Evacuation guidance presentation system, evacuation guidance presentation method, program, and disaster prevention system

Abstract

An evacuation guidance presentation system (10) is an evacuation guidance presentation system (10) that provides evacuation guidance by presenting an evacuation route in event of a fire occurring in a facility, the evacuation guidance presentation system (10) including: a computator (11) that calculates, for each of a plurality of unit spaces into which the facility is virtually divided, a spatial risk level value of the unit space based on a function of smoke arrival time required for smoke to arrive at the unit space from a fire site where the fire occurred; a determiner (12) that determines, as an optimal evacuation route, an evacuation route that is one of a plurality of evacuation routes in the facility and whose total spatial risk level value is lowest, the total spatial risk level value being a total of the spatial risk level values of one or more unit spaces included in the evacuation route out of the plurality of unit spaces; and a presenter (13) that presents the evacuation route determined by the determiner (12) as the optimal evacuation route.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an evacuation guidance presentation system, an evacuation guidance presentation method, a disaster prevention system including the evacuation guidance presentation system, and a program.[Background Art]

[0002] Techniques have conventionally been developed for, in the event of a disaster such as a fire, assisting affected people with safe evacuation by automatically generating an evacuation route (also called "evacuation path") (see, for example, Patent Literature (PTL) 1).[Citation List][Patent Literature]

[0003] [PTL 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2010-5292[Summary of Invention][Technical Problem]

[0004] However, with conventional evacuation assistance techniques, there are cases where an inappropriate evacuation route is generated. The present invention provides an evacuation guidance presentation system and the like that can provide safer evacuation assistance by generating a more appropriate evacuation route and presenting the evacuation route.[Solution to Problem]

[0005] An evacuation guidance presentation system according to one aspect of the present invention is an evacuation guidance presentation system that provides evacuation guidance by presenting an evacuation route in event of a fire occurring in a facility, the evacuation guidance presentation system including: a computator that calculates, for each of a plurality of unit spaces into which the facility is virtually divided, a spatial risk level value of the unit space based on a function of smoke arrival time required for smoke to arrive at the unit space from a fire site where the fire occurred; a determiner that determines, as an optimal evacuation route, an evacuation route that is one of a plurality of evacuation routes in the facility and whose total spatial risk level value is lowest, the total spatial risk level value being a total of the spatial risk level values of one or more unit spaces included in the evacuation route out of the plurality of unit spaces; and a presenter that presents the evacuation route determined by the determiner as the optimal evacuation route.

[0006] An evacuation guidance presentation method according to one aspect of the present invention is an evacuation guidance presentation method for providing evacuation guidance by presenting an evacuation route in event of a fire occurring in a facility, executed by a computer, the evacuation guidance presentation method including: calculating, for each of a plurality of unit spaces into which the facility is virtually divided, a spatial risk level value of the unit space based on a function of smoke arrival time required for smoke to arrive at the unit space from a fire site where the fire occurred; determining, as an optimal evacuation route, an evacuation route that is one of a plurality of evacuation routes in the facility and whose total spatial risk level value is lowest, the total spatial risk level value being a total of the spatial risk level values of one or more unit spaces included in the evacuation route out of the plurality of unit spaces; and presenting the evacuation route as the optimal evacuation route.

[0007] A program according to one aspect of the present invention is a program for causing a computer to execute the evacuation guidance presentation method described above.

[0008] A disaster prevention system according to one aspect of the present invention includes the evacuation guidance presentation system described above and the plurality of sensors provided in the facility.[Advantageous Effects of Invention]

[0009] According to the present invention, an evacuation guidance presentation system and the like provide safer evacuation assistance are provided.[Brief Description of Drawings]

[0010] [FIG. 1] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of an evacuation guidance presentation system according to an embodiment. [FIG. 2] FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing one example of an operation performed by the evacuation guidance presentation system according to the embodiment. [FIG. 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating smoke arrival time according to the embodiment. [FIG. 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a process for determining an optimal evacuation route according to the embodiment. [FIG. 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing one example of a process for presenting an evacuation route according to the embodiment. [Description of Embodiments]

[0011] Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described specifically with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the embodiment described below shows a generic or specific example of the present invention. Accordingly, the numerical values, shapes, materials, structural elements, the arrangement and connection of the structural elements, steps, the order of the steps, and the like shown in the following embodiment are merely examples, and therefore are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Also, among the structural elements described in the following embodiment, structural elements not recited in any one of the independent claims are described as arbitrary structural elements.

[0012] The diagrams are schematic representations, and thus are not necessarily true to scale. Also, in the diagrams, structural elements that are substantially the same are given the same reference numerals, and a redundant description may be omitted or simplified.(Embodiment)

[0013] First, an overview of an evacuation guidance presentation system and a disaster prevention system according to the present invention will be described. The disaster prevention system according to the present invention is a system that provides evacuation guidance by detecting the occurrence of a disaster such as a fire from results of detection from sensors installed throughout a facility and presenting an evacuation route from the current floor to the outside of the floor using smoke arrival time required for smoke to arrive at the current floor from the fire site. That is, the disaster prevention system according to the present invention is a system that generates an appropriate evacuation route based on the smoke arrival time and outputs the evacuation route. In the disaster prevention system and the evacuation guidance presentation system according to the present invention, no consideration is given to moving between floors. The expression "moving between floors" means to move from the second floor to the first floor, or the like. In the present invention, an evacuation route from a floor where affected people are currently in to outside of the floor, specifically, from the current location on the floor to an emergency staircase or an emergency exit provided on the floor (including a passage to the same floor, a passage to another floor in the facility, or an exit to outside) is generated. Hereinafter, an emergency staircase and an emergency exit will be collectively referred to as an "exit from the floor" or simply an "exit".

[0014] The evacuation guidance presentation system determines an evacuation route with the lowest risk level, or in other words, an optimal evacuation route by taking the risk level of the entire route from the current location to the exit into overall consideration in an evacuation route generation process. Accordingly, the evacuation guidance presentation system can present a route with the lowest risk level by calculating, for each of a plurality of different evacuation routes from the current location to the exit, the risk level of the entire route. This is a different concept from that of the case where an evacuation route is generated and output by simply selecting, at a branching point of an evacuation route from the current location, a route that partially has a low risk level, which will be described later in detail.

[0015] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of an evacuation guidance presentation system according to an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, evacuation guidance presentation system 10 is included in disaster prevention system 50 as a part of disaster prevention system 50. Evacuation guidance presentation system 10 functions to generate an evacuation route based on the smoke arrival time required for smoke to arrive from the fire site, and present the evacuation route to guidance user interface (UI) 22. That is, evacuation guidance presentation system 10 has a function as an information processing portion of disaster prevention system 50 to present an evacuation route.

[0016] Disaster prevention system 50 includes, in addition to evacuation guidance presentation system 10, sensor 21 and guidance UI 22. Disaster prevention system 50 may be implemented as a system that only includes evacuation guidance presentation system 10 and sensor 21 connected to an external guidance UI device, or may be implemented as a system that only includes evacuation guidance presentation system 10 and guidance UI 22 connected to an external sensor device.

[0017] Examples of sensor 21 included in disaster prevention system 50 include: a smoke detector and a heat detector that senses a smoke density value in the event of a fire; a detector that detects the concentration of a specific component such as carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide; an image sensor that detects a fire or a collapse such as a camera; a seismic intensity detector that senses the seismic intensity of an earthquake; an illuminance detector for quantifying the visibility of an evacuation route; and the like. The following description will be given assuming that sensor 21 is a detector that senses a smoke density value.

[0018] Also, guidance UI 22 included in disaster prevention system 50 may be configured using any device as long as it is possible to present the evacuation route (or in other words, inform affected people of the evacuation route) by presenting at least one of auditory information or visual information. Guidance UI 22 includes, for example, a sound output loudspeaker, a flashing light guidance device (a device that emits a plurality of light points at different times such that the light appears to proceed in the guidance direction), an image display device such as a digital signage or a tablet terminal, and the like.

[0019] Evacuation guidance presentation system 10 includes computator 11, determiner 12, and presenter 13. Evacuation guidance presentation system 10 is implemented by a computer that has a function as an information processing portion as described above. Evacuation guidance presentation system 10 may be implemented by, for example, a virtual cloud computer on a network, or an edge computer installed in the facility or another facility that is connected to the facility with a communication line.

[0020] Computator 11 acquires a detection result from sensor 21 and calculates, based on the smoke arrival time required for smoke to arrive from the fire site, a spatial risk level value that indicates the risk level of spaces on the evacuation route. More specifically, the evacuation route is configured to pass through some of a plurality of spaces (hereinafter, referred to as "unit spaces") formed by virtually dividing the entire floor in the facility into a plurality of sections. Conversely, the evacuation route includes a plurality of unit spaces through which the route passes. Sensor 21 includes, as a whole, a plurality of sensors 21 that are provided in unit spaces in one-to-one correspondence such that detection can be performed for each unit space. Also, sensor 21 is configured to be capable of sensing in a unit space. That is, the unit space corresponds to a detection area that can be detected by sensor 21. There is no particular limitation on the size of unit space and the positional relationship with respect to sensor 21. For example, the unit space may correspond to a sensing area defined by the fire service law, or an area with a size of 30 m × 30 m that corresponds to the detector installation standard in hallways and passageways defined by the fire service law.

[0021] However, providing sensor 21 in each unit space as described above is not a requirement. For example, only sensor 21 capable of sensing is provided in the fire site, without providing sensors 21 in other unit spaces. In the case where it is possible to specify a location where a fire is likely to occur, sensor 21 may be provided in the location, without providing sensors 21 in other locations. However, in the case where it is not possible to specify a location where a fire is likely to occur, sensors 21 may be provided in all locations (or in other words, in all of the unit spaces).

[0022] The spatial risk level value is a numerical value that is calculated from the smoke arrival time required for smoke to arrive from the fire site in one unit space at a point in time, and indicates the magnitude of risk level when affected people pass through the unit space. The spatial risk level value varies with time. Accordingly, for example, it may be calculated as an estimated value that indicates time (or in other words, future time) at which affected people may pass through the unit space, using the spatial risk level value at the point in time and the spatial risk level value in the past. As described above, sensors 21 are individually installed in each unit space, and computator 11 calculates the spatial risk level value using each of the plurality of sensors 21. A communication line is provided such that a detection result from sensor 21 can be transmitted and received between computator 11 and sensor 21. Other than computator 11 and sensor 21, other devices such as a transceiver and a gateway may be provided on the communication line.

[0023] Computator 11 calculates the spatial risk level value from the acquired smoke arrival time required for smoke to arrive from the fire site by algorithm computation. A detailed operation of computator 11 will be described later together with an operation of evacuation guidance presentation system 10.

[0024] Determiner 12 determines, using the spatial risk level value calculated by computator 11, an optimal evacuation route that is an optimal one of a plurality of different evacuation routes. The expression "to determine an optimal evacuation route" means to select, from among a plurality of different evacuation routes, an evacuation route whose total spatial risk level value is smallest, the total spatial risk level value being a value obtained by summing up the spatial risk level value of each of all unit spaces that are included in each evacuation route and through which the evacuation route passes, or in other words, by summing up the spatial risk level values of the entire evacuation route.

[0025] Presenter 13 causes guidance UI 22 to present the optimal evacuation route determined by determiner 12. In this example, a process for presenting an evacuation route will be described assuming g that it is performed using an image. However, as described above, presenter 13 may be configured as appropriate according to how the evacuation route is presented. Presenter 13 acquires evacuation route information regarding the optimal evacuation route determined by determiner 12, and superimposes the evacuation route information on a floor map held in advance (stored in advance in a storage or the like) to generates an image thereof. Then, presenter 13 outputs the generated image and causes guidance UI 22 to display the image. A communication line is provided such that a generated image is transmitted and received between presenter 13 and guidance UI 22. Other than presenter 13 and guidance UI 22, other devices such as a transceiver and a gateway may be provided on the communication line.

[0026] Next, an operation of disaster prevention system 50, in particular, evacuation guidance presentation system 10 will be described with reference to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing one example of an operation performed by the evacuation guidance presentation system according to the embodiment.

[0027] First, sensor 21 constantly senses a smoke density value and transmits the smoke density value to computator 11. Computator 11 acquires the smoke density value as a detection result (S101), and also calculates the spatial risk level value of the unit space in which sensor 21 is installed at the point in time based on a function of smoke arrival time (S102). The calculation of the spatial risk level value will be described with reference to FIG. 3.

[0028] In the present embodiment, computator 11 calculates the spatial risk level value based on smoke's tip speed u f in the fire site and a path length of a smoke propagation path from the fire site. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, when a certain amount of smoke occurs in the fire site, the smoke propagates horizontally along the ceiling. Smoke's tip speed u f at this time can be calculated based on Equation (1) given below. [Math. 1] U f = 2 3 2 / 3 Δ ρgQ 0 ρ s b 1 / 3

[0029] In Equation (1), Δρ represents density difference between smoke and ambient fluid (unit: kg / m 3< ), g represents gravitational acceleration, Q 0 represents smoke inflow amount in the fire site (unit: m 3< / s), ρ s represents smoke density (unit: kg / m 3< ), and b represents route path width (unit: m).

[0030] In the present embodiment, a route that only passes through passageways without passing through living quarters is presented as the evacuation route. The reason is as follows. It is rare to encounter a situation in which the evacuation route must include a living quarter that is very likely to be a dead end. In addition, at the boundary between a living quarter and a passageway, there is usually a wall that extends from the ceiling surface to the door. For this reason, smoke needs to descend by an amount corresponding to the wall. In order to calculate the spatial risk level value of the living quarter by taking the situation into consideration, facility's three-dimensional spatial information is required. Then, the three-dimensional spatial information is used in the calculation, which requires an enormous computational processing amount. That is, from the viewpoint of computational processing amount, it is effective to calculate a route that only passes through passageways, as the evacuation route.

[0031] According to the approach described above, route path width b does not include a path whose path width varies significantly such as a path that passes through the entrance / exit of a living quarter. Accordingly, for example, a deemed calculation can be performed by using a representative value of the path width of a path to be calculated such as, for example, a fixed width that uses width b1 that is an average value, or in other words, a constant. Also, smoke density ρ s and density difference Δρ between smoke and ambient fluid can also be substantially approximated as constants as long as they are not strictly treated. It is also possible to perform the calculation using exact numerical values as path width b, smoke density ρ s and density difference Δρ between smoke and ambient fluid. However, as described above, from the viewpoint of computational processing amount, these variables are preferably approximated as constants. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the spatial risk level value is calculated based on the smoke's tip speed in the fire site and the path length and the path width of the smoke propagation path, and thus no consideration is given to the effect of smoke in the height direction. As a result, the spatial risk level value can be calculated without using floor's three-dimensional spatial information, and thus the computational processing amount can be reduced significantly. In an emergency situation such as an emergency situation that requires evacuation from a fire, every second counts. For this reason, there is no time to perform a calculation that requires a large processing amount. Accordingly, it can be said that the evacuation route with less computational processing amount suits to the actual situation.

[0032] As described above, when a representative value (for example, width b1) is used as the path width, and smoke density ρ s and density difference Δρ between smoke and ambient fluid are approximated as constants, Equation (1) can be transformed into an equation that indicates that smoke's tip speed u f is proportional to path width b1 and the cube root of smoke inflow amount Q 0 . Hereinafter, smoke's tip speed u f is treated as the same as smoke's horizontal propagation speed. Accordingly, the smoke's horizontal propagation speed is proportional to the cube root of smoke inflow amount Q 0 .

[0033] On the other hand, branching paths of paths that are involved in discharging smoke, and smoke discharge mechanisms such as a smoke discharge device and a ventilation device are too influential to the smoke's horizontal propagation speed in the path to be ignored. For example, in the case where there is a branching path on a path that extends from the fire site to a target unit space, smoke is also distributed to a path after the branching path. Accordingly, the smoke's horizontal propagation speed is reduced. Alternatively, in the case where there is a merging path from another path on a path that extends from the fire site to a target unit space, the smoke from the other path joins together, and thus the smoke's horizontal propagation speed is increased. In the present embodiment, computator 11 increases and decreases the horizontal propagation speed according to the branching path and the merging path .

[0034] Specifically, in the case where there is a branching path on a path that extends from the fire site to a target unit space, computator 11 deems that the path width has increased by an amount corresponding to the path after the branching path, and performs the calculation by replacing b in Equation (1). For example, if smoke is distributed to the other path that has the same path width at the branching path, computator 11 calculates the horizontal propagation speed by replacing smoke inflow amount Q 0 with Q 0 / 2 in Equation (1). Likewise, in the case where there is a merging path from another path on a path that extends from the fire site to a target unit space, computator 11 deems that the path width has decreased by an amount corresponding to the other path that joins together, and performs the calculation by replacing b in Equation (1). For example, if smoke from the other path that has the same path width at the branching path joins, computator 11 calculates the horizontal propagation speed by replacing smoke inflow amount Q 0 with 2Q 0 in Equation (1).

[0035] On the other hand, in the case where there is a smoke discharge mechanism on a path that extends from the fire site to a target unit space, the smoke's horizontal propagation speed is reduced according to the operation performance of the smoke discharge mechanism determined based on the performance, the installation height, and the like. The operation performance corresponds to the amount of smoke reduction relative to the smoke inflow amount, and is represented by Q E . Specifically, in the case where there is a smoke discharge mechanism on a path that extends from the fire site to a target unit space, computator 11 deems that the smoke inflow amount has decreased in an amount corresponding to operation performance Q E of the smoke discharge mechanism, and performs the calculation by subtracting Q 0 in Equation (1). For example, in the case where there is a smoke discharge mechanism with operation performance Q E on a path, computator 11 calculates the horizontal propagation speed by replacing Q 0 with (Q 0 -Q E ) in Equation (1).

[0036] Here, smoke inflow amount Q 0 can be considered as the amount of smoke generated only in the fire site (smoke generation amount) unless there is no other source of smoke such as in an early stage of fire. The smoke generation amount is calculated using a V s value defined by Equation (2) given below. [Math. 2] V s = 9 α f + α m A room 1 / 3 H low 5 / 3 + H low − H room + 1.8 5 / 3

[0037] In Equation (2), α f represents a numerical value that corresponds to heat generation amount q l per square meter of loaded flammable goods in a space (hereinafter referred to as a "living quarter") that includes the fire site. When heat generation amount qi is less than or equal to 170 mJ / m 2< , a f = 0.0125. When heat generation amount q l is greater than 170 mJ / m 2< , a f = 2.6 × 10 -6< q l ^(5 / 3).

[0038] Also, in Equation (2) a m represents a numerical value determined according to the type of finishing of interior surfaces of the walls and the ceiling of a living quarter that includes the fire site. When the walls and the ceiling are finished using a non-flammable material, a m = 0.0035. When the walls and the ceiling are finished as specified in Article 128-5 (Interior Finish of Special Buildings), paragraph 1, item (2) of the Building Standards Act Enforcement Order, a m = 0.014. When the walls and the ceiling are finished as specified in Article 128-5 (Interior Finish of Special Buildings), paragraph 1, item (1) of the Building Standards Act Enforcement Order, a m = 0.056. When the walls and the ceiling are finished using wood or a similar material, a m = 0.35.

[0039] Also, in Equation (2), A room represents the floor area of a living quarter (unit: m 2< ), H low represents an average ceiling height of the living quarter from the lowest position on the floor surface (unit: m), and H room represents an average ceiling height of the living quarter from a reference point (unit: m).

[0040] The calculated V s value may be treated as is as the smoke generation amount. However, there may be a case where the value is different from a smoke generation amount estimated from a detection result actually detected by sensor 21 or the like. To address this, in the present embodiment, the smoke generation amount for use in computation is determined by taking the V s value and the detection result into consideration. For example, in the case of the smoke generation amount based on the detection result is greater than the V s value, by multiplying the V s value by a coefficient or adding a predetermined value to the V s value, the smoke generation amount that is greater than the V s value is determined. Also, for example, in the case of the smoke generation amount based on the detection result is smaller than the V s value, by dividing the V s value by a coefficient or subtracting a predetermined value from the V s value, the smoke generation amount that is smaller than the V s value is determined.

[0041] The smoke generation amount based on the V s value and the detection result is determined in the manner described above, and calculation is performed based on Equation (1) using the determined smoke generation amount as smoke inflow amount Q 0 . At this time, by treating the approximable variables as constants as much as possible, the horizontal propagation speed in the path is calculated by taking the branching path and the merging path on the path and the smoke discharge mechanism into consideration while reducing the computational processing amount. Computator 11 calculates smoke arrival time required for smoke to arrive at the unit space using the calculated horizontal propagation speed and the route path length. It is necessary to replace the smoke arrival time with the spatial risk level value of the unit space, and thus computator 11 also has a conversion function for replacing the smoke arrival time with the spatial risk level value. For example, computator 11 calculates the spatial risk level value by taking the reciprocal of the calculated smoke arrival time. The conversion function is merely one example, and there is no particular limitation on the conversion method as long as computator 11 has the conversion function of calculating the spatial risk level value to be lower as the given smoke arrival time is longer and to be higher as the given smoke arrival time is shorter.

[0042] Referring back to FIG. 2, after the spatial risk level value has been calculated, determiner 12 determines an optimal evacuation route (S103). First, determiner 12 acquires the calculated spatial risk level value. Then, determiner 12 calculates, for each of a plurality of different evacuation routes, a total spatial risk level value of the entire route using the spatial risk level values. One example will be described with reference to FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a process for determining an optimal evacuation route according to the embodiment. In FIG. 4, the outermost rectangular indicates a floor in the facility. The hatched areas indicate impassable spaces (living quarters, storage spaces, and the like). Each of reference numerals S1 to S16 represents a sensor. There are exits on the floor on the right and left sides at the lower end of the drawing. An evacuation route starting from the position of sensor S1 to either one of the exits is presented. A fire has occurred near sensor S4. The spatial risk level value of each unit space based on the smoke arrival time is shown below.

[0043] Near sensor S1: 0.020 Near sensor S2: 0.025 Near sensor S3: 0.200 Near sensor S4: 2.000 Near sensor S5: 0.020 Near sensor S6: 0.020 Near sensor S7: 0.030 Near sensor S8: 0.500 Near sensor S9: 0.015 Near sensor S10: 0.020 Near sensor S11: 0.025 Near sensor S12: 0.020 Near sensor S13: 0.005 Near sensor S14: 0.015 Near sensor S15: 0.020 Near sensor S16: 0.010

[0044] For example, an evacuation route indicated by a solid arrow in FIG. 4 passes near sensors S1, S2, S6, S7, S11, S15, and S16. Accordingly, the total spatial risk level value is 0.150. On the other hand, an evacuation route indicated by a dashed arrow in FIG. 4 passes near sensors S1, S2, S6, S5, S9, S10, S11, S15, S14, and S13. Accordingly, the total spatial risk level value is 0.185. It appears that the evacuation route indicated by the dashed arrow is the safest evacuation route because branching points that are farthest from near sensor S4 that is the source of fire are selected. However, the evacuation route indicated by the dashed arrow actually passes through many spaces to the exit, and thus the total spatial risk level value is higher. It is obvious that the overall risk level of the evacuation route indicated by the solid arrow is lower even though affected people actually have to pass through near sensor S4.

[0045] In the manner described above, in this example, by comparing the total spatial risk level value of the entire evacuation route, it is possible to select a more appropriate evacuation route and provide safer evacuation assistance.

[0046] Referring back to FIG. 2, after the optimal evacuation route has been determined, presenter 13 presents the evacuation route (S104). The presenter acquires information regarding the evacuation route determined as the optimal evacuation route, and generates an image for presenting the evacuation route by superimposing the evacuation route on the floor map. Then, the presenter outputs the image to guidance UI 22 to display the image to present the evacuation route. One example is shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing one example of a process for presenting an evacuation route according to the embodiment. FIG. 5 shows an appearance of guidance UI 22 and an image displayed on the screen. As shown in FIG. 5, in this example, an evacuation route superimposed on a floor map is shown together with time at which a fire occurred, information indicating the fire site where the fire occurred, a current image of the fire site, the number of affected people left on the floor, and a contact button for contacting the floor manager. Accordingly, the evacuation guidance presentation system may have a configuration for detecting a fire itself, capturing images, counting the number of affected people, registering the floor manager, forming an available communication line, and the like.[Advantageous Effects, etc.]

[0047] As described above, evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to a first aspect is evacuation guidance presentation system 10 that provides evacuation guidance by presenting an evacuation route in event of a fire occurring in a facility, evacuation guidance presentation system 10 including: computator 11 that calculates, for each of a plurality of unit spaces into which the facility is virtually divided, a spatial risk level value of the unit space based on a function of smoke arrival time required for smoke to arrive at the unit space from a fire site where the fire occurred; determiner 12 that determines, as an optimal evacuation route, an evacuation route that is one of a plurality of evacuation routes in the facility and whose total spatial risk level value is lowest, the total spatial risk level value being a total of the spatial risk level values of one or more unit spaces included in the evacuation route out of the plurality of unit spaces; and presenter 13 that presents the evacuation route determined by determiner 12 as the optimal evacuation route.

[0048] With this configuration, from among several possible evacuation routes, an evacuation route whose total spatial risk level value is lowest can be presented based on the smoke arrival time required for smoke to arrive at the unit space, from the viewpoint of spatial risk level value, specifically, from the viewpoint of total spatial risk level value, the total spatial risk level value being a total of the spatial risk level values of one or more unit spaces included in the evacuation route to the exit. In the manner described above, it is possible to implement evacuation guidance presentation system 10 that provides safer evacuation assistance from the viewpoint of reducing the risk level of evacuation route as a whole. Furthermore, the calculation of the spatial risk level value only requires the smoke arrival time required for smoke to arrive at the unit space, or in other words, the smoke speed, and the path length of the smoke propagation path. Such information can be acquired from a plan view as viewed from above the floor. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress an increase in the computational processing amount caused by using three-dimensional spatial information. As a result, the time required for calculation processing is likely to be reduced. Accordingly, from the viewpoint of quickly presenting the evacuation route, as well as from the viewpoint of computational processing amount, it is possible to implement evacuation guidance presentation system 10 that provides safer evacuation assistance.

[0049] Also, evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to a second aspect is evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to the first aspect, wherein computator 11 acquires a detection result from each of a plurality of sensors 21 that are respectively provided in the plurality of unit spaces, and calculates the spatial risk level value for each of the plurality of unit spaces based on the detection result acquired.

[0050] With this configuration, the spatial risk level value can be calculated based on the detection result acquired from each of sensors 21. For example, when using an estimated value of smoke generation amount to calculate the spatial risk level value, the spatial risk level value can be calculated using the estimated value and the actual detection result, and it is therefore possible to present the evacuation route based on a more reliable spatial risk level value.

[0051] Also, evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to a third aspect is evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to the second aspect, wherein the plurality of sensors 21 are detectors.

[0052] With this configuration, the spatial risk level value can be calculated based also on the detection result acquired from each of sensors 21 that are detectors.

[0053] Also, evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to a fourth aspect is evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to the second or third aspect, wherein computator 11 determines a smoke generation amount in the fire site based on a V s value calculated using Equation (2) given above and an amount of change over time of the detection result acquired, and calculates the spatial risk level value for each of the plurality of unit spaces based on the smoke generation amount determined.

[0054] With this configuration, the smoke generation amount can be determined based on the V s value calculated based on Equation (2) and an amount of change over time of the detection result acquired, and the spatial risk level value can be calculated based on the smoke generation amount.

[0055] Also, evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to a fifth aspect is evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein computator 11 calculates the smoke arrival time based on a path length of a smoke propagation path from the fire site to the unit space, and a horizontal propagation speed of the smoke, and the horizontal propagation speed is proportional to a cube root of a smoke generation amount in the fire site.

[0056] With this configuration, the smoke arrival time can be calculated based on the path length of the smoke propagation path from the fire site to the unit space and the horizontal propagation speed.

[0057] Also, evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to a sixth aspect is evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein each of the plurality of evacuation routes is a route to an emergency staircase or outside.

[0058] With this configuration, it is possible to present the evacuation route to the emergency staircase or outside.

[0059] Also, evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to a seventh aspect is evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein presenter 13 presents the optimal evacuation route using at least one of sound, flashing light, or signage.

[0060] With this configuration, the evacuation route can be presented using at least one of sound, flashing light, or signage.

[0061] Also, evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to an eighth aspect is evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to the fifth aspect, wherein computator 11 reduces the horizontal propagation speed according to a branching path provided on the smoke propagation path from the fire site to the unit space.

[0062] With this configuration, in the case where there is a branching path that has the effect of reducing the horizontal propagation speed on the smoke propagation path from the fire site to the unit space, the horizontal propagation speed can be reduced according to the situation.

[0063] Also, evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to a ninth aspect is evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to the fifth aspect, wherein computator 11 reduces the horizontal propagation speed according to a smoke discharge mechanism provided on the smoke propagation path from the fire site to the unit space.

[0064] With this configuration, in the case where there is a smoke discharge mechanism that has the effect of reducing the horizontal propagation speed on the smoke propagation path from the fire site to the unit space, the horizontal propagation speed can be reduced according to the situation.

[0065] Also, an evacuation guidance presentation method according to a tenth aspect is an evacuation guidance presentation method for providing evacuation guidance by presenting an evacuation route in event of a fire occurring in a facility, executed by a computer, the evacuation guidance presentation method including: calculating, for each of a plurality of unit spaces into which the facility is virtually divided, a spatial risk level value of the unit space based on a function of smoke arrival time required for smoke to arrive at the unit space from a fire site where the fire occurred; determining, as an optimal evacuation route, an evacuation route that is one of a plurality of evacuation routes in the facility and whose total spatial risk level value is lowest, the total spatial risk level value being a total of the spatial risk level values of one or more unit spaces included in the evacuation route out of the plurality of unit spaces; and presenting the evacuation route as the optimal evacuation route.

[0066] With this configuration, the same advantageous effects as those of evacuation guidance presentation system 10 can be obtained.

[0067] Also, a program according to an eleventh aspect is a program for causing a computer to execute the evacuation guidance presentation method according to the tenth aspect.

[0068] With this configuration, the same advantageous effects as those of evacuation guidance presentation system 10 can be obtained using a computer.

[0069] Also, a disaster prevention system according to a twelfth aspect includes: evacuation guidance presentation system 10 according to any one of the second aspect, the third aspect, and the fourth to ninth aspects that refer to the second aspect; and the plurality of sensors 21 provided in the facility.

[0070] With this configuration, it is possible to implement disaster prevention system 50 that produces the same advantageous effects as those of evacuation guidance presentation system 10.(Other Embodiments)

[0071] An embodiment has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment given above.

[0072] For example, in the embodiment given above, the evacuation guidance presentation system is implemented using a plurality of devices, modules, or the like. In this case, the structural elements of the evacuation guidance presentation system described in the embodiment given above may be distributed among the plurality of devices, modules, or the like in any way. Also, the evacuation guidance presentation system may be implemented as a single device.

[0073] Also, in the embodiment given above, the processing executed by a specific processor may be executed by a different processor. Also, the order in which a plurality of processing operations are performed may be changed, and the plurality of processing operations may be executed in parallel.

[0074] Also, in the embodiment given above, the structural elements may be implemented by executing a software program suitable for the structural elements. The structural elements may be implemented by a program executor such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a processor reading and executing a software program recorded in a recording medium such as a hard disk, a semiconductor memory, or the like.

[0075] Also, the structural elements may be implemented using hardware. The structural elements may be circuits (or an integrated circuit). These circuits may constitute a single circuit as a whole, or may be separate circuits. Also, these circuits may be general-purpose circuits or dedicated circuits.

[0076] Also, a generic or specific aspect of the present invention may be implemented using a system, a device a method, an integrated circuit, a computer program, or a computer-readable recording medium such as a CD-ROM. Alternatively, the generic or specific aspect of the present invention may be implemented using any combination of a system, a device a method, an integrated circuit, a computer program, and a computer-readable recording medium.

[0077] For example, the present invention may be implemented as the disaster prevention system according to the embodiment given above. Alternatively, the present invention may be implemented as a method that is executed by at least one of the processors of the evacuation guidance presentation system according to the embodiment given above. The present invention may be implemented as a program (a computer program product) for causing a computer to execute the method or a computer-readable non-transitory recording medium in which the program is recorded.

[0078] The present invention also encompasses other embodiments obtained by making various modifications that can be conceived by a person having ordinary skill in the art to the above-described embodiment as well as embodiments implemented by any combination of the structural elements and the functions of the above-described embodiment without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.[Reference Signs List]

[0079] 10 evacuation guidance presentation system 11 computator 12 determiner 13 presenter 21, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13, S14, S15, S16 sensor 22 guidance UI 50 disaster prevention system

Claims

1. An evacuation guidance presentation system that provides evacuation guidance by presenting an evacuation route in event of a fire occurring in a facility, the evacuation guidance presentation system comprising: a computator that calculates, for each of a plurality of unit spaces into which the facility is virtually divided, a spatial risk level value of the unit space based on a function of smoke arrival time required for smoke to arrive at the unit space from a fire site where the fire occurred; a determiner that determines, as an optimal evacuation route, an evacuation route that is one of a plurality of evacuation routes in the facility and whose total spatial risk level value is lowest, the total spatial risk level value being a total of the spatial risk level values of one or more unit spaces included in the evacuation route out of the plurality of unit spaces; and a presenter that presents the evacuation route determined by the determiner as the optimal evacuation route.

2. The evacuation guidance presentation system according to claim 1, wherein the computator acquires a detection result from each of a plurality of sensors that are respectively provided in the plurality of unit spaces, and calculates the spatial risk level value for each of the plurality of unit spaces based on the detection result acquired.

3. The evacuation guidance presentation system according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of sensors are detectors.

4. The evacuation guidance presentation system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the computator determines a smoke generation amount in the fire site based on a Vs value calculated using Equation (1) given below and an amount of change over time of the detection result acquired, and calculates the spatial risk level value for each of the plurality of unit spaces based on the smoke generation amount determined [Math. 1] V s = 9 α f + α m A room 1 / 3 H low 5 / 3 + H low − H room + 1.8 5 / 3 5. The evacuation guidance presentation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the computator calculates the smoke arrival time based on a path length of a smoke propagation path from the fire site to the unit space, and a horizontal propagation speed of the smoke, and the horizontal propagation speed is proportional to a cube root of a smoke generation amount in the fire site.

6. The evacuation guidance presentation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each of the plurality of evacuation routes is a route to an emergency staircase or outside.

7. The evacuation guidance presentation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the presenter presents the optimal evacuation route using at least one of sound, flashing light, or signage.

8. The evacuation guidance presentation system according to claim 5, wherein the computator reduces the horizontal propagation speed according to a branching path provided on the smoke propagation path from the fire site to the unit space.

9. The evacuation guidance presentation system according to claim 5, wherein the computator reduces the horizontal propagation speed according to a smoke discharge mechanism provided on the smoke propagation path from the fire site to the unit space.

10. An evacuation guidance presentation method for providing evacuation guidance by presenting an evacuation route in event of a fire occurring in a facility, executed by a computer, the evacuation guidance presentation method comprising: calculating, for each of a plurality of unit spaces into which the facility is virtually divided, a spatial risk level value of the unit space based on a function of smoke arrival time required for smoke to arrive at the unit space from a fire site where the fire occurred; determining, as an optimal evacuation route, an evacuation route that is one of a plurality of evacuation routes in the facility and whose total spatial risk level value is lowest, the total spatial risk level value being a total of the spatial risk level values of one or more unit spaces included in the evacuation route out of the plurality of unit spaces; and presenting the evacuation route as the optimal evacuation route.

11. A program for causing a computer to execute the evacuation guidance presentation method according to claim 10.

12. A disaster prevention system comprising: the evacuation guidance presentation system according to claim 2 or 3; and the plurality of sensors provided in the facility.

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