Fire-resistant thermal insulation structure

Abstract

Multi-layer thermal insulation structure Multi-layer thermal insulation structure (1) for covering a water storage tank (15), the insulating structure (1) comprising an inner surface (2), intended to be opposite the tank (15), and an outer surface (3) opposite the inner surface (2), the insulating structure (1) comprising: - a textile (5) of a material having a thermal resistance greater than or equal to 500°C, the textile (5) comprising an outer face (6), forming the outer surface (3) of the insulating structure (1), and an inner face (7) opposite the outer face (6); - a layer of thermal insulation (11) between the inner face (7) of the textile (5) and the inner surface (2). Figure for the abstract: Fig. 1

Description

Title of the invention: Fire-resistant thermal insulation structure Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of construction, in particular to the devices present within a boiler room, whether for the production, transport or storage of water, whether sanitary or intended for heating. In particular, the invention relates to a fire-resistant thermal insulation structure for a water storage tank. Prior art

[0002] To limit the drop in temperature of hot water present in a storage tank, it is known to place thermal insulation around the tank of the tank.

[0003] For certain applications, particularly for buildings or places open to the public, fire safety standards must be respected. For example, it is desirable to obtain an “Ml” classification which certifies that in the event of fire a textile is non-flammable and does not release smoke, as defined in the French classification of the flammability of materials for establishments open to the public NF P92-501 to NF P92-512 for classification M. The European regulation on Euroclasses (Order of 21 November 2002 relating to the reaction to fire of construction and development products) can also be cited.

[0004] A known thermal insulator that allows this M1 classification to be respected is composed of a flame-retardant polymer film, glued with a high-temperature glue to glass wool. However, handling glass wool requires the use of protective equipment and can be harmful to health.

[0005] In this known arrangement, replacing the glass wool with another insulator does not necessarily provide sufficient fire resistance to comply with fire safety standards. Statement of the invention

[0006] There is a need for a new thermal insulation structure for a water storage tank with good fire resistance and which makes it possible to do without glass wool. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention meets this need thanks to, according to one of its aspects, a multi-layer thermal insulation structure for covering a water storage tank, the insulating structure comprising an interior surface, intended to be opposite the tank, and an exterior surface opposite the interior surface, the structure insulating material comprising:

[0008] - a textile of a material having a thermal resistance greater than or equal to 400°C, in particular greater than or equal to 500°C, the textile comprising an outer face, forming the outer surface of the insulating structure, and an inner face opposite the outer face;

[0009] - one or more layers of thermal insulation included between the inner face of the textile and the inner surface.

[0010] By "textile" is meant an element formed by a fiber arranged in meshes, ordered or not, or by fibers assembled together, in an ordered or random manner.

[0011] In the event of a fire outside the balloon, the textile will rise in temperature and in turn heat the thermal insulation which begins to produce fumes. These hot fumes are both harmful and can aggravate, or fuel the current fire. Thanks to the use of a textile as in the present invention, the spread of the fumes produced by the thermal insulation is limited and delayed, which prevents aggravation and / or fueling of the current fire.

[0012] The use of such a textile also makes it possible to use any thermal insulation, without taking into account its fire resistance capabilities, which allows a wide choice in the selection of thermal insulation.

[0013] The thermal insulation layer may comprise one or more materials of mineral, synthetic, vegetable, organic and / or animal origin.

[0014] The thermal insulation layer may comprise cellulose wadding, mineral wool, polymer foam and / or polymer fibers, in particular recycled polyester fibers.

[0015] The thermal insulation layer may not contain glass wool or any other insulation requiring the wearing of personal protective equipment (PPE).

[0016] The textile may comprise a partially impermeable coating configured to increase the impermeability of the textile to hot fumes resulting from combustion and / or thermal degradation of a material. The use of such a coating makes it possible to increase the capacity of the textile to limit and delay the propagation of fumes resulting from the thermal insulation.

[0017] The waterproof coating may at least partially cover the inner face of the textile, in particular the entire inner face of the textile.

[0018] The waterproof coating may at least partially cover the outer face of the textile, in particular the entire outer face of the textile.

[0019] The coating can be applied to the textile by different processes, in particular by coating and / or by impregnation.

[0020] The coating may comprise a thermosetting polymer, a high-strength polymer temperature whose auto-ignition temperature is greater than or equal to 200°C and / or an elastomer, for example vulcanized rubber or silicone.

[0021] The coating preferably comprises polyurethane and / or silicone.

[0022] The textile and the thermal insulation layer can be fixed together by gluing.

[0023] The textile can completely cover the thermal insulation.

[0024] As with thermal insulation, the glue can be freely selected, without specifically choosing a high-temperature glue. This allows the use of less technical and therefore less expensive glues, and limits chemical risks for users and operators.

[0025] The textile may comprise mineral fibers, in particular ceramic fibers, carbon fibers and / or aramid fibers.

[0026] The textile preferably comprises glass fibers.

[0027] The textile may comprise at least one layer.

[0028] The textile may comprise at least two layers connected together, in particular between 2 and 10 layers.

[0029] The textile may be a fabric, a knit or a non-woven fabric, in particular a felt.

[0030] The textile is preferably a fabric, preferably comprising at least two layers connected together.

[0031] The weave of the fabric of one of said at least two layers may be different from the weave of the fabric of another of said at least two layers.

[0032] By "weave" is meant the way in which the warps and wefts of the fabric are interwoven.

[0033] The weave of the fabric of at least one of said at least two layers may be selected from the group consisting of plain weave, satin weave, serge weave and a combination thereof.

[0034] The textile may have a self-ignition temperature greater than or equal to 250°C.

[0035] The inner surface may be formed by the thermal insulator.

[0036] The thickness of the textile can be between 10 μm and 3000 μm.

[0037] The thickness of the thermal insulation can be between 5 mm and 500 mm.

[0038] The thermal insulator may have a thermal conductivity less than or equal to 0.1 W.m'.k1.

[0039] The invention also relates, in combination with the above, to a water storage system comprising a water storage tank at least partially covered by a multi-layer thermal insulation structure as defined above.

[0040] The structure may cover at least 70%, better still at least 90%, of the outer surface of the balloon.

[0041] A lower portion of the structure covering a lower portion of the balloon may be devoid of textile. Indeed, this portion may be wrapped by a side wall of the balloon.

[0042] The storage tank may have a water storage volume of between 10 1 and 10,000 1.

[0043] The storage tank may include an internal water heating system.

[0044] The storage tank can be supplied with hot water heated by a device external water heating, for example a heat pump or boiler. Brief description of the drawings

[0045] The invention may be better understood by reading the detailed description which follows, non-limiting examples of its implementation, and by examining the attached drawing, in which

[0046] [Fig.l] illustrates, in section, schematically, a multi-layer thermal insulation structure for covering a water storage tank according to the invention,

[0047] [Fig.2] illustrates, in a top view, in a partial manner, an example of a textile of a structure according to the invention,

[0048] [Fig.3] illustrates, in isolation, the layers of the textile of [Fig.2], and

[0049] [Fig.4] Illustrates a water storage system. Detailed description

[0050] In the remainder of the description, elements that are identical or have identical functions bear the same reference sign. For the sake of brevity in this description, they are not described with reference to each of the figures, only the differences between the embodiments being described.

[0051] In the figures, the actual proportions have not always been respected, for the sake of clarity.

[0052] Figures 1 to 3 illustrate an example of a multi-layer thermal insulation structure 1 for covering a hot water storage tank according to the invention.

[0053] The structure 1 comprises an interior surface 2, intended to be opposite the ball, and an exterior surface 3 opposite the interior surface 2.

[0054] The structure 1 comprises a textile in the form of a fabric 5 made of glass fibers.

[0055] The fabric 5 has an outer face 6, forming the outer surface 3.

[0056] The fabric 5 also has an inner face 7, opposite the outer face 6.

[0057] As illustrated in [Fig.2], the fabric 5 is formed by weaving together a first layer 8, forming the outer face 6, and a second layer 9, forming the inner face 7.

[0058] In [Fig.2], the second layer 9 has been removed at an area A, for the sake of clarity of the description.

[0059] An enlargement of the first layer 8 is illustrated in view b) of [Fig.3].

[0060] An enlargement of the second layer 9 is illustrated in view a) of [Fig.3].

[0061] As illustrated, the weave of the first layer 8 is a plain weave and the weave of the second layer 9 is a satin weave.

[0062] The use of a satin weave makes it possible to give the fabric 5 a uniform flexible behavior.

[0063] The permeability of the second layer 9, through the satin weave, has a lower gas permeability than that of the first layer 8.

[0064] In this example, the fabric 5 has a thickness of 350 to 400 μm.

[0065] The fabric 5 also comprises, over its entire inner face 7, a coating 10 in po urethane configured to increase the impermeability of the textile to hot fumes from combustion and / or thermal degradation of a material.

[0066] This coating 10 is for example applied by impregnation.

[0067] The structure 1 also comprises a thermal insulator 11, glued using an adhesive 12 on the inner face 7 of the fabric 5, and forming the inner surface 2.

[0068] The thermal insulator 11 is for example a polymer insulator, for example made of recycled polyester fibers.

[0069] The thickness Ei of the thermal insulation 11 is in this example 100 mm.

[0070] The structure 1 described in figures 1 to 3 makes it possible to obtain a classification Ml according to the French classification of the flammability of materials for establishments receiving the public.

[0071] The radiation Q factor defined by this classification is calculated as follows:

[0072] n _ WOxp? Ti X fit

[0073] Where h represents the height of the flames, Ti the time before the first ignition, t the total time of flame presence.

[0074] The structure 1 described in figures 1 to 3 obtains a Q factor close to 0.

[0075] [Fig.4] illustrates a hot water storage system comprising a hot water storage tank 15 surrounded by a structure 1.

[0076] The structure 1 covers at least 70% of the outer surface 16 of the balloon 15.

[0077] The storage tank 15 has, for example, a water storage volume of 1000 l.

[0078] The invention is not limited to the illustrated example.

[0079] The textile may be different, for example a knit.

[0080] The textile may comprise different fibers, for example carbon fibers.

[0081] The textile may comprise more than two layers, for example between 3 and 10 layers.

Claims

Claims

1. Multi-layer thermal insulation structure (1) for covering a water storage tank (15), the insulating structure (1) comprising an inner surface (2), intended to be opposite the tank (15), and an outer surface (3) opposite the inner surface (2), the insulating structure (1) comprising: - a textile (5) of a material having a thermal resistance greater than or equal to 400°C, the textile (5) comprising an outer face (6), forming the outer surface (3) of the insulating structure (1), and an inner face (7) opposite the outer face (6); - one or more layers of thermal insulation (11) between the inner face (7) of the textile (5) and the inner surface (2).

2. Insulating structure (1) according to claim 1, in which the textile (5) comprises a partly impermeable coating (10) configured to increase the impermeability of the textile (5) to hot fumes resulting from combustion and / or thermal degradation of a material.

3. Insulating structure (1) according to the preceding claim, in which the waterproof coating (10) at least partially covers the inner face (7) of the textile (5), in particular the entire inner face (7) of the textile (5).

4. Insulating structure (1) according to one of claims 2 and 3, in which the coating (10) is applied to the textile (5) by coating and / or by impregnation.

5. Insulating structure (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, in which the coating (10) comprises polyurethane and / or silicone.

6. Insulating structure (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the textile (5) and the thermal insulation layer (11) are fixed together by gluing.

7. Insulating structure (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the textile (5) comprises mineral fibers, in particular ceramic fibers, carbon fibers and / or aramid fibers.

8. Insulating structure (1) according to the preceding claim, in which the textile (5) comprises glass fibers.

9. Insulating structure (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the textile (5) is a fabric, a knit or a non-woven fabric.

10. Insulating structure (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the textile (5) comprises at least one layer (8;

11. Insulating structure (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the textile (5) is a fabric comprising at least two layers (8; 9) connected together, the weave of the fabric of one of said at least two layers (8; 9) being in particular different from the weave of the fabric of another of said at least two layers (8; 9).

12. Insulating structure (1) according to the preceding claim, in which the weave of the fabric of at least one of said at least two layers (8; 9) is chosen from the group consisting of plain weave, satin weave, serge weave and a combination thereof.

13. An insulating structure (1) according to any preceding claim, wherein the inner surface (2) is formed by the thermal insulator.

14. Insulating structure (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the thermal insulation layer (11) comprises cellulose wadding, mineral wool, polymer foam and / or polymer fibers, in particular recycled polyester fibers.

15. A hot water storage system comprising a water storage tank at least partially covered by a multi-layer thermal insulation structure according to any one of the preceding claims.

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