Child seat with airbag

Abstract

A child restraint device, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50) for mounting in a vehicle, or a component of such a device, comprising at least one airbag with at least one inflatable gas bag (71), the gas bag is transferable from an uninflated state to an inflated state, the gas bag (71) being at least substantially unfolded in the uninflated state; and / or and / or the outer surface of the gas bag (71) in its uninflated state is configured such that for a maximum of 25% of the outer surface, each outer surface intersects perpendicularly with a second point on the outer surface; and / or In the uninflated state of at least one said gas bag (71), at most 25% of the outer surface of said gas bag is in direct abutment against another part of the outer surface.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a child restraint device, in particular a child seat and / or an impact shield, for mounting in a vehicle seat, comprising at least one airbag with at least one inflatable gas bag. [Background technology]

[0002] DE 4 418 028 A1 describes a child seat with an impact shield that is equipped with an airbag, which is arranged above the impact shield in order to protect the head of a child seated in the child seat in the event of a collision.

[0003] DE 20 2017 105 118 U1 also describes a child seat with an impact shield. According to this state of the art, the airbag is arranged in various locations, for example in the upper section of the impact shield, in the lower section or in the center of the impact shield in order to separate the upper and lower sections from each other.

[0004] DE 10 2017 126 235 A1 describes a child seat with a crash shield having an airbag arranged either in the lower section or in the rear section (facing the child sitting in the child seat).

[0005] DE 19 722 095 C1 discloses a child seat with a support bracket on which an airbag is arranged, the gas bag of which deploys upon activation in as controlled a manner as possible.

[0006] DE 4 418 028 B4 describes different ways of arranging an airbag on a child seat, the gas generator being in each case arranged directly next to the gas bag.

[0007] US 5 375 908 A describes a child seat with an airbag, in which a gas generator is arranged in the seat part of the child seat.

[0008] DE 19 534 126 C1 describes a gas cartridge integrated into the seat part of a child seat, which supplies gas to the airbag via a pressurized line.

[0009] EP 1 452 386 B1 describes an airbag in a chest pad arranged in a hollow housing.

[0010] US 6 736 455 B1 describes an airbag which is initially arranged under a cushion-like section. Summary of the Invention

[0011] So far, various airbag solutions have not yet been established on the market. This is probably due to the fact that difficult-to-reconcile requirements such as the safe and reliable use of airbags (especially the avoidance or at least reduction of risks that may result from the airbag alone) have not yet been established. For child seats and child safety seats, satisfactory solutions can be obtained with an acceptable design effort, especially with regard to manufacturing costs.

[0012] It is therefore an object of the present invention to propose a child restraint device, in particular a child seat and / or an impact shield, and / or a component of such a device for mounting in a vehicle, in particular an automobile. Preferably, in the simplest possible way from a design point of view, a relatively high level of safety for a child restraint device should be ensured. In particular, risks that may result from the airbag alone should be reduced or avoided as far as possible.

[0013] This object is solved in particular by the features of claim 1.

[0014] In relation to the aspects of the invention described below, the term "child" is intended to include, in particular, a person aged 0-12 years, such as an infant (0-12 months) and / or a toddler (1-3 years).

[0015] A child seat is to be understood in particular (unless otherwise specified below) as a seat that can be attached to a vehicle seat (in particular a car seat, preferably a passenger car seat) and that can be removed again from this vehicle seat. A child seat does not necessarily have to be (but can be) configured for a child to sit on. A seat (such as an infant carrier) that also (or possibly exclusively) allows the child to be placed in a lying position is to be understood as a child seat. In particular, infant carriers, infant seats and / or booster seats are to be understood as examples of child seats. A child seat may be of a special type (for example an infant carrier in particular with a carry handle) or a seat that is designed for and / or convertible for use with different age groups (or can be converted accordingly).

[0016] The child car seat can be configured so that the child faces forward when in use, so that the child faces rearward, or so that the child faces sideways, and child car seats that allow for different viewing directions (especially rotatable child seats) are also contemplated.

[0017] The child safety seat preferably has a main body including at least one seat part, the main body comprising at least one (first) fastening device (such as a first part of an impact shield fastening device adapted to cooperate with a second part of the impact shield fastening device to attach the impact shield to the main body) for fastening a (possibly adjustable) backrest and / or (possibly adjustable) side wings and / or (possibly adjustable) armrests and / or (possibly adjustable) headrest and / or (possibly adjustable) side impact protection device and / or impact shield to the main body of the child safety seat.

[0018] For example, a child car seat may be equipped with one (or a particular) impact shield.

[0019] Furthermore, the child seat may be provided with a support foot and / or a top tether and / or at least one belt guide for guiding the vehicle belt and / or at least one second fixing device (e.g. a fixing device for an Isofix anchor or a LATCH system or a hook) for removably fixing the child seat to a vehicle seat of a (motor vehicle) and / or at least one third fixing device (e.g. a rod, anchor, hook, etc.) for (removably) fixing the vehicle seat and / or the child seat to a base.

[0020] The child seat or the base of the child seat may be configured to receive a child seat, and the base may comprise (e.g. in cooperation with the third fixing device) at least one fourth fixing device (e.g. at least one rod, at least one anchor and / or at least one hook) for (removably) attaching the child seat, and / or at least one belt guide for guiding the child seat to a (vehicle) belt, and / or at least one fifth fixing device (e.g. an Isofix anchorage or Latch system) for (removably) attaching or fixing the base to a (motor vehicle) vehicle seat.

[0021] The impact shield is to be understood in particular as a restraining device for holding a child instead of or in addition to a belt system. In particular, in contrast to a belt system, such an impact shield preferably has a (at least substantially) solid (dimensionally stable) part, the solid part being preferably configured to restrain at least the abdominal area (abdomen) of the child and / or to be supported (possibly fixed) on the left and right sides of the child seat body. The solid part can be formed (at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight) from at least substantially non-porous and / or non-foamed materials and / or polymers, preferably polyamides and / or polyolefins such as PP or PE. The solid part can form at least 20% by weight, preferably at least 50% by weight, of the impact shield and / or have a weight of at least 100 g or at least 250 g and / or at most 2.0 kg or at most 1.0 kg.

[0022] The impact shield may further comprise at least one soft part or at least one (impact) buffer and / or at least one sixth fastening device for fastening the impact shield to the body of the child car seat and / or to at least one belt guide (preferably at the front end, particularly preferably elongated, trough and / or horizontally extending and / or forming at least one tab and / or eyelet for threading the belt) of the child car seat. The sixth fastening device may be a second part of the impact shield connecting device configured to cooperate with the first fastening device (as the first part of the impact shield connecting device) to attach (possibly latch) the impact shield to the body. The soft part may consist (at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight) of a porous and / or foamed material and / or polymer, preferably EPS and / or EPP. The soft part may form at least 5% by weight, preferably at least 10% by weight, of the impact shield and / or have a weight of at least 50g, at least 100g and / or at most 800g or at most 500g.

[0023] An airbag is preferably to be understood as a system comprising at least one (inflatable) gas bag, a gas generator, a control device (controller) and a sensor.

[0024] The gas bag is preferably at least partially made from plastic, such as polyamide and / or polyolefin.

[0025] The sensor preferably comprises at least one impact sensor configured to measure (and provide) at least one impact parameter, e.g. (current) acceleration, and connected (e.g. by cable or wirelessly) to the controller.

[0026] The control device preferably comprises a power source (such as a battery). More preferably, control software or corresponding algorithms are stored in the control device in order to control the activation and / or triggering (inflation) of the airbag. In this context, the airbag should be considered as activated if it is in a state in which a transition to a functional state (inflated) is generally possible, and thus the actual transition to a functional state depends at least essentially only on at least one parameter of the sensor. Conversely, if the airbag is in a state in which a transition to a functional state is not possible, it should be considered as not activated (irrespective of which parameter is measured or provided by the sensor).

[0027] For example, the result of the control software (algorithm) is that if at least one predetermined condition is met (e.g., a predetermined speed is exceeded), the controller will activate the gas generator so that the (inflatable) gas bag is inflated (in other words, the air bag transitions to its functional state).

[0028] The functional state of the airbag refers in particular to the state in which the airbag is filled with gas (fully or at least partially, e.g. at least 50% based on the maximum possible volume) and is configured to absorb and / or cushion (to a certain extent) the forces that arise when, for example, a child hits the airbag. In contrast, the rest state refers to the state in which the airbag is (at least substantially) empty (or deflated), in particular so that the inner faces of the gasbag can be in contact with each other, and corresponding forces (due to an impact on a person) are not absorbed and / or cushioned or are to a (very) small extent not absorbed and / or cushioned.

[0029] At least one impact sensor is preferably positioned on or adjacent to the second, third, fourth or fifth fastening device, or on or at least in the vicinity (adjacent) of at least one belt guide for the vehicle belt, preferably positioned in such a way that the sensor is positioned as close as possible to the vehicle chassis (with the child restraint device installed).

[0030] Individual aspects of the invention are described below and are referred to as a first, second, third etc. aspect. Each of these aspects constitutes a sub-aspect which is described separately. Each aspect should be considered as an independent solution of the invention. However, particularly preferably, several (possibly all) aspects can be combined or present together in a single child restraint device. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, all (each essentially independent) aspects of the invention are realised.

[0031] A. Unfolded airbag According to a first independent aspect of the invention, in order to solve the above object, a child restraint system (in particular a child seat and / or an impact shield) is proposed for installation in an (automotive) vehicle (or a component of such a child seat) and comprises at least one airbag with at least one inflatable gas bag (and at least one gas generator). The gas bag is capable of being transferred from a non-inflated state to an inflated state, wherein the gas bag in the non-inflated state is at least substantially (preferably completely) unfolded (or remains unfolded). Alternatively or additionally, it applies that the outer surface of the gas bag in the non-inflated state of the gas bag is configured such that at most 50%, preferably at most 25%, even more preferably at most 10% of the outer surface of the gas bag intersects the outer surface perpendicularly at a second point of the outer surface. Alternatively or additionally, in the non-inflated state of at least one gas bag, at most 50%, preferably at most 25% of the outer surface of the gas bag, even more preferably at most 10% of the outer surface of the gas bag is (directly) adjacent to another part of the outer surface. (Direct) adjacent should in particular be understood as contact. However, where appropriate, surfaces or surface parts at a distance of up to 0.5 cm, preferably up to 1 mm, should also be considered adjacent to each other. In particular, adjacent surfaces should not be understood to mean that these surfaces are aligned with each other (or are arranged next to each other along their respective surfaces). Rather, the respective surfaces or surface parts under consideration should in particular face each other.

[0032] After all, the key idea of ​​the invention is to at least largely dispense with folds of the airbag in the non-inflated state (or in the gasbag-stowed state). This is a departure from known procedures, where the gasbag of the airbag is folded many times and becomes very pronounced. There, a relatively uncontrolled deployment is accepted, or an attempt is made to achieve the most controlled deployment possible with relatively complex folding geometries or folding techniques. Thus, compromises have to be made with regard to safety, or the design effort is significantly increased. However, according to the invention, it has been (quite surprisingly) recognized that in the case of child seats or crash shields (or child restraint devices in general), safety-related advantages can also be achieved (or even more so) if: a very large amount of volume is (intentionally) omitted in the inflated state, so that in a synergistic way it becomes possible to manage without (noticeable) folds in the non-inflated state. The concept according to the invention therefore also differs in particular from known airbag concepts, where primarily a high (as high as possible) gas volume in the inflated state should be achieved. Rather, according to the present invention, each part of the child restraint device (e.g., impact shield) should be displaced at least to a certain extent in the direction of the child to reduce the child's travel path (until it hits the corresponding part of the child seat) and allow the child to adapt to the accident situation as quickly as possible.

[0033] Preferably, it is applied (in the unexpanded state) over a maximum of 50% of the outer surface, preferably over a maximum of 25% of the outer surface, even more preferably over a maximum of 10% of the outer surface, such that each starting point of the outer surface under consideration is tangent to another point of the outer surface that is not directly tangent to said starting point.

[0034] If the entire outer surface of the gas bag (in its uninflated state) is considered as a continuum of points, it preferably applies that these (first in each consideration) points are tangent to other points of the outer surface which are not directly tangent to the (first) point (i.e. are firmly connected in an infinitely adjacent manner within the material complex), constituting at most 50% of the (total) outer surface, preferably at most 25%, even more preferably at most 10% of the outer surface.

[0035] If implemented, at most 50%, even better at most 25%, even better at most 10% of the outer surface of the gas bag in the uninflated state may be applied, provided that for each starting point of the outer surface under consideration there is a further outer point which can be reached by a shortest path along the surface of the gas bag of at least 1 cm and at the same time by a shortest straight line path (not necessarily along the surface) of no more than 0.5 cm.

[0036] B. Channel According to a second independent aspect of the present invention (which can however preferably be combined with the above-mentioned first independent aspect) a child seat, in particular a child seat and / or impact shield for solving the above-mentioned object is proposed to be mounted in an (automotive) vehicle (or a component of such a vehicle) and comprises at least one airbag with at least one inflatable gas bag (and at least one gas generator), said gas bag being transferable from a non-inflated state to an inflated state, and at least one guiding device (as a component of the child restraint system, preferably as a component of the impact shield) is associated with the at least one gas bag for guiding the gas flow during the transition from the non-inflated state to the inflated state, preferably the gas bag itself (e.g. its interior) comprises such a guiding device.

[0037] The key idea of ​​the second aspect is that when the gas bag is inflated, the outflowing gas cannot flow arbitrarily (in all directions or outwards), but is at least partially guided in a certain direction by the guiding device. Under the guiding device, in particular, it should be understood that there is a device that represents an obstacle to the flow of gas, around which the gas must flow so as to be influenced in its direction. In this sense, the mantle of the gas bag or the gas bag itself (or the inner surface of the outer wall of the gas bag) is not in particular a guiding device (since it does not guide the flow of gas, but only restricts it outwards). The guiding device is therefore preferably a structure that is formed in addition to the outer wall that defines the gas bag (but can also be securely connected to this outer wall, possibly even integrally connected). Preferably, the guiding device comprises at least one structure, such as a bulkhead, around which the flow can flow on two sides opposite each other. The guiding device is preferably not formed by folds.

[0038] Preferably, the guiding device comprises at least one local fastening of at least one portion of the inner wall (or inner surface) of the gas bag (against which the gas abuts in the inflated state), such (local) fastening being in particular not an edge fastening which is intended (only) to hold the gas bag as a whole (but which does not contribute to guiding the gas flow).

[0039] Preferably, the at least one gas bag has a contact wall portion which can be contacted from the outside (e.g. by a child in the event of an accident) and a support wall portion, by which the gas bag is supported on a support device of the child seat. Particularly preferably, the guiding device comprises a (local) proximity (preferably a fixing portion) of the contact wall portion and the support wall portion to each other.

[0040] (Local) proximity is to be understood in particular to mean that the contact wall portion and the supporting wall portion in a particular proximity portion (in the expanded state) are at a distance of at most 0.5 times each other, more preferably at 0.5 times, and at a distance of at most 0.25 times the distance from the portions adjacent to the respective proximity portion under consideration, and / or at a distance of preferably ≦10 cm, preferably ≦5 cm, more preferably ≦2 cm from each other.

[0041] Possibly, the contact wall portion and the support wall portion may be in contact with each other in an area of ​​(local) proximity or may be (solidly) connected to each other.

[0042] In an embodiment, the guiding device is configured for at least one sewing and / or riveting and / or bonding and / or welding (preferably of two wall parts or inner wall parts of the gas bag that are not aligned adjacent and / or opposite to one another, in particular of a contact wall part and a supporting wall part), which allows a simple realization of the guiding device. In principle, the connection options described here can be constructed in exactly the same way as connection devices for manufacturing the gas bag (although preferably they do not correspond to such connections).

[0043] Generally (even without a guiding device) the gas bag can be manufactured, for example, by sewing together the edges of two (or more) layers of fabric. However, such a seam should preferably not (necessarily) be understood as a guiding device in the sense of the second aspect. However, a guiding device in the sense of the second aspect may also be an additional stitch (or other connection) that is not (essentially) necessary to form the gas bag of the airbag.

[0044] At least in the inflated state (of the gas bag), at least one channel (or possibly several channels) is formed by the guiding device. Alternatively or additionally, one or several partitions can be formed by the guiding device, at least in the inflated state. Via the channels or partitions thus formed, an effective (directed) flow can be achieved in a simple manner. In particular, a channel is to be understood as a structure which extends at least partially in the preferred axial direction, is at least partially closed (with respect to the radial part) and / or has at least one channel inlet and at least one channel outlet. Particularly preferably, a plurality of channels (e.g. comprising at least two or at least four channels) and / or a plurality of partitions (e.g. comprising at least two and / or at least four) are formed. Some channels can be aligned (at least substantially) parallel to one another or can also be aligned in different directions (e.g. radially or away from one another and / or fan-like and / or star-like). Similarly, some partitions can be aligned parallel or in different directions (e.g. radially or away from one another and / or fan-like and / or star-like).

[0045] In an embodiment, the at least one gas bag may have a gas inlet connected or connectable to a gas generator arranged outside the gas bag, or a gas generator belonging to the airbag or at least one gas outlet of the gas generator may be arranged inside the gas bag. Preferably, the gas bag comprises a proximal region formed by the periphery of the gas inlet or gas outlet (of the gas generator) and at least one distal region remote from the gas inlet or gas outlet (of the gas generator), and the at least one guiding device guides the gas flow in the direction (and / or radially) from the proximal region to the distal region.

[0046] In general (even without a guiding device), the gas bag can have a contact surface and a support surface (possibly also a side / side surface or a connecting surface). The gas generator can be connected to the gas bag (directly or indirectly via a gas connection, e.g. a channel or a tube) by means of (one of) the support surface or side surfaces. The contact surface is in particular the surface facing the outside or with which the child comes into contact (or at least can come into contact). In particular, the support surface is to be understood as the surface that cannot come into contact with the child, i.e. facing the support device (on which the airbag or at least its gas bag is finally arranged). In particular, the gas bag comprises a proximal part (at or near the gas outlet of the generator and / or at or near the gas inlet of the gas bag) and a distal part (further away from the gas outlet or gas inlet). The guiding device can then be configured such that a gas flow in the proximal-distal direction (i.e. from the proximal part to the distal part) is allowed and / or a gas flow in a direction perpendicular to the proximal-distal direction is prevented. It is at least partially blocked (eg by fixing the wall, in particular locally) by the guide device.

[0047] The gas outlet of the gas generator and / or the gas inlet of the gas bag can be arranged at or near the edge (or edge border) of the support surface and / or at or near the side wall. In particular in this case, it is preferred that the guiding device is linearly formed and / or has one or more chains of (local) fixation, which run in the proximal to distal direction, for example as straight parallel lines or as curved (arcuate) parallel lines or as diverging lines.

[0048] Alternatively, the gas outlet of the gas generator and / or the gas inlet of the gas bag can be located at or near the center of the support surface. In this case, the guiding device can preferably comprise one or more (locally) fixed lines or chains extending in a proximal to distal direction, for example as a (set of) straight parallel lines, a (set of) curved (circular arc) parallel lines or branched lines.

[0049] Between such lines or chains and / or between at least one line (or chain) and an adjacent edge of the gas bag, at least one channel (preferably multiple channels) for directing the flow of gas may be formed.

[0050] Preferably, the gas bag supports itself on a support device (especially the one mentioned above), the guiding device comprises at least one structure (preferably one, especially a channel-like or groove-like recess) of the support device, which structure is preferably at least partially assigned to a corresponding structure of the gas bag, preferably at least one (preferably elongated) elevation (especially a web) of the support device is fixed or at least adjacent to and at least partially aligned (one above the other in plan view) with at least one of the two inner walls of the gas bag of the support device. However, such (possibly provided) elevation (web) of the support device does not necessarily have to be (partially) aligned with the fixation or proximity of at least one of the two inner walls. At least one web of the support device (especially if it is aligned with the fixation or proximity of at least one of the two inner walls) can advantageously contribute to the fact that a (especially guided) gas flow also occurs or can occur when a part of the child's body (especially the chest and / or abdomen) presses against a respective part of the gas bag (especially if it is the part facing the child, i.e. the rear part of the impact shield).

[0051] Particularly preferably, the guiding device is arranged at least (or only) on the rear side of the impact shield, in particular at the rear, so as to extend or be oriented (in the use state of the impact shield) from bottom to top. In particular, the channels and / or bulkheads according to the implementation extend in such a direction (and / or are arranged, if necessary, only in this area). This achieves in a particularly effective way that the gas (even in the case of contact with the child's chest or abdomen during an impact) can also flow effectively to other areas of the gas bag (and that the gas flow is not blocked, or at least not blocked too quickly, by the child's body), which increases safety.

[0052] In an even more general sense, a second (independent) aspect of the invention relates to a child restraint system (e.g. a child car seat and / or an impact shield) equipped with an airbag, the structure being provided for improving the gas flow in the gas bag of the airbag (during inflation). In particular, the gas bag may be equipped with at least one device for improving the gas flow in the gas bag of the airbag (during inflation), for example by means of a corresponding guide (or control).

[0053] The gas bag may be at least partially at least substantially flat (in particular as defined below). In such a case, the guiding device is preferably designed in such a way that the gas flow guidance takes place in the (respective) flat portion. The guiding device is particularly preferably arranged in this region.

[0054] The combination of a flat design of the gas bag with such a guiding device makes it possible to ensure a safe and rapid inflation of the gas bag in a relatively simple manner, and such a flat design can still allow a (sufficient) gas flow, especially if the flat part is already subject to external pressure (e.g. if a child presses against the flat part during an impact).

[0055] The guiding device can provide (or at least facilitate) the formation of at least one flat portion, for example by the above-described approximation or fixation of the wall portions, in this way an effective guiding of the gas bag and the (possibly desired) flat formation can be achieved simultaneously in a simple manner.

[0056] By means of the guiding device according to the invention, a safe inflation of the airbag is achieved in an effective and simple manner, in particular also reducing (or completely avoiding) the risk that some areas of the gas bag are not (or only incompletely) inflated and are cut off by the child's body accelerating forwards (in the event of an impact). Overall, this increases safety with simple measures, in particular in the case of a relatively flat airbag (inflated state).

[0057] C. Gas generator to be deployed According to a third independent aspect of the invention the above mentioned object is preferably solved by a child restraint device, in particular a child seat and / or an impact shield, preferably a child seat with an impact shield for mounting in a vehicle, or a component of such a device, preferably according to the first and / or second aspect by at least one airbag with at least one inflatable gas bag (and at least one gas generator), said gas bag being transferable from a non-inflated state to an inflated state, the gas generator being arranged inside the gas bag and / or on the underside and / or front side of the gas bag and / or on the underside and / or front side of the gas bag, and at least one gas inlet opening to the gas bag being arranged in a lower and / or front region of the gas bag.

[0058] With regard to the position relative to the gas bag, the front part (or front region) refers to the part facing away from (or away from) the child, the rear part (or rear region) refers to the part facing the child (or the part against which the child's abdomen / chest abuts), the bottom part (or lower region) refers to the part facing the child's legs (or the part against which the child's legs abut) and the top part (or upper region) refers to the part facing upwards (or in contact with the child's head when leaning forward, being pushed forward or accelerating). Instead of the front part (or front region), one may also say the outside (or external region). Instead of the rear part (or rear region), one may also say the inside (or internal region). Preferably, the respective regions end halfway in the direction from bottom to top (or vice versa) or from back to front (or vice versa) (preferably 30% of this distance, more preferably 20%).

[0059] According to a third aspect of the invention, the gas generator is preferably arranged inside the gas bag (i.e. in particular wrapped in the gas bag). Alternatively, the gas generator is arranged at the bottom and / or at the front of the gas bag (but not inside the gas bag). Alternatively or additionally, at least one gas outlet opening into the gas bag can be arranged in the bottom and / or front area of ​​the gas bag. Such an arrangement of the gas generator or the gas outlet allows a safe activation of the airbag in a simple manner. In the prior art, the gas generator is arranged in a critical area (e.g. above the impact shield where a child's head may lie) or becomes cumbersome when feeding is required and may be subject to damage and time delays.

[0060] According to the implementation, the gas generator is not (in particular even partially) arranged in the upper and / or (in particular even partially) rear part of the gas bag. Alternatively or additionally, the gas inlet opening to the gas bag is not (in particular even partially) arranged in the upper region of the gas bag and / or not (in particular even partially) arranged in the lower region of the gas bag. This can further increase safety.

[0061] According to a further aspect (possibly also exclusively associated with the features of the first and / or second and / or fourth and / or fifth and / or sixth and / or seventh aspects, but not necessarily with the features of the third aspect), for example the gas generator (in use of the impact shield) is arranged to extend horizontally and / or transversely to the direction of travel. It should be understood that under each extension the gas generator has a first preferred direction due to its geometric shape (for example the longitudinal direction in the case of a cigar-shaped design). In general, the extension can be understood as the direction of the "length" of the gas generator, which length can be understood as the distance between the pairs of points with the maximum possible distance between all pairs of points of the gas generator. In general, a vertical arrangement of the gas generator is also possible as an alternative (for example if the dimensions of the impact shield allow this).

[0062] The selected arrangement can in particular achieve a synergistic interaction with the airbag arranged (hit) around the impact shield. Firstly, the airbag can be inflated in the thigh and pelvis area (so that the child can be clamped, in particular to prevent the child from crawling under or slipping through). Then, the airbag can be inflated on the upper side of the impact shield (so that the child's head can be safely received). The guiding device (in particular at least one channel) according to the second aspect can also act advantageously in this situation (so that as fast as possible inflation is achieved) in order to guide the gas flow in the correct (or desired) direction and / or to reduce turbulence (so that inflation takes place). The guiding device can preferably have at least one channel running from bottom to top, in particular in the rear area of ​​the impact shield. Finally, the solution can also be further improved by the following fourth aspect.

[0063] D. Overpressure protection According to a fourth independent aspect of the present invention, the above mentioned object is solved by a child restraint device (preferably a child seat and / or an impact shield) in particular for mounting in a vehicle (or a component of such a vehicle), preferably according to the first and / or second and / or third aspect, comprising at least one airbag with at least one inflatable gas bag (and at least one gas generator), the airbag being transferable from a non-inflated state to an inflated state, at least one pressure limiting device being associated with the gas bag (in particular as a component of the gas bag), such that a pressure relief occurs by gas flowing out of the gas bag when a predefined pressure is reached or exceeded, at least locally.

[0064] In connection with the fourth aspect, it was recognized that the (possibly uncontrolled) inflation of the gas bag may also be dangerous for a child (especially if the child already occupies part of the space where the fully inflated gas bag should be placed). The air bag can be avoided up to a certain extent, but beyond that, pressures, forces and accelerations that are dangerous for the child may act. One scenario considered by the inventors is the impact of the head on the air bag when it is not yet fully inflated (e.g. in the case of a frontal or rear impact with a forward-facing seat). The head may not only decelerate, but also accelerate in a backward direction. This would lead to an overall particularly significant acceleration. The term acceleration here also includes deceleration in the physical sense, i.e. negative acceleration. This can be at least partially prevented by a relatively early detection of the impact and / or a rapid ignition or rapid filling of the gas bag. Detection of an "out of position" may also be useful, for example if the child was already resting with his head on the impact shield before the accident. However, another critical scenario can occur if the airbag is also aimed at the pelvic area and the gas bag inflates so that the child's abdomen is already very tightly pressed against the impact shield (possibly due to an accident) and is further accelerated in this direction (due to inertia). If the airbag inflates with high pressure in this area, it can damage the child's sensitive abdomen. Especially for this second case, the prior art solutions are insufficient.

[0065] Thus, according to the invention, according to a fourth aspect, an overpressure protection (or pressure limiting device) is proposed. It is preferably arranged between the gas generator and the sensitive areas of the child (abdomen and / or head) and allows gas to escape from the gas bag to the surroundings when a predefined pressure is exceeded. Preferably, the pressure limiting device is such that the pressure release in case of triggering occurs at least (or exclusively) in the lower and / or rear area of ​​the gas bag and / or at the (lateral) ends of the gas bag (for example at the left and / or right ends of the gas bag). Particularly preferably, the pressure limiting device is configured to be arranged in an area where no guiding device is formed or at least no channel (of the guiding device) is formed.

[0066] In an embodiment, the pressure limiting device may be arranged (in the used state of the child restraint system) adjacent to the gas outlet opening to the gas bag and / or at the same (vertical) height as the gas outlet.

[0067] The pressure limiting device (pressure relief) may comprise at least one predefined break point and / or a predefined tear point, preferably a tear seam, and / or at least one valve.

[0068] The predetermined pressure may be at least 1 bar, preferably at least 3 bar, and / or at most 50 bar, preferably at most 25 bar.

[0069] E. Soft Goods According to a fifth independent aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above mentioned object, it is proposed to mount in a child restraint device, preferably an impact shield or child seat comprising such, in a (motor) vehicle (or a component of such a device), preferably comprising according to the first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth aspects at least one airbag with at least one inflatable gas bag (and at least one gas generator) and at least one first airbag, in particular internally, firmly connected to the body of the impact shield and / or comprising a mantle encasing the gas bag so as to make the gas bag inaccessible.

[0070] According to a fifth aspect of the invention, the impact shield (as a whole) or a major part thereof, in any case including in particular the gas bag and the gas generator, can be wrapped in a (preferably washable) inner mantle, attached to the impact shield in such a way that it is not possible for the user to (non-destructively) open or remove the inner mantle.

[0071] Around the inner mantle is disposed, depending on the implementation, an outer mantle which is preferably elastic and / or removable from the body of the impact shield by activating the airbag and / or releasably connected to the body of the impact shield (directly or indirectly via the inner mantle).

[0072] The inner mantle is preferably (at least partially) elastic. The inner mantle may alternatively or additionally have at least one pre-defined break point and / or at least one pre-defined tear point, such that the inner mantle breaks or tears when the airbag is activated.

[0073] According to implementations, the inner mantle can cover (at least partially, possibly completely) at least one of the upper, rear and lower sides of the impact shield body, preferably enclosing it like a bag, the rear being to be understood as the side facing the child.

[0074] When the airbag is not deployed, the internal volume of the inner mantle may be smaller (preferably up to 0.5 times) than the internal volume of the gasbag with the airbag deployed.

[0075] The inner mantle may be made of a flexible material, in particular a textile (such as a fabric). If necessary, the inner mantle may be (relatively) closely adjacent to the impact shield (e.g. spaced apart from the impact shield or the body of the impact shield by up to 3 cm or up to 1 cm in any spatial direction). The inner mantle may have, for example, a tear seam or other structurally weak zone as a predefined tear point, which tears open above a predefined load and allows the inflation of the gas bag. The predefined tear point may in particular be located on the upper side or on the upper edge of the impact shield.

[0076] According to the implementation, the inner mantle is surrounded by a (further) outer mantle, which may be removable and / or washable, which may correspond to the (usual) cover of the impact shield (and may be made, for example, of a fabric possibly including a foam component).

[0077] The outer cloak (or cover) may, for example, be fixed in such a way that some (possibly thickened) edges are held in grooves or gaps in the impact shield and the inner cloak can be opened (in particular torn at predetermined tear points) and pulled out of those grooves or gaps (so that inflation of the gas bag is also not hindered).

[0078] In particular, the impact shield may have a (particularly hard) plastic front (first) part on which are the attachment points of the impact shield for attachment to the body of the child car seat. The first or front part may preferably have belt guides for belts for attaching the impact shield to the body of the child car seat. This part is preferably surrounded at least at the rear and bottom, and possibly also at the top, by a second part of foamed polymer.

[0079] The second portion may be completely surrounded by the inner mantle, or at least in the area not covered by the first portion. The groove or gap may be provided in the first portion, or may be formed between the first and second portions by joining them.

[0080] The outer cloak can be placed around the second part like a bag, making the first part appear larger (at the opening of the bag).

[0081] In principle, it is conceivable that the mantle membrane not only does not open (blows off), but also has a weak point such as a predefined tear point (tear seam) or is sufficiently elastic. A cover or flap (e.g. closed with Velcro®) is also possible. In general, the predefined tear point can be a part that can be reassembled (without repair means such as stitching) or a structure that cannot be reassembled (without repair by external means).

[0082] Particularly preferred is an outer mantle that is elastically formed and preferably does not tear when the airbag is deployed.

[0083] F. Upper, lower and rear gas bags According to a sixth independent aspect of the present invention, a child restraint device for mounting in a vehicle, in particular a child seat and / or an impact shield, or a component of such a device, is proposed to solve the above mentioned object (preferably according to the first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth and / or fifth aspect), comprising at least one airbag with at least one inflatable gas bag (and at least one gas generator), which gas bag at least partially, preferably completely, in particular at least in an inflated state (optionally also in a non-inflated state) covers the upper, lower and rear (when used facing the child) faces of the impact shield.

[0084] The gas bag is preferably arranged in a U-shape around the impact shield.

[0085] According to practice, the gas bag must not cover the impact shield at least partially, preferably completely, in particular at least in the inflated and / or non-inflated state (when used facing away from the child).

[0086] G. Coupling means According to a seventh independent aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above mentioned object, a child restraint device for mounting in a vehicle, in particular a child seat and / or an impact shield, or a component of such a device (preferably of the first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth and / or fifth and / or sixth aspect) comprises at least one airbag having at least one inflatable gas bag, the gas bag having at least one connecting means (hereinafter also referred to as "release connecting means"), in particular a second connecting means for connecting the gas bag to the child restraint device, which is transferable from a non-inflated state to an inflated state, and at least one, in particular the second connecting means, is designed to release the connection when a predefined force exceeds a threshold value.

[0087] This allows the gas bag to be inflated at least partially further or faster in the thickness direction when a force threshold is exceeded, which is particularly useful when a child's head is to be protected. At the same time, the gas bag can preferably be laid out relatively widely before triggering, so that less installation space is required and the air bag can be held firmly in its intended position before activation.

[0088] Preferably, the release coupling means is remote from the gas inlet, in particular further away than the at least one further (first) coupling means.

[0089] Particularly preferably, the at least one second coupling means is located at or near an upper front end of the support device (or the impact shield).

[0090] The at least one first connecting means (the at least one first connecting means) is preferably designed differently from the release connecting means, in particular such that it does not tear (or has not already torn) even above a predefined force threshold. According to implementation, the at least one first connecting means can be formed by a gas generator.

[0091] Preferably, a structural weak point is provided to allow the release, which may be a taper and / or a hole, although depending on the implementation other or additional possibilities are conceivable, such as for example a friction connection and / or a press stud and / or other removable fasteners.

[0092] Generally, the (release) coupling means may be destroyed (when a force threshold is exceeded) so that the child seat may no longer be usable after the airbag has been deployed, or the (release) actuation means may remain intact (when a force threshold is exceeded).

[0093] This force is preferably a tensile force acting through the gas bag on the coupling means, in particular when the gas bag is inflated. The direction of the force may preferably be along the impact shield or perpendicularly away from the impact shield, or a combination thereof.

[0094] In a particular embodiment, the airbag remains coupled to the impact shield (once a force threshold has been exceeded) by at least one (particularly a first) coupling means, preferably located near the gas inlet.

[0095] Alternatively or additionally, the gas bag itself can be manufactured so that it inflates thinner in the direction of the thighs and / or abdomen of the child seated in the child seat (i.e. away from the impact shield) than in the direction of the expected head impact. Finally, as the gas bag inflates, reaction forces from the thighs and abdomen act on the gas bag. In summary, the gas bag remains relatively thin in the thigh and abdomen areas when inflated. Meanwhile, it thickens at the head area so that it can retract from the side of the impact shield opposite the child. This allows for earlier head capture in the event of an accident, reducing the risk of injury to the child.

[0096] H. General By means of the various aspects of the invention (individually but especially in combination) it is achieved that the airbag or its gas bag is fully inflated (even in the case of more complex shapes, for example an airbag arranged in a U-shape around an impact shield) before contact with the child occurs, in particular this makes it easy to avoid unintentional rupture of the airbag or at least rupture in a defined way (according to the fourth aspect of the invention).

[0097] In particular, it can be realised that the airbag is only deployed in an accident situation.

[0098] Further embodiments are described below, each of which may be combined with the first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth and / or fifth and / or sixth and / or seventh aspect of the invention to further facilitate the objects of the invention.

[0099] I. Gas bag ratio / degree According to implementation, the projection of at least one gas bag onto the associated attachment area of ​​the gas bag in the uninflated state is at least 0.5 times, preferably at least 0.8 times, more preferably at least 0.9 times, and / or at most 1.5 times, preferably at most 1.2 times, of the projection in the inflated state.

[0100] In the inflated state, the at least one gas bag may have a thickness of at most 20 cm, preferably at most 10 cm, and / or at least 1 cm, preferably 2 cm. The thickness is to be understood as the (maximum) extent of the gas bag in a direction perpendicular to the corresponding bonding area of ​​the gas bag.

[0101] Alternatively or additionally, the gas bag can be formed at least substantially flat, in particular having a thickness which is smaller than the extent in at least one direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.

[0102] Alternatively or additionally, the furthest point from the remainder of the child restraint device or component thereof may be at a distance of up to 20cm (in inflated state), preferably up to 10cm.

[0103] The at least one gas bag may have an internal volume (in deflated state) of at most 20 litres, preferably at most 12 litres and / or of at least 1 litre, preferably at least 3 litres.

[0104] The gas bag has an outer surface and an inner surface, and in the uninflated state of the gas bag, each part of the inner surface is in (at least nearly) direct contact (or at least in close proximity) with another part of the inner surface.

[0105] Preferably, the internal volume of the gas bag in the uninflated state is (significantly) smaller than in the inflated state or is at most 10%, preferably at most 5%, of the volume in the inflated state.

[0106] II. Gas bag fixing / positioning: Preferably, the gas bag comprises at least one connection device for connecting the gas bag to the (above) supporting device.

[0107] According to the implementation, at least one (said at least one) gas bag can be attached to the underside of the seat area and / or at least one gas bag can be attached to the underside of the base of the child seat to which the body is attached.

[0108] The (said at least one) gas bag may be releasably fixable or may be non-removably fixed.

[0109] Furthermore, at least one gas bag (said at least one gas bag) can be attached in a front area (with respect to the direction of travel) of the child seat, in particular in a front area (with respect to the direction of travel) of the underside of the seat area or of the underside of the base.

[0110] In one embodiment of the present invention (including in particular at least the first aspect), the child seat is designed as a child seat comprising a body with a seat part which can be placed (via its underside) on a seat part of a vehicle seat. Preferably, the child seat does not have support legs. Further preferably, the child seat comprises an impact shield. In this embodiment, the child seat can further comprise a backrest with or without side wings, a headrest and / or a top tether. The seat part is preferably provided with an airbag on its underside (preferably in its front area with respect to the direction of travel), the gas bag of the airbag being (at least substantially) unfolded in the uninflated state. Particularly preferably, the gas bag rests flat against the underside of the seat part and is expanded during inflation at least in terms of thickness in order to prevent as far as possible the seat part from being pressed against the upholstery of the motor vehicle (e.g. in the case of a rear-end collision). The gas bag can have a volume of less than 12 litres, preferably less than 8 litres.

[0111] In a further embodiment (preferably comprising at least the features of the first aspect), a base for a child seat is proposed as a component of the child seat, the base (in use) being intended to be placed with its underside on a seat part of a motor vehicle. Preferably, the base has no support legs. The base may be provided with an airbag on its underside (preferably at the front in the direction of travel), the gas bag of the airbag being preferably at least substantially unfolded in the uninflated state. In a preferred embodiment, in order to prevent the base from penetrating into the upholstery of the motor vehicle seat in the event of an impact, the gas bag rests (at least substantially) flat against the underside of the base and inflates (at least or at least substantially only) in the thickness direction when actuated. The gas bag here may have a volume of less than 12 liters, preferably less than 8 liters.

[0112] In a further embodiment (preferably including at least the features of the first aspect), the child safety seat may have a body having at least one seat part configured with a lower surface to abut against a vehicle seat part or base. The child safety seat may comprise an impact shield. Preferably, the child safety seat or its body further comprises a backrest. The child safety seat may comprise further elements such as side wings, a headrest, a support leg, a base and / or further elements. The impact shield may comprise a right impact shield part and a left impact shield part adapted to be attached to the right side of the seat part and the left side of the seat part when the child safety seat is in a use configuration. The impact shield may further comprise a central (middle) impact shield part connecting the right impact shield part and the left impact shield part, such that a first gap is formed between the central impact shield part and the centre of the seat part when the child safety seat is in a use configuration. If the body comprises a backrest, it is preferred that a second gap is formed between the central impact shield part and the centre of the backrest (in the use configuration of the child safety seat). The first gap (and the second gap, if present) is dimensioned such that a child can be accommodated in the child seat, with the child's thighs extending at least partially through the first gap and the child's abdomen and / or the child's chest preferably extending at least partially through the second gap. While the child extends at least partially through the gap, the child's body may completely fill the gap (in case of rapid acceleration), which may result in a forward movement or submarining (child submarining). The impact shield therefore preferably extends laterally of the child seat. The gas bag is preferably attached to a support device, which may for example be a child seat or a component thereof, for example a seat part of the child seat, or an impact shield of the child seat or a backrest of the child seat or a component of any of these elements or components. Other parts of the child seat may also be considered.The gas bag may have a contact surface configured to be in (direct) contact with a person (in particular a child accommodated in a child seat) and / or a structure that is an element different from the element with which the airbag is associated (e.g. the structure of the vehicle in which the child seat is accommodated or other elements of the child seat). This allows forces to be applied to the gas bag during rapid acceleration. The gas bag may further have a support surface configured to be supported by a support device when the gas bag is inflated and a force is applied to the contact surface. The contact surface and the support surface are part of the outer surface of the gas bag. The gas bag may also have sides that allow and / or define a distance between the contact surface and the support surface.

[0113] The airbag (inflated state of the airbag) may have at least a portion that is at least substantially flat, which is preferably understood to mean that in such a portion the extent of the gas bag in at least a first direction is substantially smaller than the extent in at least a direction perpendicular to the first direction (e.g. at most 50% thereof, or at most 30% thereof).

[0114] The contact surface and / or the support surface of the airbag may have an aspect ratio of more than 1, in particular more than 1.5 (e.g. 2 or more). The aspect ratio is the ratio of a first side (length) of each surface to a second side (width) of each surface. The guiding device (if provided) may be particularly advantageous if the gas outlet of the gas generator and / or the gas inlet of the gas bag are arranged on (or close to) the shorter of the two sides of the support surface.

[0115] The gas bag may have a first coupling device that allows the gas bag to be coupled to a support device. The first coupling device may be a (separate) element attached to the gas bag or may be integrally formed with the gas bag. In an embodiment, the first coupling device may for example comprise an adhesive or a bond.

[0116] In a preferred embodiment, the first coupling device is configured to cooperate with a second coupling device, which is formed by a (separate) device and / or is provided by a support device (support element). The first and second coupling devices may comprise, for example, snap mechanisms (e.g. press studs), welting mechanisms, crimping mechanisms, riveting and / or bolts and / or screws. In particular, the gas bag may comprise holes configured to prevent coupling with a coupling device such as a screw. The first coupling device, in particular the holes, may be arranged in the "bulk area" or at the edge border of the support surface.

[0117] At least one wall of the gas bag can have openings, in particular holes (especially if at least one guiding device and / or at least one connecting device are provided), in which case the respective opening can be surrounded by a seam.

[0118] To reduce leakage, the openings and / or seams can be reinforced (particularly impregnated) with a material. Such sealing material can be, for example, a tape, a coating, or the like.

[0119] When the airbag is activated during rapid acceleration, a force may act on the uninflated or only partially inflated gas bag, which prevents further inflation. In this case, it may be particularly advantageous if the support device has a structure with at least one groove (in particular several grooves) corresponding to at least one channel (several channels) of the gas bag, and if necessary with at least one web formed by the guiding device. In this way, a sufficient gas flow rate can be maintained even if the pressure on the gas bag prevents further inflation.

[0120] III. Impact Shield The impact shield can be (conceptually) subdivided as follows. In particular, the following applies: the front (or frontal region) represents the part facing away (or away from) the child; the back (or rear region) represents the part facing the child (or against the child's abdomen / chest); the bottom (or lower region) represents the part facing the child's legs (or against the child's legs); and the top (or upper region) represents the part facing upwards (or in contact with the child's head when leaning forward, being pushed forward, accelerating). Instead of the front (or frontal region), it can also be in terms of the outside (or external region). Instead of the back (or rear region), it can also be in terms of the inside (or internal region). The respective region preferably ends halfway (preferably 30% of this distance, more preferably 20%) in the direction from bottom to top (or vice versa) or from back to front (or vice versa) compared to the inflated and / or uninflated state, this condition having to apply in at least one use state of the impact shield (e.g. tilt adjustment), possibly in all use states of the impact shield. In this case, for example, if an element is arranged in the lower region, this preferably means that this element is arranged in such a way that it does not exceed (above) the 30% limit (used as an example) in at least one or all use states of the impact shield (e.g. tilt adjustment).

[0121] The impact shield and / or its central impact shield portion may have a bottom surface (lower surface) adapted to be directed towards the child's thighs (and seat portion) and an inner surface (rear surface) adapted to be directed towards the child's abdomen and / or chest (towards the backrest of a child seat if one is present, or towards the backrest of the vehicle seat if not).

[0122] The impact shield may further preferably comprise a top surface opposite the bottom surface. The impact shield may further have an outer surface (front surface) opposite the inner surface (rear surface). Alternatively, the impact shield may include an additional surface that faces away from the child (in normal use), such as a bottom surface or a surface that joins (directly) the bottom surface and the inner surface.

[0123] The impact shield may have an airbag gas bag (particularly on at least a portion of the lower surface and / or on at least a portion of the inner surface so that the gas bag resists submarining upon inflation) to impede forward movement of the child during inflation, and / or on at least a portion of the upper surface and / or wrapped around the impact shield to cover at least two adjacent portions or all three of the above-mentioned portions. The gas bag is preferably substantially unfolded in the uninflated state.

[0124] In a preferred further development, the gas bag (if the gas bag is arranged on the lower or bottom surface and / or on the inner surface) preferably rests substantially flat against the impact shield (in particular in the central part of the impact shield) and increases in view of its thickness (in the inflated state) in order to better hold the child.

[0125] Alternatively or additionally, the gas bag is configured to cushion the impact of the child's head, especially in a cushion-like manner (if the gas bag is arranged on the upper surface). The gas bag may be placed on a section of the impact shield that is configured to act as a cushioning means (e.g. an EPP or EPS part) and that further has at least a substantially solid or dimensionally stable part (e.g. as a molded part). The gas bag may have a volume of less than 15 liters, preferably less than 10 liters.

[0126] Preferably, the impact shield comprises an airbag gas generator.

[0127] The gas generator may be located at or near the bottom or underside of the central portion and / or away from the inner surface of the central portion (located in the central portion or on the left or right portion of the impact shield).

[0128] Preferably, the impact shield or at least its components, in particular at least the surface on which the airbag is disposed, is covered with "soft goods", e.g. a fabric covering or another suitable soft material, adopting a cushion-like shape to provide impact shielding and improved comfort.

[0129] Preferably, the impact shield is mainly made of expanded polymer (EPS, EPP); if necessary, the impact shield (such as in the area of ​​the belt guide) can be made of sections of harder material (plastic such as PP). The gas generator can be arranged in a cavity of the impact shield, preferably in an area made of expanded polymer. The cavity can be dimensioned such that the gas generator is (also) held by a clamp. Alternatively or additionally, a friction-locking holder can be provided.

[0130] Preferably, at least one gas bag is attached to the impact shield. Alternatively or additionally, the impact shield can be at least partially made from a soft, in particular foamed, material such as EPS and / or EPP. Alternatively or additionally, the impact shield can be at least partially made from a harder material, in particular a non-foamed material, in particular a plastic, for example PP.

[0131] The gas generator may be disposed in a receptacle of the impact shield, in particular formed at least partially from a soft and / or foam material, and / or may be fixed thereto, in particular in a press-fit manner, clamp-mounted and / or in a form-fitting and / or material-compatible manner, or may be loosely coupled to the body of the impact shield.

[0132] The impact shield may have a left impact shield portion, a right impact shield portion and a central (middle) impact shield portion located between the left and right impact shield portions, and the at least one gas bag is preferably, in particular exclusively, attached to the central impact shield portion.

[0133] The at least one gas bag (the at least one gas bag) may at least partially, preferably completely, in particular at least in the inflated state, possibly also in the non-inflated state: cover the upper and / or lower and / or side of the impact shield which faces the child in use, and / or not cover at least partially, preferably completely, in particular at least in the inflated and / or non-inflated state, the side of the impact shield which faces away from the child in use.

[0134] IV.Other In an embodiment the child seat does not have support legs (although such legs may be provided).

[0135] The gas generator is preferably a low temperature gas generator.

[0136] Further embodiments are evident from the dependent claims. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0137] Further features and advantages of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings, in which: [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an airbag according to the prior art; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an impact shield according to the present invention; [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2 of a further embodiment of an impact shield according to the invention; [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 2 of a further embodiment of an impact shield according to the invention; [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 2 of a further embodiment of an impact shield according to the invention; [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 2 of a further embodiment of an impact shield according to the invention; [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 2 of a further embodiment of an impact shield according to the invention; [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a child seat according to the present invention; [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a top view of the child seat according to FIG. 8; [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of a child seat according to the invention; [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a bottom view of the child seat according to FIG. 10; [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional and side view of a child seat according to the invention; [Figure 13] FIG. 13 shows the child seat according to FIG. 12 with the airbag inflated; [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a gas bag according to the invention with a gas generator; [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a further gas bag according to the invention with a gas generator; [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a further gas bag according to the invention with a gas generator; [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a gas bag according to the invention with a gas generator; [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a second gas bag according to the invention with a gas generator; [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a further gas bag according to the invention with a gas generator; [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a further embodiment according to the invention of a gas bag with a gas generator; [Figure 21] FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a further embodiment according to the invention of a gas bag with a gas generator; [Figure 22] FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of the gas bag 71 according to FIG. 21; [Diagram 23] FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a gas bag similar to FIG. 22 according to a further embodiment; [Figure 24]FIG. 24 is a perspective view of an impact shield according to the present invention; [Diagram 25] FIG. 25 is a partially exploded view of the impact shield according to FIG. 23; [Figure 26] FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of a further embodiment according to the invention of a gas bag with a gas generator; [Figure 27] FIG. 27 shows a detail of the embodiment according to FIG. 26; and [Figure 28] FIG. 28 shows a variant of the detail from FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0138] In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for the same or identically acting parts.

[0139] I. Illustration Description 1 is taken from US Patent No. 5,184,844A (where reference numbers have been omitted) and shows an airbag in which a large portion of the outer surface of the gasbag is in contact with other portions of the outer surface of the gasbag, or at least in close proximity to other portions of the outer surface of the bag (due to the schematic nature of this figure, whether the portions actually contact each other is ultimately open to resolution in the drawing, but in practice this is likely to be the case). The airbag shown therein has noticeable folds.

[0140] FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of an impact shield 50 with an uninflated airbag gas bag 71. The gas bag is disposed around the bottom surface 51B and the inner (rear) surface 51I of the central impact shield portion 51. The gas bag has a gas inlet that allows the airbag to be filled with gas. The gas bag in this embodiment may have a volume of 2-7 liters, preferably 3-5 liters.

[0141] FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of an impact shield 50, with a central portion 51 of the impact shield having a top surface 51T, an inner (or rear) surface 51I, a bottom (or lower) surface 51B, and an outer (or front) surface 51O.

[0142] 4 shows the impact shield 50 with an airbag gas bag 71 in an uninflated state. The impact shield comprises a gas generator 72 configured to fill the gas bag 71 with gas upon impact. The gas bag in this embodiment may have a volume of 3 to 15 liters, preferably 5 to 9 liters.

[0143] 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the impact shield 50 with the airbag gas bag 71 in an uninflated state. The gas bag is disposed about the bottom or lower surface 51B, the inner (rear) surface 51I and the top surface 51T of the central (middle) impact shield portion 51. The gas bag has a gas inlet port to allow the airbag to be filled with gas.

[0144] FIG. 6 shows a cross section of an impact shield 50 with an airbag gas bag 71 in an uninflated state, the impact shield having at least a substantially solid portion 54 and a (eg foam) cushioning means 55 .

[0145] 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the impact shield 50 with the gas bag 71 of the airbag in a non-inflated state, the impact shield having fastening means 56 for (removably) fastening to a child seat. The fastening means 56 may comprise a belt system (which may be adapted in terms of its length) and a belt tongue adapted to engage with the buckle of the child seat.

[0146] FIG. 8 shows a child car seat 10 having a main body 20, a base 90, an impact shield 50 and an airbag 70 (not shown in detail). The main body comprises a seat part 21 (having a central part 21M, a left part 21L and a right part 21R), a backrest 22, side wings 23, a headrest 24, a first fastening means 27, a side impact protection device 29 and a third fastening means 31 (not shown). The impact shield extends substantially in the lateral direction T and has a central (middle) part 51, a left part 52, a right part 53, a sixth fastening means 56 and a cover 57. The base has a fifth fastening means 91, a fourth fastening means 93 (not shown) and a support leg 92. A gap 121 is formed between the central part 51 (particularly its bottom surface 51B, not shown) and the central part 51M of the seat part 21.

[0147] Figure 9 shows the child seat 10 of figure 8 from above, in which the second gap 122 can be seen between the central part 51 (in particular its inner or rear surface 51I, which is not visible in the figure) and the backrest. The airbag can be implemented according to one of the embodiments shown in figures 2 to 7.

[0148] Fig. 10 shows a child car seat 10 having a body 20, an impact shield 50 and an airbag 70 (not shown in detail). The body 20 comprises a seat part 21 (having a central part 21M, a left part 21L and a right part 21R), a backrest 22, side wings (or side bolsters) 23, a headrest 24, a first fastening means 27, a side impact protection device 29 and a second fastening means 28. The impact shield extends at least substantially in the lateral direction T and has a central part 51, left and right parts 52, 53 and a cover 57. A first gap 121 is formed between the central part 51 (in particular its bottom surface 51B, not shown) and the central part 21 of the seat part.

[0149] Figure 11 shows a bottom view of the child seat 10 according to figure 10, in which an airbag 70 is provided with a gas bag 71 (in the front part of the bottom surface 21B of the seat part 21), a gas generator 72, a sensor 74 and a connection 75. The sensor 54 is part of a control system (or controller) 73, which is not shown in detail. An additional airbag can be provided in the impact shield according to one of the embodiments shown in figures 2 to 7 or according to other embodiments according to the invention. The gas bag in this embodiment can have a volume of less than 10 litres.

[0150] Fig. 12 shows a child car seat 10 (partially in cross section) with a body 20, a base 90, an impact shield 50 and an airbag 70. The body comprises a seat part 21, a backrest 22, a headrest 24 and a first fastening means 27. The impact shield 50 extends (at least substantially) in a lateral direction T and comprises a sixth fastening means 56. The airbag 70 comprises a gas bag 71 arranged around a central part 51 of the impact shield (the bottom surface 51B, the inner surface 51I and the top surface 50T are at least partially, possibly completely, covered by the gas bag 71). A gas generator 72 is preferably arranged in a cavity of the impact shield and is connected to a controller 73 by a connection 75.

[0151] A first gap 121 extends between the bottom surface 51B of the central portion 51 of the impact shield and the seat portion 21, and the gas generator 72 is located near a front end of the first gap 121 (i.e., away from the child's abdomen), e.g., at the front end of the bottom surface 50B and / or at the front end of the outer (front) surface 51O. A second gap 122 extends between the inner (rear) surface 51 of the central portion 51 of the impact shield and the backrest 22. The first gap 121 and the second gap 122 are configured to receive the child's legs and abdomen and the child's chest, respectively. The first fastening means 27 and the sixth fastening means 56 are configured to cooperate to (fixedly) attach the impact shield 50 to the body 20 and to restrain a child accommodated in the child seat. The base 90 comprises support legs 92, fifth fixing means 91 (in particular isofix anchors) and a controller 73, which comprises a sensor 74 arranged in or near the fifth fixing means 91. The airbag 70 may be implemented according to Figure 7 or according to any of the embodiments shown in Figures 2 to 6 or according to yet another embodiment of the invention.

[0152] Figure 13 shows the child seat 10 of figure 12 with the airbag 70 (now) in an inflated state. The gas bag 71 is filled with gas and the first gap 121 and the second gap 122 are (now) narrowed to inhibit the child from moving forward (initially) relative to the child seat. A surface bulge on the upper surface 51T is configured to receive the child's head. The gas bag in this embodiment may have a volume of at least 3 litres, preferably at least 5 litres, and / or a volume of less than 15 litres, preferably less than 10 litres.

[0153] Fig. 14 shows a schematic diagram of a (rectangular) gas bag 71 and a gas generator 72. The gas generator 72 has a gas outlet 80, which is arranged near the inner end of the gas bag 71. The gas bag 71 is provided with a guiding device 77 with guiding structures arranged straight and parallel to one another (linear and / or rectilinearly arranged). A connection 75 is provided on the gas generator 72 and connects the gas generator 72 to a controller (not shown).

[0154] Figure 15 shows a schematic diagram of a (trapezoidal) gas bag and a gas generator. The gas bag has a proximal part 78 close to the gas outlet of the gas generator and a distal part 79 further away from the gas outlet, with a straight and (slightly) diverging guiding arrangement with a guiding structure (preferably forming a line). The gas generator is provided with a connection for connecting the gas generator to a controller (not shown).

[0155] Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of a gas bag and a gas generator. The gas generator 70 has a gas outlet 80 connected to a gas inlet 81 of the gas bag via a gas connection 76. The gas bag has a guiding device with a curved and (slightly) diverging guiding structure (preferably forming a line). The gas generator is provided with a connection for connecting the gas generator to a controller (not shown).

[0156] Fig. 17 shows a schematic diagram of a gas bag 71 and a gas generator. The gas generator has a gas outlet located inside (near the center) of the gas bag. The gas bag has two guiding devices 77, each having a group of guiding structures (preferably forming a line) that are curved and parallel to each of the same group of guiding devices 77. The gas generator is provided with connections for connecting the gas generator to a controller (not shown).

[0157] 18 shows a schematic diagram of an airbag 70 comprising a gas bag 71, a gas generator and a controller 73 with a sensor 74. The gas outlet of the gas generator is connected to the gas inlet of the airbag 71 via a gas connection. The gas generator is provided with a connection for connecting the gas generator to the controller 73.

[0158] Figure 19 shows a schematic diagram of a (rectangular) gas bag and a gas generator 72. The gas generator has a gas outlet 80 and is located inside the gas bag (near its centre). The gas bag is equipped with two guiding devices 77, each with a set of straight and parallel guiding structures. A connection 75 is provided on the gas generator and connects it to a controller (not shown).

[0159] Figure 20 shows a schematic diagram of the gas bag and the gas generator. The gas bag has a proximal part 78 close to the gas outlet of the gas generator and a distal part 79 further away from the gas outlet. The gas bag is provided with two guiding devices, each with a group of linear (slightly) diverging guiding structures (preferably forming a line). The gas generator is provided with a connection for connecting the gas generator to a controller (not shown).

[0160] FIG. 21 shows a schematic view of a gas bag 71 and a gas generator 72. The gas bag 71 has a short side extending in the XX direction and a long side extending in the YY direction perpendicular to the short side. The gas bag 41 further comprises a guiding device 77 with a guiding structure which is straight and parallel to one another and covered by a seal 82. The gas bag 71 further comprises connecting means 83 and 83' configured to connect the gas bag to a support element. The connecting means 83 are each provided on an associated protrusion of the gas bag 71 which protrudes from the part of the gas bag which is configured to be filled with gas. These protrusions may be selected to be integral with one of the walls of the gas bag or may be attached as separate elements (to the respective wall).

[0161] The coupling means 83' may be located on the contact surface 71c and the support surface 71s (as shown) or only on the support surface 71s of the airbag 71. The coupling means 83' may be covered by a sealing or may be covered by a seal. They are aligned with the guiding structure of the guiding device 77 to help guide the gas flow in the proximal-distal direction. A connection 75 is provided on the gas generator 72 to connect the gas generator 72 to a controller (not shown).

[0162] FIG. 22 shows a schematic cross-section of the gas bag 71 shown in FIG. 21 along the dashed line A. In FIG. 21 it is not possible to discern whether the gas bag 71 is inflated or uninflated, but it is shown here in the inflated state. It can be seen that the gas bag is (at least essentially) flat at least in the area of ​​the cross-section shown (this may also generally apply to all cross-sections not shown). The height of the gas bag extends in the ZZ direction (perpendicular to the XX and YY directions, indicated by the distance between the two arrows) and is (considerably) smaller than its width extending in the XX direction, here by less than 10%). Furthermore, it can be seen that the guiding device 77 or its guiding structure contributes to the height limitation. The (e.g. flat) surfaces of the support elements are not shown.

[0163] Figure 23 shows a schematic view of a cross section of a gas bag 71 similar to that of figure 22 along the dashed line A, in an alternative embodiment to that shown in figure 22. Here too, the gas bag 71 is shown in the inflated state. The difference with respect to figure 22 is that the surface of the support element is not flat, but has webs 111 and grooves 112 aligned with structures or channels 84 of the guiding device 77. Each channel 84 faces a groove 112, while each guiding structure of the guiding device faces a web 111. This makes it possible to ensure a sufficient gas flow rate even when a constant pressure is applied to the contact surface 71c of the gas bag 71.

[0164] Figure 24 shows a perspective view of an impact shield according to the invention. The impact shield has a first (solid) portion 58, a second (softer) portion 59, and an inner mantle 60. A gas bag (not visible) is contained within the inner mantle 60. The inner mantle 60 has a tear seam 61 designed to tear open at a predefined pressure to allow the gas bag to inflate. A belt guide 62 is located in the first portion 58A, through which a vehicle belt or a child seat belt can be passed to hold the impact shield (and thus the child).

[0165] An outer mantle or cover may be placed around the inner mantle 60 (not shown).

[0166] The first portion 58 is preferably made of a non-foamed plastic, and the second portion 59 is preferably made of a foamed plastic.

[0167] FIG. 26 shows a further embodiment of an impact shield according to the present invention, particularly as a component of a child seat.

[0168] The impact shield comprises a central impact shield part 51 and a gas bag 71. This can in principle be configured as shown in Figure 21, although this is not essential, particularly with regard to the connecting means 83, 83' (explained in more detail below).

[0169] In particular, the impact shield according to figures 26 to 28 may have coupling means 83 which, for example, with reference to the drawings, may be inserted at the "lower" location of the coupling means shown in figure 21. In particular (with respect to the impact shield), these coupling means 83 (see figure 26) may be coupling means located at the top of the impact shield in the front third of the impact shield, in particular at the front top edge of the impact shield (or in its vicinity, for example at a distance of up to 2cm, up to 4cm or up to 5cm from such front top edge).

[0170] These (release) coupling means 83 can be designed as shown in Fig. 27, i.e. in particular have a predefined tear point (drawn by a dashed line) and / or a predefined break point, which tears or breaks when a predefined force threshold is exceeded. This predefined tear point and / or predefined break point can for example comprise one or several (for example at least two or at least three or at least five, in particular arranged in a row) perforations.

[0171] Alternatively or additionally, a taper (as in FIG. 28) can be provided, also defining a predetermined tear point and / or a predetermined break point. In this respect, it is also possible to combine the solutions shown in FIG. 27 and FIG. 28. In particular (although not necessarily), according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 28, a pair of opposing tapers is provided (shown in dashed lines in FIG. 27).

[0172] Preferably, the force threshold is predefined such that it is (inevitably) exceeded when the airbag is deployed, although this is not essential: it must be taken into account that setting the force threshold higher may result in additional forces, e.g. that the child's body influences the force distribution caused by the inflation of the gas bag.

[0173] It should be noted at this point that all the above-mentioned parts, both individually and in any combination, and in particular the details shown in the drawings, are claimed as further developments of the invention. Variations of these are possible.

[0174] Moreover, at this point, it should be pointed out that all parts or features described above exist independently, without any additionally described features in the respective context. Even if they are not individually and explicitly identified as optional features in the respective context, for example, particularly, preferably, for example, optionally / possibly / optionally, by using parentheses or the like, or combinations or subcombinations thereof, are considered as independent embodiments or further developments of the invention, which are particularly defined in the introduction of the description and claims. Departures from this are possible. In particular, it should be noted that certain words or parentheses are intended to explicitly characterize features that are not essential in the respective context.

[0175] Finally, it is pointed out that the industrial property rights of this application (in the case of registration or grant: the industrial property rights) are intended to be as broad as possible in protection and are to be read with this in mind, in particular as far as (intermediate) generalisations of the explicitly disclosed features or combinations of features are concerned.

[0176] List of References T Horizontal 10. Child seats 20 Main unit 21 Seat section 21R (seat area) right side 21L (seat area) left side 21B (bottom side of seat) 21M (Central part of seat) 22 Backrest 23 Side wing / side bolster 24 Headrest 25 Support Foot 26 Top Tether 27 First fixing means 28 Secondary Fixing Means 29 Side impact protection device 31 Third fixing means 50 Impact Shield 51 Central impact shield 51B Bottom / Underside (Center of Impact Shield) 51I Inner / rear surface (center of impact shield) 51T (center of impact shield) top surface 51O (Central part of impact shield) Outer surface / Top surface 52 Left impact shield part 53 Right impact shield part 54 (Impact shield) fixing part 55 (Impact shield) shock absorber 56 Sixth Fixation Means 57 Cover 58 First Part 59 Second Part 60 Inner Cloak 61 Tear seam 62 Belt guide 70 Airbag 71 Gas Bag 71c Contact surface 71s instruction surface 72 Gas Generator 73 Controller 74 Sensors 75 Connection 76 Gas Connection 77 Guidance device 78 Proximal 79 Distal 80 Gas outlet 81 Gas inlet 82 Seal 83,83´ Coupling means 84 Channels 90 Base 90B (base) bottom / lower side 91 Fifth Fixation Means 92 Support Foot 93 Fourth Fixation Means 121 The First Gap 122 The Second Gap 110 Support part 111 Web 112 Groove

Claims

1. Comprising at least one airbag with at least one inflatable gasbag (71), said gasbag being movable from a non-inflated state to an inflated state, said gasbag (71) not being at least substantially folded in said non-inflated state, and / or the outer surface of said gasbag (71) in said non-inflated state of said gasbag (71) being configured such that at most 25% of said outer surface intersects perpendicularly with a second point of said outer surface, and / or in the non-inflated state of at least one of said gasbags (71), at most 25% of the outer surface of said gasbag abuts directly against another part of said outer surface, a child restraint device for attachment to a vehicle, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device.

2. The child restraint device according to claim 1, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device, characterized in that in the non-inflated state, at most 25% of the outer surface of said gasbag (71), for each starting point of said outer surface under observation, the starting point is adjacent to another point of said outer surface that is not directly adjacent to said starting point.

3. For at most 25% of the outer surface of said gasbag (71) in the non-inflated state, when it applies that there is a further point reachable on said outer surface for each starting point under observation of said outer surface, it reaches via a shortest path of at least 1 cm along the surface of said gasbag (71) and simultaneously via a shortest straight-line path of at most 0.5 cm. The child restraint device according to claim 1 or 2, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 4**: The airbag further comprises at least one guiding device (77) for guiding the gas flow during the transition of the gas bag (71) from the non-inflated state to the inflated state. The guiding device (77) is associated with at least one of the gas bags (71). In particular, at least one of the gas bags (71) preferably has such a guiding device (77) and is a child restraint device, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), for attachment to a vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, or a component of such a device. **Claim 5** The child restraint device according to the preceding claim 4, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device, characterized in that the guiding device (77) comprises at least one local fixation of at least a part of the inner wall of the gas bag (71). **Claim 6** At least one of the gas bags (71) comprises, for example, a contact wall portion (71c) that a child can contact from the outside during an accident and a support wall portion (71s) to which the gas bag is attached so as to be supported on a support device of the child restraint device. The guiding device (77) includes local proximity, in particular fixation to each other, between the contact wall portion and the support wall portion. The child restraint device according to the preceding claim 4 or 5, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 7** The child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 4 to 6, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device, characterized in that the guiding device (77) comprises at least one sewing and / or riveting and / or adhesion and / or welding of two opposing wall portions of the gas bag (71). **Claim 8** In at least said inflated state, one or more channels (84) and / or one or more partition walls are formed by said guiding device (77), characterized in that the child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 4 to 7, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device.

9. At least one of said gas bags (71) has a gas inlet (81) of a gas generator (72) belonging to said airbag (70) and / or a gas outlet (80) disposed inside said gas bag (71), said gas bag (71) having a proximal region (78) formed by the periphery of said gas inlet (81) or said gas outlet (80), and at least one distal region (79) remote from said gas inlet (81), and at least one of said guiding devices (77) guiding the gas flow in the direction from said proximal region (78) to said distal region (79), characterized in that the child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 4 to 8, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device.

10. Said gas bag (71) is supported on a support device, said guiding device (77) having at least one structure of said support device (110), particularly preferably a channel-shaped depression (112), said structure being at least partially associated with a corresponding structure of said gas bag (71) such that at least one web of said support device is at least partially aligned with at least one fixing or proximity of two inner wall portions, characterized in that the child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 4 to 9, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 11**: The airbag further comprises at least one gas generator, and the gas generator is disposed inside the gas bag (71), or below and / or in front of the gas bag (71) and / or the opening of at least one gas inlet to the gas bag (71) is disposed in the lower region and / or the front region of the gas bag (71). Preferably, it is a child restraint device for attachment to a vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 10, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 12** The gas generator is not disposed above and / or behind the gas bag (71), and / or the opening of the gas inlet to the gas bag (71) is not disposed in the upper region, or not in the rear region of the gas bag (71). A child restraint device according to the preceding claim 11, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 13** The gas generator is disposed so as to extend horizontally and / or in the direction of the child's line of sight and / or transversely to the direction of travel. A child restraint device according to the preceding claim 11 or 12, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 14**: At least one pressure limiting device is associated with the gas bag (71) such that when at least locally a predetermined pressure is reached or exceeded, pressure relief occurs by outflow of gas from the gas bag (71). Preferably, it is a child restraint device for attachment to a vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 13, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 15** In the case of a trigger, the pressure relief is carried out at least in the lower and / or rear region of the gas bag (71) and / or at the edge of the gas bag (71), characterized in that the child restraint device according to the preceding claim 14, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device.

16. The pressure limiting device is arranged in the vicinity of the opening of the gas inlet to the gas bag (71) and / or at the same height as the gas inlet, characterized in that the child restraint device according to the preceding claim 14 or 15, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device.

17. The pressure limiting device comprises at least one predetermined breaking point and / or a predetermined tearing point, preferably a tear seam, and / or at least one valve, characterized in that the child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 14 to 16, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device.

18. The predetermined pressure is at least 3 bar and / or at most 25 bar, characterized in that the child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 14 to 17, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device.

19. The airbag further comprises at least one first, in particular internal, mantle (60) surrounding the gas bag (71), the internal mantle (60) being securely connected to the body of the impact shield (50), and / or preferably enclosing the gas bag (71) so as to prevent access to the gas bag (71), a child restraint device for attachment to a vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 18, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device.

20. An outer mantle is arranged around the inner mantle (60), the outer mantle being optionally elastically designed and / or removable from the body of the impact shield (50) by means of a trigger, and being preferably removably connected to the body of the airbag and / or the impact shield (50). A child restraint device according to the preceding claim 19, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 21** The inner mantle (60) is in such a way at least partly elastic and / or has at least one predetermined breaking point and / or at least one predetermined tearing point, and when the airbag is actuated, the inner mantle (60) breaks open or tears open. A child restraint device according to the preceding claim 19 or 20, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 22** The inner mantle (60) at least partly, optionally completely, surrounds at least one upper, rear and lower surface of the body of the impact shield (50), preferably surrounding it in a bag-like manner. A child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 19 to 21, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 23** The internal volume of the inner mantle when the airbag is not actuated is smaller than the internal volume of the gasbag (71) in the actuated state. A child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 19 to 22, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 24** The gas bag (71) at least partially, preferably completely, in particular in at least the inflated state, preferably covers the upper, lower and rear surfaces of the impact shield (50), and is for attachment to a vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 23, in particular a child restraint device, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 25** The gas bag (71) is characterized in that it does not cover the front surface of the impact shield (50) at least partially, preferably completely, in particular in at least the inflated state and / or the non-inflated state, of a child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 24, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 26** The gas bag (71) has at least one coupling means, in particular a second coupling means (83), for coupling the gas bag to the child restraint device, and the at least one coupling means, in particular the second coupling means (83), is designed to release the coupling when a threshold value of the predetermined force is exceeded, of a child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 25, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 27** The projection of at least one associated fastening region of the gas bag (71) in the non-inflated state is at least 0.5 times and / or at most 1.5 times the area in the inflated state, of a child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 26, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 28** At least one of said gas bags (71) in the inflated state has a thickness of at most 30 cm, preferably at most 18 cm, and / or is at least substantially flat, in particular smaller than the order of magnitude of the thickness, and at least one direction perpendicular to the thickness direction, and / or the point furthest from the rest of said child restraint or its components is at most 30 cm, preferably at most 18 cm away, characterized by a child restraint according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 27, in particular a child seat (10) and / or a crash shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 29** At least one of said gas bags (71) in the inflated state has an internal volume of at most 20 liters, preferably at most 12 liters, and / or at least 1 liter, preferably at least 3 liters, characterized by a child restraint according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 28, in particular a child seat (10) and / or a crash shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 30** The gas bag (71) has at least one connecting device (83, 83') for connecting the gas bag (71) to the support device (110), characterized by a child restraint according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 29, in particular a child seat (10) and / or a crash shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 31** At least one of said gas bags (71) is attached to the lower surface of the seat area (21B), and / or at least one of said gas bags (71) is attached to the lower base surface (90B) of the base (90) of the child seat, and the body (20) is attached or attachable, in particular removable, characterized by a child restraint according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 30, in particular a child seat (10) and / or a crash shield (50), or a component of such a device. **Claim 32** The child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 31, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device, characterized in that at least one said airbag (71) is arranged in the front region of the child seat, in particular in the front region of the lower surface of the seat region (21B) or the lower surface of the base (90B).

33. The child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 32, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device, characterized in that the child restraint device comprises the impact shield (50) or is formed by the impact shield (50), preferably at least one said airbag (71) is attached to the impact shield (50), and / or the impact shield (50) is at least partially formed from a soft, in particular foamed, material such as EPS and / or EPP, and / or is at least partially formed from a harder, in particular non-foamed, material, in particular plastic, such as PP.

34. The child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 11 to 33, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device, characterized in that the child restraint device comprises the impact shield (50) or is formed by the impact shield (50), the gas generator is arranged in a receptacle of the impact shield (50), the receptacle being in particular at least partially formed from a soft material and / or a material or a foamed material, and / or is fixed by a press-fitting method, in particular by a clamp attachment, and / or is fixed by a form-fitting and / or material-fitting method, or is loosely connected to the impact shield body (50).

35. The child restraint device comprises the impact shield (50) or is formed by the impact shield (50), the impact shield (50) having a left impact shield part (52), a right impact shield part (53) and a central impact shield part (51) located between the left and right impact shield parts, and it is preferred that at least one gas bag (71) is attached only to the central impact shield part (51) in particular. The child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 34, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device.

36. The child restraint device comprises the impact shield (50) or is formed by the impact shield (50), and at least one of the gas bags (71) at least partially, preferably completely, in particular at least in the inflated state and optionally also in the non-inflated state, in particular in the non-inflated state, covers the upper surface and / or lower surface and / or side surface of the impact shield (50) facing the child during use, and / or at least partially, preferably completely, in particular at least in the inflated state and / or non-inflated state, does not cover the fact that the side surface of the impact shield (50) faces away from the child during use. The child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 35, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a component of such a device.

37. The gas bag (71) is preferably fixed and / or stored in a non-inflated state such that it is at least substantially not folded and / or fixed and / or stored, and the outer surface of the gas bag (71) in the non-inflated state of the gas bag (71) is configured to be applied to a maximum of 25% of the outer surface, each said outer surface intersecting the said outer surface perpendicularly at a second point of the outer surface, and / or fixed and / or stored, such that in the non-inflated state of at least one of the gas bags (71), a maximum of 25% of the outer surface of the gas bag (71) abuts directly against another part of the outer surface, a child restraint device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 36, in particular a child seat (10) and / or an impact shield (50), or a method of manufacturing or constructing such a device or a component thereof.

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