Milling cutter for molded wall.

Abstract

The invention relates to a diaphragm wall milling cutter that can be connected to a carrier device such as a cable excavator and comprises a milling cutter frame, at least two milling wheels arranged radially side by side on the milling cutter frame for crushing soil materials, and a suction box located at least partially between the milling wheels. The suction box has at least two suction openings for drawing in the liquid containing the excavated material, at least one of these suction openings being oriented towards one of the milling wheels. According to the invention, the suction box is connected to a separate crushing unit for crushing the excavated material, which is arranged, viewed in the direction of rotation of the milling wheels, upstream of the suction openings. The invention also relates to a carrier device with a diaphragm wall milling cutter according to the invention.

Description

Description Title of the invention: Milling cutter for molded wall The present invention relates to a milling cutter for a diaphragm wall according to the preamble of claim 1 and a carrier device, in particular a cable shovel, with such a milling cutter. Diaphragm wall cutters are used to create floor slots for diaphragm wall construction in a wide variety of building projects and are available in different types, finishes, and sizes. They are typically mounted on mobile support equipment such as mobile cranes or cable excavators. The suction chamber of a diaphragm wall cutter, located in the area between the milling wheels, is primarily used to extract cuttings from the soil excavation. Typically, the suction chamber has several suction inlets through which liquid containing cuttings is drawn by a pump. Another function of the suction chamber is to crush the cuttings removed by the milling wheels. With some diaphragm wall cutters, this is done using a wear plate positioned tangentially to the milling wheels. Larger pieces and debris are trapped between the milling wheels and the wear plate, where they are broken or crushed. Due to the tangential arrangement, a wedge that narrows in the direction of rotation of the milling wheels forms between the wear plate and the milling wheels. This promotes the formation of blockages, since hard elements in the excavated material can become trapped between the milling wheel and the wear plate, potentially immobilizing the milling wheel. The resulting forces acting on the suction housing and the milling wheel gear are high but impossible to quantify. Furthermore, such blockages can rarely be resolved by reversing the milling wheels, which necessitates interrupting the milling wheel operation and removing the diaphragm wall cutter from the floor slot to clear the blockage. Furthermore, until now, the suction openings have been located in the middle of the wear plate. This also contributes to blockages, as excessively large and / or hard debris can become lodged in or in front of the suction openings and potentially jam the milling wheel. The aim of the present invention is therefore to develop cast-in-place milling cutters of the type described above, in an advantageous manner and to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks. In particular, blockages of debris in the suction box area must be avoided. According to the invention, this goal is achieved with a molded wall cutter which has the characteristics The specifications of claim 1. The diaphragm wall cutter proposed according to the invention can thus be attached to a carrier such as a cable excavator and comprises a cutter frame, at least two milling wheels arranged radially side by side on the cutter frame for reducing soil or excavated material, and a suction box disposed at least partially between the milling wheels. The suction box has at least two suction openings for drawing in liquid containing material or removed excavated material, at least one corresponding suction opening being oriented towards one of the milling wheels. According to the invention, the suction box is connected to a separate crushing unit for grinding backfill, the unit being positioned upstream of the suction openings, viewed in the direction of rotation of the milling wheels. In other words, a point located on the outer peripheral surface of a milling wheel, for example a milling tooth, passes first in front of the crushing unit and then in front of said at least one suction opening. The grinding unit may, but is not necessarily, considered part of the suction box. The grinding unit is an individual or separate component that, notably, is not integral to the suction box (or, if the grinding unit is considered part of the suction box, to a suction box body that includes the suction openings). Therefore, the suction openings are not formed on or within the grinding unit. Contrary to the prior art, according to the solution of the invention, the crushing of the excavated material and the suction of liquid containing crushed excavated material are thus separated both temporally and spatially. The excavated material detached from the milling wheels is first crushed or reduced by the crushing unit and then suctioned through the suction openings. In this way, by the time of suction, the excavated material is already reduced to the desired size, and the suction openings are significantly less subject to wear. Similarly, the blockage of excessively hard and / or large pieces of excavated material in or on the suction openings is prevented. Another advantage is that the surface area for crushing the excavated material can be larger than with conventional solutions, thus increasing the reliability of the crushing process. Advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the dependent claims and the following description. In one possible embodiment, the crushing unit is a component, in particular a wear part, removably attached to the suction housing, or comprises a component, in particular a wear part, removably attached. Due to contact with the material during the crushing process, the wear part is subject to increased wear and must therefore be replaced regularly. liably. For this purpose, either the entire grinding unit is removable from the suction box, or the grinding unit is permanently fixed to the suction box and includes one or more removable wear parts. Preferably, at least one wear part (i.e., the grinding unit itself or at least one component of the grinding unit) is movable in a direction parallel to the axes of rotation of the milling wheels relative to the suction box or the grinding unit. Entry or exit, respectively, can be achieved using rails. The wear part can therefore be removed or inserted, particularly from the side, so that access and replacement can be carried out quickly and easily. In particular, neither the milling wheels nor the suction box need to be disassembled to change the grinding unit or the wear part(s). Furthermore, this allows for the availability of different models of crushing units or wear parts, each adapted, for example, to a specific soil type, in order to achieve an optimal combination of the milling wheel, milling tooth, and crushing unit. This results in the best possible reduction of excavation for the respective circumstances. The different crushing units or wear parts can, for example, have different shapes and / or be made of different materials. Thus, depending on the crushing unit or wear part used, different distances from the milling wheels can be achieved. The grinding unit, or at least one component thereof, may preferably be reversibly locked so that it cannot be unintentionally detached. For this purpose, suitable fastening or locking elements, such as bolts, are preferably provided. In another possible embodiment, the grinding unit is not intended to cover the suction openings. Instead, a strict spatial separation of the reduction or grinding functions from the suction functions is provided. Advantageously, the grinding unit is positioned entirely beneath the suction housing in the longitudinal direction of the milling frame, specifically in a central location. Thus, the grinding unit is not only positioned in front of the suction openings, viewed in the direction of rotation of the milling wheels, but also in the longitudinal direction of the milling frame, below the suction openings. In another possible embodiment, the grinding unit is provided to have a cross-section with a substantially V-shaped outer contour. The V-profile may be straight, bent, or curved. The tip of the V-profile is preferably oriented downwards (along the longitudinal axis of the milling frame) and is as close as possible to the axes of rotation of the milling wheels. In another possible embodiment, it is provided that, at an opposite end At the suction box, the grinding unit has the smallest possible distance from the milling wheels. This prevents a narrowing wedge from forming between the milling wheel and the grinding unit, which could cause blockages. This feature also includes an embodiment in which one side of the grinding unit, in particular a grinding side, has a constant distance from the milling wheel. Alternatively, or in addition, this end may have the smallest possible distance from the axes of rotation of the milling wheels. In another possible embodiment, the crushing unit is provided to include two crushing sides oriented towards the outer peripheral surfaces of the milling wheels. The milling wheels rotate relative to the crushing sides or guide their milling teeth in front of them, the carried-up material being trapped and crushed or broken. The outer contours of the grinding sides (i.e., the edges of the grinding sides facing the milling wheels) are formed, in cross-section, preferably linearly (especially tangentially to the milling wheels, resulting in a wedge shape for the space between the milling wheel and the grinding side), concavely curved (particularly concentrically to the milling wheels, the distance between the grinding side and the outer peripheral surface of the milling wheel remaining constant), or convexly curved. Similarly, a combination of the above shapes is conceivable; for example, a grinding side that, in a cross-sectional view, includes both a linearly extending area and a curved extending area. In another possible embodiment, the grinding sides are designed to be surface-like, i.e., smooth. In another possible embodiment, the grinding sides are provided to include one or more angular or rounded edges. In this context, a rounded edge is also understood to mean a wavy curve of the grinding side. At its outermost point or zone, each edge has a smaller distance from the milling wheels than the areas adjacent to or between the edges. According to this embodiment, therefore, one or more individual edges have the smallest distance from the milling wheel. The grinding sides may thus have, in cross-section, a serrated or wavy profile, or a combination thereof. The outer zones or lines of the edges define an outer contour of the grinding side. The edges preferably extend, at least in zones, parallel to the axis of rotation of the milling wheels. In another possible embodiment, the suction box is provided to include suction surfaces oriented towards the milling wheels, on each of which at least one suction opening is provided, the suction surfaces being arranged, viewed in the direction of rotation of the suction surfaces, after or behind the grinding unit. Preferably, the suction surfaces comprise several suction openings arranged side by side. In another possible embodiment, the outer contours of the suction surfaces are contiguous with the outer contours of the grinding sides. This results in a continuous transition between the suction surfaces and the grinding sides. Alternatively, the suction surfaces can be arranged with an offset in the radial direction of the milling wheels towards the grinding sides, in particular, offset radially outwards or "towards the rear". A sloping opening is also possible, such that there is a wedge between the milling wheels and the suction openings that opens in the direction of rotation of the milling wheels. In these cases, the mechanical grinding takes place exclusively on the grinding sides and not on the suction openings. In another possible embodiment, the grinding unit, or at least a part thereof (in particular a wear part), can be moved relative to the suction housing. This adjustment can be made manually or by means of an actuator, for example, an electric drive or a hydraulic cylinder. In this way, the distance between the grinding unit and the milling wheels can be changed and adapted to the current situation or the desired applications. This eliminates the need to adjust the milling wheel gears, which support the milling wheels and are relatively heavy, as well as having numerous bolts to the milling frame. Instead, these gears can be installed in a fixed position, always in the same position, while the much smaller and lighter grinding unit can be easily fitted to it at the end of the assembly process. This also allows for predetermining the size of the solid particles in the crushed or reduced material, creating further soil-dependent optimization parameters. In another possible embodiment, the grinding unit is provided with at least two grinding elements that can be spaced apart and / or milling wheels. This allows the distance between the grinding sides and the two milling wheels to be varied or adjusted. For example, the grinding unit could comprise two adjustable halves, each half with a grinding side. Each grinding element may include at least one replaceable wear part that includes at least one grinding side. The grinding elements may be adjusted linearly or rotaryly (i.e., along a circular path), preferably relative to the suction box and / or to each other. Rotary adjustment offers the advantage of variable inclination of the grinding element or grinding side relative to the milling wheel. Preferably, the grinding elements are adjustable independently of each other, so that the distance can be set individually for each milling wheel. However, a common adjustment mechanism and / or drive is also conceivable. In another possible embodiment, the molded wall milling cutter comprises two pairs of milling wheels arranged radially side by side, each milling wheel being arranged coaxially with a milling wheel of the other respective pair of milling wheels. A separate dust collection box with a grinding unit may be provided for each pair of milling wheels, or a common dust collection box with a common grinding unit may be used for both pairs of milling wheels. The suction openings are preferably connected to a debris removal pump, by means of which the suspension or liquid containing the debris can be sucked through the suction openings and pumped into a suction conduit extending preferably into or onto the milling frame. Furthermore, the grinding unit or grinding elements can be equipped with additional grinding aids and / or surface reinforcements, such as wear strips, weld overlays, studs, or weld teeth. This serves both to protect the component's surface and to support material reduction. For this purpose, movable grinding aids such as rollers or rotating cylindrical bodies can also be used. The invention also relates to a carrier device with a diaphragm wall cutter. The carrier device may be, in particular, a cable excavator, but also a mobile crane or a hydraulic excavator. The carrier device preferably comprises a mobile chassis, for example, a tracked chassis, and an upper structure mounted on the chassis so as to be able to rotate about a vertical axis and comprising a pivoting boom. The diaphragm wall cutter is suspended from the carrier device by means of a cable that passes over one or more pulleys at the end of the boom to a winch on the upper structure. Other features, details, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the exemplary embodiment explained below with reference to the drawings. These depict: [Fig.1][Fig.1]: an example of the molded wall cutter according to the invention in a schematic front view; [Fig. 2]: A schematic front view of the suction box according to [Fig. 1] set [Fig.3][Fig.3]: The suction box in a perspective view. Figure 1 shows a schematic embodiment of the molded wall cutter 10 according to the invention, with a view of its front face. The molded wall cutter 10 shown in this embodiment comprises a cutter frame 12 with three frame sections that can be removably attached to one another. At the lower end of the lower frame section, there are two pairs of two milling wheels 14 each, shown schematically only, intended for reducing soil or excavated material when creating a soil trench. The two wheels 14 shown are arranged side by side in a radial direction. On the rear face, there is a second pair of milling wheels arranged in a corresponding manner. The milling wheels 14 are mounted on milling wheel gears, which drive the milling wheels 14 in rotation, and comprise a row of milling teeth 16 on the outer peripheral surfaces (see [Fig. 2]). The diaphragm wall cutter 10 is suspended from a support device, not shown in detail here, via the upper part of the frame. The central part of the frame, located between the lower and upper parts, can be designed to be removable, allowing for the creation of a diaphragm wall cutter with a reduced overall height and weight. The cutter frame 12 could alternatively consist of a single continuous frame or could have a different configuration or arrangement of frame parts. In the area between the milling wheels 14 of a pair of milling wheels and above the horizontal plane (in the vertical position of the molded wall cutter) formed by the axes of rotation of the milling wheels 14, there is a dust collection box 20. The dust collection box 20 has an elongated shape and extends parallel to the axes of rotation of the milling wheels 14 from one side of the molded wall cutter 10 with one pair of milling wheels to the opposite side with the other pair of milling wheels. A single dust collection box 20 is therefore used for both pairs of milling wheels. The suction box 20, shown in front view in [Fig. 2] and in enlarged perspective view in [Fig. 3], is used to suction the liquid / excavated material suspension from the soil slit using an excavation pump (not shown). The suction box 20 has an axisymmetric, box-shaped design and is attached to the lower part of the cutter frame 12 by means of a mounting plate 21. The suction box 20 comprises two lateral suction surfaces 23 which are oriented towards the respective milling wheels 14 and whose outer peripheral surfaces are opposite each other. As can be seen in [Fig. 3], the The suction surfaces 23 comprise a large number of suction openings 22 arranged side by side at uniform intervals and connected, via an internal volume of the suction chamber 20, to a debris extraction pump located on or within the cutter frame 12. This pump conveys the slurry through a suction line (not shown here) running inside the cutter frame 12, to a processing plant. The suction line can be arranged on a debris line reel so that it can be unwound and wound, the reel being positioned on a superstructure of the carrier device. A crushing unit 24 is connected to the suction box 20 and is used to break or crush the excavated material before it is suctioned. The crushing unit 24 can therefore also be called a crushing unit or simply a crusher. The crushing unit 24 is a separate component and is not attached as a single piece or by cohesion to the suction box 20. The crushing unit 24 comprises two crusher halves, called crushing elements 26, which are wear parts due to the load incurred during the crushing of the excavated material. Each crushing element 26 includes a crushing face 28 directed towards one of the milling wheels 14, against which the excavated material is pressed by the rotation of the respective milling wheel 14, as a result of which the excavated material is broken or crushed. The grinding unit 24 is located under the suction box 20 (when the molded wall cutter 10 is upright), so that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the milling wheels 14 (in [Fig.2], the right milling wheel 14 rotates clockwise and the left milling wheel 14 rotates counterclockwise), it is positioned in front of the suction surfaces 23 of the suction box 20 which include the suction openings 22. This results in a strict spatial separation of the zone 28 in which the cuttings are ground or fragmented, from the zone 23 in which the ground cuttings and the liquid are drawn in. Unlike known solutions where both the crushing and suction of the material are performed through suction openings in the same or the same component (usually a wear plate), the crushing of the material in the molded wall cutter 10 according to the invention is performed temporally before suction, so that the material is already crushed when it passes through the suction openings 22. This effectively prevents blockages in the area of ​​the suction openings 22. Furthermore, the crushing sides 28 can be made relatively large, thus ensuring reliable crushing. In addition, only the crushing elements 26 require more frequent replacement because the suction area 23 is less prone to wear. In the embodiment shown, the grinding sides 28 are not made with a smooth surface, but include a stepped surface with several angular edges 29 (see [Fig.3]). The edges 29 each form the smallest distance from the corresponding associated milling wheel 14. As can be seen in [Fig. 2], both the suction surfaces 23 and the outer contours of the grinding sides 28 have a concave, curved shape when viewed in cross-section. This curvature is formed concentrically around the milling wheels 14, so that the distance between the outer peripheral surfaces of the milling wheels 14 and the grinding sides 28, as well as the suction surfaces 23, remains constant in the direction of rotation. Thus, there is no narrowing corner in the direction of rotation between the milling wheel 14 and the suction housing 20 or the grinding unit 24, preventing blockages. Alternatively, however, other shapes are also possible, for example, a linear shape or a shape tangential to the milling wheels 14 for the suction surfaces 23 and / or the grinding sides 28. Furthermore, the suction surfaces 23 follow seamlessly the outer contours of the grinding sides 28 (see [Fig. 2]). Alternatively, the suction surfaces 23 can be offset inward from the grinding sides 28, or, viewed radially, outward. A sloping opening is also possible, creating a wedge-shaped gap between the milling wheels 14 and the suction openings 22. Mechanical grinding is thus carried out exclusively at the mill 24 and not at the suction openings 22. Furthermore, on the side of the suction box 20, above the suction openings 22 (i.e. on the side of the suction openings 22 opposite the grinding elements 26), fastening elements 25 are arranged which serve to fix cleaning plates not shown here, on the suction box 20, which plates extend between the milling teeth 16 of the milling wheels 14 in order to remove deposits in the gaps. As can be seen in particular on [Fig.2], the whole device including the suction box 20, the grinding unit 24 and the milling wheels 14 is axisymmetric, the plane of symmetry intersecting the longitudinal axis of the milling frame 12 or, respectively, of the molded wall milling cutter 10. Instead of an embodiment with a common suction box 20 for both pairs of milling wheels, an individual suction box 20 can be provided for each pair of milling wheels. List of reference numbers: 10 Milling cutter for molded wall 12 Strawberry frame 14 Milling wheel 16 Milling teeth 20 Suction box 21 Mounting plate 22 Suction opening 23 Suction surface 24 Grinding unit 25 Mounting element 26 Grinding element 28 Grinding side 29 Edge

Claims

Demands

1. Fraisc for molded wallc (10) that can be connected to a load-bearing device, including a milling cutter frame (12), at least two milling wheels (14) arranged radially next to each other on the milling machine frame (12) for crushing excavated material, and a suction box (20) disposed at least partially between the milling wheels (12) with at less two suction openings (22) each directed towards one of the milling wheels (14) for suctioning liquid containing cuttings, ca- characterized in that the suction box (20) is connected to a unit of separate crushing (24) for crushing excavated material, which is arranged, seen in the direction of rotation of the milling wheels (14), before the openings aspiration (22).

2. Molded wall cutter (10) according to claim 1, the unit of grinding (24) being a component which is removably connected to the suction box (20), in particular a wear part, or which includes at least one removablely fixed component (26), in in particular a wear part, which is preferably movable within a direction parallel to the axes of rotation of the milling wheels (14) by relative to the suction box (20) or the grinding unit (24).

3. Molded wall cutter (10) according to claim 1 or 2, the unit of grinding (24) not covering the suction openings (22) and being preferably positioned completely below the crate suction (20) in the longitudinal direction of the milling cutter frame (12).

4. Molded wall cutter (10) according to any one of the claims previous, the grinding unit (24) having a cross-section with an outer contour roughly V-shaped.

5. Molded wall cutter (10) according to any one of the claims In previous cases, the grinding unit (24) with the smallest distance per in relation to the milling wheels (14) and / or the axes of rotation of the wheels milling cutter (14) at one end away from the suction box (20).

6. Molded wall cutter (10) according to any one of the claims Previously, the grinding unit (24) comprised two grinding sides (28) oriented towards the outer peripheral surfaces of the wheels milling (14), the outer contours of the grinding sides being formed, according to a cross-sectional view, preferably linear, in particular tangential to the milling wheels (14), curved in a concave manner, in particular concentrically to the milling wheels (14), or curved in a convex manner.

7. Molded wall cutter (10) according to claim 6, the sides of grinding (28) being flat.

8. Molded wall cutter (10) according to claim 6, the sides of grinding (28) having one or more angular or rounded edges (29) which, at their outermost points, have a smaller distance per in relation to the milling wheels {14) that the areas near the, or between the edges (29), the edges (29) preferably extending at least by sections, parallel to the axes of rotation of the milling wheels (14).

9. Molded wall cutter (10) according to any one of the claims previous, the suction box (20) comprising surfaces suction (23) directed towards the milling wheels (14), on which are provided respectively with at least one suction opening (22), preferably several suction openings (22) arranged side by side side, the suction surfaces (23) being arranged after the unit of grinding (24), viewed in the direction of rotation of the milling wheels (14).

10. Molded wall cutter (10) according to any one of the claims 6 to 8 and according to claim 9, the outer contours of the surfaces suction (23) being contiguous with the outer contours of the sides of grinding (28) or being offset in the radial direction of the wheels of milling (14) towards the grinding sides (28), notably offset ra- diametrically outwards.

11. Molded wall cutter (10) according to any one of the claims previous, the grinding unit (24) or at least a part thereof, being adjustable relative to the suction box (20), in particular ma- manually or by means of an actuator.

12. Molded wall cutter (10) according to any one of the claims previous, the grinding unit (24) comprising at least two elements grinding (26) that can be adjusted in distance from each other and / or by relative to the milling wheels (14), and which can preferably be adjusted linearly or in rotation with respect to the suction box (20) and / or independently of each other.

13. Molded wall cutter (10) according to any one of the claims previous, comprising two pairs of milling wheels (14) arranged radially next to each other, each milling wheel (14) of a pair of milling wheels being arranged coaxially with respect to a milling wheel (14) from the other pair of milling wheels, and for each pair of milling wheels a separate dust collection box (20) with a crushing unit (24) being provided or for both pairs of wheels milling unit with a common suction box (20) and grinding unit (24) being provided.

14. Carrier device, in particular cable shovel, with a wall cutter molded (10) according to any one of the preceding claims.