Fish farming installation comprising a central area intended for fish farming, and corresponding fish farming process

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fish farming installation comprising a central space, at least one annular basin (12) provided around said central space, and means for generating a flow of water flowing in said annular basin (12) at a velocity V. The central space of this installation accommodates a central fish farming basin (11), and the installation includes means for generating a flow of water flowing in said central basin (11) at a velocity v lower than said velocity V.

Description

Title of the invention: Fish farming installation comprising a central area for fish farming, and corresponding fish farming method. Technical field

[0001] The field of the invention is that of off-site fish farming installations. Off-site installations are understood to be installations built on land and not in a marine, riverine or lake or pond environment.

[0002] More specifically, the invention relates to a fish farming installation of the type comprising at least one annular tank through which a flow of water circulates, intended to house fish for their development. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a fish farming method employing such an installation. Prior art

[0003] Such off-site fish farming installations consist of one or more annular tanks in which the water flow is intended to replicate natural fish living conditions. The system may be closed-loop or recirculating, and therefore include water treatment. The central space delimited by this or these annular tanks is generally used to house technical equipment such as motors or pumps. This space may also be used to house water treatment equipment for purifying the water used in the annular tanks. EP2996465B1 describes such a fish farming installation and its implementation.

[0004] Such a configuration in which the central space is dedicated to water treatment means has the advantage of reducing the bulk of the installations and minimizing the lengths of pipes connecting the annular basin(s) and such water treatment means.

[0005] One drawback of this type of installation is that it can only accommodate fish large enough to benefit from the conditions in the annular tank(s). In these tanks, the water flows in powerful, homogeneous currents, reproducing the current conditions encountered by fish in their natural environment. However, in nature, fry and young fish require areas with no current or weak currents suitable for their initial growth phase. Since such conditions are not present in the annular tanks of prior art fish farming installations, fish can only be introduced after reaching a certain size. Therefore, they must first be raised in separate tanks with no current or weak currents during a pre-growing phase. The water flows slowly before being transferred to the annular basins for a growth phase. This constraint necessitates the construction of separate basins at a distance from the annular basins. These separate basins entail additional civil engineering costs.

[0006] Separating the pre-growing and growth stages also requires transporting the fish from the pre-growing tanks to the ring tanks. This transport stage can be very stressful for the fish and thus impact their growth rate.

[0007] Another disadvantage of this type of prior art installation results from the fact that the water treatment means provided in the central space are in the immediate vicinity of the annular basins and can accidentally communicate directly with them, which can under certain conditions cause pollution of the water present in the annular basins. Objectives of the invention

[0008] The objective of the invention is to propose a fish farming installation that enhances the prior advantages and overcomes at least some of the disadvantages described above of prior art installations.

[0009] Thus, an objective of the invention is to propose such an installation whose construction requires less civil engineering work and which is therefore advantageous for small or medium-sized fish farms and more suitable for pre-growing and growing fish.

[0010] Another objective of the present invention is to describe such an installation which is adapted to accommodate both fish in the pre-fattening phase and fish in the growth phase.

[0011] Yet another objective of the present invention is to disclose an installation that improves the welfare of fish by limiting their stress.

[0012] Finally, an objective of the present invention is to disclose a fish farming method implementing such an installation. Presentation of the invention

[0013] These objectives, as well as others that will appear subsequently, are achieved using a fish farming installation comprising a central space, at least one annular basin provided around the central space, and means for generating a flow of water flowing in said at least one annular basin at a velocity V. The installation is characterized in that the central space accommodates a central fish farming basin and in that it includes means for generating a flow of water flowing in said central basin at a velocity v lower than said velocity V.

[0014] Thus, the installation according to the invention is compact, optimized and more advantageous, particularly for medium to small-sized fish farms.

[0015] Indeed, such an installation is simpler than many large prior art fish farming installations and can be built using fewer components. Moreover, some of these components can be supplied in prefabricated form. An installation that is at least partially prefabricated thus reduces the amount of civil engineering work required on site and considerably decreases the construction time and cost.

[0016] The use of the central space as a fish farming basin makes it possible to obtain a similar water level between the different basins, thus reducing the mechanical stresses on the walls, and facilitating the management of flows with a single pumping group.

[0017] Thus, with such a central space, the piping is reduced and simplified. Consequently, manufacturing costs and time are reduced. Furthermore, implementation costs are also reduced due to the optimization / reduction of pressure losses.

[0018] Furthermore, by minimizing the distance between the pond where the fish are brought to a sufficient size for transfer and the fish farm where they will continue to grow, this installation improves animal welfare by limiting the distances and transfer times that can be stressful for the fish. Thus, fish growth is optimized.

[0019] This improvement is also made possible by the distribution of water current speeds which is adapted to the size of the different fish, and is therefore closer to natural conditions.

[0020] Thus, the central basin is advantageously dedicated to the pre-growing of fish, and preferentially presents a low density of fish adapted to such an application.

[0021] Furthermore, by combining such a central basin with one (or more) annular basin(s), the architecture of the installation makes it possible to optimize the pressure losses of the network.

[0022] According to one variant of the invention, the central basin includes mobile means for concentrating fish within a part of the central basin.

[0023] These mobile fish concentration devices thus make it possible to group or concentrate the fish in a section of the central tank. These mobile concentration devices therefore simplify and reduce the handling of the fish, in order to transfer them subsequently to another fish farming tank. Thus, the present invention optimizes fish growth by improving animal welfare and reducing fish stress.

[0024] Preferably, the mobile concentration means comprise a vertical hinged grid having at least two leaves allowing at least one sector of variable size to be defined within the central basin.

[0025] According to a preferred feature of the invention, the central basin is cylindrical, and said hinged grid is pivotally mounted around the axis of said central basin, said sector being a circular sector, a pivoting of at least one of the leaves around said axis varying the size of the sector.

[0026] Thus, this grid with at least two vertical leaves allows, by bringing them closer together, the concentration of fish without generating stress, in order to facilitate their subsequent transfer to another fish farming pond.

[0027] In addition, this grid can also be used to define several circular sectors in order to separate different batches of fish in each sector of the central basin.

[0028] This grid with at least two leaves allows for simplified and optimized handling of fish within the central tank. Furthermore, such a grid is suitable for small to medium-sized farms, since it can be easily operated by a human operator or automated by motorization.

[0029] Advantageously, the concentration means comprise bars spaced at intervals imposed by at least one rack having indentations to accommodate the bars. Preferably, the spacing between these bars is between 5 and 60 mm

[0030] Thus, such a rack makes it possible to maintain a given spacing between the bars of the concentrating means. It is also designed to accommodate bars of different cross-sections. Furthermore, a first rack can be replaced by a second rack (with a different indentation) in order to modify the bar spacing or to retain bars whose cross-section has changed. Therefore, the concentrating means are adaptable to a wide variety of fish species of different sizes. In addition, optimizing the bar spacing helps to limit pressure losses. In particular, these concentrating means are optimized using at least one rack to achieve a void ratio of at least 50%.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the installation includes means for transferring fish from the central basin to said at least one annular basin.

[0032] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the transfer means comprise at least one trapdoor in the wall of the central basin, through which the fish can pass.

[0033] Thus, the use of a trapdoor as a means of transfer between the central basin and said at least one annular basin, makes it possible to limit the stress of the fish, since no pump is implemented.

[0034] Furthermore, by combining such a trap with fish concentration means, the fish are easily guided towards the trap, without generating stress.

[0035] Finally, the simple operation of such a trap is much less energy-intensive than the implementation of a pumping step, thus allowing a reduction in the implementation costs of the installation.

[0036] According to a variant of the invention, said at least one annular basin is equipped with essentially vertical and movable transverse grids in translation within said annular basin and removable, delimiting at least one section within said annular basin.

[0037] The mobility of the transverse grids within the annular tank(s) allows the batches of fish to be moved as needed simply by moving the grids. These grids thus define sections of the annular tank, each section capable of holding a batch of fish. The mobility of these grids also allows the volume of a section to be adapted to the size of the fish in the corresponding batch. This configuration therefore reduces stress on the fish by minimizing their handling. Indeed, the installation does not require the use of hatches within the transverse grids to transfer fish from one section to another, since the volume of the tank section adapts to the fish's needs, thus reducing the cost of the grids and improving animal welfare.

[0038] In the case of installations of modest size, such grids are easily handled by operators. Thus, these grids can be easily moved manually or by lifting and handling means, but they can also be equipped with automation systems, allowing for simplified handling.

[0039] Furthermore, since the grids are removable, they can be easily taken out of the system for maintenance and / or cleaning, and then reinstalled in the tank, thus ensuring optimal system performance while maintaining consistent water quality. Moreover, this allows for an adaptable and variable configuration depending on the number of batches, the size of the fish, etc.

[0040] By "essentially vertical", it is meant that the grid has an angle between 0 and 45° with respect to the vertical.

[0041] Advantageously, said transverse grids consist of a set of at least two removable panels, the number of panels being able to depend on the height of the basin.

[0042] According to such a preferred feature, the height required for lifting the grids can be reduced, which, consequently, makes it possible to limit the height of the building housing the installation and thus the cost of its civil engineering. The character The fact that the panels are removable also makes it easier to install and remove these grids.

[0043] According to one embodiment, said at least two panels comprise a bottom panel and a top panel.

[0044] Thus, a grid is composed of two main horizontal panels, between which one or more optional intermediate panel(s) can be integrated, depending on the height of the installation. These panels are removable and facilitate the handling of the grids when inserting and removing them from an annular basin.

[0045] Advantageously, said transverse grids comprise bars spaced by at least one rack. Preferably, the spacing of the bars is a predetermined distance, between 5 and 60 mm.

[0046] Thus, such a rack makes it possible to maintain a given spacing between the bars of a panel of a transverse grid. Furthermore, a first rack can be replaced by a second rack (with a different indentation) in order to modify the bar spacing. Therefore, the transverse grids are adaptable to a wide variety of fish species of different sizes. Moreover, optimizing the bar spacing helps to limit pressure losses. In particular, these concentration methods are optimized using at least one rack to achieve a void ratio of at least 50%.

[0047] According to an advantageous variant, the installation includes means for cleaning the transverse grids.

[0048] These cleaning means make it possible to keep the grids clean by removing biological deposits in order to optimize the passage of water through them.

[0049] According to another advantageous variant, said transverse grids of said at least one annular basin and / or said mobile means of concentrating the central basin include means for cleaning, respectively, said at least one annular basin and / or said central basin.

[0050] Thus, a sequential cleaning step ensures optimal performance of the installation while maintaining consistent water quality. Indeed, these cleaning methods keep the annular basin and / or the central basin clean by removing any biological deposits on the walls and / or the bottom of the basin.

[0051] According to one variant of the invention, the installation includes water treatment means contiguous to said at least one annular basin.

[0052] The invention thus makes it possible to maintain a constant water quality, using optimized water treatment means. Furthermore, by locating water treatment facilities outside the aquaculture area, operating flows and costs are optimized.

[0053] Furthermore, the proximity of the treatment facilities to the fish farming ponds makes it possible to reduce the length of the water pipes and the size of the installation.

[0054] According to another variant of the invention, the installation includes water treatment means located away from said at least one annular basin.

[0055] Furthermore, by positioning the water treatment facilities away from the fish farming ponds, the layout and footprint of the installation can be optimized. For example, the water treatment stages can be aligned along a building to facilitate waste disposal and reduce the need for ventilation ducts. In addition, this allows for greater flexibility in the placement of the water treatment equipment, and these treatment processes can be shared between several fish farming ponds.

[0056] The invention also relates to a fish farming method employing a fish farming installation as described above, the method comprising the following steps: - pre-growing of the fish in said central tank; - concentration of fish in a part of said central basin, using mobile means of concentration; - transfer of fish to an annular tank, using transfer means; - growth and / or maturation of fish in said annular tank.

[0057] Thus, the present invention incorporates a pre-growing stage adapted to young fish leaving quarantine. This stage optimizes fish growth by improving animal welfare and limiting stress through the distribution of water current speeds, which is adapted to the size of the different fish and is therefore closer to natural conditions.

[0058] Furthermore, the method and installation according to the invention are optimized and more advantageous, particularly for small to medium-sized fish farms. Using the central space as a fish farming tank allows for a similar water level between the different tanks, thus reducing mechanical stress on the walls and facilitating flow management with a single pumping unit. Consequently, with such a central space, the piping is reduced and simplified. As a result, manufacturing costs and time are reduced. In addition, implementation costs are also reduced due to optimized / reduced pressure losses.

[0059] Furthermore, by limiting the distances between fish farming ponds, this compact installation improves animal welfare by limiting transfers which can be stressful for the fish. Thus, fish growth is optimized.

[0060] Furthermore, by combining such a central basin with one (or more) annular basin(s), the architecture of the installation makes it possible to optimize the pressure losses of the network.

[0061] According to one embodiment of the invention, the process includes a continuous water treatment and recirculation step, implemented by water treatment means, and by at least one recirculation means.

[0062] Thus, continuous water treatment and recirculation make it possible to limit the water consumption of the installation, and to operate almost or totally in a closed loop, by treating almost all of the water and recirculating it in the fish farming ponds (pre-fattening and / or growth / maturation).

[0063] Moreover, such a treatment step allows for more suitable and optimized management of water treatment for fish farming.

[0064] Finally, such a water treatment step makes it possible to maintain a constant water quality throughout the pre-growing and growth / maturation cycles, using optimized water treatment means.

[0065] According to one embodiment of the invention, the fish farming process comprises the following additional steps: - insertion of at least two essentially vertical, translationally mobile and removable transverse grids in said annular basin, defining a section of said annular basin; - said transfer of fish taking place between said central basin and said section of said annular basin; - translation, in said annular basin, of said at least two transverse grids, during the growth and / or maturation of the batch of fish within said section; - removal of at least one of the said at least two transverse grids, after transfer of the batch of fish at the end of a growth cycle to the outside of said annular basin.

[0066] Depending on the species of fish and its size, the batch of fish can continue its growth cycle in one or more annular tanks.

[0067] Thus, the process according to the invention makes it possible to limit stress on the fish by limiting transfers, in particular transfers between sections. As a result, animal welfare is improved, fish growth is optimized, and the quality of the finished product is enhanced.

[0068] In addition, removing the grids at the end of the route makes it easier to clean them, maintain them or replace them if necessary.

[0069] Finally, the management of fish batches is facilitated since each batch of fish is delimited by two transverse grids, known as sectioning grids, during a growth / maturation cycle. The translation of the grids thus allows for simple and rapid management of the different batches of fish within an annular tank.

[0070] By "growth cycle" is meant a complete cycle within an annular tank, during which the batch of fish has reached an adult or intermediate size.

[0071] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the removal of at least one of said at least two grids includes a disassembly of at least two horizontal panels constituting at least in part said at least one of said at least two grids.

[0072] Thus, the removal of a grid is facilitated. Indeed, the modular grid can therefore comprise a base panel and a top panel, possibly with one or more intermediate panels. Since these panels are removable, grid removal is easier and the lifting height is reduced, resulting in lower construction costs and easier handling.

[0073] Advantageously, subsequent to the removal of at least one of said at least two grids, the process includes cleaning said at least one of said at least two grids.

[0074] Thus, each removed grid can be cleaned to make it operational for insertion back into an annular basin. The cleaned grids can then be placed directly at the beginning of the path in the annular basin.

[0075] Preferably, said batch of fish remains in said section defined between two transverse grids during said growth cycle.

[0076] Thus, this optimizes fish growth by improving animal welfare and limiting transfers between sections via hatches, for example. Finally, the absence of hatches within the grids reduces the cost of these grids.

[0077] According to a variant of the invention, the step of transferring the batch of fish into said section of the annular tank includes opening a hatch in the wall of the central tank included in the part delimited by the concentration means, for the transfer of the fish to said annular tank.

[0078] Thus, mobile concentration devices simplify and limit the handling of fish, enabling their subsequent transfer to another fish farming tank. The present invention therefore optimizes fish growth by improving animal welfare and reducing stress.

[0079] In addition, the use of a trapdoor as a means of transfer between the central basin and said at least one annular basin also helps to limit the stress on the fish, since no pump is used.

[0080] Preferably, the section of said annular basin defined by said at least two grids is of variable size, the distance between said at least two grids being able to vary according to the size and species of the fish of said batch.

[0081] Thus, the mobility of the grids and the variability of the section size allow for simplified and optimized management of different batches of fish. Each section can therefore be continuously adapted to the size and development of the fish. Furthermore, such a process can be used for many different fish species since it is fully adaptable.

[0082] Advantageously, the process includes a step of configuring said concentration means, these comprising bars whose section and spacing are adapted to the size and species of the batch of fish.

[0083] Thus, the configuration of the grids allows them to be adapted to any type of fish, and to any desired application, while optimizing the pressure losses due to the grids.

[0084] Thus, such a process can be used for many different species of fish.

[0085] Preferably, said configuration step of said concentration means includes a step of spacing said bars by a predetermined distance, between 5 and 60 mm.

[0086] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the step of spacing said bars of said concentration means includes fixing at least one rack on said bars, said at least one rack being placed perpendicular to said bars and having indentations to accommodate said bars.

[0087] Advantageously, the method includes a step of configuring said at least two transverse grids, these comprising bars whose section and spacing are adapted to the size and species of the batch of fish.

[0088] Thus, the configuration of the transverse grids allows them to be adapted to any type of fish and any desired application, while optimizing pressure losses due to the grids. Therefore, such a process can be used for many different fish species since it is fully adaptable.

[0089] Preferably, said configuration step of said at least two transverse grids includes a spacing step of said bars of said grids allowing, for each grid, the spacing between the bars of the latter to be adjusted so that its bars are spaced apart from each other according to a predetermined distance, between 5 and 60 mm.

[0090] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the step of spacing said bars of said at least two transverse grids includes fixing at least one rack on said bars, said at least one rack being placed perpendicular to said bars and having indentations to accommodate said bars.

[0091] According to a preferred embodiment, the method includes a sequential step of cleaning said at least one annular basin, using said cleaning means positioned in the lower part and / or on each side of said at least two grids.

[0092] Thus, such a cleaning step, performed during the movement of the transverse grids, ensures optimal performance of the installation while maintaining consistent water quality. Indeed, these cleaning methods keep the annular basin clean by removing any biological deposits on the walls and / or the bottom of the basin.

[0093] According to another preferred embodiment, the process includes a sequential step of cleaning said central basin, using said cleaning means positioned on the concentration means.

[0094] Thus, such a cleaning step, carried out during the relocation of the concentration devices, ensures optimal performance of the installation while promoting the maintenance of consistent water quality. Indeed, these cleaning devices keep the central basin clean by removing any biological deposits on the walls and / or bottom. Presentation of the figures

[0095] Other features and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading the following description of a preferred embodiment, given by way of simple illustrative and non-limiting example and described with reference to the following drawing:

[0096] Fig. 1 represents a 3D view of fish farming ponds according to an example of an embodiment of the invention.

[0097] Fig. 2 represents a fish farming installation comprising fish farming ponds and water treatment means, according to an example of an embodiment.

[0098] Fig. 3 represents a fish farming installation comprising fish farming ponds and water treatment means, according to another embodiment.

[0099] Fig. 4 represents fish concentration means implemented in the central basin, according to an example of an embodiment.

[0100] Fig. 5 represents fish concentration means implemented in the central basin, as well as means of transferring fish to the outside of the central basin, according to an example of an embodiment.

[0101] Fig. 6 represents means of concentrating fish, according to another embodiment.

[0102] Fig. 7 represents an annular basin grid, according to an example of an embodiment.

[0103] Figure 8 shows an exploded view of an annular basin grid, according to a example of a project.

[0104] Fig. 9 represents cleaning means according to an example embodiment.

[0105] Fig. 10 represents means of spacing the bars of a grid, according to an example of an embodiment.

[0106] Fig. 11 represents means of spacing the bars of a grid, according to a complement to the previous embodiment example. Detailed description of the invention

[0107] 1. General description

[0108] The present invention relates to a fish farming installation comprising a central space, one or more annular tanks around the central space, and means for generating at least two water flows with different velocities. According to the invention, said central space comprises a fish farming tank.

[0109] In relation to [Fig. 1], an example of a fish farming tank configuration is presented. The fish farming tank assembly (10) comprises a central space, which may be cylindrical, and two annular tanks (12) surrounding the central space. Furthermore, according to this example, the annular tanks can be divided into several sections using transverse, vertical, or inclined sectioning grids (13) at an angle of 0 to 45° to the vertical, and thus positioned across the flow at an angle of between 45 and 90° to the water flow. These grids thus allow the separation of different batches of fish, for example, those at different growth stages.

[0110] According to a preferred feature of the invention, the water circulation velocity in the central basin (11) and each annular basin (12) is individually independent. Thus, each basin can have a water circulation flow adapted to different batches of fish. According to the invention, the velocity of the water flow in the central basin, denoted v, is lower than the velocity(s) of the water flow(s) in the annular basin(s), denoted Vb ... VN. Thus, the distribution of velocities can be adapted to the different growth stages of the fish. The central basin can therefore accommodate young fish in their first growth phase. The velocity v will thus be adapted to correspond to the low velocities sought by young fish during this growth phase when they are in their natural environment. The velocities Vj, ...The natural velocity (VN) of the peripheral basins will be higher, corresponding to the velocity levels appreciated by adult fish in their natural environment.

[0111] The installation therefore improves animal welfare by reproducing conditions that more closely resemble natural conditions. The flow of water or its velocity within each pool can be controlled and adjusted. preferably using at least one internal circulator or a variable speed pump.

[0112] Furthermore, each tank is equipped with at least one water inlet and at least one water outlet, or an outlet common to all the tanks (25), as illustrated in the examples in [Fig. 2] and [Fig. 3]. Thus, at the outlet of the fish farming tanks, for a closed-loop system, the water is treated before being reinjected at the tank inlet. The water flow within the tanks is thus generated using one or more pumping systems connected to the water treatment means. Moreover, as illustrated by [Fig. 2] and [Fig. 3], this water treatment step is carried out by water treatment means (20) external to the fish farming tanks (10).

[0113] The installation according to the invention is preferably intended for medium to small-scale production. This makes it possible to re-establish short supply chains, with a greater number of small installations distributed as close as possible to consumption areas in order to minimize environmental impact and transport costs.

[0114] To meet the constraints of small-scale farms, the installation can be constructed, at least in part, from prefabricated elements. Indeed, using the central space as a fish farming tank reduces the mechanical stresses applied to the wall between the central space and the annular tank(s) due to the similar water levels. Furthermore, this configuration simplifies flow management.

[0115] Thus, the use of prefabricated materials such as metal, wood, concrete, organic resin-reinforced fiberglass panels or any other material that can be prefabricated avoids civil engineering work on site and considerably reduces construction time.

[0116] The installation is therefore compact and economical. It is also easy, quick, and inexpensive to install. Finally, it improves animal welfare, thereby optimizing fish growth and improving the quality of the finished product.

[0117] 2. Central space and central basin (11)

[0118] The central space according to the invention comprises a fish farming tank (11), in which a water flow is generated by an external pumping loop and / or an internal variable-speed circulator. This central space is surrounded by one or more annular tank(s).

[0119] The central tank is preferentially intended for the pre-growing stage of young fish. Thus, the water current and fish density are moderated within this tank, in order to be suitable for young fish coming out of quarantine.

[0120] According to a preferred embodiment, the central basin has means for concentrating the fish in a part of the central basin, in order to facilitate their subsequent transfer to other basins.

[0121] According to a first example, mobile fish concentration means can take the form of a system of vertical grid(s), forming several sections within the central basin. Thus, [Fig.4] and [Fig.5] illustrate an example of fish concentration means (14) comprising a vertical grid hinged with two vertical leaves (or vertical panels) (141, 142) in a fan shape.

[0122] According to the example illustrated in [Fig. 4] and [Fig. 5], the concentrating means (14) may comprise a movable leaf (141) and a fixed leaf (142), attached to an axis (46). In this example, the axis (46) corresponds to the axis of the cylindrical central basin. The fixed leaf is therefore attached to the wall of the central basin at one end and to the central axis at the other end. The movable leaf, for its part, rotates around the central axis by means of a water-resistant bearing (49) and, at the other end, equipped with a roller (45), it rests either on the top of the wall of the central basin or on a peripheral track (47) running around the central basin.

[0123] The movable leaf can be motorized or operated manually by an operator using a handle (44).

[0124] The angle between the leaves can thus be reduced to concentrate the fish in a circular sector of variable size within the central tank, where transfer means are located. Therefore, such a concentration-transfer method, by reducing the space to direct the fish towards transfer means, is less stressful and traumatic for the fish compared to prior art methods involving a pumping step or any other type of transfer. It should be noted that this hinged, two-leaf vertical grid can be mounted in a removable manner, particularly to facilitate its potential repair or cleaning.

[0125] Furthermore, in order to prevent the passage of fish from one circular section to another within the central basin, flaps (or seals) (43) can be integrated into the frame (41) (or chassis) of the movable gate (141).

[0126] The movable leaf may also have means for oxygenating the water or injecting food supplements such as gas injection / distribution pipes (48).

[0127] Finally, the movable gate (141) may have washing / cleaning means for removing any biofilm that may have accumulated on the walls and / or the bottom of the central tank during aquaculture. Thus, the gate frame may have cleaning means, including:

[0128] - the flaps / seals (43) described previously in relation to [Fig.4], with or without a return system, they also allow for scraping the walls of the annular basin and removing any biofilm; and / or

[0129] - manual or motorized rotary brushes, positioned vertically to clean one of the pool walls, and / or positioned horizontally to clean the pool floor (or slab); and / or

[0130] - one or more pressurized water nozzle ramp(s).

[0131] It is also possible to implement a specific movable leaf on the cleaning, consisting of only a frame without bars and cleaning means as described above and illustrated by [Fig.9].

[0132] Furthermore, the installation according to the invention may include means for cleaning the concentration means, allowing them to be kept clean, by removing biological deposits in order to optimize the passage of water through them.

[0133] According to an example of implementation of the grids illustrated by [Fig.4] and [Fig.5], during the stay of the fish in the central tank until the time of transfer, the movable gate is in the "garage" position, then, during the transfer phase, the movable gate is brought closer to the fixed gate.

[0134] According to an alternative embodiment, a grid may have more than two movable and / or fixed vertical leaves (or vertical panels) rotating around a central axis at the center of the basin.

[0135] Thus, the use of several gates within the central tank can also allow for the separation of several groups of fish into different circular sectors. The rotation of the gates then allows for easy handling of each group while minimizing animal stress.

[0136] Each vertical grid leaf can be removed independently for washing or to adapt the configuration of the central tank to the number of batches of fish.

[0137] According to a second example, [Fig. 6] illustrates fish concentration methods using a horizontal grid. This grid can be moved vertically, and thus moves vertically from the bottom of the central tank upwards (and vice versa), thereby concentrating the fish in the upper or lower part of the central tank. The grid is therefore mobile and can also be removable to facilitate cleaning and thus ensure optimum fish farming conditions.

[0138] According to an alternative example, the grid shown in [Fig.6] can be replaced by a net.

[0139] Where the concentrating means are removable, they can be removed manually or with a lifting system. When using a monorail, or more generally a lifting system, a spreader beam can be used to remove them. Removable concentration devices. In this case, these removable concentration devices are equipped with lifting rings.

[0140] Concentration devices incorporating grids are preferably equipped with bars whose cross-section and spacing are designed to prevent fish from passing through the grid while maintaining a high void ratio to limit the pressure drop generated by the circulation of the fish swimming water. The spacing depends on the size and species of the fish. It is preferably between 5 and 60 mm. The void ratio will be as high as possible to limit the energy consumption of the installation and preferably greater than 50%, the void ratio being defined as the proportion of the space between the bars relative to the overall surface area of ​​a grid, this space being free of bars and thus allowing the free flow of water. The grid bars will advantageously be free of sharp edges so as not to injure the fish.

[0141] According to one embodiment, the bar spacing is managed by one or more racks, allowing this spacing to be modified by replacing the rack. An example of such a rack is illustrated in [Fig. 10] and [Fig. 11], in which the rack (17) consists of two parts, each comprising indentations preferably spaced regularly, thus defining the spacing of the grid bars (16). The size of the indentations is adapted to the cross-section of the selected bars. Each part of the rack is elongated and has a U-shaped cross-section, with indentations placed at the ends of each arm of the U. The bars are therefore placed in the indentations of the first part of the rack, and the second part of the rack can be added on top of the first part, above the bars, in order to space them at a regular distance and to hold the bars in place.Concentration methods in the form of hinged grids are therefore modular and can be adapted to a change of use (change of species or size of fish).

[0142] The grids obtained using the racks are illustrated by the example in [Fig. 4], where racks (17) are used to maintain the spacing between each bar of the bar assembly (42). These racks are placed perpendicular to the bars and are arranged at essentially regular intervals in order to maintain the spacing of the bars over their entire height.

[0143] Advantageously, the leaves may include supports to facilitate the attachment of flexible hoses.

[0144] As described above, fish concentration means are preferentially used in combination with transfer means.

[0145] Thus, the use of the central space as a fish farming basin allows for optimized transfers from the central basin to any section of the first annular basin without any pumping device. Indeed, given the contiguity of these basins, one or more hatches can easily be installed in the adjoining wall.

[0146] In relation to [Fig. 5], an example of a combination of concentration means (14) and transfer means is described. In this example, the concentration means gather the fish into an area comprising a trapdoor (51, 52) in the wall of the central space. This trapdoor has a generally vertical rectangular opening (51) and a sliding door (52) within a track (53), this door being operable manually or motorized. In the example illustrated by [Fig. 5], the concentration means consist of a grid with two leaves, one movable (141) and the other fixed (142). The movable leaf can be motorized or manually operated using a handle (44) to slide it along the circular track (47). The angle between the two leaves can thus be reduced, thereby creating a fish concentration zone.The fish thus concentrated are therefore made to pass through the opening (51) in the wall of the central space, in order to enter the first contiguous annular basin.

[0147] The representation of the fixed leaf (142) is simplified in the figure to allow illustration of the hatch; it will be understood that this fixed leaf includes bars over its entire surface.

[0148] Alternative methods for concentrating and transferring fish may use food or pheromones to attract fish, or waves, ultrasound, or a heating element to direct them to the desired area. Furthermore, if necessary, a fish pumping step may be implemented, for example, to sort the fish, but over a very short distance due to the proximity of the tanks, thus limiting the stress caused.

[0149] 3. Annular pelvis(s) (12)

[0150] The annular basin(s) are provided around the central space. This (or these) annular basin(s) are equipped with circulation devices to generate water velocity within the annular path. According to the invention, the water current is stronger in this basin than in the central one, in order to be suitable for growing fish.

[0151] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, each annular tank is equipped with at least one essentially vertical and transverse grid (or sectioning grid). These sectioning grids are essentially perpendicular to the water flow, at an angle preferably between 45° and 90°, and allow the separation of the different batches of fish present in the same annular tank. Thus, the number of sectioning grids depends on the number of batches of fish in the annular tank. These grids can be fixed, movable, and / or removable, manually or automatically.

[0152] The sectioning grids are preferentially translationally mobile. More precisely, the movement of the sectioning grids is akin to a translation in one direction at the scale of the channel formed by the annular basin in which they are located. However, in a particular example where the central space is cylindrical and the annular basins are concentric around the axis of the central space, the movement of the grids within the annular basin is more akin to a rotational movement around the axis of the central space, at the scale of the installation.

[0153] Thus, the mobility of the grids allows the batches of fish to be moved from the fish entry zone in the annular tank to the fish exit zone of this tank, simply by moving the grids. This also allows the volume of a section, defined between two consecutive movable grids, to be adapted to the size of the fish in the corresponding batch in order to maintain an optimal fish density. Therefore, such a configuration helps to limit stress on the fish by reducing their handling. Indeed, the installation does not require the use of hatches within the sectioning grids to transfer fish from one section to another, which reduces the cost of the grids and improves animal welfare.

[0154] According to a preferred configuration, in annular channel-shaped tanks, a batch of fish is delimited by a set of two sectioning grids. The space allocated to a batch of fish can be adjusted by the Operator to accommodate the fish growth during the rearing period. To this end, the grids can be continuously moved along the channel. As the rearing cycles progress, the batches of fish can move along the channel. When the batch reaches the end of the channel to move into another channel or to the purge tank, the grid is raised and moved to its starting position. During this operation, the grid can be cleaned of any impurities that may have adhered to it more thoroughly than if it were left in place in the channel.

[0155] According to a particular configuration, two removable, movable grids define a fish growth section throughout their growth cycle. At the end of the growth cycle, the two grids can be brought together to concentrate the fish and facilitate their removal by pumping, for example. Then, at least one of the two grids can be removed for washing and reintegrated into the installation at the fish entry point to create a new growth section. Section management is thus simplified since all the grids can rotate in the same direction, thereby avoiding backtracking. Furthermore, this reduces stress on the fish by minimizing transfers between sections via hatches (or other devices). Finally, the absence of hatches helps to reduce the cost of the grids.

[0156] Furthermore, the removable nature of the grates allows them to be removed from the annular basin for cleaning, maintenance, or replacement. This also allows them to be removed from the basins when fixed equipment, such as non-removable internal circulators, is located in the grates' path. In the case of removable internal circulators, the grates can be removed at the operator's discretion; otherwise, they continue their path within the channel. In all cases, the grates are preferentially moved in only one direction within a channel.

[0157] The mobility and removability of the grids allow for an adaptable and variable configuration depending on the number of batches, the size of the fish, etc.

[0158] Sectioning grids can be made of composite materials, stainless steel, or any other material. More generally, materials in contact with water are preferably food-grade. Furthermore, sectioning grids can be rigid, partially flexible, or fully flexible, in one or more interlocking sections, depending on the size of the fish farm. The grids can be made of vertical and / or horizontal bars and / or plates, and can also be combined with mesh and / or netting if these are locally available and cost-effective. They can be composed of one or more sections, depending on the available height above the tank for lifting or their weight in case of manual handling.

[0159] According to an example of an embodiment illustrated by [Fig.7] and [Fig.8], the sectioning grids (13) are modular and consist of a stack of one or more horizontal parts, called horizontal panels (131, 132, 133), these panels being more easily handled and able to be removed for cleaning or change if necessary.

[0160] Thus these annular basin grids can adapt to the water height of the basin, can be handled manually, limiting the height of the building required for their installation and removal.

[0161] A sectioning grid consists of at least a bottom panel (131) and a top panel (132). Depending on the water depth, one or more intermediate panels (133) are required. The panels are joined together by removable means (36).

[0162] In [Fig.7] and [Fig.8], the sectioning grids (13) are equipped with a single intermediate panel (133).

[0163] Each panel comprises a frame / chassis (31) supporting a set of bars (32), side flaps (33), and a lifting means. The bottom panel (131) further comprises two casters (35) and a flap (33) mounted on its lower part. on the chassis. The upper panel (132) is equipped with two casters (35) and handles (44).

[0164] Thus, the sectioning grids are equipped with bars whose cross-section and spacing are designed to prevent fish from passing through the grid while maintaining a high void ratio to limit the pressure loss generated by the circulation of the fish swimming water. The spacing can be adapted according to the size and species. It is between 5 and 60 mm. The void ratio will preferably be as high as possible to limit the energy consumption of the installation and advantageously greater than 50%. The grid bar will preferably be free of sharp edges so as not to injure the fish. Its cross-section can be selected as needed. According to one embodiment, the spacing of the bars is managed by one or more rack(s), which allows this spacing to be modified by replacing the rack. An example of such a rack is illustrated by [Fig. 10] and [Fig.

[11] , in which the rack (17) consists of two parts, each comprising regularly spaced indentations of a defined size, thus defining the spacing of the bars (16) of the grid. Each part of the rack is elongated and has a U-shaped cross-section, with the indentations located at the ends of each arm of the U. The bars are therefore placed in the indentations of the first part of the rack, and the second part of the rack can be added on top of the first part, above the bars, to space them at a regular distance and hold them in place. The size of the indentations is adapted to the cross-section of the bars. The sectioning grids are therefore modular and can adapt to a change in use (change of species or size of fish).

[0165] Grids in which the bar spacing is achieved using racks are illustrated by the examples in [Fig. 7] and [Fig. 8], where racks (17) are used to maintain the spacing between each bar of the bar assembly (32). These racks are placed perpendicular to the bars and are arranged at essentially regular intervals to maintain the bar spacing over their entire height.

[0166] Furthermore, the removal of dead fish can be facilitated by tilting the sectioning grid from the vertical at a permanent or temporary angle of 0 to 45° to push them upwards with the water flow. In addition, one or more gas injection pipes, possibly with quick-connect fittings (compressed air, etc.) (38), can be added to the lower part of the grids to lift the dead fish. Other pipes for injecting specific gases or liquids (oxygen, feed supplements, etc.) can be added to the lower part of the grids. preferably lower or at any other level of the grids in order to oxygenate the water in the pond, feed the fish, etc., on an occasional or continuous basis.

[0167] Advantageously, the grids may include supports to facilitate the attachment of flexible hoses.

[0168] As shown in [Fig. 7] and [Fig. 8], the grids are preferably held by rollers (35) or a trolley at the bottom of the grid, and / or supported by a rail (37) at the top above the water level to facilitate their movement for operators as much as possible. The grids can be moved manually using a handle (34) or a motorized device such as a geared motor, the grid being equipped with rollers (35) at the top which are positioned on a track (37) installed at the top of the basin. In addition, the rollers and the track also prevent friction with the basin slab (or floor) which could damage it.

[0169] According to one embodiment of the invention, the grids can be held in position in the basin by the action of their own weight.

[0170] Furthermore, to prevent mixing between different batches of growing fish, the grids can be fitted with rubber seals / flaps (33) to prevent fish from passing around the sides and underneath the grids. The rubber flaps may have a return mechanism and are positioned on the lateral sides as well as on the lower part of the grid frames to fill the gaps with the lateral surfaces and the bottom of the fish farming tanks.

[0171] These flaps provide clearance, allowing the grids to be positioned across the flow at an angle between 45 and 90° without altering the grid surface area. Furthermore, these flaps facilitate adjustment of the grid's inclination from 0 to 45° relative to the vertical, with the flaps compressing more or less depending on the angle of inclination.

[0172] For certain species of fish, the grids can also be fitted with screens in the upper part, above the water level, in order to prevent fish from jumping from one section to another.

[0173] Since walkways can be installed above the water to access the central basin and the grates, notches can be integrated into the walkways to facilitate the removal of the grates or parts thereof. Thus, several notches can be made on the walkway along the circumference of the basin. In the case of non-removable circulators, two notches may be required before and after the area where these circulators are installed to accommodate the grates.

[0174] The grids can be removed manually or with a mechanical lifting system. The mechanical handling means is preferably of the type A monorail equipped with a hoist and a manual trolley. In this case, all or part of the grid frames are equipped with lifting rings. In the case of modular sectioning grids (13), the horizontal panels (131, 132 and 133) are removable to facilitate grid removal. This reduces the lifting height, resulting in lower building costs and easier handling.

[0175] The removal of the sectioning grid (13) can be carried out in several stages: first the grid is partially raised, the upper part (132) is disassembled and removed, then the middle part (133) is raised and then disassembled from the lower part (131) which is then removed.

[0176] Furthermore, in order to remove any biofilm that may have accumulated on the walls and / or bottom of the annular tanks during aquaculture, the grid frame may have cleaning means, including:

[0177] - the mud flaps / seals (33) described previously in relation to [Fig.7] and [Fig.8] with or without a return system, allowing the walls of the annular basin to be scraped and any biofilm removed; and / or

[0178] - manual or motorized rotary brushes, positioned vertically on the at least one side of the grid to clean at least one of the pool walls, and / or positioned horizontally at the bottom of the grid to clean the pool floor (or slab); and / or

[0179] - one or more pressurized water nozzle ramp(s).

[0180] It is also possible to implement a sectioning grid specifically designed for cleaning, comprising only a frame without bars and cleaning means as described above. Figure 9 illustrates, for example, a frame comprising vertical rotating brushes (15) for cleaning the walls of an annular basin.

[0181] Thus, the grids contribute to maintaining the cleanliness of the wetted surface of the annular basin due to their sequential rotation / translation. The three sides in contact with the wetted surfaces of the annular basin can therefore be equipped with cleaning means (lap, brush) that can help to remove any biofilm that may have formed on the walls and / or the bottom of the annular basin.

[0182] Furthermore, the installation according to the invention may also include means for cleaning the sectioning grids, allowing them to be kept clean, by removing biological deposits in order to optimize the passage of water through them.

[0183] 4. Water treatment means (20)

[0184] The water treatment means, according to the invention, are positioned outside the fish farming ponds.

[0185] Depending on the type of surface available for development, the configuration of fish farming ponds and water treatment methods can be adapted.

[0186] Thus, according to an embodiment illustrated in [Fig. 2], the fish farming tanks (10) and the water treatment means (20) are contiguous, that is, located in a space adjacent to the tanks, to reduce the size and length of the water pipes. According to this embodiment, the water treatment means partially surround the outer annular tank.

[0187] According to another embodiment illustrated by [Fig. 3], the fish farming tanks (10) and the water treatment means (20) are separated. Thus, the water treatment stages can, for example, be carried out in equipment aligned along a building to facilitate waste removal and reduce the need for ventilation air ducts.

[0188] These two examples of embodiments allow for optimization of costs and the footprint of the installation.

[0189] Because water treatment can be installed around or completely outside of fish farming ponds, certain water treatment steps can be grouped together to further reduce the land footprint, such as biofiltration and mechanical or membrane filtration, degassing, foam removal, and oxygenation. In addition, to improve ammonium removal, one or more biological treatment steps can be added, along with membrane treatment.

[0190] Thus, in relation to [Fig. 2] and [Fig. 3], the water treatment steps may, for example, include: extraction of water from the fish farming ponds (10), filtration (21), biological treatment, for example using one or two fixed-biomass reactors such as a MBBR (Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor) (22), degassing (23), oxygenation (24), and reinjection of the water into the fish farming ponds (10). However, other steps such as skimming, or the treatment of organic particles and molecules (feces, meal, geosmin, fatty acids, etc.) may also be implemented.

[0191] Furthermore, the invention also proposes the total or partial pooling of water treatment stages between two or more different fish farming ponds.

[0192] Thus, the installation according to the invention optimizes the water treatment stages, while limiting construction and implementation costs. Once the water has been treated, as previously described, it can be recirculated into the fish farming ponds (pre-growing and / or maturation) using recirculation means, such as a pump or circulator. The sludge resulting from this treatment can be treated within the installation or transferred to an external facility and utilized.

[0193] 5. Fish farming method employing such an installation

[0194] The fish farming process according to the invention comprises pre-fattening and growth / maturation stages, within an installation comprising a a central space housing a fish farming tank and at least one annular tank. More specifically, the method according to the invention comprises the following steps: - introduction of a batch of young fish into the central basin; - pre-growing phase of young fish in the central basin, within which a water flow is generated; - transfer of the batch of pre-grown fish to an annular tank; - growth / maturation phase of pre-grown fish in said at least annular basin, within which the flow velocity of the water flow is preferentially greater than that of the central basin.

[0195] The term "growth / maturation phase" means the phase during which the pre-grown fish from the pre-growing phase reaches a mature size and age, and at the end of which the fish is suitable for consumption. A growth / maturation phase may include several growth cycles within several annular tanks.

[0196] According to one embodiment, the method includes a step of configuring the concentrating means, during which the bar spacing can be modified. For example, this spacing can be managed by a rack, as described previously, which allows the spacing to be modified by replacing the rack. The bar cross-section can be modified by selecting a rack with compatible indentations.

[0197] In addition, the process preferably features a continuous water treatment and recirculation step, implemented by water treatment means and by recirculation means, which may take the form of a pump and / or a variable speed circulator.

[0198] According to a first advantageous embodiment of the invention, the step of transferring the fish to an annular tank comprises the following steps: - concentration of fish in a part of the central basin, using mobile means of concentration, as defined previously (for example gates, or a net); - opening of a hatch in the wall of the central basin included in the part delimited by the means of concentration, for the transfer of fish to the contiguous annular basin.

[0199] According to a second advantageous embodiment of the invention, which can be combined with the first, the growth phase comprises the following steps: - insertion of at least two essentially vertical transverse grids that are movable in translation and removable in an annular basin, defining a section of the annular basin; - translation of the grids, during the maturation / growth of the batch of fish within the section; - removal of at least one of the grids, after the batch of fish has been transferred to the outside of the annular tank at the end of a growth cycle - Optional cleaning of the removed grille.

[0200] The grid thus cleaned can then be reused for a new growth / maturation cycle within an annular basin.

[0201] The insertion of the sectioning grid can be carried out in several steps comprising the assembly of at least two horizontal panels. According to the example illustrated by [Fig.7] and [Fig.8], first, the bottom panel (131) is placed in the annular basin, then the optional intermediate panel (133) is assembled to the lower panel, and finally, the upper panel (132) is assembled to the intermediate panel.

[0202] The transfer of fish is preferably carried out following a fish concentration step using concentration means. Thus, in the case of vertical gates, these can be brought closer together to reduce the cross-section they define and therefore facilitate the transfer of fish.

[0203] The removal of the sectioning grid can be carried out in several stages including the disassembly of at least two panels. According to an embodiment described in relation to [Fig.7] and [Fig.8], first the sectioning grid (13) is partially raised, the upper part (132) is disassembled and removed, then the possible intermediate part (133) is raised and then disassembled from the lower part (131) which is then removed.

[0204] According to a third variant, which can be combined with the first and second, the growth phase further comprises the following stages: - transfer of the batch of mature fish from the annular tank to a second annular tank; - insertion of at least two essentially vertical transverse grids that are movable in translation and removable in said second annular basin, defining a section of the second annular basin; - translation of the grids, during the maturation / additional growth of the batch of fish within the section of the second annular basin; - removal of at least one of the grids, after transfer of the batch of mature fish to the outside of the second annular tank.

[0205] The step of transferring the batch of fish from the annular tank to a second annular tank can be implemented using a hatch in the wall of the annular tank, the hatch being located in a fish concentration zone.

[0206] According to one embodiment, the method includes a step of configuring the sectioning grids, during which the spacing of the bars can be modified. For example, this spacing can be managed by a rack, as described above, which allows this spacing to be modified by replacing this rack.

Claims

Demands

1. Fish farming installation comprising a central space, at least one annular basin (12) provided around said central space, and means for generating a flow of water flowing into said at least one annular basin (12) at a velocity V, characterized in that said central space accommodates a central fish farming basin (11) and in that it comprises means for generating a flow of water flowing into said central basin (11) at a velocity v lower than said velocity V and in that.the central basin (11) includes mobile fish concentration means (14) within a part of said central basin (11), said at least one annular basin (12) being equipped with essentially vertical and movable transverse grids (13) in translation within said annular basin (12) and removable, delimiting at least one section within said annular basin, said transverse grids (13) being made up of a set of at least two removable panels.

2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means for transferring fish (51) from said central basin (11) to said at least one annular basin (12).

3. Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that said transfer means (51) comprise at least one hatch in the wall of said central basin (11), through which fish can pass.

4. Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises means for cleaning (15) said transverse grids (13).

5. Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises water treatment means (20) contiguous to said at least one annular basin.

6. Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said installation comprises water treatment means (20) distant from said at least one annular basin.

7. A fish farming method employing a fish farming installation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - The insertion of at least two essentially vertical and translationally movable transverse grids (13) and removable in the annular basin (12), said transverse grids defining a section of said annular basin and consisting of a set of at least two removable panels, said insertion comprising the assembly of said at least two panels - pre-fattening of the fish in said central basin (11); - concentration of the fish in a part of said central basin (11), using the mobile concentration means (14); - transfer of the fish to an annular basin (12); - growth and / or maturation of the fish in said annular basin (12).

8. Fish farming method according to claim 7 characterized in that it comprises a continuous water treatment and recirculation step, implemented by water treatment means (20), and by at least one recirculation means.

9. Fish farming method according to any one of claims 7 or 8 characterized in that it comprises the following additional steps: - said transfer of fish taking place between said central tank (11) and said section of said annular tank (12); - translation of said at least two grids (13), during the growth and / or maturation of the batch of fish within said section; - removal of at least one of said at least two grids (13), after transfer of the batch of fish at the end of a growth cycle to the outside of said annular tank (12).

10. Fish farming method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the step of transferring the batch of fish into said section of the annular tank (12) includes the opening of a hatch (51, 52, 53) in the wall of the central tank (11) included in the part delimited by the concentrating means (14), for the transfer of the fish to said annular tank (12).