Residential building

Abstract

To achieve a residential building where the whole building is surrounded with an air layer at a stable temperature, with reduced power consumption.SOLUTION: A residential building comprises: a glass part almost covering the whole body of side walls and a roof of the building; an underfloor ventilation layer G1 of a foundation part of the building; a side wall ventilation layer G2 between a side wall structural body and the glass part of the building; an attic space ventilation layer G3 between a ceiling and the glass part of the building; a foundation connection part connecting the underfloor ventilation layer G1 and the side wall ventilation layer G2; a roof connection part connecting the side wall ventilation layer G2 and the attic space ventilation layer F3; and a ceiling fan installed in the ceiling of the building and a floor fan installed in a floor of the building, wherein air in the underfloor ventilation layer G1 is configured to move from the side wall ventilation layer G2 with high airtightness to the attic space ventilation layer G3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a residential building having a ventilation layer in the side wall or roof of the building. [Background technology]

[0002] There is a known building called an air-insulated building. An air-insulated building is a building with a structure in which an air layer is provided surrounding the building and the outside air and the air inside the building are circulated through the air layer (for example, Patent Document 1). An air-insulated building uses air, which has a lower thermal conductivity than wood, etc., to improve the insulation of the building.

[0003] In conventional air-insulated buildings, for example, air in the underfloor space is moved to the ceiling through ducts and exhausted to the outside of the building through the ventilation layer by air conditioners installed in each room (for example, Patent Document 2). The ventilation layer has openings to the outside of the building, and the members constituting the ventilation layer are siding walls that have air permeability, so air moves between the ventilation layer and the outside of the building. This causes a problem in that the temperature of the air in the ventilation layer surrounding the building is not stable, and the temperature inside the building also fluctuates due to this influence.

[0004] In addition, conventional air-insulated buildings required air conditioners to be operated at high power output to exhaust the air from each room into the narrow space of the ventilation layer, which resulted in a problem of large amounts of power consumption required to keep the air circulating through the ventilation layer. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] JP 2017-161208 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2021-134529 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Therefore, the present invention aims to realize a residential building in which the entire building is surrounded by a layer of air at a stable temperature by eliminating the movement of air between the outside of the building and an air layer provided on the side walls and roof of the building, thereby stabilizing the temperature of the air in the air layer and consuming less power. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the residential building according to the present invention comprises: The building is characterized by having a glass section covering almost the entire side walls and roof of the building, an underfloor ventilation layer G1 provided in the foundation of the building, a side wall ventilation layer G2 provided between the side wall structure of the building and the glass section and kept airtight from the outside air by the glass section, an attic ventilation layer G3 provided between the ceiling of the building and the glass section and kept airtight from the outside air by the glass section, a foundation connection section connecting the underfloor ventilation layer G1 and the side wall ventilation layer G2 to allow air movement while maintaining airtightness from the outside air, a roof connection section connecting the side wall ventilation layer G2 and the attic ventilation layer G3 to allow air movement while maintaining airtightness from the outside air, a ceiling fan installed on the ceiling of the building, and a floor fan installed on the floor of the building. Effect of the Invention

[0008] The residential building according to the present invention can provide an appropriate indoor temperature environment at a lower cost. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1A is an external view showing a schematic configuration example of a residential building 1 according to an embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view showing the schematic configuration example of a residential building 1 according to an embodiment. [Diagram 2] 1A is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the side wall portion 20 near a joint where glass portions 26 are arranged vertically, and FIG. 1B is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the side wall portion 20 near a joint where glass portions 26 are arranged horizontally. [Diagram 3] 4 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of a corner of a side wall portion 20. FIG. [Figure 4]2 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a foundation connection part 30. FIG. [Diagram 5] 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a siding portion 40. FIG. [Figure 6] 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of an overhang portion 50. FIG. [Figure 7] 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of a window portion 60. FIG. [Figure 8] 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of a roof connection portion 70 and a roof portion 80. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] An example of a residential building 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, an example of a two-story residential building 1 will be described, but the present invention can also be applied to office buildings, store buildings, and the like with two to three stories. In each drawing, the coordinate system is such that the Z direction represents the vertical direction and the XY directions represent the horizontal direction. In each drawing, parts with the same reference numerals represent the same components.

[0011] Fig. 1(A) is an external view showing a schematic configuration example of a residential building 1 according to an embodiment. The residential building 1 shown in Fig. 1(A) is composed of a side wall section 20, a foundation connection section 30, a siding section 40, an overhang section 50, a window section 60, a roof connection section 70, and a roof section 80, etc., in terms of appearance.

[0012] In the residential building 1, almost the entire surface of the side wall portion 20 and roof portion 80, except for the windows and the entrance (entrance), is covered with a member made of glass material, that is, the glass portion 26. The glass portion 26 is, for example, about 2.4 m long and about 0.9 m wide, and is made of plate-shaped glass about 15 mm thick that is laid along the surface of the side wall portion 20 and the roof portion 80. The glass portion 26 is made of a material that is translucent and airtight. That is, the glass portion 26 is made of a material that transmits sunlight but does not transmit air. A method for installing the glass portion 26 will be described later with reference to the drawings.

[0013] The glass portion 26 may be power-generating glass. Power-generating glass is a solar cell integrated with glass. Power-generating glass has the normal function of transmitting sunlight, and also has the property of generating electricity when exposed to sunlight. The effects expected when using power-generating glass as the glass portion 26 will be described later.

[0014] Fig. 1(B) is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration example of the residential building 1. Fig. 1(B) is a cross-sectional view of the residential building 1 cut at a cut surface α (see Fig. 1(A)) of a portion where the outer periphery of the building is composed of a glass portion 26.

[0015] The interior space 10 of the residential building 1 is sandwiched vertically between the ceiling 12 and the floor 11. An upper structure 82 is installed above the ceiling 12 with a gap between them. A lower structure 32 is installed below the floor 11 in close contact with the floor 11. The interior space 10 of the residential building 1 is surrounded horizontally by a sidewall structure 22. The sidewall structure 22 is installed so as to surround the interior space 10 in accordance with the shape of the interior space 10.

[0016] As an existing construction method, airtight sheets are attached to the sidewall structure 22, the upper structure 82, and the lower structure 32 to maintain airtightness between the outside of the structures and the inside of the room 10. Also, as an existing construction method, moisture-permeable, waterproof, and heat-shielding sheets are attached to the sidewall structure 22, the upper structure 82, and the lower structure 32 to allow moisture from the inside of the room 10 to escape to the outside of the structures and to prevent the structures from being affected by leaking rainwater, etc.

[0017] A foundation 31 made mainly of concrete is provided below the floor 11 and the substructure 32. The foundation 31, together with the floor 11 and the substructure 32, forms an underfloor ventilation layer G1 below the floor 11. The underfloor ventilation layer G1 is a large space having an area in the horizontal direction substantially equal to the floor 11 of the residential building 1 and a depth of approximately 400 mm in the vertical direction. The underfloor ventilation layer G1 is a space through which air can move unhindered.

[0018] In the sidewall portion 20 of the residential building 1, a glass portion 26 is installed on the outside of the sidewall structure 22 (opposite the interior side 10) at a distance of, for example, 20 mm from the surface of the sidewall structure 22. The sidewall ventilation layer G2 is a space formed between the sidewall structure 22 and the glass portion 26. The sidewall ventilation layer G2 is a space having an area substantially equal to that of the sidewall portion 20 surrounding the interior side 10 of the residential building 1, and having a thickness of approximately 20 mm, which is the distance between the sidewall structure 22 and the glass portion 26.

[0019] As will be described later with reference to the drawings, the sidewall ventilation layer G2 is kept airtight from the outside air by the glass portion 26 and its retaining structure. The sidewall ventilation layer G2 is also kept airtight from the room 10 by a conventional construction method, for example, by attaching an airtight sheet to the sidewall structure 22. Here, airtight or airtightness means that there is almost no air flow between the sidewall ventilation layer G2 and the outside air or the room 10. In addition, as will be described later, the sidewall ventilation layer G2 is configured so that air can move therethrough with almost no hindrance.

[0020] The upper structure 82 is disposed vertically above the ceiling 12, with a gap of, for example, 40 mm therebetween. The glass section 26 is disposed further above the upper structure 82, with a gap of, for example, about 20 mm therebetween. The space between the ceiling 12 and the upper structure 82 and the space between the upper structure 82 and the glass section 26 are connected by roof vents 81, and together they form an attic ventilation layer G3. The attic ventilation layer G3 is a space formed between the ceiling 12 and the glass section 26. The attic ventilation layer G3 has an area substantially equal to that of the ceiling 12 in the horizontal direction, and a thickness of the combined thickness of both spaces, i.e., a thickness of approximately 60 mm in the vertical direction.

[0021] As will be described later with reference to the drawings, the attic ventilation layer G3 is kept airtight from the outside air by the glass part 26 and its retaining structure. The attic ventilation layer G3 is a space through which air can move unhindered.

[0022] The underfloor ventilation layer G1 and the sidewall ventilation layer G2 are connected at the foundation connection part 30 so as to allow air movement while maintaining airtightness with the outside air. The foundation connection part 30 corresponds to the part where the outer periphery of the foundation base 31 and the lower end of the sidewall part 20 meet, and is provided around the entire lower part of the residential building 1. The structure of the foundation connection part 30 will be explained later with reference to the drawings.

[0023] The side wall ventilation layer G2 and the attic ventilation layer G3 are connected at the roof connection part 70 so as to allow air movement while maintaining airtightness with the outside air. The roof connection part 70 corresponds to the part where the outer periphery of the roof part 80 and the upper end of the side wall part 20 meet, and is provided around the entire upper part of the residential building 1. The structure of the roof connection part 70 will also be described later with reference to the drawings.

[0024] The ceiling fan F2 shown in Fig. 1(B) is attached to the ceiling 12 between the attic air layer G3, which has a relatively small capacity, and the room 10, which has a large capacity. The ceiling fan F2 moves the air in the attic air layer G3 to the room 10. The ceiling fan F2 operates to reduce the pressure in the space of the attic air layer G3, which is airtight against the outside air, compared to the room 10.

[0025] The floor fan F1 is attached to the floor 11 and the substructure 32 between the room 10 and the underfloor ventilation layer G1. The floor fan F1 moves air in the room 10 to the underfloor ventilation layer G1. The ceiling fan F2 and the floor fan F1 operate to generate a pressure difference between the underfloor ventilation layer G1 and the attic ventilation layer G3 on either side of the room 10.

[0026] To compensate for this pressure difference, the air in the underfloor air layer G1 moves to the sidewall air layer G2 through the foundation connection parts 30 provided around the entire lower part of the residential building 1. The air in the exterior wall air layer G2 moves through the sidewall air layer G2 that surrounds the interior 10 of the residential building 1 and is distributed over almost the entire sidewall part 20.

[0027] Furthermore, the air in the side wall ventilation layer G2 moves to the attic ventilation layer G3 through the roof connection part 70 provided around the entire upper part of the residential building 1. The air in the attic ventilation layer G3 moves through the attic ventilation layer G3 covering the upper part of the room 10 of the residential building 1.

[0028] The air in the side wall ventilation layer G2 and the attic ventilation layer G3, which surround almost the entire side wall portion 20 and roof portion 80 of the residential building 1, functions as an insulating layer that suppresses the conduction of heat between the outside of the residential building 1 and the interior 10. In fact, the thermal conductivity of air is about 0.03 W / mK, which is less than 1 / 5 of the thermal conductivity of wood, which is about 0.15 W / mK (see Science Almanac 2022).

[0029] It is known that the air in the underfloor ventilation layer G1 has a stable temperature compared to the temperature changes outside the residential building 1 (see Patent Document 2). The air in the underfloor ventilation layer G1 having such characteristics moves almost unhindered through the sidewall ventilation layer G2 and the attic ventilation layer G3. In the sidewall ventilation layer G2 and the attic ventilation layer G3, air does not move in or out between them and the outside air, so the air therein can maintain a stable temperature.

[0030] The interior space 10 of the residential building 1 is effectively insulated from the outside of the residential building 1 by the air in the side wall ventilation layer G2 and the attic ventilation layer G3, and is surrounded by a layer of air at a more stable temperature than when outside air flows in and out of the side wall ventilation layer G2 or the attic ventilation layer G3.

[0031] In addition, the air in the underfloor ventilation layer G1 moves to the attic ventilation layer G3 via the sidewall ventilation layer G2 due to the pressure difference between the underfloor ventilation layer G1 and the attic ventilation layer G3. The air in the underfloor ventilation layer G1 circulates through the sidewall ventilation layer G2 and the attic ventilation layer G3 with little power consumption. As a result, the residential building 1 according to this embodiment is able to maintain the room 10 at an appropriate temperature with little power consumption, since the entire building is surrounded by a heat insulating layer made of air at a stable temperature.

[0032] The residential building 1 according to this embodiment may be limited to a building with two or three floors. This allows the pressure difference between the underfloor ventilation layer G1 and the attic ventilation layer G3 to be effectively utilized, and the air in the underfloor ventilation layer G1 does not take long to pass through the sidewall ventilation layer G2 or the attic ventilation layer G3. If the air takes too long to pass through the sidewall ventilation layer G2 or the attic ventilation layer G3, it may be affected by the temperature outside the building due to heat conduction.

[0033] The configuration of each part of the residential building 1 as described above will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0034] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of side wall portion 20 (see FIG. 1(A)) on which glass portion 26 is installed. FIG. 2(A) shows an example of the configuration near a joint where glass portion 26 is arranged in the up-down direction. FIG. 2(B) shows an example of the configuration near a joint where glass portion 26 is arranged in the left-right direction. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a YZ cross section and an appropriate range of side wall portion 20 in the ±Z direction and +X direction so that the structure of side wall portion 20 on which glass portion 26 is installed can be seen.

[0035] As a conventional construction method, an airtight sheet for maintaining airtightness between the outside of the structure and the room 10 and a sheet 221 for moisture permeability, waterproofing, heat insulation, etc. are attached to the sidewall structure 22. The glass section 26 is installed at a predetermined distance from the sidewall structure 22 by a holding angle 23, a receiving angle 24, and a vertical angle 27.

[0036] The holding angle 23 shown in Fig. 2(A) is an angle-shaped installation metal fitting that supports the load of the glass portion 26 arranged vertically above it and installs the plate surface of the glass portion 26 parallel to the surface of the sidewall structure 22. The receiving angle 24 shown in Fig. 2(A) is an angle-shaped installation metal fitting that receives the glass portion 26 arranged vertically below it and installs the plate surface of the glass portion 26 parallel to the surface of the sidewall structure 22. The holding angle 23 and the receiving angle 24, like the other installation metal fittings described in this specification, are made from a metal material such as iron, an alloy containing iron, aluminum, or an alloy containing aluminum.

[0037] The holding angle 23 is composed of three plate-like parts having a rectangular shape that is long in one direction: a fixed plate 231, an inner locking plate 232, and an outer locking plate 233, and a connecting part 234 that connects the longitudinal sides of these plate-like parts. The first plate-like part, the fixed plate 231, is a flat metal plate with bolt holes provided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction.

[0038] The second plate-like portion, the inner locking plate 232, is a flat metal plate that is parallel to the plate surface of the fixed plate 231 and has a gap between it and the fixed plate 231 that corresponds to the thickness of the side wall ventilation layer G2. The third plate-like portion, the outer locking plate 233, is a flat metal plate that is parallel to the plate surfaces of the fixed plate 231 and the inner locking plate 232 and has a gap between it and the inner locking plate 232 that is slightly larger than the thickness of the glass portion 26.

[0039] The fixed plate 231, the inner locking plate 232, and the outer locking plate 233 are connected while maintaining their respective positional relationships by a connecting portion 234. In addition, the connecting portion 234 has ventilation holes 25 provided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the holding angle 23 between the fixed plate 231 and the inner locking plate 232.

[0040] The fixed plate 231, the inner locking plate 232, the outer locking plate 233, and the connecting portion 234 are integrated to form the holding angle 23. Alternatively, the fixed plate 231, the inner locking plate 232, and the connecting portion 234 may be integrated, and the holding angle 23 may be formed by fixing the outer locking plate 233 to the connecting portion 234 with a screw or the like.

[0041] Like the holding angle 23, the receiving angle 24 is composed of three plate-like parts having a rectangular shape that is long in one direction, a fixed plate 241, an inner locking plate 242, and an outer locking plate 243, and a connecting part 244 connecting the longitudinal sides of these plate-like parts. The fixed plate 241 has bolt holes formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction.

[0042] The inner locking plate 242 is parallel to the plate surface of the fixed plate 241, and has a gap between it and the fixed plate 241 that corresponds to the thickness of the side wall ventilation layer G2. The outer locking plate 243 is parallel to the plate surfaces of the fixed plate 241 and the inner locking plate 242, and has a gap between it and the inner locking plate 242 that is slightly larger than the thickness of the glass part 26. The connecting part 244 connects the fixed plate 241, the inner locking plate 242, and the outer locking plate 243 while maintaining the relative positions of these plate-like parts.

[0043] In the receiving angle 24 as well, the connecting portion 244 is provided with air vents 25 at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the receiving angle 24 between the fixed plate 241 and the inner locking plate 242. The receiving angle 24 may have a structure in which the fixed plate 241, the inner locking plate 242, and the connecting portion 244 are integral with each other, and the outer locking plate 243 is fixed to the connecting portion 244 with screws or the like to form the receiving angle 24.

[0044] The holding angle 23 is fixed to the sidewall structure 22 using the bolt holes of the fixing plate 231 with the longitudinal direction of the fixing plate 231 aligned with the horizontal direction of the sidewall portion 20 (X direction in FIG. 2(A)). The receiving angle 24 is fixed to the sidewall structure 22 using the bolt holes of the fixing plate 241 with the longitudinal direction of the fixing plate 241 aligned with the horizontal direction of the sidewall portion 20. The holding angle 23 and the receiving angle 24 are fixed to the sidewall structure 22 in the vertical direction (Z direction) at a distance approximately equal to the vertical width of the rectangular glass plate that constitutes the glass portion 26 to be installed on the sidewall portion 20.

[0045] The rectangular glass sheet constituting the glass portion 26 has its lower end inserted into the retaining angle groove 235 between the inner locking plate 232 and the outer locking plate 233 of the retaining angle 23, and the load of the glass sheet is supported by the retaining angle 23. In addition, the rectangular glass sheet constituting the glass portion 26 has its upper end pressed against the inner locking plate 242 of the receiving angle 24. The glass sheet is sandwiched between the inner locking plate 242 and the outer locking plate 243, and is fixed with its upper end inserted into the receiving angle groove 245.

[0046] As a result, glass portion 26 is installed parallel to the surface of sidewall structure 22 with a gap between fixed plate 231 and inner locking plate 232 or a gap between fixed plate 241 and inner locking plate 242 between sidewall structure 22 and the holding angle 23 and receiving angle 24 which are installation fittings. The space formed between glass portion 26 and the surface of sidewall structure 22 corresponds to sidewall ventilation layer G2.

[0047] 2(A) shows the structure of the joint between glass part 26 arranged above holding angle 23 and glass part 26 arranged below receiving angle 24 in a state in which glass part 26 is installed in sidewall structure 22. Holding angle 23 and receiving angle 24 have connecting part 234 and connecting part 244 back to back, connecting glass part 26 in the vertical direction.

[0048] A caulking process is performed between the glass part 26 inserted into the holding angle groove 235 and the outer retaining plate 233 to fill the gap with resin or the like. This maintains airtightness between the side wall ventilation layer G2 and the outside air between the glass part 26 and the holding angle 23. A caulking process is performed between the glass part 26 inserted into the receiving angle groove 245 and the outer retaining plate 243 to fill the gap with resin or the like. This maintains airtightness between the side wall ventilation layer G2 and the outside air between the glass part 26 and the receiving angle 24. As a result, the side wall ventilation layer G2 of the side wall part 20, combined with the airtightness of the side wall structure 22 that has been increased by the existing construction method, forms a space that is highly airtight between the outside air and the room 10.

[0049] The ventilation holes 25 provided in the joint 234 of the holding angle 23 and the ventilation holes 25 provided in the joint 244 of the receiving angle 24 are provided at approximately the same positions in the longitudinal direction of each angle and are approximately the same size. Also, the ventilation holes 25 are provided as large as possible within the range in which the holding angle 23 has the strength to support the weight of the glass part 26.

[0050] This allows air to move unhindered between the side wall ventilation layer G2 formed between the glass portion 26 and the side wall structure 22 above the holding angle 23 and the side wall ventilation layer G2 formed between the glass portion 26 and the side wall structure 22 below the receiving angle 24.

[0051] In order to maintain airtightness between the side wall ventilation layer G2 and the outside air between the holding angle 23 and the receiving angle 24, which are fixed back to back, a caulking treatment may be applied to fill the gap between the holding angle 23 and the receiving angle 24 where they contact. As another means for maintaining airtightness between the holding angle 23 and the receiving angle 24, the outer retaining plate 233 of the holding angle 23 and the outer retaining plate 243 of the receiving angle 24 may be made into a single common outer retaining plate 233, so that the gap between them is structurally eliminated.

[0052] In this case, at the upper and lower connecting portions of the glass portion 26 in the side wall portion 20, the lower glass portion 26 is pressed against the inner retaining plate 242 of the receiving angle 24 and then the upper retaining angle 23 is attached, thereby simultaneously holding down the glass portion 26 against the lower receiving angle 24 and fixing the upper retaining angle 23.

[0053] The vertical angle 27 shown in FIG. 2(B) is an angle-shaped installation metal fitting that connects the glass portion 26 of the side wall portion 20 in the horizontal left-right direction.

[0054] The vertical angle 27 is composed of a fixed plate 271 and an abutment plate 272, which are two plate-like parts having a rectangular shape that is long in one direction, and a joint part 274 that connects them. The fixed plate 271, which is the first plate-like part, is a flat metal plate with bolt holes provided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the rectangle. The abutment plate 272, which is the second plate-like part, is a flat metal plate that is parallel to the plate surface of the fixed plate 271 and has a gap between it and the fixed plate 271 that corresponds to the thickness of the side wall ventilation layer G2.

[0055] The fixed plate 271 and the abutment plate 272 are connected by a joint 274 while maintaining their respective positional relationship. In addition, the joint 274 has air holes 28 provided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the vertical angle 27 between the fixed plate 271 and the abutment plate 272. The fixed plate 271, the abutment plate 272, and the joint 274 integrally constitute the vertical angle 27.

[0056] The vertical angle 27 is fixed to the sidewall structure 22 through the bolt holes of the fixing plate 271 with its longitudinal direction aligned with the vertical direction of the sidewall portion 20 (Z direction in FIG. 2(B)). FIG. 2(B) shows the vertical angle 27 fixed in this manner and the structure of the joint portion of the glass portion 26 arranged on the left and right of the vertical angle 27.

[0057] The vertical angle 27 abuts the ends of the left and right glass portions 26 on the abutment plate 272, thereby providing a predetermined gap between the glass portions 26 and the sidewall structure 22 and installing the glass portions 26 parallel to the surface of the sidewall structure 22. The space formed between the sidewall structure 22 and the glass portion 26 on the right side of the vertical angle 27, and the space formed between the sidewall structure 22 and the glass portion 26 on the left side of the vertical angle 27 correspond to the sidewall ventilation layer G2.

[0058] The ventilation hole 28 provided in the joint 274 of the vertical angle 27 is as large as possible within the range that maintains the distance between the glass portion 26 and the sidewall structure 22. This allows air to move unhindered between the sidewall ventilation layer G2 formed between the sidewall structure 22 and the glass portion 26 on the right side of the vertical angle 27 and the sidewall ventilation layer G2 formed between the sidewall structure 22 and the glass portion 26 on the left side of the vertical angle 27.

[0059] A caulking sealing portion 261 is provided at the ends of the left and right glass portions 26 that abut against the abutment plate 272 of the vertical angle 27, where a caulking process is performed to fill the gap with resin or the like. This maintains airtightness between the sidewall ventilation layer G2 and the outside air, even between the left and right glass portions 26. The sidewall ventilation layer G2 of the sidewall portion 20, combined with the airtightness of the sidewall structure 22 that has been increased by an existing construction method, forms a highly airtight space between the outside air and the room 10.

[0060] Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a corner of a side wall portion 20 of a residential building 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing an appropriate range of the side wall portion 20 in the ±Z direction, +X direction, and +Y direction so that the installation of the glass portion 26 at the corner can be seen.

[0061] In the side wall portion 20 in the +X direction, a sheet for airtightness or a sheet 221 for moisture permeability, waterproofing, heat insulation, etc. is attached to the XZ surface of the side wall structure 22, and a vertical angle 27 is attached thereon. The glass portion 26 is installed at a distance equivalent to the thickness of the side wall ventilation layer G2 from the surface of the side wall structure 22 by the vertical angle 27 fixed to the XZ surface of the side wall structure 22. The vertical angle 27 is the same as the vertical angle 27 described in FIG. 2(B).

[0062] In the side wall portion 20 in the +Y direction, a sheet for airtightness or a sheet 221 for moisture permeability, waterproofing, heat insulation, etc. is attached to the YZ surface of the side wall structure 22, and a vertical angle 27 is attached thereon. The glass portion 26 is installed at a distance equivalent to the thickness of the side wall ventilation layer G2 from the surface of the side wall structure 22 by the vertical angle 27 fixed to the YZ surface of the side wall structure 22. The vertical angle 27 is the same as the vertical angle 27 described in FIG. 2(B).

[0063] The glass portion 26 disposed on the XZ plane and the glass portion 26 disposed on the YZ plane are in contact with each other at the corners of the sidewall portion 20, with a space corresponding to the thickness of the sidewall ventilation layer G2 being provided between the surface of the sidewall structure 22. The portion where the two glass portions 26 are in contact with each other may be a straight line extending in the Z direction at the corners of the sidewall portion 20.

[0064] A caulking sealing portion 261 that fills the gap with resin or the like is provided along the straight line where the glass portion 26 installed on the XZ plane and the glass portion 26 installed on the YZ plane meet. This maintains airtightness between the sidewall ventilation layer G2 and the outside air at the connection portion of both glass portions 26. The sidewall ventilation layer G2 formed between the glass portion 26 and the sidewall structure 22, combined with the airtightness of the sidewall structure 22 that has been increased by an existing construction method, forms a highly airtight space between the outside air and the room 10.

[0065] The vertical angle 27 has ventilation holes 28 at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction. Air moves unhindered through the sidewall ventilation layer G2 on the XZ and YZ planes of the sidewall 20. Furthermore, since the sidewall ventilation layer G2 on the XZ plane and the sidewall ventilation layer G2 on the YZ plane are connected as described above, the air moves unhindered through the sidewall ventilation layer G2 even at the corners of the sidewall 20.

[0066] Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a foundation connection part 30 (see Fig. 1(A)) that connects the foundation part of the residential building 1 and the side wall part 20. Fig. 4 shows a YZ cross section and an appropriate range of the side wall part 20 in the +Z direction and the +X direction so that the structure of the foundation connection part 30 can be seen.

[0067] The underfloor ventilation layer G1 is a space formed in the foundation of the residential building 1, surrounded by the foundation 31, which is mainly made of concrete, the substructure 32, and the floor 11. A heat insulating material 311 may be installed in the part of the foundation 31 close to the outside air. The heat insulating material 311 is installed to make it difficult for temperature changes outside the residential building 1 to be transmitted to the underfloor ventilation layer G1. The air inside the underfloor ventilation layer G1 maintains a stable temperature compared to the outside air outside the residential building 1.

[0068] The glass portion 26 is supported by a retaining angle 33 fixed to the sidewall structure 22 at the lower part of the sidewall portion 20 that contacts the foundation 31. With the lower end of the glass portion 26 inserted into the retaining angle groove 335, the space between the glass portion 26 and the retaining angle 33 is caulked to form a sidewall ventilation layer G2 between the glass portion 26 and the sidewall structure 22.

[0069] The holding angle 33 is an angle-shaped installation fitting similar to the holding angle 23 shown in Fig. 2(A). However, the holding angle 33 has a U-shaped cross section (YZ cross section shown in Fig. 4) of a joint 334, and when the holding angle 33 is fixed to the sidewall structure 22, it forms a space 336 that is airtight with the outside air. This space 336 is connected to the sidewall ventilation layer G2 by an air vent 25 (see Fig. 2(A)) provided in the joint 334 of the holding angle 33. Air inside the space 336 moves between the sidewall ventilation layer G2 through the air vent 25 provided in the holding angle 33.

[0070] The ventilation packing 39 is a rubber member that is installed between the sidewall structure 22 and the foundation 31 of the residential building 1 and supports the load of the building. The ventilation packing 39 has a groove that penetrates the packing in the Y direction in Fig. 4, and has ventilation in the Y direction of Fig. 4, which is the direction of the groove. The underfloor ventilation layer G1 and the space 336 on both sides of the ventilation packing 39 are configured so that the air therein moves (ventilates) through the ventilation packing 39.

[0071] The foundation connection part 30 including the retaining angle 33 and the ventilation packing 39 is provided around the entire lower part of the residential building 1. The underfloor ventilation layer G1 provided in the foundation of the residential building 1 and the side wall ventilation layer G2 provided in the side wall part 20 are connected through the foundation connection part 30 provided around the entire lower part of the residential building 1 so as to allow air movement while maintaining airtightness with the outside air.

[0072] Fig. 5 shows a configuration example of a siding section 40 (see Fig. 1(A)) in which a glass section 26 is arranged around a siding wall 41. Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing a YZ cross section and an appropriate range of a side wall section 20 in the ±Z direction and the +X direction in order to show the configuration of the siding section 40.

[0073] The siding wall 41 is held by siding holding parts 42 used in existing construction methods, and is fixed to the sidewall structure 22 via a ventilation furring strip 43. Fig. 5 shows a case in which the glass part 26 is supported by a receiving angle 44 and installed below the siding wall 41. With the upper end of the glass part 26 inserted into the receiving angle groove 445, the space between the glass part 26 and the receiving angle 44 is caulked, forming a sidewall ventilation layer G2 between the glass part 26 and the sidewall structure 22.

[0074] The receiving angle 44 is a member similar to the receiving angle 24 shown in Fig. 2(A). However, this receiving angle 44 does not have an air hole 25 (see Fig. 2(A)) in the joint portion 444. The side wall ventilation layer G2 formed between the glass portion 26 and the side wall structure 22 is not connected to an area above the receiving angle 44. This is because the siding wall 41 has higher air permeability than the glass portion 26, and the space sandwiched between the siding wall 41 and the side wall structure 22 may be less airtight than the space sandwiched between the glass portion 26 and the side wall structure 22.

[0075] In other words, at the boundary between the glass section 26 and the vertical and horizontal directions of the siding wall 41, the angle-shaped mounting fittings for mounting the glass section 26 may be mounting fittings similar to the retaining angle 23, receiving angle 24 and vertical angle 27 described in Figure 2, but do not have ventilation holes at the joints 234, 244, 274, etc.

[0076] As a result, the sidewall air layer G2 is not connected to the portion of the siding wall 41 with low airtightness, and bypasses the portion of the siding wall 41 to form the sidewall air layer G2 only between the glass part 26 and the sidewall structure 22. Even in the siding part 40, the sidewall air layer G2, combined with the airtightness of the sidewall structure 22 that has been increased by the existing construction method, forms a highly airtight space between the outside air and the room 10.

[0077] This does not apply to siding wall 41 when a film of a glass material or the like is formed on the surface to increase the airtightness of siding wall 41. In such a case, at the boundary between siding wall 41 and glass portion 26, air vent 25 or 28 (see FIG. 2) may be provided in the portion corresponding to joints 234, 244, 274 of the mounting hardware for mounting glass portion 26, so that air in sidewall air layer G2 can flow in the space formed between siding wall 41 and sidewall structure 22.

[0078] Fig. 6 shows a configuration example of an overhanging portion 50 (see Fig. 1(A)) provided on the outer periphery of the lower second floor of a residential building 1. Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing an XZ cross section and appropriate ranges of the side wall portion 20 in the +Z direction and the -Y direction to show the configuration of the overhanging portion 50.

[0079] The retaining angle 53 is fixed to the building structure including the eaves material 13, the pillars 14, the sidewall structure 22, etc. The retaining angle 53 is a member similar to the retaining angle 23 shown in FIG. 2(A). However, this retaining angle 53 does not have the ventilation hole 25 (see FIG. 2(A)) in the support part 534. The glass part 26 is caulked between itself and the retaining angle 53 with its lower end inserted into the retaining angle groove 535. The glass part 26 forms a sidewall ventilation layer G2 between itself and the sidewall structure 22.

[0080] The sidewall ventilation layer G2 formed between the glass portion 26 and the sidewall structure 22 is not connected below the retaining angle 53. The sidewall ventilation layer G2 terminates at the retaining angle 53, and the sidewall ventilation layer G2 is formed only between the glass portion 26 and the sidewall structure 22. Even in the overhang portion 50, the sidewall ventilation layer G2, combined with the airtightness of the sidewall structure 22 that has been increased by an existing construction method, forms a highly airtight space between the outside air and the room 10.

[0081] The water cut angle 51 indicates a water cut angle for the lower section of the overhanging portion 50. The water cut angle 51 is provided at the lower section of the overhanging portion 50 as a waterproof structure that prevents rainwater from entering.

[0082] Fig. 7 shows a configuration example of a window portion 60 (see Fig. 1(A)) in which a glass portion 26 is arranged around a window 61. Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing a YZ cross section and an appropriate range of a side wall portion 20 in the ±Z direction and the +X direction in order to show the configuration of the window portion 60.

[0083] Figure 7 shows a case in which a window 61 is surrounded by a window frame 62, and a glass portion 26 supported by a holding angle 63 and a receiving angle 64 is installed vertically above and below the window frame 62. The holding angle 63 and the receiving angle 64 are similar members to the holding angle 23 and the receiving angle 24 shown in Figure 2(A). However, the holding angle 63 and the receiving angle 64 do not have the ventilation hole 25 (see Figure 2(A)) in the joints 634, 644.

[0084] The glass part 26 is caulked between the holding angle 63 and the receiving angle 64 with the lower end and upper end inserted into the holding angle groove 635 and the receiving angle groove 645, respectively. The glass part 26 forms a sidewall ventilation layer G2 between itself and the sidewall structure 22.

[0085] The sidewall ventilation layer G2 formed between the glass part 26 and the sidewall structure 22 is not connected below the retaining angle 63. The sidewall ventilation layer G2 formed between the glass part 26 and the sidewall structure 22 is not connected above the receiving angle 64. The sidewall ventilation layer G2 terminates at the retaining angle 63 and the receiving angle 64, and forms a highly airtight sidewall ventilation layer G2 only between the glass part 26 and the sidewall structure 22.

[0086] In other words, at the boundary between the window 61 and the window frame 62 and the glass portion 26 in the vertical and horizontal directions, the angle-shaped mounting fittings for mounting the glass portion 26 may be mounting fittings similar to the retaining angle 23, receiving angle 24 and vertical angle 27 described in Figure 2, but do not have air vents at the joints 234, 244, 274, etc.

[0087] As a result, the sidewall air layer G2 bypasses the window 61 and the window frame 62, and forms the sidewall air layer G2 only between the highly airtight glass part 26 and the sidewall structure 22. Even in the window part 60, the sidewall air layer G2 forms a highly airtight space between the outside air and the room 10, in combination with the airtightness of the sidewall structure 22 that has been increased by an existing construction method.

[0088] Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a roof connection part 70 (see Fig. 1(A)) that connects the side wall part 20 and the roof part 80 of the residential building 1. Fig. 8 shows a YZ cross section and appropriate ranges of the side wall part 20 and the roof part 80 in the -Z direction and the +X direction so that the configuration of the roof connection part 70 and the roof part 80 can be seen.

[0089] The glass section 26 is installed at the upper part of the side wall section 20 by a receiving angle 74, which is an installation fitting fixed to the side wall structure 22. With the upper end of the glass section 26 inserted into the receiving angle groove 745, a caulking process is performed between the glass section 26 and the receiving angle 74, forming a side wall ventilation layer G2 between the glass section 26 and the side wall structure 22.

[0090] The receiving angle 74 is a member similar to the receiving angle 24 shown in Fig. 2(A). However, the cross section (YZ cross section shown in Fig. 8) of the joint portion 744 of the receiving angle 74 is U-shaped, and when the receiving angle 74 is fixed to the sidewall structure 22, a space 746 is formed that is airtight with the outside air. This space 746 is connected to the sidewall ventilation layer G2 by the ventilation hole 25 (see Fig. 2(A)) provided in the joint portion 744 of the receiving angle 74. The air inside the space 746 moves between the sidewall ventilation layer G2 through the ventilation hole 25 provided in the receiving angle 74.

[0091] In roof section 80, an upper structure 82 is placed a specified distance above ceiling 12 on which ceiling fan F2 is installed, and glass section 26 is installed further above that. As an existing construction method, a sheet 221 for moisture permeability, waterproofing, heat insulation, etc. is attached to upper structure 82. The space between ceiling 12 and upper structure 82 constitutes part of attic ventilation layer G3.

[0092] The glass section 26 of the roof section 80 is supported on the side closer to the side wall section 20 by a retaining angle 83, which is an angle-shaped installation fitting fixed to the upper structure 82. The glass section 26 of the roof section 80 is also supported by a roof angle 87 fixed to the upper structure 82, for example, at the center of the roof section 80. The retaining angle 83 and the roof angle 87 are similar members to the retaining angle 23 and the vertical angle 27 shown in Figure 2(A), respectively. The air vents 25 and 28 are provided in the portions corresponding to the joints 234 and 274 of the respective angles.

[0093] The glass section 26 is supported by the retaining angle 83 and the roof angle 87 with one end inserted into the retaining angle groove 835. The space between the glass section 26 and the upper structure 82 constitutes part of the attic ventilation layer G3.

[0094] The space between the ceiling 12 and the upper structure 82 and the space between the upper structure 82 and the glass section 26 are connected by a roof vent 81 that penetrates both, and together they form the attic ventilation layer G3. The attic ventilation layer G3 is covered at the top by the glass section 26, and by caulking between the glass section 26 and the retaining angle 83 and between the glass section 26 and the roof angle 87, the space is made highly airtight from the outside air.

[0095] The attic ventilation layer G3 is connected to the space 836 by the ventilation holes 25 (see FIG. 2(A)) provided in the joint 834 of the retaining angle 83, and by a gap provided between the upper structure 82 and the sidewall structure 22. The space 836 is a highly airtight space 836 between the outside air and the joint 834 of the retaining angle 83 that is formed between the joint 834 and the sidewall structure 22 by extending the joint 834 of the retaining angle 83 along the sidewall structure 22 to the parapet portion 75.

[0096] A ventilating packing 79 is installed between the space 746 and the space 836. The ventilating packing 79 is a rubber member installed in the parapet portion 75 of the residential building 1. The ventilating packing 79 is arranged directly below the extension portion of the joint portion 834 to maintain airtightness between the packing and the outside air. The ventilating packing 79 is provided with a groove penetrating the packing in the Y direction of FIG. 8, and has ventilation in the Y direction of FIG. 8 which is the direction of the groove. The spaces 746 and 836 on both sides of the ventilating packing 79 are configured so that the air therein moves (ventilates) through the ventilating packing 79.

[0097] The roof connection part 70 including the receiving angle 74 of the side wall part 20, the retaining angle 83 of the roof part 80, and the ventilation packing 79 is provided around the entire periphery of the upper part of the residential building 1. The attic ventilation layer G3 provided on the roof part 80 of the residential building 1 and the side wall ventilation layer G2 provided on the side wall part 20 are connected through the roof connection part 70 provided around the entire periphery of the upper part of the residential building 1 so as to allow air movement while maintaining airtightness with the outside air.

[0098] The ceiling fan F2 attached to the ceiling 12 works in cooperation with the floor fan F1 attached to the floor 11 to generate a pressure difference between the underfloor ventilation layer G1 and the attic ventilation layer G3. The air in the underfloor ventilation layer G1 circulates efficiently through the side wall 20 and roof 80 of the residential building 1 through the side wall ventilation layer G2 and the attic ventilation layer G3. The circulation of air in the underfloor ventilation layer G1 is driven by the pressure difference generated between the underfloor ventilation layer G1 and the attic ventilation layer G3, and is achieved with less power consumption.

[0099] As a result, the interior space 10 of the residential building 1 is insulated from the outside of the building by the air in the side wall ventilation layer G2 and the attic ventilation layer G3, and is surrounded by a layer of air that flows out from the underfloor ventilation layer G1, which has a relatively stable temperature. The residential building 1 can achieve an appropriate indoor temperature with less power consumption by surrounding the entire building with an insulating layer made of air at a stable temperature.

[0100] In the above specification, the glass portion 26 is made of a member made of a glass material to ensure airtightness between the side wall ventilation layer G2 and the attic ventilation layer G3 and the outside air. The glass portion 26 may be power-generating glass. The power-generating glass is a solar cell integrated with glass. For example, the product name Sunjoul (manufactured by AGC Glass Construction Materials) can be used as the power-generating glass. The effects expected when power-generating glass is used as the glass portion 26 will be described.

[0101] In this embodiment, when the glass portion 26 covering almost the entire sidewall portion 20 and roof portion 80 of the residential building 1 is made of power-generating glass, the residential building 1 is expected to generate three to five times more private power than when solar cells are installed only on the roof portion 80. This is because the sheet 221 attached to the sidewall structure 22 and upper structure 82 can have a sheet member that reflects sunlight that has passed through the glass portion 26, and sunlight can be incident on both the front and back sides of the power-generating glass to generate power.

[0102] According to the patent applicant's calculations, although there are seasonal variations and differences depending on the region, by using power-generating glass in the glass portion 26, the residential building 1 of this embodiment can generate 50 to 100 kW of private power on average. The privately generated electricity can be consumed in the residential building 1, and the surplus can be sold to an electric power company. By using power-generating glass in the glass portion 26, the residential building 1 of this embodiment is expected to generate electricity and earn an income from selling electricity of about 100,000 yen / month, i.e., about 1.2 million yen / year. This income from selling electricity can be expected to be almost equal to the loan repayment amount for purchasing the residential building 1. By using power-generating glass in the glass portion 26, the residential building 1 of this embodiment has the effect of reducing the burden on the building purchaser after purchase and giving them an incentive to purchase the building.

[0103] The above describes the residential building according to the present invention based on the embodiment. The present invention is not limited to the described embodiment, and modifications can be made within the scope of the claims. Such modified forms are also included in the scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0104] 1 ... residential building, 10 ... interior, 11 ... floor, 12 ... ceiling, 13 ... eaves material, 14 ... pillar, 20 ... side wall portion, 22 ... side wall structure, 221 ... sheet, 26 ... glass portion, 261 ... caulking sealing portion, 23, 33, 53, 63, 83... Retaining angle, 24, 44, 64, 74... Receiving angle, 25, 28... Ventilation hole, 27... Vertical angle, 231, 241, 271... Fixing plate, 272... Stop plate, 232, 242... Inner retaining plate, 233, 243... Outer retaining plate, 234, 244, 274, 334, 444, 534, 634, 644, 744, 834... Joint, 235, 335, 535, 635, 835... Retaining angle groove, 245, 445, 645, 745... Receiving angle groove, 30... Foundation connection, 31... Foundation base, 311... Thermal insulation, 32... Substructure, 336, 746, 836... Space, 39, 79... Ventilated packing, 40... Siding section, 41... Siding wall, 42... Siding retaining section, 43... Ventilated furring strip, 50... Overhang section, 51... Drain angle, 60... Window section, 61... Window, 62... Window frame, 70... Roof connection, 75... Parapet section, 80... Roof section, 81... Roof vent, 82... Upper structure, 87... Roof angle, G1... Underfloor ventilation layer, G2... Side wall ventilation layer, G3... Attic ventilation layer, F1... Floor fan, F2... Ceiling fan

Claims

1. The glass section covers almost the entire side wall and roof of the building. An underfloor ventilation layer G1 provided in the foundation part of the building; A sidewall ventilation layer G2 provided between the sidewall structure of the building and the glass portion, and airtightness between the sidewall ventilation layer G2 and the outside air is maintained by the glass portion; An attic ventilation layer G3 provided between the ceiling of the building and the glass part, and airtight between the attic and the outside air is maintained by the glass part; a foundation connection portion that connects the underfloor ventilation layer G1 and the side wall ventilation layer G2 so as to allow air movement between them while maintaining airtightness between them and the outside air; A roof connection portion that connects the side wall ventilation layer G2 and the attic ventilation layer G3 so as to allow air movement while maintaining airtightness between the side wall ventilation layer G2 and the attic ventilation layer G3; A ceiling fan installed on a ceiling of the building and a floor fan installed on a floor of the building; A residential building having:

2. The mounting bracket for the glass part is The device is comprised of three plate-like parts each having a rectangular shape that is long in one direction, namely a fixed plate, an inner locking plate, and an outer locking plate, and a connecting part that connects the longitudinal sides of these plate-like parts to each other; The distance between the fixing plate and the inner locking plate is approximately the same as the thickness of the side wall ventilation layer G2 or the attic ventilation layer G3, The distance between the inner and outer locking plates is approximately the same as the thickness of the glass part. The glass part is installed on the building using an installation bracket.

2. A residential building according to claim 1.

3. The foundation connection is provided around the entire lower periphery of the building, The roof connection is provided around the entire perimeter of the top of the building. Residential building according to claim 1 or claim 2.

4. The underfloor ventilation layer G1 is a space having an area substantially equal to the floor of the building in the horizontal direction and a depth of approximately 400 mm in the vertical direction. The side wall ventilation layer G2 is a space having an area approximately equal to the entire side wall of the building and a thickness of approximately 20 mm. The attic ventilation layer G3 is a space having an area approximately equal to the ceiling of the building and a thickness of approximately 60 mm. Residential building according to claim 1 or claim 2.

5. The residential building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the building is a residential building having 2 to 3 floors.

6. 3. The residential building according to claim 1, wherein the glass portion is made of power-generating glass.

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