Compositions and methods using several parts of plants for the purpose of controlling bedbugs.

Abstract

Compositions and methods using several parts of plants such as pods, seeds, flower buds and rhizomes, whether powdered or not, and packaged in packaging that allows both the retention of the powders and these whole parts and the release of their volatile organic compounds in order to combat bedbugs in a manner that is non-toxic to humans.

Description

Title of the invention: Compositions and methods using several parts of plants for the purpose of controlling bedbugs.

[0001] The present invention relates to compositions and methods made from plants used in food and capable of having repellent effects or blocking the larvae in their eggs of bedbugs, Cimex lectularius and Cimex he-mipterus of the Cimicidae family, quickly and permanently stopping invasions in homes, rooms, beds and luggage of these insects. These compositions, non-toxic to humans, can be packaged in fabric packaging whose nature and mesh make it possible to retain the mixture of plant parts, reduced to powder or not, while allowing their volatile organic compounds to pass through and being of sizes adapted to the places where they will be placed.

[0002] We know that bedbugs, also called bed bugs that we will use independently, are species of heteropteran insects of the Cimicidae family, present in various regions of the world. Exclusively hematophagous, the adults, males and females, bite and suck, for ten to twenty minutes, the blood of their hosts, but can survive without eating for up to a year and a half, or even two years in good conditions. They are sources of severe itching and dermatitis. Their size varies between five and eight millimeters. These insects are exclusively nocturnal but when their population increases they can also move during the day and can contaminate neighboring apartments. This is why more and more homes are victims of these invasions of common bedbugs Cimex lectularius and even tropical bedbugs Cimex hemipterus.While France has been experiencing a resurgence of bedbugs since 2017, probably due to the rise of short-term rentals, New York City in the United States is the second most infested city in the country. Homes, but also hotels, schools, and hospitals are affected. In 2010, New York City had only about fifteen companies fighting against these pests. Today, there are more than a hundred, and they use synthetic insecticides at doses that are toxic, even for humans.

[0003] We then understand the interest in being able to have means that are non-toxic to humans and in suitable containers, in order to effectively stop and prevent the invasion of these harmful insects.

[0004] It is also known that the African Xylopia aethiopica of the An-nonaceae family is a species of evergreen and wild trees with numerous and verified properties and is a species commonly used in tropical Africa as a spice as well as for the medicinal virtues of its fruits and seeds. The analysis The presence of fatty acids in the seeds confirms the absence of toxic compounds, thus justifying the widespread use of its fruits in the food sector. The curative properties of the fruit of Xylopia aethiopica are also justified by its antimicrobial and antifungal properties. Its dried fruit is therefore used as a spice and also for its medicinal properties, particularly against flu, bronchitis and dysentery. It is also known to relieve eye-related pathologies and is used in cosmetics (FR2964321 and FR2310111). In Senegal, it is used to flavor Touba coffee, a drink that has become traditional.

[0005] Clove, Syzygium aromaticum, is also a spice obtained from the flower buds of the Clove tree of the Myrtaceae family. It is also known for its analgesic, anti-infectious, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Its flower bud acts against dental pain, toothache, gingivitis, but also in cases of difficult digestion and infection. Clove is therefore a spice whose spicy flavor gives off a powerful fragrance that combines ideally with many plants.

[0006] The neem tree, Azadirachta indica, is a tree native to India belonging to the Meliaceae family. It is one of two species in the genus Azadirachta and is native to India and the Indian subcontinent (Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka). It is generally cultivated in tropical and semi-tropical regions such as Senegal where it grows along roadsides and in cities like plane trees in Europe. Neem is a popular ingredient in Asian and African diets. The fruits are eaten fresh or cooked, in desserts or refreshing lemonades, and the flowers are sometimes cooked as a vegetable side dish. A protein-rich exudate is extracted from the trunk and used as a food additive called neem glue in Southeast Asia. Its fruits and seeds are the source of neem oil, which "gives good health." Neem seed oil can be used directly on skin fungal infections and scalp or in the manufacture of cosmetic products such as anti-dandruff shampoo, acne lotion but also to improve certain chronic dermatological conditions (eczema, psoriasis) and antiseptic lotion. (https: / / baobab-des-saveurs.com). Its antiseptic properties translate into a very broad spectrum of antibacterial uses. Neem oil and many of its components have been used successfully against a wide range of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Neem oil has been reported to be effective against certain human fungi that are still difficult to control with modern synthetic fungicides. These include certain Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, Microsporum, Trichosporon, Geotricum, and candidiasis. Furthermore, It is still used as a fertilizer, pesticide and insecticide in India. Neem oil is also known as a purgative, anthelmintic, antiparasitic for external parasites such as lice, antimycotic, and antidiabetic. It is said to contain antiviral and antimalarial compounds. Its leaves have been chewed for thousands of years by Indians to promote oral hygiene. The defatted neem seeds retain a characteristic aroma that pairs well with many plants. Finally, the neem leaf and seed are known to calm allergic reactions, asthma, bruises, dysentery, fever, gout, headaches, itching, kidney stones, psoriasis and muscle pain.

[0007] Common ginger Zingiber officinale is a plant species native to India from the Zingiberaceae family whose rhizome is also used in cooking and traditional medicine. Originally from South Asia, certainly India, Ginger is now used in all cuisines for its spicy, hot, peppery and lemony taste. When dried, its aromatic molecules transform to make it stronger, more aromatic, and less lemony than when fresh. Powdered ginger is popular for enhancing various dishes. It is primarily used in Indian cuisine as a component of spice blends and sauces of all kinds. Powdered ginger is used to flavor and enhance the flavor of soups and is also used as an ingredient in biscuits and cakes. It is often used to enhance savory and sweet dishes with fish, vegetables, rice, soups, potatoes, sauces, raw vegetables, cakes, fruit salads, jams, and even chocolate. It can also be candied to enhance ice cream and desserts. Ginger can also be consumed as a beverage. In fact, it can be used in many beverages, both hot and cold. Ginger blends well with various ingredients, such as fruits and vegetables, as well as different types of tea. It can also be used alone, as a juice, or as an infusion to fully enjoy its benefits. It should be noted that ginger is a tonic spice. Ginger is used in Chinese medicine to treat dozens of other ailments such as asthma, hemorrhoids, cholesterol, and biliary and pancreatic problems. A ginger and honey infusion is also an effective remedy for treating coughs and sore throats.

[0008] Quite surprisingly, the applicants noticed during their travels in Senegal where bedbugs are very common and long-lasting that the homes storing Xylopia aethiopica pods in order to make their Touba coffee, a traditional drink, or selling it were not invaded by these parasites unlike others. From this observation they researched and successfully tested associations of this plant with other plants used in food that could strengthen this anti-bedbug power while guaranteeing safety for humans and this in an appropriate container or packaging.

[0009] Given that Xylopia aethiopica is abundant and wild in Senegal, it seemed relevant to us to look at local fabrics without these choices being limiting. Any fabric, preferably organic, and capable of retaining the powders while allowing the volatile odorous molecules to diffuse could very well be used to make the containers and packaging for these plant parts, whether powdered or not. This is how Malikane is a traditional symbolic fabric of Senegal. It is made with organic cotton, hence its off-white color. It is a sign of purity. And that is why it is very popular for carrying babies who are just as pure. But its uses are multiple. Other typical fabrics of Senegal: Sorr: weaving of thick cotton fibers, used for clothing but also for furnishings. Bazin: originally white cotton, woven with patterns in the weft, which the Senegalese dye. There are three qualities. the Mauritanian veil: airy weave, preferably monochrome.

[0010] This invention therefore relates to compositions and methods using several parts of plants such as pods, seeds, flower buds and rhizomes reduced to powder or not and packaged in packaging making it possible both to retain the powders and the whole parts as well as to release their volatile organic compounds in order to combat bedbugs in a manner that is non-toxic to humans.

[0011] Associations, compositions, mixtures and methods have thus been produced, developed and tested. We will use the term composition below, but this term can also apply to associations or mixtures of dried or roasted pods, defatted or non-fatted seeds and dried rhizome powder packaged in packaging that allows both the powders to be retained and the volatile organic compounds to be released.

[0012] Advantageously, it is therefore a composition of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica of the Annonaceae family, whole or reduced to powder, characterized in that it makes it possible to eliminate invasions of Cimex lec-tularius and Cimex hemipterus of the Cimicidae family in homes, rooms, beds and luggage while being stable and retaining its effectiveness for at least 3 years and non-toxic to humans.

[0013] Also advantageously and with greater preservation, it is a composition of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica of the Annonaceae family, associated with dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum of the Myrtaceae family, also whole or reduced to powder and comprised between 0.1% and 10% of this composition, characterized in that it makes it possible to repel and eliminate invasions of Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus of the Cimicidae family in homes, rooms, beds and luggage while being stable and retaining its effectiveness for at least 5 years and non-toxic to humans.

[0014] This composition combining these 2 parts of the plant therefore allows a longer durability of 5 years instead of the 3 years of the composition with Xylopia aethiopica alone.

[0015] More advantageously, it is a composition of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica from the Annonaceae family and dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum from the Myrtaceae family, whole or powdered, with defatted seeds of Azadirachta indica from the Meliaceae family, also whole or powdered, characterized in that in addition the larvae of Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus are blocked in their eggs, rapidly and permanently stopping the invasions when they are associated with the other components at between 0.1% and 20%.

[0016] In the context of the invention, it also concerns a composition of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica of the Annonaceae family and dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum of the Myrtaceae family, whole or in powder form, with dried powder of rhizome of Zingiber officinale of the Zingiberaceae family, characterized in that it makes it possible to significantly reinforce the repellent effect of the composition on the adult forms of Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus when it is associated between 0.1% and 5% with the other components.

[0017] Also within the scope of the invention, it is a composition of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica of the Annonaceae family, dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum of the Myrtaceae family, whole or in powder form and delipidated seeds of Azadirachta indica of the Meliaceae family, whole or in powder form, with dried powder of rhizome of Zingiber officinale of the Zingiberaceae family, characterized in that it makes it possible to significantly reinforce the repellent effect of the composition on the adult forms of Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus when it is associated between 0.1% and 5% with the other components.

[0018] In the context of the invention, it also concerns a composition of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica of the Annonaceae family, dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum of the Myrtaceae family and defatted seeds of Azadirachta indica of the Meliaceae family, whole or in powder form, with dried powder of rhizome of Zingiber officinale of the Zingiberaceae family. characterized in that these compounds are each between 5% and 85% for a total of 100% and ideally 65% ​​for Xylopia aethiopica., 10% for Syrygium aromaticum., 20% for Azadirachta indica and 5% for Zingiber officinale.

[0019] The invention also relates to a method for mixing, homogenizing and reducing the compositions to powder, characterized by the use for a few minutes to 1 hour of mills, hammer mills or grain mills depending on the desired final quantities in which pendulum hammers, mounted on a rotor rotating at medium or high speed, strike the part or parts of plants against the steel or stainless steel shielding while promoting the suction of the plants by the mill which are then ground on a sieve whose perforations determine the particle size.

[0020] The invention then relates to a method for packaging the compositions of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica of the An-nonaceae family, dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum of the Myrtaceae family, delipidated seeds of Azadirachta indica of the Meliaceae family, whole or in powder form and dried rhizome powder of Zingiber officinale of the Zingiberaceae family together or separately, characterized in that they are packaged in packaging which allows both the powders to be retained according to their particle size, while releasing the volatile organic compounds such as organic cotton fabrics from Senegal such as artisanal malikane and sizes adapted to the places where they will be placed, small and discreet for luggage such as suitcases or bags and thin and flattened under bed mattresses or in front of and behind the entrance doors of homes.

[0021] The invention finally relates to a method for packaging compositions of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica of the Annonaceae family, dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum of the Myrtaceae family, defatted seeds of Azadirachta indica of the Meliaceae family, whole or in powder form, and dried powder of rhizome of Zingiber officinale of the Zingiberaceae family together or separately, characterized in that they are packaged in packaging which allows both the powders to be retained according to their particle size, while releasing the volatile organic compounds such as cotton percale and cotton satin, sorr or bazin, Mauritanian voile or any other fabric of a nature and size adapted to the places where they will be placed,small and discreet for luggage such as suitcases or bags and thin and flattened under bed mattresses or in front of and behind entrance doors to homes.

[0022] Examples are given below without being limiting in order to illustrate the invention.

[0023] Example 1: Study of the effectiveness of dried pods of Xylopia aethiopica on bedbugs present in several rooms of the same home. 100g of dried Xylopia aethiopica pods are packaged in organic malikane bags measuring 20cm on each side and 1cm thick. 5 of these bags are placed between the mattress and sheets of a single bed, at the 4 corners of the bed and one in the middle. After 15 days, the number of bedbugs had visibly decreased, and the occupants of the bed no longer complained of bites or irritation. Bedbugs remained in the bedding of the other rooms. A month later, the bedbugs were no longer visible, although difficult-to-see eggs remained. The other beds were then also successfully treated. The five bags remained permanently in each bed in the home.

[0024] Example 2: Comparative efficacy of dried and roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica on bedbugs. With the same process as described in example 1, it is shown that when the pods are dried and placed directly between the mattresses and sheets, the final effect is the same, but handling these fruits is more complicated than when these pods are packaged in bags, particularly when changing sheets. For roasted pods, the effectiveness after a week is greater, but there is more debris everywhere in the bedding. These two presentations are ideal when two mattresses are used on top of each other and the pods are then placed between the two.

[0025] Example 3: Study of the effectiveness of dried pods of Xylopia aethiopica associated with dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum on bedbugs present in several rooms of a second home. 85g of dried Xylopia aethiopica pods are mixed with 15g of Syzygium aromaticum and packaged in organic malikane bags measuring 20cm on each side and 1cm thick. 5 of these bags are then placed between the mattress and sheets of a single bed, at the 4 corners of the bed and one in the middle. After just one week, the number of bedbugs had decreased significantly, and the bed occupant no longer complained of bites or irritation. Bedbugs remained in the bedding of the other rooms in this second home. 3 weeks later, the bedbugs are no longer visible, although difficult-to-observe eggs remain, as in example 1. The other beds are then also treated successfully and quickly. The 5 bags will also remain in place in each bed for a long time, thus ensuring a preventive effect against reinfestations.

[0026] Example 4: Study of the effectiveness of dried pods of Xylopia aethiopica associated with dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum and delipidated seeds of Azadirachta indica on bedbugs present in several rooms of a third dwelling. 80g of dried Xylopia aethiopica pods are mixed with 10g of Syzygium aromaticum and 10g of Azadiracta indica and packaged, in the same way, in malikane bags 20cm on each side and 1cm thick. 5 of these bags are then placed between the mattress and the sheets of a single bed, at the 4 corners of the bed and one in the middle. After just one week, the number of bedbugs had visibly decreased, and the occupants of the bed no longer complained of bites or irritation. Bedbugs remained in the bedding of the other rooms of this second home. Three weeks later, neither bedbugs, larvae, nor eggs were visible. The other beds were then also treated successfully and quickly. The five bags will also remain in place in each bed for a long time, thus ensuring a preventative effect against re-infestations. No negative effects of these sachets on sleepers were reported in these 3 examples, thus demonstrating the safety of these mixtures.

[0027] Example 5: Study of the effectiveness of dried and then powdered pods of Xylopia aethiopica combined with dried and also powdered flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum and dried powder of Zingiber officinale rhizome on bedbugs present in bags and luggage. In the studies conducted in the three previous examples, it was noted that bedbugs were even present in the handbags and suitcases of these homes. It was enough to empty them and shake them to see these insects detach themselves. In order to solve the problem of recontamination or contamination of neighboring or even distant homes, we ground each of these plant parts into powder and made organic cotton satin sachets 5cm on each side and 1cm thick containing 25g of these powders mixed with 22g of Xylopia aethiopica, 2.5g of Syzygium aromaticum and 0.5g of Zingiber officinale. No new infestations occurred in these bags when they contained one or two of these small sachets and the smell emanating from them was considered pleasant by the users.

[0028] Example 6: Study of the effectiveness of dried pods of Xylopia aethiopica associated with dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum and defatted seeds of Azadirachta indica as well as dried rhizomes of Zingiber officinale, all previously reduced to powder on bedbugs and their larvae present hiding in the seams of mattresses, gaps between furniture, the backs of sofas and even the corners of rooms. We have made organic cotton bags measuring 5cm on each side and 1cm thick containing 25g of these powders mixed with 22g of Xylopia ae- thiopica, 2.5g of Syzygium aromaticum and 0.5g of Zingiber officinale. These areas, the last refuges for these insects, become healthy again in a few weeks.

Claims

Claims

1. Composition of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica of the Annonaceae family, whole or reduced to powder, characterized in that it makes it possible to eliminate invasions of Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus of the Cimicidae family in homes, rooms, beds and luggage while being stable and retaining its effectiveness for at least 3 years and non-toxic to humans.

2. Composition of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica of the Annonaceae family according to claim 1 associated with dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum of the Myrtaceae family, also whole or reduced to powder and comprised between 0.1% and 10% of this composition, characterized in that it makes it possible to repel and eliminate invasions of Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus of the Cimicidae family in homes, rooms, beds and luggage while being stable and retaining its effectiveness for at least 5 years and non-toxic to humans.

3. Composition of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica of the Annonaceae family and dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum of the Myrtaceae family, whole or powdered, according to claims 1 and 2 with defatted seeds of Azadirachta indica of the Meliaceae family, also whole or powdered, characterized in that in addition the larvae of Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus are blocked in their eggs, rapidly and permanently stopping the invasions when they are associated between 0.1% and 20% with the other components.

4. Composition of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica of the Annonaceae family and dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum of the Myrtaceae family, whole or in powder form, according to claims 1 and 2 with dried powder of rhizome of Zingiber officinale of the Zingiberaceae family, characterized in that it makes it possible to significantly reinforce the repellent effect of the composition on the adult forms of Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus when it is combined between 0.1% and 5% with the other components.

5. Composition of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica of the Annonaceae family, dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum of the Myrtaceae family, whole or powdered, and defatted seeds of Azadirachta indica of the Meliaceae family, whole or in powder form, according to claim 3 with dried powder of rhizome of Zingiber officinale of the Zingiberaceae family, characterized in that it makes it possible to significantly reinforce the repellent effect of the composition on the adult forms of Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus when it is associated between 0.1% and 5% with the other components.

6. Composition of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica of the Annonaceae family, dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum of the Myrtaceae family and defatted seeds of Aza-dirachta indica of the Meliaceae family, whole or in powder form, with dried powder of rhizome of Zingiber officinale of the Zingiberaceae family according to claim 5 characterized in that these compounds are each between 5% and 85% for a total of 100% and ideally 65% ​​for Xylopia aethiopica, 10% for Syrygium aromaticum, 20% for Azadirachta indica and 5% for Zingiber officinale.

7. Method for mixing, homogenizing and reducing to powder the compositions according to claims 1 to 6 characterized by the use for a few minutes to 1 hour of mills, hammer mills or grain mills depending on the desired final quantities in which pendulum hammers, mounted on a rotor rotating at medium or high speed, strike the part or parts of plants against the steel or stainless steel shielding while promoting the suction of the plants by the mill which are then ground on a sieve whose perforations determine the particle size.

8. Method for packaging compositions of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica of the Annonaceae family, dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum of the Myrtaceae family, defatted seeds of Azadirachta indica of the Meliaceae family, whole or powdered, and dried rhizome powder of Zingiber officinale of the Zingiberaceae family together or separately according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that they are packaged in packaging that allows both the powders to be retained according to their particle size, while releasing volatile organic compounds, such as organic cotton fabrics from Senegal such as artisanal malikane, and sizes adapted to the places where they will be placed, small and discreet for luggage such as suitcases or bags, and thin and flattened under bed mattresses or in front of and behind doors. entrance to the homes.

9. Method for packaging compositions of dried or roasted pods of Xylopia aethiopica of the Annonaceae family, dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum of the Myrtaceae family, defatted seeds of Azadirachta indica of the Meliaceae family, whole or in powder form, and dried rhizome powder of Zingiber officinale of the Zingiberaceae family together or separately according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that they are packaged in packaging which allows both the powders to be retained according to their particle size, while releasing the volatile organic compounds such as cotton percale and cotton satin, sorr or bazin, Mauritanian voile or any other fabric of a nature and size adapted to the places where they will be placed,small and discreet for luggage such as suitcases or bags and thin and flattened under bed mattresses or in front of and behind entrance doors to homes.