A method for configuring a communication system to characterize the quality of service of the communication system and to control the data transmission rate; the corresponding device and computer program.

Abstract

Method for configuring a communication system to characterize the quality of service of the communication system and to control the rate at which data is transmitted; corresponding device and computer program. The invention relates to.A method for configuring a communication system comprising at least one access point of a telecommunications network, said method comprising: determining the probability that a user device, located within a geographical area served by the access point, will receive data from the access point at a given rate, said probability being a function of at least: a value of the transmission power of said radio signal; and a value representing the density of reconfigurable smart surfaces, capable of broadcasting a radio signal emitted by the access point to the user device, located within the geographical area; modifying at least one of these values ​​according to the determined probability. Figure for the abstract: Fig. 1.

Description

Title of the invention: Method for configuring a communication system to characterize the quality of service of the communication system and to control the data transmission rate; corresponding device and computer program. Technical field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the general field of wireless communication systems.

[0002] It relates more particularly to a method of configuring a communication system allowing the quality of service of the communication system to be characterized and the rate at which data transmitted by an access point belonging to the communication system is received by a user equipment served by the access point.

[0003] It also relates to an electronic device configured to implement such a process. Previous technique

[0004] In a manner known per se, a reconfigurable intelligent surface, hereinafter referred to as "RIS" (an acronym for the Anglo-Saxon expression "Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface") for the sake of brevity, can be defined as a relay configured to receive an incident signal from a transmitter and reflect it in a specific direction. It is generally considered to be a "full duplex" type relay, that is to say, one that allows simultaneous uplink and downlink communication.

[0005] To this end, a RIS comprises a large number of low-cost passive reflective elements, hereafter referred to as "reflection elements," whose respective reflective properties can be modified to improve the performance of a telecommunications network. In particular, the signals reflected by the RIS can be combined constructively to improve the power level of the signal received by a receiver. By deploying RISs in a network and intelligently configuring their reflections, the wireless propagation channels between the transmitter and the receiver can then be dynamically configured to obtain the desired distributions and gains. This configuration of the propagation channels improves spectral efficiency and network coverage, and also addresses the problem of interference and signal attenuation in a wireless network.

[0006] Le document suivant décrit plus en détail le fonctionnement d'une RIS : "Smart Radio Environments Empowered by Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: How it Works, State of Research, and RoadAhead", M. D. Renzo, A. Zappone, M. Debbah, M. Alouini, C. Yuen, J. D. Rosny, and S. Tretyakov, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, pages 2450-2524, 2020.

[0007] In practice, such an RIS is designed to passively reflect incident radio signals, that is, without amplifying said incident radio signals by amplifiers (neither by low-noise amplifiers nor by power amplifiers). By modifying the reflection properties of each reflection element of the RIS, typically by individually modifying the phase shift introduced by each of these reflection elements, it is possible to influence how the incident radio signals are reflected by the RIS and, ultimately, to influence the propagation channel used by these radio signals.

[0008] For this reason, an RIS is an effective means of enabling data exchange between a network access point, such as a base station, and geographical areas that would otherwise remain poorly (or not at all) served. This aspect is illustrated, for example, by [Fig. 1], which schematically represents an example of a wireless communication system using an RIS.

[0009] As illustrated in [Fig. 1], the wireless communication system comprises a base station 11 installed on the roof of a building, which must exchange data (over a downlink and / or an uplink) with user terminals 13 located in a geographical area ZG to be served. In this example, the direct paths between the base station 11 and the geographical area ZG to be served are obstructed by buildings, so that the radio signals traveling along these direct paths are severely attenuated, or even blocked.

[0010] By placing the RIS 12 on an adjacent building, it is possible to introduce an additional reflection of the incident radio signals by the RIS located on that adjacent building, thus creating an indirect path between the geographic area ZG and the base station 11, via the RIS 12. To this end, a management device (not shown in [Fig. 1], and for example integrated into the base station 11) determines appropriate phase shifts for the reflection elements of the RIS 12 to allow the latter to serve the geographic area ZG. Once determined, these phase shifts are transmitted to the RIS 12 via a backhaul network. A control module of the RIS 12 then controls the reflection elements so that they introduce phase shifts corresponding to those determined by the management device.

[0011] The advantages of using a RIS are not limited to the ability to serve areas that would otherwise remain poorly (or not at all) served. Indeed, the energy consumption of an RIS is negligible compared to that of a base station. Furthermore, an RIS is simpler to install from a technical and regulatory standpoint. All these aspects justify the great interest in this technology and the desire of operators to accelerate its development, particularly in the context of the deployment of 5G-Advanced or 6G wireless communication systems, which are especially suited to the context of spatial multiplexing of different user terminals ("multi-user multiple input multiple output", MU-MIMO in Anglo-Saxon terminology).

[0012] Thus, there is a need for a solution that takes into account the impact of RIS deployment on base station throughput performance. Description of the invention

[0013] The invention notably addresses this need by proposing a method for configuring a communication system comprising at least one access point of a telecommunications network.

[0014] Such a configuration method comprises: - determining the probability that a user device, located within a geographical area served by the access point, will receive data from the access point at a given speed, said probability being a function of at least: • a value for the transmission power of said radio signal; and • a value representative of a density of smart surfaces reconfigurable, capable of broadcasting a radio signal emitted by the access point to the user equipment, located within the geographical area; - the modification of at least one of these values ​​according to the determined probability.

[0015] Correspondingly, the invention also relates to an electronic management device configured to implement the method of configuring a communications system according to the invention.

[0016] In particular implementations, the electronic management device is embedded in an access point of a telecommunications network.

[0017] The access point of the telecommunications network is, for example, a base station (also called a gNB in ​​the context of a 5G network), a WiFi access point, etc. It can be a hardware entity or a software entity, which can be distributed over one or more network functions or be hosted by one or more hardware devices.

[0018] The invention can advantageously be implemented so as to dynamically adapt, when the communication system is already deployed, and / or to estimate, when the communication system is not yet deployed, the data rate at which data transmitted by the access point is received by a user device served by the access point. The invention can also be implemented to adapt the communication system, in particular the transmission power and / or the RIS, to achieve a given quality of service, and in particular a target data rate.

[0019] To this end, the present solution proposes to take into account all the RISs deployed in the communication system, rather than the impact of a single RIS as is the case in the prior art. The invention takes this plurality of RISs into account by means of their density of presence within the communication system.

[0020] In the remainder of this document, the density of RISs presence refers to the number of RISs present per unit area of ​​the geographic zone served by the access point. In the communication system considered, the number of RISs present within the geographic zone served by the access point can be on the order of hundreds or even thousands.

[0021] The probability value calculated during the implementation of this configuration method defines the data reception rate transmitted by the access point. This probability of achieving a given rate, or target rate, characterizes, in particular, the quality of service associated with the user equipment. The value of this probability depends on several factors specific to the access point and the environment in which the radio signals emitted by the access point are transmitted, including the transmission power of the access point and the density of reconfigurable smart surfaces (RISs) present within the communication system.

[0022] Thus, by cleverly modifying one and / or the other of the values ​​of the transmission power of the access point and the density of RISs within the communication system it is possible to configure the data reception rate transmitted by the access point while optimizing the transmission power of the access point.

[0023] In particular implementations, when the probability is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the modification consists of a reduction in the value of the radio signal transmission power and / or a reduction in the number of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area.

[0024] When the probability is greater than or equal to a first threshold, this means that the receive throughput value is greater than a target value, set, for example, by the telecommunications network operator to which the access point belongs. It is then advantageous to reduce the transmission power of the access point in order to reduce the energy consumption of the latter. It may also be decided to reduce the number of RISs involved in the transmission of radio signals emitted by the access point, for example by individually modifying the phase shift introduced by the reflection elements of one or more RISs.

[0025] In particular implementations, when the probability is less than or equal to a second threshold, the modification consists of an increase in the transmission power of the radio signal and / or an increase in the number of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area.

[0026] When the probability is less than or equal to a second threshold, this means that the received data rate is lower than a target value, set, for example, by the telecommunications network operator to which the access point belongs. It is then advantageous to increase the transmission power of the access point and / or to increase the number of RISs involved in transmitting the radio signals emitted by the access point, for example, by individually modifying the phase shift introduced by the reflecting elements of one or more RISs.

[0027] It should be noted that the second threshold may be equal to the first threshold. In this case, the value of the emission power and / or the value of the RIS density is modified when the probability is strictly less than the second threshold.

[0028] In particular implementations, a value of a bandwidth of the emitted radio signal is also modified according to the probability.

[0029] In particular implementations, the distribution of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area is homogeneous.

[0030] In other words, this means that the density of RISs is the same at every point on the surface of the geographical area served by the access point.

[0031] Such a scenario provides a first approximation of the probability that a user device will receive data from the access point at a given rate. This is particularly useful when the telecommunications network operator is considering the deployment of new communication systems.

[0032] In particular implementations, the distribution of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area is heterogeneous.

[0033] In other words, this means that the density of RISs varies depending on one's location within the geographical area served by the access point. Thus, some portions of the geographical area may be more densely equipped with RISs than others. This may be the case, for example, when part of the geographical area is an urban area in which buildings that can disrupt the transmission of radio signals emitted by the access point.

[0034] In particular implementations, the probability that the user equipment receives said data at a given rate is expressed as:

[0035] 10g( 1-^) SÿT-

[0036] where is the probability of not reaching the given flow rate (and (1-q) the probability of reaching the given flow rate),

[0037] P is the value of the transmission power of the radio signal,

[0038] 7) is the rate at which the data transmitted by the access point is received by user equipment,

[0039] W is the bandwidth of the radio signal,

[0040] ^th is the thermal noise measured at the user equipment level, and

[0041] Πcharacterizes the total power loss (power loss due to direct and indirect paths), between the access point and the user equipment, of the emitted radio signal calculated taking into account the density of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area.

[0042] Such a probability is a probability of non-coverage, it represents the probability that a quality of service will not be achieved in a given geographical area and / or for a given speed.

[0043] In the context of the present invention, such a probability is determined based on the density of RIS present. Thus, such a probability of non-coverage accounts for the impact of these RIS on the geographical area served.

[0044] According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a communication system comprising at least one access point of a telecommunications network serving a geographical area within which are located: - at least one user device communicating with the access point; and - a plurality of reconfigurable smart surfaces capable of diffusing a radio signal emitted by the access point to the user equipment; said communication system further comprising at least one electronic management device according to the invention.

[0045] The configuration method, the electronic management device, and the communication system according to the invention have the same advantages mentioned above as the configuration method according to the invention.

[0046] The invention also relates to a computer program on a recording medium, this program being capable of being implemented in a computer or more generally in an electronic management device conforming to the invention and comprising instructions adapted to the implementation of a configuration method as described above.

[0047] This program may use any programming language, and be in the form of source code, object code, or code intermediate between source code and object code, such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other desirable form.

[0048] The invention also relates to an information medium or a recording medium readable by a computer, and comprising instructions for a computer program as mentioned above.

[0049] The information or recording medium can be any entity or device capable of storing programs. For example, the medium can include a storage means, such as a ROM, for example a CD-ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or a magnetic recording means, for example a hard disk drive, or a flash memory.

[0050] On the other hand, the information or recording medium can be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which can be transmitted via an electrical or optical cable, by radio link, by wireless optical link or by other means.

[0051] The program according to the invention can in particular be downloaded onto an Internet-type network.

[0052] Alternatively, the information or recording medium may be an integrated circuit in which a program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the configuration and communication methods according to the invention.

[0053] It can also be envisaged, in other embodiments, that the configuration process, the electronic management device and the communication system according to the invention present in combination all or part of the aforementioned characteristics. Brief description of the drawings

[0054] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the description below, with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate an example of an embodiment without being limiting in any way. In the figures:

[0055] [Fig-1] [Fig.1], already described, schematically represents an example of a system of wireless communication according to the state of the art, in which a single RIS is used to serve a given geographical area;

[0056] [Fig.2] [Fig.2] schematically represents a wireless communication system according to a particular embodiment of the invention;

[0057] [Fig.3] [Fig.3] represents modules embedded in a management device, such as the management device belonging to the system of [Fig.2], according to an example of implementation of the invention;

[0058] [Fig.4] [Fig.4] schematically represents an example of hardware architecture of a management device belonging to the wireless communication system of the [Fig.3];

[0059] [Fig.5] [Fig.5] represents, in the form of a flowchart, a particular method of implementing a positioning process, for example executed by the electronic device of [Fig.4],

[0060] [Fig.6] [Fig.6] represents the geographical area served by the base station. Description of the implementation methods

[0061] Fig. 2 schematically represents a wireless communication system 20 according to a particular embodiment of the invention.

[0062] In Figure 2, the wireless communication system 20 comprises a base station type access point 21, which can exchange data with user terminals located in a geographical area ZG to be served. The wireless communication system further comprises a plurality of RISs, namely four RISs 20_1, 20_2, 20_3 and 20_4 (hereafter denoted as 20_j - 1..4).

[0063] As illustrated by Figure 2, at least some of the radio signals from base station 21 can reach the geographical area ZG by being previously reflected by the RISs 20_j = 1..4 and vice versa, depending on whether the direction is up or down considered.

[0064] The presence of these different RISs 20_ j = L4 makes it possible to increase the number of direct and indirect paths that can be used between said base station 21 and a user device.

[0065] The plurality of RISs belonging to system 20 form a set of RISs hereinafter referred to as "set E". Such a set E may comprise one or more hundred RISs.

[0066] In a first implementation variant, the distribution of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area ZG is homogeneous.

[0067] In other words, this means that the density of RISs is the same at every point on the surface of the geographical area ZG served by base station 21.

[0068] In a second implementation variant, the distribution of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area ZG is heterogeneous.

[0069] This means that the density of RISs varies depending on the position within the surface of the geographical area ZG served by the station of base 21. Thus, some parts of the geographical area may be more densely equipped with RIS than others.

[0070] Following similar considerations, the system 20 may also comprise a plurality of base stations, and each base station may serve one or more communication cells. In practice, the principles described below can be extended by those skilled in the art to such configurations. In particular, an example is described here in which the access point is a base station serving one or more cells. Alternatively, such an access point is a Wi-Fi or other access point serving a geographical area.

[0071] User equipment can, for example, take the form of a mobile phone, such as a smartphone, a tablet, a laptop, a personal digital assistant, a smartwatch, an e-reader, etc. Generally speaking, there are no limitations attached to the form taken by user equipment.

[0072] In addition, each RIS cooperates with at least one control module (not shown in the figures) and includes reflection elements (not shown in the figures) whose reflection properties can be modified by the control module so as to influence how radio signals incident on said reflection elements are reflected by them.

[0073] As explained in more detail below, a probability that a user device, located within the geographical area ZG served by base station 21, receives data from the base station with a given rate is determined.

[0074] In this regard, within the framework of one embodiment of the present invention, the RISs of assembly E are considered to be mobile—that is, their position within the geographical area ZG and / or their orientation can vary. These changes in position and / or orientation are, for example, carried out manually by an operator, or by using means enabling the RISs to change position and / or orientation. By "change of position," we mean a displacement of the RISs in a plane defined by the ground and / or a change in their height. Their respective positions result from such a procedure, which consists of searching for suitable locations, while ensuring that the path gain of the signals between the base station 21 and the user equipment 23 is optimized (or at least ensuring that this gain is greater than a threshold value, which may or may not be predetermined).

[0075] As indicated above, the wireless communication system 20 also includes an electronic management device 22 configured to determine the probability that a user device will receive data from the base station with a given throughput, by implementing a configuration method according to the invention.

[0076] As illustrated in [Fig. 2], the management device 22 is an electronic device separate from the RISs of assembly E and from the base station 21. In particular embodiments, the management device is equipment that takes, for example, the form of a mobile phone, such as a smartphone, a tablet, a laptop, or a personal digital assistant. Alternatively, this management device 22 is, for example, integrated into the base station 21.

[0077] Fig. 3 represents modules embedded in a management device, such as the management device 22 belonging to the system 20 of Fig. 2, according to an example of implementation of the invention.

[0078] As illustrated by [Fig.3], the management device 22 includes in particular a M0D_DET module for determining a probability that a user equipment, located within the geographical area ZG served by the base station, will receive data from the base station with a given rate, and a M0D_PR0C module for processing said probability, the functionalities of which are described in more detail with reference to [Fig.5].

[0079] Fig. 4 schematically represents an example of the hardware architecture of the management device 22 belonging to the system 20 of Fig. 2.

[0080] As illustrated by [Fig. 4], the management device 22 has the hardware architecture of a computer. Thus, the management device 22 includes, in particular, a processor 1, a random access memory 2, a read-only memory 3 and a non-volatile memory 4. It also has communication means 5.

[0081] The read-only memory 3 of the management device 22 constitutes a storage medium according to the invention, readable by the processor 1, on which a computer program PROG according to the invention is stored, comprising instructions for executing steps of the configuration process. The PROG program defines functional modules of the management device 22, which rely on or control the hardware elements 1 to 5 of the management device 22 mentioned above. These functional modules are illustrated in [Fig. 4] by way of no limitation, and are described in more detail below with reference to different embodiments.

[0082] In specific implementation modes, the communication means 5 enable the management device 22 to exchange data with any equipment of the wireless communication system 20, including the RISs 20_j of assembly E, via a telecommunications network. For this purpose, the means of communication 5 includes a communication interface, wired or wireless, capable of implementing any suitable protocol known to a person skilled in the art.

[0083] Fig. 5 represents, in flowchart form, a particular mode of implementation of the configuration process executed by the management device 22.

[0084] In the present embodiment, the configuration process includes a first step S100 during which the impact of the deployment of RISs within the geographical area ZG on the transmission of radio signals between the base station 21 and the user equipment 23 is determined. This impact of the RISs is characterized by the two parameters Jr and f?. This step is implemented, for example, by the MOD_DET module of the management device 22.

[0085] When the distribution of RISs within the geographical area ZG is homogeneous, the parameter Jr is expressed as follows: 1 or, where Jr is a complex number:

[0086] where Jrï expresses himself:

[0087] In this expression, Rc is the radius of the geographical area ZG, 7 is a parameter representing a power loss of the emitted radio signal as a function of the distance separating the base station and the user equipment, Kr is a factor characterizing the amplitude of the signal reflected by an RIS, and M and are the coordinates of any point in a cylindrical coordinate system within the geographical area ZG.

[0088] Figure 6 represents the geographical area ZG served by the base station 21. In this figure 6, Rc is the maximum radius of the geographical area ZG, r represents the distance separating the base station 21 and a RIS and r' represents the distance separating a RIS from the user equipment 23.

[0089] The parameter Ï2 is then expressed as follows: Oj ~ K i -F d" K — Çr H

[0090] In this expression, Kt is a factor characterizing the power loss between the base station 21, the RISs and a user equipment 23, and ^ is the value of the density of RISs within the geographical area ZG, d represents the distance between the base station 21 and the user equipment and & represents the wave number of the radio signal emitted.

[0091] When the distribution of RISs within the geographical area ZG is heterogeneous, the parameter Jr is expressed as follows: | or, where Jr is a complex number: t / * J __ :

[0092] where Jr} and Q are expressed: O — ~J - / G GUIL ïG

[0093] Once the values ​​of parameters Jr and Q have been obtained, the configuration process includes a step S200 during which the probability d that a user device will receive data from the base station at a given rate is determined. This step is implemented, for example, by the MOD_DET module of the management device 22.

[0094] Such a probability is expressed as follows:

[0095] (A

[0096] where 9 is the probability of not reaching the given flow rate (and (1-q) the probability of reaching the given flow rate),

[0097] P is the value of the transmission power of the radio signal,

[0098] is the rate at which the data transmitted by the base station is received by the user equipment,

[0099] It is the bandwidth of the radio signal,

[0100] ^th is the thermal noise measured at the user equipment level, and

[0101] G characterizes the total power loss, between the base station 21 and the user equipment 23, of the transmitted radio signal calculated taking into account the density of RISs within the geographical area ZG.

[0102] The receive rate D depends on the values ​​of the parameters Jr and / 2. More specifically, the receive rate D is expressed as follows:

[0103] D=Wr i, PQLo^-g))

[0104] The probability # is then compared to a first threshold SL. This S300 probability processing step is implemented for example by the M0D_PR0C module of the management device 22.

[0105] When the probability 0 is greater than or equal to the first threshold SI, this means that the receiving rate is greater than a target value, set for example by the telecommunications network operator to which base station 21 belongs.

[0106] In such a case, it is then advantageous to reduce the transmission power of base station 21 in order to reduce the energy consumption of the latter.

[0107] It may also be decided to reduce the number of RISs involved in the transmission of radio signals emitted by base station 21. Such a reduction in the number of RISs involved in transmission may result in a reduction in the number of RISs involved in the transmission of the radio signal between base station 21 and user equipment 23. Such a reduction in the number of RISs may consist, for example, of a modification of the phase shift introduced by the reflection elements of one or more RISs, and / or by moving some RISs to another part of the geographical area ZG or even outside of it.

[0108] An S400 processing step is then implemented. It comprises: - a transmission, to the control modules of the various RIS, of an instruction aimed at adapting the orientations of the reflecting elements of the various RIS in accordance with the determined positioning data, and / or - a transmission, to the control modules of the various RIS, of an instruction aimed at adapting the radioelectric properties of the reflecting elements to modify the phase angle of the various RIS, and / or - a transmission, to the control modules of the various RIS, of an instruction aimed at adapting the impedance of the reflecting elements to modify the phase of the radio signal reflected by the RIS, and / or - when the RISs are mobile and / or are positioned on means allowing the RIS to move, a transmission, to the control modules of the different RISs, of an instruction aimed at adapting the positions of the different RISs.

[0109] When the probability # is less than the SI threshold, this means that the receive rate is less than a target value, set by the telecommunications network operator to which base station 21 belongs.

[0110] It is then advantageous to increase the transmission power of base station 21 and / or to increase the number of RISs involved in the transmission of radio signals emitted by the base station.

[0111] It may also be decided to increase the number of RISs involved in the transmission of radio signals emitted by base station 21. Such an increase in the number of RISs involved in the transmission can result in an increase in the number of RISs within the geographical area ZG. Such an increase in the number of RISs can, in turn, result, for example, in a modification of the phase shift introduced by the reflection elements of one or more RISs, and / or in the displacement of certain RISs towards a given portion of the geographical area ZG, or even the introduction into the geographical area ZG of RISs originating from another adjacent geographical area.

[0112] A processing step S400' is then implemented. It comprises: - a transmission, to the control modules of the various RIS, of an instruction aimed at adapting the orientations of the reflecting elements of the various RIS in accordance with the determined positioning data, and / or - a transmission, to the control modules of the various RIS, of an instruction aimed at adapting the radioelectric properties of the reflecting elements to modify the phase angle of the various RIS, and / or - a transmission, to the control modules of the various RIS, of an instruction aimed at adapting the impedance of the reflecting elements to modify the phase of the radio signal reflected by the RIS, and / or - when the RISs are mobile and / or are positioned on means allowing the RIS to move, a transmission, to the control modules of the different RISs, of an instruction aimed at adapting the positions of the different RISs.

[0113] It should be noted that the second threshold S2 may be equal to the first threshold SI. In this case, the value of the emission power and / or the value of the RIS density is modified when the probability is strictly less than the second threshold S2.

[0114] When the transmit power required to achieve the required receive rate is greater than the maximum transmit power of base station 21, the configuration process determines the maximum receive rate in a step S500

[0115]

[0116]

[0117] which can be achieved by emitting a radio signal at maximum transmission power. To do this, we calculate the following probability: -P ma: (W)“ where Pmax is the maximum transmission power of base station 21.

Claims

Demands

1. A method for configuring a communication system comprising at least one access point of a telecommunications network, said method comprising: - determining a probability that a user equipment, located within a geographical area served by the access point, will receive data from the access point with a given rate, said probability being a function of at least: • a value of a transmission power of said radio signal; and • a value representing a density of reconfigurable smart surfaces, capable of broadcasting a radio signal emitted by the access point to the user equipment, located within the geographical area; - modifying at least one of these values ​​according to the determined probability.

2. Configuration method according to claim 1 wherein, when the probability is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the modification consists of a reduction in the value of the radio signal transmission power and / or a reduction in the number of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area.

3. Configuration method according to claim 1 wherein, when the probability is less than or equal to a second threshold, the modification consists of an increase in the transmission power of the radio signal and / or an increase in the number of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area.

4. A configuration method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein a value of a bandwidth of the emitted radio signal is also modified according to probability.

5. A configuration method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the distribution of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area is homogeneous.

6. A configuration method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the distribution of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area is heterogeneous.

7. A configuration method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the probability that the user equipment receives said data with a given rate is expressed as: log(l-ç)- iiP'b where is the probability of not reaching the given rate, (and ( 1-q) the probability of reaching the given rate) P is the value of the transmit power of the radio signal, is the rate with which the data transmitted by the access point is received by the user equipment, W is the bandwidth of the radio signal, Nth is the thermal noise measured at the level of the user equipment, and Œ characterizes the total power loss, between the access point and the user equipment, of the transmitted radio signal calculated taking into account the density of reconfigurable smart surfaces within the geographical area.

8. Electronic management device configured to implement the method of configuring a communications system according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

9. Access point of a telecommunications network comprising at least one electronic device according to claim 6.

10. A communication system comprising at least one access point of a telecommunications network serving a geographical area within which are located: - at least one user device communicating with the access point; and - a plurality of reconfigurable smart surfaces capable of broadcasting a radio signal emitted by the access point to the user device; said communication system further comprising at least one electronic management device according to claim 6.

11. A computer program containing instructions for implementing a method for configuring a configuration system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, when said program is executed by a computer.

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