ROOF CROSSING ASSEMBLY, RELATED MANUFACTURING METHOD, AND CONNECTION SYSTEM

Abstract

Roof penetration assembly, related manufacturing method, and connection system. The invention relates to a roof penetration assembly (1), comprising, on the one hand, a socket tile (2) made of a first material, for use as part of a building roof, said socket tile (2) comprising a socket (3) projecting outwards from the building, and on the other hand, a first external element (6) having a central opening (7) and being made of a second material, said first element (6) covering said socket (2) to connect the opening (7) with the interior (4) of said socket (3), said second material having a higher porosity than said first material. Roof penetration assemblies for air intake or exhaust. Figure 5

Description

Title of the invention: ROOF CROSSING ASSEMBLY, MANUFACTURING METHOD RELATED, AND CONNECTION SYSTEM

[0001] The present invention relates to the general technical field of building ventilation systems and equipment, in particular VMC (Mechanical Ventilation Controlled) systems, and also falls within the general field of construction, in particular the installation of roofs and coverings.

[0002] The present invention relates more specifically to a roof penetration assembly, comprising at least: - a socket tile made of a first material, intended to be part of a building's roof, said socket tile comprising a socket intended to protrude outwards from the building, - a first external element which has a central orifice and which is made of a second material, said first external element being designed to cap said socket in order to put said central orifice into communication with the inside of said socket.

[0003] The present invention further relates to a connection system for connecting an internal air network of a building with the outside, comprising at least one roof penetration assembly as described above.

[0004] The objects assigned to the present invention are finally achieved using a method for manufacturing a roof penetration assembly comprising at least: - a primary step in the production of a socket tile from a first material, said socket tile being intended to form part of a building's roof and comprising a socket intended to protrude outwards from the building, - a secondary step of making a first external element out of a second material, said first external element having a central orifice and being designed to cap said socket in order to put said central orifice into communication with the inside of said socket.

[0005] Air intake and exhaust systems are generally used to introduce outside air into buildings, such as dwellings and commercial and industrial facilities, and then to expel stale air from said buildings. Mechanical Controlled Ventilation (MCV) systems, single or double flow, are particularly well-suited to this use, which also applies to other similar applications: kitchen hood exhaust, tumble dryer exhaust, etc. These systems include Typically, there is at least one air duct running from the room to be ventilated to an opening to the outside, as well as an active ventilation device, either to draw air out of the room, to draw outside air into the room to be ventilated, or both. The building may have an air inlet, which connects to an inlet duct, which in turn connects to the room to be ventilated, and / or an air outlet, which connects to an outlet duct, which also connects to the room to be ventilated. The building is generally also equipped with one or more active ventilation devices (or "forced ventilation"), for example, an air inlet ventilation device and / or an air outlet ventilation device, each connected to one of the ducts. The air inlet and outlet openings of mechanical ventilation systems are often located at roof level.

[0006] The openings of VMC systems located on roofs thus present particular constraints. They must allow air to pass through, both in and out, without allowing rain and other undesirable elements (such as dead leaves, snow, etc.) to enter the openings and therefore the building concerned, while adapting to the roof of the latter.

[0007] It is thus known to implement metal roof penetration devices, essentially comprising a metal plate designed to be attached to and integrated with the roof, a socket projecting upwards from the plate, and finally a metal cap element to cover the socket. The socket, in this case, consists of a raised edge extending from the plate and defining an air passage opening. The interior of the socket is connected, via a roof opening located beneath the plate and various connections (ducts, etc.), to an internal ventilation system within the building. The cap element prevents the introduction of unwanted elements into the socket, such as rainwater, snow, or other debris from outside the building.This is particularly important because the introduction of water into the ventilation system can damage the ventilation ducts or the roof itself, especially by wetting it. This can compromise the insulation (roof insulation is often very sensitive to moisture), the waterproofing, and even, in the long term, the roof structure, consequently leading to particularly costly repairs (for example, replacing the insulation, which may require dismantling part of the roof). The cap element, for example, includes a horizontal metal disc with lateral vents underneath. These vents allow air to pass in and out of the socket, while the horizontal metal disc limits or prevents rainwater and other unwanted elements from falling into the socket.

[0008] These known roof penetration systems, although they generally fulfill their function satisfactorily, nevertheless have certain imperfections relating in particular to their installation, their use, their modularity, their adaptability, their cost or their practicality.

[0009] In particular, these known roof penetration systems are difficult to install with certain roof geometries and arrangements, especially tiled roofs, with which the known roof penetration systems integrate very poorly, both aesthetically and mechanically and practically (difficult installation). Thus, the tiles adjacent to the metal plate are frequently obstructed by the bulk created by current roof penetration systems, often making the installation of these known systems complex, as well as their correct placement, for example, to ensure their visual integration with the roof and its watertightness. The known roof penetration systems require specific plates that are sometimes difficult to integrate with the tiles of certain roofs or with the structure of the roof (underlying lintels, etc.).), which can result in additional complications during the installation of such known systems, such as physical difficulty in setting up said systems and thus an increased risk of error by the roofer, a lack of waterproofing or mechanical resistance of the roof, or even an aesthetic inconsistency due to the particular shape of these known roof penetration systems, causing said plate, the socket protruding from it, and even the cap element, to stand out among the tiles in a visually exaggerated and unpleasant way.

[0010] Furthermore, known roof penetration systems, particularly those equipping the inlet ports of mechanical ventilation systems, are subject to problems of undesirable condensation. Indeed, the humidity of the air tends to cause significant condensation at the air inlet of mechanical ventilation systems, with water droplets forming in large quantities on the internal walls of known roof penetration systems, especially within the socket and the cap element. This water eventually runs off through the roof via the inside of the socket and enters the building. The condensate enters through the air inlet port, accumulates, and then infiltrates various parts of the building, particularly the roof.This poses a significant risk of contamination to the roof insulation, degrading its insulation performance, as well as health risks (humidity, bacteria, mold, rot, fungi, impurities, dirt, water damage, etc.) and potentially, in the long term, a failure of the roof's watertightness or even a structural risk (degradation of the wooden parts of the roof, for example, increased weight of the water-saturated insulation, etc.). Water entering the building is due to condensation forming in the penetration systems. Known roof leaks can also damage or even flood parts of the ventilation system, such as its electrical system, or even the building's electrical system. The consequences of the above pose an overall risk to the building, the goods stored within it, and even the people using the building, as well as significant costs when it becomes necessary (if the leaks are detected early enough, which is not always easy) to repair the roof, the ventilation system, and / or any other damaged part of the building. Finally, current regulations are increasingly imposing stringent limits on internal condensation in air intake and exhaust systems, particularly for mechanical ventilation systems.

[0011] The objects assigned to the present invention are therefore aimed at remedying the various disadvantages listed above and at proposing a new roof penetration assembly whose design allows it to be easily integrated into a roof, and which makes it possible to limit or even prevent in a particularly optimized way condensation problems at the air inlet or outlet orifices.

[0012] Another object of the invention aims to propose a new roof penetration assembly which, while being particularly easy to install, is also easily integrated into a very constrained environment such as the roof of a building.

[0013] Another object of the invention aims to propose a new roof crossing assembly which has a universal character and is suitable for a wide variety of roofs, in particular roofs with tiles.

[0014] Another object of the invention aims to propose a new roof penetration assembly of particularly compact, simple and robust construction.

[0015] Another object of the invention aims to propose a new roof penetration assembly which uses a minimum of components and is particularly intuitive and ergonomic to install.

[0016] Another object of the invention aims to provide a new roof crossing assembly whose design allows it to be installed with minimal effort and reduced manpower on a roof.

[0017] Another object of the invention aims to provide a new roof penetration assembly whose design allows it to be connected in a simple, secure and quick manner with the internal air network of a building.

[0018] Another object of the invention aims to propose a new roof penetration assembly, which is suitable for connecting the exterior of a building at the level of its roof with different types of air networks, and in particular standard ventilation ducts, without requiring any particular modification of the roof or the air ducts.

[0019] Another object of the invention aims to propose a new roof penetration assembly whose design allows for simple, economical and easy industrialization.

[0020] Another object of the invention aims to provide a new roof penetration assembly that requires only minimal maintenance.

[0021] Another object of the invention aims to propose a new roof crossing assembly, the installation of which on a roof does not degrade the external aesthetic appearance of the latter.

[0022] Another object of the invention aims to provide a new roof penetration assembly, the installation of which on a roof at the level of an air outlet or inlet of the latter within the framework of a VMC system, presents a high level of operational security both for said VMC system, and also excellent material preservation of said roof and of the building equipped with this roof, in particular against condensation water infiltration, and this in a durable manner.

[0023] Another object of the invention aims to propose a new roof penetration assembly whose design allows it, on the one hand, to be particularly easy to install and integrate into a very constrained environment such as the roof of a building, regardless of the type of tiles with which said roof is equipped, and on the other hand to ventilate said building without presenting higher aerodynamic pressure losses than those caused by known roof penetration systems.

[0024] Another object of the invention aims finally to propose a new connection system to put an internal air network of a building into communication with the outside, which is thus easy to install on all kinds of roofs and to connect with all kinds of air networks, and which is also simple to manufacture, economical and easy to industrialize, while presenting excellent robustness, optimized resistance to condensation water infiltration problems, and an aesthetic appearance ensuring great visual coherence to a roof with tiles.

[0025] Another object of the invention aims to propose a new manufacturing process for a roof penetration assembly which is both easy, fast and economical to implement, while presenting a limited number of steps achievable using common industrial installations and not presenting a significant additional cost.

[0026] The objects assigned to the present invention are reached using a roof penetration assembly comprising at least: - a socket tile made of a first material, intended to be part of a building's roof, said socket tile comprising a socket intended to protrude outwards from the building, - a first external element which has a central opening and which is made of a second material, said first external element being designed to cap said socket in order to connect said central orifice with the interior of said socket, said roof penetration assembly being characterized in that said second material has a higher porosity than said first material.

[0027] The objects assigned to the present invention are also reached using a connection system to establish communication between an internal air distribution network of a building and the outside, comprising at least: - a roof penetration assembly as described above, and - a sleeve designed to be attached to said crossing assembly roof, to connect the latter to an air duct of the air network, such as an air supply pipe, stale air exhaust pipe or smoke exhaust pipe, said sleeve preferably being made of plastic.

[0028] The objects assigned to the present invention are finally achieved using a method for manufacturing a roof penetration assembly comprising at least: - a primary step in the production of a socket tile from a first material, said socket tile being intended to form part of a building's roof and comprising a socket intended to protrude outwards from the building, - a secondary step of making a first external element out of a second material, said first external element having a central orifice and being designed to cap said socket in order to put said central orifice into communication with the inside of said socket, characterized in that said second material has a porosity greater than that of said first material.

[0029] Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent in more detail from the following description and with the aid of the accompanying figures provided for explanatory purposes only and not for limitation, in which:

[0030] [Fig-1] illustrates, schematically according to an exploded perspective view, a roof crossing assembly with, from top to bottom, a second upper element, a first upper element, and a socket tile, and a connection system with the roof crossing assembly and below the latter a sleeve, according to a particular embodiment of the invention.

[0031] [Fig.2] illustrates, according to a schematic side view, the assembled elements of the [Fig.l], and on the right a standard roof tile.

[0032] [Fig.3] illustrates, according to a schematic side view, a sagittal section, along plane S in [Fig.2], of the roof crossing assembly of figures 1 and 2, alone and in exploded view.

[0033] [Fig.4] illustrates, according to a schematic perspective view, the socket tile of the [Fig.l].

[0034] [Fig.5] illustrates, according to a schematic perspective view, the socket tile of [Fig.3], topped with the first outer element of [Fig.1].

[0035] [Fig.6] illustrates, according to a schematic perspective view, the socket tile and the first outer element of [Fig.5], the latter now being capped with the second outer element of [Fig.1], thus forming the assembled roof crossing of [Fig.2].

[0036] [Fig.7] illustrates, according to a schematic perspective view, the first external element of the [Fig.1], seen from above, that is to say from a viewpoint located above the roof.

[0037] [Fig.8] illustrates, according to a schematic perspective view, the first external element of the [Fig.6], seen from below, that is to say from a point of view located under the roof.

[0038] [Fig.9] illustrates, according to a schematic perspective view, the second external element of [Fig.1], seen from above, that is to say from a viewpoint located above the roof.

[0039] [Fig. 10] illustrates, according to a schematic perspective view, the second external element of [Fig.9], seen from below, that is to say from a point of view located under the roof.

[0040] The invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a roof penetration assembly 1 comprising at least one socket tile 2. A particular example of a socket tile 2 according to the invention is illustrated in the figures, in particular in [Fig. 3] where only the socket tile 2 is shown. This tile is, as is known, intended to be part of the roof of a building and comprises a socket 3 designed to project outwards from the building. The roof penetration assembly 1, and more specifically the socket tile 2, is preferably designed to be placed at the level of (i.e., corresponding to) a roof opening (not shown). This opening is essentially a hole in the roof to allow air to pass out of or into the building, more specifically to allow air to pass out of or into an internal ventilation system of the building for its ventilation.The interior 4 of the socket 3 is therefore preferably intended to communicate with the roof vent. The roof penetration assembly 1 is thus advantageously designed to allow air (or more generally gases) to pass from the outside to the roof vent, or conversely from the roof vent to the outside, while preventing unwanted solid or liquid elements (rainwater, snow, dead leaves, etc.) from entering the roof vent and therefore the building. The air (or other gas, but for simplicity we will refer to air) to be evacuated from the building therefore passes from the interior of a room in the building to the ventilation system, then the air passes through the aforementioned socket tile 2 and then exits from the roof penetration assembly 1 (this is obviously the reverse in the case of air to be drawn in). within the building). The socket 3 is in this case advantageously constituted by a raised edge rising (preferably upwards, opposite the building) from the rest of the socket tile 2, and delimiting a through orifice 4 for the passage of air within said socket tile 2. In other words, said socket tile 2 is, as its name indicates and as previously indicated, provided with a "socket" 3, which advantageously forms the through orifice 4 within the socket tile 2, designed to allow the passage of air (or other gas, such as smoke) out of the building (in the case of a roof opening for air intake, called an air outlet) or into the building (in the case of a roof opening for air intake, called an air inlet). Preferably, this through orifice 4 of air passage constitutes in substance the interior 4 of the socket 3.Indeed, when installing a ventilation system in a building with a tiled roof, it is generally necessary to connect an air network of the building to the tile with socket 2 in order to be able to eject the air (inside, and / or stale) outside of said building, and / or to be able to draw air (outside, and / or fresh) into said building (in the case of double flow CMV in particular).The air network is thus advantageously part of a ventilation system, which air network preferably includes a set of ducts for air circulation, including a stale air or smoke exhaust pipe (and / or an outside air intake pipe), while the ventilation system advantageously includes a mechanical ventilation device which is generally made up of one or more fans, that is to say one or more sets of blades driven in rotation by at least one electric motor, in order to draw the air present within the building out of it (or conversely, draw outside air into the building), passing through the air network.The roof penetration assembly 1 is thus preferentially intended to (and designed to) be connected, directly or indirectly, to an air intake pipe, and / or a stale air or smoke exhaust pipe (not illustrated here), which pipe therefore forms part of the ventilation system. The ventilation system may be a mechanical ventilation system (MVHR), an air conditioning system, a kitchen or laboratory exhaust hood, or any other similar system involving the extraction (and / or intake), preferably active or forced (i.e., using a fan), of air from a building (or of outside air into a building). The roof penetration assembly 1 of the invention thus advantageously allows the internal air network of the building to be mechanically and fluidly connected to the outside.

[0041] Said socket tile 2 is preferably designed to integrate harmoniously, both mechanically and aesthetically, with the other roof tiles 5, which are therefore preferably (at least for the majority) standard tiles 5 without a socket (i.e., without a through hole). An example of Standard tile 5 is illustrated in [Fig.2], on the right. Obviously, for example in the case of a double flow CMV, it is quite possible to implement several (at least two) similar roof penetration assemblies 1 conforming to the invention, for example one assembly 1 for the air inlet and another assembly 1 for the air outlet, each assembly 1 comprising a respective socket tile 2 as mentioned above and below, each assembly 1 further comprising the other respective elements mentioned below.

[0042] According to the invention, the roof penetration assembly 1 further comprises at least one first external element 6 having a central orifice 7. Said first external element 6 is designed to cap said socket 3 in order to connect said central orifice 7 with the interior of said socket 3. Thus, said first external element 6 is advantageously designed to be placed on said socket 3, so as to overcome the latter, and more precisely to overcome the raised edge formed by said socket 3. In other words, the first external element 6 is preferably designed to be placed on said socket tile 2, more precisely on the socket 3 thereof, in order to position the central orifice 7 of the first external element 6 opposite, or more precisely in continuity with, the interior 4 of the socket 3.Thus, when the first external element 6 is fitted to the socket 3, the central orifice 7 is positioned above, and in communication with, the interior 4 of the socket 3, that is, with the through orifice 4 of the latter. Advantageously, the first external element 6 is designed to fit over the socket 3 in such a way as to extend upwards the raised edge formed by the latter. "In communication" advantageously means here that the spaces mentioned are in fluidic communication with each other, preferably directly adjacent to each other. The first external element 6 is therefore preferably designed to be fitted against and onto the socket 3. Even more advantageously, the first external element 6 is designed to rest stably against and on the socket 3.

[0043] According to a particular embodiment, said first outer element 6 comprises an outer edge which has a generally substantially circular shape or a general convex regular polygon shape. In the example illustrated in the figures, the outer edge is circular in shape.

[0044] According to another particular embodiment, said first external element 6 has a general ring (and / or crown) shape, as in the example illustrated in the figures, and made particularly visible in figures 6 to 8.

[0045] According to the invention, said socket tile 2 is made of a first material. It is also preferably monobloc, that is to say, formed from a single piece, or in other words, said socket tile 2 is advantageously made in one piece. Also according to the invention, said first external element 6 is made of a second material. It is also preferably monobloc, that is to say formed from a single piece, or in other words, said first external element 6 is advantageously made from a single piece.

[0046] According to the invention, said second material has a higher porosity than said first material. Thus, the first outer element 6 has a higher porosity than said socket tile 2, or more precisely, the first outer element 6 is made of a material that has a higher porosity than the material in which said socket tile 2 is made. It has been found that by proceeding in this way, that is to say by placing the first outer element 6 on the socket tile 2, so as to cap the socket 3 with the first outer element 6, condensation does not accumulate at the roof outlet or inlet, despite the air movement, as with known conventional roof penetration systems, in particular metal systems.Indeed, thanks to the first outer element 6, and in particular thanks to its greater porosity (compared to that of the socket tile 2), the moisture from the incoming or outgoing air tends to be drained outwards from the socket 3, rather than accumulating and falling back inside 4 of the socket 3 and eventually into the building (which can, for example, degrade the roof insulation). Furthermore, again thanks to the particular porosity of the first outer element 6, it exhibits a relatively high "vaporization capacity" of condensate; that is to say, when condensate reaches the surface (especially the outer surface) of the first outer element 6, it tends to evaporate very quickly on the outside, thus preventing its accumulation and runoff into the roof penetration 1 (and therefore into the building).This vaporization capacity is particularly important due to the combination of the porosity of the first outer element 6 and the airflow passing through the roof penetration assembly 1, which increases both the exchange surface area (porosity) and the exchange rate (flow). The first outer element 6, specifically designed to cover the socket 3, gives a "sponge-like" character to part of the roof penetration assembly 1. This allows it to capture moisture at the top of the socket 3's through-hole 4, at its periphery, and to dissipate some of the moisture through evaporation or dripping onto the (external) contours of the first outer element 6, primarily due to its porous nature.The drainage of moisture towards the outside of the socket 3, the outside of the first external element 6, and more generally towards the outside of the entire roof penetration assembly 1, is thus achieved thanks to the particular porous characteristics of the first external element 6, both during the air intake phases within the ventilation system and during air exhaust from it. The moisture is naturally drained outwards by capillary action, thanks to the porous nature of the first external element. 6. In more detail, it is known that there is generally significant variability in air mass density and humidity levels. Consequently, air inlets and outlets in a roof, particularly for a mechanical ventilation system, experience a significant amount of condensation. In many homes, at night, the air masses (especially outside air) cool rapidly, and as a result, condensation forms more quickly due to the higher humidity and the rapidly decreasing temperature difference. The outside air cools, but the exterior and interior of the home remain warm.As air passes through the roof, it encounters significant temperature variations that promote the early formation of dew point, primarily due to the contact between the surfaces near the roof's air intake and exhaust vents and a large volume of humid air. Metallic materials are extremely susceptible to this phenomenon. On their surfaces, dew point forms very quickly, and the amount of condensation can become substantial (several liters overnight).Unlike the roof penetration assembly 1 of the invention, equipped with the first outer element 6 made of said second, particularly porous material, which acts like a sponge, known roof penetration systems (especially metallic ones) allow condensate to escape and run down their walls. The condensate then accumulates in conduits where bends form, for example, in the piping of the ventilation system and / or that of known roof penetration systems. Condensation also sometimes runs along the outer periphery of the piping and drips at its lowest point. When the conduits are completely full, they leak at the manifolds and fixing fittings. The roof insulation absorbs the condensate, and gravity directs the water towards the ceilings, which are the first to be affected.A halo forms on the Placoplatre, necessitating its replacement over a certain area (often several square meters), with complete redoing of the plastering and painting joints, and sometimes even replacement of part of the insulation, often carried out by a professional (at a cost of up to several thousand euros). The design of the roof penetration assembly 1, particularly when made of terracotta, and in any case thanks to the relative porosity of the first exterior element 6, generally eliminates the problem of dew point around the roof's air inlets and outlets.

[0047] Naturally, the socket tile 2 and the first external element 6 are very preferentially distinct from each other, that is to say, they each initially form a distinct object from the other, before the first external element 6 is placed on the socket tile 2 to cover the socket 3, or even attached to the latter (for example by gluing). Furthermore, the socket tile 2 and the first element The 6 exteriors each advantageously present their own mechanical properties, that is to say they are not flabby, and preferably are not very flexible or not flexible at all.

[0048] Obviously, the second material is preferably a (significantly) porous material, i.e., for example, with a porosity value greater than 2%. The first material is advantageously also a porous material. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the second material is terracotta. The first material is preferably also terracotta. Unless otherwise stated, the term "terracotta" mentioned above and below advantageously refers to a porous ceramic, and therefore preferably a non-vitrified ceramic (unlike stoneware and porcelain, for example, which are vitrified ceramics). The porous ceramic mentioned above is therefore preferably made of fired clay. In summary, according to the first embodiment, said first external element 6 is preferably made of terracotta, and said socket tile 2 is also advantageously made of terracotta.According to other variations, the first and / or second material can be made of any suitable porous material that is sufficiently strong, chosen for example from porous concretes and cements, porous mineral mixtures (gypsum, etc.), etc. The first and second materials can be similar, or different (for example, two terracottas of different compositions).

[0049] According to a particular embodiment, said second material advantageously has a porosity value greater than 6%, preferably greater than 6.5%, more preferably greater than 7%. Most preferably, said second material has a porosity value of at least greater than 5%. Preferably, said first material has a porosity value less than 7%, preferably less than 6.5%, more preferably less than 6%. Advantageously, said second material has a porosity value less than 25%, preferably less than 20%, more preferably less than 15%. A material that is too porous would also be unsuitable, particularly in terms of mechanical strength, durability, and protection against external water. For example, said second material has a porosity value of approximately 7.6% (+ / -0.5%).The first material, for example, has a porosity value of approximately 5.8% (+ / -0.5%). The porosity values ​​mentioned are preferably average values.

[0050] According to one embodiment, the socket tile 2 made of said first material is obtained by heating a primary material to a first maximum temperature. Advantageously, preferably in combination with the foregoing or alternatively independently, the first external element 6 made of said second material is obtained by heating a secondary material to a second Maximum temperature. Advantageously, said first maximum temperature is then strictly higher than said second maximum temperature, preferably more than 10°C higher than the latter. This is particularly useful when both the first and second materials are terracotta, as the difference in heating allows the second material, heated less intensely, to develop greater porosity than the first material. Indeed, it is preferable for the socket tile 2 to exhibit relative water tightness, or at least better water tightness, than the first external element 6. Advantageously, said first maximum temperature is between 990°C and 1010°C, for example, approximately 1000°C (+ / -1°C), for example, approximately 970°C (+ / -10°C). Equally advantageously, said second maximum temperature is between 960°C and 980°C, for example, approximately 970°C (+ / -1°C).

[0051] The roof penetration assembly 1 may further include a first fastening means designed to attach said socket tile 2 and said first external element 6 together, preferably permanently, i.e., in a non-easily reversible manner. Advantageously, the roof penetration assembly 1 includes a first adhesive compound connecting or designed to connect said socket tile 2 and said first external element 6 to each other. Said first adhesive compound preferably includes at least one enamel. The use of an enamel to connect said socket tile 2 and said first external element 6 is particularly advantageous, especially when the latter are made of terracotta, due to their compatibility and to prevent condensation formed at the first external element 6 from migrating extensively into the socket tile 2, and more particularly into the socket 3 or even within it.The enamel linking said socket tile 2 and said first external element 6 thus constitutes between them a kind of hydraulic bridge break.

[0052] According to the particular embodiment illustrated in the figures, the roof penetration assembly 1 further comprises at least one second substantially hollow external element 8. Said second external element 8 is advantageously designed to be installed on said first external element 6 in order to prevent external elements (in particular solid or liquid, for example rain, snow and / or dead leaves) from falling into the central opening 7 of the first external element 6 (and consequently into the socket 3), while allowing air to pass through (whether into or out of the roof), due in particular to its hollowness.

[0053] Advantageously, said second outer element 8 comprises at least one cap element 9. The latter is preferably designed to be positioned above the central orifice 7 (and therefore also above the through orifice of the socket 3), advantageously to protect said central orifice 7 (and the interior 4 of the socket 3) of external solid or liquid elements falling vertically. Thus, the cap element 9 is preferably designed to be placed opposite the central orifice 7 in order to prevent rainwater (and other undesirable elements) from falling into the latter (and therefore, consequently, from falling into the through orifice 4 of the socket 3).

[0054] Advantageously, said second outer element 8 further comprises at least one passage portion 10 connected to the cap element 9 and extending below it. Said passage portion 10 is preferably designed to allow air to pass between the outer and the central orifice 7. According to a particular embodiment, as illustrated in the figures, said passage portion 10 is provided with at least: • one or more side windows 11 opening onto the outside of the roof penetration assembly 1, and • of a free lower rim 12 delimiting at least one lower orifice 13 provided opposite the cap element 9, the lower orifice 13 being in communication with said side windows 11 via the interior (which is hollow) of the second outer element 8.

[0055] Thus, said second external element 8 is in particular designed to cap said first external element 6 in order to connect said lower orifice 13 with said central orifice 7, as illustrated in particular in [Fig. 3]. Obviously, preferably, the lower orifice 13 forms part of and / or communicates with the interior (hollow) of the second external element 8. In summary, advantageously, the second external element 8, being hollow, opens on the one hand, via said side windows 11 to the outside, and on the other hand, via said lower orifice 13 (at the level of said free lower edge 12), to the central orifice 7 (of the first external element 6), to the interior 4 of the socket 3, to an air passage opening provided in the roof, and / or to the interior of the building of which the roof is a part.The first outer element 6 essentially acts as a means of raising the second outer element 8, that is, a means of raising said second outer element 8 relative to the socket 3. Indeed, the first outer element 6 thus sits atop said socket 3, while the second outer element 8 sits atop said first outer element 6. The first outer element 6 is therefore advantageously designed to be placed directly on the socket tile 2 to be interposed between the second outer element 8 and said socket 3, as illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 and 6. Said first outer element 6 thus preferentially allows for a mechanical connection between, on the one hand, the socket tile 2 (and more specifically the socket 3) and, on the other hand, the second outer element 8.Furthermore, said second external element 8 is also preferably monobloc, that is to say formed from a single piece, or in other words, said second external element 8 is advantageously. manufactured as a single unit. The first and second external elements 6, 8 are very preferentially distinct from one another, that is to say, they each initially form a separate object, before the second external element 8 is placed on top of the first external element 6 to cap it, or even attached to it (for example, by gluing). Thus, the condensation that forms on the surfaces of the second external element 8 runs down these surfaces. Some of this condensation may be vaporized by the airflow at the level of the second external element 8, particularly if it is porous (the latter thus exhibiting its own "vaporization capacity"). The remaining condensation flows by gravity from the second external element 8 to the first external element 6 (and onto it), which therefore constitutes a physical interface between the second external element 8 and the socket 3.This physical interface is therefore porous, and consequently allows for the very rapid vaporization of any remaining condensate received by the first external element 6. This significant vaporization capacity results in particular from the porosity of said first external element 6 and the airflow through the roof penetration assembly 1. For example, a drop of condensate formed on a surface inside the second external element 8 will tend to run down by gravity onto the first external element 6, where it will be drained, carried away, and / or vaporized outside the roof penetration assembly 1, for example, into the outside air or along an external surface of the socket tile 2 (and not inside the socket 3 and then into the building). The roof penetration assembly 1 of the invention thus allows for the control of the humidity entering the building.Furthermore, the second external element 8 advantageously exhibits its own mechanical properties, that is to say, it is not flaccid, and preferably has little or no flexibility.

[0056] Said second external element 8 is made of a third material, which, according to a preferred embodiment, is a porous material. Said third material advantageously has a higher porosity than said first material. Optionally, the third material has a higher porosity than the second material. Said third material is, according to a particular embodiment, terracotta. Said second external element 8 is thus advantageously made of terracotta. According to a particular embodiment, said third material has a porosity value greater than 3%, preferably greater than 6%, more preferably greater than 8%. Preferably, said third material has a porosity value less than 25%, preferably less than 20%, more preferably less than 15%. Said third material has, for example, a porosity value of approximately 10.8% (+ / -0.5%).The porosity values ​​mentioned are preferably average values. The interest... The purpose of manufacturing the second outer element 8 from a porous material is to evacuate as much condensate as possible from the roof penetration assembly 1. Furthermore, the remaining condensate, formed on a surface of the second outer element 8, which nevertheless continues to flow towards the sleeve 3 and its interior 4, is drained outwards by the first outer element 6 (by capillary action, by gravity, and / or by construction), which is therefore interposed between said second outer element 8 and the sleeve 3. When the first and second outer elements 6, 8 are made of terracotta, this also helps to preserve the overall appearance of the roof, particularly when the standard tiles 5 are also made of terracotta.

[0057] The roof penetration assembly 1 may further include a second fastening means designed to attach said first outer element 6 and said second outer element 8 together, preferably permanently, i.e., in a non-(easily) reversible manner. Advantageously, the roof penetration assembly 1 includes a second adhesive compound connecting or designed to connect said first and second outer elements 6, 8 to each other. Said second adhesive compound preferably includes at least one enamel. Said second adhesive compound preferably offers the same advantages as the first adhesive compound when used, particularly when it includes an enamel, but between the first and second outer elements 6, 8. Said first and second adhesive compounds may optionally be identical, to streamline the installation of the roof penetration assembly 1.

[0058] According to a particular embodiment of the roof penetration assembly 1, the first outer element and the socket tile 2 are joined together before the roof penetration assembly 1 is installed on a roof, for example using the first fastening means and / or the first adhesive compound. According to another particular embodiment of the roof penetration assembly 1, preferably in combination with the preceding one but alternatively independently, the first and second outer elements 6, 8 are joined together before the roof penetration assembly 1 is installed on a roof, for example using the second fastening means and / or the second adhesive compound.Thus, before its delivery, and especially before its installation on the roof, the roof penetration assembly 1 is presented, according to a particular embodiment, as a single set of several pieces previously joined, preferably permanently, to each other, and more preferably without any degree of freedom between them (preferably three pieces, from bottom to top: socket tile 2, first outer element 6, second outer element 8).

[0059] Preferably, said cap element 9 has, as illustrated in the figures, a generally circular shape, for example a dome or disc shape with a concavity. Said cap element 9 preferably has a The concavity (intended to be) facing the lower opening 13. Said concavity preferably has a variable radius of curvature, as can be seen in particular in [Fig. 3]. Advantageously, the radius of curvature is greatest in a central area of ​​said concavity than in a peripheral area surrounding said central area. Thus, the cap element 9 advantageously has an upward-facing convexity (associated with said concavity). This allows, in particular, for greater compactness and ease of manufacture of the cap element 9, and more generally of the second outer element 8. Said cap element 9 is therefore advantageously intended to be located at the very top of the second outer element 8. Furthermore, according to the particular embodiment illustrated in the figures, said passage portion 10 comprises or is formed by a second lateral wall.The side windows 11 are preferably provided through said second side wall. This wall advantageously flares outwards from the free lower rim 12 to the cap element 9, having, for example, a general shape of the side wall of an inverted truncated cone. This allows the condensate water to be directed away from the interior 4 of the sleeve 3. Said cap element 9 advantageously has a peripheral edge 14 extending, preferably radially and / or in a horizontal plane, beyond the passage portion 10, as illustrated in the figures. This allows the condensate water to drip away from the interior 4 of the sleeve 3. Said peripheral edge 14 preferably includes a portion projecting downwards, in order to better direct the condensate outwards, said portion being preferably located away from, and outwards from, the passage portion 10.

[0060] Advantageously, said side windows 11: - each have a trapezoidal shape, preferably a general isosceles trapezoidal shape with a shorter base at the bottom and a longer base at the top, and / or - are distributed regularly radially around and / or along the passage portion, and / or - each have a useful air passage area of ​​between 40 and 60 cm2, preferably approximately equal to 50 cm2 (+ / - 2 cm2).

[0061] The aforementioned characteristics of the side windows 11 make it possible, in particular, to optimize the aerodynamic characteristics of the roof penetration assembly 1. In other words, they positively influence the airflow through the roof penetration assembly 1. Specifically, the trapezoidal shape provides better exhaust (or intake) of the airflow than if the side windows 11 were circular or rectangular. Moreover, the general shape of an isosceles trapezoid with a smaller base at the bottom and a larger base at the top is preferred to its inverse (isosceles trapezoid with a larger base at the bottom and a smaller base at the top), because it allows for excellent exhaust (or inlet) of airflow. It has been observed that the majority of the airflow passes through the upper part of the side windows 11, particularly when they have a general isosceles trapezoidal shape with a shorter base at the bottom and a longer base at the top, and therefore the majority of the airflow passes close to (and thus just below) said longer base. The roof penetration assembly 1 is easily adaptable to different types of roof air inlet or outlet openings, and in particular to openings with a cross-sectional diameter between 10 and 22 cm, preferably between 12 and 20 cm, more preferably between 14 and 18 cm, for example approximately 16 cm (+ / - 1 cm). The relevant cross-section mentioned above works particularly well with the aforementioned air inlet or outlet dimensions.

[0062] According to the particular embodiment illustrated in the figures, said first external element 6 comprises a first lateral wall delimiting said central opening 7. Said first lateral wall thus advantageously extends around the central opening 7. Externally, said first lateral wall may be circular, for example, as illustrated in the figures. However, the central opening 7 may be circular, but it may also have a different shape, for example, a substantially oblong shape as illustrated in the figures.

[0063] Advantageously, said first side wall extends generally upwards substantially vertically, and measures, for example (vertically), between 2 and 14 cm, preferably between 4 and 10 cm. Said second side wall extends preferably generally upwards, substantially obliquely, and measures, for example, between 3 and 18 cm, preferably between 4 and 12 cm. Said first and second side walls are advantageously designed to be arranged, generally, in line or continuous with each other, when the second outer element 8 covers the first outer element 6.

[0064] Said first side wall preferably extends between a free lower edge 15, intended to be oriented downwards, and a free upper edge 16, intended to be oriented upwards. In the example illustrated in the figures, the free lower edge 15 has a general crown shape (surrounding the central opening 7), and the free upper edge 16 has a disc shape with an oblong hole (forming part of the central opening 7), but the free upper edge 16 could have another shape, for example a crown shape (also surrounding the central opening 7). Particularly advantageously, said first side wall has, in the vicinity or at the level of said free lower edge 15, a peripheral rim 19 projecting outwards. This allows water from part of the condensate to drip away from the inside 4 of the socket 3, towards the outside, for example onto an outside part of the socket tile 2.

[0065] Furthermore, said first side wall advantageously comprises at least one lower stop rim 17 designed to be placed, preferably in a fitted manner, on said sleeve 3. Preferably, said sleeve 3 is itself provided with a free upper rim 20, 21, which has at least a first upper portion 20 designed to be positioned, preferably in a fitted manner, opposite and / or in contact with said lower stop rim 17 when said first external element 6 covers said sleeve 3. The free upper rim 20, 21, and in particular the first upper portion 20, advantageously constitutes an upper end of the sleeve 3, the latter therefore extending below said free upper rim 20, 21.

[0066] According to the particular embodiment illustrated in the figures, said first side wall further forms a lower shoulder 18 extending downwards from the lower stop rim 17 to the lower free edge 15. According to an advantageous variant, said lower shoulder 18 surrounds said lower stop rim 17. Preferably, when said first outer element 6 covers said sleeve 3, said lower shoulder 18 surrounds at least those parts of said first upper portion 20 that are in contact with the lower stop rim 17. The latter is preferably designed to be located higher than the lower free edge 15.

[0067] According to a particular variant, which is illustrated in the figures, the first free upper portion 20 borders the interior 4 of the sleeve 3. In other words, the first free upper portion 20 is advantageously designed to surround the part of the interior 4 of the sleeve which opens outwards, upwards, towards the first external element 6 and / or towards the second external element 8.

[0068] Said free upper rim 16 further comprises, according to an alternative (optional but advantageous, and combined or not with the preceding ones), a second free upper portion 21 adjacent to said first upper portion 20. Said second free upper portion 21 is preferably positioned towards the outside of the sleeve 3 relative to said first free upper portion 20. Said second free upper portion 21 is, for example, provided with a plurality of upwardly projecting elements, forming, for example, teeth, slots, or grooves, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 4. Said second free upper portion 21 is in particular designed to be positioned under the first outer edge 6, and advantageously under the free upper rim 16 and / or under the lower stop rim 17, without necessarily being in contact with the latter.Thus, the said second free upper portion 21 constitutes a kind of "scraper" which provides an additional "ventilation" surface to generate evaporation during phases of significant moisture absorption, that is to say when conditions are met to usually form large quantities of condensate.

[0069] According to a particular embodiment, which is illustrated in the figures, said first side wall comprises at least one upper stop rim 22 intended to be oriented upwards. Said upper stop rim 22 is preferably, as its name indicates, designed to come into contact (at least partially) with the second outer element 8. Said lower shoulder 18 advantageously extends upwards between the lower free edge 15 and the upper stop rim 22. The latter is preferably designed to be located lower than the upper free edge 16. Said first side wall further advantageously forms an upper shoulder 23 extending upwards from the upper stop rim 22 to the upper free edge 16. Preferably, said upper stop rim 22 surrounds said upper shoulder 23.The upper shoulder 23 extends advantageously, from bottom to top, between the lower stop rim 17 and the free upper rim 16. The lower shoulder 18 and upper shoulder 23 each have, for example, a generally annular shape.

[0070] In the particular embodiment illustrated in the figures, said upper shoulder 23 is designed to be positioned, preferably in a fitted manner, within the lower orifice 13 (of the second external element 8), the latter and said upper shoulder 18 advantageously having shapes substantially conjugated with each other.

[0071] Said lower free rim 12 (of the second outer element 8) is designed to be positioned, preferably with a tight fit, on said upper stop rim 22. The latter and said lower free rim 15 advantageously have substantially complementary shapes. Said upper stop rim 22, for example, has a general crown shape.

[0072] Thus, more generally, a portion (for example the upper shoulder 23) of the first outer element 6 is advantageously designed to be inserted, preferably in a fitted manner, within the second upper element 8, in order to guarantee the mechanical connection between these two upper elements 6, 8. Similarly, more generally, a portion (for example at least a part of the first upper portion 20) of the sleeve 3 is advantageously designed to be inserted, preferably in a fitted manner, within the first upper element 6, in order to guarantee the mechanical connection between the sleeve 3 and the first outer element 6.Such a configuration not only partially guarantees the mechanical connection between the different parts of the roof penetration assembly 1, but also optimizes the drainage of condensate to the outside, particularly thanks to the "stepped" shape of the first external element 6, as can be seen in particular in figures 3, 7 and 8.

[0073] The invention further relates, according to a second aspect, to a connection system for linking an internal air distribution network of a building with the outside. Thus, the connection system advantageously allows either air (outside the building) to enter the air distribution network (and therefore enter the building), or air (inside the building) to exit the air distribution network (and therefore exit the building).

[0074] According to the invention, the connection system comprises at least: - a roof penetration assembly 1 as described above (and below), and - a 24mm sleeve designed to be secured to said crossing assembly roof 1, to connect the latter to an air duct of the air network, such as an air supply pipe, stale air exhaust pipe or smoke exhaust pipe.

[0075] A particular embodiment of the sleeve 24 is illustrated in figures 1 and 2. Said sleeve is preferably made of plastic.

[0076] Said sleeve 24 is preferably designed to be inserted at least partially inside 4 of the socket 3, to connect the socket tile 2 to the air duct of the air network.

[0077] Optionally, the first upper portion 20 (of the sleeve 3) includes upwardly projecting parts designed to make direct contact with the first outer element 6, and downwardly recessed parts relative to the projecting parts. These recessed and projecting parts thus form a kind of crenellation on the first upper portion, as can be seen in [Fig. 4]. The sleeve 24 advantageously includes locking lugs 25 designed to fit into these recessed parts in order to hold the sleeve 24 in position relative to the sleeve 3. The locking lugs 25 can be inserted into the recessed parts, for example, by deforming elastic portions of the sleeve 24.

[0078] The invention further relates, according to a second aspect, to a method of manufacturing a roof penetration assembly 1, preferably the one already mentioned above.

[0079] The manufacturing process according to the invention comprises at least: - a primary step of producing a socket tile 2 from a first material, said socket tile 2 being intended to be part of a building's roof and comprising a socket 3 intended to protrude outwards from the building, - a secondary step of making a first external element 6 out of a second material, said first external element 6 having a central orifice 7 and being designed to cover said socket 3 in order to put said central orifice 7 in communication with the interior 4 of said socket 3,

[0080] said second material having a porosity greater than that of said first material.

[0081] For example, during said primary manufacturing step, a primary material is heated to a first maximum temperature to obtain the socket tile 2 made of said first material, and during said secondary manufacturing step, a secondary material is heated to a second maximum temperature to obtain the first exterior element made of said second material. Said first maximum temperature is advantageously strictly higher than said second maximum temperature, preferably more than 10°C higher than the latter. Said first maximum temperature is, for example, between 990°C and 1010°C, for example approximately 1000°C (+ / -1°C), for example approximately 970°C (+ / -10°C). Said second maximum temperature is between 960°C and 980°C, for example approximately 970°C (+ / -1°C).

[0082] The manufacturing process according to the invention advantageously further comprises a tertiary step of producing a second, substantially hollow, external element 8, as previously mentioned, from a third material. For example, during said tertiary production step, a tertiary material is heated to a third maximum temperature to obtain the second external element 8 made from said third material. Said first maximum temperature is advantageously strictly higher than said third maximum temperature, preferably more than 10°C higher than the latter. Said third maximum temperature is, for example, between 990°C and 1010°C, for example approximately 1000°C (+ / -1°C), for example approximately 970°C (+ / -10°C). Said second and third maximum temperatures may optionally be substantially similar (within 10°C).

[0083] Obviously, since the first material is advantageously the result of firing the primary material, said first material and primary material preferably have substantially similar compositions. Similarly, since the second material is advantageously the result of firing the secondary material, said second material and secondary material preferably have substantially similar compositions. Furthermore, since the third material is advantageously the result of firing the tertiary material, said third material and tertiary material preferably have substantially similar compositions.

[0084] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, said first material and / or the primary material is a previously de-aerated terracotta. Thus, said socket tile 2 is preferably made of previously de-aerated terracotta. “Not previously de-aerated” advantageously designates, in general, the fact that the material in question has not undergone vacuum or near-vacuum treatment (before cooking), in order to reduce the presence of bubbles within it.

[0085] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, implemented with the preceding one or independently, said second material and / or the secondary material is a previously de-aerated terracotta. Thus, said first exterior element 6 is preferably made of previously de-aerated terracotta.

[0086] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, implemented with the preceding ones or independently, said third material and / or the tertiary material is terracotta that has not been previously deaerated. Thus, said second external element 8 is preferably made of terracotta that has not been previously deaerated. “Not previously deaerated” advantageously designates, in general, the fact that the material concerned has not undergone vacuum or near-vacuum treatment (before firing).

[0087] The first material and / or the primary material advantageously has a particle size between 1000 and 2000 qm, preferably between 1200 and 1800 qm, more preferably between 1400 and 1600 qm, for example about 1500 qm (+ / - 50 qm).

[0088] The second material and / or the secondary material advantageously has a particle size between 1000 and 2000 qm, preferably between 1200 and 1800 qm, more preferably between 1400 and 1600 qm, for example approximately equal to 1500 qm (+ / - 50 qm).

[0089] The third material and / or the tertiary material advantageously has a particle size between 250 and 750 qm, preferably between 300 and 700 qm, more preferably between 400 and 600 qm, for example approximately equal to 500 qm (+ / - 50 qm).

[0090] The first material and / or the primary material is / are, for example, formed, by weight, at least by: - between 17% and 27%, preferably between 19% and 25%, more preferably between 21% and 23%, of a first clay, - between 22% and 32%, preferably between 24% and 30%, more preferably between 26% and 28%, of a second clay, - between 39% and 49%, preferably between 41% and 47%, more preferably between 43% and 45%, of a third clay, and - between 4% and 10%, preferably between 5% and 9%, more preferably between 6% and 8%, of a degreasing agent.

[0091] The second material and / or the secondary material is / are, for example, formed, by weight, at least by: - between 20% and 30%, preferably between 22% and 28%, more preferably between 24% and 26%, of a first clay, - between 24% and 34%, preferably between 26% and 32%, more preferably between 28% and 31%, of a second clay, - between 31% and 41%, preferably between 33% and 39%, more preferably between 35% and 37%, of a third clay, and - between 7% and 13%, preferably between 8% and 12%, more preferably between 9% and 11%, of a degreasing agent.

[0092] The third material and / or the tertiary material is / are, for example, formed, by weight, at least by: - between 17% and 27%, preferably between 19% and 25%, more preferably between 21% and 23%, of a first clay, - between 22% and 32%, preferably between 24% and 30%, more preferably between 26% and 28%, of a second clay, - between 39% and 49%, preferably between 41% and 47%, more preferably between 43% and 45%, of a third clay, and - between 4% and 10%, preferably between 5% and 9%, more preferably between 6% and 8%, of a degreasing agent.

[0093] An example of a degreasing agent as mentioned above is feldspar, preferably feldspar with an average particle size of between 20 and 60 µm, more preferably between 30 and 50 µm, and even more preferably between 35 and 45 µm. The first clay is preferably a lean clay, the second clay is advantageously a fat clay, and the third clay is preferably a tile clay.

[0094] Examples of the said first, second and third clays that can be used are given, by way of example, in Table 1 below, the proportion of each compound being indicated by weight, with ranges of possible values ​​(other mixtures being of course conceivable).

[0095] [Tables 1] First clay Second clay Third clay Illite 49-53% 56-60% 42-49% Montmorillonite 14-18% 24-28% 18-22% Quartz 23-25% 10-13% 18-22% Feldspar 5-7% 2-4% 3-6% Silt 2-4% 1-3% 8-11%

[0096] According to a particular embodiment, the first material has a chemical composition substantially identical to that of the third material, although their physical characteristics may vary (in particular porosity, strength, watertightness, etc.) due to variations in their respective manufacturing processes. The primary material therefore has, in this embodiment, a chemical composition substantially identical to that of the tertiary material. This makes it possible, in particular, to streamline manufacturing, since the socket tile 2 and the second external element 8 advantageously (together or individually) have a significantly greater weight than the first external element 6.

[0097] Advantageously, the second material has a chemical composition that is substantially different from that of the first material and / or the third material. Obviously, the secondary material then has a chemical composition that is substantially different from that of the primary material and / or the tertiary material.

[0098] The preceding description, concerning the roof penetration assembly 1, therefore preferably also applies to the connection system and the manufacturing process according to the invention, for the common elements, and conversely, the preceding description concerning the connection system and the manufacturing process preferably also applies to the roof penetration assembly 1 according to the invention, for the common elements.

[0099] In general, the terms "first", "first", "second", "third", etc. constitute indications for identification purposes, without constituting a particular numerical hierarchy.

Claims

Demands

1. A roof penetration assembly (1) comprising at least: - a socket tile (2) made of a first material, intended to be part of a roof of a building, said socket tile (2) comprising a socket (3) intended to project outwards from the building, - a first external element (6) which has a central orifice (7) and which is made of a second material, said first external element (6) being designed to cap said socket (3) in order to connect said central orifice (7) with the interior of said socket (3), said roof penetration assembly (1) being characterized in that said second material has a higher porosity than said first material.

2. Roof penetration assembly (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said second material has a porosity value greater than 6%, preferably greater than 6.5%, more preferably greater than 7%.

3. Roof crossing assembly (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second material is terracotta, preferably terracotta that has been previously de-aerated.

4. Roof penetration assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a first adhesive compound connecting or designed to connect said socket tile (2) and said first external element (6) to each other, said first adhesive compound preferably comprising at least one enamel.

5. Roof crossing assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first outer element (6) comprises an outer edge which has a generally substantially circular shape or a general convex regular polygon shape.

6. Roof crossing assembly (1) any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first outer element (6) has a general ring shape.

7. Roof penetration assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first outer element (6) comprises a first side wall delimiting said central opening (7) and extending between a free lower edge (15), intended to be turned downwards, and a free upper edge (16), intended to be turned upwards, said first side wall comprising at least one lower stop rim (17) designed to be placed, preferably in a fitted manner, on said socket (3).

8. Roof crossing assembly (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said first side wall further forms a lower shoulder (18) extending downwards from the lower stop rim (17) to the lower free edge (15), said lower shoulder (18) surrounding said lower stop rim (17).

9. Roof penetration assembly (1) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that said first side wall has, in the vicinity or at the level of said free lower edge (15), a peripheral bead (19) projecting outwards.

10. Roof penetration assembly (1) any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that said sleeve (3) is provided with a free upper rim (20, 21), which has at least a first upper portion (20) designed to be positioned, preferably in a fitted manner, opposite and / or in contact with said lower stop rim (17) when said first outer element (6) covers said sleeve (3).

11. Roof penetration assembly (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first free upper portion (20) borders the inside (4) of the sleeve (3), and in that said free upper rim (20, 21) further comprises a second free upper portion (21) adjacent to said first upper portion (20) and positioned towards the outside of the sleeve (3) relative to said first free upper portion (20), said second free upper portion (21) being provided with a plurality of elements projecting upwards, forming for example teeth, slots, or grooves.

12. Roof penetration assembly (1) any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that said first wall lateral includes at least one upper stop rim (22) intended to be turned upwards, said first lateral wall further forming an upper shoulder (23) extending upwards from the upper stop rim (22) to the free upper edge (16), said upper stop rim (22) going around said upper shoulder (23).

13. A roof penetration assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a second, substantially hollow, external element (8), comprising at least: - a cap element (9), - a passage portion (10) connected to and extending below the cap element (9), said passage portion (10) being provided with: • one or more side windows (11) opening onto the outside of the roof penetration assembly (1), and • a free lower rim (12) delimiting at least one lower opening (13) provided opposite the cap element (9), the lower opening (13) being in communication with said side windows (11) via the interior of the second external element (8),said second external element (8) being designed to cap said first external element (6) in order to connect said lower orifice (13) with said central orifice (7).

14. Roof crossing assembly (1) according to claims 12 and 13, characterized in that said lower free rim (12) is designed to be positioned, preferably in a fitted manner, on said upper stop rim (22), the latter and said lower free rim (15) advantageously having substantially conjugate forms with each other.

15. Roof penetration assembly (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said upper shoulder (23) is designed to be positioned, preferably in a fitted manner, within the lower opening (12), the latter and said upper shoulder (23) presenting advantageous forms substantially combined with one another.

16. Roof penetration assembly (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that said second outer element (8) is made of a third material, said third material having a porosity greater than that of said first material.

17. Roof crossing assembly (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that said second external element is made of terracotta.

18. Roof penetration assembly (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that it comprises a second adhesive compound connecting or designed to connect said first and second external elements (6, 8) to each other, said second adhesive compound preferably comprising at least one enamel.

19. Roof penetration assembly (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that said cap element (9) has: - a general circular shape, and / or - a concavity facing the lower orifice, said concavity preferably having a variable radius of curvature, and / or - a peripheral edge (14) extending, preferably radially and / or in a horizontal plane, beyond the passage portion.

20. Roof penetration assembly (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that said side windows (11): - each have a trapezoidal shape, preferably a general isosceles trapezoidal shape with a small base at the bottom and a large base at the top, and / or - are distributed regularly radially around and / or along the passage portion, and / or - each have a useful air passage area of ​​between 40 and 60 cm2, preferably about 50 cm2 (+ / - 2 cm2).

21. Roof penetration assembly (1) according to any one of claims 13 to 20, characterized in that said passage portion (10) comprises a second side wall, which flares outwards from the free lower rim (15) to the cap element (9), having for example a general side wall shape of an inverted truncated cone.

22. Connection system for connecting an internal air network of a building with the outside, comprising at least: - a roof penetration assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, and - a sleeve (24) designed to be attached to said roof penetration assembly (1), for connecting the latter to an air duct of the air network, such as an air supply pipe, a stale air exhaust pipe or a smoke exhaust pipe, said sleeve preferably being made of plastic.

23. A method for manufacturing a roof penetration assembly (1) comprising at least: - a primary step of producing a socket tile (2) in a first material, said socket tile (2) being intended to be part of a roof of a building and comprising a socket (3) intended to project outwards from the building, - a secondary step of producing a first external element (6) in a second material, said first external element (6) having a central orifice (7) and being designed to cap said socket (3) in order to connect said central orifice (7) with the interior of said socket (3), characterized in that said second material has a higher porosity than said first material.

24. A manufacturing process according to the preceding claim, characterized in that: During this primary manufacturing stage, a primary material is heated to a first maximum temperature.

25. to obtain the socket tile (2) made of said first material, and - during said secondary manufacturing step, a secondary material is heated to a second maximum temperature, to obtain the first external element (6) made of said second material, said first maximum temperature being strictly greater than said second maximum temperature, preferably greater than the latter by more than 10°C. A manufacturing process according to the preceding claim, characterized in that: - said first maximum temperature is between 990°C and 1010°C, for example approximately equal to 1000°C (+ / -1°C), for example approximately 970°C (+ / -10°C), and - said second maximum temperature is between 960°C and 980°C, for example approximately equal to 970°C (+ / -1°C).

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