superstructure and the base element), thereby reducing cracking due to the corresponding load.

[0034] According to another exemplary embodiment, the fastening section forms a truncated cone shape, in which the fastening section tapers from the support section along the anchor rod to a free end of the fastening section.

[0035] Additionally or alternatively, in an exemplary embodiment, the support section can form a further truncated cone shape, in which the support section tapers from the support edge along the anchor rod to the fastening section.

[0036] According to another exemplary embodiment, the outer circumference of the fastening section on the support section has an oval or rectangular cross-sectional shape, which transitions into a round cross-sectional shape at the free end. This allows, in particular, a homogeneous transition between an oval support edge and the round fastening bore at the free end of the fastening section.

[0037] According to another exemplary embodiment, the (e.g., cylindrical) mounting bore has an internal thread, wherein the internal thread is formed completely or consists of at least two threaded tracks spaced apart circumferentially and extending along the anchor rod, which are formed, in particular, opposite each other. The threaded tracks can be provided by the mounting sections described above and serve, in particular, to fasten the protective cap to the anchor rod, for example, by means of a screw connection (e.g., internal thread in the mounting bore and external thread on the anchor rod). The (cylindrical) mounting bore of the mounting section of the protective cap has, for example,The full or double-sided internal thread is used to improve the transmission of shear force in one direction (transverse direction, along the surface of the base element) by preventing the thread tips of the anchor rod from pressing too deeply into the material of the protective cap. According to another exemplary embodiment, the protective cap consists of at least two different materials, in particular two different plastics, with different stiffnesses. For example, different material sections can consist of different materials, such as different plastics. Thus, the protective cap can consist of a first material consisting of a first plastic and a second material consisting of a fiber-reinforced plastic. This allows for different areas with different stiffnesses.Different deformability of the protective cap will be provided.

[0038] According to another exemplary embodiment, a first material section of the first material and a second material section of the second material alternate circumferentially in the protective cap. For example, the first material section and the second material section can alternate circumferentially in the bearing section. The fastening section can consist of the first or second material or of a different third material. Furthermore, the fastening section can alternate circumferentially in the first material section and the second material section, and the bearing section can consist of the first material, the second material, or a third material. In a further embodiment, the entire protective cap, i.e., the bearing section and the fastening section, can alternate circumferentially in the first material section and the second material section.Thus, materials of different stiffness and deformability can be used in the respective material sections, so that, for example, the first material section can be made stiffer or more deformable compared to the second material section.

[0039] According to another exemplary embodiment, the protective cap is designed such that two first material sections with the first material face each other and / or two second material sections with the second material face each other. Thus, similar to the oval or rectangular embodiment of the protective cap, the different material sections can also be oriented according to predetermined load cases, for example, a typical shear force resulting from the likely impact direction of an object on the support element. This allows the protective cap to be oriented accordingly to increase flexibility along the expected shear force direction and thus reduce the risk of cracking due to impact. The material sections can be designed with a round, oval, or rectangular cross-section in a support section and / or a fastening section.Thus, depending on predetermined load cases, for example, a typical shear force occurring due to a likely impact direction of an object on the support element, the protective cap can be aligned accordingly to provide less flexibility along a first predetermined shear force direction (e.g., due to an impact) and greater flexibility along a second predetermined shear force direction (e.g., due to creep or shrinkage of the concrete or due to temperature differences between the superstructure and the base element), thereby reducing cracking due to the corresponding load.

[0040] The different material areas can be marked with different colors, for example, to represent their varying stiffness. This allows for precise alignment and positioning of the protective cards.

[0041] According to another exemplary embodiment, the mounting section of the anchor rod has a thread for attaching a fastener, in particular a nut (or the protective cap mounting section described above). The nut can be used, for example, to clamp the support element. The nut can be positioned and fixed directly in the material, i.e., in the concrete, of the mounting element if the mounting element is manufactured or cast in place.

[0042] According to another exemplary embodiment of the composite arrangement, the base element section of the anchor rod is fastened in the bore of the base element by means of a connecting element, in particular mortar, bonding mortar or injection mortar, wherein the connecting element in particular fills the cavity between the protective cap and the surface of the base element around the anchor rod.

[0043] It should be noted that the embodiments described here represent only a limited selection of possible embodiments of the invention. It is possible to combine the features of individual embodiments in a suitable manner, so that a multitude of different embodiments are considered to be obviously disclosed to the person skilled in the art with regard to the embodiments explicitly described here. In particular, some embodiments of the invention are described by apparatus claims and other embodiments by method claims. However, it will become immediately clear to the person skilled in the art upon reading this application that, unless explicitly stated otherwise, in addition to a combination of features belonging to one type of subject matter, any combination of features belonging to different types of subject matter is also possible. Brief description of the drawings

[0044] For further explanation and better understanding of the present invention, exemplary embodiments are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the composite arrangement with an anchoring device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of section AA from Fig 1 . Fig. 3 shows a schematic sectional view of section BB from Fig 1 . Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of a bottom view of a protective cap according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of a side view of the protective cap made of Fig. 4 . Detailed description of exemplary embodiments

[0045] Identical or similar components in different figures are identified by the same reference numbers. The representations in the figures are schematic.

[0046] Fig. 1Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the composite arrangement with an anchoring device 100. The anchoring device 100 serves to fasten a superstructure element 102 to a base element 101 made of concrete. The anchoring device 100 has an anchor rod 103 with a base element section 104, which can be fastened in a bore 116 of the base element 101, and a superstructure fastening section 105, which can be fastened in the superstructure element 102. Furthermore, the anchoring device 100 has a protective cap 106, which can be fastened to the superstructure fastening section 105 of the anchor rod 103. The protective cap 106 has a support section 107 extending spaced around the anchor rod 103, which has a bearing edge 108 for bearing on a surface of the base element 101 on which the superstructure element 102 can be arranged.The support section 107 is designed such that a cavity 109 around the anchor rod 103 can be formed between the protective cap 106 and the surface of the base element 101.

[0047] The base element 101, made of concrete, is an existing and hardened element of a structure, consisting of concrete (in particular reinforced concrete or other composite concrete). A sealing layer 115 is arranged on the surface of the base element 101, and the superstructure element is attached to or placed on this layer.

[0048] The superstructure element 102 serves as a superstructure on the existing base element 101 made of concrete. The superstructure element 102 can also be made of concrete (for example, pure concrete or composite concrete), but also of another load-bearing material (in particular, composite material) of a structure. The superstructure element 102 can be placed as a prefabricated component on a surface of the base element 101 and fastened with the anchor rod 103. For example, the anchor rod 103 can protrude into a bore 116 of the superstructure element 102 and be fastened using a fastener (for example, mortar, injection mortar). Alternatively, the superstructure element 102 can be made of a hardening, curable material, such as concrete. Accordingly, the anchor rod 103 can first be fastened in the base element 101 so that the superstructure fastening section 105 of the anchor rod 103 protrudes from the base element 101.The liquid or viscous assembly element 102 can then be poured around the superstructure fastening section 105 and onto the surface of the base element 101.

[0049] The anchor rod 103 is made of a high-strength material, such as metal (steel, tool steel) or a high-strength composite material. The base element section 104 is designed for placement in the bore 116 of the base element 101 and can be fixed there using a fastener, such as mortar. By fixing the anchor rod 103 in the base element 101, as well as in the superstructure element 102, a rigid connection between the two elements is established. In particular, the anchor rod 103 prevents lateral displacement of the superstructure element 102 relative to the base element 101. The anchor rod 103 may deform or bend slightly.

[0050] The protective cap 106 is attached to the anchor rod 103. In particular, the protective cap 106 can be flexibly adjusted along the anchor rod 103 to assume a specific position along the anchor rod 103. The protective cap 106 is attached to the superstructure mounting section 105 of the anchor rod 103, which projects from the base element 101. Specifically, the protective cap 106 has a support section 107 which forms a support edge 108 spaced apart from the anchor rod 103. The support edge 108 serves to rest on the surface of the base element 101, on which the superstructure element 102 is arranged. The support edge 108 is designed such that it can be laid flat on the surface of the base element 101. Specifically, the support edge 108 is designed to provide a seal to the inner cavity 109.The sealing is designed in such a way that, in particular, a viscous medium, such as liquid concrete of the superstructure element 102, does not penetrate into the cavity 109 between the surface of the base element 101 and the support edge 108 of the protective cap 106.

[0051] The support section 107 forms an umbrella-like shape, creating an inner cavity 109 around the anchor rod 103. This cavity 109 can, for example, be filled with a gas or air. Furthermore, the cavity 109 can contain, in whole or in part, a fastening material (mortar, in particular injection mortar) originating from the bore 116 of the base element 101, into which the base element section 104 of the anchor rod 103 is inserted, and / or from the bore 116 of the superstructure element 102.

[0052] A section of the anchor rod 103, which runs through the cavity 109, is therefore not rigidly connected to the superstructure element 102. Thus, when the superstructure element 102 moves relative to the base element 101 (due to lateral forces, for example, caused by a sudden impact such as a vehicle collision), deformation or bending of the section of the anchor rod 103 that runs through the cavity 109 is possible.

[0053] The protective cap 106 has a fastening section 110 which adjoins the support section 107 opposite the bearing edge 108 and extends along the anchor rod 103 to a free end 113 of the fastening section 110. The fastening section 110 has a fastening bore 114 through which the anchor rod 103 is guided for fastening. The fastening section 110 serves in particular to fasten the protective cap 106 to the anchor rod 103, for example by means of a screw connection (e.g., internal thread 502 (see figure). Fig. 5 ) in the mounting bore 114 and external thread on the anchor rod 103). In other words, the protective cap 106 with the mounting section 110 is in contact with the anchor rod 103, while the support section 107 runs spaced around the anchor rod 103 to form the cavity 109.

[0054] The mounting section 105 of the anchor rod 103 has a thread 111 for attaching a fastener, in particular a screw nut 112 (or the mounting section 110 of the protective cap 106 described above). The screw nut 112 can, for example, be used to clamp the support element 102. The base element section 104 of the anchor rod 103 is fastened in the bore 116 of the base element 101 by means of a fastener, in particular mortar, bonding mortar or injection mortar, wherein the fastener can, in particular, fill the cavity 109 between the protective cap 106 and the surface of the base element 101 around the anchor rod 103.

[0055] Fig. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of section AA from Fig 1The support section 107 is designed such that its outer circumference 201 has an oval cross-sectional shape. This oval cross-sectional shape features, in particular, a longer major axis and a shorter minor axis, which is orthogonal to the longer major axis. Accordingly, the support section 107 exhibits higher stiffness along the longer major axis than along the shorter minor axis. Thus, depending on predetermined load cases, for example, a typical shear force occurring due to a likely impact direction of an object on the support element 107, the protective cap 106 can be oriented accordingly to increase flexibility along the expected shear force direction and thus reduce the likelihood of cracking due to an impact.

[0056] Furthermore, the protective cap 106 shows in the support section 107 two opposing first material sections I with the first material and two opposing second material sections II with the second material. Along the longer main axis, the first material sections I can be opposite each other, and the first material can have a higher stiffness and correspondingly lower deformability than the second material. Correspondingly, along the shorter secondary axis, the second material sections II can be made of a second material that is softer and more deformable compared to the first material.Thus, depending on predetermined load cases, such as a typical shear force resulting from the likely impact direction of an object on the support element, the protective cap 106 is oriented accordingly using the different material sections I and II to increase flexibility along the expected shear force direction and thereby reduce the risk of cracking due to impact. The different material sections I and II can be marked with different colors, for example, to represent their differing stiffness. Material sections I and II can be formed in the support section 107, in the fastening section 110, or in both sections 107 and 110.

[0057] Fig. 3 shows a schematic sectional view of section BB from Fig 1The support section 107 is designed such that the cavity 109 has a round cross-sectional shape. With a round cross-sectional shape of the cavity 109, the rigid connection to the superstructure element 102 can be fully and uniformly released, allowing deformation of the anchor rod 103 in the area of ​​the cavity 109 along two directional components on the support plane on which the superstructure element 102 rests on the base element 101. This reduces the risk of cracking in the superstructure element 102 due to the rigid connection with the anchor.

[0058] Fig. 4 and Fig. 5Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a bottom view and a side view of a protective cap 106 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In the illustrated protective cap 106, the outer circumference 201 of the support section 107 has an oval cross-sectional shape, and the cavity 109 has a round cross-sectional shape. The round cavity 109 completely and comprehensively shields the bore 116 in the base element 101. Simultaneously, the oval cross-section of the outer circumference 201 allows for targeted control of the absorption of the transverse force direction.

[0059] The fastening section 110 forms a truncated cone shape 501, tapering from the support section 107 along the anchor rod 103 to a free end 113. The support section 107 also has a shallower truncated cone shape 501, tapering from the support edge 108 along the anchor rod 103 to the fastening section 110. The outer circumference 202 of the fastening section 110 at the support section 107 forms an oval cross-sectional shape, which transitions into a round cross-sectional shape at the free end 113. This ensures a homogeneous transition between the oval support edge 108 and the round fastening bore 114 at the free end 113 of the fastening section 110.

[0060] The fastening bore 114 has an internal thread 502, wherein the internal thread 502 is formed completely or consists of at least two threaded tracks spaced apart circumferentially and extending along the anchor rod 103, which are formed in particular opposite each other. The threaded tracks can be provided by the fastening sections 110 described above and serve in particular to fasten the protective cap 106 to the anchor rod 103, for example by means of a screw connection (for example, internal thread 502 in the fastening bore 114 and external thread on the anchor rod 103).

[0061] It should also be noted that "comprehensive" does not exclude any other elements or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. Furthermore, it should be noted that features or steps described with reference to one of the above embodiments may also be used in combination with other features or steps from other embodiments described above. Reference numerals in the claims are not to be considered as limitations. Reference symbol list:

[0062] 100 Anchoring device 101 Base element 102 Mounting element 103 Anchor rod 104 Base element section 105 Mounting section 106 Protective cap 107 Support section 108 Support edge 109 Cavity 110 Mounting section 111 Thread 112 Nut 113 Free end 114 Mounting hole 115 Sealing layer 116 Base element hole 201 Outer circumference of support section 202 Outer circumference of mounting section 501 Fractional cone shape 502 Internal thread

Claims

1. Anchoring device (100) for fastening a superstructure element (102) to a base element (101) made of concrete, wherein the anchoring device (100) comprises an anchor rod (103) with a base element section (104) which can be fastened in a bore (116) of the base element (101), and a superstructure fastening section (105) which can be fastened in the superstructure element (102), a protective cap (106) which can be fastened to the superstructure fastening section (105) of the anchor rod (103), wherein the protective cap (106) has a support section (107) extending spaced around the anchor rod (103), which has a bearing edge (108) for bearing on a surface of the base element (101) on which the superstructure element (102) can be arranged, wherein the support section (107) is designed such that between the protective cap (106) and the surface of the base element (101) a cavity (109) can be formed around the anchor rod (103).

2. Anchoring device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the protective cap (106) is made of a deformable material, wherein the protective cap (106) is in particular made of plastic or metal.

3. Fastening arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the support section (107) is designed such that the cavity (109) has a round cross-sectional shape, or wherein the support section (107) is designed such that the cavity (109) has an oval or rectangular cross-sectional shape.

4. Anchoring device (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the support section (107) is designed such that an outer circumference (201) of the support section has a round cross-sectional shape, or wherein the support section (107) is designed such that an outer circumference (201) of the support section has an oval or rectangular cross-sectional shape.

5. Anchoring device (100) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the protective cap (106) has a fastening section (110) which adjoins the support section (107) opposite the support edge (108) and extends along the anchor rod (103) to a free end (113) of the fastening section (110), wherein the fastening section (110) has a fastening bore (114) through which the anchor rod (103) is guided for fastening.

6. Anchoring device (100) according to claim 5, wherein the fastening section (110) is made of solid material, or wherein the fastening section (110) has fastening areas for fastening to the anchor rod (103), wherein the fastening areas are spaced apart by at least one further cavity.

7. Anchoring device (100) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the fastening section (110) is configured such that an outer circumference (202) of the fastening section (110) has a round cross-sectional shape, or, wherein the fastening section (110) is configured such that an outer circumference (202) of the fastening section (110) has an oval or rectangular cross-sectional shape.

8. Anchoring device (100) according to one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the fastening section (110) forms a frustoconical shape (501), in which the fastening section (110) tapers from the support section (107) along the anchor rod (103) to a free end (113) of the fastening section (110), wherein the outer circumference (202) of the fastening section (110) has an oval or rectangular cross-sectional shape, particularly at the support section (107), which transitions into a round cross-sectional shape at the free end (113), wherein the fastening bore (114) has an internal thread (502), wherein the internal thread (502) is formed completely or consists of at least two threaded tracks spaced apart circumferentially and extending along the anchor rod (103), which are particularly opposite each other.

9. Anchoring device (100) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the protective cap (106) consists of at least different first and second materials, in particular two different plastics, with different stiffness.

10. Anchoring device (100) according to claim 9, wherein in the circumferential direction of the protective cap (106) a first material section (I) with the first material and a second material section (II) with the second material alternate, wherein the protective cap (106) is in particular designed such that two first material sections (I) with the first material are opposite each other and / or that two second material sections (II) with the second material are opposite each other.

11. Anchoring device (100) according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein at least the superstructure fastening section (105) of the anchor rod (103) has a thread (111) for fastening a fastening means, in particular a screw nut (112).

12. Composite arrangement of a structure, the composite arrangement comprising a base element (101) made of concrete, a superstructure element (102) which is arranged on the base element (101), an anchoring device (100) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the base element section (104) is fastened in a bore (116) of the base element (101), wherein the protective cap (106) is attached to the superstructure fastening section (105) of the anchor rod (103), wherein the bearing edge (108) of the bearing section rests on the surface of the base element (101) on which the superstructure element (102) is arranged, wherein the superstructure fastening section (105) is fastened in the superstructure element (102).

13. Composite arrangement according to claim 12, wherein the base element section (104) of the anchor rod (103) is fastened in the bore (116) of the base element (101) by means of a connecting means, in particular mortar or bonding mortar, wherein the connecting means in particular fills the cavity (109) between the protective cap (106) and the surface of the base element (101) around the anchor rod (103), wherein the superstructure element (102) in particular comprises a curable material, in particular concrete, which is cast in particular around the superstructure fastening section (105) of the anchor rod (103), wherein the base element (101) has on a surface in particular a sealing layer (115) on which the superstructure element (102) is arranged.

14. Method for fastening a superstructure element (102) to a concrete base element (101) of a structure by means of an anchoring device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 19, the method comprising: providing a concrete base element (101), fastening the base element section (104) of the anchor rod (103) in a bore (116) of the base element (101), fastening the protective cap (106) to the superstructure fastening section (105) of the anchor rod (103), placing the bearing edge of the bearing section of the protective cap (106) on the surface of the base element (101) on which the superstructure element (102) can be arranged, arranging the superstructure element (102) on the surface of the base element (101), fastening the superstructure fastening section (105) of the anchor rod (103) in the superstructure element (102) such that the superstructure element (102) is attached to the base element (101) by means of the anchor rod (103).

15. Protective cap (106) for sealing a bore (116) of a base element (101) made of concrete, in which bore (116) a base element section (104) of an anchor rod (103) can be fastened, wherein the protective cap (106) can be fastened to a superstructure fastening section (105) of the anchor rod (103), wherein the superstructure fastening section (105) can be fastened in a superstructure element (102), wherein the protective cap (106) has a support section (107) extending spaced around the anchor rod (103), which has a support edge (108) for bearing on a surface of the base element (101) on which the superstructure element (102) can be arranged, wherein the support section (107) is designed such that a cavity (109) is formed between the protective cap (106) and the surface of the base element (101) around the Anchor rod (103) can be formed.

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