Rubber composition containing additives and use thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rubber composition containing a rubber and at least one rubber additive based on a higher molecular weight colophony rosin ester. The at least one rubber additive comprises a colophony rosin ester made from colophony rosin and at least one alcohol, the colophony rosin used to prepare the colophony rosin ester having an acid number of 130-190 mg KOH / g and the at least one alcohol used having not more than 7 hydroxyl groups and a molecular weight of at least 200 g / mol. The present invention further relates to the use of the rubber additive in the rubber composition, to a tire, at least one component of which is at least partially made from the rubber composition according to the invention, and to a method for producing them.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] FIELD OF THEINVENTION The present invention relates to a rubber composition comprising a rubber and at least one rubber additive based on a high molecular weight rosin ester. The present invention further relates to the use of the rubber additive in the rubber composition, to a tire, at least one component of which is at least partially made from the rubber composition according to the invention, and to a method for their production. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Background of the Invention Automobile tires must meet various road driving requirements. Tread compound formulations are usually optimized for the specific requirements of tires in the individual areas of use. During the development of tread compounds for ultra-high performance (UHP) tires and summer tires, attempts have been made in recent years to achieve improvements in properties such as tire grip, tire wear and tire handling. For this purpose, resins based on, for example, alpha-methylstyrene, terpene and coumarone-indene resins have been added in high proportions to the rubber compositions used in the production of tires for passenger cars.

[0003] However, the above mentioned approaches make the rubber composition less processable, especially with problems of stickiness, high viscosity and lack of green strength. To eliminate or reduce these problems, some processing aids (additives) are used in the rubber / vulcanizate industry, but their use often leads to drawbacks in other desired properties, such as lower stiffness of the rubber compound or vulcanizate from which the tire is made. This means that the tire wears more and the tire handling is worse. The poor tire wear properties are problematic due to the substances emitted thereby (particulate matter problem). The wet grip properties of the tire play an important role in safety, and the rolling resistance behavior plays an important role in energy consumption.

[0004] It is known among experts that an improvement in the physical properties of a rubber composition is associated with the impairment of another property. In tread compounds, a so-called trade-off exists between the processability of the rubber composition on the one hand and at least one of the following properties: wet braking behavior, rolling resistance and tire wear on the other hand. Such a compromise between good processing properties and shortcomings in performance criteria such as tire grip (wet and dry grip, tire wear and tire handling) is becoming less and less acceptable today.

[0005] WO2016 / 105909(A1) relates to a rubber composition comprising rubber, silica, an organosilane containing at least one cyclic and / or bridged alkoxy group, and a "rosin-containing material". The rubber composition described can be used in the production of tires. The rubber composition can include a rosin ester. WO'909 does not disclose the use of rosin esters with high molecular weight.

[0006] WO2017 / 117578(A1) relates to a method for preparing a molded rubber composition, in which a rubber compound is combined with an extender compound. The rubber composition described can be used for the production of tires. The extender compound can be a rosin ester, in which inter alia ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol or triethylene glycol can be used as the alcohol.

[0007] WO2011 / 130525(A1) relates to a rubber composition for tires comprising a rubber compound and a processing oil, the processing oil comprising modified tall oil pitch, and tires manufactured therefrom (see Abstract). Tall oil (also known as liquid colophony) is an oily mixture of materials that occurs as a by-product during the production of wood pulp. Tall oil pitch typically contains 2-8% by weight fatty acids, 3-15% by weight resin acids and 30-45% by weight "unsaponifiable matter". The acid number of tall oil pitch is between 15 and 50.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to develop a new additive for ultra-high performance (UHP) and summer tires, which improves the processing properties of the rubber compositions used in the manufacture of these tires, while at the same time the other performance properties of the tires, in particular the handling behavior, the properties relating to wet braking and dry raking, the wear and rolling resistance behavior of the tires, are not impaired or are even at least partially improved. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2016 / 105909 [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2017 / 117578 [Patent Document 3] International Publication No. 2011 / 130525 Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] Summary of the Invention This object is achieved according to the invention by a rubber composition containing rubber and at least one rubber additive, characterized in that the at least one rubber additive comprises a rosin ester derived from rosin and at least one alcohol, the rosin used to prepare the rosin ester having an acid number between 130 and 190 mg KOH / g and the alcohol(s) used having not more than 7 hydroxyl groups and a molecular weight of at least 200 g / mol.

[0011] A further aspect of the present invention relates to the use of a rosin ester derived from rosin and at least one alcohol, as a rubber additive in a rubber composition for improving the Mooney viscosity of the rubber composition and / or for improving at least one of the wear, grip and rolling resistance of a tire manufactured from the rubber composition, wherein the rosin used has an acid number of 130 to 190 mg KOH / g and the alcohol(s) used have a molecular weight of at least 200 g / mol and not more than 7 hydroxyl groups.

[0012] A further aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a tire, characterized in that one or more components of the tire are produced from the rubber composition of the present invention, and the rubber composition is cured.

[0013] A further aspect of the present invention relates to a tire, at least one component of which is at least partially made from the rubber composition according to the present invention, the tire being preferably an ultra high performance (UHP) tire or a summer tire.

[0014] Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. Embodiments of the invention may comprise, and in particular consist of, the components listed below. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1]FIG. 1 shows three different extrudates made from rubber compositions J, K and L, as described in Example 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0016] Detailed Description of the Invention The present inventors have surprisingly discovered that rosin esters having an alcohol component (meaning the moiety is derived from the corresponding alcohol) with a high molecular weight have beneficial properties in a rubber composition as compared to rosin esters having an alcohol component with a low molecular weight.

[0017] Rubber composition The constituents of the rubber composition according to the invention are described in more detail below: all statements also apply to the tire according to the invention, at least one component of which consists, at least in part, of the rubber composition according to the invention, and to the use according to the invention of the rosin ester.

[0018] The phr (parts per hundred parts by weight of rubber) specifications used herein are quantity specifications for compound formulations that are common in the rubber industry. The percentages of parts by weight of individual materials herein are based on 100 parts by weight of the total mass of all high molecular weight, and therefore solid, rubber present in the compound.

[0019] Rosin Ester Rosin (colophony) is a resinous material obtained from a number of plants, particularly conifers such as Pinus Sylvestris, Pinus palustris, and Pinus caribaea. Rosin consists of a mixture of rosin acids and small amounts of additional components. Rosin acids include, for example, abietic acid, neoabietic acid, dehydroabietic acid, pimaric acid, levopimaric acid, sandaracopimaric acid, isopimaric acid, and palustric acid. The types and relative amounts of resin acids present in rosin can vary, depending in part on the type of plant and the production process.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, disproportionated rosin is used. Disproportionated rosin mainly contains dehydrogenated rosin acid and hydrogenated rosin acid. Disproportionated rosin is produced from gum rosin by heating or acid treatment. The rosin used to prepare the rosin ester of the present invention preferably contains less than 5% by weight of abietic acid and / or more than 30% by weight of dehydroabietic acid.

[0021] The rosins used to prepare the rosin esters have an acid number of 130 to 190 mg KOH / g, preferably 140 to 180 mg KOH / g and in particular 150 to 170 mg KOH / g. The acid number is determined according to DIN EN ISO 2114.

[0022] Furthermore, the rosin used to prepare the rosin ester preferably has a softening point (ring and ball), measured according to ASTM E 28, between 50 and 100°C, preferably between 60 and 90°C, between 65 and 80°C, in particular between 68 and 74°C.

[0023] The term "rosin ester" refers to an ester of rosin as the acid component with at least one alcohol. Rosin esters can be prepared from rosin and alcohol by methods known to those skilled in the art. Mixtures of rosins, which may be derived from different sources, can also be used.

[0024] The rosin ester is prepared by esterifying rosin with at least one alcohol having a molecular weight of at least 200 g / mol. The at least one alcohol preferably has a molecular weight of at least 300 g / mol, such as 380 g / mol, in particular at least 400 g / mol. The alcohol can have a molecular weight of 200 to 2000 g / mol, preferably 300 to 2000 g / mol, such as 400 g / mol to 2000 g / mol or 400 g / mol to 1500 g / mol.

[0025] While a particular alcohol can be prepared molecularly uniformly, the alcohol prepared by polymerization is known to the expert to be polymolecular, i.e., composed of a distribution of macromolecules with different molar masses. In the context of the present invention, in the case of polymolecular alcohols, reference is made to the average molecular weight (number average). Methods for its determination are known to the expert, for example DIN 53240 or, in particular, ASTM D4274-16.

[0026] The at least one alcohol used to prepare the rosin ester has seven or fewer hydroxyl groups.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the alcohol used to prepare the rosin ester has 2 to 7 hydroxyl groups.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, an alcohol having six or fewer hydroxyl groups, preferably four or fewer hydroxyl groups, is used in the preparation of the rosin esters. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the alcohol used to prepare the rosin esters has two or three hydroxyl groups.

[0029] Preferably, the at least one alcohol used in the rosin ester has at least 7 carbon atoms, preferably at least 8, especially at least 15 carbon atoms.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the alcohol used does not have an aromatic group.

[0031] In a further preferred embodiment, the alcohol used further consists only of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

[0032] The at least one alcohol used to prepare the rosin esters can be linear or branched, especially linear, and can optionally be interrupted by heteroatoms.

[0033] In an embodiment, the rosin ester is prepared using only one alcohol, including, however, high molecular weight alcohols with a certain molecular weight distribution, such as PEG 400. In a further embodiment, at least two different alcohols are used in the preparation of the rosin ester, for example two different alcohols, this time in each case having no more than seven hydroxyl groups and a molecular weight of at least 200 g / mol.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one alcohol used to prepare the rosin ester has a molecular weight of at least 300 g / mol and no more than six hydroxyl groups.

[0035] In a more preferred embodiment, the at least one alcohol used to prepare the rosin ester has a molecular weight of at least 300 g / mol and no more than four hydroxyl groups.

[0036] In a more preferred embodiment, the at least one alcohol used to prepare the rosin ester has a molecular weight of at least 380 g / mol and no more than four hydroxyl groups.

[0037] In a further preferred embodiment, a rosin having an acid value of 140-180 mg KOH / g and at least one alcohol having a molecular weight of at least 380 g / mol are used for the preparation of the rosin ester.

[0038] In a further preferred embodiment, a rosin having an acid value of 140-180 mg KOH / g and at least one alcohol having a molecular weight of at least 380 g / mol and two or three hydroxyl groups is used for the preparation of the rosin ester.

[0039] In a more preferred embodiment, a rosin having an acid value of 150-170 mg KOH / g and at least one alcohol having a molecular weight of 400 g / mol-1500 g / mol are used to prepare the rosin ester.

[0040] In a more preferred embodiment, the at least one alcohol used to prepare the rosin ester has a molecular weight of at least 200 g / mol, two or three hydroxyl groups, and at least seven carbon atoms.

[0041] In a further particularly preferred embodiment, the at least one alcohol used to prepare the rosin ester has a molecular weight of at least 380 g / mol and two or three hydroxyl groups.

[0042] According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one alcohol used is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycols, as defined in more detail below, ethoxylated glycerol, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane, ethoxylated pentaerythritol or ethoxylated sorbitol, as defined in more detail below.

[0043] The at least one alcohol used to prepare the rosin ester can be selected from the group consisting of C2-C4 alkoxylates of polyols, polyethylene glycols (PEGs), polypropylene glycols (PPGs), and / or copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.

[0044] In an embodiment, the rosin ester is prepared from rosin and at least one polyether, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), polypropylene glycol (PPG), and / or a copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. The copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide can be a statistical or block copolymer. It is known to those skilled in the art that polyethers with higher molar masses are polymolecular, i.e., consist of a distribution of macromolecules with various molar masses. According to the present invention, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol and / or a copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with an average molecular weight in the range of approximately 200 to 1500 g / mol can be used to prepare the rosin ester, for example 200 to 800 g / mol can be used.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one alcohol used is a polyethylene glycol, preferably having a molecular weight of 200 to 800 g / mol.

[0046] In a further preferred embodiment, the at least one alcohol used is a polypropylene glycol, preferably having a molecular weight of 200 to 800 g / mol.

[0047] In a further preferred embodiment, the rosin ester is prepared from at least one statistical copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, preferably the copolymer has a molecular weight of 200 to 800 g / mol.In a preferred embodiment, the statistical copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide has an ethylene oxide group content of 10 to 30% by weight.

[0048] In a further embodiment, the rosin ester is prepared from at least one block copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide having a molecular weight of 200-3000, in particular 50-4500 g / mol, such as 500-2500 g / mol. According to a preferred embodiment, the ethylene oxide / propylene oxide block copolymer has an ethylene oxide group content of 10-80% by weight, such as 10-55% by weight. The block copolymer may be constructed with a polypropylene glycol molecule located in the middle and polyoxyethylene groups located at both ends.

[0049] The ethylene oxide / propylene oxide block copolymers used according to the invention are commercially available compounds. They can be prepared by reacting polypropylene glycol with ethylene oxide. Examples of ethylene oxide / propylene oxide block copolymers are Pluronic® PE polymers such as Pluronic® PE 3100, Pluronic® PE 3500, Pluronic® PE 4300, Pluronic® PE 6100, Pluronic® PE 6120, Pluronic® PE 6200, Pluronic® PE 6400, Pluronic® PE 6800, Pluronic® PE 8100, Pluronic® PE 9200, Pluronic® PE 9400, Pluronic® PE 10100, Pluronic® PE 10300, Pluronic® PE 10400 and Pluronic® PE 10500, manufactured by BASF SE.

[0050] In a further embodiment, the rosin ester is prepared from at least one C2-C4 alkoxylate of a polyol. By polyol is meant a substance having at least two free hydroxyl groups. The hydrocarbon portion of the polyol is a carbon and hydrogen containing group in which at least two carbon atoms are bonded to one hydroxyl group. The hydrocarbon portion of the polyol can be linear or branched, in particular linear, and can be optionally interrupted by heteroatoms.

[0051] C2-C4 alkoxylates of polyols are polyols reacted with C2-C4 alkylene oxides, several reactions can occur one after the other on the hydroxyl groups of the polyol. Examples of C2-C4 alkylene oxides are ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and 1-butene oxide. The reaction of polyols with C2-C4 alkylene oxides is carried out using established methods.

[0052] Mixed C2-C4 alkoxylates can also be used, where the polyol is reacted with a mixture of C2-C4 alkylene oxides (a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and / or 1-butylene oxide).

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the rosin ester is prepared from at least one polyol alkoxylate having from 5 to 10, for example up to 10, such as 7, alkylene oxide units.

[0054] The C2-C4 alkoxylates of polyols may have an average molecular weight in the range of approximately 200 to 1500 g / mol, such as approximately 200 to 800 g / mol, especially 300 to 500 g / mol.

[0055] In an embodiment, the C2-C4 alkoxylate has at least two hydroxyl groups. In a preferred embodiment, the C2-C4 alkoxylate of the polyol used to prepare the rosin ester has between two and four hydroxyl groups, such as two or three hydroxyl groups.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the rosin ester is prepared from at least one polyol ethoxylate having from 5 to 10, for example up to 10, such as 7, ethylene oxide units (EO units).

[0057] In a further preferred embodiment, the rosin ester is prepared from at least one polyol propoxylate having 5 to 10, for example up to 10, such as 7, propylene oxide units (PO units).

[0058] The polyol ethoxylate or polyol propoxylate preferably has between 2 and 6 hydroxyl groups, such as between 2 and 4 hydroxyl groups.

[0059] C2-C4 alkoxylated polyols are C2-C 15 It can be a polyol, which means that the polyol has 2 to 15 carbon atoms. 10 Polyols, especially C2-C6 polyols, are C2-C 15 As the polyol component preferably used, the polyol preferably has 2 to 8 hydroxyl groups, such as 2 or 3 hydroxyl groups, in particular 2 to 4 hydroxyl groups.

[0060] Examples of polyols which can be reacted with C2-C4 alkylene oxides are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane and mixtures thereof. The polyol of the C2-C4 alkoxylate is preferably selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, glycerol and mixtures thereof, in particular glycerol.

[0061] Sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, maltitol, mannitol, xylitol and mixtures thereof can also be used as polyols that can react with C2-C4 alkylene oxides, with the added advantage that the rosin esters thus produced can be produced more sustainably.

[0062] In a further particularly preferred embodiment, the at least one alcohol used is an ethoxylated glycerol, in particular having 5 to 10, for example up to 10, such as 7, ethylene oxide units (EO units). Such glycerol according to the invention is commercially available, for example as Aduxol-Gly-07, from Schaerer & Schlaepfer.

[0063] In a further embodiment, the at least one alcohol used is ethoxylated trimethylolpropane, ethoxylated pentaerythritol or ethoxylated sorbitol.

[0064] In an alternative embodiment, the at least one alcohol used, with which the rosin is esterified, comprises or is a reaction product of a C2-C4 alkylene oxide and at least one monoalcohol, which in turn has at least 2, preferably at least 2 to 30, in particular 6 to 12, units derived from C2-C4 alkylene oxide (also simply "C2-C4 alkylene oxide units"), preferably ethylene oxide units, propylene oxide units and / or butylene oxide units. The at least one monoalcohol is preferably a saturated or unsaturated C8-C 24 Hydrocarbon groups, especially C 12 ~C 18 These are hydrocarbon alcohols having a hydrocarbon group. When so-called fatty alcohols derived from natural sources are used as monoalcohols, they are often present as mixtures.

[0065] In an alternative embodiment, the rosin can also be reacted with the reaction product of a C2-C4 alkylene oxide and at least one carboxylic acid. In this case, the rosin is esterified with the free hydroxyl groups derived from the alkylene oxide reaction. The reaction product preferably has at least 2, preferably at least 2-30, especially 6-12, units derived from a C2-C4 alkylene oxide, especially ethylene oxide units, propylene oxide units and / or butylene oxide units.

[0066] The at least one carboxylic acid is preferably a C8-C 24 Carboxylic acids, especially C 12 ~C 18 Carboxylic acids. When so-called fatty acids from natural sources are used as carboxylic acids, they often exist as mixtures. Examples are castor oil (oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and palmitic acid) or coconut oil (oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitic acid, lauric acid and myristic acid).

[0067] The alcohol components used above to prepare the rosin esters according to the invention are generally water-soluble, i.e. at least 1 g dissolves in 100 ml of water under standard conditions (standard pressure (approximately 1 bar) and room temperature (approximately 20° C.)).

[0068] Rosin esters can be prepared by heating rosin and an alcohol with an acid. Hypophosphorous acid or a mixture of hypophosphorous acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid, for example, can be used as the acid.

[0069] The molecular weight of the rosin ester is preferably at least 450 g / mol, particularly 500 to 2000 g / mol. The molecular weight of the rosin ester can be determined by gel permeation chromatography using a differential refractometer.

[0070] Furthermore, the rosin ester may have a dynamic viscosity at 20°C of 2000 to 60000 mPa s, preferably 2500 to 5000 mPa s, and particularly 3000 to 4500 mPa s.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment, the rosin ester according to the present invention is liquid under standard conditions (standard pressure (approximately 1 bar) and room temperature (approximately 20° C.)).

[0072] Rubber Additives The rubber composition according to the present invention contains at least one rubber additive comprising the rosin ester according to the present invention as detailed above. In an embodiment, the rubber additive can consist of a rosin ester. Alternatively, the rubber additive contains at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 70% by weight, in particular at least 90% by weight of a rosin ester.

[0073] The rubber additive may also have further constituents in addition to the rosin ester. In a preferred embodiment, the rubber additive contains fatty acid esters and / or soaps of fatty acids, in particular zinc and / or potassium fatty acid soaps.

[0074] The rubber additive of the present invention can be preferably present in a blend containing one or more solid carrier materials and one or more rosin esters. Inorganic fillers (such as silica) or wax-like materials (such as polyethylene wax) can be preferably used as carrier materials.

[0075] In a preferred variant, silica is used as support material. Examples of commercially available silicas that can be used in the blends of the invention are Sipernat 22 and Sipernat 50 from Evonik.

[0076] The weight ratio of carrier material to rosin ester in the blend is, for example, 10 / 90 to 90 / 10, more preferably 20 / 80 to 80 / 20, and particularly preferably approximately 30 / 70 or 33 / 67.

[0077] The use of the blend makes the rosin esters easier to handle, especially when the rosin esters are liquids at room temperature.

[0078] Rubber The rubber composition according to the present invention contains at least one rubber.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, the rubber is a rubber that can be crosslinked by sulfur crosslinking. According to the invention, rubbers are used that are particularly suitable for the preparation of tread compounds that can be used in the manufacture of tires.

[0080] The preferred rubbers are diene rubbers. Rubbers formed by polymerization or copolymerization of dienes and / or cycloalkenes and therefore having C=C double bonds in either the main chain or side groups are called diene rubbers. The preferred diene rubbers are butadiene rubber, polyisoprene rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, the rubber composition comprises at least one of styrene-butadiene rubber, natural rubber, polyisoprene rubber and / or butadiene rubber, and optionally functionalized forms thereof.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, the rubber composition contains at least one styrene-butadiene rubber (styrene-butadiene copolymer). It can be both a solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR) and an emulsion-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber (ESBR), in which case a mixture of at least one SSBR and at least one ESBR can also be used. The terms "styrene-butadiene rubber" and "styrene-butadiene copolymer" are used synonymously in the context of the present invention. The styrene-butadiene copolymer(s) used can be end-group modified with modifications and functional groups and / or functionalized along the polymer chain. This modification can be by hydroxy groups and / or ethoxy groups and / or epoxy groups and / or siloxane groups and / or amino groups and / or aminosiloxane and / or carboxy groups and / or phthalocyanine groups and / or silane sulfide groups. However, further modifications known to those skilled in the art, also referred to as functionalization, are also considered. Metal atoms can be constituents of such functionalization.

[0083] According to a preferred embodiment, the rubber composition contains at least one styrene-butadiene rubber, preferably in an amount of 40 to 100 phr, particularly preferably 70 to 90 phr.

[0084] According to a preferred embodiment, the rubber composition contains at least one styrene-butadiene rubber, which is functionalized at the polymer chain ends and / or along the polymer chain with at least one of the above-specified groups ("backbone functionalized"). The functional groups are particularly preferably groups capable of bonding to silica, such as, in particular, hydroxy groups and / or ethoxy groups and / or epoxy groups and / or siloxane groups and / or aminosiloxane and / or carboxy groups and / or silane sulfide groups.

[0085] Butadiene rubber (=BR, polybutadiene) can be of all types known to those skilled in the art. These include, inter alia, the so-called high cis and low cis, with polybutadienes having a cis content greater than or equal to 90% by weight being called high cis and polybutadienes having a cis content less than 90% by weight being called low cis. Low cis polybutadienes are, for example, Li-BR (lithium-catalyzed butadiene rubber) with a cis content of 20 to 50% by weight.

[0086] The polybutadienes used may be end-group modified and / or functionalized along the polymer chain. In this respect, reference may be made, where appropriate, to the possibilities disclosed above in connection with the modification and functionalization of styrene-butadiene rubber to adapt it to the requirements of BR as a rubber material.

[0087] According to a preferred embodiment, the rubber composition contains from 5 to 50 phr, preferably from 10 to 30 phr, of at least one butadiene rubber.

[0088] The rubber composition according to the invention can also contain natural and / or synthetic polyisoprene. Here, both cis-1,4-polyisoprene and 3,4-polyisoprene can be used. The rubber composition preferably contains cis-1,4-polyisoprene with a cis-1,4 content of more than 90% by weight. Natural rubber is a rubber with a high cis-1,4 content. The polyisoprene used can also be end-group modified and / or functionalized along the polymer chain. In this regard, reference can be made to the possibilities disclosed above in connection with the modification and functionalization of styrene-butadiene rubber, where appropriate, to adapt it to the requirements of polyisoprene as a rubber material.

[0089] The specified rubbers may also be included in combinations with each other in the rubber composition.

[0090] In a preferred embodiment, the rubber composition comprises at least one styrene-butadiene rubber and at least one butadiene rubber, in particular 5 to 40 phr of butadiene rubber and 40 to 100 phr of styrene-butadiene rubber.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment, the rubber composition comprises at least one liquid polymer (which is a viscous liquid at normal temperatures), such as, for example, LIR (liquid polyisoprene), LBR (liquid polybutadiene) and L-SBR (liquid styrene-butadiene).

[0092] Kurapren LIR30 and Kurapren LIR50 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd. can be used as liquid polyisoprene, for example. LBR-302, LBR-307, LBR-305, LBR-352 or LBR-361 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd. can be used as liquid polybutadiene, for example. L-SBR-820 or L-SBR-841 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd. can be used as liquid styrene-butadiene, for example.

[0093] Furthermore, oil-extended rubber may also be added to the rubber composition according to the invention. With regard to the amount of oil-extended rubber used, it is customary to also "weigh out" the oil content, thus resulting in formulations having "rubber" amounts of more than 100 phr, for example up to 200 phr, such as in the range of 40 or 70 to 140 or 150 phr. However, since the oil content is usually known, the oil-extended rubber may be added such that the sum of the solid rubber components (see above definition in "rubber composition") is 100 parts by weight of total rubber.

[0094] The rubber composition according to the present invention may further contain a relatively small amount, such as 0.1 to 50 phr, of an additional rubber.

[0095] Further Additives The rubber composition of the present invention may contain further additives and constituents in the usual amounts, in particular one or more fillers, one or more catalysts or activators for sulfur crosslinking, and, if necessary, further additions such as anti-aging agents and homogenizing agents.

[0096] In a preferred embodiment, the rubber composition of the present invention contains further additives and components suitable for the preparation of tire tread compounds.

[0097] The rubber composition preferably contains at least one filler. The rubber composition may contain 5 to 300 phr, preferably 30 to 300 phr, particularly 50 to 200 phr of at least one filler, and in this case, the total amount of all the fillers contained is meant.

[0098] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the total filler content is between 30 and 150 phr, particularly preferably between 60 and 140 phr, also preferably between 80 and 130 phr, also particularly preferably between 100 and 130 phr and also very particularly preferably between 110 and 130 phr.

[0099] These can be all of the fillers known to those skilled in the art, such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes, silica, aluminosilicates, phyllosilicates (such as kaolin), calcium carbonate (chalk), starch, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide or rubber gels.

[0100] The rubber composition preferably contains at least one type of silica as a filler. The silica may be any silica known to those skilled in the art that is suitable as a filler for rubber compositions. However, the silica may be any silica having a molecular weight of 35 to 350 nm. 2 / g, preferably 35 to 260 m 2 / g, particularly preferably 100 to 260 m 2 / g, and very particularly preferably 115 to 235 m 2 / g nitrogen surface area (BET surface area) (according to DIN ISO 9277) and 30-400 m 2 / g, preferably 30 to 250m 2 / g, particularly preferably 80 to 250m 2 / g, and very particularly preferably 80 to 230 m 2 It is particularly preferred when finely divided precipitated silica is used having a CTAB surface area (according to ASTM D 3765) of 100 / g.

[0101] Thus, silicas which can be used are, for example, both those of the type Ultrasil® 7000 GR (trade name) from Evonik and those of the type Ultrasil® VN3 (trade name) from Evonik, as well as highly disperse silicas, so-called HD silicas (for example Zeosil® 1165 MP from Solvay).

[0102] Silane coupling agents can be used in rubber compounds to improve processability and to bond silica and other optional polar fillers to diene rubber. Here, one or more different silane coupling agents can be used in combination with one another. That is, the rubber compound can contain a mixture of different silanes. The silane coupling agent reacts with the silanol groups or other polar groups of the silica on the surface during mixing of the rubber or rubber compound (in situ) or already before the filler is added to the rubber in the sense of a pretreatment (premodification). Silane coupling agents that can be used here are all silane coupling agents known to those skilled in the art for use in rubber compounds. Such coupling agents known from the state of the art are difunctional organosilanes, which have at least one alkoxy, cycloalkoxy or phenoxy group on the silicon atom as a leaving group and, as other functional groups, groups that can, if necessary, undergo a chemical reaction with the double bond of the polymer after cleavage.

[0103] It is further advantageous if the rubber composition according to the invention contains at least one plasticizer, the total amount of plasticizer being preferably between 5 and 100 phr. The plasticizers used in the context of the present invention include all plasticizers known to those skilled in the art, such as aromatic, naphthenic or paraffinic mineral oil plasticizers, such as, for example, MES (light extractive solvates) or RAE (residual aromatic extracts) or TDAE (treated distillate aromatic extracts), or Rubber-to-Liquid (RTL) oils, or Biomass-to-Liquid (BTL) oils (preferably with a polycyclic aromatics content of less than 3% by weight according to the IP 346 method), or factice or plasticizing resins. The rubber composition can contain between 5 and 40 phr, preferably between 10 and 30 phr, of plasticizer.

[0104] The rubber composition preferably further comprises materials necessary for crosslinking, such as zinc oxide, an accelerator and / or sulfur.

[0105] It is particularly advantageous if the rubber composition according to the invention contains zinc oxide or a zinc-containing compound for activation of the sulfur vulcanization.

[0106] The vulcanization of the rubber composition is carried out, if appropriate, in the presence of sulfur and / or sulfur donors and with the aid of vulcanization accelerators, where some vulcanization accelerators can simultaneously act as sulfur donors, the sulfur and / or sulfur donors and the vulcanization accelerators being used in amounts known in the state of the art. The sulfur and / or sulfur donors and the accelerator(s) are added to the rubber compound in the final mixing step in the specified amounts. The accelerators are selected from the group consisting of thiazole accelerators and / or mercapto accelerators and / or sulfenamide accelerators and / or thiocarbamate accelerators and / or thiuram accelerators and / or thiophosphate accelerators and / or thiourea accelerators and / or xanthate accelerators and / or guanidine accelerators. Preference is given to the use of at least one sulfenamide accelerator selected from the group consisting of N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide (CBS) and / or N,N-dicyclohexylbenzothiazole-2-sulfenamide (DCBS) and / or benzothiazyl-2-sulfenamide morpholide (MBS) and / or 2,2'-dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) and / or N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazyl sulfenamide (TBBS).

[0107] Several accelerators can also be used. Sulfenamide accelerators, particularly preferably CBS, are preferably used in combination with the guanidine accelerator DPG (diphenylguanidine). The amount of DPG is 0 to 5 phr, preferably 0.1 to 3 phr, particularly preferably 0.5 to 2.5 phr, very particularly preferably 1 to 2.5 phr.

[0108] In addition, the rubber composition may contain conventional additives in conventional parts by weight, which may be selected from the list consisting of anti-aging agents, activators, waxes, resins, mastication and processing aids, and mixtures thereof.

[0109] N-phenyl-N'-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPPD), N,N'-ditolyl-p-phenylenediamine (DTPD), N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (IPPD) and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (TMQ) can be used as anti-aging agents, for example. The rubber composition according to the present invention preferably contains 0.1 to 3 phr of the anti-aging agent.

[0110] Zinc oxide and fatty acids (e.g. stearic acid) or zinc complexes such as, for example, zinc ethylhexanoate may for example be used as activators. The rubber composition according to the invention preferably comprises 0.5 to 10 phr, preferably 2 to 5 phr, of activators.

[0111] The rubber composition according to the present invention preferably contains 0.1 to 3 phr of wax.

[0112] For example, plasticizer resins such as C5 petroleum resins, C9 petroleum resins, terpene resins, coumarone-indene resins, or hydrocarbon resins consisting of alpha-methylstyrene and styrene (AMS resins) may in particular be used as resins. The rubber composition according to the invention preferably comprises 5 to 100 phr, preferably 15 to 50 phr, of the resin.

[0113] 2,2'-dibenzamidodiphenyl disulfide (DBD), for example, can be used as a mastication aid. The rubber composition according to the present invention preferably contains 0.1 to 3 phr of the mastication aid.

[0114] For example, salts of fatty acids such as zinc soaps, as well as fatty acid esters and their derivatives, can be used as processing aids. The rubber composition according to the present invention preferably comprises 0.5 to 10 phr, preferably 2 to 5 phr of processing aids.

[0115] In particular, the rubber composition comprises a) 0.1 to 3 phr of anti-aging agent b) 0.5 to 10 phr, preferably 2 to 5 phr, of an activator c) 0.1~3phr of wax d) 5 to 100 phr, preferably 15 to 50 phr of resin e) 0.1 to 3 phr of a mastication aid, and f) 0.5 to 10 phr, preferably 2 to 5 phr, of processing aids Contains:

[0116] The proportion of further additives in the total amount is between 3 and 150 phr, preferably between 3 and 100 phr, particularly preferably between 5 and 80 phr.

[0117] composition The rubber composition preferably contains between 0.1 and 40 phr, preferably 1 to 30 phr, of the rosin ester according to the invention.

[0118] In a preferred embodiment, the composition has, after vulcanization, a rolling resistance loss tangent at 60° C. that is at least 5%, preferably 10%, in particular 15% lower and / or a wet grip loss tangent at 0° C. that is 5%, preferably 10%, in particular 15% higher.

[0119] Furthermore, the compositions preferably have improved processability, in particular at least 5%, preferably 10%, in particular 15% lower Mooney viscosity and / or correspondingly lower Garvey die material pressure.

[0120] Furthermore, the composition preferably has improved stiffness, in particular a tear strength and / or elongation at break and / or tensile strength, 100% modulus, and / or tensile strength, 300% modulus that is at least 5%, preferably 10%, in particular 15% higher.

[0121] The above-specified improvements (lower rolling resistance, higher wet grip, improved processability, increased stiffness) can be made in comparison with the same composition containing, instead of the additive according to the invention, the same amount of a rubber additive known from the state of the art. A commercially available rubber additive, such as Novares C 10, can be used as the known (comparison) rubber additive. For the test, two otherwise identical rubber compositions are prepared and then their properties are compared with each other.

[0122] The above-specified improvement can also be determined by comparing with the same composition that does not contain the rubber additive according to the invention. For testing, in this case, two identical rubber compositions are prepared, and the rubber additive according to the invention is added to one of them. The properties of these two rubber compositions are then compared with each other.

[0123] The rubber composition is preferably suitable for preparing tread compounds for tires. The rubber composition according to the invention is also suitable for treads consisting of different tread compounds placed next to each other and / or one below the other (multicomponent treads).

[0124] preparation The preparation of the rubber compounds according to the invention is carried out in a conventional manner, firstly by preparing a base mixture containing all the constituents except the vulcanization system (sulfur and vulcanization-influencing substances) in one or more mixing steps, followed by adding the vulcanization system to produce the final mixture.

[0125] This mixture can then be further processed, for example by an extrusion process, into a corresponding form, for example, in the form of a tread blank.

[0126] General methods for preparing rubber compounds and their vulcanizates are described in "Rubber Technology Handbook", W. Hofmann, Hanser Verlag 1994. It is known to those skilled in the art that, if appropriate depending on the mixture, in particular the filler content, further mixing steps should be carried out after the first basic mixing step in order to achieve a better reduction in viscosity and better homogenization.

[0127] tire The present invention also relates to a tire, at least one component of which is at least partially made from the rubber composition according to the invention, the tire being preferably an ultra-high performance (UHP) tire or a summer tire.

[0128] In the context of the present invention, tyres are meant to mean pneumatic and solid rubber motor vehicle tyres, including tyres for motor vehicles, HGVs, cars in industry and on construction sites, as well as two-wheel tyres.

[0129] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tire has, at least in the tread, the rubber composition according to the invention.

[0130] The present invention further relates to a method of making a tire, in which one or more components of the tire are made from a rubber composition according to the present invention, and the rubber composition is cured.

[0131] The use of the rubber composition according to the invention can significantly improve the processes for producing tires and treads.

[0132] use The present invention further relates to the use of a rosin ester consisting of a rosin and at least one alcohol, as a rubber additive, in a rubber composition for improving the Mooney viscosity of the rubber composition and / or for improving at least one of the wear, grip and rolling resistance of a tire manufactured from the rubber composition, wherein the rosin used has an acid number between 130 and 190 mg KOH / g and the alcohol(s) used have a molecular weight of at least 200 g / mol and not more than 7 hydroxyl groups.

[0133] In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the specified properties is improved by at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, compared to a rubber composition containing the same amount of a known rubber additive instead. For example, a commercially available rubber additive such as Novares C 10 may be used as the known (comparison) rubber additive.

[0134] The rubber additive according to the invention can be used in particular in rubber compositions intended for treads.

[0135] In a preferred embodiment, for the use according to the invention, a) one or more solid support materials b) one or more rosin esters according to the present invention A blend including the following is used.

[0136] Inorganic fillers (such as, for example, silica) or wax-like substances (such as, for example, polyethylene wax) may preferably be used as the carrier material. In a preferred embodiment, silica is used as the carrier material.

[0137] The weight ratio of carrier material to rosin ester in the blend is, for example, 10 / 90 to 90 / 10, more preferably 20 / 80 to 80 / 20, and particularly preferably approximately 30 / 70 or 33 / 67.

[0138] Example of embodiment The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to comparative and embodiment examples, without however being limited to these examples. EXAMPLES

[0139] Example 1 Preparation of rubber additives a) Esterification of colophony with ethoxylated glycerol (additive A) 369.0 g of ethoxylated glycerol (Aduxol GLY-07 from Schaerer+Schlaepfer) and 1.4 g of hypophosphorous acid were placed under a nitrogen atmosphere and the mixture was heated to 100° C. A total of 473.1 g of rosin (Gresinox 578 M from DRT, acid number 160 mg KOH / g) was then added in small portions and the mixture was slowly heated to 220° C. and a vacuum was applied. The reaction progress was monitored by measuring the acid number. A viscous liquid was obtained at room temperature with a pour point of about 0° C., measured according to DIN EN ISO 3016.

[0140] b) Esterification of colophony with ethoxylated glycerol (additive B) 4000 g of ethoxylated glycerol (Aduxol GLY-07 from Schaerer+Schlaepfer), 9.2 g of hypophosphorous acid, 4.14 g of paratoluenesulfonic acid and 5190 g of rosin (Gresinox 578 M from DRT) were combined under nitrogen and the mixture was slowly heated to 245°C and a vacuum was applied. The progress of the reaction was monitored by measuring the acid number. A viscous liquid was obtained at room temperature with a pour point of 12°C. The density at 20°C was 1100 kg / m 3 It is.

[0141] c) Esterification of colophony with polyethylene glycol 400 (additive C) In a further procedure, 332.23 g of rosin (Gresinox 578 M from DRT) and 385.07 g of polyethylene glycol 400 (Carbowax PEG 400DE from DOW Chemical Company) were esterified using zinc oxide as catalyst. The dynamic viscosity of the resulting ester is 3,700 mPa at 20° C.

[0142] Example 2 Preparation of Rubber Composition The mixtures are prepared under normal conditions in one or more mixing steps. The mixtures are then further processed, for example by an extrusion process, to obtain the corresponding forms. The various components of the individual mixtures are specified in the tables shown below.

[0143] [Table 1]

[0144] In all of the blend examples contained in the tables, the amounts (parts by weight) specified are based on 100 parts by weight total rubber (phr).

[0145] Test specimens were prepared from all the mixtures and these were used to check the material properties typical for the rubber industry using the test methods specified below: Mooney viscosity (MS1+4 at 100°C) in each case according to DIN EN ISO 289-1 after each mixing step and after ageing In each case, extrusion parameters (extrusion speed, die swell, extrusion rate, material pressure, material temperature) surface evaluation (Garvey die: surface A-E, A being the best grade; edge 1-10, 10 being the best grade) according to ASTM D 2230 Resilience at room temperature measured according to ASTM D-8059 Shore A hardness at room temperature (RT) measured according to DIN EN ISO 868 Tear strength, elongation at break and tensile strength, stiffness measured according to DIN 53 504, also parameters related to tire wear Stress values ​​at 100% and 300% elongation at room temperature (100% modulus, 300% modulus) according to DIN 53 504 Loss factor tangent at 0°C and 60°C according to DIN 53 545 Dynamic mechanical analysis: vulcanized material is clamped and subjected to dynamic load ○ Wet grip can be correlated with the loss tangent at 0°C (the higher the loss tangent at 0°C, the better the wet grip) ○ Rolling resistance can be correlated with the loss tangent at 60°C (the smaller the loss tangent at 60°C, the smaller the rolling resistance) Resilience according to DIN 53512.

[0146] Example 3 Comparison with Struktol EF44 The rubber composition according to the invention was tested in comparison with additives established in the tire industry. Here, a rubber composition (composition C) containing additive B (ester of rosin acid and ethoxylated glycerol) prepared in example 1b) was compared with a rubber composition (composition B) containing the commercial additive Struktol EF44 (mixture of fatty acid derivatives, mainly zinc soap, Schill+Seilacher "Struktol" (GmbH)) and with a rubber composition (composition A) without either of the two additives.

[0147] As can be seen from the table shown below, the rubber composition C according to the invention had advantages in the areas of tire handling (= higher stiffness) and tire grip compared to the comparative composition B, with comparable good processability of the rubber compositions and the same tire wear, but higher rolling resistance.

[0148] These results make the additive according to the invention particularly suitable for ultra-high performance (UHP) and summer tires, while the other properties remain at the same level, are not significantly impaired or are even partially improved.

[0149] [Table 2]

[0150] Example 4 Comparison with TDAE oil (standard product) In this example, the properties of a rubber composition containing additive B prepared in Example 1b) (composition D) are compared with the properties of an otherwise identical rubber composition containing only TDAE oil (composition E). The comparison shows the improved processing properties and higher stiffness of rubber composition D according to the invention, which gives it better tire grip properties (lower rebound, higher loss tangent at 0° C. and only slightly higher loss tangent at 60° C.).

[0151] [Table 3]

[0152] Example 5 Comparison with short-chain rosin ester In this example, the properties of a rubber composition containing additive B as prepared in Example 1b) (composition F) were compared with the properties of an otherwise identical rubber composition containing a short chain rosin ester (Pinerez 7024E (a rosin ester composed of rosin and triethylene glycol) (composition G).

[0153] Composition F according to the invention showed higher stiffness, better rolling resistance and better tire grip, accompanied by equally good processability.

[0154] [Table 4]

[0155] Example 6 Comparison with tire resin In this example, the properties of a rubber composition containing additive A as prepared in Example 1a) (composition H) were compared with the properties of an otherwise identical rubber composition containing a commercial tire resin (Novares C 10) (composition I).

[0156] Rubber composition H according to the invention showed improved processability, with higher stiffness and therefore better tire grip, and at the same time better rolling resistance.

[0157] [Table 5]

[0158] Example 7 Results for polyethylene glycol rosin ester In this example, the properties of rubber compositions containing additive C' (composition J) or additive D (composition K) as rubber additives according to the invention are compared with the properties of an otherwise identical rubber composition (composition L) containing low molecular weight (comparative) additive E. Additive C' according to the invention is a PEG 400 rosin ester, and additive D according to the invention is a PEG 600 rosin ester. For their preparation, reference can be made to the possible synthesis methods according to examples 1a) to 1c). The rosin used for the preparation had an acid value of 158 mg KOH / g. Comparative additive E is a diethylene glycol rosin ester prepared in the same way.

[0159] The additive according to the invention exhibited higher stiffness, improved rolling resistance, and improved processability.

[0160] [Table 6]

[0161] A graphical depiction of three different extrudates of compositions J, K and L is shown in Figure 1. As can be seen, the rubber composition according to the present invention has fewer edges.

Claims

1. A rubber composition containing rubber and at least one rubber additive, characterized in that the at least one rubber additive includes rosin and a rosin ester derived from rosin and at least one alcohol, the rosin used for preparing the rosin ester has an acid value of 130 to 190 mg KOH / g, and the alcohol(s) used has / have 7 or fewer hydroxyl groups and a molecular weight of at least 200 g / mol.

2. The rubber composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one alcohol used for preparing the rosin ester has a molecular weight of at least 380, preferably 380 to 2000 g / mol.

3. The rubber composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one alcohol used for preparing the rosin ester has at least 2 hydroxyl groups, particularly 2, 3 or 4 hydroxyl groups.

4. The at least one alcohol used to prepare the rosin ester is a C of a polyol ２ to C ４ The rubber composition according to claim 3, characterized in that it is selected from the group consisting of alkoxylates, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, and / or copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.

5. The rubber composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one alcohol used for preparing the rosin ester is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol (PEG) such as PEG having a molecular weight of 200 to 800 g / mol, polypropylene glycol (PPG) such as PPG having a molecular weight of 200 to 800 g / mol, and ethoxylated glycerol having particularly up to 10 ethylene oxide units (EO units), such as 5 to 10, for example 7.

6. The rubber composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the rosin used for preparing the rosin ester has an acid value of 140 to 180 mg KOH / g.

7. The rubber composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the rubber composition contains 0.1 to 40 phr of rosin ester, preferably 1 to 30 phr.

8. The rubber composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the rubber composition includes at least one of styrene-butadiene rubber, polyisoprene rubber, natural rubber and / or butadiene rubber, and, if necessary, their functionalized forms.

9. The rubber composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the rosin used for preparing the rosin ester is disproportionated rosin.

10. The rubber composition, when compared with the same composition containing the same amount of known rubber additives after vulcanization, has a loss tangent of rolling resistance at 60 °C that is at least 5%, preferably 10% lower, and / or a loss tangent of wet grip at 0 °C that is 5%, preferably 10% higher. The rubber composition according to claim 1, characterized by this.

11. The rubber composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it is suitable for the preparation of a tread compound of a tire.

12. The rubber composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains further additives and constituent materials suitable for the preparation of a tread compound of a tire, in particular one or more fillers, and optionally further additives.

13. Use of a rosin ester derived from rosin and at least one alcohol as a rubber additive for improving the Mooney viscosity of the rubber composition and / or for improving at least one of wear, grip and rolling resistance of a tire manufactured from the rubber composition, wherein the rosin used has an acid value of 130 to 190 mg KOH / g, and the alcohol(s) used has a molecular weight of at least 200 g / mol and seven or fewer hydroxyl groups.

14. The use according to claim 13, wherein at least one of the specified properties is improved by at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, compared to a rubber composition containing the same amount of known rubber additives instead.

15. The use according to claim 13, characterized in that the rosin ester is as defined in one of claims 1 to 6, and / or the rubber composition is as defined in one of claims 7 to 12.

16. a) one or more solid carrier substances, wherein silica is preferably used as the carrier substance, the solid carrier substance b) one or more of the rosin esters A blend containing is used. The use according to claim 13 or 14, characterized by this.

17. A method for manufacturing a tire, characterized in that one or more constituent components of the tire are manufactured from the rubber composition according to one of claims 1 to 12, and the rubber composition is cured.

18. A tire, at least one component of which is at least partially manufactured from the rubber composition according to one of claims 1 to 12, said tire preferably being an ultra-high performance (UHP) tire or a summer tire, said component particularly being a tread.

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