Bait, moldable composition for producing bait, method for producing bait, and use of moldable composition
Patent Information
- Application Number
- JP2023063068
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2019-02-20
- Filing Date
- 2023-04-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing artificial soft fishing baits are either non-biodegradable and harmful to the environment or biodegradable but lack optimal properties, degrading too quickly and being unsuitable for various fishing applications.
A biodegradable moldable composition for fishing baits made from a base solution containing gelatin, sugar alcohols, and cross-linking agents, which can be molded and adjusted for density, aroma, flavor, and color, and includes fish-attracting additives, ensuring durability and environmental safety.
The composition provides durable, environmentally friendly baits that mimic natural bait, are safe for fish and users, and degrade in both fresh and saltwater, with controlled dissolution and buoyancy, while being easy to work with and cost-effective to produce.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to fishing baits, a moldable composition for manufacturing fishing baits, a method for manufacturing fishing baits, and the use of the moldable composition.
Background Art
[0002] Artificial soft fishing baits are often manufactured from polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Since these types of fishing baits are not biodegradable, they may be harmful to the environment. Biodegradable baits often decompose easily and become useless too quickly. Furthermore, their properties are far from optimal.
Summary of the Invention
[0003] Brief Description of the Invention The object of the present invention is to provide fishing baits, a moldable composition for manufacturing fishing baits, a method for manufacturing fishing baits, and the use of the moldable composition in order to solve the above problems. The object of the present invention is achieved by fishing baits, a moldable composition for manufacturing fishing baits, a method for manufacturing fishing baits, and the use of the moldable composition, which are characterized by being described in the independent claims. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
[0004] The fishing bait of the present invention is biodegradable and durable. The fishing bait of the present invention offers several advantages. The fishing bait can be used in the same way as existing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) soft fishing baits. The fishing bait functions as natural bait in any type of fishing, including sport fishing and commercial fishing. The material of the fishing bait is harmless to fish, the users of the fishing bait, and the environment. That is, the material is environmentally protective and safe. The material decomposes into harmless components in water. The decomposition occurs in both fresh water and salt water. The material is also compostable.
[0005] The material is easy to handle; that is, it is not sticky, slimy, messy, or smelly. The bait can be made clear and transparent as needed. When the bait material gets wet, that is, absorbs water, the bait becomes very sensitive to movement and vibrates easily. In other words, the bait moves a lot and moves easily.
[0006] The dissolution rate of the material in water, as well as its density, softness, and spreadability, can be controlled and adjusted according to the recipe. Aroma, flavor, and color release can be controlled simultaneously. The material can be aerated or foamed to increase the buoyancy of the fishing bait.
[0007] In addition to the flavors and aromas added to the fishing bait during manufacturing, the material absorbs liquids, allowing for further flavoring and aroma development during use.
[0008] The production process is sustainable due to its low waste generation and high cost-effectiveness. The fishing bait can be directly injected into the final retail packaging. Furthermore, the manufacturing process allows for the combination of different densities, colors, and flavors within the same product.
[0009] In this specification, specific terms are used. A moldable composition means that it can be molded by pouring it into a mold. The mold is left to stand until the moldable composition solidifies. The mold may be open or closed.
[0010] Plasticizers refer to ingredients that enhance the flexibility and softness of fishing bait. Water is excluded because it is used in any case as an ingredient in moldable compositions.
[0011] Fish-attracting additives refer to any ingredient that has the potential to attract fish. Additives can be visual attractants such as color and flavor, or scents such as pheromones or other fragrances that fish eat.
[0012] A crosslinking agent refers to a substance selected to have the ability to crosslink a specific gelling agent. Crosslinking agents increase the strength of fishing bait and impart predictable degradation characteristics to the bait, which can be adjusted as needed by changing the amount of crosslinking agent (i.e., by adjusting the degree of crosslinking) and / or by changing the crosslinking agent itself.
[0013] Fishing bait refers to food used to catch fish, crustaceans such as crabs, or mollusks such as octopuses. Its primary use is for catching fish. To manufacture fishing bait, a moldable composition is first prepared. The moldable composition comprises a basic solution containing water, a gelling agent, and a plasticizer. The gelling agent may be a protein-containing gelling agent or a polysaccharide-containing gelling agent. The gelling agent may contain animal-derived components or plant-derived components. Animal-derived components include, for example, gelatin and collagen. Plant-derived components include, for example, pectin and agar. Gelatin and collagen belong to the protein-containing components. Pectin and agar belong to the polysaccharide-containing components. Gelatin is the preferred gelling agent, but other gelling agents can be used alone or in combination with gelatin.
[0014] Any gelatin can be used, but a preferred choice is a fast-setting gelatin with an average molecular weight of at least 120 kDa. The average molecular weight may be at least 130 kDa or at least 140 kDa. The average molecular weight is determined by gel chromatography. The above gelatin may have a proportion having a molecular weight greater than 100 kDa, and this proportion is at least 35% by weight of the total amount of gelatin. Such gelatin can be obtained from various collagen-containing materials, particularly from the connective tissue or bones of pigs, cattle, poultry, or fish.
[0015] In addition to water and a gelling agent, the basic solution contains a plasticizer to enhance the flexibility and softness of the fishing bait. The plasticizer may be a sugar alcohol such as sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol, or glycerol. Glycerol is a preferred sugar alcohol. The sugar alcohol contributes to the desirable rheological properties of the molded composition.
[0016] A gelling agent such as gelatin is dissolved in water, and a plasticizer such as a sugar alcohol is added. Glucose syrup can also be added.
[0017] The basic solution may contain 5-50% by weight of gelatin, 5-50% by weight of water, and 15-60% by weight of sugar alcohol. The basic solution may also contain 0-50% by weight of glucose syrup. That is, the basic solution may not contain glucose syrup. The glucose syrup is preferably a highly hydrolyzed glucose syrup having 50 or more, preferably 60 or more, dextrose equivalents.
[0018] According to one embodiment, the basic solution may contain 10-15% by weight of gelatin, 30-35% by weight of water, 10-15% by weight of glucose syrup, and 35-45% by weight of sugar alcohols such as glycerol.
[0019] According to another embodiment, the basic solution may contain 25-30% by weight of gelatin, 25-30% by weight of water, 20-25% by weight of glucose syrup, and 20-25% by weight of sugar alcohols such as glycerol.
[0020] In yet another embodiment, the basic solution may contain 10-15% by weight of gelatin, 30-35% by weight of water, and 50-55% by weight of a sugar alcohol such as glycerol.
[0021] In yet another embodiment, the basic solution may contain 25-35% by weight of gelatin, 30-40% by weight of water, and 30-40% by weight of a sugar alcohol such as glycerol.
[0022] First, a basic solution of the moldable composition is prepared. The gelatin component is dissolved in hot water at a temperature of approximately 70-80°C. Next, a sugar alcohol, such as glycerol, and a plasticizer, such as glucose syrup, if included in the specific recipe, are added. Salt components can also be added to the basic solution. The salt components may consist of one salt or a mixture of different salts. The salt components may also contain auxiliary agents.
[0023] The basic solution is preferably boiled using a slight overpressure and then treated under negative pressure to allow the water to evaporate. The dry substance content of the basic solution can be adjusted by evaporation.
[0024] After the basic solution has contained the desired solids, at least one additive to attract fish may be added. Additives to attract fish may be visual attractants such as color, or flavors or scents such as the aroma of food that fish eat. Suitable flavor or scent-based attractants include, for example, fish oil, fish meal, mollusks (such as mussels), and jointed-foot animals (such as crustaceans). If necessary, the attractant may be ground or crushed in a manner suitable for use in fishing bait. Suitable visible attractants include, for example, color and shimmer, which may be biodegradable. In addition to additives to attract fish, additives may include, for example, pH adjusters or preservatives such as salts or acids.
[0025] To form a moldable composition, a crosslinking agent is also added to the basic solution. The crosslinking agent is selected to have the ability to crosslink a specific gelling agent. Preferred crosslinking agents are naturally occurring crosslinking agents or their synthetic equivalents. Suitable crosslinking agents are plant-derived crosslinking agents, such as plant-derived polyphenols or extracts containing plant-derived polyphenols. Plant-derived polyphenols include, for example, oleuropein, tannic acid, gallic acid, and hydroxycinnamic acid. Hydrocinnamic acids include caffeic acid, caftaric acid, and ferulic acid. Extracts containing plant-derived polyphenols include, for example, olive leaf extract, coffee, and grape juice.
[0026] According to one embodiment, a plant-derived crosslinking agent is used. An extract containing a plant-derived polyphenol, such as a plant-derived polyphenol or an olive leaf extract, is used as a crosslinking agent in a molding composition containing a basic solution containing gelatin, water, and a sugar alcohol such as glycerol. In addition to the basic solution and the crosslinking agent, the molding composition contains at least one attractant for attracting fish. The gelatin can be a fast-setting gelatin having an average molecular weight of at least 120 kDa, preferably at least 130 kDa, more preferably 140 kDa. The molding composition can contain biodegradable fibers.
[0027] Generally, the crosslinking agent can be selected from among non-toxic crosslinking agents that can crosslink a specific gelling agent. The crosslinking agent can belong to aldehydes, dialdehydes, isocyanates, diisocyanates, carbodiimides, and alkyl dihalides.
[0028] The crosslinking agent can play a dual role in the moldable composition. In addition to the crosslinking properties, the crosslinking agent can act as an additive for attracting fish. For example, the crosslinking agent can have a bright color that attracts fish.
[0029] The moldable composition can contain biodegradable fibers that can belong to natural fibers, artificial fibers, or regenerated fibers. The fibers can be, for example, cellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), or polylactic acid (PLA). The fibers give the bait extra strength. The fibers also fine-tune the texture of the bait. The properties of the fibers, such as their length, are selected to be compatible with the other components of the bait. The distribution of the fibers in the moldable composition can be an important factor. The length of the fibers can be at most 2 mm. The fibers can be thin and flexible. Their share in the moldable composition can be at most 2% by weight.
[0030] A basic solution, additives, and crosslinking agents form a moldable composition. The pH of the moldable composition is preferably about 5.5, i.e., the pH must be slightly acidic. The moldable composition is formed into fish bait by pouring the composition into a mold. The temperature of the molded composition is preferably at least 80°C during molding. The mold may be a separate mold or part of the sales package. That is, the fishing bait is molded directly into a tray that forms part of the sales package. The fishing bait can be made to resemble, for example, small fish, worms, or other aquatic animals that a particular fish species eats.
[0031] In addition to the above components, the moldable composition may include a lubricant. The lubricant may include long-chain fatty acids and / or long-chain alcohols. Another lubricant may include, for example, erucamide, oleamide, stearamide, or behenamide. Yet another lubricant may be a plant-based wax with a melting point of less than 100°C.
[0032] The moldable composition may also contain particles whose purpose may be to adjust the weight and / or set and / or solubility of the feed. Such particles include, for example, nanoclays, which are nanoparticles of clay minerals such as montmorillonite, bentonite, kaolinite, hectorite, and halloysite.
[0033] The fishing bait begins to cool in the mold. At the same time, the material of the fishing bait begins to cross-link. The material may harden sufficiently soon after molding.
[0034] The physical properties of fishing bait can be adjusted by crosslinking agents. The amount and characteristics of a particular crosslinking agent affect the physical properties of the fishing bait. Since the crosslinking agent spreads throughout the entire volume of the basic solution, the fishing bait has stable properties throughout its entire volume, and therefore, it has predictable decomposition properties. Decomposition properties can be adjusted by the selection and amount of crosslinking agent. In relation to gelatin, since the crosslinking agent helps solidify the gelatin, it is possible to use other gelatins instead of fast-setting gelatin.
[0035] The final product, i.e., the bait, contains 65-95% by weight of dry material and 5-35% by weight of water. Preferably, the final product contains 85-90% by weight of dry material and 10-15% by weight of water. Low moisture content extends the shelf life of the fishing bait and allows the use of closed molds as there is no need for evaporation from the mold. Closed molds are advantageous because they allow for the complete three-dimensional shape of the fishing bait. [Brief explanation of the drawing]
[0036] [Figure 1a] Figure 1a shows an example of fishing bait. [Figure 1b] Figure 1b shows a fishhook. [Figure 1c] Figure 1c shows the fishing bait from Figure 1a impaled with the fishing hook from Figure 1b. [Modes for carrying out the invention]
[0037] Detailed description of the invention Figure 1a shows an example of fishing bait 1. Fishing bait 1 may have the shape of a fish, as shown in Figure 1a. The shape can attract predatory fish. Figure 1b shows a fishing hook 2, which may be, for example, a hook attached to the line of a fishing rod. Fishing bait 1 is impaled by the fishing hook 2 in Figure 1c.
[0038] A sample of fishing bait was manufactured. The fishing bait was evaluated by testing the following functions: A. How soft is the material? B. How well does the material stretch before it breaks? C. How durable is the material to withstand the attachment of a fishing hook and subsequent use? D. How securely the material is held to the fishing hook. E. How well can the material withstand a 2-hour water bath followed by 12 hours of dry air?
[0039] Samples were given scores ranging from 1 (poor) to 10 (good). The target score ranged from 7 (minimum) to 10 (maximum).
[0040] A mixture containing an additive and a crosslinking agent to attract fish was prepared. The crosslinking agent was olive leaf extract, and its amount in the mixture was 20% by weight. [Examples]
[0041] Example 1 A basic solution containing 26.1 kg of gelatin with a gel strength of 280 g (280 bloom), 63.9 kg of water, 26.3 kg of corn syrup, and 78.8 kg of glycerol was boiled. The water was evaporated in a vacuum chamber with a negative pressure of -0.6 bar to -0.33 bar and a temperature of 92.5°C to 99.5°C until it reached a total solids content of 80 wt%. To form a moldable composition, a mixture containing fish-attracting additives and a crosslinking agent was added to the basic solution. The amount of the mixture was 9 wt% of the total mass of the moldable composition. The moldable composition was poured into an oiled mold to form fishing bait.
[0042] The following results were obtained. A.9 B.7 C.7 D.9 E.5
[0043] Example 2 A basic solution containing 62.2 kg of gelatin with a gel strength of 280 g (280 bloom), 62.2 kg of water, 53.7 kg of corn syrup, and 53.7 kg of glycerol was boiled. The water was evaporated in a vacuum chamber with a negative pressure of -0.6 bar to -0.33 bar and a temperature of 92.5°C to 99.5°C until it reached a total solids content of 80 wt%. To form a moldable composition, a mixture containing fish-attracting additives and a crosslinking agent was added to the basic solution. The amount of the mixture was 9 wt% of the total mass of the moldable composition. The moldable composition was poured into an oiled mold to form fishing bait.
[0044] The following results were obtained. A.9 B.7 C.8 D.9 E.6
[0045] Example 3 A basic solution containing 26.5 kg of gelatin with a gel strength of 280 g (280 bloom), 65 kg of water, and 103.5 kg of glycerol was boiled. The water was evaporated in a vacuum chamber at a negative pressure of -0.6 bar and a temperature of 92°C to 96°C until the total solids content reached 80% by weight. To form a moldable composition, a mixture containing fish-attracting additives and a crosslinking agent was added to the basic solution. The amount of the mixture was 9% by weight of the total mass of the moldable composition. The moldable composition was poured into an oiled mold to form fishing bait.
[0046] The following results were obtained. A.9 B.9 C.9 D.9 E.6~7
[0047] Example 4 A basic solution containing 30 kg of gelatin with a gel strength of 300 g (300 bloom), 35 kg of water, and 35 kg of glycerol was boiled. The water was evaporated in a vacuum chamber until the total solids content reached 80% by weight. A mixture containing additives for attracting fish and a crosslinking agent was added to the basic solution to form a moldable composition. The amount of the mixture was 9% by weight of the total mass of the moldable composition. The moldable composition was poured into an oiled mold to form fishing bait.
[0048] The following results were obtained. A.9 B.9 C.9 D.9 E.7
[0049] As technology advances, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the concept of the present invention can be implemented in a variety of ways. The present invention and its embodiments are not limited to the examples given above and may vary within the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A molded, gelled fishing bait comprising 5-35% by weight water, gelatin, sugar alcohol, and a cross-linking agent which is a plant-derived polyphenol or its synthetic equivalent.
2. The fishing bait described in claim 1, characterized in that the bait contains glucose syrup.
3. 3. A fishing bait according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cross-linking agent comprises a cross-linking agent containing oleuropein or an olive leaf extract.
4. 10. The fishing bait of claim 1, wherein the bait comprises at least one lubricant.
5. 10. The fishing bait of claim 1, characterized in that the bait comprises nanoclay.
6. The fishing bait described in claim 1, characterized in that the bait contains biodegradable fibers.
7. The fishing bait described in claim 6, wherein the length of the fibers is up to 2 mm.
8. The fishing bait of claim 1, characterized in that the bait contains at least one salt.
9. The fishing bait of claim 1, characterized in that the bait comprises 5-35% by weight of water, gelatin, glycerol, and a cross-linking agent which is an olive leaf extract.