fire-fighting foaming composition

Abstract

The invention relates to a fire-fighting foam composition comprising: - at least one surfactant; - at least one polysaccharide, referred to as the principal, having an average molecular weight greater than 300,000 Daltons and advantageously less than 6,000,000 Daltons; - an additional compound comprising at least one of the following compounds: a) a polysaccharide, referred to as the secondary; b) a water-soluble protein; the additional compound having a viscosity less than or equal to 35 mPa.s, advantageously less than or equal to 30 mPa.s, even more advantageously less than or equal to 20 mPa.s, at 375 s-1 when dissolved in the foam composition without said additional compound, at 20°C; - a calcium salt soluble in aqueous solution, in a non-zero mass percentage, and less than 2%.

Description

Title of the invention: fire-fighting foaming composition FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fire-fighting foaming compositions. More particularly, the present invention relates to foaming compositions provided with polysaccharides in order to stabilize the foam capable of being formed by said foaming composition. TECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Concentrated aqueous foaming compositions (hereinafter "foaming composition") for firefighting comprise diluted surfactant compounds. These surfactants may comprise amphoteric, zwitterionic, anionic or non-ionic surfactant compounds. In this regard, it has long been considered to use fluorinated surfactant compounds which allow the formation of an aqueous film, impermeable to air, on the surface of the fuel. In addition, fluorinated surfactant compounds also make it possible to improve the stability of foams on polar solvent fires.

[0003] Nevertheless, the bio-persistent nature of fluorinated surfactant compounds and the evolution of environmental standards have put an end to these fluorinated compounds, so that their use remains prohibited in many countries.

[0004] In order to overcome this effect, it is now considered to add stabilizing agents to the foaming compositions, and in particular high molecular weight polysaccharides. These polysaccharides have the effect of increasing the viscosity of the foaming solutions. This increase in viscosity makes it possible to limit the drainage of the liquid contained in the foam and consequently to increase its thermal resistance.

[0005] The consideration of polysaccharides that are insoluble or poorly soluble in polar solvents also makes it possible to improve the effectiveness of the extinguishing foam on polar solvent fires (i.e.: fires of water-miscible liquids). However, the consideration of these polysaccharides induces an increase in the viscosity of the foaming composition and thus makes the proportioning or automated dosing of the latter when mixing it with water complicated. This phenomenon is exacerbated when the temperature of the foaming composition decreases.

[0006] It is then complicated to implement polysaccharides with a sufficient concentration to sufficiently stabilize the foams formed without seeing the viscosity of the foaming composition increase.

[0007] In order to overcome this problem, it has been possible to consider using polysaccharides of different types. In this regard, document EP 3 126 015 B1 discloses a fire-fighting foaming composition which comprises a first polysaccharide and a second polysaccharide. In particular, the first polysaccharide comprises xanthan gum and the second polysaccharide may comprise at least one of the compounds chosen from guar gum, konjac gum, tara gum or methylcellulose. The first polysaccharide is in particular used in order to stabilize the foam likely to be formed by the foaming composition, while the second polysaccharide is used to limit the increase in viscosity of the foaming composition.

[0008] An aim of the present invention is therefore to propose a fire-fighting foaming composition whose viscosity is controlled and which is capable of forming a stable foam. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] The present invention relates to a fire-fighting foaming composition which comprises:

[0010] - at least one surfactant;

[0011] - at least one polysaccharide, called main, having an average molecular weight greater than 300,000 Dalton and advantageously less than 6,000,000 Dalton;

[0012] - an additional compound which comprises at least one of the following compounds:

[0013] a) a polysaccharide, called secondary;

[0014] b) a water-soluble protein;

[0015] the additional compound having a viscosity less than or equal to 35 mPa.s, advantageously less than or equal to 30 mPa.s, even more advantageously less than or equal to 20 mPa.s, at 375 s 1 when it is dissolved in the foaming composition devoid of said additional compound, at 20°C;

[0016] - a calcium salt soluble in aqueous solution, according to a mass percentage not zero, and less than 2%, advantageously between 0.1% and 1.5%, even more advantageously between 0.1% and 1%.

[0017] According to one embodiment, said composition is free of fluorinated compounds.

[0018] According to one embodiment, the main polysaccharide comprises at least one of the polysaccharides chosen from: xanthan gum, guar gum, diutan, starch, pectic acid, alginic acid, agar, rhamsam gum, welan gum, galactomannan, dextran, carob gum.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the main polysaccharide is present in the foaming composition at a mass concentration of between 0.3% and 3%, advantageously between 0.6% and 2.5%, even more advantageously between 1% and 2%.

[0020] According to one embodiment, the secondary polysaccharide comprises at least one of the polysaccharides chosen from: gum arabic, 2-hydroxy ethyl cellulose, hydrolyzed wheat gluten.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the water-soluble protein comprises a plant protein or an animal protein.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the water-soluble protein comprises gluten.

[0023] According to one embodiment, the additional compound is present in the com foaming position at a mass concentration between 0.5 times and 5 times greater than the mass concentration of the at least one main polysaccharide, advantageously at least equal to the mass concentration of the at least one main polysaccharide, even more advantageously between 2 times and 3 times greater than the mass concentration of the at least one main polysaccharide.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the at least one surfactant comprises:

[0025] an anionic surfactant;

[0026] a non-ionic surfactant;

[0027] an amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the anionic surfactant comprises an alkyl chain or alkylaryl whose number of carbon atoms is between 8 and 18, advantageously the anionic surfactant comprises at least one of the following compounds: alkyl sulfate, alkyl ether sulfate, alkylaryl sulfate, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl ether sulfonate, alkylaryl sulfonate, alkyl carboxylate, alkyl ether carboxylate, alkylaryl carboxylate.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the non-ionic surfactant comprises an alkyl chain whose number of carbon atoms is between 8 and 16, advantageously the non-ionic surfactant comprises at least one of the following compounds: a fatty alcohol, polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl, polyoxypropylene glycol alkyl, alkyl phenol ether, alkyl glucoside, alkyl polyglucoside.

[0030] According to one embodiment, the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant comprises an alkyl group whose number of carbon atoms is between 8 and 18, advantageously the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant comprises at least one of the compounds chosen from: betaine, sulfobetaine, aminoxide, hydroxysultaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine.

[0031] According to one embodiment, the calcium salt comprises at least one of the following salts: calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, a calcium carboxylate, for example calcium formate.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the calcium salt is present in the foaming composition at a mass concentration of between 0.1% and 2%, advantageously between 0.1% and 1.5%, even more advantageously between 0.1% and 1%.

[0033] The invention also relates to a use of the foaming composition according to the present invention for extinguishing a fire, the use comprising the circulation of water in a pipe, and the suction by venturi or by means of a pump, of the foaming composition in order to dilute said composition in the water circulating in the pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0034] The present invention relates to a fire-fighting foaming composition. In particular, the present invention relates to a fire-fighting foaming composition whose viscosity is controlled.

[0035] In particular, the present invention relates to a fire-fighting foaming composition which comprises:

[0036] - at least one surfactant;

[0037] - at least one polysaccharide, called main, having an average molecular weight greater than 300,000 Dalton and advantageously less than 6,000,000 Dalton;

[0038] - an additional compound which comprises at least one of the following compounds:

[0039] a) a polysaccharide, called secondary;

[0040] b) a water-soluble protein;

[0041] the additional compound having a viscosity less than or equal to 35 mPa.s, advantageously less than or equal to 30 mPa.s, even more advantageously less than or equal to 20 mPa.s, at 375 s 1 when it is dissolved in the foaming composition devoid of said additional compound, at 20°C;

[0042] - a calcium salt soluble in aqueous solution, according to a mass percentage not zero, and less than 2%, advantageously between 0.1% and 1.5%, even more advantageously between 0.1% and 1%.

[0043] Whenever reference is made to a viscosity, it is a viscosity measured using a rheometer viscometer (cone-plane) at 375 s 1 and according to European standard EN1568-3 and EN1568-4.

[0044] Furthermore, all the contents or proportions of the different compositions are given as mass percentages relative to the total mass of the compositions considered.

[0045] The fire-fighting foaming composition according to the present invention is a concentrated aqueous solution. In particular, it is understood, without it being necessary to specify it, that the fire-fighting foaming composition may comprise an organic solvent miscible in water. Among the solvents of interest, mention may therefore be made of glycols, glycol ethers and C1-C8 alkanols.

[0046] Furthermore, by “fire-fighting foaming composition” is meant a composition capable of forming a foam, by dilution in water.

[0047] The fire-fighting foaming composition may be free of fluorinated compounds.

[0048] The at least one surfactant may comprise a single surfactant or a mixture of surfactants.

[0049] In particular, the at least one surfactant may comprise an amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant. In this regard, the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant may comprise an alkyl group whose number of carbon atoms is between 8 and 18. Advantageously, the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant may comprise at least one of the compounds chosen from: betaine, sulfobetaine, aminoxide, hydroxysultaine, coca-midopropyl hydroxysultaine.

[0050] The at least one surfactant may comprise an anionic surfactant. In particular, the anionic surfactant may comprise an alkyl or alkylaryl chain whose number of carbon atoms is between 8 and 18. Advantageously, the anionic surfactant may comprise at least one of the following compounds: alkyl sulfate, alkyl ether sulfate, alkylaryl sulfate, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl ether sulfonate, alkylaryl sulfonate, alkyl carboxylate, alkyl ether carboxylate, alkylaryl carboxylate.

[0051] The at least one surfactant may also comprise a non-ionic surfactant.

[0052] The non-ionic surfactant may in particular comprise an alkyl chain whose number of carbon atoms is between 8 and 16. Advantageously, the non-ionic surfactant may comprise at least one of the following compounds: a fatty alcohol, polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl, polyoxypropylene glycol alkyl, alkyl phenol ether, alkyl glucoside, alkyl polyglucoside.

[0053] It is understood that the at least one surfactant may comprise a mixture of surfactants chosen from the aforementioned surfactants.

[0054] The foaming composition according to the present invention also comprises at least one polysaccharide, called main, having an average molecular weight greater than 300,000 Dalton and advantageously less than 6,000,000 Dalton.

[0055] This polysaccharide is notably used to stabilize the foam likely to be formed by the foaming composition.

[0056] The main polysaccharide may comprise at least one of the polysaccharides chosen from: xanthan gum, guar gum, diutan, starch, pectic acid, alginic acid, agar, rhamsam gum, welan gum, galactomannan, dextran, carob gum.

[0057] Furthermore, the main polysaccharide may be present in the foaming composition at a mass concentration of between 0.3% and 3%, advantageously of between 0.6% and 2.5%, even more advantageously of between 1% and 2%.

[0058] The foaming composition comprises an additional compound which comprises at least one of the following compounds:

[0059] a) a polysaccharide, called secondary;

[0060] b) a water-soluble protein;

[0061] the additional compound has a viscosity less than or equal to 35 mPa.s, advantageously less than or equal to 30 mPa.s, even more advantageously less than or equal to 20 mPa.s, at 375 s 1 when it is dissolved in the foaming composition devoid of said additional compound, at 20°C.

[0062] The secondary polysaccharide may comprise at least one of the polysaccharides chosen from: gum arabic, 2-hydroxy ethyl cellulose, hydrolyzed wheat gluten.

[0063] The water-soluble protein may comprise a plant protein or an animal protein.

[0064] For example, the water-soluble protein may comprise gluten.

[0065] Advantageously, the additional compound may be present in the foaming composition at a mass concentration between 0.5 times and 5 times greater than the mass concentration of the at least one main polysaccharide, advantageously at least equal to the mass concentration of the at least one main polysaccharide, even more advantageously between 2 times and 3 times greater than the mass concentration of the at least one main polysaccharide.

[0066] According to the present invention, the additional compound is associated with a calcium salt soluble in aqueous solution. In particular, the calcium salt is present in a non-zero mass percentage, and less than 2%, advantageously between 0.1% and 1.5%, even more advantageously between 0.1% and 1%.

[0067] It will be clear from the examples described in the remainder of the statement of the present invention that the combined effect on the viscosity of the fire-fighting foaming composition of the calcium salt and the additional compound is greater than the sum of the effects of these two species taken individually. In particular, both the calcium salt and the additional compound contribute to a reduction in the viscosity of the fire-fighting foaming composition. However, the reduction in viscosity of the foaming composition when these two compounds are added to said composition is much greater than the sum of the reductions in viscosity of these two compounds taken individually.

[0068] Advantageously, the calcium salt may comprise at least one of the following salts: calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, a calcium carboxylate, for example calcium formate.

[0069] Still advantageously, the calcium salt may be present in the foaming composition at a mass concentration of between 0.1% and 2%, advantageously of between 0.1% and 1.5%, even more advantageously of between 0.1% and 1%.

[0070] Table 1, given below, represents different examples making it possible to illustrate the combined effect of the calcium salt and the additional compound on the viscosity of a fire-fighting foaming composition. The proportions are given in mass percentages, and the viscosity (last line) in mPa.s at 375 s 1 and at 20°C. In particular, the viscosity is measured using a rheometer viscometer (cone-plate) at 375 s 1 and according to European standards EN1568-3 and EN1568-4.

[0071] Examples 1 to 8 given in Table 1 are intended to demonstrate the combined effect of the secondary polysaccharide / protein and the calcium salt.

[0072] Examples 1 and 2, which do not include the secondary polysaccharide / protein or the calcium salt, are given for comparison purposes.

[0073] In this regard, the viscosities of the foaming compositions of Examples 1 and 2 are, respectively, 167.5 mPa.s, and 209.6 mPa.s.

[0074] Example 3 repeats the composition of Example 2 and in which gum arabic, as a secondary polysaccharide, has been added.

[0075] The effect of gum arabic makes it possible to slightly lower the viscosity of the foaming composition of example 3.

[0076] Equivalently, Example 4 repeats the composition of Example 2 and in which calcium chloride, as calcium salt, has been added.

[0077] The effect of calcium chloride makes it possible to slightly lower the viscosity of the foaming composition of Example 4.

[0078] Example 5 uses the composition of Example 2 and in which gum arabic and calcium chloride have been added. In this example, the viscosity is at least half that obtained in Examples 1 and 2, demonstrating a synergistic effect between gum arabic and calcium chloride.

[0079] The analysis of example 7 allows the same conclusions to be drawn.

[0080] Examples 6 and 8 consider calcium formate instead of calcium chloride. These two examples are also associated with relatively low viscosities compared to Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

[0081] The results associated with these examples allow us to conclude that there is a synergistic effect between the secondary polysaccharide and the calcium salt.

[0082] Table 1: Composition 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Water 78.1 5 77.2 5 73.2 5 76.75 73.65 73.65 72.75 72.75 Preservative 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Surfactant C8-C10 Sodium alkyl sulfate 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Cocamidopropyl betaine 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Cocamidopropyl hydroxy sultaine 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 C8-C16 alkyl polyglucoside 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 Solvent 2-(2butoxyethoxy)ethanol 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 Polyethylene glycol 400 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Main polysaccharide Polyglyceryl-2-isopropyl acrylate Xanthan 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Guar Gum 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 Secondary Polysaccharide / Protein Gum Arabic 4 4 4 4 4 Calcium Salts Calcium Chloride 0.5 0.5 0.5 Calcium Formate 0.5 0.5 Viscosity at 375s 1 at 20°C 167.5 209.6 206.9 199.9 93.4 132.9 137.2 128.2

[0083] Furthermore, the inventors have noted that compositions 1 to 8 are stable for at least 10 days at 60°C in accordance with standard EN1568-3.

[0084] Foaming compositions 2 and 8 were diluted to 3% by volume with tap water in order to check the quality of the foams obtained with a UNI86 lance according to standard EN1568-3. The results are given in Table 2 below.

[0085] Table 2: Composition 2 8 Expansion 8.4 8.3 Drainage 25% (in 11.80 12.63 minutes)

[0086] According to the results given in Table 2, the addition of a second polysaccharide and calcium salt does not deteriorate the quality of the foam formed by the concentrates after dilution.

[0087] The inventors also tested different secondary polysaccharides / proteins on the viscosity of the composition. In particular, in order to establish a determining criterion with regard to the effect of the secondary polysaccharide / protein, the inventors considered compositions 2 and 8 of Table 1 (and reproduced in Table 3) as well as compositions 8, 10, 11.

[0088] In this Table 3, each composition differs from the other compositions only by the nature of the secondary polysaccharide / protein. Composition 2 is for its part devoid of calcium salt, while compositions 8 to 11 comprise 0.5% by mass of calcium formate.

[0089] The penultimate line of Table 3 gives the viscosity of each of compositions 2 and 8 to 11. As expected, composition 2, given for comparison, has a viscosity greater than 200 mPa.s.

[0090] Compositions 8 to 10 have a relatively low viscosity (less than 130 mPa.s, or even less than 120 mPa.s), while composition 11 has a viscosity of the order of 240 mPa.s.

[0091] In order to understand this effect, the inventors undertook to measure the viscosity of compositions containing compositions 8 to 11 but lacking the main polysaccharide. These viscosities are given in the last line of Table 3. Compositions 8 to 10 lacking the main polysaccharide have a viscosity of less than 35 mPa.s, advantageously less than 30 mPa.s, even more advantageously less than 20 mPa.s, still more advantageously less than 10 mPa.s, while composition 11 lacking the main polysaccharide has a viscosity of the order of 56 mPa.s.

[0092] Based on these results, the inventors have established that the secondary polysaccharide must be chosen so that the composition comprising it, and when it is devoid of the main polysaccharide, must have a viscosity of less than 35 mPa.s, advantageously less than 30 mPa.s, even more advantageously less than 20 mPa.s, still more advantageously less than 10 mPa.s.

[0093] Table 3: Composition 2 8 9 10 11 Water 77.25 72.75 72.75 72.75 72.75 Preservative 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Surfactant C8-C10 Sodium alkyl sulfate 2 2 2 2 2 Cocamidopropyl betaine 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Cocamidopropyl hydroxy sultaine 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 C8-C16 alkylpolyglucoside 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 2-(2butoxyethoxy)eth anol 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 Polyethylene glycol 400 7 7 7 7 7 Main polysaccharide Xanthan gum 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Guar gum 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 Secondary polysaccharide / protein Gum arabic 4 Hydroxypropyl starch 4 Hydrolyzed wheat gluten 4 Carboxymethyl cellulose 4 Calcium salt Calcium formate 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Viscosity at 375s-1 at 20°C 209.6 128.2 101.5 121.0 241.6 Viscosity at 375s-1 without the first polysaccharide NA 4.5 5.7 6.8 56.8

[0094] The results given in Table 4 below also demonstrate that the established criteria do not depend on the nature of the main polysaccharide.

[0095] Table 4: Composition 12 13 14 15 Water 85.7 83.7 85.45 83.45 Surfactant C12-C14 alkyl triethanolamine sulfate 2 2 2 2 cocamidopropyl betaine 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 2-(2butoxyethoxy)ethanol 10 10 10 10 Primary polysaccharide Guar gum 2 2 2 2 Secondary polysaccharide Gum arabic 2 2 Calcium salt Calcium formate 0.25 0.25 Viscosity at 375s 1 at 20°C 290.7 177.5 161.9 2 102.0

[0096] Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and variant embodiments can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

Claims

Claims

1. Fire-fighting foaming composition which comprises: - at least one surfactant; - at least one polysaccharide, called the main polysaccharide, having an average molecular weight greater than 300,000 Dalton and advantageously less than 6,000,000 Dalton; - an additional compound which comprises at least one of the following compounds: a) a polysaccharide, called the secondary polysaccharide; b) a water-soluble protein; the additional compound having a viscosity less than or equal to 35 mPa.s, advantageously less than or equal to 30 mPa.s, even more advantageously less than or equal to 20 mPa.s, at 375 s 1 when it is dissolved in the foaming composition devoid of said additional compound, at 20°C; - a calcium salt soluble in aqueous solution, according to a non-zero mass percentage, and less than 2%, advantageously between 0.1% and 1.5%, even more advantageously between 0.1% and 1%.

2. A foaming composition according to claim 1, wherein said composition is free of fluorinated compounds.

3. A foaming composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the main polysaccharide comprises at least one of the polysaccharides selected from: xanthan gum, guar gum, diutan, starch, pectic acid, alginic acid, agar, rhamsam gum, welan gum, galactomannan, dextran, locust bean gum.

4. Foaming composition according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which the main polysaccharide is present in the foaming composition at a mass concentration of between 0.3% and 3%, advantageously of between 0.6% and 2.5%, even more advantageously of between 1% and 2%.

5. Foaming composition according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which the secondary polysaccharide comprises at least one of the polysaccharides chosen from: gum arabic, 2-hydroxy ethyl cellulose.

6. A foaming composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the water-soluble protein comprises a plant protein or an animal protein.

7. A foaming composition according to claim 6, wherein the water-soluble protein includes gluten.

8. Foaming composition according to one of claims 1 to 7, in which the additional compound is present in the foaming composition at a mass concentration between 0.5 times and 5 times greater than the mass concentration of the at least one main polysaccharide, advantageously at least equal to the mass concentration of the at least one main polysaccharide, even more advantageously between 2 times and 3 times greater than the mass concentration of the at least one main polysaccharide.

9. Foaming composition according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which the at least one surfactant comprises: - an anionic surfactant; - a non-ionic surfactant; - an amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant.

10. Foaming composition according to claim 9, in which the anionic surfactant comprises an alkyl or alkylaryl chain whose number of carbon atoms is between 8 and 18, advantageously the anionic surfactant comprises at least one of the following compounds: alkyl sulfate, alkyl ether sulfate, alkylaryl sulfate, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl ether sulfonate, alkylaryl sulfonate, alkyl carboxylate, alkyl ether carboxylate, alkylaryl carboxylate.

11. Foaming composition according to claim 9 or 10, in which the non-ionic surfactant comprises an alkyl chain whose number of carbon atoms is between 8 and 16, advantageously the non-ionic surfactant comprises at least one of the following compounds: a fatty alcohol, polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl, polyoxypropylene glycol alkyl, alkyl phenol ether, alkyl glucoside, alkyl polyglucoside.

12. Foaming composition according to one of claims 9 to 11, in which the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant comprises an alkyl group whose number of carbon atoms is between 8 and 18, advantageously the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant comprises at least one of the compounds chosen from: betaine, sulfobetaine, aminoxide, hydroxysultaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine.

13. A foaming composition according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the calcium salt comprises at least one of the following salts: calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, a calcium carboxylate, e.g. calcium formate.

14. Foaming composition according to one of claims 1 to 13, in which the calcium salt is present in the foaming composition at a mass concentration of between 0.1% and 2%, advantageously of between 0.1% and 1.5%, even more advantageously of between 0.1% and 1%.

15. Use of the foaming composition according to one of claims 1 to 14 for extinguishing a fire, the use comprising the circulation of water in a pipe, and the suction by venturi or by means of a pump, of the foaming composition in order to dilute said composition in the water circulating in the pipe.