HELMET AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Abstract

HELMET AND MANUFACTURING METHOD A helmet intended for work at height and mountaineering comprises a shell (2) and a deflector (6). The shell (2) has a shell surface delimiting several first through holes (4) separated by first struts (5) and defining a first ventilation zone. The deflector (6) is attached to the shell (2) and positioned between the shell (2) and the space intended to receive a user's head. The deflector (6) is opposite the first ventilation zone in a first direction perpendicular to a median sagittal plane of a helmet user. The deflector (6) defines a surface extending predominantly in a direction connecting the apex of the shell and a lower end of the shell (2). The surface of the deflector (6) extends away from the surface of the shell (2) in the first direction directed towards the median sagittal plane (4b).

Description

Title of the invention: HELMET AND MANUFACTURING METHOD technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a helmet and its manufacturing process. Previous technique

[0002] In rope access work, rope access technicians are equipped with various safety devices, including a helmet. The helmet is designed to be secured to the head and must protect the user against different types of impacts. In order to withstand increasingly violent impacts without increasing the weight of the helmets, work has been carried out on the shell, both in its shape and in its constituent materials, as well as in the means of securing the shell to the user's head.

[0003] In addition to these problems, there is a need regarding temperature management inside the helmet, particularly when the outside temperature rises and / or when intense efforts are made.

[0004] To improve thermal comfort, the helmet may be equipped with one or more through holes that open in front of the user's head so as to promote airflow. This airflow sweeps the space between the head and the shell or liner to reduce the temperature inside the helmet.

[0005] For obvious safety reasons, while maintaining reasonable size and weight, it is not possible to make holes in many parts of the cap so that the holes are generally present on the right and left lateral portions of the cap.

[0006] Regardless of its position on the helmet shell, the presence of a hole passing through the thickness of the shell corresponds to the presence of a tunnel that opens directly in front of the user's head. It follows that under certain specific conditions, particularly during pruning activities, a branch or other thin object can pass through the tunnel and strike the user's head during relative movement between the branch and the shell; for example, a branch moving in a substantially horizontal direction towards the interior of the volume delimited by the shell.

[0007] To avoid such a problem, some tree-climbing helmets lack through-holes, which prevents airflow in the upper part of the helmet's interior. An alternative design involves using small-diameter holes. Because the diameter is small, the airflow is very limited, requiring a large number of holes. However, creating a large number of holes... This naturally translates into a decrease in mechanical performance, which implies further modifications to the shell.

[0008] It is observed that it is difficult to design a mountaineering helmet or a helmet for work at height which allows for a significant airflow in the upper part of the shell while ensuring a high level of protection.

[0009] It is observed that the ventilation issue is also present in other categories of helmets, particularly ski helmets, which have a rigid shell containing a foam liner. The shell has through-holes, and the liner also has through-holes that are offset and / or a mesh is installed between the shell and the liner. It should be noted that the ventilation issues are different because the skier travels at high speed, the activity takes place in relatively low temperatures, and the impacts are of a different type, which allows for other compromises in the configuration and position of the through-holes, so that the holes are mostly located on the top of the helmet.Furthermore, such a configuration is not suitable for a mountaineering or working at height helmet because it implies the production of a heavier and bulkier helmet in response to different regulatory constraints, particularly regarding resistance to penetrating impacts from objects falling on the top of the helmet. Object of the invention

[0010] An object of the invention is to provide a helmet which allows a better compromise between protection and ventilation of the inside of the shell without degrading the other parameters of the helmet.

[0011] This problem is addressed by means of a helmet designed for working at height and mountaineering, comprising: - a dome having a top and a base with a dome wall delimiting several first through holes separated by first uprights to form a first ventilation zone, the dome extending in a direction of height between the base and the top; - a headgear delimiting a space for receiving a user's head.

[0012] The helmet is remarkable in that it includes a deflector attached to the shell and positioned between the shell and the space intended to receive a user's head delimited by the liner to deflect an object penetrating through one of the first through holes; in that the diverter has a diverting wall opposite the first ventilation zone in a first direction perpendicular to the height direction, the diverting wall extending towards the top to an upper end; in that the inner wall of the dome and the deflector form a conduit opening towards the apex of the dome and widening towards the apex of the dome; and in that the upper end is arranged between the cap and the inner wall of the skullcap so that any imaginary straight line tangent to the upper end and passing through the first through holes crosses the skullcap without crossing the user's head reception space delimited by the cap.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the diverter delimits several second through holes separated by second uprights to define a second ventilation zone. The second through holes have a smaller area than the area of ​​the first through holes opposite each other in the first direction.

[0014] Preferably, each first through hole is opposite at least two second through holes along the first direction.

[0015] Advantageously, in which the deflector is mounted removable from the cap.

[0016] Preferably, a shutter is mounted movable relative to the first ventilation zone between a closed position where the first through holes are closed by the shutter and an open position where the shutter is not opposite the first through holes in the first direction.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the deflector is movable relative to the dome between a protective position and another position in which the shutter is fixedly mounted to the deflector. The protective position is one in which the deflector wall is opposite the first ventilation zone in the first direction. The other position corresponds to the closed position of the shutter.

[0018] The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a helmet which makes it possible to improve a compromise between ventilation and head protection.

[0019] This result is to be achieved by means of a helmet manufacturing process comprising the following steps: - provide a helmet and a deflector, the helmet comprising a shell and a liner, the shell having a top and a base defining a support plane, the shell being equipped with a shell wall delimiting several first through holes separated by first uprights to form a first ventilation zone, the liner delimiting a space for receiving a user's head; - attach the deflector to the skullcap, the deflector being positioned between the skullcap and the cap to deflect an object entering through one of the first through holes; in which the diverter is opposite the first ventilation zone in a first direction parallel to the support plane; in which, in a cutting plane perpendicular to the support plane and according to an observation along a height direction perpendicular to the support plane and Moving from the support plane to the top, the inclined surface of the deviator moves away from the surface of the cap, moving mostly towards the top of the cap and without crossing the reception space of the user's head delimited by the cap. Brief description of the drawings

[0020] Other advantages and features will become clearer from the following description of particular embodiments and implementations of the invention given by way of non-limiting examples and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0021] [Fig-1] schematically illustrates a perspective view of a helmet equipped with a diverter in protective position and defining second through holes;

[0022] [Fig.2] schematically illustrates a side view of a helmet equipped with a deflector in protective position and defining second through holes;

[0023] [Fig.3] schematically illustrates a perspective view of the inside of a helmet equipped with a deflector in the protective position and defining second through holes;

[0024] [Fig.4] schematically illustrates a perspective view of the inside of a helmet equipped with a deflector in the closed position and defining second through holes;

[0025] [Fig.5] schematically illustrates a perspective view of a helmet skullcap equipped with a deflector in the closed position and extended by a shutter closing the first through holes;

[0026] [Fig.6] schematically illustrates a side view of a helmet skullcap equipped of a deflector in the closed position and extended by a shutter closing the first through holes;

[0027] [Fig.7] schematically illustrates a perspective view of a section along a plane median sagittal of a helmet shell equipped with two attachment devices intended to pass through the shell to form attachment tabs for the deflector;

[0028] [Fig.8] schematically illustrates a perspective view of a section along a plane median sagittal of the cap fitted with the two attachment tabs and the deflector being installed;

[0029] [Fig.9] schematically illustrates a side view of a section along a sagittal plane median of the cap fitted with the two attachment tabs and the deflector attached to the cap;

[0030] [Fig. 10] schematically illustrates a magnified view of a detail of the deflector fixed to the mounting bracket and of the shutter according to the section plane AA illustrated in [Fig.9] and with a view of the airflows which enter through the cap, the deflector being in the protective position;

[0031] [Fig. 11] schematically illustrates a magnified view of a detail of the deflector fixed to the hooking lug and of the shutter according to the section plane AA illustrated in [Fig.9], the deflector being in the closed position;

[0032] [Fig. 12] schematically illustrates a view of a deviator defining second through holes and forming a shutter;

[0033] [Fig. 13] schematically illustrates a view of a deviator without the second through holes and forming a shutter;

[0034] [Fig. 14] schematically illustrates a view of a headpiece assembly in a skullcap. Description of the implementation methods

[0035] Figures 1 to 11 show a protective helmet 1 equipped with a shell 2 and a liner 3. The liner 3 is designed to receive the user's head. The liner 3 allows the user's head to be positioned at a distance from the shell 2. The liner 3 is preferably attached to the shell 2. The liner 3 may be in the form of a set of wire elements, for example straps, as is well known in the technical field for defining an air gap to promote air circulation.

[0036] The cap 2 is made of a material that prevents it from folding back on itself. The cap 2 can preferably be made of plastic material, for example injected polycarbonate or ABS, or expanded polystyrene or polypropylene, or any other plastic material, in particular injected, thermoformed plastic or foam.

[0037] The shell 2 has a top 2a and a base 2b. The shell wall extends from the base 2b to the top 2a along a height direction ZZ which corresponds substantially to the longitudinal direction of the user once the helmet is worn.

[0038] The base 2b can define a support plane that corresponds to the horizontal plane tangent to the lowest point of the shell 2 when the user is wearing the helmet 1. Preferably, the support plane is defined by at least three points of the base 2b that are in contact with a plane when the helmet 1 is placed on a support. [Fig. 2] illustrates the support plane AA.

[0039] The cap 2 defines a cap surface which represents the surface of the median plane of the cap along the thickness direction. The cap surface is a curved surface which is approximately a hemisphere.

[0040] In order to facilitate the dissipation of some of the heat emitted by the user's head, the cap 2 has a cap wall which defines several first through holes 4. The first through holes 4 are preferably first right holes and first left holes, that is to say, first holes arranged in the right part and in the left part with respect to a sagittal plane median of a user wearing helmet 1. It is also advantageous for the first right and first left through-holes to be arranged symmetrically with respect to the median sagittal plane. It is also possible to have first frontal and / or first occipital holes as alternatives or complements to the first right and left holes.

[0041] As illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 and in [Fig.7] to 10, the first through hole 4 is through along the thickness direction, that is to say along the direction which connects the inner face of the cap 2 and the outer face of the cap 2. The first through holes 4 are also through along a first direction which is parallel to the support plane AA.

[0042] The first four right and left through holes are intended to promote airflow inside the helmet 1 between the shell 2 and the user's head, at least in the upper part of the shell 2. The first four through holes 4 can have any shape. The shape of the first four through holes 4 can differ between multiple first through holes 4.

[0043] The first through holes 4 are separated from each other by first uprights 5. The first through holes 4 define a first area. It has been observed that to have an airflow ensuring good heat dissipation, it is necessary to have large first through holes 4. The first through holes 4 have large cross-sections without compromising the mechanical performance of the cap 2 in response to impacts.

[0044] To promote the presence of an efficient airflow, the first through holes 4 each have a first area that is as large as possible, for example greater than 1cm2, preferably greater than 2cm2, more preferably greater than 5cm2 and even more preferably greater than 8cm2 or 10cm2.

[0045] However, the larger the value of the first area, the easier it is for a section of an external element, for example a stem or a branch, to penetrate inside the cap 1. In addition, the risk of injury increases with the section of the external element.

[0046] In order to maintain a significant airflow while reducing the probability of the head coming into contact with an external element from outside the shell 2, the helmet 1 is equipped with a deflector 6. The deflector 6 comprises a deflection wall 6' located within the volume delimited by the shell 2 and the volume intended to receive the head, represented by the liner 3. The deflector 6 is situated opposite the first through holes 4 in the first direction. The deflector 6 is located between the shell 2 and the liner 3, that is, between the shell 2 and the volume representing the user's head.

[0047] Preferably, the deflector 6 is fixed to the dome 2. The deflector 6 has a deflection wall 6' which is separate from the dome wall 2. The deflection wall 6' is rigid or substantially rigid. The deflection wall 6' is, for example, made of plastic, metal, or wood. The deflection wall 6' is not a net attached to the dome 2.

[0048] In a particular embodiment, the deflection wall 6' resists a thrust force of IkN towards the headgear. This prevents an external element from reaching the user's head.

[0049] The deflection wall 6' extends from the area opposite the first through holes 4 towards the apex 2a of the cap 2. The deflection wall 6' terminates with an upper end which represents the end closest to the apex 2a, i.e. opposite to a lower end which is closest to the base 2b.

[0050] The deflection wall 6' defines at least one portion with an inclined surface that is generally directed towards the apex 2a of the cap 2. The inclination of the deflection wall 6' allows an external element moving from the outside through one of the first through holes 4 to slide against the deflection wall 6' to be directed towards the apex 2a of the cap 2. More precisely, the deflection wall 6' is inclined towards the space located between the apex of the cap 3 and the apex 2a of the cap 2 without passing through the surface delimited by the cap 3.

[0051] The upper end of the deflection wall 6' is positioned between the dome 2 and the headpiece 3 such that any imaginary straight line tangent to the upper end and passing through the first through holes 4 passes through the dome 2 without crossing the user's head reception space delimited by the headpiece 3. An external element can enter the dome through a first through hole 4. The external element comes into contact with the deflection wall 6' and slides along the deflection wall until it leaves the deflector 6. The external element is then tangent to the upper end. The alignment between the upper end and the first through holes prevents a straight external element from penetrating the volume intended to receive the user's head.

[0052] The deflection wall 6' will oppose movement of the external element in the first direction towards the liner 3 to prevent contact with the user's head and / or the inclination will direct the external element towards the space between the apex of the liner 3 and the apex 2a of the shell 2 without passing through the liner 3 so that the external element moves in an area where the risk of contact with the head is low or even zero. This avoids forming a more robust, and therefore bulkier and heavier, deflector 6. The deflection may result in the external element becoming wedged against the first uprights 5, which also reduces the risk of injury. If the external element penetrates the helmet 1 along a trajectory When directed downwards, the deflector 6 approaches the cap 2 and forms a blocking element.

[0053] For example, the deflector 6 defines an inclined surface that extends mainly in a direction connecting the apex 2a of the dome 2 and the lower right or left end of the dome 2, depending on whether the deflector 6 is fixed to the right or left part of the dome 2. The angle of inclination of the deflection wall 6' and especially the position of the upper end can be adjusted according to the position of the first through holes 4 of the curvature of the dome 2 and the available space between the cover 3 and the dome 2. The same can be true for an installation on the rear or front part of the dome 2.

[0054] The deflector 6 has an inclination close to that of the cap 1 in the area opposite the first ventilation area, but different so as not to reduce the volume accessible to the user's head without reducing the capacity to accept an airflow.

[0055] In an observation along a cutting plane perpendicular to the support plane AA, the shell wall 2 and the deflector wall 6 are distant and move away from each other when moving along a height direction ZZ perpendicular to the support plane from the support plane AA towards the apex 2a. In other words, the structure delimited on one side by the shell wall 2 and on the other by the deflector wall 6 flares out towards the apex 2a. The deflector wall 6' and the inner shell wall define a conduit opening to facilitate the passage of airflow into an upper part of the helmet 1. The conduit flares out towards the apex 2a to facilitate a significant airflow.

[0056] It is particularly advantageous that the deflector 6 does not define a surface parallel to the shell surface 2 and that the deflector 6 moves away from the shell 2 as one moves away from the support plane AA. The separation distance between the shell 2 and the deflector 6 is observed in cross-sectional planes that are perpendicular to the support plane AA. The separation between the shell 2 and the deflector 6 facilitates the formation of an airflow in the inner apex of the shell 2 by eliminating the formation of an obstacle above the area receiving the user's head. It is also advantageous to form a shoulder in order to have a minimum separation distance between the shell wall that defines the first through holes 4 and the deflector wall. This minimum space ensures the capture of a minimum airflow for good ventilation of the helmet 1.

[0057] As illustrated in Figures 3, 4, 9 and 10, it is particularly advantageous for the deflector 6 to extend opposite the first through turns 4 at least over the entire opposite surface between the first through holes 4 and the space accessible to the head delimited by the cap 3 along the first direction.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the deflector 6 extends below the first through holes 4. More preferably, the deflector 6 is in contact with the cap 2 or is separated from the cap 2 by a distance less than a threshold value, for example, less than 6 mm, less than 4 mm, or less than 2 mm, in order to prevent an external element with a diameter greater than the threshold value from passing between the cap 2 and the deflector 6 in the first direction, as illustrated in Figures 3, 9, and 10, which is parallel to the median sagittal plane and represents the vertical direction. Bringing the cap 2 into contact with the deflector 6 improves mechanical performance.

[0059] As an example of an embodiment illustrated in figures 1 to 4, the cap 2 defines a shoulder defining the first through holes 4. The fixing between the deviator 6 and the cap 2 is located on one side of the shoulder while the first through holes 4 are located on the other side of the shoulder.

[0060] To facilitate air intake, it is advantageous for the wall of the deflector 6 to be offset from the wall of the dome 2 by several millimeters. It is particularly advantageous for the deflector 6 not to be in contact with the dome 2 and for the wall of the deflector 6 to extend towards the apex of the dome 2 so as to form an opening that facilitates the evacuation of the airflow into the apex of the dome 2. The air passing through the dome 2 comes into contact with the deflector 6, which does not define a closed volume. As the deflector 6 moves away from the dome 2 towards the apex 2a, it is easy for the incoming air to move towards the apex 2a of the dome 2, thus providing an airflow capable of dissipating heat.

[0061] As illustrated in Figures 1 to 4, in order to facilitate the presence of an airflow as close as possible to the top of the user's head, it is advantageous for the deflector 6 to define several second through holes 7 which are arranged opposite the first ventilation zone. The opposite direction is the first direction.

[0062] The second through holes 7 are separated from each other by second uprights 8.

[0063] It is advantageous that the second through holes 7 are opposite the first through holes 4 and more preferably that the second through holes 7 have a cross-section that is smaller than the cross-section of the first through holes 4. A significant amount of air enters through the first through holes 4 and part of this amount of air passes through the second through holes 7, the remainder runs along the second uprights 8 towards the top of the cap 2.

[0064] Since the deflector 6 is located inside the cap 2, it is not designed to withstand the same impacts as the cap 2. It is advantageous to form a deflector 6 as open as possible so as not to restrict too much the airflow coming from the first through holes 4.

[0065] In order to promote airflow without compromising protection, it is advantageous for the second through holes 7 to have a dimension smaller than a threshold value. It is also advantageous for one or more second through holes 7 to be directly opposite a first through hole 4, and even more advantageously for each first through hole 4 to be directly opposite several second through holes 7.

[0066] Preferably, when the deflector 6 is provided with second through holes 7, it is advantageous for the deflector 6 to be provided with a rim 6a disposed under the second through holes 7 and extending opposite at least 50% of the overlap area between the first through holes 4 and the second through holes 7 along the height direction ZZ, more preferably over at least 75% of the overlap area and even more preferably over at least 100% of the overlap area. Such an embodiment is illustrated in Figures 4 and 5.

[0067] Fig. 12 illustrates an embodiment of a deviator 6 defining second through holes 7 and Fig. 13 illustrates an embodiment of a deviator 6 lacking second through holes 7.

[0068] It is particularly advantageous that the deflector 6 be fixed to the cap 2 and more preferably be fixed to the cap 2 by fixing points located between and / or below the first through holes 4 so as to provide a strong fixing capable of withstanding mechanical stress by an external element without penalizing the airflow.

[0069] In a particular embodiment, the deflector 6 is mounted movable relative to the dome 2 between a protective position and another position. In the protective position, the inclined wall of the deflector 6 is positioned opposite the first through holes 4. In the other position, the inclined wall is not opposite the first through holes 4. The other position can be a position of complete closure of the first through holes 4 in order to prevent the supply of an airflow inside the dome 2 or a full access position, i.e. a position which allows access to the cover 3 from outside the dome 2 by passing through the first through holes 4 for large elements.

[0070] It is particularly advantageous for the deflector 6 to be mounted movable in translation or rotation relative to the cap 2 in order to define the first position and the other position.

[0071] In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 3, 4, 7 and 9, the cap 2 defines several rails 9 which extend predominantly in a direction connecting the apex of the cap 2 and the lower end of the cap 2. The diverter 6 defines grooves 10 whose shapes are complementary to those of the rails 9. This configuration with grooves 10 and rails 9 makes it possible to reduce or prevent a displacement of the diverter 6 relative to the cap 2 in the direction perpendicular to the direction of extension of the rails 9. When the diverter 6 is intended to be removable from the cap 2, this configuration makes it possible to impose the position of the diverter 6 relative to the cap 2.

[0072] The rails 9 and grooves 10 define a slide between the cap 2 and the deflector 6 so that the deflector 6 moves translationally relative to the cap 2. More generally, the cap 2 can form one or more grooves 10 and the deflector 6 can form one or more rails 9. Advantageously, the deflector 6 is attached to the cap 2 by several mounting tabs 11, which may be in the form of clips. Preferably, the clips should be removable from the cap 2 and the mounting tabs 11 should cooperate with the deflector 6 to make the mounting tabs 11 and the deflector 6 fixed to the cap 2.

[0073] It is advantageous that the cap 2 defines a through hole 12 for each fixing tab 11 and that the fixing tab 11 passes through the cap 2 and the deflector 6 to securely attach the deflector 6 to the cap 2. In the absence of a deflector 6, the fixing tab 11 is unable to attach to the cap 2, which prevents the formation of a protruding element inside the cap 2.

[0074] With the exception of the second through hole(s) 7, the deflector 6 does not form a closed volume with the cap 2 so as not to unduly restrict the airflow. It is advantageous for the deflector 6 to define with the cap 2 an opening extending along the entire length of the first ventilation zone, that is to say, extending along the direction connecting all the first through holes 4 on the same side of the cap 2.

[0075] Preferably, the second through hole 7 has a second area smaller than the first area defined by the first through hole 4 opposite it in the first direction. The deflector 6 defines second uprights 8 whose length is less than the length of the first through hole 4 opposite it in the first direction.

[0076] Since the deflector 6 is installed at a distance from the first through hole(s), it is possible to install a shutter 13 configured to adjust the effective area of ​​the first through hole(s) 4 by partially or totally blocking the first through hole(s) 4. The operation of the shutter 13 can be independent of the deflector 6 and even independent of the presence or absence of a deflector 6. The shutter 13 can be fixed to the cap 2 and configured to slide relative to the cap 2 to partially or totally block one or more of the first through holes 4, to reduce or increase the effective area allowing airflow. Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a shutter 13 in a position which allows maximum airflow. Figures 5 and 6 illustrate a shutter 13 in the closed position to block the air intake.

[0077] In the illustrated embodiment, the shutter 13 is fixedly mounted relative to the deflector 6 and the deflector 6 is movable relative to the cap 2. The deflector 6 defines a protective position allowing airflow with the deflector 6 positioned between the first through holes 4 and the cap 3 in the first direction and a closed position where the shutter 13 closes the first through holes 4. [Fig. 10] illustrates the deflector 6 in the protective position and [Fig. 11] illustrates the deflector 6 in the closed position.

[0078] The shell 2 comprises a frontal portion located at the front, i.e., near the user's forehead, and an occipital portion located at the rear. The frontal portion is separated from the occipital portion by two lateral portions, one on the right and one on the left. The protective helmet 1 is preferably equipped with a headband having a front portion and a rear portion. The rear portion may be a neck strap. The headband is attached to the shell 2 so as to form a ring intended to go around the user's head.

[0079] Figure 10 illustrates two airflows entering the volume delimited by the cap 2 through a first hole through 4. Part of the airflow passes through a second hole through 7 to reach the head of a user. The other part of the airflow slides along the deflector 6 and is directed towards the apex of the cap 2.

[0080] Figures 3 and 4 partially illustrate the adjustment device configured to adjust a circumference of a head circumference, preferably with a head circumference adjustment wheel 16a and movable elements 16b which allow the head circumference to be defined.

[0081] In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, the cap 2 defines cavities 14 receiving clips 15 fixed to the ends of the cap 3. [Fig. 14] illustrates a method of mounting the cap 3 in the cap 2 using the clips 15 and the cavities 14.

Claims

Demands

1. Helmet intended for work at height and mountaineering comprising: - a shell (2) having a top (2a) and a base (2b) provided with a shell wall delimiting several first through holes (4) separated by first uprights (5) to form a first ventilation zone, the shell (2) extending in a vertical direction (ZZ) between the base (2b) and the top (2a); - a headband (3) delimiting a space for receiving a user's head; characterized in that the helmet (1) includes a deflector (6) attached to the shell (2) and disposed between the shell (2) and the space intended to receive a user's head delimited by the headband (3) to deflect an object entering through one of the first through holes (4);in that the deflector (6) has a deflection wall (6') opposite the first ventilation zone in a first direction perpendicular to the height direction (ZZ), the deflection wall (6') extending towards the apex (2a) to an upper extremity; in that the inner wall of the cap (2) and the deflector (6) form a conduit opening towards the apex (2a) of the cap (2) and flaring out towards the apex (2a) of the cap (2); and in that the upper extremity is disposed between the headpiece (3) and the inner wall of the cap (2) so that any imaginary straight line tangent to the upper extremity and passing through the first through holes (4) crosses the cap (2) without crossing the user's head reception space delimited by the headpiece (3).

2. Helmet according to claim 1 wherein the deflector (6) delimits several second through holes (7) separated by second uprights (8) to define a second ventilation zone; wherein the second through holes (7) have an area less than an area of ​​the first through holes (4) opposite each other in the first direction.

3. Helmet according to claim 2 in which each first through hole (4) is opposite at least two second through holes (7) along the first direction.

4. Helmet according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in which the deflector (6) is mounted removable from the shell (2).

5. Helmet according to any one of the preceding claims comprising a shutter (13) mounted movable relative to the first ventilation zone between a closed position where the first through holes (4) are closed by the shutter (13) and an open position where the shutter is not opposite the first through holes (4) in the first direction.

6. Helmet according to claim 5 in which the deflector (6) is mounted movable relative to the shell (2) between a protective position and another position, in which the shutter (13) is mounted fixedly to the deflector (6), in which the protective position is a position where the deflector wall (6') is opposite the first ventilation zone in the first direction and in which the other position corresponds to the closed position of the shutter (13).

7. A method of manufacturing a helmet according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprising the following steps: - providing a helmet (1) and a deflector (6), the helmet (1) comprising a shell (2) and a liner (3), the shell (2) having a top (2a) and a base (2b) defining a support plane (AA), the shell (2) being provided with a shell wall delimiting several first through holes (4) separated by first uprights (5) to form a first ventilation zone, the liner (3) delimiting a space for receiving a user's head; - attaching the deflector (6) to the shell (2), the deflector (6) being disposed between the shell (2) and the liner (3) to deflect an object entering through one of the first through holes (4); in which the diverter (6) is opposite the first ventilation zone in a first direction parallel to the support plane (AA);in which, in a cutting plane perpendicular to the support plane (AA) and according to an observation along a height direction (BB) perpendicular to the support plane (AA) and going from the support plane (AA) to the apex (2a), the inclined surface of the deviator (6) moves away from the surface of the cap (2) by going predominantly towards the apex (2a) of the cap (2) and without crossing the reception space of the user's head delimited by the headgear (3).;

Images